FILBERT R.

ROMANO
BSED 2-BLOCK A - MATHEMATICS CARMEN J. RIVA, PH. D.

MODULE 1:
THE CHILD AND ADOLRSCENT, LEARNERS AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES

TOPIC: THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS

I. Pre-Assessment
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. A

IV. Assignment.
Compare the physical and motor development during the early childhood, middle childhood and adolescent. Child and Adolescent
Development pp 12-13.

The physical and motor development during early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescent, children's muscle strength, motor skills,
and stamina increase. Children acquire the motor skills necessary to perform complex movements, allowing them to participate in a variety of
physical activities. For females, most physical growth is completed by two (2) years after menarche. In contrast to girls, the motor skills of
adolescent the boys continue to improve, particularly gross motor skills. Adolescent boy rapidly gain physical speed, jumping strength, throwing
strength, and endurance throughout the entire period of adolescence, even into their early 20’s.

V. Exercises/ Activities
Write A 100 WORD essay on how you feel about the situation of the Filipino Children today. As a concerned individuals what
recommendation/s can you suggest to the parents, school officials or to local government officials? Compare your answer with your classmate.

Almost half of population in the Philippines are children’s. With a fast population growth a year, the government has a difficult task in
providing with enough resources to ensure their rights. For many adults and children, a 15-year-old who bears a child willingly or unwillingly
ceases to be a girl-child but a young mother. An 11-year-old who takes the task on tilling the? A 9-year-old girl made to peddle her body on the
streets becomes a commodity. An 8-year-old boy on the streets stealing someone's money for food in a criminals. Boys and girls loitering in the
streets sniffing rugby are considered dregs society. Their situation seen in the context of poverty, lack of parental guidance and societal
responsibility. As dictated are some practice, a child an adults when he or she becomes part of social production and reproduction, or when the
child performs and responsibilities such as making a living or having his/she own family.

VI. Further Study

What are the situations of the children and young people in one of there countries; US, Japan, Thailand or India? Compare them with the
situations of the Filipino children and adolescence. Research in the internet to find answer.

Psychological abuse in younger children is the most common type of abuse on Japan. Younger children experience higher rates of abuse,
with most deaths due to abuse perpetrated by mothers. Neighbors were found to be the most frequent in report cases of child abuse to child
counselling centers. Child abuse cases in Japan can be reported to a hotline which available in 24 a day, 7 days a week are mainly handled by a
child counselling center. Currently, child counselling centers are facing difficulties in coping which rapidly increasing cases child abuse. The
number of staff in child counselling centers has increased, but the addition of child counselling centers is an urgent issue since there are few
specialized hospitals that can treat children's mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to child abuse.
There are most online child sexual exploitation and substance abuse in the Philippines when compared to Japan. The Philippines has been
identified as one of the top sources of child pornography material. While cases of antisocial behavior has been decreasing recently in Japan, the
Philippines reported that it is an emerging social issue in the country. In the Philippines, an increasing trend in sexual abuse has been observed.
Physical abuse is likely to be underreported because corporal punishment is a commonly accepted method of disciplining Filipino children.
Psychological abuse is the least recognized and reported even though a national baseline found that 3 of 5 children experience.

VII. EVALUATION
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. A

MODULE 2.
THE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT LEARNERS AND LEARNING PRINCIPLES

TOPIC: PHYSICAL AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT

I. PRE-ASSESSMENT
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. A

IV. ASSIGNMENT

1. How does language develop among human beings. What are its antecedents?
The gestural theory states that human language developed from gestures that were used for simple communication . Gestural
language and vocal language depend on similar neurons systems. The cortex that are responsible from mouth and hand movements
border each other. So therefore, antecedents of language development talks about the ways or means which help the child to prepare
him/her in learning’s language.

2. What is bilingual development? Explain its cognitive advantages and disadvantages.

To conclude, the advantages of bilingualism far outweigh the disadvantage. Bilingualism offers three major benefits which are the
better performance on both aspects of metalinguistic awareness and executive functions, and protection against dementia.

3. Explain how learners become literate?

 The five stages of literacy development include emergent literacy, alphabetic fluency, words of patterns, intermediate ready,
and advanced reading. Each stages of literacy development helps the child move forward and become a stronger student. Early literacy
is learning about sounds, words and language. You can support early literacy development by communicating with children, reading,
and playing with rhyme. Children develop and learns best through everyday, funs activities like singing, talking and games.

V. EXERCISES/ACTIVITIES
Draw a CONCEPT MAP of the physical, motor and brain development that occurs during the early childhood, middle childhood and
adolescence. (File this out in portfolio).

EARLY CHILDHOD

PHYSICAL
BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

MOTOR

Brain Development During Early Childhood

Overall growth is clearly height and
weight measures. Growth is manifested at
the earliest stage, usually is following
cephalocaudal trends in the lengthening in
the neck ant torso, followed by the legs.
Brain and neck develop earlier than legs
and trunks, following the proximodistal
patterns, development occurs from the
center outwards. The genetics factor
strongly influence physical characterized.
Motor Development During Early Childhood
As a child grows, his/her nervous system
becomes more mature. As this happens, the
child becomes more and more capable of
performing increasing complex actions.
The brain continuous to develop after birth.
Brain development proceeds at an uneven
pace accuring between 3 and 10 months and
between 15 and 24 months. There are 100
billion neurons or brain cells present at birth
which conducted nerve impulses. The
neurons are nourished by glial cells which is
responsible for the increase in brain size.
Myelination of nerve fibers grows at
different paces for different part of the brain.
The myelinations is continuous in middle
childhood.

MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

PHYSICAL
BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

MOTOR

Brain Development During Middle

Childhood
Ninety-five percent of brain growth is
Between the age of 6½, 8½ and 10 reached by the time a child reaches the age
Motor Development During Middle Childhood
years an girl and approximately half a of 9. Such growth is characterized by
As a children age, coordination both in fine
year later at 7, 9, 10½ in boys growth interrelated processes, namely cell
motor skills and those involving large muscles
occurs spurts. Have been secular trends proliferation and cell pruning. On the other
improves. The fact that children first grade
in growth in that children in the present hand, cell pruning is a continuous process in
children can print all letters of the alphabet on to
generation. the childhood phase. It involves the
cursive writing is a strong indications. Even
selective elimination of excess cells and the
gross motor skills and hand-eye coordination are
cutting back of connections. The middle
improved with ability and balance added.
childhood is the ability to identify and act a
 ADOLESCENCEE

PHYSICAL BRAIN DEVELOPMENT

MOTOR

Brain Development During Adolescence

Physical Development During Adolescence
For both boys and girls, these changes
include a growth spurt in height, growth of
pubic hair, and skin changes. Boys also
experience growth in facial hair and a
deepening in their voice.
Motor Development During Adolescence
Gross and fine motor skills improves
continuously during adolescence.
Adolescence can do more complex and
strenuous activities compare when they
were in their middle childhood.
In the teenaged years, there are two major brain
growth spurts one accruing between ages 13-15,
and the second brain growth spurt beginning
around ages 17 and which continuous into early
adulthood. In the first spurt, the cerebral cortex
become thicker and neuronal pathways become
more efficient. There are more energy produced
and consumed by the brain during this spurt than in
the year following. The spurts take place in parts of
the brain that control spatial perception and motor
functions. That is why mid-teens, adolescence
abilities in those areas far exceed those of school-
aged children’s.

VI. FURTHER STUDY

Download and read and make a reflection of a CERTAIN RESEARCH that was conducted which concerns about any development in
early childhood, middle childhood and adolescence.
The year between 6 and 14-middle childhood and adolescence-are a time of important developmental advances that establish children's
sense of identity. During these years, children makes strides toward adulthood, self-awareness, and involved in the world beyond their families.
During middle childhood, children develop a sense of self-esteem and individuality comparing themselves. They come to expect they will
succeed or fail at different tasks. The adolescence, the tumultuous physical and social changes that accompany puberty.

VII. EVALUATION
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. C
8. B
9. A
10. A
11. B
12. B
13. A
14. B
15. C