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9
Science
Quarter 1- Module 1:
Week 1-2(Respiratory and Circulatory Systems,
Working with Other Organ Systems)

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Science- Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1, Wk 1-2 - Module 1: (Respiratory and Circulatory Systems,
Working with Other Organ Systems)
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Schools Division Superintendent: Roy Angelo L. Gazo, PhD.,CESO V

Development Team of the Module

Authors: Anna Teresa P. Maglinte and Sampaguita G. Mansueto
Content and Language Evaluators: Sheila J. Paragoso, Mary Ann E. Canoy and
Sheryl Jane P. Silang
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Chris T. Sagarino
Management Team
Chairperson: Roy Angelo E. Gazo, PhD, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent
Co-Chairpersons: Nimfa R. Lago,PhD, CESE
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Mala Epra B. Magnaong, Chief ES, CLMD

Members Henry B. Abueva OIC-CID Chief

Ann Q. Solijon, EPS-Science
Sherlita L. Daguisonan, LRMS Manager
Meriam S. Otarra, PDO II
Charlotte D. Quidlat, Librarian II
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Division of Iligan City
Office Address: General Aguinaldo, St., Iligan City
Telefax: (063)221-6069
E-mail Address: iligan.city@deped.gov.ph
 9
Science
Quarter 1- Module 1:
(Respiratory and Circulatory
Systems,Working with Other Organ
Systems)

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, school heads, Education Program Supervisor in Science
of the Department of Education-Division of Iligan City. We encourage
teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,
comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education-Iligan City
Division at iligan.city@deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About ................................................................................................................... i

What I Need to Know .............................................................................................................................. ii
How to Learn from this Module ...........................................................................................................iii
Icons of this Module ...............................................................................................................................iii

What I Know ........................................................................................................................................... .iv

Lesson 1:
(Parts and Functions of the Human Respiratory System) ............................................................ 1
What I Need to Know .................................................................................... 1
What’s New ................................................................................................... 1
What Is It ....................................................................................................... 1
What’s More .................................................................................................. 2
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………. 4
What I Can Do…………………………………………………………………….4

Lesson 2:
(Breathing Mechanism in Humans) ...................................................................................... 6
What’s In........................................................................................................ 6
What I Need to Know .................................................................................... .7
What’s New ................................................................................................. .. 7
What Is It ..................................................................................................... …7
What’s More ................................................................................................ .9
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………. .. 9
What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………… 10

Lesson 3:
(Parts and Functions of the Human Circulatory System) ..................................................... 11
What’s In........................................................................................................ 11
What I Need to Know .................................................................................... 11
What’s New ................................................................................................. 12
What Is It ..................................................................................................... 13
What’s More ................................................................................................ 15
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………. 17
What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………… 18
Summary.......................................................................................................................... 19
Assessment: (Post-Test) …………………………………………………………………….. 20
Key to Answers ................................................................................................................. 22
References ......................................................................................................................... 26
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What This Module is About
In the previous years, you were introduced to the parts of the human digestive
system and how each part functions as well as the process on how the digestive
system breaks down food to nourish your whole body. You also learned that the
human body is composed of several organ systems, which work together to keep us
alive.
In this module, you will learn the parts and functions of the respiratory and
circulatory systems.
Furthermore, this module will give you an understanding of how the
respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport nutrients, gases, and
molecules to and from the different parts of the body and value the importance of
proper care of your body.

To help you understand the lessons you will be doing the following activities:

I. Parts and Functions of the Human Respiratory System

 Name Me
 Complete Me

II. Breathing Mechanism in Humans

 Bottled Balloons
 Just One Breath

III. Parts and Functions of the Human Circulatory System

 Crossword Puzzle: Circulatory System
 The Human Heart
 Coronary Circulation
 Organize Me!

i
 What I Need to Know

This module will make you realize that the different parts of your body are
wonderfully created so that each part can perform its function and keep you alive.

This module is divided into four lessons namely:

Lesson 1 – Parts and Functions of the Human Respiratory System

Lesson 2 – Breathing Mechanism in Humans
Lesson 3- Parts and Functions of the Human Circulatory System

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport
nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body.

Specifically, the activities in this module will enable you to:

 Name the main parts of the human respiratory system;

 Describe the function of each part of the human respiratory system;
 Explain how the lungs work;
 Describe how the movement of the diaphragm helps the air go in and out of the
lungs;
 Identify the parts and functions of the circulatory system;
 Explain the different types of circulation on how they work together with respiratory
system to transport nutrients, gases and other molecules to and from the different
parts of the body

ii
How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

iii
 What I Know (Pretest)

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read and answer the questions in the best way you can. Write
the letter of your answer on the space provided before each number.
______1.Which of the following choices is the function of the respiratory system?
a. absorption of nutrients c. gas exchange
b. transport of oxygen d. skeletal support

______2. Which of the following statements describes the function of the diaphragm?
a. It is the site of gas exchange.
b. It carries blood throughout the body.
c. It serves as the passage of air into the lungs.
d. It contracts and relaxes during respiration to change the volume of the chest
cavity

______3.The lungs bring ______ into the body, and eliminates _____ from the body.
a. carbon monoxide, oxygen c. carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide
b. oxygen, carbon dioxide d. oxygen , carbon monoxide

______4. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory system?
a. Alveoli b. Bronchus c. Heart d. Trachea

______5. A baby swallows her food and accidentally, it does not enter the esophagus.
What structure does not function properly and diverted the food into the
respiratory tract instead of the esophagus?
a. trachea b. epiglottis c. larynx d. bronchus

______6.Which of the following statements is NOT part of exhalation?

a. The ribcage contracts inward
b. The volume of the chest cavity decreases
c. The diaphragm contracts and pulls downward
d. The pressure within the chest cavity increases

______ 7. At what structures in the lungs do the exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide take place?
a. Bronchi b. Alveoli c. Bronchioles d. Trachea

______ 8. What happens to the pressure in your chest cavity when you inhale?
a. Air pressure remains the same c. Air pressure is increased
b. Air pressure is reduced d. Air pressure changes

______9. What organ in the circulatory system is responsible for pumping the blood
throughout the body?
a. Heart b. Blood vessels c. Blood d. Arteries

_____10. Which of the following blood vessels is responsible in carrying deoxygenated

blood to the heart?
a. Arteries b. Veins c. Capillaries d. All of the above

_____11. What is the main function of the blood in circulatory system?

a. Where the carbon dioxide is absorb.
b. Pumps the blood throughout the body
c. Where the exchange of gases and nutrients take place.
d. Carries the gases, nutrients and other molecules to and from the different
parts of the body.

iv
______12. Which type of circuit/ circulation is responsible for the movement of blood from
the heart to the rest of the body, excluding the lungs?
a. Pulmonary Circulation c. Systemic Circulation
b. Coronary Circulation d. Both a and c

_____13. How do the circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate blood
and oxygen throughout the body?
a. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea , bronchi, and
bronchioles.
b. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the pulmonary arteries and veins
that connect to the heart.
c. Both a and b.
d. Neither a nor b

_____14. All of the following are true about human circulatory system except _____
a. Veins have thinner walls than arteries.
b. The atria pump blood out of the heart.
c. Heart rate changes in response to our physical activity.
d. White blood cells help fight microbes that may cause diseases.

_____15. Which structures of the heart receive blood from the lower and upper parts of the
body?
a. Arteries b. Veins c. Atria d. Ventricles

v
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 Parts and Functions of the
Lesson Human Respiratory System
1
What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

Name the main parts and functions of the human respiratory system.

What’s New

Can you live without water for a few days and without food for a week? How about if
you stop breathing for more than a few minutes? Yes! You will die immediately if you stop
breathing for more than a few minutes. Remember, you can survive for several days without
water and survive for a month without food, but you cannot survive for more than 5 minutes
without oxygen. It is a part of the air that we breathe. Without this constant intake of air, the
cells of your body would die quickly. Our cells need a continuous supply of oxygen to support
its activity which supplies energy to the body. As a result of this energy-producing process,
the cells perform all the vital tasks and keep you alive.

The human respiratory system consists of organs in the body that help us to
breath. Respiration is linked to breathing. The respiratory system does two very important
things: it brings oxygen into our bodies, and gets rid of carbon dioxide.

What Is It

The Human Respiratory System

Breathe in and out. Can you hear the quiet sounds of breathing in and out? The air
that you breathe moves to the different parts of the respiratory system. These are the nose,
nasal passageways/nasal cavity, pharynx (throat), larynx(“voice box”or “Adam’s Apple”),
and trachea (windpipe) which divides into two tubes called bronchi. These tubes carry air
into each lung. Inside the lungs, the bronchi divide into tiny tubes called bronchioles. At the
end of the bronchioles are hundreds of tiny air balloons called air sacs or alveoli. A large

1
dome-shaped muscle called the diaphragm is also found under the lungs.
Perform this simple activity to name the parts of the human respiratory system.

ACTIVITY 1: Name Me
Objective: Name the parts of the human respiratory system.

Directions. Observe the drawing of the respiratory system in Figure 1. Label the parts with
the given words inside the box. Write your answer on the blank.

diaphragm nose nasal cavity pharynx lungs mouth larynx trachea

What’s More

Have you experienced having colds and you have clogged nose? What organ should
you use in breathing? Yes, it’s the mouth! Is this organ part of the respiratory system? The
mouth also known as the oral cavity, is the secondary external opening for the respiratory
tract. Normally, we breathe through the nasal cavity, but the mouth can also be used if we
have problems with the nasal cavity.
As the air enters from the nose to the nasal cavity, then to the pharynx, air moves to
the larynx. On the other hand, food has to be kept out of the larynx and this function is
carried out by the epiglottis which is a flap of tissue located at the upper end of the larynx.
When you swallow, the epiglottis partly closes the larynx where food and water move down
the esophagus.
The following are the functions of each part of the respiratory system:
 Nose --------------- the entrance of air into the body
 Nasal cavity-----it is where the air is filtered, moistened and warmed

2
  Pharynx ---------- controls the passage of air to the lungs and food (from digestion)
to the esophagus
 Larynx ------------ connects the pharynx to the trachea and contains the vocal cord.
It prevents the passage of food into the lungs.
It controls the flow of air to the lungs
 Trachea ---------- main passageway of air into the lungs
 Bronchi(bronchus)--- carry air into each lung
 Lungs ------------- They help oxygen we breathe enter the red blood cells and get rid
of carbon dioxide when we breathe out.
 Bronchioles ------ tiny tubes that connect the bronchi to the alveoli.
 Alveoli (alveolus)------- the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
 Diaphragm ----------- controls the breathing process

Do Activity 2 below to describe the functions of the human respiratory system.

ACTIVITY 2: Complete Me

Objective: Describe the function of each part of the human respiratory system.
Directions. Complete the table below by describing the function of each given part
of the human respiratory system.

Adapted from Science - Grade 9 Learner’s Module, 1st Edition, 2014

Figure 2. The human respiratory system
Parts of the Human Respiratory System Function
A. nose
B. larynx
C. lungs
D. alveoli
E. nasal cavity
F. pharynx
G. trachea
H. bronchi
I. diaphragm

3
Guide Question:

1. What will happen if one part of the system fails to carry out its function properly?

What I Have Learned

Let us check how much you have learned from our lesson.

PART A. MATCHING TYPE. Match column A with B. Write only the letter of the correct
answer on the blank provided before each number.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

____ 1. lungs A.

____ 2. trachea
B.
____ 3. bronchioles

____ 4. nose C.

____ 5. alveoli

____ 6. bronchus
D.
____ 7. diaphragm

E.

F.

G.

4
 Part B. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORDSEARCH PUZZLE

Directions. Find and encircle the vocabulary words in the puzzle below. Look for them in
all directions including backwards and diagonally and use the encircled words to answer
the statements that follow.

T A P B R O N C H I I D A
R D I H X L U N G S L I L
A A B R A A X N Y R A L V
C M S O N R R T L K O G E
H S M N P T Y H T U O M O
E E W S O E C N S Z D A L
A A N B K S H N X E K M I
Y X O Y N N E G Y X O S U
D I A P H R A G M G L T I
E B R O N C H I O L E S Y

__________ 1. It is a passage for both food (from digestion) and air.

__________ 2. It contains the vocal cord that produces sound.
__________ 3. It is also called the oral cavity that replaces the nasal cavity’s function when
needed.
__________ 4. It is known as windpipe which is the main passageway of air into the lungs.
__________ 5. The main organs of the respiratory system that help oxygen we breathe
enter the red blood cells and get rid of carbon dioxide as we breathe out.
__________ 6. A dome-shaped muscle that controls breathing.
__________ 7. They carry air into each lung.
__________ 8. It is where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place
__________ 9. Entrance of air into our body.
__________10. These are tiny tubes that connect the bronchi to the alveoli.

What I Can Do

Complete each statement using the terms from the list below. Write your answer on the
space provided.

bronchi epiglottis bronchioles larynx nose

1. We inhale air through our __________where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered.

2. The __________ which is also called the “voice box” connects the pharynx to the
trachea in the neck.
3. The trachea divides into two tubes called ________ which carry air into the lungs.
4. In the lungs, the tubes divide again until they become tiny tubes called _____.
5. A flap of tissue at the upper end of the larynx known as _________closes when you
swallow food and water and sending them to the esophagus.
(optional) Watch the video on how respiratory system works from this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTR1IsX55dc

5
 Breathing Mechanism in
Lesson
Humans
2
What’s In

In our previous discussion, you already learned about the essential parts and
functions of the human respiratory system. This time, you will learn the mechanism and
activities of the lungs and diaphragm.
As a review describe the path of oxygen through the respiratory system by filling in
the map.

The Oxygen Treasure Map

Write the path of oxygen from outside of the body to the blood stream. Place the given list of
words below inside the box .

Larynx ,Trachea , Alveoli, Nasal Cavity , Capillary, Pharynx , Bronchi, Bronchioles.

Outside
the body

1 2 3

. 6 5 4

7 8 Blood
stream

6
 What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:

 Explain how the lungs work;
 Describe how the movement of the diaphragm helps the air go in and out of the lungs.

What’s New

When Does Breathing Happen?

Have you been in a crowded place like in the gym watching intramural games? or
inside a crowded bus? You are in a hurry to get out and find a place where there are few
people so you can move freely. This situation is similar to the process that makes air move in
and out of the lungs.

Put your hands on your chest and breathe in deeply. You will feel your chest getting
bigger. Now breathe out the air, and feel your chest return to its original size. Why does your
chest move when you breathe?

As you breathe in (inhalation), your diaphragm muscle contracts and flattens out,
causing it to move downward and the rib muscles pull upward causing air to fill up the lungs.
Why is that so? When the diaphragm moves down and lifts the rib cage up causing the chest
to expand, they provide more room for air to rush in and fills your lungs. This also reduces
the force in your lungs so the air will move in from the outside. When it’s time to
exhale(breathe out), everything happens in reverse. Your diaphragm relaxes and the ribs
and lungs push in, causing the air out of the lungs.

What Is It

In this activity, you will be able to explain how lungs work, and describe how the
movement of the diaphragm helps the air go in and out of the lungs.

ACTIVITY 4: Bottled Balloons

Objectives:
 Explain how the lungs work
 Describe how the movement of the diaphragm helps the air go in and out of the lungs

7
Study the diagram below. Complete the table and answer the questions that follow.

Illustrated by: Eda J. Paragoso

Figure 4. The human breathing mechanism model

Guide Questions:
1. What does each part of the illustrated lung model represent in relation to the human
breathing system?

Parts of the lungmodel Parts of the human breathing

system
a. straw inserted on top of the bottle

b. plastic bottle

c. 2 small straws

d. 2 small balloons

e. big balloon at the bottom

2. What happens to the two small balloons inside as you pull down the big balloon at
the bottom of the model?
3. What happens to the two small balloons as you push up the big balloon at the
bottom?
4. How does the movement of the diaphragm cause the air go in and out of the lungs?
5. What might happen if you make a hole using a pointed object to any of the two small
balloons?

8
 What’s More

When you inhale or breathe in, your diaphragm muscle moves down and your chest
cavity expands. During inhalation, your ribs also move outward increasing the size of the
chest cavity. At this time your lungs have more space and less air pressure. So air from the
outside where there is higher air pressure rushes into the lungs. When you breathe out or
exhale, your diaphragm muscle moves up and the ribs move inward. Your chest cavity
returns to its original size. Your lungs now have less space and greater air pressure so the
air rushes outside where there is lower air pressure.

(optional)Watch the video “ Mechanics of Respiration”from this link

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hp-gCvW8PRY)

Directions. Fill up the missing gaps. Use the words inside the box below.

carbon dioxide heat oxygen water

deeper increases hot

When wehot exercise, our breathing rate 1.___________. We breathe faster and
2.__________. This is to get more 3.___________ to the cells of our body and get rid of
4._______________ and 5.___________. The oxygen we breathe combines with glucose to
release energy. This energy can be released as 6._________. This is why we feel 7.______
and sweaty.

What I Have Learned

The movement of your chest makes your lungs expand and contract. Your chest size
changes when you breathe because of the actions of your rib muscles and diaphragm
muscles. Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

9
Choose the correct word and write it on the space provided.

1. When you inhale ( see figure A )

a. the ribs move ________________ ( inward OR outward )
b. the diaphragm moves _____________ ( upward OR downward )
c. there is now _______________ ( more OR less ) space in the chest area
d. air rushes ________________ ( in OR out ) to fill the space

2. when you exhale ( see figure B )

a. the ribs move _______________ ( inward OR outward )
b. the diaphragm moves _____________ ( upward OR downward )
c. there is now ________________ ( more OR less ) space in the chest area
d. because of this pressure air moves ______________ ( in OR out ) of the lungs

What I Can Do

Do this activity to learn how exercise affects your breathing rate.

ACTIVITY 5: Just One Breath

Objectives:
 Describe what happens to your breathing rate after doing exercise.
 Explain why this happens.

Materials:
Stopwatch/timer
Record book/notebook

Think of this: What changes take place while you exercise? Write it down in your notebook
Procedure:
1. Sit quietly for 30 seconds.
2. Count your resting breathing rate (sitting position) for one minute.
3. Do jumping – jack for 30 seconds
4. Immediately after the jumping jacks, count your breathing rate for one minute.
5. Record your observation on the table below.

Activity Breathing rate/minute

1. Sitting position (at rest)
2. After jumping-jack

Breathing rate is the number of breaths (inhale and exhale) per minute
Guide Questions:
1. How would you differentiate your breathing rates before and after exercising?
2. When do you breathe faster? Why do you think you breathe faster during more
vigorous activities?
3. Other than exercise, what other factors do you think influence breathe/ minute? Why?

10
 Lesson
Parts and Functions of the
3 Human Circulatory System

What’s In

Your previous lesson tackled the parts and functions of human respiratory system.
In this lesson, you will learn circulatory system and how it works
together with respiratory system.
Animals, like us humans, are multicellular organisms that
need a process for transporting nutrients throughout our bodies
and even in removing wastes. The human circulatory system is
a complex network of blood vessels that reaches all parts of our
body. This network supplies the cells, tissues, and organs with
oxygen and nutrients, and eliminates carbon dioxide and waste
compounds.
The gas exchange between tissues and blood is a very
important function of the circulatory system. Your blood absorbs
oxygen and releases carbon dioxide in the lungs. With this reason,
the circulatory and respiratory system, whose function is to obtain
oxygen and discharge carbon dioxide, work with each other.
Respiratory and circulatory systems work at the same
time to supply the body with oxygen and eliminate waste such Adapted from the Science 9
Learner’s Module, 1st Edition, 2014
as carbon dioxide. Moreover, they work together perfectly by
coordinating the functions of the many parts of each system. Figure 1. The human
circulatory system

What I Need to Know

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

1. identify the major parts and functions of the circulatory system;

2. describe the different types of circulation on how they work together with respiratory
system to transport nutrients, gases and other molecules to and from the different parts of
the body.

11
 What’s New

The circulatory system or cardiovascular system is a network consisting of

blood, blood vessels, and the heart.

Below is an activity which helps you identify the components of the circulatory
system. This activity will serve as a spring board in this lesson.

Activity 1. Crossword Puzzle: Circulatory System

Objective: Identify the components of the circulatory system.
Directions. Complete the crossword puzzle below with the given first letter of each word.

1 A

2 B

3 C 4 O

5 S

6 V

7 H

8 V

ACROSS
3. a system that is made up of the
heart, blood vessels and the blood
5. movement of blood from the
heart to the rest of the body
excluding the lungs
6. pumping chambers of the heart
7. it pumps the blood throughout
the body
8. carry deoxygenated blood to the
heart
DOWN
1. largest artery
2. carries oxygen, nutrients and other
materials throughout the body
3. smallest blood vessels in the body
4. one of the materials delivered by
blood in the body
6. they are located between each of
the atrium and ventricle to prevent
blood from flowing backwards

12
 What is it?

The major parts of the circulatory system include the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

1. The Heart
The heart is made of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that allows it to act as a pump
within the circulatory system.

Adapted from the Science 9 Learner’s Module, 1st Edition, 2014

Figure 2.The major divisions of the heart

The human heart as seen in figure 2 above is about the size of your fist. It is divided
into four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The right atrium receives deoxygenated
blood through the superior vena cava, which drains blood from the head and from the veins
that come from the arms. The deoxygenated blood carries more carbon dioxide to be
expelled from the body. The inferior vena cava, drains blood from the veins that come from
the lower organs and the legs. This deoxygenated blood then passes through the right
atrium then to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve, which prevents the backflow
of blood. After it is filled, our right ventricle contracts, pumping the blood to the pulmonary
veins, through the pulmonary valve then to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium
receives the oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the pulmonary artery. This blood
passes through the bicuspid valve to the left ventricle where the blood is pumped into the
aorta through the aortic valve. The aorta is our largest artery in the body, taking oxygenated
blood to the organs and muscles of the body. The oxygenated blood carries more of
oxygen to deliver to our body tissues

Your heart pumps blood to every corner and small space in your body. The average
heart beats approximately 72 times each minute. It weighs nine to eleven ounces in females
and just an ounce or two more in males. In your lifetime, your heart will beat approximately
2.5 billion times.

Do Activity 2 to widen your understanding on the detailed parts of the human heart.

13
Activity 2: The Human Heart
Objective: Identify the parts of the heart.
Directions. Use the word bank below to label the detailed parts of the heart. Write only the
letter of the corresponding part in the box.

WORD BANK
A. inferior vena cava B. right atrium C. pulmonary artery D. aorta
E. tricuspid valve F. pulmonary veins G. left atrium
H. left ventricle I. superior19
vena cava J. right ventricle

Figure 3.The detailed parts of the heart

Guide Questions:
1. How big is the heart? What is its function?
2. How many chambers does a heart have? What are they?
3. Why are valves important?
4. Differentiate oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood.

2. The Blood Vessels

Blood vessel, as illustrated in figure 4 on the next page, is a vessel in the human
body in which blood circulates. The arteries are vessels that carry blood away from
the heart . The arterioles are the small branches of arteries. The venules are the small
branches that collect the blood from the various organs and parts of the body which unite to
form veins, which return the blood to the heart. The capillaries are minute thin-walled
vessels that connect the arterioles and venules; it is through the capillaries that nutrients and
wastes are exchanged between the blood and body tissues.

14
 Figure 4. Blood vessels in the human body

3. The Blood
Blood is essential to life. Blood circulates through our body and delivers essential
substances like oxygen and nutrients to the body’s cells. It also transports metabolic waste
products away from those same cells. There is no substitute for blood. It cannot be made or
manufactured. Generous blood donors are the only source of blood for patients in need of a
blood transfusion. There are four basic components that comprise human blood: plasma,
red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.

What’s More

TYPES OF CIRCULATION

1. Pulmonary circulation is a circuit that provides blood

flow from the heart to the lungs; and back to the
heart.

Adapted from the Science 9

Learner’s Module, 1st Edition, 2014
Figure 5. Pulmonary circulation

2. Systemic circulation is a circuit that allows blood to flow

from the heart to the rest of the body; excluding the
lungs.
Adapted from the Science 9
Learner’s Module, 1st Edition, 2014
Figure 6. Systemic circulation

3. Coronary circulation is a circuit that strictly provides

blood to the tissues of the heart.

Adapted from the Science 9 Learner’s

Module, 1st Edition, 2014
Figure 7. Coronary circulation
15
Activity 3: Coronary Circulation
Objectives: 1.Trace the flow of blood through the heart.
2.Explain how the lungs and the heart work together to transport nutrients,
gases and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body.

Directions. Using the heart diagram, label the empty boxes with the correct answers to
show the coronary circulation of the blood.

Superior Vena Cava Tricuspid Right Atrium Left Atrium Bicuspid

Pulmonary Artery Lungs Left Ventricle Aorta Right Ventricle

1. ______________ 3.__________ 4.
2.
Inferior vena cava valve

Pulmonary
valve

5.

rest of the body 6.

Pulmonary
veins

10. 9. 8._______ 7.

valve

Figure 8. Circulation of blood through the heart

Guide Question:
1. Based on the diagram above, explain how the lungs and the heart work together to
transport nutrients, gases and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body.

16
 What I Have Learned

Activity 4. Organize Me!

Objectives: 1. Identify the components of the circulatory system.

2. Describe the different types of circulation.
Directions. Using the given concept map, fill in the missing parts, description, and functions
to complete the entire concept.

1 2
Blood
Vessel

3
Pumps the blood Carries
throughout the the materials
body throughout the body

4 5 6

7
8
S Systemic Circulation
Circulation
9 10
Movement of blood
through the tissues
of the heart
Adapted from Science 9 Learner’s Module 1st Edition, 2014.

Figure 9. Circulatory System Concept Map

17
 What I Can Do

Have you ever heard of any problem that can arise with the respiratory and
circulatory systems? For this part of the lesson you need to visit your barangay health
center and interview the barangay health officer about records of any barangay constituents
having problems with breathing or some illnesses caused by malfunctioning of one part of
the respiratory and circulatory systems. Make a powerpoint presentation or provide picture
and short description of the disease or illness.
Cite some cause/s of such illness/es. List also some tips to take good care of your
respiratory and circulatory systems.
Note: If your barangay is still in quarantine, you may ask/request help from your elder brother
or sister or your parents/guardians to visit the barangay health center to get the records.

18
Summary
 Respiratory system is made up of the organs in the body that help us to breath.

 Air enters the body through the nose, nasal passages/nasal cavity, pharynx (throat),
larynx (voice box) and then through the trachea (windpipe) which divides into two
tubes called bronchi. These tubes carry air into each lung. Inside the lungs, the
bronchi divide into tiny tubes called bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles are
hundreds of tiny air balloons called air sacs or alveoli. A large dome-shaped muscle
called the diaphragm is found under the lungs.

 During inhalation, the diaphragm muscle contracts and during exhalation, the
diaphragm muscle relaxes.

 The circulatory system or cardiovascular system is said to be our life support

structure that nourishes our cells with nutrients from the food we eat and oxygen from
the air we breathe

 The three major parts of the circulatory system with their roles are:
o Heart–pumps the blood throughout the body
o Blood vessel – carries the blood throughout the body
Types:
 Arteries-carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the cells,
tissues and organs of the body
 Veins –carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
 Capillaries -the smallest blood vessels in the body,connecting
the smallest arteries to the smallest veins
-the actual site where gases and nutrients are exchanged
o Blood– carries the materials throughout the body

 There are three types of circulation namely:

1. Pulmonary circulationis a circuit that provides bloodflow from the heart to the
lungs; and back to the heart.
2. Systemic circulation- is a circuit that allows blood to flow from the heart to the rest
of the body; excluding the lungs
3. Coronary circulation is a circuit that strictly provides blood to the tissues of the heart.

The circulatory and respiratory systems work together to circulate blood and oxygen
throughout the body. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea, bronchi, and
bronchioles. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the pulmonary arteries and veins
that connect to the heart. Moreover, they work together through absorbing oxygen from the
air and transfer it to all parts of the body while absorbing carbon dioxide from the body
and releasing it into the air.

19
 Assessment: (Post-Test)

I. Match each term in Column A with the description in Column B. Write the letter of the
correct answer on the space provided.

Column A Column B
_______ 1.air sacs a. breathing in
_______ 2.exhaling b. tubes connecting the lungs
_______ 3.capillaries c. where gas is exchanged
_______ 4.inhaling
d. breathing out
_______ 5.bronchi
e. surround the air sacs
II. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read and answer the questions in the best way you can. Write the
letter of your answer on the space provided before each number.

_______ 1. All of the following actions are part of exhalation EXCEPT ________.
A. the rib cage contracts inward
B. the volume of the chest cavity decreases
C. the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward
D. the pressure within the chest cavity increases

_______ 2. Which of these statements DOES NOT describe the trachea?

A. it is also called the voice box
B. It carries air to and from the lungs
C. Its lower end branches into smaller tubes
D. It contains rings of cartilage that prevent it from collapsing

_______ 3. Which of the following statements about the circulatory system is false?
A. Pumps the blood with the oxygenated red blood cells from the lungs via
the arteries throughout the body.
B. Absorbs oxygen from the air and transfer it to all parts of the body.
C. Supplies tissues in the body with oxygen and other nutrients, transports
hormones, and removes unnecessary waste products.
D. To transport carbon dioxide to the body's cells and carry away oxygen from
the cells

_______ 4. From what source do cells get their food?

A. Blood B. Oxygen C. Carbon dioxide D. Other cells

_______ 5. Which type of blood vessels carries blood away from the heart?
A. Veins B. Arteries C. Capillaries D. All of the above

_______ 6. Why is oxygen important to blood and to the cells?

A. Oxygen helps the blood to clot.
B. Oxygen is necessary for cell growth and energy.
C. Oxygen brings food to the cells.
D. Oxygen is not important -- carbon dioxide is the most
important substance to the body.

20
_______ 7. What is the main function of the blood in circulatory system?
A. Pumps the blood throughout the body
B. Where the carbon dioxide is absorbed.
C. Where the exchange of gases and nutrients take place.
D. Carries the gases, nutrients and other molecules to and from the different
parts of the body

_______ 8.Which type of circuit/ circulation is responsible for the movement of blood from
the heart to the lungs and back to the heart?
A. Pulmonary Circulation C. Systemic Circulation
B. Coronary Circulation D. All of the above

_______ 9.Which type of circuit/ circulation is responsible for the movement of blood through
through the tissues of the heart?
A. Pulmonary Circulation C. Systemic Circulation
B. Coronary Circulation D. All of the above

_______ 10.How do circulatory system and respiratory systems work together?

A. Air moves in and out of the lungs through the trachea , bronchi, and
bronchioles.
B. Blood moves in and out of the lungs through the pulmonary arteries and veins
that connect to the heart.
C. The circulatory and respiratory systems work together through absorbing
oxygen from the air and transfer it to all parts of the body while absorbing
carbon dioxide from the body and releasing it into the air.
D. All of the above.

21
Key to Answers

22
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References

Lourdes R.Carale, E.RGalvez, and R.L.Reyes.Science and Technology for a Better Life
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John Donnie A. Ramos. Exploring Life Through Science The New Grade 9. (Quezon City:
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Science-

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