Name: ________LISETTE L.

ONG_______________________________
Program: __Doctor of Philosophy major in Curriculum and Instruction______________________________

Annotated Bibliography with Insights

Theme Teaching Process among IP learners—diversity of learners

Working Title Application of the Cultural Responsive Pedagogy among IP Learners in Iriga City, Camarines Sur
Introduction
In accordance with the Deped Memorandum No. 35 series of 2019 which is all about Contextualization and Localization of
Learning Resources and merging it with Deped Order No. 62 series of 2011 which is about the Indigenous People Education
Program has been two important bases for the researcher’s study. It had focused on the IP learners in Iriga City where a large
percentage of 48,301 indigenous people of Bicol are situated in Iriga City. The said population is increasing every year but then it is
only aspect of the study, what counts more is the application of the Cultural Responsive Pedagogy (CRP) to the teaching-learning
process among the IP learners in selected schools in Iriga City. The CRP has something to do with the diversity of learners, inclusive
education and most of all the localization of learning resources but then the IP groups have their own identity, consciousness and
most of all the culture which can be subjected to discrimination, prejudice and stigma. Using an ethnographic research design with
historiography as a supplementary research design. The researcher will try to trace the cultural analysis imminent among the IP
tribes in Iriga City by focusing on the education both elementary and secondary in selected schools in the said city. There will be a
participant-observer method to be used to arrive at both ethnography and historiography research designs and in which there will
be an assessment on how the CRP be applied in the teaching-learning process.

Article 1 Annotation Insights

Title: DepEd sustains support for This article had focused on the continuing There is a comparison between the
culture based education for IP implementation of the IPed Program which black race and IP learners despite the
learners had started on 2011, with the advocacy of geographical distance, proofs of
Citation: Business Mirror( 2017) DepEd Deped centering on inclusive education, discrimination in the areas of
 sustains support for culture
based education for IP learners
Article 2
Title: How Indigenous People
Education
Programs in the Philippines
Adapt in a
Diverse Society?
Citation: Halasan Randy H. How
Indigenous People Education
there is no room for discrimination among
learners in any forms that is the reason why
Deped through this program has been
promoting the contextualization and
localization of learning materials to show
support and understanding on the needs of
the IP learners in terms of cultural
differences, the learners’ engagement and
most of gender sensitivity.
Annotation
The article tackles about the cultural diversity
and how it can bridge the gap between the IP
tribal knowledge with the new education
embraced at present. This has been a
perennial problem in the past that of
geographical differences which includes
culture, race, language, gender and religion
religion, gender, racial, culture and
social discrimination still do exist
despite the support and
understanding brought about by
various government agencies, It
cannot be helped that the IPs are
considered to be minorities therefore
there is inferiority with regards to
culture and this is the reason why the
researcher wants to apply the CRP in
the learning process because it will
open doors to a better understanding
of their culture and how they can be
helped in adjusting to the culture at
present embedded with prejudice,
trends and stigmas. It is an
opportune time to motivate them to
embrace and perhaps assimilate new
culture without giving up their
traditions and practices but rather
being progressive is the ultimate
goal.
Insights
This article is a big help to the
researcher because there are two
main points involved first is the
cultural diversity and second is
cultural relativism but through
education and under the IPED
programs of Deped, this can be
 Programs in the Philippines
Adapt in a
Diverse Society?
Article 3
Title: Indigenous Peoples and the
Right to Education: The
Dumagat Experience in the
Provinces of Nueva Ecija and
Aurora, in the Philippines
Citation: Eduardo, Jesster P (2021)
Indigenous Peoples and the
Right to Education: The
Dumagat Experience in the
Provinces of Nueva Ecija and
Aurora, in the Philippines
along with Gabriel Arnell B
which became barriers and the reason why
there have been discrimination and
insensitivity to the differences. But through
the IPED programs under Deped, it can be a
vital tool to widen the understanding about
the diversities.
Annotation
The research study had discussed the plight
of the Dumagat tribes in the provinces of
Nueva Ecija and Aurora in terms of
discrimination and not having equitable
access to education. In this study, the
researchers had made use of critical
pedagogy so as to present an unbiased
analysis on what made discrimination and
inaccessibility to education two rising
problems among the tribal group and which
infringe their rights to education and to
liberty as well.
considered a first step towards a
better understanding of the
differences and an instrument of
bridging the gap in the future.
Second point to consider is that
education through curriculum and
instruction can be a big help in
overcoming the differences by
exercising sensitivity and
understanding. It may not be an easy
task but neither it is an impossible
one.
Insights
The Dumagat tribe is not the only
tribal group which experience these
problems. It is a known fact that
almost all ethnic tribes had
experienced several or more
discriminations especially where the
rights are concerned, it is always
blaming on illiteracy as one of the
factors. Because of this study, there
are further follow up studies on how
to make education be accessible to
the IP tribes that there is inclusive
education and programs are
implemented to fit the needs of the
IP learners.
 Article 4
Title: ARTICLE INFORMATION
Education and Ethnicity: A
Phenomenology from the Lens
of the Indigenous Peoples of
Camarines Sur
Citation: Andrada Marisol ARTICLE
INFORMATION Education and
Ethnicity: A Phenomenology
from the Lens of the
Indigenous Peoples of
Camarines Sur with Magalona
Joy Salem
Article 5
Title: Indigenous People's Education
During COVID-19: An
Environmentalist's Perspective
Citation: Ingle Nina H. Indigenous
People's Education During
COVID-19: An
Annotation
The article focuses on the cultural traits
unique among IP tribes in Camarines Sur,
Included in this is the early marriage, the
communalism, limited socialization and
nomadic lifestyle, These factors had
precipitated also the problem in education
that it is not considered a vital factor for
growth and development but rather just an
action that can be taken loosely or without
serious aims or ambitions. It is perhaps one
of the reasons that rarely can an IP graduate
from tertiary education and not succumbing
to early marriage and pregnancies. There
have been forced droputs through the years
as they see education in just a superficial
level which means they are not keen on
joining the modern world and advocating
changes along the way it is why the IPED
programs have been implemented fully to fit
their needs to delete illiteracy but rather to
embrace education and learning for a
change.
Annotation
Ethnoecology a new term coined by the
environmentalist/researcher Dr. Ingle
wherein despite the fears and threats of the
pandemic, the IP tribes in Davao took the
regular way of life and that is to continue to
see environment and ecology as their means
Insights
In hindsight, education among the IP
tribes is taken lightly they are not
keen on progress and change as they
find contentment in their world
despite the discrimination and
prejudices. This has been one of the
many problems of the government
so as how to protect them and at the
same time preserve their legacies.
With the ballooning population
among the IP tribes and majority of
which are illiterate, the tendency to
be conned or taken advantage of are
purely ordinary scenarios in their
lives. Majority still want to stay
sheltered inside their world where
knowledge on practical things
presupposes learning brought about
by education. Changes in their lives
and the patterns of living are
becoming barriers to embrace
progressive learning along the way.
Insights
The IP had their share of daily
struggles but they see life differently
from us, what counts in our world
are notable accomplishments and
material things but for them nature is
one gift that cannot be put aside and
 Environmentalist's Perspective
Article 6
Title: Indigenous Peoples in the
Philippines A Country Case
Study By: David E. De Vera
Citation: David E. De Vera, executive
director of PAFID presented in
Hanoi Vietnam
Article 7
Title: No data, no story: What the
of survival, this is the foundation of their
knowledge as they nurture and preserve the
environment which became their sanctuary,
their livelihood, their life and most of all their
survival and in one way or another can teach
us the importance of the environment
around us through their eyes, we can see
contentment despite the struggles but in our
eyes we can see differently but still it is
considered an education because they have
their own culture to adopt to, their own
practice to live with and most of all their own
identity which makes them different but
needed in our world,
Annotation
Comprising 14 percent of the Philippine
Population, the study was presented towards
the term of delineation as part of the
ongoing issue on power struggle and
territorial rights especially where the
ancestral domain is the focus.
Annotation
There are no conclusive date on the ethnic
neglected. This is one kind of
education that we modern people
has to learn to adapt, the sense of
contentment given by nature and
that we destroy in the process. For
them the simple thinking of the
bounties of nature make them
sharpen their knowledge and add to
their learning which we find too
blase and unrefined but then
perhaps it is time to absorb their
lessons and be critical about it and
we may be surprised with the
outcome.
Insights
Marked by a strong and permanent
lineage system be it a study in
cultural anthropology or sociology
lies the fact that kinship here is not
focused on families alone but of
unity as one where there is the much
needed protection from the
government even with the countless
programs still is the territorial and
ancestral domains have been lessons
unlearned especially with the fate of
the Lumad people
Insights
The IPs had been a part of the history
 absence of Indigenous
Peoples-specific data reveals
Citation: Carlos Perez Brito, September
21, 2021, World Bank Blogs
Article 8
Title: Indigenous Peoples
Engagement to Mainstream
Local Politics: a Southern
Philippines Narrative
Citation: Joy Melyn L. Jayma
Article 9
Title:
Empowering the indigenous
tribes in the Philippines neither the
population or in general demography not for
the lack of trying on the part of the
government so with the institutionalization
of the IPRA still it is of the present study but
the ethnographic research is quite a blur and
perhaps the reason or one of the reasons
why there is no story to tell,
Annotation
The Bukidnon tribe as everyone is aware of
happens to be one of the most progressive
ethnic tribes in the Philippines and for the
reasons of appreciation and survival
especially in the social setting has crossed or
mainstreamed the local politics not for power
tripping but for the preservation of the race
and ethnicity and more focused on the socio-
cultural aspect
Annotation
A far cry from civilization, the British Council
community had sent off four scholars to
of this country but sad to say they
have been treated as marginalized
and a minority and even permanent
data cannot be incurred for endless
reasons. Even if they belong to the
marginalized sector there can the
importance on their ethnicity and
ancestry to speak of and consider
and the untold stories has to be
unravel and told not because of
history but rather for human and
humane reasons
Insights
Education had been a privilege to the
ethnic community of the Bukidnon
tribe as they are more aware of the
present setting and the need to
survive in the power hungered state.
Their crossing the boundaries of
civilization signaled the need for
recognition appreciation and survival
furthermore the preservation of their
culture and way of life has to be
emphasized and be respected.
Insights
Driven first by curiosity to be
replaced by genuine concern for the
 study and observe the way of life of the IPs in
people through social enterprise Mindanao, there have been learning as
participant observer doing research and at
the same time interacting with the sultanate
Citation:  APA FELICIANO of each tribes.
British Council
IPS in Mindanao who have to live
unsheltered and unprotected against
the abusers be it of rights of them
and more of their ancestral domain
and lastly the preservation of their
cultural and human pride.

Article 9 Annotation Insights

Title: Indigenous Peoples' Human
Rights Observatory
Citation: Commission on Human Rights
A documented narratives of the cases filed
for and against the IPs through the past five
years. As a minority and people with little or
no knowledge of their human and
constitutional rights were subject to
discrimination, prejudice, stigmas,
harassment and even up to murder for
property rights.
Survival in the sense that they are a
minority with an inferior culture but
then just like any other individuals
are equipped with both
constitutional and human rights.
Those people responsible for
lambasting and violating those rights
are those that need to be considered
a minority with an inferior culture.

Article 10 Annotation Insights

Title: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES/ETHNIC
MINORITIES AND POVERTY
REDUCTION PHILIPPINES
Citation: Asian Development Bank
In this series of papers being published and
sponsored by ADB had shown different case
studies on the IPS welfare and their mode of
survival despite living in an impoverished
state. The sense of community had helped
the tribes adjust despite being minorities to
what civilization has to offer.
The IPs are born not only with
intuition but so with instinct they
may lack in other areas such as
education but their sense of
community and unity is strong that
they are able to adapt to the many
changes brought about by a
developing civilization. They are used
to the traditional ways of life that
they don’t desire any material things
that they don’t need. Their happiness
radiates on their livelihood, their
 families and their community.

Article 11 Annotation Insights

Title: Teaching Philippine Indigenous The Liberal Arts Program of De La Salle
Culture University has been intent on offering this
Citation: Hazel T. Biana et al of DLSU course first as a subject before
mainstreaming to a course study because of
the need to preserve the ethnic communities
and because of the richness of culture
unknown to many.
The study used to be just an
introduction to sociology and cultural
anthropology but thank you that it is
slowly being considered as a full-
fledged subject especially with
western mentality such as the
majority can only be a wake up call
for own self-identity

Article 12 Annotation Insights

Title: Philippines Soldiers Accused of
Beating Indigenous People
Citation: Brad Adams of Human Rights
Watch
A sad plight for three IPs from a Zambales
tribe of Aeta origin who were killed by
soldiers because of ancestral rights. One was
even forced to eat feces before being killed.
The abuse of the soldiers is a
violation against the constitution
wherein they have the duty to
protect the people and not kill
people who are non-threats to them
but because of a rich manipulator
who had given them orders because
of the ancestral land that needs to be
possessed led to the sacrifice of the
three Aetas which can be despicable
and inhuman but then could it still be
a surprise for a very discriminating
society such as ours?

Article 13 Annotation Insights

Title: Strangers in their Own Land: From an anthropologist like Dr. Pagulayan he There have been endless accounts of
The Marginalization of the was stating facts about the human rights and human rights violation, exploitation
Philippine Indigene oppressions being experienced by the IPS and oppression among the IPs
Citation: Ricardo Pagulayan especially where the ancestral land is
concerned, not only where the IPs are
subjected to discrimination but also as
outcasts who chose to stay quiet because of
lack of wealth, power and education but the
Philippine state is not complete without
them leading the Filipino race but then does
it matter to many?
Article 14 Annotation
Title: Community Organizing for The COVID-19 had produced drastic effects,
Indigenous People in the people became more selfish and materialistic
Philippines: A Proposed while others became compassionate and
Approach kind. Different impacts had resulted from the
pandemic but then here is one health science
Citation: Jailah Bamba, Cristela Candelario,  group who is willing to offer medical and
Rosarie Gabuya, Lhearnie Manon health services to the IPs not for fame or
gdo popularity but because they understood the
sad plight of how many decades the IPS have
been carving a niche in the society.
Article 15 Annotation
Title: Participatory research with To gain a deeper understanding of the IPs
indigenous communities in the there is a need to be both a participant and
Philippines an observer of their way of life, their culture
and ancestral roots. It does not end with a
Citation: A. Mahinay from Pubmed publication or advocacy during the campaign
period it has to be done with one thing in
mind that a voice must be heard with selfless
reasons
because of the government and the
abusers but even with the many
programs initiated and implemented,
there have been a large number of
cases of injustice based on their
being marginalized and a minority.
The key here is still Education
Insights
Charity begins at home but before
compassion emanates, there is the
sense of reason and moral values
that comes from the heart. The
pandemic had taught lessons which
we cannot even understand but
needs to be realized and this is one
of them.
Insights
During the last campaign period
personally I could not help myself
from doubting some political
candidates as they address the
situations of the IPS, that everything
was so shallow and superficial that
they cannot even fully understand
the distinctive identity emanating
from the IPs communities realizing
 after their colorful speeches that
they were all for posterity or the
usual propaganda branding of
candidates but basically lacking in
substance.

Other Related Research

Driven from home, Philippine indigenous people long for their land

1. The plight of the Lumads being driven away from their ancestral domains call for protection and help from the government
but still unheard even up to the present
2. Indigenous Communities: A Situation Analysis by Yuchengo Institute of Research wherein the discovery and rediscovery of
the IP communities in the Philippines has been studied, interpreted and analyzed
3. Indigenous Women fight for their Rights still the gender sensitivity and discrimination experienced by IP women opposing
the idea of gender equality thus suppressing their rights as women in a patriarchal-masochistic society.

Research Questions
4. What are the impacts of the different pedagogies delivered to eject change among the Aetas in iriga City?
5. How will education and its pedagogies contribute to a brighter future among the Aetas in iriga City?
6. How will education and its pedagogies lessen discrimination and other issues among the Aetas in Iriga City?