NAME:____________________________________________DATE SUBMITTED:________________________

COURSE/YR& BLK:_________________________________DAYS/TIME SCHEDULE:____________________

ACTIVITY 3

FLOWERS AND INFLORESCENCES

I- OBJECTIVE
 The purpose of this activity is to familiarize with general plant morphology and anatomy
 To describe the different types of flowers such as monocot or dicot, inflorescence, corolla
types, color, essential parts.

II- MATERIALS:
 10 different kinds of flowers/10 different types of inflorescence
 Scissor /Cutter
 Marker
 Data sheet
 Camera

III- PROCEDURE:
1. Collect 10 different kinds of flowers. Use scissor or cutter.
2. Examine the specimens you collect, be sure to note the differences of the flowers sample
species and the inflorescences.
3. Additionally you should be able to identify and briefly characterize those structures/features.
4. Examine each specimens

FLOWERS

Flower is special part of the plant. Flowers are also called the bloom or blossom of plant. Flowers have
petals. Inside the part of the flower that has petals are the parts which produce pollen and seeds.

Flowers importance in nature is everywhere-they can feed insects, birds, animals and humans; provide
natural medicines for humans and some animals, and aid in plants reproduction by enticing outside pollinators.
Without flowers, plants would merely be green and the world be a duller place.

Flower is a modified twig adapted primarily for reproduction, which ultimately forms the fruit and seed.

A-FLORAL PARTS

A typical complete flower is composed of the following parts.

1. Sepals –they are usually green leaf-like structure which form the outermost floral whorl. The sepals are
collectively known as the calyx.
2. Petals - They form a whorl next to the sepals. Brightly colored petals attract insects. All petals constitute the
corolla. Sepals and petals together form the floral envelope or perianth.
3. Stamens- These are the male reproductive parts of the flower and are located next to the petals. Each
stamen consists of a filament (stalk) and an anther where the pollen grains are formed. Collectively, the
stamens constitute the androecium.
4. Pistil – This is the female reproductive part; it occupies the central part of the flower. Each pistil consists of
a swollen basal part, the ovary ; a slender structure above the ovary

 Number of flower parts:

a. Dicotyledonous- the flower parts re in 4’s or 5’s or in multiples of four and five;
b. Monocotyledonous –the flower parts are in 3s or in multiple of 3.

 Inflorescences
 An inflorescence, is a flowering stem. The term is most used for a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a
stem. There are several kinds of inflorescences; the following are common types.
1. Spike –an inflorescence with an elongated peduncle or axis. The individual flowers are without
stalks, and are said to be sessile.
Ex: ikmo-ikmuhan, black pepper, bottle brush
2. Raceme –The elongated axis is unbranched. The flowers are provided with stalks or pedicles of
equal lengths, and are called pedicellate flowers.
BIO3L- SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY
ACTIVITY #3-FLOWER& INFLORESCENCES
PREPARED BY: MRRT-MATBio
 Ex: gladiola
3. Panicle-the elongated axis is branched. Flowers are pedicellate, opening all at the same time.
Ex: rice, tigbi
4. Umbel- the axis is short so that all the pedicellate flowers radiate from the apex of the axis.
Ex: Japanese bamboo, anis
5. Spadix- A fleshy spike bearing both male and female flowers, surrounded by a petaloid bract
called the spathe.
Ex: Anthurium, Spthiphyllum, gabi, pongapong
6. Corymb – it has a more or less flat or convex top because the pedicels bearing the outer, older
flowers are longer than those at the center.
Ex: Caballero
7. Catkin or ament –this inflorescence is special type of spike which is hanging or drooping.
Ex:Copper plant, chenille plant.
8. Cyme – this inflorescence is similar to a corymb except that the inner pedicellated flowers open
first.
Ex: jasmin, santan, shanghai beauty
9. Fascicle- the pedicelled or sessile flowers are crowded at one side of the stem.
Ex: bird of paradise
10. Head or capitate- it is similar to umbel but the flowers are sessile. Usually the flowers are of two
kinds: the disc flowers at the center and the ray flowers at the margin.

 ESSENTIAL PARTS
 The essential parts of the flower are the reproductive parts (androecium or gynoecium). There are
2 groups of flowers based on their essential parts:
a. Perfect flowers –have both female and male essential parts.
b. Imperfect flowers –lack one of these essential parts.

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES

BIO3L- SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY

ACTIVITY #3-FLOWER& INFLORESCENCES
PREPARED BY: MRRT-MATBio
COROLLA TYPES

BIO3L- SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY

ACTIVITY #3-FLOWER& INFLORESCENCES
PREPARED BY: MRRT-MATBio
TABLE

Monocot

Dicot
NAME OF FLOWER Inflorescence Corolla types Color Essential parts

BIO3L- SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY

ACTIVITY #3-FLOWER& INFLORESCENCES
PREPARED BY: MRRT-MATBio
 TOTAL RESULT

IV-ANALYSIS

Interpret the data result of the flowers:

1. What are the importance of flowers?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

2. How do you think flowers exist and evolved on earth?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

V-CONCLUSION

BIO3L- SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY

ACTIVITY #3-FLOWER& INFLORESCENCES
PREPARED BY: MRRT-MATBio
REFERENCES:

BIO3L- SYSTEMATICS LABORATORY

ACTIVITY #3-FLOWER& INFLORESCENCES
PREPARED BY: MRRT-MATBio