POINTERS IN LEA 103 (MIDTERM)

ESSENTIALS QUALITIES OF SECURITY GUARD

1. Alertness

2. Judgment

3. Confidence

4. Physical fitness

5. Tactfulness

6. Self-control

7. Interest, loyalty, responsible and trustworthy

TYPES OF GUARD FORCES

1. Private Security Agency (PSA)

⮚ contracts, recruits, trains, and post security guard to a business  firms

2. Company Security Force (CSF)

⮚ maintained and operated by any private company or  corporation

3. Government Security Unit (GSU)

⮚ operated by any government entity other than military and / a  police

General Techniques of PSI

1. Background Investigation (BI) - this technique is very expensive but  necessary in personnel
security. It serves to verify information on the  application form and to obtain other information
pertinent to the decision to  employ.

a. Partial Background investigation

b. Complete background investigation

2. Positive Vetting- is the process of inspecting or examining with careful thoroughness. The
essence of vetting that it is a personal interview conducted under stress. It is based on
information previously given by the applicant. Other information issued during the interview,
such as those discovered in the BI, which confirms or denies this given by the applicant.

3. Profiling- is the process whereby a subject’s reaction in a future critical situation is predicted
by observing his behavior, or by interviewing him, or analyzing his responses to a questionnaire,
such as an honesty test. The Reid Report is an example of honesty test.  

4. Deception Detection Techniques - this a process of using devices in detecting deception

during the interview stage. This includes the use of a Polygraph, Psychological Stress Evaluator
and Voice Analyzer. 

5. Financial and Lifestyle Inquiry- this type of investigation seeks to gather  information on
income and mode of living, sometimes referred to as the earning to-debt ratio. 

6. Undercover Investigation- this is the placement of an agent in a role in  which the agent’s
true identity and role remains unknown, in order to obtain  information for criminal prosecution
or for recovery or limitation of asset losses.

7. Exit Interview- this is a valuable tool because it gives departing employees an opportunity to
list grievances.

TYPES OF LICENSES IN THE SECURITY PROFESSION UNDER RA 5487

1. License to Operate

2. Security Guard License

3. Firearms license

Scope of Personnel Security

1. Personnel Security Investigation (PSI) 

2. Security Education

SECURITY EDUCATION

❑ Conducted to develop security awareness among employees of the company. 

❑ It should cover all employees regardless of rank or position.

Phases of Security Education Program

1. Initial interview- first contact wherein the interviewer determine the suitability of the
applicant. 

2. Orientation and Training- detailed presentation of personnel security policy.  Handouts and
manual are being distributed for reference.

3. Refresher Conference- remind responsibilities, review guidelines and policies, introduction

of new policies. 

4. Security Reminders- indirect approach of educating the employees such as posting security

posters & distributing fliers.

5. Security Promotion – emphasizing the importance and role of security achieving the
company goals and objectives.

Types of Personnel Security Investigation (PSI)

1. National Agency Check (NAC). – made upon the basis of written information supplied by him
in response to official inquiry, and by  reference to appropriate national agencies. Ex: NICA,
NBI, ISAFP or CIDG  etc. 

2. Local Agency Check (LAC) – written inquiries sent to appropriate local  government
agencies, former employees, references and schools listed  by the person under investigation.
The local agencies normally check besides the past employment, schools and references

PERSONNEL SECURITY

□ designed to prevent unsuitable individuals from gaining access to classified matter or to any 

security facility, and to prevent appointment, or  retention

WHAT IS PERSONNEL SECURITY INVESTIGATION?

□ an inquiry into the character, moral, reputation, integrity, discretion and loyalty of individual in
order to determine a person’s suitability to be given security clearance.
Two (2) Types of Personnel Identification

1. Personal recognition – familiarity of the person’s characteristics. 

2. Artificial recognition- identification cards, passes, passwords, etc. 

■ Use of Pass System

⮚ Single pass system - the badge or pass coded for authorization to enter  specific areas is
issued to an employee who keeps it in his possession until his  authorization is terminates.

⮚ Pass exchange system - an exchange takes place at the entrance of each controlled area. Upon
leaving the personnel surrenders his badge or passes and retrieve back his basic identification.

⮚ Multiple pass system - this provides an extra measure of security by requiring that an
exchange take place at the entrance of each restricted area.

11 GENERAL ORDERS

1. To take charge of the post and all  company property in view and to protect/preserve the same
with utmost  diligence.

(Pangasiwaan ng buong husay ang pangangalaga  ng pook o kumpanyang binabantayan, pati na

ang  lahat ng ari-arian)

2. To walk in an alert manner during my tour of duty and observe everything within sight  or
hearing.

(Lumakad nang laging handa at magmasid at making nang mabuti sa anumang nangyayari sa
paligid.)

3. To report all violations of regulations or orders i aminstructed to enforce.

(Gumawa ng report tungkol sa mga katiwalian  laban sa mga kautusang itinuro sa aking  dapat
ipatupad)

4. To relay all calls from post more distant from the guard house where i am station. (Ipaalam
lahat ng tawag mula sa malayo kaysa sa  aking bahay-tanod)

5. To quit my post only when properly relieved.

(Lisanin ang aking kinatatalagahan pagkatapos  mahalinhan nang maayos)

6. To receive, obey and pass to the relieving  guard all orders from the company officials, 
officers in the agency, supervisor, post in  charge of shift leaders.

(Tanggapin, sundin at ipagbigay-alam sa aking  kahalilingtanod ang lahat na utos ng pinuno at 
opisyal ng kumpanya, supervisor, post in charge  or shift leader)

7. To talk to no one except in the line of  duty.

(Huwag makipag-usap kanino man habang  nakatalaga maliban lamang hinggil sa tungkulin)

8. To sound or call the alarm in case of fire  or disorder.

(Magbabala kung may sunog o gulo)

9. To call the superior officer in any case not  covered by the instructions.

(Ipagbigay alam sa nakakataas na opisyal kung  may anumang bagay na hindi nasasaklaw ng
mga  tagubilin)

10. To salute all company officials, officers of  the agency, ranking public officials and  officers
of the AFP and PNP.

(Sumaludo sa mga pinuno ng kumpanya,  ahensya, gobyerno at opisyal ng Philippine  National

Police o PNP)

11. To be especially watchful at night and  during the time of challenge all person on or  near my
post and to allow no one to pass or  loitering without proper authority. (Maging mahigpit na
mapagmasid lalo na sa gabi  at maselang panahon, usisaing mabuti kung sino  ang bawat
nakapaligid o malapit sa aking  pinagtatanuran, at huwag pahintulutang  makaraan ang
sinumanang walang pahintulot.)