EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 1

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Effects of Age on the Emotional Information Full title of the study

must not be more
than 12 words

A Thesis Proposal Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School

in partial Fulfillment for the Degree Master in Business Administration

THIS IS SHORT BOND

PAPER

NOTE: Pages 1,2 and 6 are adapted from the paper “Effects of Age on Detection of
Emotional Information,” by C. M. Leclerc and E. A. Kensinger, 2008, Psychology and
Aging, 23, pp. 209–215. Copyright 2008 by the American Psychological Association.

Maria Clara Protacio Rizal

Month and year Urdaneta City University

of completion July 2021
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 2

URDANETA CITY UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF HUMAN SCIENCES
San Vicente West, Urdaneta City, Pangasinan

APPROVAL SHEET

This research entitled “Extent of Parenting Styles Perceive by the Children in Conflict
with the Law” prepared and submitted by Maria Clara Protacio Rizal in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree Master in Business Administration has been examined
and is hereby recommended for approval and acceptance.

PELILIA C. VELOSO, CPA, DBA

Adviser

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination as Passed on June 11, 2021.

JOSEPHINE S. LAMBINICIO, EdD EDMON M. FERNANDEZ, MBA

Panel Member Panel Member

EASTER B. BELANDRES, PhD

Panel Member

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER IN

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA).

VIRGILIO U. MANZANO, PhD

Dean, Graduate School
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 3

CERTIFICATION OF INTELLECTUAL HONESTY

This is to certify that all sources used in this study have been properly acknowledged

and duly cited with utmost diligence. This is to certify further that this research is an

original undertaking and has neither been submitted for another degree nor has been copied

from previous work.

Further still, this is to certify that the entire manuscript has been submitted to and

passed the standards on plagiarism set by the Center for Research and Development.
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 4

Abstract

Age differences were examined in affective processing, in the context of a visual search

task. Young and older adults were faster to detect high arousal images compared with low

arousal and neutral items. Younger adults were faster to detect positive high arousal targets

compared with other categories. In contrast, older adults exhibited an overall detection

advantage for emotional images compared with neutral images. Together, these findings

suggest that older adults do not display valence-based effects on affective processing at

relatively automatic stages.

Keywords: aging, attention, information processing, emotion, visual search.

NOTE:

the word “Abstract” should be centered and bold

- Contains the summary of the study (short introduction, short description of

methodology, short discussion of the results of the study, and provide
keywords)

- provides a quick overview of its focus and main points

- Do not indent the first line (for abstract ONLY)

- Do not exceed 250 words

- Typed in 12 font, Times New Roman

- Double space
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 5

Acknowledgement

Personal page of the

researchers to express their
gratitude
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 6

Table of Contents

Page

Title . . . . . . . . . . 1

Approval Sheet . . . . . . . . . 2

Certification of Intellectual Honesty . . . . . . 3

Abstract . . . . . . . . . 4

Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . 5

Table of Contents . . . . . . . . 6

Chapter 1: Introduction . . . . . . .

Background of the Study . . . . . .

Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework . . . . .

Statement of the Problem . . . . . .

Chapter 2: Methodology . . . . .

Research Design and Strategy . . . . .

Population and Locale of the Study . . . . .

Data Gathering Tool . . . . . . .

Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . .

Treatment of Data . . . . . . .

Chapter 3: Results and Discussion .

SOP 1 (The result for SOP 1) . . . . . .

SOP 2 (the result for SOP 2) . . . . . .

SOP 3 (the result for SOP 3) . . . . . .

Chapter 4: Conclusions and Recommendations . .

Conclusions . . . . . . . .
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 7

Recommendations . . . . . . .

References . . . . . . . . .

Appendices . . . . . . . . .

Appendix A: Interview Guide. . . . .

Appendix B: (Results/ Data) . . . . . .

Curriculum Vitae . . . . . . . .

List of Tables

Table 1: Population of the Study . .

Table 2: SOP 1 (short title for the result of SOP1)

Table 3: SOP 2 (Short title for the result of SOP 2)

Table 4: SOP 3 (Short title for the result of SOP 3)

List of Figure

Figure 1: Research Paradigm . .

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 8

Bold, double
Chapter 1 space,

Introduction Font size 12

Background of the Study

Frequently, people encounter situations in theirspace

- Double environment in which
(all throughout theitpages)
is
- INDENT ALWAYS the first sentence of the
is therefore of great importance for one’s
impossible to attend to all available stimuli. Itparagraph
- Left justified
Background contains
attentional processes to select only the most salient information in the
the following:
environment to which
- Presentation of the problem (introduce
one should attend. Previous research has suggested that the problem)
emotional information is privy to
- Rationale
- Purpose of the study
attentional selection in young adults (e.g., & Tapia,- 2004; Nummenmaa,
Justification Hyona, & Calvo,
of the study
- Significance of the study
2006), an obvious service to evolutionary drives -to approach rewarding situations and to
Personal reasons
Note: No need to put a subtitle to the content of
avoid threat and danger (Davis & Whalen, 2001; Dolan & Vuilleumier, 2003; Lang,
the background)

Bradley, & Cuthbert, 1997; LeDoux, 1995). For example, Ohman, Flykt, and Esteves

(2001) presented participants with 3 × 3 visual arrays with images representing four
Proper citation
categories (snakes, spiders, flowers, mushrooms). In half the (if the source/reference
arrays, all nine imagesis were
not
included in the sentence the
Proper citation
from the same category, whereas in the remaining half of thereference is written
arrays, eight BEFORE
images were from
(if the source/reference is included the end of the sentence) if in
in the sentence the year is in the parenthesis
one category and one image was from a different category (e.g., eight flowers and one
parenthesis

snake). Participants were asked to indicate whether the matrix included a discrepant

stimulus. Results indicated that fear-relevant images were more quickly detected than fear-

irrelevant items, and larger search facilitation effects were observed for participants who

were fearful of the stimuli. A similar pattern of results has been observed when examining

the attention-grabbing nature of negative facial expressions, with threatening faces

(including those not attended to) identified more quickly than positive or neutral faces

(Eastwood, Smilek,& Merikle, 2001; Hansen & Hansen, 1988).

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 9

The enhanced detection of emotional information

is……………………………………..

Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework

The theory of …………………..

Contains the different theories that support the study

NOTE:
- Make sure that your theories support your study
- Proper referencing/ citation

The study is a causal- comparative study wherein the concepts of age and emotion

are being studied. The study assumes that age affects the emotional information being

shown by a person. The age then shows how the person is being sensitive or not in terms of

emotion because the younger the more stable is your emotion as compared when the older

you are the more sensitive you are………………………….

Moreover, the concept of age are divided into three categories namely; young adult

(from age 12- 21), middle adult (22- 31),…………….

Discussion of the different concepts (variables) in your study for easy understanding of the study.
Also, discussion of the research paradigm.
NOTE:
- Explain how the concepts work in your study

Note: The given examples in this section are just for the purpose of giving example. Hence, these
are not from the paper of Leclerc and Kensinger

Dependent Variable
Independent Variable

Age
Emotion
-Young Adult

-Middle Adult

-Adult
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 10

Figure 1: Research Paradigm

Statement of the Problem

The study determined the effects of age on the emotional information of

the…………

Specifically, the study answered the following questions:

1. What is………

2. What is…………

3. Is there a significant difference between…………..

Hypotheses

1. There is….
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 11

Chapter 2

Methodology

Research Design and Strategy

Discussion of the research design and strategy used in the study

Population and Locale of the Study

- Discussion of the participants of the study, their characteristics and

the reasons why they were selected as the respondents
- How they were selected (use of random sampling, etc)
- How many participants were selected (use of slovin’s formula etc)
Table 1:
The title of the table is Italize
Population of the Study

Company Class
First Class Second Class Third class Fourth Class Total
Alpha
Bravo
Charlie Single space
Delta
Echo
Foxtrot
Golf
Hawk
Total

NOTE: NO CUT TABLES

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 12

Data Gathering Tools -Discussion of

instrument used in the
study
-How many parts etc
- reliability and validity

Data Gathering Procedure

-Step by step
process of
gathering data

Treatment of Data -Discussion of the statistical treatment used in the

study like weighted mean, t-test, Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA) or Pearson Product Moment
Correlation (Correlation or Pearson r)

Mean interpretation

Scale Description Interpretation

3.26 – 4.00 Strongly Agree

2.51- 3.25 Agree

1.76-2.50 Disagree

1.00-1.75 Strongly Disagree

FOR Pearson Product Moment Correlation (it depends on your reference)

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 13
NOTE: this is just an
example for chapter 3
Chapter 3

Results and Discussion

This chapter interprets, presents and analyzes the data of the study.
Introductory sentence (this can also be
Level of Intrinsic Motivation of Cadets paragraph).

Table 2 shows that ….. Short title of the SOP 1 is underlined

- Subtitles/ themes are stated in a one-to-one
correspondence with the logic of the research
question

Guidelines for Chapter 3

1. Narrative discussion of the findings are presented first before the tabular
presentation of data/result
2. Do not just read the tables. Analysis of findings and interpretation of data must
focus on meanings, implications and reasons
3. Implications and meanings of data refer to the WHY aspect of such findings
4. Corroboration of findings is necessary to support and confirm the current research
findings
5. Do not make claims that go beyond what the data can support
6. Do not let existing beliefs or biases influence the interpretation of results
7. Do not make recommendations in this chapter
8. Synthesizes findings after all data have been presented, analyzed and interpreted.
This provides generalizations about the entire study

NOTE: Table must be after the interpretation.

In case that the interpretation is until second page, the table must be
RIGHT AFTER the next page and below will be the continuation of the
interpretation.

Table 2: Single space

Title and table
Level of Intrinsic Motivation of Cadets
Indicators Mean Interpretation
Encouragement from my upperclass inspires me to 3.28 SA Strongly Agree
get a high grade in all of my subjects.
Positive comments from my upperclass help 2.58 A Agree
improve my academic performance.
Statement 3
Statement 4
NO CUT TABLE
 EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 14
NOTE: This is just an example and
DOES NOT reflect the real result Chapter 4
of the study
Conclusions and Recommendations

This chapter shows the conclusions and recommendations that were derived from

the analysis and interpretations of the findings of the study.

SOP1 - Generalization derived from the findings

- General statements that answer the stated problems
Conclusions - Must be one-to-one correspondence

The study on the effects of age on detection of emotion can be concluded that age

affects the detection of emotion information. This shows that age provides information on
SOP2
the emotion of a person. Moreover, it can also be concluded that emotion varies across age

where maturity is often- seen

Doable
in theaction
adultsteps that
years aswould address
compared the problems
to the adolescence or the storm
- Proposed interventions to address the problems
- Must be based from the results/findings of the study like what
and stress years and regresses as they become
recommendations can older.
the researchers give for the improvement of the
study, for the improvement of the topic of the study, and to the institution
- Must be specific, measurable, attainable, result-oriented, and time
bound
Recommendations

The researchers recommend for the improvement of the study to explore the effects

of gadgets in emotion detection as to the sensitivity of people to the personal presence of

others such as public display of insensitivity brought about by the use of gadgets or the

personal digital assistants.

For the institution specifically the school, the researchers recommend that a one-day

program for emotion management be conducted to the teachers and students where team

building activity can be facilitated to enhance and foster good relationship among the

students and teachers. Moreover, the activities must have a specific objective to meet or

values such as camaraderie, solidarity, courage, integrity, and self awareness. At the end of

the activity, a debriefing or processing their emotions must be done in order to have

feedback from the participants and in order for the improvement of the activity. Also, this

can be a way also to gather information on student’s type of personality or the profile of the
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 15

students which will be used for the improvement of services of the school like if there are

more students who prefers to work in teams than individually will help the teachers on how

to facilitate classroom activities.

In terms of methodology, there is a need to increase the number of participants to

have a more conclusive and generalized findings. Moreover, for future research the

researchers recommend to focus only in one age group in a more emotionally challenging

jobs to have a more conclusive generalization of the emotion detection in order to identify

whether age affects emotion.

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 16

Reference List Alphabetically arranged

Double space

Allen, l. (2004, August). Will Tuvalu disappear beneath the sea? Global warming threatens

to swamp a small island nation. Smithsonian, 35 (5), 44- 52. Magazine Article
Unpublished research paper
Anzale, F.J, Otilla, J.E., & Sorilla, N.T. (2014). Motivational styles of fourth class cadets in

pursuing their cadetship. Philippine Military Academy (Unpublished research

Journal
paper)
Article
Bligh, M.C., Pearce, C.L. & Kohles, J.C. (2006). The importance of self- and shared

leadership in team based knowledge work: A meso-level model of leadership

dynamics. Journal of Managerial Psychology. Vol. 21 No. 4, 2006 pp. 296-31.

Emerald Group Publishing Limited 0268-3946 DOI 10.1108/02683940610663105

Dubrin, A. (2014). Fundamentals of Management. Philippines: Cengage Learning Asia Pte

Ltd. Pan Asia Book Exchange. Book source

Leclerc, C.M. & Kensinger, E. A. (2008). Effects of Age on Detection of Emotional

Information. Psychology and Aging, 23, pp. 209–215. The American Psychological

Association.

“Effects of chenalu” accessed from http:www……….. dated …….

EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 17

Appendices

Appendix A: Survey Questionnaire/ Interview Guide

Final copy of the

Research Instrument
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 18

Appendix B: Results of the Study

Other tables not

included in
chapter 3
EFFECTS OF AGE ON THE DETECTION OF EMOTION 19

Full name Curriculum Vitae

First name, Middle name
and Surname

JUAN CRUZ DELA CRUZ

Address:
Birthday:
Email Address: Formal Picture
Batch:
Strand:
Birthplace:
Educational Background
Level/ Degree Name of School Year Graduated

Seminars/ Trainings Attended Most recent first

Title Address Inclusive Dates

Awards and Recognition

Organizational Affiliations