CHAPTER 12

SECURITY PERSONNEL

Learning Objectives

At the end of this chapter, the student will be able to:

• Define private security guard

• Enumerate the types of security guard and their advantages and disadvantages:

• Enumerate the general functions of a security guard;

• Explain the categories of private security training:

• Enumerate the qualifications, fanctions and attributes of security personnel, security guards,
security officers, security consultants and private detectives;

• Explain the powers and duties of security guards;

• Enumerate the functions of a private detective and the security supervisor

• Enumerate the desirable qualities of security guards and security supervisors; and

• Explain the provisions of the Private Security Agency Law in terms of the organization,
management, operations, limitations and prohibitions, and administrative sanctions to private
security agencies.

SECURITY PERSONNEL

A private security guard is sometimes called a watchman. It is person who offers or riders
personal Service to watch or secure residence. business establishment or building, compound,
areas Or property, He is usually tasked to inspect/monitor, bodily check/ Search individuals
and /or baggage. He also does other forms of security Spection physically/ manually or
scientifically/electronically.
Types of Security Guard

1. Company Guard Force

This is the security guard recruited and employed by the company. They are in the company
payroll and entitled to the same benefits received by other employees. Recruitment of company
guard is the same as that of other employees requiring pre-employment checks, clearances, and
submissions of pertinent documents. Those selected get their license from PNP-SOSIAbefore
they undergo security guard training prior to assumption of duties.

2. Security Agency Service

A security guard belonging to privately license dmagency. Agency guards are provided on a
contractual basis. The agency supplies the number of guards needed to carry out the security
duties and functions required. This may include supervision as part of the force, or if the force is
small, supervision may be done by scheduled visits.

3. Government Guard Forces.

A security guard recruited and employed by the government, He is assigned to guard government
installation and other government assets. He is entitled to all benefits received by other
government employees, and under the control and supervision of Civil Service Commission
(CSC),

Advantages and Disadvantages of Company Guard versus Agency Guard

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

Company •High caliber and receives higher wages • Maybe required to join guard union
guard
•Provides better service •Cost more

•Can be trained to handle some of the •Problem of ensuring of back up

more complex security duties. personnel

•Less turn over

•More familiar with facilities they

protect.

•Tend to be more loyal with the

company.
 Agency •Less expensive • Lack of training
guard
•Use in convenient •Low caliber employee

•Less administrative and personnel •No loyalty to the company

problem
•Projects poor image
•Agency assumes full responsibility for
scheduling and supervising of all guard •Large turn over
personnel
•No familiar with Facilities
• Can easily obtain extra guard if
needed

•Agency usually accepts liability of

civil suits

General Functions of a Security Guard

The duties of security guards vary depending on the catego of installations , facilities ,
establishments , location , social condition and some other factors . Nevertheless , duties
assigned to guards a outlined in the installation program which includes the following :
1. Enforce company rules and regulations
2. Operate and enforce the " personnel identification system "
3. Patrol and observe designated areas , perimeter , structures , installation
4. Take into custody a person attempting or giving unauthorized access in restricted , limited and
controlled areas
5. Check rooms , buildings , storage rooms of security interest and after working hours , check
proper locking of doors and gates
6 . Perform escort duties when required
7. Respond to protective alarm signals or other indications suspicious activities and emergencies
8. Safeguard equipment and material against sabotage , unauthorized access , loss , theft or
damage
9. Act quickly in situations affecting the security of installation and personnel to fire accidents ,
internal disorder , attempts to commit criminal acts
10. Control and regulate vehicle and personnel traffic within the compound as well as parking of
vehicle
11. Other duties that is necessary in the security guard's function

Categories of Private Security Training

1. Pre-Licensing Training Programs
As a matter of license prerequisite, Pre-Licensing Training Programs include all training and
academic programs and courses whose objective is indoctrinate the individual with the basic
skills and educational backgrounds necessary in the effective exercise and performance of his/her
elected/would be security detective profession. It includes but not limited to the Basic Security
Guards Course; the Security Officers Training Course, Private Security Agency Operators
Training/Seminat. and Private Security Training the Trainer's Course,

2. Refresher Training Programs

This shall refer to periodic and non-periodic training programs and courses designed with the
objective of reinvigorating and/or developing basic skills, and knowledge gained previously or
gained while in the exercise of his/her profession as a matter of experience, to enhance current
in- service and future individual and/or collective exercise of profession. This includes mandated
periodic in-service training to be initiated by employer/security agencies which is further a
prerequisite for the renewal of individual professional security licenses. It includes but is not
limited to the periodic Re-Training Course, Basic Security Supervisory Course, and Security
Supervisor Development Course.
3. Specialized Training Programs
This shall refer to training program and courses other than those prescribed in the preceding
categories designed at developing previously-gained skills and knowledge designed at
augmenting or expanding current skills and knowledge and/ or designed at developing current
skills and knowledge to suit identified future applications. It includes but is not limited to such
courses as the Intelligence/Investigator Training Course, Basic Crises Management Course.
Personal/VIP Protection Course, Bank and Armored Training Course, Basic Aviation Security
Course, Mall/Commercial Establishment Course.
Qualifications, Functions and Attributes
1. Qualifications of a Security Personnel
a. Filipino citizen
b. Not less than 18 years old
c. Must be physically and mentally fit
d. Must have taken private security course/seminar and/or must have adequate training or
experience in security business or rendering security/ detective services
e. Of good moral character and must not have been convicted or any crime or violation of these
rules and regulations carrying a penalty of prohibition to be licensed
2. Qualifications of a Security Guard
a. Filipino citizen
b. High school graduate
c. Physically and mentally fit
d. Not less than 18 years old and no more than 50 years old
e. Has undergone a pre-licensing training course or its equivalent
3. Qualifications of a Security Officer
a. Filipino citizen
b. Physically and mentally fit
c. Holder of a baccalaureate degree
d. Has graduated from a Security Officer Training course or its equivalent
4. Qualifications of Security Consultants
a. Filipino citizen
b. Physically and mentally fit
c. Holder of a Master's degree in any of the following disciplines: Criminology, Public
Administration, MNSA, Industrial Security Administration, or Law
d. Must have a minimum experience of ten years in the operation and management of security
business
5. Qualifications of a Private Detective
a. Filipino citizen
b. Physically and mentally fit
c. Holder of a baccalaureate degree, preferably Bachelor of Laws or Bachelor of Science in
Criminology
d. Graduate of a Criminal Investigation course offered by the PNP or NBI or any police training
school, or a detective training in any authorized/recognized training center e. Avarice
ROTC/CMT graduate or equivalent
Powers and Duties of Security Guard
1. Territorial Power
A security guard shall watch and secure the property of the person, firm or establishment with
whom he or his agency has a contract for security services. Such services shall not extend
beyond the property of compound of said person, firm or establishment except when required by
the latter in accordance with the terms of their contract to escort, or in hot pursuit of criminal
offenders.

2. Arrest by Security Guard

A security guard or private detective is not a police officer and is not, therefore, clothed with
police authority. Nevertheless, he may effect arrest under any of the following circumstances.
a. When, in his presence, the person to be arrested has committed, is actually committing, or
attempting to commit an offense;
b. When an offense has just been committed and he has probable cause to believe based on
personal knowledge of facts and circumstances that the person to be arrested has committed it;
and
c. When the person to be arrested is a prisoner who has escaped from a penal establishment or
place where he is serving final judgment or temporarily confined while his case is pending or has
escaped while being transferred from one confinement to another (Section 6, Rule 113, Rule of
Court)
3. Method of Arrest
When making an arrest, the watchman, security guard or private detective, shall inform the
person to be arrested of the intention to arrest him and cause of the arrest, unless the person to be
arrested is then engaged in the commission of an offense or after an escape or flees or forcibly
resists before the person making the arrest has opportunity so to inform him or when the giving
of such information will imperil the arrest.

4. Duty of Security Guard Making Arrest

Any guard making arrest shall immediately turn over the person arrested to the nearest peace
officer, police outpost or headquarters for custody and/or appropriate action, or he may without
necessary delay and within the time prescribed in Article 125 of the Revised Penal Code, as
amended, take the person arrested to the proper Court of Law or judge for such action as they
may deem proper to take.

5. Search without Warrant

Any security guard may, incident to the arrest, search the person so arrested in the presence of at
least two witnesses. He may search employees of the person, firm or establishment with which
he in or his agency has a contract of private detective, watchman, or security services, when such
search is required by the very nature of the business of the person, firm or establishment.

6. Duty to Assist the Law Enforcers

Any security guard shall be duty bound to assist any peace officer in the pursuit if his bounding
duty, when requested, provided it is within the territorial jurisdiction of his (security officer) area
of duty.

Function of a private detective

1. Background Investigation
2. Locating missing person
3. Conduct surveillance work
4. Other detective work as may become subject matter of contract between the agency and it's
clients. Except not contrary to law, public order, public policy, public morale and good custom.

Function of security supervisor from security guard's point of view.

1. Authority
2. Evluator
3. Trainer
4. Disciplinarian
5. Communicator
6. Father figure

Function of security supervisor from the management point of view

1. Trainer
2. Communicator
3. Overseer
4. Evaluator
5. Motivator
6. Investigator
7. Reporter
8. Promoter
9. Good example
10. A person who is personally committed in the organization

Duties during strikes and lockouts

1. All private security personnel indirect confrontation with strikers, marchers or demonstrators
shall not carry firearms. They may at best, carry only night sticks (batuta) which may or may not
be provided with tear gas canister and dispensers. Private security personnel of strike-bound
establishment not in direct confrontation with the strikers may carry in the usual prescribed
manner their issued firearms.

2. Private security personnel shall avoid direct contact, either physically or otherwise, with the
strikers.

3. Private security personnel shall stay only within the perimeter of the installation which they
are protecting at all times.

4. Private security personnel, in protecting and securing the assets and persons of their clients,
shall only use suffecient and reasonable force necessary to overcome the risk or danger posed by
strikers or hostile crowds.

5. Private security personnel shall refrain from abetting or assisting acts of managent leading to
physical clash of forces labor and management. These Hostile acts include breaking of the strike,
smuggling in of scabs and preventing strikers from conducting peaceful pickets.
6. Private security personnel shall not enforce the provisions of the revised labor code pertaining
to atrikers/lockout.

7. Private security personnel on duty must at all times be in complete uniform with their names
and agency's name shown on their shirts above the breast pockets.

Attributes of security guard/private detective

1. Honesty
2. Presence of mind
3. Moral courage
4. Reliability and dependability
5. Endurance
6. Calmness
7. Trustworthiness
8. Ability
9. Attitude
10. Courtesy
11. Discipline
12. Interest
13. Loyalty
14. Devotion
15. Dedication.

Desirable qualities of security guard

Many of the qualities of the guard are developed through training and experience. A good trait
learned and used over again and again becomes "instinctive" or habitual. Willingness to learn for
self-improvement is indeed a quality in self much desired by any individual for any activity. Of
the many qualities the following are considered essential.

1. Alertness - this is a desirable quality of security guard as it determines his effectiveness; is

must be therefore developed by everyone desiring to become a security guard. Alertness means
spotting a violator - a person, a vehicle or an incident. Little things can mean a lot in security
work and the alert security guard can spell the defference. Alertness can only be attained by
watchfulness, dedication amd diligence.

2. Judgement - sound and good judgment is more than the use of common sense. It is the arriving
at wise and timely decision. This process involves mental comparison of an unfamiliar present
situation with a similar one of known values and relationship. With careful discrimination in the
process of elimination the formulated decision will most likely sound. When the guard cannot
decide, as covered in the general instruction, he should call his supervisor or security
headquarters.

3. Confidence - It is the state of being sure, a state of mind free from doubt of misgivings, this
attribute includes faith in oneself and in his abilities; which is attained by job knowledge.
Confidence can be acquired, thus, an effective guard must have confidence in himself, his
supervisors, his hard wares, and the member of this team. Thorough and proper training plus
good supervision instill confidence.

4. Physical fitness - security guard work is tremendous and demnding. In the protection of plant
even the guard's life may depend on his physical fitness. Training in techniques in unarmed
defense like judo and karate, and physical conditioning is essential if he is to be dependable
security guard.

5. Tactfulness - a security guard's ability to deal with others successfully without offending is
tactfulness. To have authority and reponsibilities without manifesting superiority and "over-
bigness" is real tact. A tactful security guard must be able to give instruction clearly, concisely
and authoritatively without arrogance. In short, he can be firm but pleasant.

6. Self-control - It is the ability to take holds oneself regardless of provoking situations. A

security guard must have sound judgment and tact, but without self-control, he become personal
and the situation will go out of hand. A security guard should be curt and not discuss with an
offender. With self-control, the security guard will perform his work without being angry and the
situation will be well on hand.

Desirable qualities of security supervisor

The security supervisor must win the confidence of his men in rallying their abilities to execute
the plans and progtams. Qualities that tend to influence leadership confidence are the following:

1. Physical and Nervous energy - It is impossible to be a supervisor unless one possesses an

adequate amount of physical and nervous energy to permit him to take an active interest
in his work.
2. Sense of purpose and direction - any good supervisory leader will have in his mind a
definite purpose which he hopes to achieve, he will then direct all his energy towards
 reaching the goal.

3. Enthusiasm - No person can succeed without enthusiasm. An enthusiastic man loves

his work and enjoys performing it.
Desirable Qualities of Security Supervisor

The security supervisor must win the confidence of his men in rallying their abilities to
execute the plans and programs. Qualities that lend to influence leadership confidence are the
following;
1. Physical and Nervous Energy – It is impossible to be a supervisor unless one
possesses an adequate amount of physical and nervous energy to permit him to take an active
interest in his work.
2. Sense of Purpose and Direction – Any good supervisory leader will have in his mind a
definite purpose which he hopes to achieve, he will then direct all his energy toward reaching
the goal.
3. Enthusiasm – No person can succeed without enthusiasm. An enthusiastic man loves
his work and enjoys performing it.
4. Friendliness and Affection – A supervisor must have these two qualities to
successfully lead his subordinates. They will follow his example and the organization will be
well on the way to success.
5. Integrity – Every leader should have this quality. Without the leader’s integrity, the
followers most likely falter and later desert their leader.
6. Decisiveness – A supervisor should be decisive. He should be responsible enough to
make the decision in the midst of pressure from both sides.
7. Technical Mastery – A capable supervisor is someone who has skills and knowledge
that are necessary for his job.
8. Intelligence – The supervisor as leader must have enough knowledge to do his job.
9. Teaching Skills – A leader should be able to teach his men what exactly that he wants
to be done.
10. Faith – He must have faith with his capability. He must have faith with his superiors
and the capability of those under him.

Basis for Disqualifications

Below are the situations or behavior that would disqualify an individual to become a
security guard or private detective.
 1. Dishonorable dismissal or discharge without honor from PNP, AFP, government entity or
government owned or controlled corporation.
2. Mental incompetence
3. Addiction to the use of narcotic drugs
4. Habitual drunkenness
5. Election or appointment in the government whose position maybe called upon to
enforce or implement the provision of RA 5487 as amended and the rules and regulations of
the Philippine National Police.
6. Conviction of any crime involving moral turpitude.

Grounds for Cancellation of Security Guard License

1. Assisting or protecting criminal during, or off duty status;
2. Providing confidential information to unauthorized person.
3. Posted security guard found drunk or drinking intoxicating liquor; and
4. Other similar acts;

Private Security Agency Law (RA 5487 as amended)

Below are the specific amended provisions of Republic Act No. 5487 as amended.

A. Organization
 •Section 4 (as amended). Who May Organized a Security or Watchman Agency
Qualifications of an agency operator
- Filipino citizens or corporation with 100% Filipino Capital
- At least 25 years of age
- College graduate and/ or a commissioned officer of the AFP in the inactive service
- Of good moral character
Disqualifications:
- With record of conviction of any crime involving moral turpitude
- Dishonorably discharged or separated from the AFP
- Mentally competent
- Drug addict
- Habitual drunkard and alcoholic
- Elective or appointive government employees
- Dummy of any foreigner
 •Section 16 (as amended). Limitations and Prohibitions
Organizational Structure of Private Security Agency/Company Security Services,
Government Security Units
- Initial requirements of 100 guards shall be contracted during the first year of operation
- The 200 guards minimum requirements shall be compiled in the succeeding year of
operation
- Company security forces shall substantially conform with the organization structure as
prescribed for government security units
•Main/Branch Offices of PSAs
- Branch offices to be established and maintained in other provinces and cities where at
least a minimum of 10 guards are employed during the first year
- Branch offices to be registered with Regional PADPAO and Regional PROs

B. Management
•Licenses Required for Security Personal (RA 5487,Sections 4 and 5 as amended and
implemented in Section 1,2,3 or Rule ll and of NIRR)
Private Security/Detective Agency,RA 5487)
- License to operate by the Civil Security Group,PNP(Sections 6,7 & 9,RA 5487),
- Registration with the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Registration with the Bureau of Documents and Department of Trade and Industry
(DTI)
- Mayor's permit from the local government where the agency is operating or having
business
- Barangay permit
Private Security Consultants, Managers/Operators, Security Officers , Private Detectives and
Private Security Guards
- License to experience Profession by PNP SOSIA, Civil Security Group ,PNP
- Appreciate Mandatory clearances
Mandatory Requirements for Private Security/Detective Agencies
- Business Office
- Firearms vault
- Organizational Chart,to be displayed openly in the office
- PNP Civil Security Group/SOSIA license to operate,to be openly displayed in the office

- Business permit from the local government , to be displayed in the office

- Filing Cabinets
- Minimum of at least 30 new firearms for temporary license/70 firearms for regular
license
- List of a minimum of 200 and a minimum of 1000 posted guards
- SSS membership certificate
- Surety Bond
- Submission of periodic reports to PNP SOSIA
Uniform, Equipment and Paraphernalia
- Uniform for male guards (Section 14,RA 5487 and Section 1, Rule Vl,NIRR)
- Uniform for female guards (Section 14,RA 5487 and Section 2, Rule Vl,NIRR)
 - Ornaments and Patches (Section 3, Rule Vl, NIRR)
- Special Set of Uniform (Section 3, Rule Vl, NIRR)

Basic Equipment
The following shall comprise of the Basic Equipment of a security guard:
- Prescribed basic uniform
- Nightstick/baton
- Timepiece (synchronized)
- Writing pen
- Notebook and duty checklist (electronic or not)
- Flashlight
- First Aid Kit
- Service Firearms (as required)

Other Equipment
Apart from the mandatory basic equipment , other equipment may be used by the security
guard as deemed necessary , following client contract requirement, and provide that the
security guard shall have acquired the prior training/knowledge on the proper use on the
same but not limited to the following :
- Handcuffs
- Metal detectors
- Communication radios
- stun devices
- Armor vest
- Canine (k-9) units
Electronic and/or communication devices requiring registration under the jurisdiction of
other government agencies shall be complied with prior to insurance for use of the security
guard .
Live units such as k-9(dogs) shall require prior training confirmation and registration with
the PNP before utilization by any security agency purposely to ensure truthful employment
versus client requirements or purpose of operation.

C. Operations
• Supervisory powers of the Philippines National Police (Section 11,RA 5487 as amended by
RA 6975).
• Emergency powers of the chief PNP over private security /detective agencies (Sec. 11,RA
5487).
In case of emergency as in time of disaster or calamities, the chief PNP may deputies any
private detective , watchman or security guard as herein defined to assist the PNP in the
performance of public duties for the duration of such emergency or calamity .
• Emergency powers of City or Municipal mayor's over the private security/detective agency
(Section 12,RA 5487).
In case of emergency or in times disaster which the need for the services of such agencies
arise, the city/municipal mayor as Director of Civil Defense,may master or incorporate the
services of the agency near the area where the emergency, disaster,or calamity arises.
• Use of Firearms and Equipment (Section 13,RA 5487)
- To be governed by the Firearms & Explosives Laws
- Firearms allowed (Section 1-10, Rule V,NIRR)
• shotguns (not bigger than 12 gauge)
•Low- powered (Cal.22 & Cal. 38) not exceeding one firearms for every two guards
employed
• High -powered firearms when the agency is operating in areas where there is an upsurge of
lawlessness and criminality as determined by the CPNP or the PNP Regional Director or
authorized representative, provided:
- The acquisition shall be at the expense of the agency/company/security
force/government force.
- The firearms should be registered with the Firearms and Explosive Office (FEO).
- Number of firearms shall not exceed (10%) of the total number of guards in its employ.
- The security guards who will be issued firearms shall have appropriate training on the
proper handling of firearms.
• Limitations in the carrying of firearms (Section 3, Rule V, NIRR)

- A Private Security Personal shall possess/carry firearms only while in the actual
performance of his duty, in the prescribed uniform, in the place and time specified in the
Duty Detail Order.
- Such firearms may only be carried by the security personnel within the compound of
the establishment where he is assigned to guard except when escorting big amount of money
or valuables on conduction duties outside jurisdiction or area of operation, upon prior
coordination with the nearest PNP units/station or when in hot pursuit of criminal offenders.
• Duty Detail Order using SOSIA form No.12-94 shall include the following:
- Name, address and telephone number of the agency
- Issue serial number and date of DDO
- Complete name and designation of grantee
- Purpose
- Inclusive date of detail
- Firearms description and serial number
- Authorized uniform to be used
- Other specific instructions /remarks
 - Signature over printed name and designation of issuing officer
• Justification for Confiscation of Firearms
- When the firearm is about to be used in the commission of the crime
- When the firearm is actually being used in the commission of the crime
- When the firearm has just been used in the commission of the crime
- When the firearm is being carried by the security guard is not licensed to the issuing
agency or a firearm not authorized by law and regulation for his use
- When the confiscation of the firearm is directed by the order of the court
- When the firearm is carried or used outside the property, compound or establishment
serviced by the agency without proper authority
- When a security guard does not possess any license to exercise profession

• Duties of Security Personal in Case of Impending Strikes in Relation to the Use of Firearms
(Section 7, Rule V, NIRR)
- To report to the chief PNP or to the nearest police agency such impending strikes;
- To exercise diligence in the collection and safekeeping of firearm safety vaults provided
therefore to prevent the use of the firearm thereof in the furtherance of the strike;
- To ensure that all firearms and ammunition in the possession of all striking security
personnel of the agency are immediately collected and secured in the safety vaults under the
control of the agency, and;
- To assume responsibility in the proper handling of firearms in order to prevent misuse
of the same or that no non-members shall be allowed to hold said firearms issued or licensed
in favor of the agency.

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL SECURITY CONCEPTS

-When the firearm has just been used in theCommission of the crime
-When the firearm being carried by the security guard is not licensed to the issuing agency or
a fire rearn not authorized by law and regulation for his use.
-When the confiscation of the firearm is directed by theorder ot the court.
-when the firearm is carried or used outside thne property, compound or establishment
serviced by the Eency without proper authority.
-when a Security guard does not poSsess any License to exercise professio.
-Duties of Security Personnel in Case of Impending Strikes inKelation to the Use of Firearms
(Section 7, Rule V, NIRRJ.
-To report to the chief PNP or to the nearest policeagency such impending strike;
-To exercise diligence in the collection and safekeeping of firearm safety vaults provided
therefore to prevent the use of the firearm thereof in the furtherance of the strike;
-To ensure that all firearms and ammunition in the possession of all striking security
personnel of the agency are immediately collected and secured in the safety vaults under the
control of the agency; and
-To assume responsibility in the proper handling of firearms in order to prevent misuse of the
same or that no non-members shall be allowed to hold said firearms issued or licensed in
lavor ot the agency.

REPUBLIC ACT No. 5487. AN ACT TO REGULATE THE ORGANIZATION AND

OPERATION OF PRIVATE DETECTIVE, WATCHMEN OR SECURITY
GUARDSAGENCIES.

D. LIMITATIONS AND PROHIBITIONS

Limitations
--Private security agencies shall not deploy/post more than onethousand security guards to
include its branches (Section 1,rule XII, NIRR and Section 16 of RA 5487 as amended by
section 8 of PD 100 and further by PD 1919)
--No person shall organize/operate or have interest in more tone secunty agency in any one
ciy or municipality (Section 2,Rule Xll, NIRR and Section 4, RA 5487).
-Further, Section 3 of Rule IV, Partl of RA 5487 stated the following limitations:
-No person shall organize or have an interest in more than one agency.
-Elective or appointive government employees who may be called upon on account of the
functions of their respective offices in the implementation and enforcement of the provisions
RA 5487, or any person related to him by affinity or consanguinity shall not hold an
interest,directly or indirectly in any security watchman agency.
-No agency shall offer, render or accept services in gambling dens or other illegal business
establishments or enterprises.
-The extent of the security guard service being furnished by the security agency shall not go
beyond the compound and/or property of the person or establishment contracting the security
service except when the security guards is escorting big amount of money or valuables.

PROHIBITION
-Operate, promote and enter an agreement of "merger" (kabit system) with any person or
group of persons for the purpose of organizing a branch unit or subsidiary under separate
control and ownership (section 4, Rule XII , NIRR in relation to sectionl8 of RA 5487)
-Circumstances or combination thereby shall be considered "Prima facie evidence of the
existence of a kabit system.
-Maintaining a separate branch, unit or subsidiary office aside from the main office ot the
agency, situated within the same locality;
-Receiving direct payments from the agency's clientele and issuing official receipt of their
own distinct from that 19Sued by the agency concerned;
-Remitting directly SSS premiums, Medicare contributions and other premium for other
policy
-insurance benefits by the aforementioned branch, unit or subsidiary office,
Existence of an agreement between the licensee and a branch manager thereol, whereby the
latter obligates himself to pay a certain percentage of his income to the tormer on the
condition that the control and supervisicn of the guards posted by said branch shall course on
themanager thereof and that the licensed shall be exempt from liabilities/obligations
attendant to the operation of the said branch.
Keeping/ maintaining separate payrolls for the branch employees. signed and/or approved by
the branchmanager only;
Absence of record of monthly income remittance to the main office when said branch is
authorized to make collections from the clients of the licensee; and
All other similar acts tending to show separate and distinct
relationship/personally/ownership/management.

E. ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTIONS
Classification of Offenses
-Light Ofenses
-Those related to uniforms;
-Carrying of firearms without a Duty detail order;
Failure to notify/call the nearest police station in casedisorders, riots, strikes, and other
emergency cases
-Taking alcoholic beverages while on guard duty;
- Late or failure to maintain and/or submit records/report;
-All acts prejudiced to good conduct and behavior andsimilar acts, pursuant to existing laws,
rules and regulations;

Less Grave Offenses

- Allowing the use of personally-owned licensed during tour of duty
- Illegal search;
- Use of uniform not appropriate for one's rank and position,
- Use of profane language;
-Performing duties of a security guard without anylicense,
- Other similar ofenses

GRAVE OFFENSE
- Using unlicensed firearm during tour of duty;
- Posting unlicensed guards for duty;
- Violation of section 4, Rule Xll of the NIRR prohibiting"kabit system
- Abuse or acting beyond the scope ot authority;
- Use and/or employment of security guards for purpose
ot committing threats and intimidation.
 CHAPTER 13
CODE OF ETHICS AND CONDUCT

Enumerate the code of conduct for private security agencies;

Recite the Private Security Guard's Creed;
Enumerate the 11 general orders for security guards; Enumerate the code of ethics for security
guards; and enumerate the code of conduct for security guards.
Private Security Agencies
Private Security Agency's Creed

" As a security agency proprietor, my fundamental duty is to serve the interest of my clientele
and security guard; protect the interest of the government, adhere professionally in the conduct
of my business without prejudices and compromises to human rights, and uphold constantly the
law and abide by the rules and regulations set by the government in the conduct of my business.
Ethical Standards for Private Security Agencies
As a licensed private security agency, it shall be its prime concern to share with other licensed
agencies and company security forces the burden of responsibility in upholding the integrity and
trust of the private security profession at all times. In discharging this responsibility, its official
shall

1. Endeavor to fulfill their professional duties in accordance with the highest moral principles,
always conforming to the precepts of truth fairness and justice
2. Contribute to the national welfare by securing and preserving industrial facilities of the
country through competent guarding services
3. Promote the well - being of security guard through adequate wages and other emoluments
4. With faith and diligence, perform their contractual obligations for the protection of life, limb
and property
5. Constantly endeavor to raise quality standards of private security services
6. Continuously work with and assist the law enforcement agencies in the preservation of peace
and order in the country

Code of Conduct for Private Security Agencies

1. They shall at all times adhere to the professional ethics and refrain from practices that negate
the best interest of the private security services industry
2. They shall always consider that unity in the profession is vital and paramount for the
attainment of common objectives
3. They shall not use deceitful means and / or misrepresentation in all their business
transactions . To this end , they shall avoid granting of rebates , or commissions in securing
guarding contracts
4. They shall not indulge in cut - throat competition by undercutting the existing contract rates
between PSA and the client and / or the minimum contract rate prescribed under PADPAO
Memorandum Agreement in conformity with existing minimum wage laws
5. They shall pay their guards in accordance with rates fixed by law . They shall not impose any
unauthorized deductions on the gurus to seek employment elsewhere as they choose , subject to
existing laws , nor accept a guard without clearance from the losing agency
6. When a prospective client with existing company security force call / bids for additional
security guard , all bidding security agencies shall observe the principle of " equal pay for equal
work " considering the rate of pay of the company security service their own guards
7. Anchored on the principle of securing property , of providing safety of persons and
maintaining peace and order within such property , when accepting contract with clients having
existing conflict of claims , management , ownership or administration of properties and / or
establishments , where there exist or forthcoming another contracted / contracting agency , they
should conduct themselves and their deployed guard in a manner primarily not to be used against
each other at the same time without compromising their respective contracts
8. They shall endeavor to raise the standard of service in the security profession thru incentive
and in - service training
9. They shall establish an adequate library of books , magazines and other publications on
security subject , materials , references , etc , in each PSA
10. They shall always be truthful and accurate in reports required by SAGSD and / or other
competent authorities and be prompt in the submission of the same
11. They shall not , under any circumstances , employ for guard duty any person without a
professional license as a security guard duly issued by the Chief , PNP
12. They shall at all times exercise vigilance and be prepared to prevent the use of their guards or
the agency in activities inimical to the state or national security . When activities of this nature
come to their attention , they shall as a matter of duty render an appropriate report to the PNP
authorities
Security Guards
Security Guard's Creed
" As a security guard , my fundamental duty is to protect lives and properties and maintain order
within the vicinity / my place of duty , protect the interest of my employer and our clients and the
security and stability of our government and country without compromise and prejudice , honest
in my action , words and thought , and do my best to uphold the principle " MAKADIYOS ,
MAKABAYAN , MAKATAO at MAKAKALIKASAN "

The 11 General Orders for Security Guards

All security personnel shall memorize and strictly observe following general orders :
1. To take charge of the post and all company properties in view , and protect / preserve the same
with utmost diligence
2. To walk in a military manner during tour of duty and keeping always on the alert , observing
everything that takes place within sight or hearing
3. To report all the violations of regulations and order I am instructed to enforce
4 . To relay all calls from post more distant from the security house where I am stationed .
5. To quit my post only when properly relieved
6. To receive , obey and pass on to relieving guard all orders from company officers or officials ,
supervisors , post - in charge or shift leader
7. To talk to no one except in line of duty
8. To sound the alarm or call in case of fire or disorder
9. To call the superior officer in any case not covered by instructions
10. To salute all company officials , superiors in the agency ranking public officials ,
commissioned officers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines and commissioned officers of the
Philippine National Police
11. To be esperially watchful at night and during the time of
challenging all persons on or nenr my post, and to allow no
one to pess without proper authority

Code of Ethics for Security Guards

1. As security agent, his fundamental duty is to serve the interest or mission of his ngency in
compliance with contract entered into with the clients or customers of the agency
2. He shall be honest in thoughts and deeds both in his personal and official actuations, obeying
the laws of the land and the regulations prescribed by his agency and those established by the
company he is supposed to protect.
3. He shall not reveal any confidential matter that is confided
to him as a security guard and such other matters imposed upon him by law
4. He shall act at all times with decorum and shall not permit personal feelings, prejudices and
undue friendship to influence his actuation in the performance of his official functions
5. He shall not compromise with eriminal and other lawless
elements to the prejudices of the customer of his client but to assist the government in ts
relentless drive against lawlessness and other forms of criminality.
6. He must carry his assigned duties as security guard or watchman as required by law to the best
of his ability and to safeguard life and property of the establishment.
7. He shall wear his uniform, badge, patches and insignia properly as a symbol of public trust
and confidence as an honest and trustworthy security personnel and private detective.
8. He must keep his allegiance frst to the government, to the agency he is empioyed and to the
establishment he is assigned to serve with loyalty and dedicated service.
9. He shall diligently and progressively familiarize hiselt with the rules and regulations laid
down by his agency and that of the customers and clients.
 10. He shall at times be courteous and respectful; and he shall salute to his superior officers,
government officials and company officials of the establishment where he is assigned or the
company he is supposed to serve.
11.He shall report to his duty always in proper uniform and neat in appearance.
12.He shall learn and heart or memorize, and strictly observe the laws and regulations governing
the use of firearms.

Code of Conduct for Security Guards

1.He shall carry with him at all times during his tour of duty is license and identification card and
duty detail order with an authority to carry firearms.
2.He shall not use his licenses and other privileges, if nay to the prejudice of the public, the
client, the customer or his agency.
3.He shall not engage in any unnecessary conversation with anybody except in discharge of his
duties; or sit down unless required by nature of his work, and shall at times keep himself alert
during his tour of duties.
4.He shall refrain from reading newspapers, magazine, books etc. while actually performing his
duties.
5.He shall not drink any intoxicating liquor immediately before and during his tour of duty.
6.He shall know how to operate any fire extinguisher at his post.
7.He shall the know the location of fire alarm box near his post and the sound the alarm in case
of fire or disorders.
8.He shall know the location of the telephone and/or telephone numbers of the police precincts as
well as the telephone numbers of the fire stations in locality.
9.He shall immediately notify the police in case of any sign of disorder, strike, and riot or any
serious violations of the law.
10.He or his group of guards shall not participate or integrate with any disorder, strike, riot or
any serious violations of the law.
11.He shall assist the police in the preservation and maintenance of peace and order and in the
protection of life and property, having in mind that the nature of his responsibilities is similar to
that of the latter.
12.He shall familiarize himself by heart with the Private Security Agency Law (RA 5487 as
amended) and its implementing rules and regulations.
13.When issued a firearm, he should not tend his firearm to anybody.
14.He shall always be in proper uniform and shall always carry with him his basic requirements
and equipment such as writing notebook, ball pen, night stick (baton) and/or radio.
Any private security agency operator or guard who violates the creeds, ethical standards and
codes as set forth in the preceding sections, shall be subject to the penalties provided in the IRR
of RA 5487.
 CHAPTER 14
GUARD FORCE ADMINISTRATION

The success of a security officer rests heavily on his keen knowledge in his unit’s mission,
strengths and weakness, as well as his role and functions as an administrator, supervisor or
manager. It is important that he is aware of his functions in general and the responsibilities
attached to each. Hence, it is critical that the security administrator realizes that the two specific
purposes of existence:
1. The accomplishment of the mission, and
2. Looking forward for the welfare of his men.
To accomplish these role and responsibilities, his job is divided into four (4) functional areas:
1.Leadership and Command
2.Operations
3.Administration
4.Technical Services

Leadership and Command

Effective leadership is demonstrated by one’s ability to command respect and confidence of
his men. The indications are: morale, discipline, esprit d’corps, proficiency and effective unit.
Leadership is developed by the ability of a person to influence others in such a way as to
obtain their loyalty, cooperation and willing obedience in order to accomplish the goal.
Leadership and command involve the planning, leading organizing, and controlling the
manpower and resources, making things happen through other people.
Leadership is defined as an art of influencing and directing men in such a way as to obtain
their willing obedience, confidence, respect, and loyal cooperation in order to accomplish the
mission.

Leadership: the concept

Leadership is an ART and being so; it can be learned, acquired and developed as any other
arts or activities. In the definitive sense, leadership is based upon the development of traits of the
individual personality and upon the understanding and application of social leadership principles
and techniques.
A leader in a private security organization could be the supervisor or the officer or the
commander. He therefore, is expected to possessed inherent authority to meet his diverse
responsibilities, and practices his authority may be delegated and pursuance of task but never
him responsibilities.
Goals of a Leader
There are two main purposes why a leader exists:
1.To accomplish the mission, and
2.To look for the welfare of his men
Types of Leadership
1.Authoritative/Dogmatic. A type of leader who gains obedience’s by asserting authority and
superiority, or by instilling fear or punishment.
2.Persuasive/Considerate, a type of leader who attains obedience or leads by compassion and
persuasion, and considers the “human factor”.
Leadership Traits
The following are the qualities that leader should possess in order win the willing obedience,
confidence, respect and loyal cooperation of his men toward the accomplishment of his goals.
1. Integrity - The uprightness of character, soundness of moral principles and truthfulness
2. Knowledge - Acquired facts and skills of the job
3. Courage - This is the mental control of fear. Acting calmly and decidedly in stressful
situations. Standing up for what is right regardless of opposition of others. He accepts personal
responsibility for mistakes and does spot correction of men who need correcting, anywhere.
4. Initiative - He sees what needs to be done and doing it even in the absence of direction from
superiors.
5. Decisiveness - He has the ability to make a sound and timely decision. Studying the
alternatives and carefully selecting the best course of action when time and circumstances
permit. He announces decisions authoritatively, concisely and clearly.
6. Tact - He has the ability to deal with subordinates and superiors in an appropriate manner.
Speaking to others with the same kind of respect he expects from others.
7. Justice - He gives every man his due by being equal, impartial and consistent in application of
rewards and punishments. He listens to all sides of the issue before making a decision.
8. Dependability - He performs his duty loyally. Being at places he is expected to be at certain
time. He is a man of his word. He does what promised to do and promptly on time.
9. Bearing - He knows how to carry himself setting high standards of appearance and conduct He
avoids excessive profanity, controls voice and gestures so that extremes of emotion do not show
in actions. He avoids mannerisms.
10. Endurance It is the mental and physical stamina even under extreme pressure
11. Enthusiasm - He has intense interest in the task at hand. He never complains in front of his
men about " they " or the system.
12. Loyalty - This is the quality of faithfulness to the organization, superiors, subordinates and
associates. Passing on and carrying out tough orders of superiors, without expressing personal
criticism. He defends his men against unfair treatment.
13. Unselfishness - This quality ensures that the needs of his men are met before attending to his
own needs. He shares the hardship, danger, and discomfort of his men.
14. Judgment - This is the ability to logically weigh facts and possible solutions on which to base
sound decisions. He considers the possible consequence of his decision.
Leadership Principles
Below are the fundamental guidelines for the selection appropriate action and orders in the
proper exercise of authority.
1. Know one's self and seek self - improvement.
2. Be technically and tactically proficient.
3. Seek responsibility and take responsibility for actions.
4. Make sound and timely decisions
5. Set the example
6. Be acquainted with subordinates and look after their welfare
7. Make certain that the subordinates are properly informed of the situation
8. Develop a sense of responsibility in subordinates
9. Ensure that the task is clearly understood, supervised, and accomplish.
10. Train staff to work as a team
11. Employ men in accordance with their capabilities.

Leadership Indicators
1. Morale - The state of mind of an individual with respect to his confidence, cheerfulness,
discipline, etc.
2. Discipline - The state of order based upon submission to rules and authority
3. Esprit d ' Corps Loyalty to, pride in, and enthusiasm for the unit / organization displayed by its
members.
4. Proficiency - The physical, technical and tactical ability of the individual.
5. Effective Unit - The one that accomplishes assigned mission for which it was equipped,
trained and organized in the shortest possible time , with the least expenditure of resources and
least confusion .

Operations
This has direct impact on the mission of the security unit normally affecting life , property and
proprietary rights . Under this function , the security officer performs the following :
1. The deployment of men and resources consistent with threat and need of the organization .
2. Defining the basic role and functions of the individuals in the total organization , his unit and
on post assignment .
3. Conduct of patrols , search , apprehension and recovery . 4. Provide VIP security and related
protective services
5. Enforce rules and regulations
6. Control persons , vehicles and property
Administration
It has impact on the each member of the unit ; their morale . proficient , skills , discipline ,
welfare and integrity .
1. Screening , recruitment , and documentation of personnel
2. Training and development
3. Morale , welfare and benefits
4.Reward and discipline, welfare and integrity
5. Payrolling
6. Budgeting
Logistics and supply sourcing
8. Performance evaluation
9. Inspectorate and post audit
Technical Services

This function needs specialized skills derived from training

experience and research.
1. Investigation and report writing
2. Collection of critical security information
3. Operation of electronics multi-instruction device, CCTV, and alarm system
4. Security survey and risks analysis

Group 5

Baro Jahn Meshel Morin

Decerey Patoc Chiu

Jainiz Manangcay Lijarso

Jasfer N. Gajelloma

Mapili Sherwin Salipod

Omaya Marchshelyn

Shermyn Dingal

Sienes Bhart

Timbangan Edlyn Maata