NAME

OLUTIMAYIN BOLATITO CHRISTIANAH

MAT NO:

2022001112

COURSE:

SYSTEMIC AND FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY

COURSE CODE:

ANA211

ASSIGNMENT

ON

DISUSS THE TERM ACID GAS BASE IN RELATION TO RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

OR ALKALOSIS

DATE:

14TH OF NOVEMBER, 2022

 WHAT RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS IN ABG

Respiratory acidosis is a state in which there is usually a failure in ventilation and an

accumulation of carbon dioxide. The primary disturbance of elevated arterial PCO2 is the
decrease ratio of arterial bicarbonate to arterial PCO2 which lead to lowering of pH

REPIRATORY ALKALOSIS OR ACIDOSIS

A normal physiological pH is 7.35 to 7.45

A decrease in pH this range is acidosis, an increase above this range is alkalosis.

Respiratory alkalosis is by definition a disease state where the body’s pH is elevated to a greater
than 7.45 secondary to some respiratory or pulmonary process. Respiratory acidosis is a
condition that occur when the lungs cannot remove all the carbon dioxide the body produces.

When you breath faster the lower carbon dioxide level of your blood can lead to
respiratory alkalosis.

Respiratory alkalosis is usually caused by over breathing (called HYPER

VENTILATION) that occur when you breathe deeply or rapidly. Causes of Hyper ventilation
include Anxiety or panic.

CAUSES OF CHRONIC RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) a group of air flow and breathing
diseases that include disease like emphysema and bronchitis
2. Asthma
3. Disease that happen in the lungs tissue like pulmonary fibrosis
4. Muscular or nerve disease
5. Obesity
6. Sleep
7. Apnea

SYMPTHOMS OR RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

1. Respiratory acidosis can be acute or chronic
2. The chronic form is asymptomatic but the acute is worsening form causes headache,
confusion and drowsiness
3. Signs include Tremor, Myoclonic, jerk and arteritis
 HOW TO CORRECT CHRONIC RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

1. Treatment of the underline illness that disrupt the breathing process and exchange of
gases
2. Doctor can help to give drugs to help open the passage of the lungs

DRUGS

Latrogenic causes of respiratory alkalosis include medication like progesterone,

methyilxanthiness (e.g Theophylline) Salicylate and nicotine

SIX STEP PROGRAM OF ACID BASE GAS

1. Analyze of pH
2. Analyze of PaCo2
3. Analyze the Hco3
4. Match either the Paco2
5. Match either the Paco2 or Hco3 with the pH
6. Determine whether the Paco2 or the Hco3 go into opposite direction of the pH

The normal Arterial pH is 7.38 to 7.42

Oxygen saturation (SaO2) 94% to 100%
Bicarbonate (HCo3); 22 to 28 miles equivalent to per( meq/l)