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  UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA  

FINAL
EXAMINATION
 
     

COURSE : BACTERIAL TAXONOMY

AND DIVERSITY
(PAPER 1)
COURSE CODE : MIC463
EXAMINATION : FEBRUARY 2022
TIME : 2 HOURS
     
 
 
INSTRUCTIONS TO
CANDIDATES
 
PART A (20
Questions)
This question
paper consists of three (3)
1. PART B (6 Questions)
parts:
PART C (5 Questions)
   
   
   
   
   
2. Answer ALL
questions from all three (3) parts:
   
   
   
   
   
 

  i. Answer PART A in the Objective Answer Sheet.

ii. Answer PART B in the Answer Booklet. Start
each answer on a new page.
iii. Answer PART C in the True/False Answer Sheet.
3. Do not bring
any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.
   
4. Please check
to make sure that this examination pack consists of:
   
i. the Question Paper
ii. an Answer Booklet – provided by the Faculty
 
iii. a True/False Answer Sheet – provided by the Faculty
iv. an Objective Answer Sheet – provided by the Faculty
5. Answer ALL
questions in English.
 
 
DO
NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This
examination paper consists of 11
printed pages

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PART A
Choose the best answer.
       
QUESTION
1
State the advantage of lacking a
cell wall in Mycoplasma
A The cells become more
pathogenic in plants than in animals
B the cells can assume
various shapes
C the cells can resist
antibiotics that targeted the cell wall
D the cells can be
parasitic or saprophytic depending on the environmental condition
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
2
From the following,
identify the luciferase enzyme producer
A Aeromonas salmonicida
B Vibrio fischeri
C Proteus mirabilis
D Francisella
tularensis
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
3
From the following,
find the disease that is NOT sexually transmitted by Gram negative
bacteria
A Syphilis
B Gonorrhea
C Chlamydia
D Trichomoniasis
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
4
Select the vector
for transmission of disease caused by Borrelia
A wild rodents
B small mammals
C ticks and lice
D all of the above
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
5
Identify the genus
that produced the pigment pyocyanin
A Pseudomonas
B Serratia
C Rickettsia
D Spiroplasma
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
6

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State the function

of the folds on the external membranes of many cyanobacterium species
A for maximum light
entrapment during photosynthesis
B to facilitate motility
C for maximum nitrogen
entrapment during nitrogen fixation
D to increase the
surface area/volume ratio that would enhance the gaseous exchange
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
7
The pigments used
to capture sunlight in Cyanobacteria is called
A phytocyanin
B phycocyanin
C chloroplasts
D A and B
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
8
The folds on the
external membrane of Cyanobacteria serve as
A to capture as much
water
B to capture as much
sunlight that serves as the driving energy in photosynthesis
C to increase the
surface area for the attachment of pigments responsible for
photosynthesis
D to increase the
surface area over volume of the organism
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
9
Select any TRUE
description on Prochlorophyta  
A has both chlorophyll
a and b
B some members are
symbionts in marine vertebrates tissues
C have red and blue
phycobillin pigments
D all the above
statements are true
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
10
Find a statement
which CORRECTLY describes the genus  Prochlorothrix
A Green , filamentous
cyanobacteria and habitat is freshwater
B Green, unicellular
cyanobacteria and habitat is marine
C Blue-green,
unicellular cyanobacteria and habitat is marine
D Blue-green,
filamentous cyanobacteria and habitat is freshwater
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
11
Find the features
in Prochlorophyta and Cyanobacter that correctly distinguish both genera
A Prochlorophyta lack
red and blue phycobilin pigments and have stacked thylakoids,
making them
distinctly different from Cyanobacteria (or Cyanophyta)
B Prochlophyta has
Chlorophyll A ; Cyanobacter has chlorophyll C
C Prochlorophyta :
cannot carry out photosynthesis; Cyanobacter: carry out photosynthesis

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D Prochlorophyta : has
phycobilisomes; Cyanobacter: no phycobilisomes
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
12
The following
pairings are based on site: process performed by Cyanobacteria. Find the
pairing that is INCORRECTLY MATCHED.

 
A Heterocysts: nitrogen
fixation
B Thyllakoid membrane:
photosynthesis
C Thyllakoid membrane:
respiration
D Akinetes : carbon
fixation
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
13
Find the cell type
that the filamentous species of Cyanobacteria may differentiate into
A heterocysts
B alkinetes
C vegetative cells
D all of the above
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
14
Describe what
happen when the filamentous species of Cyanobacteria are exposed to harsh
environmental conditions
A The cells start to
form climate-resistant gas vesicles allowing them to survive the harsh
conditions
B The cells are
converted into epiphytes form that are more resistant to the harsh conditions
compared to the vegetative cells form
C The cells start
forming climate-resistant spores which can survive better under harsh
conditions compared to vegetative cells
D The cells form
climate-resistant heterocysts that can survive without water, nutrients, high
temperature and other harsh conditions
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
15
Explain how the
Cyanobacteria maximize the use of available light for photosynthesis
complementary chromatic adaptation
A the cells accumulate
more phycoerythrins in green light whilst more phycocyanin in red
light
B the cells accumulate
more phycocyanin in green light whilst more phycoerythrins in red
light
C the cells accumulate
less phycoerythrins in green light whilst more phycocyanin in red
light
D the cells accumulate
more phycoerythrins in green light whilst less phycocyanin in red
light
(1
mark)
       

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QUESTION
16
Find the correct
description on Prochlorothrix
A are phytoplankton
without phycobilin pigments
B are photosynthetic
picoplankton and coccus in shape
C are marine
unicellular species
D A and C
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
17
The following are
characteristics of thermoacidophilic archeabacteria  EXCEPT
A grow at very high
temperature
B grow at very low pH
condition
C are found in
hydrothermal and volcanic vents
D the cell walls having
acidic polymers which prevent the entry of hydroxide ions through
plasma
membrane
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
18
Match the species
to the correct grouping of archeabacteria
A Metallosphaera sedula
: thermophilic archeabacteria
B Natromonas pharaonis : halophilic archeabacteria
C Sulfobolus
solfataricus : thermoacidophilic
archeabacteria
D Bacillus pseudofirmus: alkaliphilic archeabacteria
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
19
The statements
below describe photosynthesis carried out by purple sulfur bacteria with
ONE
exception
A the carbon from
harmful compounds in the laggon is utilised, such as methane,
as their
carbon source
B reduces the lagoons'
atmospheric pollution affect
C Removes methane from
the lagoon
D Improves the
greenhouse effect
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
20
The following
characteristics of archeal membrane explain why archeabacteria are able to
withstand the extreme conditions EXCEPT
A the nonpolar chains
are joined to a glycerol backbone by ether rather
than ester linkages.
The ether linkage is more resistant to hydrolysis.
B the alkyl chains
are branched rather
than linear. They are built up from repeats of a fully
saturated five-carbon
fragment.
C The ability of
archaeal lipids to resist hydrolysis and oxidation may help these organisms
to withstand the extreme conditions
D have membranes
composed of branched hydrocarbon chains attached to glycerol by
ester
linkages which are more resistant to hydrolysis.
(1
mark)

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PART B
Answer all questions.
       
QUESTION
21
Explain briefly the
three (3) facets of taxonomy.
(5
marks)
       
QUESTION
22
Elucidate, by
listing five (5) reasons, why the bacterial cultures must be periodically
subcultured to a fresh media.

 
(5
marks)
       
QUESTION
23
You are awarded
RM2,000 to carry out culture preservation for all bacterial cells in your
microbiology laboratory.  Due to the constraint of the budget, you
need to choose between
freeze drying and freezing in the presence of
cryopectant , for example glycerol, and storing
the cultures at -20C or
-80C in a freezer. Compare both methods before you are able to
decide which
method would be the best.
(10
marks)
       
QUESTION
24
The river in
Selangor is suspected to be polluted with faecal matter since many cases
reported on patients with  an upset stomach, diarrhea, and/or flu-like
symptoms after
consuming the water.  Outline the microbiological steps
undertaken to determine whether the
river water sample is contaminated with
fecal matter or not.

 
(5
marks)
       
QUESTION
25
Cyanobacteria can
be advantageous or disadvantageous to the environment. Compare some
of the
good and bad features of Cyanobacteria.

 
(5
marks)
       
QUESTION
26
Compare the
characteristics of peptidoglycan and pseudopeptidoglycan in the cell wall
of a
bacteria and archeabacteria respectively.
(10
marks)

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PART C
Choose the best answer.
       
QUESTION
27
The results
obtained from biochemical tests performed on microorganisms relate the
presence and absence of specific enzymes and metabolic differences of the
microorganisms.
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
28
Standard reference
on bacterial classification can be identified using Bergey’s manual of
systemic bacteriology.
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
29
The approaches
listed in polyphasic taxonomy include cladistics, phenetic, genotypic
features
and numerical taxonomy.
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
30
Informations on
species belonging to a part of a clade can be obtained from gene base
sequence or the corresponding amino acid sequence of a protein
(1
mark)
       
QUESTION
31
Traits such as the
wings in bees and birds used for flying are identified as examples of
homologous traits.
(1
mark)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

 

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