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1. 1. FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 BETON ARMAT DATE
PROBLEMĂ Se consideră următorul PLANŞEU: - PARDOSEALĂ INDUSTRIALĂ cu grosimea tuturor straturilor de [8 cm] - PLACA din FÂŞII CU
GOLURI PREFABRICATE cu greutatea de [3,25 kN/mp], înălŃimea de 200 [mm] şi un STRAT DE SUPRABETONARE cu grosimea de [60 mm] - GRINZI
PRINCIPALE cu lungimea de [7,00 m] dispuse la o distanŃă de [6,00 m] una faŃă de cealaltă, care reazemă pe PEREłI DE REZISTENłĂ din beton cu
grosimea de [30 cm]. SE CUNOSC: Clasa de beton: C25/30 Tipul de armătură: S 500 CondiŃii de expunere: XC 1 Încărcări utile conform fluxului tehnologic:
5 kN/m2 Rezemare SecŃiune transversală reală Se cere SĂ SE DIMENSIONEZE GRINDA PRINCIPALĂ. Conversii între unităŃi de măsură: 1 kgf = 1 daN
= 10 N , conversia din kilograme-forŃă în newtoni 1 N mm = 1 MPa = 10 Pa , conversia din newtoni/milimetrii pătraŃi în pascali Notă: ReferinŃele care sunt
date în continuare sub formă de pagini, tabele, etc. fac trimitere la lucrarea [1] – ”PROIECTAREA STRUCTURILOR DE BETON DUPA SR EN 1992-1”, Z.
KISS şi T. ONEł, ED. ABEL, 2008 2 6 PREDIMENSIONARE Pentru predimensionarea secŃiunii transversale se propun următorii paşi: 1. STABILIREA
ÎNĂLłIMII SECłIUNII DIN CONDIłIA DE RIGIDITATE (EVITAREA SĂGEłILOR EXCESIVE): Deoarece grinda propusă este o grindă principală cu
încărcări mari se adoptă pentru înălŃimea acesteia condiŃia: leff 6700 mm h= = = 670 mm 10 10 DIN CONDIłIA TEHNOLOGICĂ (COFRARE): h multiplu
de 50 mm SE CONSIDERĂ: h= 650 mm Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [1]
2. 2. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM BETON ARMAT 2.
STABILIREA LĂłIMII SECłIUNII DIN CONDIłIA DE STABILITATE LATERALĂ (EVITAREA RĂSTURNĂRII ÎN CAZUL ÎN CARE GRINDA NU
ESTE LEGATĂ DE ALTE ELEMENTE STRUCTURALE CARE ÎMPIEDICĂ ACEST FENOMEN): h h 650 mm = 216, 67 mm ≃ 220 mm 1, 5 ≤ ≤ 3 → b =
= b 3 3 DIN CONDIłIA TEHNOLOGICĂ: b ≥ 200 mm b multiplu de 50 mm DIN CONDIłIA DE REZISTENłĂ LA FOC (PENTRU R90 – 90 DE MINUTE):
b ≥ 150 mm SE CONSIDERĂ: b = 300 mm Se verifică: 1, 5 ≤ h = 650 mm = 2,17 ≤ 3 ÎNDEPLINITĂ. b 300 mm ÎN URMA PREDIMENSIONĂRII SE
STABILESC URMĂTOARELE CARACTERISTICI ALE SECłIUNII: ÎNĂLłIME, h = 650 mm respectiv LĂłIME, b = 300 mm CONFORMARE
STRUCTURALĂ Din modul de rezemare care nu specifică condiŃii suplimentare, se adoptă în calculele următoare schema statică corespunzătoare unei
grinzi cu o singură deschidere, simplu rezemată, încărcată cu încărcări uniform distribuite. DESCHIDEREA DE CALCUL se obŃine din următoarea relaŃie:
leff = ln + a1 + a2 = ln + min( h 2, t1 2,) + min( h 2, t2 2,) = 6, 40 m + 2 ⋅ 0,15 m = 6, 70 m EVALUAREA ÎNCĂRCĂRILOR Se propune următorul tabel
pentru evaluarea încărcărilor: Nr.crt. Tip încărcare/Denumire 1. PERMANENTĂ – din greutatea proprie G1 = h ⋅ b ⋅ γ bet = 0, 65 m ⋅ 0, 3 m ⋅ 26 kN m = 5, 07
kN m 2. PERMANENTĂ – din greutatea fâşiei G2 = 3, 25 kN m ⋅ 6 m = 19, 50 kN m 3. PERMANENTĂ – din suprabetonare G3 = 0, 06 m ⋅ 6 m ⋅ 25 kN m =
9, 00 kN m 4. PERMANENTĂ – din pardoseală G4 = 0, 08 m ⋅ 6 m ⋅ 22 kN m = 10, 56 kN m TOTAL PERMANENTE 5. VARIABILĂ – din încărcări
impuse TOTAL VARIABILE TOTAL ÎNCĂRCĂRI (VALOARE DE CALCUL) Valoare caracteristică 3 2 3 3 Gk = G1 + G2 + G3 + G4 = 5, 07 kN m + 19,
50 kN m + +9, 00 kN m + 10, 56 kN m = 44,13 kN m Q1 = 5 kN m ⋅ 6 m = 30 kN m Qk = Q1 = 30 kN m F = 1, 35 ⋅ Gk + 1, 50 ⋅ Qk = 1, 35 ⋅ 44,13 kN m +
1, 5 ⋅ 30 kN m = = 104, 576 kN m ≃ 105 kN m SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru γ G , γ Q sunt cele conform [pag. 48, tab. 2.14, linia 2, pct. 2.3.3].
Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [2]
3. 3. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM
This website BETON
stores andARMAT
accesses Alura
diagramelor de moment încovoietor şi forŃă tăietoare Cu această valoare se determină momentul încovoietor maxim: F ⋅ leffon
information 2M Ed device,
your = = 8 105such
kN m as⋅ ( 6, 70
m ) 2 8 = 589,181 kN ⋅ m ≃ 589 kN ⋅ m precum şi forŃa tăietoare maximă: VEd = F ⋅ leff 2 = 105 kN m ⋅ 6, 70cookies. m 2 = 351, 75 kN ≃data
Personal 352 kNmayREZISTENłELE
be
DE CALCUL ALE MATERIALELOR UTILIZATE Pentru beton, rezistenŃa de calcul este: f cd = α cc ⋅ f ck γcprocessed, = 1⋅ 25 MPasuch 1, 50as= 16, 67 MPa
cookie Pentru
identifiers,
armătură, rezistenŃa de calcul este: f yd = f yk γs = 500 MPa 1,15 = 434, 78 ≃ 435 MPa SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate
unique pentru
device α cc , γ c sunt
identifiers, andcele conform
browser
[pag. 36, pct. 2.1.1] respectiv pentru γ s conform [pag. 43, pct. 2.2.1]. STRATUL DE ACOPERIRE CU BETONinformation. Stratul de acoperire cu beton
Third parties reprezintă
may store
distanŃa de la faŃa elementului la faŃa armăturii pentru care se calculează. Armăturile longitudinale şi etrierii trebuie să fie information
and access înglobate în beton astfel încât
on your
acesta să asigure un grad de protecŃie considerat satisfăcător, atât la acŃiunile mediului extern cât şi în cazul unor solicitări excepŃionale precum incendiul.
device and process this personal
1. Definirea stratului de acoperire cu luarea în considerare a etrierilor. Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [3]
4. 4. FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA data. You may 001change
BETONor withdraw
ARMAT Definirea
toleranŃelor. 2. Pentru calculul stratului de acoperire nominal se utilizează următoarea formulă: cnom = cmin +your ∆cdev preferences
Pentru calcululby clicking
stratului on the
de acoperire
minim se utilizează următoarea formulă: cmin = max {cmin,b ; cmin, dur + ∆cdur ,γ − ∆cdur , st − ∆cdur , add ;10 cookie
mm}icon or link; however,
SemnificaŃia asutilizate
şi valorile a
pentru cmin,b ; cmin, dur ; ∆cdur ,γ ; ∆cdur , st ; ∆cdur , add sunt cele conform [pag. 119-121, tab. 5.1-5.4, pct. consequence,
5.1.1.1]. Deoarece youdiametrul
may notarmăturilor
see
longitudinale este necunoscut, se impune din PROPRIA PRACTICĂ DE PROIECTARE valoarea: øsl = 25 [mm] Deoarece
relevant adsdiametrul armăturilor
or personalized transversale
content.
este necunoscut, se impune din PROPRIA PRACTICĂ DE PROIECTARE valoarea: øsw = 8 [mm] Din condiŃii Youde may
expunere
changese cunoaşte clasa deatexpunere
your settings any
XC 1. Deoarece asupra clasei structurale NU SE FACE NICI O PRECIZARE se consideră CLASA STRUCTURALĂ time orS4, aşa cum
accept therecomandă normativul SR
default settings.
EN 1992-1-1:2004. Cu aceste două elemente se stabileşte: cmin, dur = 15 mm Deoarece nu se consideră necesară luarea în considerare a unei marje de
siguranŃe şi nici nu se utilizează oŃel inoxidabil sau alte măsuri de protecŃie se obŃine: ∆cdur ,γ = 0 mm ∆cdur , st = 0 mm ∆cdur , add = 0 mm Abaterea în
execuŃie se stabileşte din relaŃia: 10 mm ≥ ∆cdev ≥ 5 mm Deoarece grinda pricnipală se execută cu un control strict al calităŃii se poate adopta ∆cdev = 5
mm . Cu aceste valori se calculează pentru armătura longitudinală: cmin, sl = max {25 mm ;15 mm + 0 − 0 − 0;10mm} Cookie =Policy
25 mm cnom , sl = 25 mm + 5 mm =
30 mm respectiv pentru etrieri: cmin, sw = max {8 mm ;15 mm + 0 − 0 − 0;10mm} = 15 mm cnom , sw = 15 mm + 5 mmPreferences
Storage = 20 mm Se stabileşte stratul de
acoperire cu beton la valoarea: cv = max {cnom , sw ; cnom , sl − φ sw } = max {20 mm ; 30 mm − 8 mm} = 22Third mm şi se verifică: cv = 22 mm ≥ cmin, dur +
Parties
∆cdev = 15 mm + 5 mm = 20 mm ÎNDEPLINITĂ POZIłIA CENTRULUI DE GREUTATE AL ARMĂTURILOR LONGITUDINALE Se IMPUNE DIN
PROPRIA EXPERIENłĂ DE PROIECTARE O AŞEZARE A ARMĂTURILOR PE UN SINGUR RÂND, caz în care: 1Storage 1 d1 = cnom , sl + ⋅ φsl = 30 mm + ⋅
25 mm = 42, 50 mm 2 2 Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [4]
Marketing
5. 5. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM BETON ARMAT
ÎNĂLłIMEA UTILĂ A SECłIUNII Alegerile care s-au impus până la acest punct (diametrul etrierilor, diametrul armăturii Personalization
longitudinale, dispunerea armăturii
longitudinale pe un singur rând, rotunjirea valorii pentru poziŃie centrului de greutate) s-au ales astfel încât înălŃimea utilă a sedŃiunii să fie cât mai mare,
Analytics
caz în care, aşa sum se va vedea, se obŃine un moment încovoietor capabil al secŃiunii mare. Se determină: d = h − d1 = 650 mm − 42, 50 mm = 607, 50 mm
DIMENSIONAREA SECłIUNII TRANSVERSALE LA MOMENT ÎNCOVOIETOR Se calculează VALOAREA RELATIVĂ A MOMENTULUI
ÎNCOVOIETOR: µ= 6 M Ed 6 589 ⋅ 10 N ⋅ mm 589 ⋅ 10 N ⋅ mm = 0, 319 2 9 2 1, 846 ⋅ 10 N ⋅ mm 300 mm ⋅ ( 607, 50 mm ) ⋅ 16, 67 N mm Se compară
această valoare cu o valoare limită, pentru a se decide dacă este suficientă simpla armare sau se impune dubla armare (DISPUNEREA ARMATURII DE
REZISTENłĂ ŞI ÎN ZONA COMPRIMATĂ). Pentru oŃel S 500 avem: µ = 0, 319 ≤ µ lim = 0, 372 ÎNDEPLINITĂ 2 b ⋅ d ⋅ f cd = = Se calculează ARIA DE

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1/12/23, 10:08 AM Dimensionare grinda betonn_armat_dupa_eurocod_648
ARMĂTURĂ: As = ω ⋅ b ⋅ d1 ⋅ fcd f yd = 0, 400 ⋅ 300 mm ⋅ 607, 50 mm ⋅ SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru µ = 0, 320 → ω = 0, 400 ω 16, 67 N mm
435 N mm 2 2 = 2793, 662 mm ≃ 28 cm 2 2 sunt cele conform [pag. 56-57, tab. 3.5.a, pct. 3.1.3.1]. Pentru Pentru a propune o armare efectivă se Ńine cont de
următoarele: (1) Se va alege un anumit număr de bare de acelaşi diametru (UŞURINłĂ ÎN APROVIZIONARE) SAU o combinaŃie între armături de diametre
consecutive astfel încât să se obŃină o arie de armătură efectivă apropiată de cea dedusă din calcul (2) CombinaŃia de la punctul (1) se alege astfel încât
barele să poată fi dispune pe un singur rând (aşa cum s-a presupus iniŃial la calculul poziŃiei centrului de greutate al armăturii) (3) Se recomandă să se
păstreze diametru maxim ales (øsl = 25 [mm]) SAU o combinaŃie între acesta şi cel imediat următor, adică øsl = 28 [mm] Se calculează distanŃa pe care pot
fi aşezate barele în grindă cu formula: bsl , real = b − 2 ⋅ cnom, sl = 300 mm − 2 ⋅ 30 mm = 240 mm Se utilizează tabelul în care sunt organizate ariile
secŃiunilor transversale a unui număr de bare de la 1 la 10 cu diametre cuprinse între 3 şi 40 mm. Pentru 6 bare cu øsl = 25 [mm] avem: 2 As ,eff = 29, 46 cm
> As ,calc = 28 cm 2 bsl ,calc = ( 6 bare + 5 goluri ) ⋅ 25 mm = 275 mm > bsl , real = 240 mm Deoarece barele NU SE POT DISPUNE PE UN SINGUR
RÂND, SE PROPUNE O ARMARE ASTFEL: Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [5]
6. 6. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM IN ACEST CAZ: BETON
ARMAT bsl ,calc ,1 = ( 4 bare + 3 goluri ) ⋅ 25 mm = 175 mm < bsl , real = 240 mm bsl ,calc ,2 = ( 2 bare + 1 goluri ) ⋅ 25 mm = 75 mm < bsl , real = 240 mm
Prin urmare barele pot fi aşezate în secŃiune. DEOARECE S-AU DISPUS PE DOUĂ RÂNDURI ESTE NECESAR SĂ SE CALCULEZE EXACT POZIłIA
CENTRULUI DE GREUTATE. Se utilizează formula: di ⋅ Ai (30 mm + 1 ⋅ 25 mm) ⋅ 1964 mm 2 + (30 mm + 25 mm + 25 mm + 1 ⋅ 25 mm) ⋅ 982 mm 2 2 2 d
eff = i = = 2 Ai 2946 mm ∑ ∑ i 2 = 42, 50 mm ⋅ 1964 mm + 92, 5 mm ⋅ 982 mm 2 = 59,167 mm ≃ 60 mm > d calc = 42, 50 mm 2 2946 mm Se recalculează
înălŃimea utilă a secŃiunii: d = h − d1 = 650 mm − 60 mm = 590 mm Se determină POZIłIA AXEI NEUTRE cu formula: x = As ⋅ f yd ( λ ⋅η ⋅ b ⋅ fcd ) = 1,
25 ⋅ 2946 mm 2 ⋅ 435 N mm 2 = 320, 313 mm ≃ 320 mm 2 300 mm 16, 67 N mm pentru care se determină VALOAREA RELATIVĂ A ZONEI
COMPRIMATE: ξ = x d = 320 mm 590 mm = 0, 542 < ξ lim = 0, 617 Se determină BRAłUL DE PÂRGHIE: z = d − 1 2 ⋅ λ ⋅ x = 590 mm − 0, 5 ⋅ 0, 8 ⋅ 320
mm = 462 mm pentru care se determină MOMENTUL ÎNCOVOIETOR CAPABIL: M Rd = As ,eff ⋅ f yd ⋅ z = 2946 mm 2 ⋅ 435 N mm 2 ⋅ 462 mm = 592 ⋅
106 N ⋅ mm ≃ M Ed = 589 ⋅ 106 N ⋅ mm SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru Obs: λ ,η sunt cele conform [pag. 55, tab. 3.3, pct. 3.1.3.1]. 6 6 1 − M Ed M
Rd = 1 − 589 ⋅ 10 N ⋅ mm 592 ⋅ 10 N ⋅ mm = 0, 507 % DiscuŃie: Pentru evaluarea momentului încovoietor capabil se poate utiliza şi FORMULA
SIMPLIFICATĂ: M Rd = As ,eff ⋅ f yd ⋅ z = As ,eff ⋅ f yd ⋅ 0, 8 ⋅ d = 2946 mm 2 ⋅ 435 N mm 2 ⋅ 0, 8 ⋅ 590 mm = 6 6 = 604, 873 ⋅ 10 N ⋅ mm > M Ed = 589 ⋅
10 N ⋅ mm DIMENSIONAREA SECłIUNII TRANSVERSALE LA FORłĂ TĂIETOARE Nota 1: Reducerea valorii forŃei tăietoare de calcul este PERMISĂ
NUMAI DACĂ SE ASIGURĂ O ANCORARE CORESPUNZĂTOARE PENTRU ARMĂTURA LONGITUDINALĂ ÎNTINSĂ. Nota 2: Reducerea de la (1)
este posibilă deoarece în apropierea reazemelor eforturile sunt preluate în mod direct de acestea pe o distanŃă egală cu înălŃimea utilă a elementului. Se
calculează FORłA TĂIETOARE DE CALCUL REDUSĂ prin reducerea forŃei tăietoare maxime conform relaŃiei: VEd , red = VEd − F ⋅ ( a1 + d ) = 352
kN − 105 kN m ⋅ (0,15 m + 0, 59 m) = 274, 30 kN ≃ 275 kN Se calculează FORłA TĂIETOARE CAPABILĂ A ELEMENTULUI, FĂRĂ ARMĂTURA
PENTRU PRELUAREA FORłEI TĂIETOARE: VRd , c = C Rd ,c ⋅ k ⋅ (100 ⋅ ρl ⋅ fck )  13 ( ) + k1 ⋅ σ cp  ⋅ bw ⋅ d ≥ υ min + k1 ⋅ σ cp ⋅ bw ⋅ d  Prof.
Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [6]
7. 7. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM BETON ARMAT
SemnificaŃia simbolurilor utilizate este: C Rd ,c = 0.18 γ c = 0.18 1, 5 = 0,12 [adimensional] – coeficient dat în anexa naŃională k = 1+ 200 d ≤ 2.0 → k =
min(1 + 200 590 , 2) = 1, 58 [adimensional] – coeficient ρl = Asl ( bw ⋅ d ) ≤ 0.02 → ρl = 2946 mm ( 300 mm ⋅ 590 mm ) = 0.0166 < 0.02 2 [adimensional] –
coeficient de armare longitudinală Asl în [mm2] – aria de armătură longitudinală întinsă care faŃă de secŃiunea considerată (A) este prelungită pe o distanŃă
de cel puŃin d + lbd ; în acest exemplu toate barele din câmp se consideră ancorate pe reazem lbd în [mm2] – lungimea de ancorare de calcul bw în [mm] –
este cea mai mică lăŃime a secŃiunii în zona întinsă σ cp = N Ed Ac ≤ 0.2 ⋅ fcd → σ cp = 0 MPa , efortul unitar mediu sub acŃiunea forŃei axiale N Ed în
[MPa] – forŃa axială acŃionând pe secŃiune, pozitivă pentru compresiune; influenŃa deformaŃiilor impuse asupra lui N Ed poate fi neglijată ; în acest
exemplu NU există efort axial în secŃiune Ac în [mm2] – aria secŃiunii transversale de beton υ min = 0.035 ⋅ k 32 12 32 ⋅ f ck = 0.035 ⋅ 1, 5 12 ⋅ 25 = 0, 200
N mm 2 Cu aceste valori se obŃine: VRd , c = max(  0,12 ⋅ 1, 58 ⋅ (100 ⋅ 0, 00393 ⋅ 25 )  13 + 0  ; (0, 200 + 0)) ⋅ 300 mm ⋅ 590 mm =  = max(0,
656; 0, 200) ⋅ 300 mm ⋅ 590 mm = 116,112 kN ≃ 116 kN Se verifică condiŃia: VRd , c ≥ VEd , red → 116 kN < 275 kN NEÎNDEPLINITĂ Prin urmare, SE
CALCULEAZĂ ARMATURĂ SPECIFICĂ PENTRU FORTA TĂIETOARE. Se calculează FORłA TĂIETOARE CAPABILĂ ATINSĂ PRIN ZDROBIREA
DIAGONALELOR COMPRIMATE DIN BETON: α ⋅ b ⋅ z ⋅ υ1 ⋅ f cd VRd ,max = cw w ( ctg θ + tg θ ) SE CONSIDERĂ VALOAREA MINIMĂ PENTRU
EXPRESIA DE MAI SUS: θ = 21,8 → ctg 21,8 = 2, 5 → VRd ,max,inf SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru α cw , υ1 sunt cele conform [pag. 75, rel.3.66,
pct. 3.2.2.3] respectiv [pag. 73, rel.3.58, pct. 3.2.2.2]. f ywd = 500 MPa 1,15 = 434, 783 MPa ≃ 435 MPa – rezistenŃa de calcul a etrierilor din oŃel tip S 500
Deoarece f ywd = 435 MPa > 0.8 ⋅ f ywk = 0.8 ⋅ 500 MPa = 400 MPa se obŃine: υ1 = 0.6 ⋅ (1 − f ck 200 ) = 0.6 ⋅ (1 − 25 200 ) = 0.525 z ≃ 0, 9 ⋅ d = 0, 9 ⋅
590 mm = 531 mm – braŃul de pârghie Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [7]
8. 8. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM BETON ARMAT Cu aceste
valori se obŃine: VRd ,max,inf = 1 ⋅ 300 mm ⋅ 531 mm ⋅ 0, 525 ⋅ 16, 67 N mm ( ctg 21,8 + tg 21,8 2 ) = 1394,154 kN 2, 5 + 1 2, 5 = 480, 753 kN ≃ 481 kN şi
SE COMPARĂ: VRd , c ≤ VEd , red ≤ VRd ,max,inf → 116 kN ≤ 275 kN ≤ 481 kN DiscuŃie: Deoarece forŃa tăietoare de calcul este aproximativ la
jumătate între limita inferioară şi cea superioară, se alege: 1 + 2, 5 ctg θ = = 1.75 2 Se calculează ARIA DE ARMĂTURĂ TRANSVERSALĂ UNIFORM
DISTRIBUITA ŞI NECESARA: 3 VEd , red 275 ⋅ 10 N  Asw  = 2 = = 0, 680 mm mm   2  s  nec z ⋅ f ywd ⋅ ctg θ 531 mm ⋅ 435 N mm ⋅ 1, 75 Se
calculează distanŃa dintre etrieri cu relaŃia: s= Asw ( Asw s )nec în care se consideră Cu aceste valori se obŃine: This s=website
Asw ( Asw s )nec
stores = 101
and mm 2 2 0, 680
accesses
mm mm = 148, 539 mm Se rotunjeşte distanŃa astfel obŃinută la multiplu de [50 mm] şi adoptă o armare cu etrieri øsw = 8 on
information [mm]/150 mm. Nota
your device, such1: as
FORłA
TĂIETOARE CAPABILĂ pentru etrierii dispuşi în configuraŃia de mai sus este: ( ) VRd , s = ( Asw s )eff ⋅ z ⋅ cookies. f ywd ⋅ ctg θ = 101 mm
Personal data150maymm be⋅ 531 mm ⋅
435 N mm ⋅ 1, 75 = 272,177 ⋅ 10 N ≃ 272 kN 2 2 3 Se verifică: VRd , s = 272 kN ≃ VEd , red = 275 kN Nota 2:processed, Deoarece diferenŃa dintre forŃa
such as cookie tăietoare de
identifiers,
solicitare şi cea capabilă a grinzii este redusă nu se va recalcula ctg θ . Dacă diferenŃa este mai mare se recalculează
unique ctgdevice
θ cu relaŃia: ctg θ and
identifiers, = VRd , s ⋅ s eff
browser
Asw ⋅ z ⋅ f ywd DiscuŃie: Pentru a stabili ARMAREA LA FORłĂ TĂIETOARE SE IAU ÎN CONSIDERARE information. ŞI CELE DE MAI ThirdJOS: Deoarece
parties încărcarea
may store
este uniformă (fără discontinuităŃi) se mai poate aplica o reducere a forŃei tăietoare pe 1. lungimea elementară:and lel =access
z ⋅ ( ctginformation
θ + ctg α ) =on
531 mm ⋅ (1, 75 +
your
0 ) = 925, 25 mm ≃ 900 mm Valoarea de mai sus este rotunjită la multiplu de 150 [mm] din considerente de UŞURINłĂ device and LA process
MONTAJ. Prof.
this Dr. Ing. Z. KISS,
personal
Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [8] data. You may change or withdraw
9. 9. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM BETON ARMAT DiscuŃie
your preferences by clicking on the
(continuare): Se determină REDUCEREA DE FORłĂ TĂIETOARE cu formula: ∆VEd = F ⋅ z ⋅ ( ctg θ + ctg α ) = 105 kN m ⋅ 531 mm ⋅ (1, 75 + 0) = 97, 571
cookie icon or link; however, as a
kN ≃ 97 kN Deoarece schema de încărcare cunoaşte din punt de vedere al încărcării o probabilitate mare de variaŃie (forŃe concentrate sau uniform
consequence, you may not see
distribuite dar cu discontinuităŃi) NU se Ńine cont de această reducere în continuare. Se consideră o dispunere a etrierilor la distanŃa maximă de [300 mm]
pentru care se calculează FORłA TĂIETOARE CAPABILĂ: 2 2 2. VRd , s ,min = ( Asw s ) ⋅ z ⋅ f ywd ⋅ ctg θ =relevant 101 mm ads 300 mmor personalized
⋅ 531 mm ⋅ 435 content.
N mm ⋅ 1,
75 = ( eff ) 3 = 136, 089 ⋅ 10 N ≃ 136 kN Se calculează distanŃa pe care forŃa tăietoare scade de la valoarea VEd You=may 352 kNchange your settings
la valoarea at any
VRd , s ,min = 136
kN cu 3. formula: ( l1 = VEd − VRd , s ,min ) F = ( 352 kN − 136 kN ) 105 kN m = 2, 057 m ≃ 2060mm În modtime or accept
similar the default
se calculează settings.
şi celelate valori din
figura de mai jos. CONFORM CELOR DE MAI SUS SE ADOPTĂ URMĂTOAREA ARMARE LA FORłĂ TĂIETOARE: Diagrama de forŃă tăietoare
capabilă intersectează diagrama forŃelor tăietoare de calcul. Acest lucru neste posibil datorită faptului că VRd , s reprezintă NUMAI capacitatea portantă a
Cookie
etrierilor, valoare la care se poate adăuga şi capacitatea la tăiere a betonului VRd , c . Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M.Policy
BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V.
MOLDOVAN [9] Storage Preferences
10. 10. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM BETON ARMAT Se
Third Parties
calculează COEFICIENTUL DE ARMARE TRANSVERSALĂ: ρw = Asw = s ⋅ bw ⋅ sin α 101 mm 2 100 mm ⋅ 300 mm ⋅ 1 = 0, 00337 pentru care se
verifică: ρ w = 0, 00337 ≥ ρ w,min = 0.08 ⋅ f yk f ck = 0.08 ⋅ 25 500 = 0, 0008 ÎNDEPLINITĂ SE IMPUNE CONDIłIAStorage CA DIAGONALELE ÎNTINSE
(ETRIERII) SĂ NU AJUNGĂ LA RUPERE, prin relaŃia:  Asw  ≤  Asw  = α cw ⋅ υ ⋅ fcd ⋅ b     w 2 ⋅ f ywd  s eff  s  max Se obŃine
Marketing
numeric:  Asw  = 101 mm = 1, 010 mm 2 mm ≤  Asw  = 1 ⋅ 0, 525 ⋅ 16, 67 N mm ⋅ 300 mm = 3, 772 mm 2 mm     2 2 ⋅ 348 N mm  s
eff 100 mm  s max 2 2 Deoarece condiŃia este îndeplinită secŃiunea NU CEDEAZĂ PRIN RUPEREA ETRIERILOR. Personalization
DistanŃa maximă dinre
armături în lungul elementului este dată de relaŃia: sl ≤ min ( 300 mm, sl max ) = min ( 300 mm; 0.75 ⋅ d ⋅ (1 + ctg α ) Analytics
) = = min ( 300 mm; 600 mm ) = 300
mm DistanŃa minimă dinre armături în lungul elementului este de 100 mm (RESPECTATĂ). DistanŃa maximă dintre braŃele verticale ale etrierilor este dată
de relaŃia: ( ) st = bw − 2 ⋅ cnom , sw + φsw ≤ sl max = 0.75 ⋅ d → st = 300 mm − 56 mm = 244 mm ≤ 442, 50 mm ÎNDEPLINITĂ Nota 1: PLANŞELE DE
ARMARE SUNT PREZENTATE LA FINALUL ACESTUI EXEMPLU. DETERMINAREA LUNGIMII DE ANCORARE DE CALCUL FORłA DE
ÎNTINDERE CARE SOLICITĂ ARMATURA PE LUNGIMEA DE ANCORARE se determinată cu relaŃia: V ⋅a FE = Ed l + N Ed z SemnificaŃia

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1/12/23, 10:08 AM Dimensionare grinda betonn_armat_dupa_eurocod_648
simbolurilor utilizate este: VEd = 352 kN – forŃa tăietoare de calcul fără reducere al = z ⋅ ( ctg θ − ctg α ) 2 = 531 mm ⋅ (1, 75 − 0 ) 2 = 464, 625 mm ≃ 465
mm – distanŃa de decalare a curbei înfăşurătoare pentru momentele incovoietoare Cu aceste valori se obŃine: 352 kN ⋅ 464, 625 mm + 0 kN = 308 kN 531
mm EFORTUL UNITAR DE ÎNTINDERE ÎN ARMĂTURILE LONGITUDINALE se determină cu relaŃia: F 308 ⋅103 N σ sd = E = = 104,549 N mm 2
(toate armăturile longitudinale sunt continue peste reazem) Asl ,eff 2946 mm FE = LUNGIMEA DE ANCORARE DE REFERINTĂ se determină cu relaŃia:
lb, rqd = 0.25 ⋅ φ ⋅ σ sd f bd Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [10]
11. 11. EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM BETON ARMAT
SemnificaŃia simbolurilor utilizate este: fbd în [MPa] – efortul unitar ultim de aderenŃă, care trebuie să fie suficient pentru a evita ruperea aderenŃei;
valoarea de calcul este: fbd = 2.25 ⋅ h1 ⋅ h 2 ⋅ f ctd SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru h1 , h2 sunt cele conform [pag. 124-125, tab. 5.7-5.8, pct. 5.1.3.1].
SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru f ctd sunt cele conform [pag. 37, tab. 2.1, pct. 2.1.1]. Cu aceste valori se obŃine: ( fbd = 2.25 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1, 8 N mm 2 ) 1,
5 = 2, 7 N mm 2 Cu aceste valori se obŃine: 104,549 N mm 2 = 242, 011 mm ≃ 242 mm 2, 7 N mm 2 LUNGIMEA DE ANCORARE DE CALCUL se
determină cu relaŃia: lbd = α 1 ⋅α 2 ⋅α 3 ⋅α 4 ⋅α 5 ⋅lbd , rqd ≥ lb ,min lb, rqd = 0.25 ⋅ 25 mm ⋅ SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru α1 , α 2 , α 3 , α 4 , α 5
sunt cele conform [pag. 126-127, tab. 5.9, pct. 5.1.3.1]. SemnificaŃia şi valorile utilizate pentru lb ,min sunt cele conform [pag. 127, rel. (5.11)-(5.12), pct.
5.1.3.1]. Cu aceste valori se obŃine: α1 = 1 – armătură dreptă întinsă 0, 7 ≤ α 2 = 1 − 0,15 ⋅ [ min ( 30 mm; 40 mm 2 ; 30 mm ) − 25 mm ] 25 mm = 1, 03 > 1
→ α 2 = 1 – armătură dreptă întinsă ( 0, 7 ≤ α 3 = 1 − 0, 05 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 101 mm − 0, 25 ⋅ 2946 mm 2 2 ) 2946 mm = 1, 009 > 1 → α 3 = 1 – armătură întinsă 2 α 4 = 1
– armătură dreptă întinsă, fără confinare prin armături transversale sudate p în [MPa] – presiunea din reacŃiune şi încărcările de pe grindă p= F ⋅ t1 105 ⋅103
N ⋅ 300 mm = = 0,35 MPa 300 mm ⋅ 300 mm bw ⋅ t1 0, 7 ≤ α 5 = 1 − 0, 04 ⋅ p = 1 − 0, 04 ⋅ 0,35 MPa = 0,986 ≤ 1 – confinare prin compresiune transversală lb
,min = max {0, 3 ⋅ 242 mm;10 ⋅ 25 mm;100 mm} = max {72, 6 mm; 250 mm;100 mm} = 250 mm Cu aceste valori se obŃine: lbd = max (1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 1 ⋅ 0, 986
⋅ 242 mm; 250 mm ) = max ( 238, 61 mm; 250 mm ) = 250 mm Se adoptă o LUNGIME DE ANCORARE EFECTIVĂ lb, eff = 270 mm > lbd = 250 mm ,
adică lăŃimea reazemului din care se scade stratul de acoperire de 30 [mm]. Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist. Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN [11]
12. 12. FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist.
Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN BETON ARMAT [12]
13. 13. FACULTATEA DE CONSTRUCłII Cluj- Napoca CATEDRA CBACM EXEMPLU DE DIMENSIONARE PROBLEMA 001 Prof. Dr. Ing. Z. KISS, Asist.
Ing. M. BINDEA, Drd. Ing. D.V. MOLDOVAN BETON ARMAT [13]

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