CLASS XII CBSE 2022-23

MINI TEST – 2 | CHEMISTRY

Demonstra
te,
E/
Chapter Template Knowledge
Q. No. Sub- topic Solution M/
Name & marks ,
D
application
, analytical
1 D-F block properties (d): 1 E Knowledge
Zr Hf (atomic radius)
due to lanthanoid contraction
2 Coordination VBT (d): [NiCl4]2- 1 M Application
compound Ni2+ = [Ar] 3d8 4s0 4p0
Hybridisation = sp3
geometry = tetrahedral
3 Alcohol Acidic strength M  I 1 E Application
phenol ether (c): Acidic strength 
M  I
Ethanol < phenol < Acetic acid < chloroacitic acid
4 Amine Hins-berg’s (c): (CH3CH2)3 N 1 E Knowledge
Reagent 3 amine does not react with Hinsberg’s reagent
5 Bio- Carbohydrate (b): B – D – Glucose 1 E Knowledge
molecule Cellulose is a straight chain polysaccharide composed of B-D-
Glucose unit which are joined by B-glycosidic linkages, Hence
cellulose on complete hydrolysis gives B-D-Glucose.
6 Coordination Isomerism (b): Linkage isomers [Co(NH3)5 NO2]Cl2 due to different donor atom 1 E Application
compound in ligand. No2 & ONO
7 Halo-alkanes Preparation of (b) Swarts reaction 1 E Knowledge
& Halo- Halo alkane CH3Br + AgF  CH3F + AgBr
Arenas
8 Bio- Carbohydrate (d) n-Heptane 1 M Application
molecules
9 Alcohol Chemical (a) CH3CH2NH2 1 E Application
phenol ether reaction of R – NH2 + HNO2  R – OH + N2 + H2O
alcohol
10 Coordination Uses (a) cis – [ptCl2 (NH3)] 1 E Knowledge
compound
11 d-f block Catalyst (d) 1 E Knowledge
12 Aldehyde Name reaction (c) 1 M Knowledge
ketone &
carboxylic
acid
13 Bio- Vitamin (b): Deficiency of vitamin k causes increases in blood clotting time. 1 E Knowledge
molecule
14 Amine Isomer (b) 5 isomer 1 M Application

15 Ald, ketones Ketoenol (b) Keto-enol tautomenism 1 D Application

carboxylic tautomerism
acid

16 Co- Magnetic (d) [Fe (CO)4 (C2O4)]+ 1 E Application

ordination property x + 4(0) + (-2) = +1
compound x = +3
Fe3+ = [Ar] 3d5
T2g5 eg0
n 1 M  n(n  2)
 1(1  2)  1.73 BM.
17 D block Colour (b) involve d-d transitions which fall in the visible region 1 E Knowledge
18 Amine Property (c) Acylation of amines gives amides which stops further acylation. 1 M Knowledge
19 d-f block Magnetic Step 1 formula M  n(n  2)B.M. 1 E Knowledge
property
Step 2 Electronic configuration
½
Co= [Ar] 3d2 4s2
Co2+ = [Ar] 3d7
There are three unpaired electrons
(n = 3)
Step 3 Calculation
½
M  n(n  2)B.M.
3(3  2)  3.87BM
20 Coordination VBT Magnetic moment of [MnBr4]2- is 5.9 BM Step 1 E Application
compound M  n(n  2)BM formula
1
n  5 unpaired electron = 5
C.N. of Mn2+ is 4,
Step 2
It will be either tetrahedral (sp3) or square planer (dsp2)
theory
But presence of five unpaired e-m the d – orbital. 1
It should be tetrahedral shape rather than square planer.
Or
[Ni (H2O)6]2+, Ni2+ ion has two unpaired electron and it shows
colour.
Coordination Colour 1 E Application
In [Ni(CN)4]2-, there is no unpaired electron, hence it is colourless. 1
21 Aldehyde Chemical (i) Hept-1-ene  Heaxanol Step 1 E Application
ketone & reaction CH3 (CH 2 )4 CH  CH 2 O3
 CH3 (CH 2 ) 4 CHO  HCHO reaction
Zn / H 2 O
carboxylic 1
acid Hept  1  ene Hexanol

(ii) Step 2
reaction
 1

22 Amine Basic strength Basic strength Step 1 Application

 M,  I ½

M, I
1

resonance
(C2 H5 ) 2 NH  C2 H 5 NH 2  NH 3  C6 H 5 NH 2 Step 2
order ½
23 Amine Name reaction Carbylamines reaction – Primary amine reacts with chloroform and a Step 1 Application
solution of KOH in ethanol to form isocyanides. Secondary and definition
tertiary amines do not give this reactions. ½
 
R  NH 2  CHCl3  3KOH  R  N  C KCl  3H 2O Step 2
A min e isocyanide order ½

24 Biomolecule Nuclei acid Deoxyribose sugar, phosphoric acid and nitrogen containing 2 Knowledge
heterocyclic bases are the hydrolysis products of DNA.
25 D-f block f- block Lanthanides resemble more closely with one another. Due to Step 1 Knowledge
lanthanide contraction the atomic radii of lanthanides are almost theory
similar and they show common +3 oxidation state. So, they are
found in nature together and their physical properties are quite 2
similar.
26 D-block Stability (i) Ti4+ has stable inert gas configuration, the electronic 1 E Knowledge
configuration of Ti4+ is [Ar] 3d0 4s0 and hence is most stable in
aqueous solution.
On the other hand, V2+, Mn3+, Cr3+ have unstable electronic
configuration and hence, are less stable.
Ti4+
Oxidising 1
agent (ii) Mn3+, due to stable d5 configuration in Mn2+

Colour (iii) Ti4+, due to absence of unpaired electron. It is a colourless ion. 1

Or

Chemical 1 M Application
equation

1
27 Coordination Isomerism (i) Tetrahedral complex’s do not show geometrical isomerism due to 1 E Application
compound the relative position of the Ligands attached to the central metal atom
are the same with respect to each other.

(ii) The trans isomer of complex [CaCl2(en)2]+ is optically inactive

Isomerism 1 M Application
because the trans isomer has a plane of symmetry and can be divided
into two equal parts.

Stability (iii) Chelating ligand canform a ring with central metal. Therefore, it 1 E Application
have ability to regulate electron within ring. Because of it there is
more force of attraction between central metal ion and chelating
ligand.
28 Aldehyde Cannizzaro (i) Cannizzaro reaction is given by aldehyde without  hydrogen in Define E Knowledge
ketone reaction the presence of conc. Alkali undergo self redox reaction. One 1
carboxylic aldehyde gets oxidized to form salt of a carboxylic acid and other
acid aldehyde gets reduced to form 1 alcohol.

2HCHO 
Con.
NaOH
 CH3OH  HCOONa Example
This reaction is also called a disproportionation reaction. ½

(ii)
Clemmensen’s ½
Reduction

29 Amine Aniline Formula of the compound ‘c’ indicates it to be an amine. Since, it is M Application
obtained by the reaction of BF2 and KOH with the compound ‘B’ so
compound ‘B’ can be an amide. It is also indicated because ‘B’ is
obtained from compound ‘A’ by reaction with ammonia following
by heating. So compound ‘A’ could be an aromatic acid. Formula of
compound ‘C’ shows that it is aniline, then ‘B’ is benzamide and
compound ‘A’ is benzoic acid. The sequence of reactions can be
written as follow:

30 Protein Amino acid Except glycine all naturally occurring  - amino acids an optically 1 E Knowledge
active since the  - carbon atom is asymmetric. These exist in D and
1 form. Most naturally occurring amino acids have L – configuration
in which – NH2 group is written on the left hand side. It is
comparable to the L glyceraldehyde.
 1

Amino acid Or 11/2 E Knowledge

(i) As amino acids have both acidic (carboxylic group) and basic
groups (amino group) in the same molecule, they react with both
acids and bases. Hence, they show amphoteric behaviour.
Structure of 11/2
protein (ii) In  - helix structure, intermolecular H-bonding takes place
where as in  – pleated structure, intermolecular H-bonding takes
places.
31 d-f block Oxidation state (a) Both O2 and F2 stabilize high oxidation states because of their
electronegative nature. But the tendency in oxygen is more as
compared to chlorine since oxygen is involved in multiple bonding 2 M Knowledge
with other elements while fluorine fails to exhibit their character.
Eg. Highest fluoride of Mn is MF4 whereas highest oxide is Mn2O7.

(b) Scandium exhibits +3 oxidation state in its compounds.

Electronic configuration of SC in the ground state is 3d’ 4s2 so can 2
easily lose 4s2 and 3d’ electron to give a stable 3d0 4s0 configuration.
Thus, it shows +3 oxidation state.

Or

(i)
Coordination Type of ligand  acceptor ligand-ligands having empty orbitals which can interact 1 E Knowledge
compound with metal d-orbitals for the formation of  - bond.

IUPAC name (ii) [Cu(en)2 (NO3)2]

Bis-(ethane -1, 2 diammine) 1 E Application
Copper (II) nitrate

Werner’s (iii) Alfred Werner first time did the systematie study of coordination
theory compounds. 1 E Knowledge

Colour (iv) The colour of coordination entity is decided by the colour of the
spectrum absorbed in the d-d transition of electron. The colour shown 1 E Application
is always the complementary to the colour absorbed.
(v) When a multidentate ligand forms cyclic ring with metal atom ion
Property with no unfavorable steric effect, the stability of the complex is 1 E Knowledge
increased further and this effect is called macro cyclic effect.
32 Aldehyde Property (i) 1 E Knowledge
ketone &
Carboxylic
acid
Value of angle ‘a’ and ‘b’ = 1200 due to trigonal planer.

(ii)
Chemical ½ E Application
reaction

½
 Reaction with
HCN
1 M Application

(iii)

Reaction with 1 M Application

semi-carbazide

(iv)

Addition of
alcohol 1 M Application

(v)

Amine Diazonium salt 1 E Application

Diazonium Or
 
reaction
(i) C6H5 NH 2  C6H5 N  NC l
NaNO2 ,HCl
H2 O,273  278K 1 E Application
Benzene diazonium chloride

(ii)

Diazonium
reaction 1 M Application
 (iii)

Gattermann Define ½
reaction
E Knowledge

Reaction
(iv) Aryl chloride and bromide can also be prepared by Gattermann ½
reactions which involves the treatment of diazonium salt with Cu/HCl
or Cu/HBr respectively.
 
Aniline Ar N 2 x  
Cu / HCl
 ArCl  N 2  Cux 1 E Application
 
Ar N 2 x 
Cu / HBr
 ArBr  N 2  Cux

(v)

33 Coordination Werner theory (i) [Co(NH3)6]Cl2 1 E Application

chemistry 3 ions, [Co(NH3)6]2+ , 2Cl-

CFT (ii) Orbital splitting energies not sufficiently large 1 M Application

enough to cause pairing.
IUPAC 1 E Application
(iii) [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2
Hexaamminenickel (II) chloride

VBT (iv) Cs[FeCl4] 2 M Application

Oxidation state =
+1 + x – 4 = 0
x=+3
Coordination number = 4
Shape = Tetrahedral
Magnetic moment
 H=√
=√
=5.98 BM
Or ½ M Knowledge
IUPAC name (a) Ni(Co)4
Tetracarbonyl nickel (o)

(b) Fe(Co)5 M Knowledge

Penta carbonyliron (o) ½

(c) Cr(Co)6 Hexacarbonyl chromium (o) ½ M Knowledge

(d) [Co2(Co)8] octacarbonyldicobalt (o) ½ D Knowledge

(e) [Mn2(Co)10] deca carbonyl dimagneselo

½ D Knowledge
 ½

34 Aldehyde Acidic strength (a) (i) (CH3)2 CHCOOH < CH3CH2CH2COOH < 1 E Knowledge
ketone
carboxylic
CH3  CHCH2COOH  CH3CH2 CHCOOH
| |
acid Br Br

(ii) 4-Methoxybenzoic acid < benzoic acid < 1 E Knowledge

4 – nitrobenzoic acid < 3, 4 dinitrobenzoic acid
1 D Application
(iii) Benzoic acid < 2-methyl-benzoic acid < 3-nitro
benzoic acid < 2, 4 dinitrobenzoic acid

(b) (i) Test – NaHCO3

1 M Application

It gives brisk effervescence

(ii) Test- hydrolysis in acid followed by I2 | NaOH 1 M Application

CH3 – OH Methyl alcohol no yellow ppt, does not under go iodoform test.
CH3CH2-OH – ethyl alcohol gives yellow ppt of idoform.
Or

Amine Acetylation of Reaction M Application

aniline 1

Reactivity of aromatic amines is very high so when acetylation of Theory

aniline occurs which acid anhydride it gets converted into acetanilide 1
in which 1. P.m. on nitrogen is in conjugate ion with oxygen atom
due to resonance hence the reactivity reduce.

Basic strength (b) CH3 – NH2 is more basic than C6H5-NH2

11/2 E Application
Because in case of aniline the ion pair of –NH2 is in conjugation with
benzene ring value to which e- density is less available on N-atom
hence higher the electron density on N-atom, more will be the
basicity.
 Nitration (c) Nitration is carried out with conc. HNO3 in the presence of conc.
H2SO4. In the presence of these acids the –NH2 group of aniline gets 11/2 M Application

protonated and is converted into  N H3 group. This positively
charged group acts as a strong electron with drawing and meta-
directing group. Hence, the incoming electrophile goes to meta-
position.

35 Biomolecule Carbohydrate Following reactions cannot be explained on the basis of open chain 5 M Knowledge
structure of D-glucose.

(i) Despite having aldehyde group glucose does not give 2,4-DNP test
Schiff’s test and addition product with NaHSO3.

(ii) Pentaacetate of glucose does not react with hydroxyl- amines

indicating absence of free – CHO group.

(iii) Glucose exists as equilibrium between open structure and closed

cyclic structure. In cyclic structure, (-OH) group of C5 reacts with (-
CHO) group to form hemiacutal group. Thus, in this form there is no
free aldehyde group is present due to which the above reactions are
not shown by glucose.

Or
(a) D-glucose gets oxidized to carboxylic acid (Gluconic acid) on 1 E Knowledge
reaction with bromine water.

(b)
1 E Knowledge

1 M Knowledge
(c) On acetylation with acetic anhydride, anhydride, glucose gives a
pentaacetate. This confirms that glucose contains five – OH groups.

(d)
1 E Knowledge

1 M Knowledge
(e)

Indicates the presence of a primary alcoholic (-OH) group.