For your activity, please provide the placement of your goniometer in the specific motions listed below.

Identify where is the (a) axis, (b) stationary and (c)

movable arm.

1. Back Flexion 2. Back Lateral Flexion

 Axis – on the iliac crest.
 Stationary arm – bisecting the ASIS and the
 Movable arm – middle of the armpit.
3. Neck Flexion
 Axis - over the external auditory meatus.
 Stationary arm – align vertically or perpendicular to the floor.
 Movable arm – align to the base of the nose.
5. Neck Rotation
 Axis - above over to the center of the patients’ head.
 Stationary arm – align along an imaginary line between the two
acromion processes.
 Movable arm – align at the tip of the nose.
7. Hip Flexion
 Axis - femoral greater trochanter.
 Stationary arm - parallel to the trunk.
 Movable arm - parallel with longitudinal axis of the femur in line
with the lateral femoral condyle.
9. Hip Abduction
 Axis - ASIS on measured side.
 Stationary arm - directed to opposite ASIS.
 Axis - align with the spinous process of s1.
 Stationary arm – vertical/perpendicular to the floor.
 Movable arm - align with the spinous process of c7.
4. Neck Lateral Bending
 Axis - over the spinous process of the C7 if examining from the
back, or at the sternal notch if examining from the front.
 Stationary arm - along the imaginary line between the two
acromion processes either vertically or perpendicular to the floor
or horizontal and parallel to the floor.
 Movable arm - over the external occipital protuberance if
examining from posterior or along the center of the patient’s nose
if examining from anterior.
6. Hip Backward Extension
 Axis - greater trochanter.
 Stationary arm - parallel to trunk.
 Movable arm - parallel to longitudinal axis of femur in line with
lateral femoral condyle.
8. Hip Adduction
 Axis - ASIS on measured side.
 Stationary arm - directed towards opposite ASIS.
 Movable arm - parallel to femur, directed at center of the patella.
10. Knee Flexion
 Axis - lateral epicondyle of the femur.
 Stationary arm - along the femur to the greater trochanter.
  Movable arm - parallel to femur, directed to center of patella.
11. Shoulder Abduction-Adduction
 Axis - inferior lateral coracoid process.
 Stationary Arm- parallel with the trunk.
 Moving arm- aligned with the midline of humerus.
13. Elbow Flexion-Extension
 Axis- lateral epicondyle of humerus.
 Stationary Arm- aligned humerus (center of acromion process).
 Moving arm- aligned with radius (styloid process).
15. Ankle Inversion-Eversion
 Axis - proximal to achilles tendon insertion.
 Stationary arm - midline of lower leg.
 Movable arm - midline of calcaneus
17. Wrist Radial-Ulnar
 Axis - capitate
 Stationary arm - dorsal midline of forearm.
 Movable arm - parallel with longitudinal axis of 3rd metacarpal.
19. Thumb MP Joint
 Axis - Over the dorsal aspect of the MCP joint.
 Stationary arm - Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft of the
metacarpal.
 Movable arm - Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the proximal
phalanx.
 Movable arm - along the fibula to lateral malleolus.
12. Shoulder Flexion-Extension
 Axis- center of humeral head near acromion process.
 Stationary Arm- parallel mid-axillary line.
 Moving arm- aligned with midline of humerus (lateral epicondyle).
14. Forearm Pronation-Supination
 Axis - over tip of 3rd digit.
 Stationary arm - parallel with the humerus.
 Movable arm - parallel to volar forearm surface.
16. Ankle Flexion-Extension
 Axis - lateral calcaneus at bisection of fibula + 5th metatarsal.
 Stationary arm - parallel to fibular.
 Movable arm - parallel with 5th metatarsal.
18. Wrist Flexion-Extension
 Axis - over lateral triquetrial bone.
 Stationary arm - parallel with the ulnar.
 Movable arm - parallel with longitudinal axis of 5th metacarpal.
20. Thumb IP Joint
 Axis - over the dorsal aspect of the joint.
 Stationary arm - over the dorsal aspect of the proximal phalange.
 Movable arm - dorsal aspect of the distal phalange