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Q.319.14
P537
1951-52
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1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
1 Pacific Era - Pax Filipina
By M. FAROLAN
Editor and Publisher, PHILIPPINES HERALD
T may seem fantastic to say that the Pacific era is
the era of Philippine progress and ascendancy in
the Pacific yet the facts of contemporary history
concerning the Pacific basin fully justify such a
statement . The events that significantly marked the
dawn of the twentieth century also presaged the new
historical epoch - that we now associate with the region's
new importance in world developments. The Philippines
is intimately linked with such events for it was here in
our islands so strategically located at the crossroads of
the Far East that American influence cast anchor after
its expansion westward across the greatest of all oceans .
Based in the Philippines, that influence reached
out to the most distant corners of our own Asia . And with
the Philippines as its firm citadel, America established
itself as the dominant power in the western Pacific area .
Without the Philippines, America's “ manifest destiny"
would probably not have spread to and made itself felt
this far. Without the Philippines for a laboratory and
operating station, there would have been no Philippine
experiment in democracy and self determination for de
pendent Asian peoples. The torch that finally brought
the glow of a new day to hundreds of millions and awak
ened them to a new destiny might never have been light
ed . And without the successful establishment of a Phil
ippine republic, with the impressive train of events that
followed close in its wake , there would be no Pacific era
worth the name.
Thus it is not without good logic that the so-called
Pacific era may be regarded as the era of the most iar-
reaching events of Philippine history and consequently it
may be properly recorded in modern annals as the Phil-
ippine era.
What has Philippine progress meant to the peoples
and races living in the Pacific area ?
First, at the beginning of the century , democracy
planted its roots on Asian soil. This occurred in Phil
ippine territory when the United States took over the
islands from the crumbling rule of imperial Spain . It
was an experiment that had the profoundest influence
on Western colonial power in Asia and on the future of
the submerged peoples of the eastern hemisphere
Second, the spirit of altruism and helpfulness
S.
that characterized the American regime in the Phil-
ippines developed a new pattern of relationship between
two peoples , one great and the other small and weak,
which eventually forged an enduring bond of loyal friend
ship that even the greatest of wars could not destroy.
This constitutes today a solid foundation for East-West
cooperation for mutual security and benefit
Third, Philippine independence, which came about
under distinctly peaceful auspices, set the pace for the
growth and spread of national movements for self -gov-
ernment and for a determined bid for freedom from for
eign domination in the area . With the developments
that led to the recognition of the Filipinos' right to na
tional independence , came a process of disintegration of
Western colonial rule, the emergency of new nations and
their achievement of sovereignty as independent states.
This has had the effect of dignifying once down-trodden
races and of giving them a standing of equality with
their former rulers , which should soon lead to the res
>
toration of a spirit of mutual respect , sincere collabora
tion for common progress and a general endeavor for
- harmony and peace.
Not improperly , therefore , may such a regime of
mutual esteem and trust and mutually beneficial re
lations inspired by, and fashioning itself after, the Philip-
pines' career in nationhood – a regime among nations
in the area that is characteristically pacific - be called
PAX FILIPINA .
From the standpoint of Philippine ideals and as-
: pirations what lessons should a Pacific era or a PAX
--
H241r.90 Perkosta
1.1
i 1
FILIPINA teach and what would they mean in the lives
of peoples and countries in the region ?
Again, let's go back to the record of Philippine pro
gress since the turn of the century.
Along with the re-establishment of peace and or
der following the Spanish-American war and the revo
lutions against both Spain and the United States , came
America's inauguration of a universal system of public
education in the Philippines. Education became a cor
nerstone of Philippine progress.
Together with education came practical training in
civic duty and the science of government. Progres
sive acquisition and assumption of the responsibilities
of self-rule gave the Filipinos an excellent preparation for
the exercise of sovereign authority.
The beneficent effects of their early apprenticeship
in a democratic form of government ; their long school
ing in the practice of suffrage , in peaceful acquiescence
to majority rule and in the faithful acceptance of popu
lar verdicts as well as the dicta of duly established courts
of justice; their close observation of the American admi
nistrators, sincere concern for the welfare of the under
privileged and the underdeveloped minorities among their
population ; their own brave resistance to invaders of
their land and winning battle against Communist sub
version ; and finally, their conspicuous success as an in
dependent Republic and notable participation in Unit
ed Nations activities and other international conferen
ces—these have built into their character as a nation the
qualities that now render them best qualified and well
suited to deal with all their neighbors, far and near ,
irrespective of their political , social and economic cir
cumstances , in a manner that is friendly and fair and
on a basis of understanding , sympathy and helpfulness.
With such rich experience and varied training, the
Filipinos are a people that should be able to contribute
very substantially to the practical advancement of the
common cause among "nations in the Pacific basin , not
through power because they are not physically power
ful , not through economic pressure for they are no more
economically better developed than most of théür neigh
bors but through their vision and initiative, through the
sheer force of their leadership in ideas that have proved
their validity in their country's growth as well as in its
relations with others through amicable and useful-con
tacts, through mutual counsel and cooperation.
Proud and jealous of their newly acquired inde
pendence , they are not over sensitive on matters involv
ing sovereignty -- they actually share today certain of
their sovereign prerogatives with their American bene
factors and friends , with whom they maintain mutual
ly beneficial relations – aa spirit that perhaps portends
the early realization of the old-age dream of a really
well-knit and happy family of nations .
Conscious of their rights as an independent state ,
they are yet eager to prove their willingness to place their
trust in a United Nations organization to shape for all
humanity a life of security and contentment and a re
gime of tranquility among all nations.
Deeply aware of their weakness , they yet offer, as
they have done in the case of the Korean war , what
little strength they have so that others may live safe
from international lawlessness and free to evolve a form
of existence best suited to their peculiar nature and
needs.
That's
rit that the Filipino
animates character
the Republic and Philippines.
of the that's the And
spi
with that character and in that spirit the Filipino peo
ple will lead , they will play their part, they will ear
nestly strive to give the Pacific era its substance culled
out of their own experience, fashioned with their hopes
and prayers and set as the high goal of their endeavors
-PAX FILIPINA — a regime of peace , security and pro
gress in the Pacific inspired by Philippine ideals.
2 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

REGULAR SERVICES The Philippine

ALL OVER INDONESIA
Yearbook PUBLISHED YEARLY BY THE HERALD - OMHM
WEEKLY
M. Farolan
SERVICE Editor & Publisher
MANILA Jose J. Perez de Tagle
JACARTA Business Manager
H. P. Vibal
Yearbook Editor
PER
CONVAIR - LINER
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
Pacific Era , M. Farolan
Index to Advertisers 4
The Philippines in the Pacific, Elpidio Quirino 7
US -PI Mutual Defense Treaty, Carlos P. Romulo 10

Our Affairs with Our Neighbors, Felino Neri 12

Reparations, M. N. Querol 14

Preserving Freedom, Maj . Gen. Albert Pierson 15

Fighting Communism , Cornelio Balmaceda 16

Democracy's Economic Offensive, Conrado Benitez 18

The New Social Order, Asuncion Perez 20
UN Technical Assistance, William J. Ellis 21
UN Science Work in the Philippines, Jan Smid 24
25
WHO in PI
Veterans Payments, Gen. Ralph Lovett 26
28
American Aid, Dr. Ronald R. Renne
The Philippines Does Her Part, Jose Yulo 31
Financing Philippine Development, Miguel Cuaderno Sr.....
A New Era in Banking, A. Calalang 34
Philippine Commerce, A. de las Alas 36

Capital Structure, Hans Menzi 38

Taking Stock of Investments, Delfin Buencamino 40

GarudaINDONESIAN AIRWAYS The Philippines, Statistically, Alfredo Eugenio

Developing Agriculture, Fernando Lopez
41
42
44
Mindanao, Felix D. Maramba
GENERAL AGENTS New Industries, Jose P. Marcelo 46
50
ROYAL INTEROCEAN LINES Drugs , Dr. A. Liboro
51
Our Tobacco, Mariano E. Gutierrez
MARSMAN BUILDING , MUELLE DE SAN FRANCISCO Philippine Mines , Nestorio Lim 52
PORT AREA , MANILA TELS. 3-34-91, 3-34-92
Philippine Highways, Sotero Baluyut 58
Construction Progress, Eduardo R. Escobar 62
66
Auto Problems, PAPDA
Commercial Aviation , P. C. Morantte 68

"for the Problems of Philippine Education , James Meader

The Role of U. P., Vidal A. Tan
702
72

Accounting, Francisco Dalupan 74

HEALTH Our Sports, Ceferino Baquizal

Ylanan , E. Lachica
76
77

Combatting Evils, E. Sobrepeña 78

of the nation ' The University of Manila
The Yearbook Appendices
95
100

R. This pharmacy is proud of its 1. Treaties & Public Laws 100

professional heritage, and of 11. 1951-1952 Yearbook Directory 114
151
the modern pharmaceuticals , III. Statistics
biological and antibiotics it is Pictorial Inserto
prepared to dispense on your The President Travels 6A
International Conferences 14A
physician's prescription.
EDCOR 20A
Handicraft 22A

Farmacia CENTRAL, INC.IMPORTER

Painting, Anita Magsaysay-Ho 30A
50A
Industrialization
Construction 64A
Wholesale & Retail Druggists
76A
248 Rosario , Manila Tels. 2-62-90 & 2-95-78 Painting, Mario Felipe
Fishing Map of the Philippines 98A
 14 EXCELLENT REASONS
Why Shippers Everywhere Look to the

PORT of SAN FRANCISCO

1. FREQUENCY OF SERVICE- Last year 8,000 ves 8. CONTINUOUS BELT LINE SWITCHING- 24 -hour -

sels moved in and out of the Golden Gate - daily -

a day service to and from the Port's 42 deep
average 22 . water piers .
2. CROSSROADS OF WORLD COMMERCE Here a -
9. SPECIAL SHIPSIDE FACILITIES – Refrigeration
-

total of 268 world ports are served by 233 ship Terminal two shiplengths frontage, Bulk Grain
1
ping lines . Elevator, Vegetable Oil Tanks .
4
3. EXTENSIVE BERTHING SPACE – 18 miles of -

10. FOREIGN TRADE ( FREE) ZONE - Established by

-

berths means no delays in loading or unloading the Port Management in 1948 to make easy the
10 way of the trader .
cargo .
12
4. THROUGH EXPORT BILLS OF LADING - One sin 11. MOTOR TRUCK LINES - San Francisco is the
-

gle billing from point of origin to final destination . nucleus of a vast network of transcontinental ,
15
5. FREEDOM FROM ACCESSORIAL CHARGES - This coast and regional lines .
16
applies to all export and import shipments except 12. PROGRESSIVE MODERNIZATION PROGRAM
. 18 local . - Since 1945 , $ 10,000,000 worth of improve
.

. 20 ments . Another $ 10,000,000 coming up.

21
6. TRANSSHIPMENT WITH MINIMUM DELAY
-Quick handling in transferring from major trade 13. PHYSICAL ADVANTAGES – The broad harbor
-

.. 24 routes to lesser ones . permits ships to reach berths without delays of 1

... 25 maneuvering in dog-leg channels . No corners .

7. FOUR TRUNK LINE RAILROADS – Southern Pa.-

.. 26
cific, Western Pacific, Santa Fe and Northwestern 14. FREE TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT SERVICE - Any -

28 Pacific . shipper anywhere may obtain any desired in

.. 31 formation about rates, schedules , or procedure .
.. 32 San Francisco, Traffic Department, Ferry Build
... 34 ing . Chicago , L. T. Waidell, Special Agent, 35 E.
36 Wacker Drive .
BOARD OF STATE HARBOR
... 40
... 41
COMMISSIONERS
goed
42 FOR SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR
... 4 (Owned and operated by the State of California)
46
50
51
.... 52
58
62
66
68
‫رار‬

o
74
r
76
17 22
2222
78
95
100

n c is co
100 a
S Fn r a
114
151

6A o
t
14A
20A
22A
30A
50A
648
764
988 /
4. THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

SUPPORTING ... Index To Advertisers

А M

PHILIPPINE INDUSTRY Advertising Associates, Inc.

American International
ters for the Phil . Inc.
American President Lines
Underwri
49

59
77
Marsman & Co. , Inc.
Menzi & Co. ,
Misamis Lumber Company
Inc.

Muller & Phipps ( Manila ) Ltd.

43
63
113

Arellano University 91 (Kolynos -Anacin ) 93

WE OFFER THESE FAMOUS BRANDS Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Co.
B
45
National Merchandising
N
Corpora
Bear Brand Milk ( F. E. Zuellig, tion 81
ACME - Firebrick and Fireclay Inc ) , in colors Inside Back Cover Northwest Airlines 89
ASBURY GRAPHITE — Powdered and Flake Graphite Binalbagan - Isabela Sugar Co. , P
ANTI - BORAX - Welding Flux Inc. 87 Pan American World Airways 105
с Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co. of PI.
ÅTLAS—Hickory Handles for all purposes Inc. , in colors .. Inside Back Cover
BOND — Casters and Transmission Equipment Capital Insurance & Surety Co. , 105 Philippine Air Lines, in colors
Inc.
Inside Back Cover
BROWN & SHARPE - Precision Tools Cebu Portland Cement Co. 111
Philippine Association , Inc. 73
BARNES — Pumps for all purposes Central Bank ( R & D Bonds )
Centro Escolar University
43
57 Philippine Automotive Distribu
CLING SURFACE - Belt Preservative China Banking Corporation 91 tors Association 109
Philippine Bank of Communica
CONSOLIDATED BRASS—Air Cocks, Lubricators, Gages Colgate Ribbon Dental Cream
Cromwell Commercial Co. , Inc.
101
tions 103
CORINTH — Sawmills and Equipment ( Glo-Co ) 57 Philippine Charity Sweepstakes 103
CHAMPION & RUSCO — Brake Lining for Industrial purposes D Philippine Chinese General Cham
ber of Commerce 53
DUXBAK—Leather Belting , Cups, Lacings, Specialties Davies & Co. Theo H. ( Union O11
83
Philippine Electrical Manufactur
DODGE — V -Belts and Speed Reducers Products ) ing Co. (PEMCO ) 109
E
ENTERPRISE_Process Machinery and Equipment Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu
Philippine Planters Investment Co.
Inc. 47
EVERSETZ High Temperature Cement Iron Works Co. 57 Port of San Francisco 3
FOWLE — Band Saw Blades and Saws for all uses F PRISCO 2 79
2 R
FAFNIR – Ball Bearings , Pillow Blocks, Trans. Equip. Farmacia Central
G
Royal Interocean Lines 2
GLOBE — Hoists for Industrial and Automotive use Goodrich Tires, B. F. 99
s

HAYNES — Stellite Welding Rods San Miguel Brewery 5

Gregorio Araneta , Inc. in colors Shurdut Mill Supply Co. , Inc. 4
Cover
HAZARD – Wire Rope, Dredge Chain Back
Standard Vacumm Oil Co. 39
н
HEWITT – Rubber Belting and Hoses for all Industries Heacock's 37
T
Tide Water Associated Oil Co. 4
HARRINGTON & KING–Centrifugal Perforated Brass J Transocean Air Lines 95
Screens Jai -Alai 6 U

IDACO — Edgers, Log Turners K

United States Tobacco Co. ( Bright
75
Leaf Cigarette ) 99
LEMPCO — Crankshaft Grinders and Shop Equipment Keller & Co. , Ltd. , Ed . A.
L
University of Manila 107
Y
MT. VERNON — Sewing Machine Cotton Twine La Estrella del Norte 101 Yao , William Li 91
NEWARK — Wire Brushes of all types La Tondeña, Inc. ( Manila Rum ) 41 Yutivo Sons Hardware Co. 85
NICE – Industrial and automotive thrust ball bearings
OWATONNA — Industrial and automotive tools ( While care has been taken to assure accuracy in this inder , the Phil
POWER — Nickel Babbit, Anti - Friction Metal, Bronze ippines Herald assumes no responsibility for any omission or mistake.)
Bearings
PABC0—85 % Magnesia Cement, Pipe Covering
PALMETTO — Packings for all purposes
PEERLESS—Chain Hoists and electric hoists
ROEBLING - Wire Cloth, Wire Netting, Screen
REPUBL :C_Solder Lead, Type Metals,Pig Lead, Tin
RBC - Straight Roller Bearings, Cylindrical Roller Bearings
RUEMELIN—Sand Blasting Units and accessories
SIMONDS – Grinding Wheels
SQUARE D—Electrical Motor Controls and accessories
SIOUX - Electrical Tools, Drills, Bench Grinders
SMITH - WAY-Electric Motors
SUPERIOR — Belt Hooks
STORMPROOF - Roof Cement
SHRIVER—Filter Presses
SUPREMA - Shovels and Scoops
TYSON—Tapered Roller Bearings
TURCO_Industrial Chemical Compounds, Steam Cleaners,
V. D. ANDERSON — Coconut Oil Mill machinery and
equipment — Expellers and Dryers
WESTINGHOUSE - Air Compressors of all sizes
WHITNEY — Roller Chains and Sprockets

THE FILM OF PROT

ECTI
ON
found wherever VEEDOL
fine cars travel MOTOR
The most modern develop
OIL
ments of science now fortify
VEEDOL with " the Film of
Protection." Your motor PREM
We invite your IUM QUA
Complete stocks of deserves the extra pro LITY
inquires supplies for mills and tection of Premium Quality
on the above factories available at VEEDOL, the World's
all times . Most Famous Motor Oil . THE FILM OF PROTECTION

FLYING X DEALERS
AT

TIDE WATER
SHURDUT MILLSuppli
SUPPLY CO., INC. ASSOCIATED
Hardware * Mill es Machinery A OIL COMPANY
446-448 Dasmariñas * Manila * Tels. 3-33-15 & 3-87-01 MANILA CEBU DAVAO • ILOILO • LEGASPI
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 5

Thro ughout the

1890
62-year history of San Miguel Brewery , the manage .
ment has consistently maintained the policy of manufacturing products
of the highest quality at the lowest possible cost to the consumer. In
order to carry out this policy , the facilities of the company have been
continuously expanded and improved so that today , as in other years,
San Miguel products and facilities know no peer.
San Miguel Pale Pilsen San Miguel Cerveza Negra San Miguel Super- Bock
Corrugated Board Boxes
Coca - Cola Royal Tru -Orange
Royal London Dry Ginger Ale Ice
Magnolia Ice Cream Cold Storage
and Dairy Products Cock'n Bull Ginger Beer Carbon Dioxide ( CO2 )
Glass Containers Liquid and Solid
Royal Soda

‫בטון‬
1952 2 SAN MIGUEL.BREWERY

IL HILO .

San Miguel Brewery Inc.

HOME OF QUALITY PRODUCTS SINCE 1890
 Jai-Alai
The Game of OUSAN
THRILLS

Jai-AlaiCorporation of thePhilippinco
214 TAFT AVE. , MANILA
 BROADENING OUR HORIZONS
And

Building The Prestige Of The Republic Abroad

His Excellency , President Elpidio Quirino, strengthening our

Foreign Relations and promoting International Goodwill .
 гио !ЯОН Яuссии3CAOgя

bsorda bilduqasi srit spitzsi9 ont erriblica

18 2019tpstant to cihit13 by a vіезін

$Iidshou furortastisil popijos bin akosiniga to'y

1
 6A

The President Travels

6B

IN SPAIN
DC.6 IN the autumn of 1951
President Quirino made a
state visit to Spain and he
was well - received there , as
these photos show. At left
he is seen greeting the Spa
nish people as he arrivedon
Iberian soil. Directly below
are more pictures taken of
his arrival, being welcomed
by Spanish Generalissimo
Franco. Pictures on oppo
site page describe his vạr
ious activities in Madrid ,
with General and Mrs. Fran
co at their official residence ,
with other Spanish officials
and with church dignitaries.
The President's trip to Spain
was a great success.

B E R I A
35
IM
9
 6C

2012

an

kim

WWW.
88
 6D

JAK .

4 .
IN INDONESIA
Pictures on this page describe graphically the recent visit ( July 1952 ) of President Quirino to Indonesia. Top left the President is
admiring a painting of Madam Sukarno, wife of the Indonesian president ; other scenes show President Quirino with President
Sukarno and other Indonesian officials.
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
The Philippine
PUBLISHED YEARLY BY THE HERALD - DMKM
Concluding a treaty : Right photo shows Pres
ident Quirino, left , shaking hands with Amer
ican President Harry S. Truman after the con
clusion of the PI- US treaty of alliance. In the
background are J. Miguel Elizalde, at the time
Philippine ambassador to US , and Carlos P. Ro
mulo , his successor .
The Philippines In The Pacific
THE FIGHT FOR DEMOCRACY AND SECURITY
By His Excellency President ELPIDIO QUIRINO
HEN we established on July 4 , 1946 the Repub-
lic of the Philippines , we envisioned a state of
W enduring peace and prosperity. In accordance
with our Constitution, we did not contemplate
then , do not contemplate now nor will contemplate in
the future, to prepareour country for military aggression.
Peace and not military preparedness is the founda-
tion of our Republic. Our ambition is to live a free and
independent existence. We concentrate our highest ef-
His Excellency President ELPIDIO QUIRINO
dent
C dependence until shortly after we secured our own in
ī
forts on the development of our rich natural resources in
order to secure for ourselves and our children a pros
perous and peaceful life without molestation from within
or from without. We face the future confident in our
capacity to bring abundance , security and peace to our
people through the tested constitutional processes of
freedom and democracy.
To succeed in this twofold endeavor of development
and democracy is to serve not only our national welfare
but to make a positive contribution to the struggle for
freedom and security in the Pacific and in the world as
a whole. We realize that the attainment of our people's
betterment at home is basically the best means to help
clear the way for the widening enjoyment of freedom
and security in the family of nations.
Thus it is that in planning and pursuing our coun
try's salvation , we strive to keep within the context of the
broadest regional and global tasks toward abundance,
peace and ordered living. By reason of our strategic
location , we see that it is within the Pacific area that our
constructive influence is bound to be appreciably felt.
Likeus, most of our immediateneighborsbelong to the
category of economically underdeveloped nations.
Most of them have not come to a status of political in
1946. Like us, they are committed to the way of free
dom and democracy. This is not the same as saying that
freedom and democracy are now securely established in
their midst. But the will is there and time is bound to
sustain it .
We say that from the experience of our own Republic
in the last six years. Our Republic in 1946 could not have
started under more unfavorable conditions .
enlightened association with America.
World War
II left our country a shambles physically and morally.
We had nothing but the heritage of a heroic tradition in
the struggle for freedom , and the distilled record of de
mocratic experience covering almost half a century of
It was perfectly understandable that the birth of our
Republic should be greeted with a kind of desperate hope
at home and abroad. Misgiving was rank on every side.
All we could count on was our determination to succeed
and survive, and the friendship and generosity of a na
8 THE PHILIPPINE
and die for in Bataan and Corregidor. And it provided
President Quirino confers with the top brass of
the American armed forces which are commit
ted to defend the Philippines and the Far East
against communist onslaughts. Above two pic
tures show him with American admirals, and
bottom picture shows him with the command
ing officers of the United States Air Forces
stationed at Clark Field .
YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
tion that helped us up along the democratic way .
The feeling that our neighbors and the rest of the
world were watching the first steps of our infant Repub
lic strengthened our will, as nothing else did , to succeed
and to win their respect. We saw that for us to succeed
would be to bolster the faith of neighbor nations similar
ly placed and to reinforce in the same measure the chance
of democracy to grow and survive elsewhere.
Consider it a happy coincidence, but we had reason
to feel gratified that we were the first dependent Asian
people to achieve independence after the war. In quick
succession , followed India , Pakistan , Ceylon , Burma, Ko
rea and Indonesia. Our example confirmed and
facilitated a historic trend that is still active and will
continue to be, until all the world is free .
After six years of freedom , we can say that the de
mocracy we have founded in our land is based upon the
spontaneous, unregimented but intelligent expression of
each citizen's will, the combined expression of which re
presents the true will of the greatest number for the
guidance and benefit of all. It is a democracy that intel
ligently evaluates men and events, analyzes the measures
adopted and searches the popular benefits accruing
therefrom in every national undertaking. This is the
democracy that we seek to nurture and perpetuate. It
denies the monopoly of civic virtues by any individual
or group of individuals. It carries no sanction for the
enjoyment by a privileged few of the country's wealth
and power.
It was loyalty to this kind of democracy that enabled
us to keep high our spirit and turn defeat to victory dur
ing the darkest moment in the history of our nation. It
was what gave our people something really to fight for
our people the soundest reason to live for since the birth
of our Republic. Today it accounts for the vigor of our
free institutions as we use them to advance the national
welfare .
Two recent events in our political life especially at Saw
test to this vigor. During a period of the highest political
tension in the session of our Congress last year, the sug
members found their way to agreement, crystallizing
den
their will and wisdom in the passage of vital tax and
labor legislations that now guarantee our country's eco UOL
nomic stability. And in the latter part of the same year, at na
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1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 9

we saw a passionately contested but most orderly election

throughout the nation in which winner and loser alike
rightfully shared a claim in the common victory – that
of democracy. Both events were historic tests of a Advisory bodies which help President Quirino
vigorous democratic system patriotically sensitive to ur run the affairs of the state . Top is a photo of
gent national imperatives. his cabinet meeting in Malacañan . Bottom
Our kind of democracy, in which essential regulation pictures show him conferring (1 ) with the Na
is not held incompatible with free enterprise or freedom tional Economic Council and (2 ) with the Coun
of expression , is the best explanation for the great cil of State , the highest advisory body .
measure of moral and material recovery from the des
truction of the last war. It has spurred our people's in
itiative to rebuild in the face of many limitations. The
restored and expanded public improvements that now dot
our cities and towns and countrysides, the new and bet
ter homes our people have built for themselves with their
own resources and with government assistance, the re
habilitated and new industries that set new records above
prewar figures of productivity and production testify to
the generous release of our people's energies under the
climate of freedom alone possible in a truly democratic
system.
We expect accelerated speed in our economic develop
ment and the advancement of our people's living stan
dards according as our government's basic industry pro
jects, especially those exploiting our power resources,
come into production. We have made and seen sufficient
progress in this direction to encourage us that we are on
the right track in giving our people an increasing stake
in the democratic system .
Our country has inherited political, economic and
social problems bred of centuries of domination, ignor
ance and poverty. Hangovers of these problems in vary
ing degrees of gravity are still present to encourage their
exploitation bya new breed of power-famished men that
has gained adherents in our midst. These men thrive in
an atmosphere of misery, chaos and violence; they would
usurp the promises of democracy to gain control and con
vert a country into one slave camp.
They were a grave threat to our Republic when we got
started. But since we assumed the hazards and obliga
tions of freedom and got our total economic mobilization
program under way, this grave threat has been placed
under control and has spent much of its original force.
We have built a military arm devoted to our free institu
(Continued on page 147)
 10 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951-1

The US-PI Mutual

Defense Treaty
By Gen. CARLOS P. ROMULO
Ambassador of the Philippines to the United States
and
Permanent Representative to the United Nations

(Editor's Note : In this article, General Romulo discusses the

historical background, intent, and implications of the United
States - Philippine mutual defense treaty, which he signed as
Philippine Foreign Secretary with United States Secretary of
State Dean Acheson in August 1951.)
CARLOS P. ROMULO

OLLOWING similar action by the United States obtain the strongest possible guaranties of our nationa
senate, the recent ratification by the Philippine security. The United States government felt that thi
F senate of the mutual defense treaty between the
United States and the Philippines completes the
constitutional process of translating, in the words of
terms of the two treaties, that with Australia and Nev
Zealand and that with the Philippines , should be a
nearly identical as possible. Moreover, the strong op
Secretary of State Acheson, “ into dignified andmutual position which the so -called “automatic clause” of the
form relationship of inter-dependence which already North Atlantic Treaty had aroused in congress had beer
exists .” such as to induce us to accept the formula for mutually
The treaty marks a new milestone not only in the defensive action embodied in the present treaty which
historic association between the United States and the in actual practice , would not be one whit less " automa
Philippines, but also in the relationship between the free tic " than the former .
West and the free East. The treaty affirms the sense of unity of the contract
To set the mutual defense pact in its proper historical ing parties and expresses “ their common determination
context, it is important to bear in mind the definitive to defend themselves against external armed attack . "
policy statement of Secretary of State Acheson concern Article IV constitutes the hard core of the agreement
ing its interpretation and operation. He said : By its terms , each party “ recognizes that an armed at
“ The historical relationship between the United tack in the Pacific area on any of the Parties would be
States and the Philippines, and their common strug- dangerous to its own peace and safety and each declares
gle in the Second World War, are themselves suf- that it would aet to meet the common danger in accord
ficient to assure that, as President Truman said in ance with its constitutional processes. ” It is noteworthy
his public declaration of April 18, 1951 that this language was drawr directly from the historic
'the whole world knows that the United States declaration known as the Monroe Doctrine, than which
recognizes that an armed attack on the Philip- there is no document more sacred in the archives of Am
pines would be looked upon by the United States erican foreign policy .
to its own peace and safety and It is also noteworthy that Article III of the treaty
thatdangerous
as it would act accordingly .' incorporates the language of Senate Resolution 239
“ Furthermore , there already existed an agree Eightieth Congress, the so - called Vandenberg resolution
ment, March 14 , 1947, with the Philippines, grant to the effect that the contracting parties will “ by means
ing the United States certain military rights and of continuous and effective self -help and mutual aid
facilities in the Philippines so that an armed attack develop their capacity to resist armed attack upon them
upon the Philippines would almost automatic selves .
ally involve an attack upon the armed forces of the Like the Monroe Doctrine, the treaty has no fixes
United States. term of life, because it is intended to guard against the
" However, the geographical position of the Phil recurrence of Japanese aggression , which is a possibility
ippines in the Western Pacific and its fully sovereign of uncertain date, as wellas against a common danger o
status made it desirable that the Philippines should
be a full and equal partner in any postwar arrange View of the San Francisco conference at the signing of the Jap
ment for peace and security in this area .” anese peace treaty which the Philippines alongside with othe
rations signed .
It is well to recall that the conversations leading to
the conclusion of the treaty were first started in 1949
when President Quirino instructed me to proceed from
New York to Washington to broach the idea to the of
ficials of the State Department. They were revived
during our negotiations on the peace treaty with Japan.
To allay our people's fear of the recurrence of Japanese
aggression and put Philippine-American security arrange
ments on a firm basis of sovereign equality, President
Quirino instructed me to make a formal proposal to the
State Department through the then United States Am
bassador Myron M. Cowen of a defense pact. After the
idea was further developed in the light of similar con
versations with Australia and New Zealand in August
1951, and following a series of radiograms exchanged
between Manila and Washington , a formal defense treaty
was agreed upon by the two governments.
Although Secretary of State Acheson later observed
that the negotiations were brief " because of the under
standing and community of interest which already exist
ed ” between the two countries, it must be stated that
the negotiations were conducted by our government with
the care and attention which the importance of the
treaty demanded. We prepared our own draft on the
pattern of the North Atlantic Treaty out of a desire to
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 11

" By the terms of this Treaty , the Government of

the United States of America and the Government of
wo) the Republic of the Philippines have assumed the so
iemn obligation to assist each other in case of armed
attack against either or both of them from any
source whatever. This obligation covers any act of
у aggression, whether proceeding from a new source or
arising from a repetition of aggression ."
As is customary in such cases, the text of my state
> ment had previously been given to the state department
for its information. The interpretation of the scope and
intent of the treaty has never been held in question . In
actual fact, the supposition that, under the treaty, the
United States would feel obliged to defend us against
communist attack , but would lift no finger to do the
as the same against Japanese aggression is so manifestly con
Inited trary to common sense that one must wonder why it
ed as should ever be advanced. This can conceivably happen ,
ry of of course , but only when the conscience of America is
dead. When that happens, no treaty whatever, not even
one which explicitly provides that the United States will
defend us against Japanese aggression can avail us any.
thing. Moreover, as already indicated , the development
of our natic of “ a more comprehensive system of regional security
at felt that :
stralia and Carlos P. Romulo, seated, signs the Philippine- US defense treaty in the Pacafic area” is envisaged in common in the sec
as President Quirino and President Truman look on .
urity arrangements between the United States and the
i , should be : four Pacific countries, Australia, New Zealand , Japan ,
the strong and the Philippines. The inclusion of Japan as a vital
i clause" of link in the contemplated system of regional security and
ngress had it indefinite duration , namely, the danger of communist at her solemn commitment in the Japanese peace treaty to
ila for mutu tack upon one or both of the signatories . It is tacitly un abide by the Charter of the United Nations are our best
nt treaty wt . derstood by the parties that if either danger should cease , safeguards against the danger of renewed Japanese ag
it less " aute
then the basis for the agreement would disappear and the gression . So long as Japan acts as a member of the Pa
treaty itself could be terminated . cific security system , no defense against her would be
of the contra The treaty has implications that transcend purely necessary; if she commits aggression against another
n determinat national interests. They bear directly upon the free member of the system , she forfeits her membership and
Lrmed attack
world's program of action , spearheaded by the United becomes an enemy, and will be dealt with as such by all
of the agreen States , for creating peace and security in the Western the remaining allies and by the United Nations.
Pacific. Indeed the agreement may be considered as the It should be noted that, in any even, our traditionai
at an armed cornerstone of the developing security system in the Pa mutuality of political , economical, and strategic interests
Parties would : cific with the United States should serve as a powerful deter
nd each deck As stated in the preamble of the treaty, the security rent to further aggressive Japanese designs on the Phil
Aanger in accr. arrangement provided in the agreement is designed to co ippines. As the official American view states, it was " felt
It is notewort ordinate the efforts of the parties for collective defense, that a security arrangement with the United States was
from the histor "pending the development of a more comprehensive sys the normal counterpart of a Japanese Peace Treaty,
rine, than w tem of regional security in the Pacific area.” Thus, to which imposed no restrictions upon Japanese rearma
e archives of A gether with the security pacts concluded by the United ment." As is well-known , we , for our part, wanted this
States with Japan , Australia, and New Zealand, the treaty treaty concluded when it was concluded primarily because
II of the treat clearly contemplates an evolutionary process toward a of the misgivings so clearly recognized in the American
Resolution 2 regional scheme of collective defense. view.
nberg resoluta Such a process would eventually require a perma The unanimity with which the Philippine senate ra
will " by me nent, continuing machinery of some kind—most probab tified the mutual defense treaty was an act of legislative
nd mutual a ly a Pacific Union, the regional counterpart of the North statesmanship of which our country should be proud. It
ack upon ther Atlantic Treaty Organization, which originally was put reaffirms in a most eloquent fashion the pre -existing re
forward by President Quirino as a means of stemming lations of mutual regard and solicitude between the Fil
y has no fins the tide of communism and Soviet imperialism in Asia ipino and the American peoples. It does not create, but
ard against 13 and the Pacific. merely perpetuates a condition of friendship and alliance .
is a possibilit There is a misapprehension in some quarters concern It explains why we are fighting in Korea and why we are
amon danger ing the provision for a consultative council in the security giving the Huks no quarter at home. In the context of
pact between the United States, Australia and New Zea the present world situation, the treaty means that we
ning of the Jos have elected to remain on the side of freedom and democ
pside with other land, which has no counterpart in the mutual defense racy in the struggle against communist despotism and
treaty between the Philippines and the United States. tyranny.
The United States- Australia -New Zealand security agree
ment provides for a consultative relationship through a Philippine delegates relaxing before the signing of the Jap
anese peace treaty in San Francisco September 1, 1952.
council, because , as stated by Secretary of State Acheson ,
while "in the case of the Philippines there already existed
a security arrangement with the United States in the form
of a base agreement, there existed, however, no formal
understanding as between the United States and Austra
i

lia and New Zealand.” In other words, a consultative rela

tionship between the United States and the Philippines
had been in actual operation on the basis of a pre-exist
ing security arrangement, and it was, therefore, not ne
cessary to provide for one in the new treaty. Thus, the
presence in the Philippines of a United States military
mission provides not only the consultative relationship
which the United States- Australia -New Zealand agree
ment envisages, but also, makes possible the on -the-spot
study and implementation of defense requirements and
decisions, a condition which still has to be worked out
between the three countries.
The , fear has also been expressed that the United
States -Philippine mutual defense pact does not protect
the Philippines against the threat of renewed Japanese
aggression. In my capacity as Secretary of Foreign Af
fairs during the signing of the treaty in Washington , I
said :
12 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

OUR AFFAIRS
With Our Neighbors

By FELINO NERI
Under-Secretary of Foreign Affairs

Foreign Secretary Joaquin M. Elizalde on a

mission to Japan .

HORTLY after his return to the United States Gen- contagion is greatest because of the accident of geogra
eral Eisenhower was criticized for his reluctance to phy and relative economic and political instability of the
S define his stand on specific national issues and to
reveal his program of administration in the event
countries that comprise it incident to their recent emerg
ence as independent and sovereign states. In the event
of his election to the Presidency. The general apparently of a general war, therefore, Asia will undoubtedly be a
satisfied his critics with the explanation that in a world main battle front. For those reasons, I have chosen to
that is constantly changing and in turmoil a program confine this discussion primarily to our future relations
that fitted conditions yesterday may be inadequate today. with neighbor countries in this region.
He justified his insistence on confining himself to prin- It goes without saying that the Philippines cannot
ciples by reiterating that principles are eternal. escape involvement in the present power struggle, whe
The same process of reasoning may very well be in ther it develops into an all -out war or continues as a con
voked by any one who is called upon to discuss the future test of nerves and a prolongation by one side of its insid
relations of his country with other countries. The course ious campaign of subversion and infiltration. If war
of action that a nation may pursue vis - a - vis other nat breaks out, our strategic location and resulting proximity
ions,besides being dependent onthe ever-changinginter- to the theater ofhostilities,our being the last bastion of
nationalsituation . is also essentially a matter of strategy. Democracy in the Far Eastespeciallyafter Japanhas
Consequently, any foreign policy must allow for flexibi been lost, our alignment with the democracies as most
lity , adjustments and alternatives, without deviating eloquently evidenced by the presence ofPhilippine troops
in Korea and our alliance with the United States under
from or in any way sacrificing, the basic principle or prin
ciples that motivate it .Confronted with the task of def which it is committed to come to our defense in the event
ining such a policy one can do no more than confine his cf external armed attack , to furnish us military assistance
efforts to tracing its broad cutlines, taking into account and retain bases in our territory, make this involvement
existing factors and the trend and interplayof events that inevitable .
may influence its development in the future. In presenting the future in such somber tones , I do
In the case of our foreign relations, it should be ob not imply that another war is also inevitable. Neither
vious that their future course vitally depends on the out would I discount the ability of the forces of the free world
come of the current struggle between the two opposing to avert it or eventually emerge victorious from it. But
forces that have divided the world into rival camps it is about time, I believe , that a bold and frank appraisal
Democracy and Communism. On this factor, in fact , hin of that future from the point of view of our own interests
was attempted . The events and contingencies that we
ges practically every issue of consequence that confronts
the world, let alone the Philippines, today. envisage may not come to pass but experience has since
shown that the law of probabilities is too reliable to ig
Despite the progress in checking the spread of Com nore as a factor in the field of foreign affairs.
munism that the free world has achieved, the sad fact
remains that it has made its greatest and most signifi Aggression may come our way as a result of the pos
cant gains in Asia. Today, it controls the lives of 755 sible extension of the Korean war beyond the confines of
million souls, 670 million of whom live in this part of that beleaguered peninsula. Japan is the prized Com
the world . Communism has gained access to two -thirds munist objective very essential to its blueprint for the
of the world's wealth, the greater part of which belongs
conquest of Asia. The fall of that country would virtual
to countries in our neighborhood. In China, which rep- ly pave the way for a successful Communist sweep of
resents one fourth of the earth's land surface and oneSoutheast Asia. The Communists may likewise launch
their attack directly from the Chinese mainland , perhaps
sixth of its population , the Communists have followed the
same pattern of subjugation that was used in Eastern simultaneously with their thrust on Japan. The invasion
Europe where they organized vast puppet armies, harn- of Formosa still forms part of the Communist timetable.
essed the economic systems of the countries they have At the same time, they may choose, whether as a
overrun solelyfor the build -up of Communist power, reg- complementary or diversionary move, to launch their
imented the lives of entirepopulations, communized the aggression from the southern part of the Asiatic main
younger generation, and liquidated the upper and middle landby intervening openly in Indo -China throwing their
classes . weight behind the Viet Minh troops and by supporting
It is in Asia, furthermore, where the conflict between the Burmese Communists who have for years harassed
the two ideologies has openly erupted into open violence the government. Should they meet with success in these
and where the danger of Communist subversion is more parts, the position of Thailand and Malaya would become
ominously pressing . In this area exposure to the Red untenable.
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE
The future presents an equally disturbing picture
with respect to our relations with Communist China. In
addition to the immediate threat to our national security
which Formosa continually poses if it falls into unfriend
ly hands, we should not be unmindful of the ambitious
program that Peking has reportedly blueprinted for the
eventual subjugation of Asia , a program which rivals
Moscow's in its absorption of eastern Europe as buffer
states. This plan is said to be based on a revival of Pe
king's ancient imperial claim of overlordship over the ad
joining areas inciuding Korea, Japan, Burma , Indo -Chi
na, Thailand and the Philippines.
The result would be a repetition of practically the
same campaign strategy followed by the War Plans Of
fice in Tokyo late in 1941 which would have succeeded in
extending the Japanese conquest beyond Singapore had
premature over-confidence not made Japan attempt the
sneak attack on Pearl Harbor. If Philippine territory
was not ravaged as part of the plan , the resulting encir
clement would end in our isolation.
It is of course to be expected that before the situation
has reached this disastrous point, the United States will
have acted in accordance with its commitments under
the defense treaties it had signed separately with Japan ,
the Philippines and Australia and New Zealand. But we
must not lose sight of the fact that we are envisaging a
possible all-out offensive which may break out simultan
eously in most if not all of the present areas of tension
both in Europe and in Asia. The free world would be
faced with a multifront problem which would require the
wisest deployment and husbanding of its strength. The
disturbing question , as we look at such a future contin
gency, is : would the forces of freedom be ready and ade
quate to successfully meet the enemy in Europe as in
Asia? Would they be able to hold the line in Asia while
at the same time attending to the demands of the Europ
ean front ? Nearer home and at the present moment,
the only factor that has so far kept the Chinese Commu
nists from attempting the invasion of Formosa is the
presence in the intervening waters of elements of the
United States fleet and air forces. A simultaneous deter
ioration of the situation in Korea , Formosa and Indo
China might tax the protective capacity of these forces
especially if Europe frantically cried for help.
The current conflict between Democracy and Com
munism might prolong itself by methods short of war.
Awareness of this fact forces us to the decision not to relax
in our efforts to meet all the possible dangers that the sit
uation presents and not to let down our guard. We should
be intensely alert to developments. It would be reasona
ble to expect an intensification of Communist pressure
in Japan with the help of the local Communist party
which has shown signs of revitalization. A Communist
Japan would compound the problem of our national sec
urity. Before the Peace Treaty and the end of the Allied
occupation we had feared Japan because of the possibility
of Japanese military resurgence and a repetition of its
last adventure in aggression . Should that enemy fall in
to the Communist orbit we would be confronted with an
added cause for concern from the same source. Despite
Japan's avowals of having embraced the democratic cause ,
it cannot be said that it has completely regained the trust
of the countries it had ravaged in its last bid for empire.
But Japan , whether it goes communist or not , will re
main a problem to us for another reason. I refer to the
possible revival of Japanese economic hegemony in this
part of the world. Deprived of its pre-war supplies of raw
materials with the loss of China and Manchuria , Japan
will have to depend on sources in Southeast Asia . The
United States believes that Japan should get back on her
feet economically in order to be able to resist aggression
and to discharge its role as a bulwark of Democracy in
the Far East. The Peace Treaty signed at San Francisco ,
which the Philippines has not yet ratified , sets the pat
tern for Japanese economic recovery which includes ade
quate safeguards to keep Japanese economic ambitions
within bounds. The fear of the countries in this area , how
ever, is the possible resumption by Japan of its former
role as the workhouse of Asia and their relegation to the
status of mere suppliers of the raw materials necessary to
feed Japanese factories. They would not want Japan to
achieve the economic objectives she went to war for with
out again having to go to war at all. Their concern in
this connection has only been increased by the admis
sion of no less an authority than Prime Minister Yoshida
that Japan would concentrate on economic diplomacy in
YEARBOOK 13
her relations with the countries in this area. Also hardly
had Japan re-acquired its international personality , that
country sent out trades emissaries to reestablish former
ties all over the world.
The present impasse between the two contending pow
ers should afford us an opportunity to devote more im
mediate priority to our relations with the rest of South
and Southeast Asia. One of the cardinal aims of our for
eign policy is the strengthening and consolidation of the
ties that bind us with these countries with which we are
identified by geography and common racial and historical
origins. Pursuant to this objective , we have made com
mon cause with them in the councils of the United Na
tions and in international conferences , especially in up
holding the rights and interests of non-self-governing peo
ples as well as in improving the material well- being of
those living in under -developed areas. In the considera
tion , for example, of the Indonesian question, of the fate
of the former Italian colonies and more recently of the
Tunisian affair, the Asian delegates voted as one . In Ba
guro, two years ago, we succeeded, together with other , 1
Asian countries represented in that meeting, in securing
recognition of the principle of concerted action in all mat
ters affecting our common interests in the political , eco
nomic , cultural and social fields. For the same purpose we
have gradually expanded and elevated the status of our
representation in Asia as far as our limited financial re
sources would permit and quietly extended the network
of treaties of friendship and amity which bind the coun
tries of this area with us. The forthcoming visit of Pres
ident Quirino to Indonesia to reciprocatethat made by
President Sukarno to Manila , and the trips of the former
Secretary of Foreign Affairs to Djakarta and New Delhi ,
are intended to help achieve the same end.
But it must be admitted that despite these auspicious
beginnings we are still far from our goal. The unfortunate
fact is that the Philippines is still suspect in the eyes of
her Asian neighbors. The reasons for this attitude are not
difficult to seek. Our long association with the West and
our absorption of some of its ways in our political, cultu
ral, spiritual and social upbringing have often been mis
taken for an indication of a change in our national orien
tation and outlook. It has unfortunately created the im
pression that we have chosen to cast off our moorings
with Asia . It evidently did not help us any in dispelling
this doubt when we boldly and resolutely took our side in
the present ideological conflict as dictated by our own
interests as well as the interests of the free world. Our
alignment with the Wesī in some issues which we viewed
from the broad perspective of world peace and security
apparently earned for us also the suspicion that we are
stiil imbued with the colonial mentality.
Yet , of all the countries of Asia that were once under
foreign rule we deserve that accusation least . We were the
only subject people in this part of the world that enjoyed
(Continued on page 148 )
At the South East Asia conference, where President Quirino laid
down plans for a SEA union .
14 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
REPARATIONS
By MARIANO N. QUEROL
Member, Philippines Herald Editorial Staff
PP to 1948 the reparations problem was a relatively
simple one . It involved an aggressor and a victim
Uand how much and in what fashion the aggressor
was to pay the victim for damage done. Defeated
Japan , obeying orders from the Far Eastern commission,
sent the Philippines, its principal victim, over P20 million
worth of reparations equipment with the pledge that
more was to come. Then the Communist powers, follow
ing Japan on the road to hegemony , stood poised for a
sweep southward from the Asian mainland and the prob
lem became magnified by factors of power politics.
It now no longer merely involved an aggressor and
a victim and the exaction of just compensation for losses
wrought. In an odd reversal of positions, the aggressor
-in this case Japan- all at once became more impor
tant than the victim . The problem reduced itself to how
speedily Japan could be made strong enough to act as a
barricade against the Communist line of advance.
This new factor ruled out reparations and dictated a
“ soft” peace. The Allied camp. led by America and Bri
tain , knew that it had a fight in its hands and that it
should do all it could to prevent Japanese armed power
from sliding down the Iron Curtain . This awareness was
expressed in writing in the Peace Treaty of San Francisco,
which its architect quickly labelled the "treaty of recon
ciliation ."
" If you use the lash ,” said John Foster Dulles, " if you
exact reparations, if you constrict Japanese economic op
portunity, if you act as jailer and master of slave labor,
if you drive Japanese fishing off the seas and shut down
her textile mills, you will create a peace that can only
lead to bitter animosity and in the end drive Japan into
the orbit of Russia . "
Mr. Dulles, who blueprinted the treaty and peddled it
to Japan's enemies in one of the biggest selling expedi
tions in modern times, is one of America's foremost rep
arations experts. His claim that reparations bear the
seeds of future wars has some basis in historical fact. But
the Philippines, still licking its war wounds, was not quite and talks had to be suspended three times in the 20-day
prepared to accept his demand for a complete waiver of period during which they were in progress. The third
reparations on the part of nations which Japan occu
pied . It insisted that someform of reparations be defined
in the peace treaty consistent with the objective of keep
ing Japan in the Allied orbit.
Former Foreign Secretary Carlos P. Romulo, in meet
ings with Ambassador Myron M. Cowen , not only barred
a waiver but stuck to the proposition that Japan should
meet its reparations obligations when it becomes econo
mically strong enough to do so. The result was the in
sertion of the " services" clause in the treaty by which
it was recognized that Japan should
1 ) " Pay reparations to the Allied powers for the da-
The Japanese reparations mission to the Philippines in
conference .
1951 - 1952
mage and suffering caused by it during the war ,” al
though its resources " are not presently sufficient , if it is
to maintain a viable economy , to make complete repara
tions for all such damage and suffering and at the same
time meet its other obligations."
2 ) Make available , " with a view to assisting to com
pensate those countries for the cost of repairing the da
mage done ” the " services of the Japanese in production,
salvaging and other work for the Allied powers in ques
tion .
Insertion of the phrase " not presently sufficient,” re
ferring to Japan's capacity to make complete reparations,
was the work of the Philippines and a tribute to Filipino
stubbornness. The phrase insinuates that Japan should
make complete payments when it acquires the means to
do so — a thought comforting to many Filipinos.
The hard fact, however, is that payment of repara
tions in cash and kind — the objective on which the Phil
ippines had set its heart — had been ruled out. The chief
merit of the reparations clause , as finally embodied in the
treaty , lies in its making available to the Philippines the
use of heavy industry in processing Philippine raw ma
terials into capital and other equipment needed to stim
ulate and expand the Philippine economy. For example,
the Philippines, furnishing the iron and steel, could have
an ocean-going vessel built in Japanese shipyards with
free Japanese labor and technical know -how ."
The " services" clause evoked mixed feelings. In quar
ters which claimed intimacy with the “ realities ” of Far
Eastern power politics, it was deemed satisfactory. The
Nacionalistas, who had climbed to power in the senate,
stuck to reparations in cash and kind and described the
administration's acceptance of the clause as a betrayal
of the people.
Under these circumstances the Philippines met with
Japan last January to " explore" the issue and work out a
satisfactory formula . Amid protestations of Japanese
good faith , Foreign Secretary Joaquin M. Elizalde submit
ted a three-point demand : 1 ) recognition by Japan of
Philippine claims in the amount of P16,159,000,000 , 2)
settlement of the claims within ten but not more than 15
years , 3 ) payment of partial or interim reparations be
fore the Philippines ratifies the treaty or concludes a
reparations agreement.
The Japanese delegation , led by an official of cabinet
rank , Juichi Tsushima, shied away from these demands
point proved particularly knotty. In the Japanese view, it
nad no firm legal footing : Japan should not make partial
or interim payments, since obligations in the treaty do
not take effect until after the pact is ratified .
recognition of the P16,159,000,000 claim, Japan could not
commit itself to any definite sum until after the claims
of all countries entitled to payments had been ascertain
ed .
As Mr. Tsushima explained later, the huge Philippine
claim amounted to close to three trillion yen , and this
country was only one of ten entitled to collect.
His tally is no longer true. Four countries—the US,
Britain , India and Nationalist China—have waived claims
to reparations. Australia and New Zealand have not been
too vocal about payments. Only the Philippines, Indone
sia , Thailand and Burma have stood firm in their dern
ands , and this should make the problem relatively simple.
Nevertheless , Mr. Tsushima's portrayal of the diffi
culties blocking full satisfaction of the Philippine claim
was an eye-opener. If the claim were accepted and paid
for in ten years , he said , it would mean that Japan, as
suming that it had a population of 100,000,000, would
shoulder a per capita burden of 2,900 yen . This would
require an increase in tax rates of 40 per cent.
The Japanese served notice that they were ready to
take immediate steps to implement the " services” clause,
specifically a survey of salvage work on sunken vessels,
but their position on the Philippine demand was un
yielding.
The enormity of the Philippine claim appeared to be
the biggest single factor that stopped the Japanese. As
Mr. Elizalde, explaining the slowness of the negotiations,
later pointed out , when a person was handed a bill as
large as the Philippines' , he would need time to think it
over.
(Continued on page 149 )
 14A

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 14B
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PHILIPPINES

THEPhilippi nestook active participation in all thecon
ferences of internationalorganizations in which the
Philippines is a member. Above photo was taken at an
ECAFE meeting in Bangkok attended by Cornelio Bal
maceda ( extreme right) , secretary of commerce and in
dustry . Bottom picture was taken in Paris where Rep
Diosdado Macapagal ( second from right, seated ) repres
ented the Philippines in the UN assembly. On the op
posite page, top , picture was taken at the WHO (World
Health Organization ) meeting at Geneva where
Health Secretary Juan Salcedo was elected president of
the assembly . Bottom picture shows the Filipino delega
tion , headed by Labor Secretary Figueras, to the Interna
tional Labor organization conference in Geneva.

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1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 15

in its sixth year of independence , the Republic of the

Philippines today is engaged in a dramatic strugle to
preserve the Freedom on which it was founded . It
faces the painful fact of internal subversion and the
sinister threat of external aggression. It is striving with
courage and determination to surmount problems as
serious as any that have ever faced a new nation.
Close on the heels of World War II, amid the ensuing
destruction and chaos, came the pressure of Communist
imperialism , seizing every opportunity to swallow up and
enslave war - torn and weakened nations. Nine European
countries disappeared behind the Iron Curtain . China
fell to the Communists. Rebellion flared in Indo China
and Malaya. The Republic of South Korea was attacked .
And in the Philippines, the Hukbalahaps spread sabotage
and terror and sought to overthrow the government by
force .
The Republic of the Philippines lias squarely faced
up to this terrible menace. Out of their deep love of Free
dom and out of their heroic resistance to the foreign in
vader in World War II, the Filipino people instinctively
possessed the will to resist new aggression. They not only
rallied at once to the defense of their liberties at home
they also joined other free nations under the United Na
tions flag to combat aggression in Korea.
Belief in the principles of democracy placed the Fil
ipino people naturally among those whohave stood up to
be counted on the side of moral decency and freedom .
Practical necessity dictated that they must join with
other free nations in a mutual effort to fend off the del
iberate assaults of the predatory enemy. Only in this
way could be found the strength to achieve international
peace and order.
The Philippines and the United States, together with
other nations dedicated to the purposes and principles
of the United Nations Charter , today are engaged in the
joint effort to arrange for individual and collective self
defense. Their goal is mutual security, directed not to
The Armed Forces of the Philippines staged their first mass
ward war, but toward peace. They adhere to the prin parachute jump as American military observers look on.
ciple that armed force shall not be used except in the
common interest. as part of the United States forces in the Philippines in
The framework within which this effort is being car- World War II, and formed the nucleus of the resistance
ried out is the Mutual Security Program . The program movement during the Occupation .
calls for American economic and military assistance in The initial rebuilding of the Armed Forces of the
four major world areas: Western Europe, the Middle Philippines after the Liberation was aided by grants of
East, Southeast Asia , and Latin America. Through this military equipment from U. S. war surplus, as part of the
program the United States is helping free nations to terms of the Philippine Rehabilitation Act signed by Pres
build strength against armed attack, to free themselves ident Truman on 30 April 1946.
from slavery of hunger and disease, and to lay the foun- The treaty of General Relations between the U. S. and
dations for a world in which peace, prosperity, and free- the Philippines signed in Manila on 4 July, 1946 , which re
dom may endure. cognized the independence of the Republic of the Phil
In the Philippines, the economic and technical as- ippines, made provision for continuing close and harmo
sistance portion of the program is being carried out by nious relations between the two governments, including
the U. S. mission headed by Dr. Roland R. Renne. The arrangements for mutal defense.
military assistance portion is being carried out by JUS Specific measures for U. S. military assistance to the
MAG . Elsewhere inSoutheast Asia , there are other U. S. Republic were arranged in the Joint Agreement signed
Military Assistance Advisory Groups. 17 March 1947. Under this agreement, the United States
Formal U. S. military assistance to the Philippines provides advice and assistance to the Philippines in the
training and development of its Armed Forces and in
began with the establishment of the Commonwealth in
1935, when General MacArthur aided the government in performing other services essential to peace and security.
formulating a national defense program and in establish- The nature of the assistance being given falls into four
ing the Armed Forces. Filipino units fought valiantly main classifications :
( Continued on page 147 )
MAJ. GEN . A , PIERSON

Preserving Freedom
By Major General ALBERT PIERSON
Chief, Joint U.S. Military Advisory Group
to the Republic of the Philippines
US

3
1
16 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Fighting Communism
Through Economics
By CORNELIO BALMACEDA
Secretary of Commerce and Industry
A CLOSE observer of world developments will not fail
to note how communism has been advancing in all
portions of the globe to an extent that it is sufficient to
cause alarm to the free world . Communist propaganda
maneuvers have so endangered the collective security of
the free world that nothing short of a collective action
too will enable the democratic countries to strengthen the
defense of democracy against the expansionist moves of
the Comintern and Soviet satellites .
His Excellency, President Elpidio Quirino, in advo
cating his plan of forming a Southeast Asia Union , al
ready pointed to the real threat facing the Philippines
and other countries located in the same region when he
said that " the great danger that confronts us at this
moment is the tide of totalitarian subversion and con
quest which threatens to engulf. the very freedom we
have won or others expect to win .". This danger against
which the President was desirous to set up a regional
defense agreement some two years ago 'has not abated .
1
On the contrary , it has acquired such magnitude as to
constitute a common threat to the entire non commu
nist world .
For democracy to triumph and for world peace to
be established on permanent foundations, it is of para
mount importance, not only that all free nations pool
their strength but that there be a wise selection and
use of the weapons that will most effectively combat
the spread of communism . In this world-wide conflict
between democracy and redism , force of arms alone is
no longer sufficient to annihilate the enemy. There
are other factors equally, if not more, potent to stem com
munist pursuit of Russia's ambition to dominate the
world .
It is my belief that there can be no better and stronger
defense against totalitarian subversion than the main
tenance of a healthy world economy. By this , I mean
the general uplift of economic conditions in a manner
that will remove the economic ills which have been the
sources of discontent and restiveness among the masses.
I consider as healthy economy that which gives every
citizen his due share in the overall economic improvement
of the community where he lives.
Let us specifically consider the case of the Philip
pines. Before the war, nobody perchance thought that
the Red movement would ever amount to a serious
threat to our internal security. Nobody even imagined
that a day will come when the local Red cohorts would
put into practice their doctrine of revolution and violence,
that they would resort to the commission of nameless
crimes and atrocities in the furtherance of their insi
dious plans to " liberate" the underprivileged and deliver
them to the " benevolent" tutorship of the Kremlin.
We are greatly heartened at the marked improve
ment of our peace and order situation as more and more
misguided dissidents are coming to their senses and
turning over a new leaf with the assistance of govern
ment agencies. We have also noted with satisfaction the
progress of our armed forces in putting under control
1951 - 1952
the
UN
‫به سر‬
ST
an
VU
AU
CORNELIO BALMACEDA
those who refuse to deviate from the wrong path and
persist in pursuing their objectives to overthrow the law
fully constituted government and establish in its plare a
regime that is incompatible with the way of life in wich
we were reared .
But even if the local communist problem is no longer
as ' explosive as it was two or three years ago, we can
never consider it as completely solved until after we have
eliminated the ills that make of our masses susceptible
to subversive teachings. Most of these ills are economic
in nature and can be remedied only through the adop
tion of measures that will ameliorate the economic con
ditions of the working classes which compose the majo
rity of the population and will on the whole accelerate
the overall economic development of the country. One
effective way by which we can completely stamp out
.
communism in our land and in any country for that
matter is by fighting it through economics. We may
succeed in apprehending all the top leaders of the Huk
movement and we may even liquidate them and their
followers. · We may do all this and yet the menace of
communism will continue to exist as long as the condi
tions upon which it can thrive are not totally changed.
This change can only come if the general economic health
of the nation is made robust not only on the surface but
down to the bottom of its structural foundations . f. !.
This is the reason why the free world , while ex
panding military rearmament to the fullest extent , has
not neglected an essential part of the defense against
communism consisting in the formulation of vast pro
grammes of economic aid to under-developed countries.
This economic assistance has been flowing in increasing
volume into Asia , the Near East, South America , and
Africa under the supervision of the United Nations and
the United States of America. The Philippines is one
of the beneficiaries of these assistance programmes, but
we must not wholly rely on outside aid. We should
strive through determined efforts of the government and
the people to solve our own problems of social unrest and
dissidence.
The root of most cases or discontent and social un
rest in most countries in Asia is the unsatisfactory eco
nomic situation in which the masses find themselves.
They have not yet been economically elevated to a level
of stability and security. Great numbers of them live
in untold miseries which make them susceptible to any
proferred change that can promise then some allevia
tion of their present economic prostration .
In a country like the Philippines there can be no
justification for misery and penury to exist. More
than any other country in the world, the Philippines
offers unlimited opportunities for economic expansion
and growth . Our vast dormant resources, if properly ex
ploited, will be capable of meeting the requirements of
even four times our present population. Our production
potentially if fully tapped will be more than sufficient to
extend to each and every family that degree of material
welfare it must enjoy in order to be free from want.
 1951 - 1952 TYE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
The serious economic debacle that ensued in our
country during and after the last World War was mainly
responsible for the favorable atmosphere that abetted the
growih of the local communist movement. People who
found themselves without means of support under ab-
normal conditions were easily beguiled by the honeyed
words of glib-tongued doctrinaires who promised them
a life of ease and contentment. It being natural for
man to follow the line of least resistance, the candid
people so indoctrinated by communist propagandists be-
took themselves to the hills firm in the faith that when
their cause finally succeeds they will no longer lead a life
of perpetual peonage but will be the rulers themselves.
Instead of rising to the needs of the postwar emergency
and helping the government in the general reconstruc-
tion work, they shirked from the gigantic job and joined
those who would destroy our present way of life and re-
place it with the totalitarian system
The most pressing and urgent need of the day in
connection with our campaign to stem the onrushing tide
of Soviet imperialism is to hasten the economic emanci-
pation of the common man. This is one requirement we
cannot afford to overlook if we expect to strengthen the
faith of the underprivileged in the democratic way of
life. We should elevate our masses in their economic
position so that their morale could be strengthened and
they could be usefully availed of in the all -out offensive
to overcome the Red menace.
Our government has mapped out practical and effec
tive ways of helping the lower classes of our people in-
cluding the wage-earner, small farmers and producers.
and the landless. All forms of assistance are being ex-
tended to them in order that they may realize thetrue
blessings of democracy and freedom .
One who has consis'ently followed the execution of
the government's economic development program must
have taken notice of the great interest shown by the
government in raising the income of the average farm-
hand. The establishment of home industries on a com-
mercial scale with the aid and cooperation of official
agencies is being pushed in rural areas for the benefit
of the small farmers. The objective is to give these far
One Economic Offensive: Furnishingfertilizers to farms to increase production and improve the farmers income.
ECA (now MSA) believes in doing it this way.
22
1.67
STRENG ***
TH FOR THE
FREE WORLD
290 *
8378 DA YS
17
mers a continuing source of income. It is a fact that at
present most of our farmers work for only three or four
months and stay idle for the rest of the year wasting pre
cious manhours and manpower which otherwise can be
put to productive use .
For the promotion of home industries, the Bureau of
Commerce and the PRISCO have conducted surveys aimed
at determining the industries suitable for each region or
community. A special training program was also inau
gurated by the PRISCO so that the people so trained may
in turn spread their knowledge in their respective com
munities . Furthermore , in its desire to boost the de
velopment of home industries , the government sees to it
that not only the problems of production , but also those
of marketing, are solved. Our foreign offices abroad
have been requested to canvass the areas under their
jurisdiction for any possibilities of creating increased de
mand for home industrial products.
To increase the yield of our farms and consequently
the income of the farmers, fertilizers procured from the
ECA have been widely distributed among our rural folks.
Modern farming methods are gradually being introduced ;
tenancy laws have been so amended as to increase the
tenant's share in the harvest; the extension of badly
needed credit to small farmers was considerably libera
lized ; further incentive was given to the organization of
cooperatives; and irrigation system were constructed in
agricultural regions.
Agricultural expansion alone, however, will be im
potent at this time to bring about the desired economic
improvement at the lower strata of our population. It
must go hand in hand with industrial expansion. We
cannot continue for long to rely solely on our agricultural
exports because of the stiff competition they are begin
ning to meet in their biggest market, the United States,
as preferential trade relations between that country and
ours draw nearer to their cessation. Agriculture can
not remain forever to be the backbone of our economy as
it was during the halcyon days of Philippine-American
free commercial in'ercourse .
The industrialization efforts of our government have
( Continued on page 84 )
33 *
$8 %
 18 THE PHILIPPINE
. HAVE been assigned to write on the following topic :
“ The new social order, lifting the living standards of the
common man through land distribution , increase of wa
ges, education ".
I feel the assignment can best be covered by making it
a part of a broader discussion of democracy's economic
offensive against the promise and threat of communism ,
specially in Southeast Asia, including the Philippines. As
our country's employer delegate in the International La
bor Organization for the last five years, and as member
of the Asian Advisory Committee of the same, ΙI propose
to present a brief summary of what I have observed are
the main economic measures advocated by the democra
cies as represented by the United Nations and its specia
iized agencies, and by the United States as the leader of
the world today .
It is an admitted fact that there is going on in the
world today a huge conflict between democracy and
communism for the control and support of the common
man. It is a struggle to attract the masses to one side
or the other. On the part of communism the struggle
is characterized by continuous criticism of alleged pri
vate capitalistic exploitation of the people, and the pro
mise of a new economic order based upon abolition of
private property and government ownership and utiliza
tion and distribution of the factors and means of pro
duction. The new commnist order is to be achieved ul
timately by armed revolution against established demo
cratic governments.
The commnist promise of a better economic order
has a peculiar appeal to the poverty - stricken masses for
Communism tends to thrive where poverty prevails.
In the face of this struggle for the support of the
common man , democracy is duty bound to wage an eco
nomic offensive intended to counteract communist pro
mise. The ultimate goal of this economic offensive is
social justice. As our own Philippine Constitution sta
tes : " The promotion of social justice to insure the well
being and economic security of all the people should be ,
the concern of the State.” To the same effect is the
statement in the constitution of the International Labor
Organization that “ universal and lasting peace can be
established only if it is based upon social justice ”, and
that "poverty anywhere constitutes a danger to prosper
ity everywhere".
One of the fundamental principles of the ILO, as the
oldest agency of the United Nations, is that " the war
against want requires to be carried on with unrelenting
vigour within each nation , and by continuous and con
certed international effort in which representatives of
workers and employers, enjoying equal status with those
of governments , join with them in free discussion and
democratic decision with a view to the promotion of the
YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
common welfare ” . In line with this fundamental prin
ciple, what important measures have been proposed in
the war against want in Southeast Asia , including the
Philippines ?
If social justice is to be measured in terms of econo
mic well-being and common welfare, the main target in
the economic offensive of democracy should be to enhan
ce the productivity of labor, thereby raising his standard
of living. In the long run, productivity of labor must be
given prior consideration in any war against poverty, for
problems of production precede those of distribution.
What share or income is there to distribute unless there
has been some previous production ? And the amount of
the share or income of each will naturally depend upon
the volume produced , and the latter in turn depends upon
the efficiency of the productive process.
Like the other so-called underdeveloped agricultural
countries of Southeast Asia, Philippine economy is cha
racterized by its low productivity. In spite of its abun
dant rich land and natural resources, and adequate man
power supply, Philippine per capita production is low ,
and as poverty here is a condition favorable to commu
nist infiltration and a menace to democracy's prosperity,
it is gratifying to note that we appreciate a total econo
mic mobilization prograni. as a means of enhancing our
production and our productivity, and are taking steps to
implement it .
In agriculture, being a rice - eating people, we have
become conscious that we should produce enough rice to
feed ourselves, and not depend on others for this "staff
of life" ; moreover , we have developed a feeling of embar
rassment whenever our low rice production per hectare is
compared with that of others. Hence, our present eag.
erness to implement recommendations of UN agencies
such as the ILO and FAO concerning the following fun
damental problems facing all underdeveloped countries:
( 1 ) the construction of more irrigation systems ; ( 2 ) the
use of fertilizers; (3 ) better equipment and cultivation ;
( 4) improved tenancy systems; (5 ) more land distribu
tion, thereby increasing individual land ownership and
farming
An important cause of low standard of living because
of low productivity in an underdeveloped country like the
Philippines is what is known as under -employment. A
typical example of underemployment is the report that
in this country , " where more than one-half of the farms
are less than two hectares in size, the tenant operating a
farm of two hectares works an equivalent of only 75 eight
hour days a year, distributed over the planting and har
vesting seasons” . Karl J. Pelzer. )
It is apparent that if our rice culture requires only
a small part of the year in actual work , there is need of
The tractor on the left is
fast replacing the carabao,
right ,, as one approach to
greater rice production and
to better standards of lir
ing. As food supply in
creases , discontent disap
pears, demonstrating a de
mocratic victory .
*
 1951 - 1952 TIIE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 19

lament
al
p r o
2inc osedp
luding :

"ms of eart
ain target
Democracy's
be to enk
his stard
bor mus .
poverty
distribuir
unless than
e amount
ECONOMIC OFFENSIVE
depend us
depends ry

agricutz
nomy is By CONRADO BENITEZ
of its ab President, Benitez & Co.
dequate i
ction is lo
e to com utilizing the rest of the time in supplementary produc
-'s prosperit tive activities, such as ( 1 ) diversified crops ; ( 2 ) livestock ,
total ecc. piggery and poultry; ( 3 ) cottage or household indus
hancing tries; (4) proper timing of public works; (5) seasonal mi
king steps gration of agricultural labor.
One of the important factors of national progress is
ble , we ha man's increasing control of nature and natural resour
ough rice ces, and it is most gratifying to observe that the Ameri
or this " st: can experts recently brought to this country under the
ng of emba
auspices of the ECA have to do with the basic problems
er hectare and activities which underlie material production , special
present ea: ly agriculture, thereby enhancing our productivity and
UN agero insuring our victory in the great war against poverty.
ollowing fe
ed countries With regards to other industries besides agriculture,
ems; (21tb the question has often been posed in UN studies, especial
cultivator ly in the ILO, why have Asian countries been poor, and
and distri what can be done about it. One ready answer in the case
mership an of many of them is that overpopulation helps to perpe
tuate poverty, for no amount of industrial production can
keep up with their population increase. In the case of
ving becau Zunderpopulated countries like the Philippines, however,
untry like to the argument of overpopulation does not apply. The
ployment : cause of poverty must be sought elsewhere. Studies made
e report the of poverty in Asian countriespoint to the failure of indus
of the farm trialization to take place as the cause. This lack of in
t operating : dustrialization is attributed to lack of technological in
only 75 eige ventions, and in turn this latter deficiency is traced to
ing and te the people's mental attitude towards the natural sciences.
requires au On this interesting point a report says :
re is need :
" It will be noted that a basic factor making pos
sible the industrialization of western countries was
technological inventions. These inventions were
mostly based upon and derived from discoveries in
physical science, e.g. , physics, chemistry, biology and
geology. The growth of physical sciences in west
ern countries was, however, not fortuitous; it result
ed from a revolutionary change in man's attitude
towards nature under the influence of a rationalist
philosophy. This new attitude consisted in intensi
fication of intellectual curiosity and interest in the
" On the Red phenomena of nature and in the awakening to infi
nite possibilities of mastering nature with a view to
ing the e satisfying the material wants of man .
ine appie
In countries of Asia , however, the preoccupation
· product of intellectual endeavors with issues of moral philo
s offensive. Here is where the leadership of the govern
tandard sophy and religious and philosophical mysticism , ra
ther with the exploration of the phenomena of na
ood supa
t ture , persisted much later. Consequently, the growth
isconten of physical science has lagged much behind the west.
es It was not until after the turn of the 20th century
nonstrat
that this new attitude towards nature and science
victory began to spread among the educated class in those
countries.
Because of the slow native growth of physical
sciences and the consequent lack of technological in
ventions, the forces making for industrialization in
countries of Asia in the past emanated mainly from
abroad after these countries had been thrown into
CONRADO BENITEZ
contact with the western world ” .
But even after technological inventions had been in
troduced why have native capitalists and entrepreneurs
been timid in participating actively in the movement to
industrialize? We canonly mention some of the important
social, political and economic factors involved. Industria
lization requires intelligent entrepreneurship , but the
Asian traditional prejudice against the businessman and
the farmer, and the glorification of classical and profes
sional learning and officialdom was a social factor work
against active participation of the moneyed leadin
class in industrialization . Morever, the moneyed class, as
pointed out in the Bell mission report, found less risky
outlets for investing their savings; to be a landlord by
purchase of land , and to be a money lender at high rates
of interest proved to be more attractive and remunerative
activity than to be a modern industrialist .
However, it is gratifying to note that in the face of the
democracies' policy to distribute land to the greatest num
ber — even by subdividing existing big estates—and be
cause of a keener realization that private wealth implies
the responsibility of investing it in some industry that
wiil fill some human need,—thereby creating more oppor
tunities for employment and raising the standard of living
---more private initiative is joining the movement for in
dustrialization. More power to those in whose hands lie
the future of democratic free enterprise !
Finally , no economic offensive in a democracy can
disregard the ultimate goal of all economic planning
the well-being of man. And yet, man is the only instru
mentality that can implement any program of produc
tion and industrialization . Only in the hands of man can
any essential technological equipment be made to func
tion . Hence, the vital necessity of manpower training,
for which especial emphasis has been given by all the UN
agencies.
If greater production and productivity is the call of
the day, adequate vocational and technical training must
be given. The ILO regional conference in Ceylon in 1950
has proposed a system of vocational and technical train
ing especially adapted to underdeveloped countries of
Asia. Its peculiar feature is that it takes into account
the advise of both labor and employer groups in any com
munity in formulating a program of training for industry .
It likewise recommended greater use of cooperatives in im
proving the economic position of the common man.
In conclusion , the protection of the laboring man
must be an underlying attitude in democracy's economic
ment is essential . And here is where the achievemnt of
the ILO during more than thirty years of existence is rea
dily accessible as a source of valuable information and
guidance. Our recently approved minimum wage law is
an important step in the protection of labor. A non -par
tisan employment service operated by the government
will do much to give labor a feeling of being taken care of
by his country. Our social legislation is rapidly being
brought up to date. And last, but not least, freedom of
association is being implemented among labor unions.
With the three essential elements in a democracy
government, labor and employer-cooperating whole
heartedly , the economic offensive cannot fail .
 20 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
The Pacific area is today the center of World interest.
For centuries , the countries of the Pacific, rich sour-
ces of raw materials and vast markets for consumer3
goods, with the exception of Japan had been dominated
by colonial powers. The teeming peoples of the region
are now engaged in a historic revolt against colonialism
under which they have lived for centuries. Side by side
with this struggle for nationalism , however, is a race for
ascendancy between democracy and communism as a
form of government and a way of life.
The Pacific is the stage upon which will be decided
whether the world will remain a democracy or will turn
communist , whether men will remain free to pursue their
happiness or be regimented and shackled. The Philip
pines has a unique position in this struggle for ascend-
ancy. Tutored in democracy by the United States, it is
looked upon by the democratic world as the Pacific base
for Democracy in the global contest against international
communism.
In recognition of the strategic role of the Philippines
in this struggle, the United Nations and its specialized
agencies, as well as the United States and other countries ,
have been taking great interest in the solution of the
nation's problems .
In looking into the effect of the UN agencies' services
in the Philippine social order, several factors must be
considered . First, we must know under what conditions
the Philippines was when UN first stepped into this coun-
try five years ago. The war destroyed the productive
plants of the country. What was left were taken away
by the enemy. Farms were abandoned, farm implements
lost, work animals killed. Millions were left homeless ,
ill-clothed and undernourished . Health was low, death
rate high and disease rampant. A great number of chil-
dren have been orphaned, many were crippled, many
more were abandoned and neglected. Unemployment
was high, incomes were low , destitution was general. An
alarming rise of vice , crime and delinquency became
noted . Libraries have been looted ; illiteracy was high .
Laboratories were closed for lack of equipment and sup
plies. Hospitals were in no better condition.
Complied information on actual conditions in all as-
pects of life - health , education , science, culture, econo-
mics , social—was almost nil. Because of the great and
urgent physical need for shelter, food and clothing and
the absence of adequate resources, there was marked
tendency towards meeting only the immediate, leaving
the advancement of culture, science , technology and
other aspects as future goals. With the rest of Asia, the
Philippines shares its culture, climate, products, poor
physical health, low standards and low production .
Unlike the rest of Asia of which it is a part, the Phil-
ippines offers better opportunities for the application of
free institution because its institutions are not as old
nor as fixed as those in other countries and its people
are not as custom -bound as other Orientals. It has vast
THE NEW SOCIAL
As Affected By United Nations Agencies
In The Philippines
By ASUNCION A. PEREZ
Social Welfare Administrator
1951 - 1952
undeveloped free land upon which new and improved
methods of production may be tried without disrupting
established ones, vast lands to which population may
spread out. The Philippines , in spite of the rapid post -war
increase of population is not yet over-populated . It has a
feudal agricultural background but it also has experience
in the better standards of production . Into this picture
entered UN and its agencies to give impetus and contri
bute materially towards the attainment of goals with far
reaching values.
What is United Nations and its agencies doing for
the Philippines? In raising the level of physical health
and developing facilities for medical advancement, the
WHO and the UNICEF have contributed much. Through
UNICEF - assisted feeding centers, malnutrition among
Philippine babies is gradually being decreased. Maternal
and child health has received and is receiving a great
boost through the UNICEF rural health demonstration
center and the rehabilitation of puericulture center pro
jects. Aside from their immediate effect on health , these
projects are slowly improving, through the process of edu
cation , the dietary, sanitary and health habits of the
people.
The UNICEF tuberculosis control and BCG vaccine
production, the diphtheria control and diphtheria toxoid
production , the Syphilis and yaws control and malaria
programs have reduced death rate from these diseases
considerably. The mental health program of the UNI
CEF, side by side with Philippine efforts, is doing a won
derful preparatory work towards the recognition of the
importance of mental health to physical, mental and so
cial efficiency. The WHO has made valuable contribu
tions also towards the development of medical techniques
especially for helping the sick and crippled children . In
food production and nutrition , FAO has exerted an in
fiuence. Researches in nutrition, the use and improve
ment of local foods and increased production of food, all
designed to relieve hunger and promote health, have
been encouraged and assisted by FAO.
Technology has also improved . UN has assisted in
the development of local industries and the use of local
raw inaterials in such industries. An example of this is in
pulp paper manufacturing and furniture designing. The
first would decrease importation of an essential commo
dity, the second means not only better homes but also the
opening up of new export items. Other samples of tech
nological development through UN assistance may be
found in marble quarrying and ceramics both of which
are extractive in nature.
ILO, although its effect may not be too much felt as
yet, has assisted in making labor conscious of its rights.
UNESCO has been promoting science by establishing con
tacts between Philippine and other scientists of the world
through conferences , research and exchange of scientific
literature, information , experts and even materials such
(Continued on page 85)
ASUNCION A. PEREZ
ORDER
T
 20A

12

BULDON EDCOR TOWNSITE

PARANG , COTABATO

prepared by OFFICE , CHIEF, EDCOR

February

FIGHTING COMMUNISM ON ALL FRONTS: The
Economic Development Corps of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines was organized to wage an economic warfare
against the inroads of communism . Hitting on a prac
tical solution , it opened a settlement project in Minda
nao where reformed dissidents were given lots and
homes — thus, a project which directly answered the com
munist propaganda that there was lack of lands for
those that want them. The EDCOR , operated by the
army, is doing well. These pictures show its progress.
Below a carabao is being loaded on a boat as reformed
families embark .

AFP

ス コードレス ブック
20B

13 - ) : 81-826 /

10027-342

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ユー フーター ター 36932
 20C

THE SCENE AND THE ACTIVITIES

TOP pictures show the location of a typi
cal EDCOR project in Mindanao. Nipa
houses line a river , a very useful possession
in outlying regions like this . To the far
left are the settlers attending to their
seedbeds , being readied for new fields , and
working at a De Walt woodworking ma
chinery , a modern touch in a pioneering
settlement . Directly left-Defense Secre
tary Ramon Magsaysay , considered the
father of EDCOR for which accomplish
ments he has received encomium not only
in the Philippines but in the rest of th
free world , is being measured for settle
ment fashion by an EDCOR tailor . To the
right shows medical attention as well as
treatment being administered by a dentist
and then by a competent physician . The
settlers are not left to the mercy of the
elements
20D

... AND HAPPINESS

THE grounds cleared, the
house built, the children
begin to play, and smile
again after so much stress
and storm which they never
knew but which their elders
have borne so patiently.
But the weak would have
succumbed , but these are
hardy pioneers......And when
evening sets two swains go a
serenading. And love works
wonders again.
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 21

UN TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Programme In The Philippines

By WILLIAM J. ELLIS
U. N. Resident Technical Assistance Representative

WILLIAM J. ELLIS

CEE intent and history of the United Nations Techni

TEE
cal Assistance Programme for the economic develop
ment of underdeveloped countries are now so well known
that their reiteration seems unnecessary. It is , however ,
timely that something should be written specifically on
what such a programme can do and is doing for a
country like the Philippines for here it is possible to
observe the real importance of such assistance to a
country recently become independent and how such
assistance can be profitably utilized and absorbed by a
country finding itself in a post war Pacific context and
in a turbulent period of history.
The immediate connotation of technical assist
ance may sound somewhat restrictive. It may perhaps
indicate on first thought the mere introduction of tech
nical skills. But such is not the case, for this programme
is designed to make available to a country any type
of assistance which will contribute to the raising of
living standards for the ultimate development of that
country. As an illustration the assistance can be in
Education , in Health and Social Welfare , in the field of
Labour and its many aspects, in Agriculture and For
estry. Also, development surveys for industry and min
ing can be carried out as well as technical assistance
in specific fields of industry. Assistance can be obtain
ed in fiscal and public finance matters and in mone
tary and banking problems. The problems involved in
civil aviation are also eligible for assistance.
Such a large potential store of developmental as
sistance presents in theory the focal point for a coun
try to gravitate to for its long range development
needs.
However, the existence of such a focal point should
not be looked to as a panacea in itself for a country's
ills or its needs. It is rather a channel for the continu
ous propagation of the will to self help. Technical As
sistance is only given when requested by a govern
ment . The major part of the expense involved is borne
by the United Nations or the appropriate United Na
tions agency , while the government is obliged to bear
certain local currency costs.
Given adequate time and a proper perspective in
planning projects, the joint forces of the Philippines
and the United Nations Technical Assistance Programme
can achieve significant results with the indigen .
ous natural resources of the islands and the potential
technical ability and labour forces available.
While at present the extent of the Technical As
sistance Programme here is limited, it is hoped that it's
scope and size will be expanded in the future. The em
phasis on any one aspect will depend largely on the
government requests and on critical evaluation of them
by the United Nations. Such requests should stem from
an over - all plan for improving the economic position
of the individual Filipino which logically leads to the
economic development of the country. To achieve the
greatest benefits from this programme and other bila
teral programmes now available to the country the
government should take the responsibility for coordi
nating their requests. Furthermore with a serious and
intelligent approach, a long range plan ( e.g. 5 years )
could do much to ensure proper integration , and lead in
evitably to tangible results. But results can only be ex
pected if proper Government backing is received in the
form of adequate appropriations.
Simultaneously with the educational , science and
health programmes which might be classified as the ba
sic needs, there will be the agricultural and industrializa
tion programmes which must proceed. In certain enter
prises the Government has achieved much in building up
industry and it can do still more in developing other re
sources. Important, too, will be the creation of an atmos
>

An agreement with FAO

was signed in May to es
tablish a mechanical log
ging center in the Philip
pines. The picture on the
right shows the signing
ceremonies , seated , left to
right Foreign Secretary
Joaquin M. Elizalde, Vice
President Fernando Lopez
who signed for the Philip
pine government, Norris
Dodd, FAO director gen
eral, and William J. Ellis,
UN technical assistance

representative.
22 THE PHILIPPINE
Late in 1951 UN Design Specialist Olav Hammarstrom
came to teach furniture and woodworkers of PRISCO. He
is shown , center, with PRISCO officials.
phere in which private industry can expand and thrive.
There are certain areas within the Pacific Basin that
are highly industrialized and which might prove a deter
rent to private initiative. Only an assured Government
policy can dispel any fears which might be created be
cause of this potential threat.
In developing local industries, be it cottage indus
tries or large industries, both the domestic and the for
eign markets must be considered. In the latter field, con
sideration should be given to world shortages to determine
whether resources are available here which could be de
veloped to relieve these shortages. Furthermore , the na
ture of exports, their origin and their assured contin
uance should be studied . Stress should be laid on the im
portance of becoming self-sufficient in those essential
items which might suddenly be cut off. For example, in
agriculture every effort should be made to increase pro
duction. Sudden curtailment of supplies from the only
two rice exporting countries in South East Asia would at
once create a serious food lack in the Philippines.
Another essential phase of Technical Assistance is
the one of implementation. Much money is being expend
ed by the United Nations in providing the services of
technical specialists. In many instances, however, the
necessary results can be adequately achieved with the al
ready existing services of the Government while in others
they can be assured by the introduction of capital ,
it is, therefore, incumbent on the Government in request
ing assistance to give serious thought to the quest
ion of how implementation can be made possible. In addi
tion, the matter of adequate remuneration for personnel
must be considered . So many of the first class technical
men available in the Philippines are unattracted by the
low prevailing salaries. These men are needed to do the
real developmental work ; without them progress will be
impossible. The United Nations assistance is a supple
ment to them , an advisory source and by no means the
end all.
It may be of interest to describe now some of the ac
tual programmes which have already commenced in the
Philippines. It was pointed out above that this is a mere
beginning and it is hoped that this will prove to be but
the early phase of a much more comprehensive programme
in the future .
The Philippine government submitted to the United
Nations and the specialized agencies a number of requests
for assistance in a diverse number of fields early in 1951 .
On April 5 , 1951 a basic agreement was signed with the
Philippine Government and subsequently , supplemen
tary agreements have been signed to cover the several
projects already begun.
One specialist Mr. Per Klem from Norway is work
ing with the Cebu Portland Cement Company in the im
portant field of pulp and paper manufacture. Work in
this field can achieve very important results when one
considers that most countries of Asia depend almost en
tirely on foreign imports of paper. The Philippines is
rich in potential raw materials for paper manufacture
and large developments are envisaged in this industry.
With the advent of such an industry millions of pesos
YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
could be saved on imports, an export industry built up
and at the same time employment given to a large force
of Filipinos.
Working with the Central Bank of the Philippines
was Mr. William I. Abraham from the United Nations
Statistical Office in New York who was brought to the
Philippines to give specialist assistance in the field of Na
tional income statistics.
Economist today rely heavily on statistics of nation
al income and its components for the purpose of formul
lating economic policy, for planning and for economic
analysis generally. The computation of the national in
come is an indispensable factor in gaining a proper
measure of the economic activity of a nation.
In the pursuit of this special assignment the special
ist has to work in close cooperation with the officers of
various government departments, principally the Bureau
of Census and Statistics and the Department of Agricul
ture and Natural Resources .
Because national income estimates and the prepara
tion of national accounts involve the use of nearly all the
statistical information available from a government , a
further function of the specialist in this field is the coor
dination of statistical work carried out by the various
agencies, the development of standards and definitions
and guidance in the extension of statistical programmes
in order to fill the gaps in the over-all statistical picture.
PRISCO , in its home industries division , has Miss Lys
beth Wallace , a specialist in weaving and design from
the Cranbrook Academy in Michigan , working on the
improvement of weaving techniques and the training of
provincial weavers.
During the time she has been here Miss Wallace has
visited many provincial weaving centers to observe loca !
techniques and equipment with a view to introducing
new improvements.
There is a bright future in this country for the de
velopment of the ceramic industry both for domestic and
foreign markets. However, with the primitive methods
and lack of proper equipment and tools it has progress
ed little. To work with PRISCO also, the services of Mrs.
John Risley have been obtained and she is at present es
tablishing a ceramic workshop and is supervising the
construction of potters wheels, tools and kilns to train
local technicians in this art .
Recent arrivals include an Italian specialist , Mr.
Gastone Bacci, and three experienced artisans who will
work with the Cebu Portland Cement Company at their
marble deposits in Romblon Island. This team will work
on the quarry site at Romblon and render specialist ad
vice in setting up the modern machinery and equip
ment which has recently been acquired by the company.
At the same time these men will train local personnel
in the techniques of marble quarrying and fabrication .
In the field of health an important and interesting
malaria control pilot project has just begun on the is
land of Mindoro. Under the WHO Technical Assistance
Programme , two outstanding Indian scientists, Dr. Sam
basivan , malariologist, and Dr. Bhatia, entomologist,
have been brought out to conduct this project. These two
Picture below shows a slab of Romblon marble being pre
pared by workers for the mill. Marble workings of the
Cebu Portland Cement Co. are being assisted by a UN
marble specialist, Gastone Bacci.

HANDICRAFT OF THE NATION : Many are the
hands now weaving indigenous materials into delightful
designs for place-mats ( above and bottom right) , uphol
stery ( two pictures directly below ) and even dress ma
terial of jusi and abaca ( bottom left ) . Cotton, abaca ,
22A
bamboo, and lupis lend easily to intricate patterns as
these picture show. Budding talents are now being aided
with technical help coming from other areas brought
here by the UN technical assistance program. Follow
ing pages will show other handicraft activities, from weav
ing to the marketing of the finished goods.
22B

Weaving as newly taught

From clay to kitche quipmer

 22C

DUR

M
Weaving indigenous in Bontoc....

Honda thot mould the clav to forms

22D

O10

2
E

org

SHE
we

BOL

local know-how. As far as New York ( as bottom picture

MARKETING : Here are the finished goods on display shows a display of the International Business Machines )
ready for the customers - products of local talents and the Philippine handicrafts attract buying attention . HO

th
PHILIPPINES
One
The young Republic of the Philip
pines, obhough rich in natural resources
às predominanty agricultural, minerals
being produced only one modest wole.
Mandeduring is now expanding toward
meetleg domenic neede. However, many
produch , Alably rope , a desperten
experts in the nation's batons of trade.

INTERNATIONA BUSINESS MACHINES

L
 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 23
1951 - 1952
men have come from Chiengmai in northern Thailand
where they have worked on malaria control for some two
years.
This project, begun by the Thai government in 1949 ,
has not only completely eliminated inalaria but has also
eradicated the malaria-carrying mosquitoes over a large
area of the Chiengmai district . Dr. Sambasivan has said
that the results which they have achieved surpassed all
expectation .
The project being undertaken in Mindoro will ex
tend over 18 months and will cover the eastern seaboard
of the island in an area holding 50,000 people. The im
portance of this project cannot be stressed too much
since it will feasibly be the forerunner of similar and lar
ger projects to be undertaken in other areas of the Phil
ippines. In the department of health's aspect of this pro
gramme, the MSA is giving assistance in making avail
able certain large- scale equipment without which such
an extensive project could not be undertaken ,
Mr. H. G. Keith formerly Conservator of Forests for
North Borneo has recently arrived
arrived to
to be
be director of a
mechanical logging training centre in the Philippines.
This centre has been established by the Food and Agri
culture Organization under its Expanded Technical As
sistance Programme and shall commence operations in
the autumn . It shall be organized and conducted by the
organization in collaboration with the Government of
the Republic of the Philippines and will be located at
such places within the country where logging operations
are being carried out. The trainees will number about
thirty and will probably come from as many as twelve
countries within the South East Asia area .
tun UNESCO, on the request of the Department of Edu
ines cation , is in the process of forming a mission of eight
specialists to work with the schools and colleges in the
Philippines on a broad programme of educational im
provement. Four members of this mission have arrived
in the Philippines and have commenced work in their
respective fields. These specialists are Dr. George H.
Bennett in guidance and counselling, Dr. T. Krishna
murthy in fundamental and adult education , Dr. Viktor
Holbro in science education and Mr. Thomas 11 in
teacher training. Mr. U. Ostergaard is expected to leave
Denmark in June to join the mission as a specialist in
secondary education .
Prior to Dr. Bennett's acceptance of the post in guid
ance and counselling he was connected with New York
University at the head of the vocational guidance depart
ment. While guidance and counselling are not new terms
in Philippine education the movement has been greatly
retarded by a number of factors. Now , however, there is
a strong tendency to expand this important field and
educators at all levels are aware that guidance and coun
selling must be made an integral part of the education
al system. It is essential to the future of the youth who
are faced with planning their education in relation to
their careers and also essential if the type of employ
ment which they will seek is to contribute to the devel
opment of their country. In the more personal sense ,
the young people need help in understanding themselves
and guidance in making intelligent decisions and better
adjustments.
Dr. Bennett's assignment here with the department
of education will be to further the development of this
field and to integrate it into the present curriculum.
Mr. Krishnamurthy has worked for many years in
the field of adult education at the University of Mysore.
He has already had opportunity to observe the commu
nity school in operation in this country and has found
that the experiments stress the need for an integrated
curriculum to educate the children and the adults to
gether for the betterment of the community of partic
ular interest .
The children in community schools convey their
newly acquired skills to the parents while the parents
( Continued on page 92)

TOP TO BOTTOM_Panel of pictures on the right shows_UN

technicians at work in various projects in the Philippines . First
picture shows Miss Lysbeth Wallace demonstrating new me
thods of weaving local fibers; second picture is Mrs.Mary Kring
Risley teaching ceramics , and last picture shows Mr. Ellis ( ex
trcme left) with Helen R. Porterfield and Per Klem , UN spe
malist in pulp and paper, while inspecting the Malangas coal
olunan

mnines in Zamboanga.

S
24
Š
UN SCIENCE
WORK IN PI
By JAN SMID
Unesco Science Officer
UNITED Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization (UNESCO )
was one of the first UN Specialized Agen
cies to start to work in the Philippines aft
er the war. Due to the spontaneous sup
port of Unesco ideals by the new Philip
pine Republic , the local National Commis
sion for Educational, Scientific and Cul
tural Matters was already established by
1947 with the purpose of informing the
whole country about the Unesco program
and its goals .
When Unesco opened its East Asia
Science Cooperation Office in Nanking at
the end of the same year, the Philippines,
a Unesco Member State, became the sec
ond country in the region to be serviced
by that newly established office in China .
The first visit of Unesco officials in this
country was early in 1948.
When the Chinese political situation
became difficult in 1948, the Philippine
delegation to the Third Unesco General
Conference in Beirut suggested that the
Unesco Office in China be transferred to
Manila , where the Government generous
iy offered the former UP Infirmary Build
ing as its location . Following that invita
tion , a new office of Unesco was opened
in Manila in April 1949 as a Branch Office
of the Unesco China Scientific Center . Due
to the increasingly deteriorating situation
in China, the Manila Office began to serv ..
ice all new member states of Unesco in
this region , particularly Thailand and in
donesia . When a new Science Cooperation
Office for South East Asia was established
in Djakarta at the end of 1950 and when
the China Office was reduced to a nucleus
in Shanghai in 1951 , the Unesco East Asia
Science Cooperation Office, Manila Branch ,
began to service, besides the Philippines,
all three new member states of former
French Indochina, namely Laos, Cambo-
dia, and Vietnam and, at the same time.
continues friendly relations with institı!
tions and scientists in Hongkong and Ma
cao.
As its indicates, the Unesco
name
Science Cooperation Office in Manila has
as its main purpose the promotion of in
ternational scientific liaison . This means
to establish and to maintain close contacts
with the scientists and techzologists of
the region and to become familiar with
the scientific research of their respective
institutions and universities. The office
is the supply and the distribution center
for all kinds of scientific literature either
in original form or in microfilms. Existing
scientific information in the region is
forwarded to the rest of the world and
ideas or suggestions for further detailed
studies may be obtained from various
scientific or technological centers. The
office also facilitates the exchange of per
iodicals, scientific papers, and information
and of scientific materials : The outside
world is informed about the interesting
and important work carried out in the
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
region . When required , the office is able
to give scientific advice to governments
and cooperates with other organizations
in the region and with other UN Special
ized Agencies. Facilities for travelling
scientists to make lectures on their parti
cular subjects are also made possible by
the Unesco Office.
Considerable work was done along these
lines by the Unesco Manila Office during
the past three years. Many previous con
tacts for the exchange of publications ,
disorganized by the war, were re -estab
lished and extended . The Philippines had
firmly established its position before the
war and its scientific periodicals were
very much appreciated in scientific circles
abroad . To facilitate the movement of
scientific equipment and books , the Un
esco Office promotes at present the ratifi
cation of the Lake Success Agreement by
the Philippine Government.
The Unesco Office also receives many
free scientific periodicals
periodicals,, booklets and
other publications which are widely dis
tributed all around this country. In order
to inform foreign scientists about post -war
changes, the Unesco Office issued in 1951
a List of Scientific and Technical Journals
of South East Asia listing publications of
all the countries of the region , with a
supplement including Chinese periodicals .
Many foreign publications and scarce back
numbers were also provided for local scien-
tists, often on microfilm . It is naturally
impossible to know immediately where
all such reference publications can be
obtained, but the Unesco Office, with the
help of its Paris Headquarters, has the
The most recent meeting ( picture below ) of WHO was held in Geneva in
May where Philippines' Dr. Juan Salce do, secretary of health , presided.
1951 - 1952
means to find them through the coopera
tion of scientific and professional societ
les which are in consultative status with
Unesco, mainly through the International
Congress of Scientific Unions ( ICSU ).
The exchange of scientific material
during the period of Unesco activity in
the Philippines was especially interesting.
Various seeds of new species of plants
were introduced into this country for trial,
such as corn , rice , and wheat . Local seri
culture was aided by the importation of
eggs of South American silk worm breeds.
Cuttings of ramie were supplied from In
dochina . Herbarium plants were exchang
ed with Indochina and Thailand. Some
new medicines were imported for local
experiments, such as the treatment of
leucodermia . Various wood specimens were
supplied for study of the possibility of
introducing new species of trees. Some
rare chemicals were provided for local
scientific research and Philippine scien
tists have been put into contact with their
foreign colleagues, working in the same
fields in order that they might exchange
their experiences.
If these few examples give an idea of
the variety of Unesco efforts to foster
science in the Philippines , foreign scien
tists have also been able to profit from
the help of the Unesco Office to learn of
the scientific research done by their Fi:
ipino colleagues . Many local reference
have been supplied all over the world , oft
en in microfilms or photostatic copies, lo .
cal species of sugar cane cuttings were
sent to Bangkok, and cacao pods for trial
plantings in Thailand were sent by air
freight, mulberry cuttings were supplied
to Latin America. Fish specimens were
sent to Sweden , and information on local
prawn fishing methods was supplied to
England . Ramie cuttings ' were airfreight
ed to Indochina as well as corn, rice and
wheat seeds. Seeds of medicinal plants
were made available to English scientists
and a New Guinea scientist was informed
about the economic distribution of the
important vegetable pest, the giant snail
“ Achatina fulica ."
Through Unesco's help, four Filipino
scientists were able to attend the 7th Pa
cific Science Congress in New Zealand in
 1951 - 1952
PAYS BAS
ic
Philippine delegates to Geneva's WHO appear in above photograph, left to
an
right - Dr. A. C. Navarro, Dr. Juan Salcedo, secretary of health, and Dr. T. Eli
cano, director of public hospitals.
to sembly.
roit : 1949 and active support is given to
Philippine National Research Council in
the preparation of the 8th Pacific Science
Congress to be held in Manila in 1953 .
20
Since the Philippines was one of the
с со : countries greatly damaged by the last
utting war, the Unesco Office concentrated its
ods effort to help considerably in the recons
sen: 5 truction of local laboratories and institu
ere su tions. Microfilm readers were supplied by
imena Paris Headquarters to various institutions
tion or and libraries, and the National Museum
suport was helped with books and necessary che
re airis micals. Following detailed investigations
Cort, made by Unesco Office, many institutions
Cucina and libraries were included in Unesco
Elisha projects for the Gift Coupon Scheme and
was some of them have already received as
ution : sistance through books, an audio - visual
he gian : van with film projector and wire record
er, laboratory material and equipment.
four Further laboratory equipment and mater
ad the ial is on the way to this country for dis
ew Zealas tribution and other similar help is ex
pected soon . This aid also concerns pri
in Genes mary and secondary schools, hospitals,
presided Manila Boys' Town, professional schools,
and so forth . In cooperation with the lo
cal CARE Office, a survey of 35 primary
schools was made in Manila preliminary
to the distribution of 3,500 books to their
libraries.
The Unesco Office also maintains its
very good reference library in Manila
where interested people can consult not
only all Unesco documents and Unesco
lists of publications,
but also leading
scientific periodicals and various other
documents . Local scientists, especially
medical researchers, may consult many re
ferences otherwise probably not available
in any other library or institution in this
country.
The Unesco Manila Office , although it
is primarily concerned with science, could
not stay isolated from other Unesco acti
vities in this country . Considerable free
information material is distributed to
schools and institutions. Various radio
broadcasting stations are supplied
ularly with Unesco records and
Science Cooperation Office broadcasts a
regular monthly quarter hour over DZRH .
An information bulletin is issued in Ma
nila every two months. This SCO Bulletin
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
PHILIPPINES
Salcedo was elected president of the as
the contains interesting information concerri
ing the Office's work in the region and
the latest news of the work of Paris
Headquarters . News of interest to the
Philippines is made available to the local
newspapers by press releases .
Unesco Headquarters in Paris has Phil
ippine citizens on nearly every list of fel
lowships for study abroad , thus showing
its great interest in helping students to
continue extensive studies in foreign
countries . The Headquarters also distri
butes directly in the Philippines many co
pies of the Unesco Courrier , the Unesco
Bulletin for Libraries, and other of
publications.
The Unesco travelling exposition of re-
productions of paintings of old masiers was
shown in Manila and in the provinces.
other artistic exposition of 150 reproductions
of paintings of Leonardo da Vinci was offer
ed recently to the Government in connect
ion with the 500th birth anniversary of
tht world famous artist . An exposition of
scientific apparatus, called " our senses
and the knowledge of the world ,” intended
to popularize science, is expected here at
the end of this year . This exposition sould
stimulate further interest in scientific
studies in the Philippines.
In connection with its scientific activi
ties, the Unesco Office in Manila promoted
the foundation of the Philippine Associa
tion for the Advancement of Science and
hy means of financial help made possible
the attendance of its delegate to the Re
gional Conference of Associations for the
Advancement of Science in Bangkok last
December .
The important participation of Unesco
in the United Nations Declaration of Hu
man Rights was carried out locally with
the help of this Office; a translation into
Tagalog was made and distributed
schools, reading centers, and libraries in
cooperation with the United Nations In
formation Center and the United Nations
Association of the Philippines. The Unes
co Office also participates actively in the
annual celebration of United Nations Day
reg
on October 24 and Human Rights Day on
the
December 10 .
To assist in the improvement of educa
tional methods, Unesco sent a special
( Continued on page 91 )
25
WHO
IN PI
HE World Health Organization Region
THE
al Office for the Western Pacific was
established in September 1950 with Head
quarters temporarily in Hongkong. One
year later, the Regional Office was estab
lished permanently in Manila.
Membership of the Western Pacific Re
gion of WHO is divided into two categor
ies :
a) countries with their seats of gov
ernment situated within the Region , in
cluding Australia . Cambodia , China, Jap
an, Korea, Laos, New Zealand, Philippines,
and Vietnam :
b ) countries responsible for territories
within the Region , including France, the
Netherlands , Portugal, the United King
dom, and the United States.
Since its establishment, the Regionai
Office has given assistance in various
fields of health to Australia , British So
lomon Islands. Brunei . Cambodia , China ,
Fiji, Hongkong, Korea, Laos, Malaya, New
Zealand , North Borneo, Philippines, Sin
gapore, and Vietnam .
In the Philippines, assistance, often in
its
conjunction with UNICEF, has been prov
ided to the Government in a number of
different programmes for the raising of
health standards . One of the earliest car
An ried out was that of the Rural Health De
monstration and Training Center in Que
zon City. After a period of one year this
project was taken over by the Philippine
Government and is now being operated
solely by it. An expansion of this program
me is now under negotiation . Aid was also
given to the diphtheria immunization pro
gramme and consultants have been prov
ided to the BCG production laboratory in
Alabang
A Treponematoses Control Programme
is now in progress in Samar and Leyte
and it is expected that the work will ex
tend to Mindanao by the end of this year .
Commenced in August 1951 , this campaign
has already examined over 175,000 persons
for yaws and given treatment to more
than 14,000 cases.
А Malaria Control Pilot Project has
commenced in Mindoro and it is expected
that the success of this project will per
mit extension of malaria control through
out the Philippines .
A Schistosomiasis ( snail fever ) Control
to
Programme is scheduled to commence in
the middle of this year. In this, as with
other projects, international health work
ers provided by WHO will work alongside
Philippine national health personnel.
A Mental Health Consultant was prov
ided to the Philippines shortly after the
establishment of the Regional Office and
development of work in this field is plan
ned for this year. Other projects to com
mence in 1952 include Assistance to Edu
( Continued on page 95 )
 26
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

VETERANS PAYMENTS
U. S. Veterans Administration
Manila Regional Office

BRIG . GEN . RALPH LOVETT

H the assumption by the Philippine
WIJIT
TH
Republic of its new and increasingly
important role in world affairs, by virtue
of its strategic location in a key area ,
Asia , the struggle of this youthful Repub
lic to find its economic legs becomes more
vital each day.
To remain as sound economically as it
is democratically , the Philippines is cons
tantly seeking to tip the import - export
scales in its favor and thereby increase its
ability to purchase on all foreign marketas.
This requires the retention of a solid dol
lar reserve .
Behind the scenes of this major battie ,
there is the agency in the Philippines
which quietly contributes more regularly
to the Republic's dollar coffers than any
other single organization .
This agency is the United States Vet-
erans Administration with its main office,
the Manila regional office, located on the
Escolta , and headed by Brig. Gen. Ralph
B. Lovett.
In a particularly unpretentious manner,
this agency has since July, 1946 , poured
the staggering amount of about one -half
billion pesos, but in dollars, into the Phil
ippine economy through its steady month
ly payments to eligible beneficiaries.
Here is a view of the Contact Division, U. S. Veterans Administration , as it appeared
back in 1947 when hundreds of claims were being filed daily .
with which a USVA claimant first comes into contact.
An now, in these crucial days, the U.S. off their pensions alone. Their money goes
V.A. inauspiciously is paying out about to their immediate subsistence. It goes to
$7,000,000 each month to almost 90,000 the vendor, the tailor, the landlord, for
residents of the islands. Indeed , on an food .
average, the U.S.V.A. has paid out as much This cycle gives the economy its boost
as P565,000 each day for a 30- day period . at the starting point .
Take for example the last calendar year By way of explanation , U.S.V.A. checks
1951. During the 12-month period, the actually represent dollar equivalent but
U.S.V.A. disbursed in the Philippines are cashable only in pesos. At one time
P126,989,584.06 in equivalent dollars. This the payees received checks in dollars bui
does not include the P2,866,936.86 which to assist the Philippine government in
went for salaries of employees . checking the blackmarket, the U.S. treas
How is it that the importance of such ury consented to make its checks cashable
a major boost to the Philippine economy cnly in pesos.
escapes the notice of most people ? A more vivid example of how the USVA
The answer lies in the fact that the payment boosts the economy may be seen
P17,000,000 which the U.S.V.A. paid out in in a comparison with the huge new hos
December, 1951 , as an example, was in pital which is to be erected in Diliman .
the form of about 86,000 different checks. Quezon city, for Philippine Army and
Therefore, the average individual check recognized guerrillas with service- con
was about P190 and the checks were paid nected disabilities. This hospitals was ori
to beneficiaries in every province in the ginally to cost P18,800,000.
Philippines, inaeed , in virtually every Due to increased construction costs, this
municipality . amount has now been increased to 30 , ring pit
The beneficiaries are composed of dis 000,000 pesos. At that price it will be the of Escolta
largest, finest, most modern hospital in the u by the l' .
abled veterans, widows, orphans and de
pendent parents of deceased veterans Far East . And yet, compare its cost with
who had service with the U.S. Army. Gen only two months ' regular disbursement .
Juse and th
erally, these are the ordinary people, the Notice that if all beneficiaries agreed to
for subsista
farmers, the laborers, or those who lived forego receiving their checks for just two
months , another gigantic hospital could - payments
be erected similar to the one on the plan se overall PL
ning boards right now ! - a bigger way
This is the division
Take a typical beneficiary. She is a wi same story m
dow of a veteran of USAFFE who was veeran who
killed in Bataan . She has two fatherless a breadwin
children . Her claim is approved and she a deceased v
is awarded death compensation and P10 , --earning sta
000 gratuitous insurance, payable in dren who
monthly installments. This young widow carded by th
receives two initial awards , one for com vip service,
pensation and one for insurance , each - protect mis
amounting to about P4,000. With this ini
tial payment, she pays off debts incurred ...ing occup
during the liberation years when she had
no regular income . Then she erects a smail
house for herself and her children , on a PAYMEN
TS
lot also purchased from her award . S DURING
Established in this manner , she then
sets out to educate her children, a task 2 NO . OF E
that is no longer difficult for she is to re 79,5
ceive about P180 each month . The sum 81,7
will stay that large until her children 81,3
have reached the age of majority, then 77,7
decrease because of the emancipation of 81,2
78,0
her children from minority. But, she stili 81,8
will receive a monthly payment for the 78.4
remainder of her life, so long as she does 84 ,
not remarry . 85,1
Therefore, the U.S.V.A. payments not 87,1
88,5
only rehabilitated the lives of this widow
and her children, but circulated in the lo OF EMP
EXPEN
cal economy through the repayment of her SI
debts, the purchase of a lot and materials OTAL
 -
1- 1952

27
-
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK

U. S. VETERANS ADMINISTRATION
MANILA REGIONAL OFFICE
Escolta - David , Manila
TOTAL DISBURSEMENT IN
PHILIPPINES
From
JULY 1946 through JUNE 1951
1946 $ 256,549.55
1947 $ 2,656,007.35
1948 $ 29,194,193.84
1949 $ 48,633,886.93
1950 $ 66,966,023.87
1951 $ 49,551,231.76

gantic proportions.
During the year 1947, which was the
first year that payments in any consider
able amount were made , the total was 22
million dollars. In 1948 the total jumped to
35 million dollars ; in 1949 it reached 56
million during 1950 and 1951 it was near
ly 60 million dollars . During the first three
months of 1952 it was over 20 million doi
lars , which would indicate a total for 1952
of about 80 million dollars . A good amount
of the increase has been because of the ad
judication of new claims , the originai
check in each case covering all accruea
payments back to the date of death
disability . It has been estimated in the
United States that the total cost per claim
of many types of claims, once they are es
tablished , is as much as $50,000 . It is only
within the last year or so that the last
claim based on the war of 1812 was closed
cut by the death of the last beneficiary.
USVA payments are entirely to veterans
or their dependents. The Veterans Admi
r.istration has never had anything to do
with the arrears in pay or “ back pay ” pro
gram, which was simply payments to sol-
ciers or sailors for their services during
This is a striking picture of the imposing U. S. Veterans Administration Building at the war - salary payments that could not
the corner of Escolta and David, Manila . Formerly the Heacock's Building , it was be made at the time because of Japanese
purchased by the U. S. Government and completely renovated after the war for occu occupation . The army and the navy have
pancy by the USVA. handled that entirely. Neither does the
USVA have anything to do with guerrilla
for her house and the regular day- to - day gional office was formerly occupied by recognition, which quite correctly has been
purchases for subsistence. In addition , be Heacock's department store, and was an Army function . It does have consider
cause the payments were in the form of known as the Heacock Building. It was able interest in the fact that a man may
dollars, the overall Philippine economy be purchased and reconditioned after the war or may not have been recognized as a
nefits in a bigger way . for use by the U.S. Veterans Administra guerrilla but the Army furnishes a state
This same story may be applied to the tion . In addition to the Manila office there ment of his service and that is the offi-
disabled veteran who thought he would no are three contact offices presently located cial record by which the VA must be guid
longer be a breadwinner , and to aged pa.. at Cebu , Bacolod and Iloilo. There are also ed . However, the local USVA office did use
rents of a deceased veteran who are past from 30 to 40 investigators stationed at IBM equipment to make the only existing
the wage - earning stage. It applies to or various points for a month or more at a complete rosters of recognized guerrillas
phaned children whose estates are watch time working on investigations in the areas and those lists, alphabetically arranged
ed and guarded by the U.S.V.A.'s legal and they cover. Both the contact officers and have been furnished the Army, the VA of-
guardianship service, designed to watch the investigators are official representa
fice in Washington , and others concerned .
over and protect minor and incompetent tives of the USVA in the field . The lists were made up from Army records
wards . however , and actual guerrilla recognition
The mission and responsibility of the
The building occupied by the Manila re USVA is simply to administer the various ( Continued on page 94)
benefits authorized by United States laws GEORGE A. KRAMER
USVA PAYMENTS IN THE PHILIP to veterans and their widows and orphans Assistant Manager
PINES DURING THE YEAR 1951 in the Philippines who have entitlement
under those laws. All types of claims are
MONTH
NO . OF PAYEES AMOUNT handled and completed locally except
January those based on the death of a veteran .
February 79,571 P 7,967,588.50
81,700 8,295,333.98 Throughout the Veterans Administration
March
April 81,370 8,629,604.04 a long standing policy is that death claims
May 77,791 8,270,280.40 are adjudicated and paid from Washing
81,204 9,052,088.12
June
78,005 9,088,016.54 ton . Death claims originating in the Phil
July 81,841 11,079,826.24 ippines , however , are investigated anc
August 78,469
September 9,852,369.76 prepared for final adjudication here .
October 84,989 11,651,522.82
November 85,114 14,174,530.98 There has been a Veterans Administra
December 87,079 17,183,777.06 tion Office in the Philippines since 1922,
88,588 11,744.645.62
TOTAL except for the war years. Prior to the war
P 126,989,584.0 it was a very small office administering
SALARIES OF EMPLOYEES AND OPER6
ATING EXPENSES 2.866.936.86 to only about 7,500 and the payments were
GRAND TOTAL only a few thousand dollars . Since the war.
P 129,856,520.92
the payments to beneficiaries have in
creased rather rapidly to the present gi
 1.1952
28 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
izing its resources, under the threat of Communist im a Techi
perialism , it has been necessary to accelerate the pace of s from th
development by outside aid and stimulus. That is the
Wutual SI
key, in general, to the philosophy of American aid in Asia. mutual se
In the Philippines, enough of a head start has been ut of eco
made toward the development of an economy compatible
It reco
D IPA
S with complete national sovereignty to make this nation ant improt
serve as a model to some of the other Asian states and
27 secuI
peoples. This belief has determined the nature of the of milit:
Economic Cooperation for Asia program in the Philip permit
pines.
Under less dramatic and less serious circumstances, The Phili
more time might safely be taken to build up the economy acil for
of the Philippines, butunder the conditions that confront CUSA, a
us and in the setting just mentioned, the mutual security e coment
of the Philippines and the other free nations particul per the MS !
arly the other eight new nations of Southeast Asia - de into m
1995 of the
mands rapid development and expansion of production
with improved levels of living. The United States, real - forestry
izing that one way to avoid a far - flung disastrous con Ano works
flict is to make it highly costly and dubiously successful velfare
to the instigator through adequate defense preparation Althou
and production , has assumed a tremendous financial bur wacticall
den and joined with the Philippines and other free na 47 mill
tions to undertake an extensive program of economic de is br JL
velopment , increased output, and more satisfactory living unterp:
conditions. The goal is increased economic strength to will no
eliminate or reduce areas of low living standards which Peso ex]
breed discontent and to withstand assault from within uiter the
or without. A stronger Philippines means a stronger astruct
United States ally and greater total strength for the for of the d
ces of the free world. will nc
o later
Under the tremendous challenge of this situation , The thin
the Philippines , with the United States , is embarking progra
upon a program which will represent a response compar countrie
ble with the challenge. The Philippines demonstrated that a :
the practical application of the basic theory of challenge c26e wit]
and response during the last war when they united in a labor
their supreme efforts to overcome the difficulties at hand . ans na
We are confident the Philippines will show the same type Sources
of response to the critical economic challenge that now tons.
confronts them . In a sense , today's crisis may prove a some pl
blessing in disguise, accelerating Philippine economic de and min
velopment far beyond its normal pace. e free w
The United States has implemented its assistance in 201. A
the form of dollar appropriations for the purchase of opine pe
commodities, equipment, and facilities needed in carrying - self-re
Dr. ROLAND RENNE out the economic development projects, making technical I takes
eram un
Cated t
of exp

AMERICAN AID 2 of pro

phoriti
e use C
35 of E
prevail
In The Economic Development Of The Philippines S. ра
al and
By DR. ROLAND R. RENNE big dil
since
Chief of the Special Technical and Economic Mission
U.S. Mutual Security Agency bilat
seve
toi ma
Since the end of World War II, the new nations of Asia experts available to work with Philippine leaders in plan
to the
have been faced with the problems not only of re ning and carrying out economic development projects ,
constructing the areas damaged by military hostilities and financing the training of Philippine technologists in the
through additional foreign study and experience. The En
but of working towards that greater degree of economic 150
autonomy demanded by their status as sovereign states. Philippines, with its rich basic soil and mineral resources zan.ab
As America experienced 176 years ago, this period of to support economic expansion and growth and an abun
dant labor supply, has made available a counterpart peso .US
national infancy normally is a critical one. How much
more so in today's world of tension ! It was early recog fund to pay part of the cost of the development program.
calon
nized that predatory Communism would seek to take ad Up to the present time ( May 19, 1952) the United
States has appropriated 47 million dollars for this pro are
vantage of such periods of weakness to capture the free e desp
states of Asia before they had grown to a stage of ability gram in the Philippines, and the Philippine Congress
to protect themselves. Thus, the new nations of Asia were has appropriated 50 million pesos for its ECA-Counter tel
denied the luxury of leisurely, normal realization of their part fund. There is now before the Congress of the Unit
ed States a request for an appropriation of 32 million
potential . dollars for the coming fiscal year beginning July 1, 1952 ,
For this reason, America's foreign aid program in the and the Philippine Congress has before it a request for TO BI
Pacific has differed somewhat from that in Europe. In an additional 25 million pesos for the MSA -Counterpart
Europe, American aid was required chiefly to reconstruct fund. In addition, the Philippine Congress is being asked
and rehabilitate existing economies. In Asia, the prob to appropriate nearly 9 million pesos to defray the ad De

lem has been to help develop and expand virtually new ditional cost involved by various Philippine bureaus and
economies. Instead of waiting for the slow process of the agencies in connection with carrying out MSA projects.
nation's manpower reacting to the nation's need by util The United States Congress changed the name of the IT :
951-1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 29

pecial Technical and Economic Mission to the Philip

ines from the Economic Cooperation Administration to
ne Mutual Security Agency. The latter title emphasizes
ne mutual security phases of the joint undertaking grow
ng out of economic development and military prepared
ess . It recognizes the fundamental importance of eco
STRENGT **
H FOR THE
omic improvement and economic development to the
nilitary security of the nation, and, in turn, the import
nce of military preparedness to provide the conditions
vhich permit operation of an economic expansion pro
gram .
FREE WORLD
FROM THE
NITED STATES OF AMERICA
FIRST ECA CASE
The Philippine Government has set up the Philippine
Council for United States Aid , commonly referred to as
PHILCUSA , as its agency to carry out the joint economic
development program with the Mutual Security Agency.
ICON
EOROLOONS
Both the MSA Mission and PHILCUSA have divided their
work into major divisions corresponding to important
phases of the Philippine economy such as : ( 1 ) agricul
ture , forestry and fisheries; ( 2 ) health ; ( 3 ) industry and
public works; (4) fiscal and trade policy; (5) labcs and
social welfare ; ( 6) education ; and (7 ) public administra
tion . Although firm requests have gone to Washington
for practically all of the dollar funds available andthe
whole 47 million will be definitely committed for various
projects by June 30 , along with 15 to 20 million pesos from
the counterpart fund , the actual commodities and equip
ment will not arrive in many cases until well after that
date . Peso expenditures will correspondingly increase hea
vily after these commodities and equipment are available
to construct and operate the projects. Thus, the full ef
fect of the development program on the Philippine eco
nomy will not be felt until the middle of the fiscal year S $$$$$$

1953 or later.
The thing that makes the joint economic develop
ment program of the two nationsso promising is that the
two countries can supplement each other with the re
sult that a stronger program is possible than would be
the case with either nation working alone. The United
States labor force is now fully employed and already hea
vy drains have been made upon American soil and miner
al resources to meet the defense needs of existing world
conditions. A limited amount of dollars spent in the joint
Philippine program using Philippine labor and Philippine
soil and mineral resources will increase total production
of the free world and thereby strengthen the forces of de
mocracy. At the same time it will speed the day when
Philippine political independence will be matched by eco
nomic self- reliance .
It takes time to get a major economic development
program under full swing. Dollars and pesos can be ap
propriated but it takes time to build a well-coordinated
staff of experts competent to consider wisely the hun
dreds of proposals submitted for development and to give
first priorities to those projects which will make most ef
fective use of the funds available. Under the existing con
ditions of full employment in the United States which
now prevail, it is extremely difficult to recruit technical
experts, particularly in certain specialized agricultural,
medical and industrial lines. The ECA Mission has been
striving diligently to secure an adequate staff of techni
cians since the program got under way with the signing CONSIGN
of the bilateral agreement last April 27. In the last few ECA MISE TO
HIE'S
THE PHILIK
weeks several technicians have arrived , but we are still KORT OF TRY
short of many experts . KLA , PA

At the same time, it is difficult to mobilize suddenly

all of the forces of the Philippine economy essential for
sound economic development. The management and ca
pital for some types of development projects are not read
ily available and time is required to analyse the merits
of various proposals to see which ones fit best the basic
needs of the Philippine economy. Much progress has been
made along these lines in recent weeks and project applic
ations are now being considered and acted upon with
more despatch , bid specifications are being prepared more
adequately and rapidly , and the whole process of imple
( continued on page 30

TOP TO BOTTOM—This boat, the s.s. Socrates, carried the first

ECA (now MSA ) shipment of fertilizers of 4,000 tons to
the Philippines early in 1951, inset is Capt. C. N. Coly
Pas, skipper of the ship; next picture shows Vice -President Fer
nando Lopez receiving in the name of the Philippine govern
ment shipment from W. Stanley Allen ; last picture shows Miss
kurora Villanueva ( blindfolded ) drawing lots to distribute fer
tilizers, in the presence of Cayetano Pineda, fertilizer admi
nistrator of PhilCUSA and some of his staff.
30 THE PHILIPPINE
Above picture was taken during a joint meeting of the Philippine Councu Jor United States Aid and of the Mutual Security Agency
mission in Manila during the visit in June of Clarence A. Decker (fourth from left ) , MSA assistant director ; Jose Yulo. PHILCUSA
head, is at center , and on his left is Dr. Ronald R. Rene, MSA
executive secretary, and Edward Prentice, deputy chief, MSA Manila mission .
American Aid ... ( Continued from page 29 )
menting various development projects is moving forward
more effectively.
The role of the United States in this development
program through its Special Technical and Economic
Mission is primarily one of making available technical
know -how and capital. It is our responsibilty under the
terms of the bilateral agreement to work with Philippine
officials from the first steps of planning through the
mäny stages leading to the end results of project accom
plishment in an advisory capacity, but not in an actual
operating capacity. We , of course, do have the responsi
bility of approving or refusing approval of undertakings
in which ECA programs are involved, both dollars and
counterpart pesos, and in turn PHILCUSA has similar
authority, but the initiative and the effort required to
carry out the programs which are agreed upon must
come largely from Filipinos.
Our role is to provide the technical assistance needed
to initiate legislative or administrative measures, to help
in the planning of projects , to provide a part of the fin
ancial means whereby needed equipment, facilities and
materials can be secured, and to provide the necessary
auditing and control over the use of United States funds
which the law requires. We, of course, from time to time
suggest projects and programs which we believe are par
ticularly desirable, but it is hoped that as the joint under
taking proceeds, more and more of the initiative for sug
gesting new projects and working out the details for ap
praising the soundness of projects will come from the
Filipinos , and our functions will be more completely and
properly those of an advisory nature and of a technical
assistance type. As the program swings into full force
with its total impact upon the Philippine economy, there
should be less and less need for dollar grants. If the
programs is effective, Philippine national income will ex
pand, tax wealth and tax revenues will increase, and liv
ing levels improve. American capital , both public and
private, will undoubtedly be available for investment in
the form of loans or for actual development within the
country if the joint economic development program
YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Manila chief. Extreme right, Dr. Amando Dalisay , PHILCUSA
works out successfully.
The program is designed to be a balanced program
and to remove all or most of the major economic bottle
necks. From time to time we are urged to concentrate on
this phase or that phase but if the program is to be of
maximum usefulness , we must see to it that no one sec
tor of the economy is developed to the disadvantage of ,
or with harmful effects on , any other sector. The whole
level of the economy must be brought up if it is to con
tinue as a permanent improvement. Consequently, while
we place more funds and give more support to certain
types of projects such as those in the agricultural field
including expansion of rice production, control of des
tructive diseases in abaca and coconuts, development of ir
rigation projects to make adequate supplies of water
available to increase output of basic crops, etc., we do not
limit our efforts to the agricultural field alone realizing
that significant improvements in public health condi
tions are necessary for satisfactory settlement in unde
veloped areas , and that certain processing and small dev
elopment projects are essential for increased diversifica
tion and consequently for greater stability of the Philip
pine economy .
The unavailability of equipment and necessary
commodities for some projects has made it necessary
to make some shifts in our project allotments for
the current year . In some cases, this has been done
merely by moving a number two priority project up to a
number one category because equipment and capital
items are more readily procurable for implementation of
the project. However, this does not represent any major
shift in policy. Our first emphasis continues to be upon
those projects which will increase production of agricul
tural commodities essential in the national diet or for
export , namely rice , corn , abaca and coconuts. We will
have some thirty-five thousand tons of ECA fertilizer
available for the coming rice crop compared with four
thousand tons this past year, and are now working to
install irrigation pumps and to secure steel and equip
ment to build gravity irrigation systems so that more
adequate supplies of water will be available to increase
Continued
( on page 92)
 1
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 THE PHILIPPINE
1951 - 1952 .
The PHILIPPINES
DOES HIER
By JOSE YULO
Chairman , PHILCUSA
American policy planners have long considered the stra
PART
tegic importance of the Pacific basin in contraposi
tion to the land mass that is Europe. This is emphasized
in the apparent gradual shifting of United States policy
efforts from Europe to the Pacific area without abandon
ing military and economic commitments in the former.
American economic aid has its genesis in the necessity to
rebuild the shattered economy of Europe. Its application
to the vast underdeveloped lands that constitute the Pa
cific basin is eloquent proof of that gradual shift.
Themountingconcern of theUnitedStates over the
receding economies of the countries in the Pacific area
finds logic from the realities of current events. It is of
general knowledge that a country's shattered economy
fits perfectly into the pattern of communist infiltration.
Just as democracy finds sustenance in prosperity and
contentment, Redism thrives eagerly in confusion and
want.
American economic aid in its worldwide application,
therefore, may be safely likened to a two-pronged instru
ment for universal security and peace . The first prong is
aimed , in the words of Gen. George C. Marshall in his
Harvard speech that unfolded the Economic Cooperation
Administration, at doing " whatever it is possible to do to
assist in the return of normal economic health in the
world , without which there can be no political stability
and no assured peace .” The second prong sur plements
the first in that it aims to nip in the bud the emergence
of a way of life which is destructive of the institutions
held sacred by all liberty-loving peoples.
It is in the light of these aims that the part played
by the Philippines in the economic assistance program
could be assessed with definite clarity. For American as
sistance is proffered in the pursuit of economic and social
reforms which are in turn aimed at the strengthening of
the fabric of democracy and free enterprise.
The full panoply of American economic assistance to
the Philippines covers the " solution of age-old social and
economic problems gravely aggravated by the last war"
Dr. AMANDO DALISAY
Executive Secretary
PHILCUSA
YEARBOOK 31
A JOSE YULO
which will “ bring about a new era of Philippine progress
and plenty .” To this end, President Quirino and William
C. Foster in their memorandum of agreement , " realized
that the Philippines must have greater production , a
more diversified economy and a higher family income for
its industrial and agricultural laborers , all of which will
greatly contribute to the enhancement of free institu
tions in the Philippines."
On the Philippine side of this bilateral effort , the
Philippine Council for United States Aid, the local agency
charged with direct dealings with ECA (now MSA ), in
collaboration with various government agencies has pro
grammed a comprehensive economic development blue
print the implementation of which will consummate the
objectives of American economic assistance. Without
minimizing the counterpart effort of other countries in
the Pacific basin , the full implementation of the Philip
pine program blueprinted in consonance with objectives
of American economic assistance will weigh heavy in the
realization of a new Pacific era — an era devoid of incen
tives to exploitation , colonialism and the prevalence of
sub-standard levels of existence.
To effect absolute realization of the Philippine econo
mic development program , PHILCUSA initiated five pro
ject categories upon which rests the focus of the coun
try's total economic mobilization effort as called forth in
the Quirino- Foster agreement. They are : ( 1) agriculture,
forestry, and fisheries ; (2) transportation , power and
public works; ( 3) public health ; (4) education ; and ( 5)
handicraft , manufacturing, mining and other industries.
These project categories complement each other to
ward the end-object of the economic developinent pro
gram and more particularly will carry out the following
immediate objectives : ( 1 ) accelerate the rehabilitation
and development of agriculture by rejuvenating agricul
tural research facilities, strengthening extension work
and other public services in agriculture , and extending
necessary aids to farmers in increasing their crop and
animal production ; ( 2 ) give impetus to investment in in
dustry and mining through assistance in the exploration
and investigation of mineral deposits, rehabilitation of
the mining school , aid to home industry and assistance
to processing industries; ( 3 ) accelerate distribution of
public lands and insure farm ownership to the large mass
of population ; ( 4 ) improve and develop transportation
and communication facilities including public works in
order to facilitate the marketing of commodities, improve
living conditions of the masses and bring rural commu
nities close together ; and ( 5 ) insure the necessary health
conditions and provide facilities for education that will
promote continued development in agriculture and in
dustry and the healthy growth of rural communities.
Assessed on its long-range effect, these project cate
gories will provide for the development of those socio
economic conditions which will stimulate investment in
agriculture and industry, increase opportunities for em
( Continued on page 84 )
32
FINANCING
Philippine Development
By M. CUADERNO, Sr.
Governor, Central Bank of the Philippines
FROM time to time the acceleration of
the rate of economic development of
the Philippines through the path of infla
tion , deficit spending and cheap money
-
policies is being suggested . Much has
-
been written in the course of the last
twenty years about the benefits that defi
cit spending and a cheap money policy
could bring to a country in a condition of
underemployment. The experience, how
ever, of countries that have tried this
scheme has shown that it is not of proven
efficacy in all environments.
In a country like the United States dur
ing a depressed period when labor is un
employed , there also exists in the economy
a substantial amount of unused plant faci
lities . A rise in effective demand stimu
lated by government deficit spending re
acts immediately on these reservoir of un
employed or idle resources which are
harnessed back to production without too
much delay Because of the immediate
expansion of production an inflationary in
crease in the domestic price level due to
the injection of additional purchasing
power via government deficit spending is
avoided . In such an economy as that of
the United States, government deficit
spending becomes a dangerous expedient
only after reaching a condition of full
employment. In an underdeveloped coun
try like the Philippines, however, the
environment is totally different.
In these countries production responds
less easily to an increase in effective de
mand even when there is unemployed la
bor. This is so because there is no
unemployed or. idle factory equipment in
which the unemployed labor can be put to
work. Their vast potential resources can
not be harnessed overnight to effective
production without passing through a pro
tracted period of conversion , construction ,
training and development. When an in
crease in effective demand is not matched
by an increase in production its main effect
is to cause prices to rise.
There is another potent reason why de
ficit spending and cheap money policies are
dangerous for underdevelped countries .
The tendency to import of these countries
is high . The workers spend a large part
of their income on imported goods. In
creased demand for such goods will result
in a bigger outflow of foreign exchange .
If extra foreign exchange is not available,
the increase money income would add to
the total money in circulation and to in
flationary pressures.
The proponents of the Keynesian tool of
deficit spending and cheap money supply
in the Philippines do not seem to realize
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
the difference in the environment of under-
developed and highly developed countries,
and that such a policy was adopted in the
United States during the great depression
of the early 30's , while inflation is the
problem of the world today, including the
Philippines . They fail to see that under
such circumstances, and considering the
inflationary effects of such a policy, es-
pecially in an underdeveloped country like
the Philippines, the expansion of effective
demand which would follow in the wake
of its adoption would hamper the achieve-
ment of the nation's objective of economic
development. It seems hardly necessary
to say that no country could hope to
achieve economic progress in an environ-
ment of financial instability .
Mariner S. Eccles, who served on the
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve
System for seventeen years ( most of the
time as chairman ) was one of the first
advocates of government deficit spending
in the United States during the first year
of late President Franklin D. Roosevelt's
administration . What Mr. Eccles had to
say as to the applicability of such a policy
to an underdeveloped economy like that of
the Philippines should be of interest in
this country .
Since this has become a controversial
question in the Philippines, the author of
this paper, modesty aside, is constrained
to quote the followign comments of Mr.
Eccles on a speech delivered by the au-
thor of this paper before the Chamber of
Commerce of the Philippines on January
26, 1951 :
" At the same time, however , you have
not overlooked the fact that the long
run objective of the Philippines is not
the maintenance of monetary stability
by itself. As you point out, what you
are seeking is monetary stability of a
sort which will promote the highest le
vel of production and employment con
sistent with the resources available to
the Philippine economy .
“ More than anything else , I was de-
lighted to see how effectively you ex-
ploded the fallacious argument that
deficit spending and cheap money po-
licies can accelerate the rate of econo-
mic development of the Philippines.
Yours is the most forceful statement of
the difference between the environment
1951 - 1952
MIGUEL CUADERNO
of an underdeveloped country and that
of a highly - developed country like the
United States, and the significance of
this difference for monetary and fiscal
policy, that I have had the pleasure of
reading anywhere . The point which is
usually overlooked by advocates of de
ficit financing as an instrument of eco
nomic development in underdeveloped
countries is that the vast potential re
sources of such countries cannot be har
nessed overnight to effective produc
tion without passing through a pro
tracted period of conversion , constrvc
tion , training and development. As the
experience of many Latin Ainerican
countries demonstrates, attempts to
force the rate of economic development
by excessive expansion of credit pro
duces inflation . Inflation, in turn , caus
es balance - of -payments difficulties, an
inequitable distribution of the national
income, and the making of investment
decisions on the basis of criteria which
are not in the long-run interest of the
country.”
A more recent paper on this controver
sial subject in the Philippines was read
at a recent convocation in the Far Eastern
University Auditorium , at Manila, by O. J.
McDiarmid, Director of the Fiscal and
Trade Policy Division of the ECA Special
Technical and Economic Mission in the
Philippines. The following are the perti
nent portions of the paper :
" But let us return to the perhaps nar
rower but vitally important financial as
pects of the problem . In the few min
utes at our disposal this evening I should
like to discuss financial stability and
economic development not as a dicho
tomy of contrary objectives but rather
as two mutually dependent and com
plementary aspects of national econo
mic policy . They were thus visualized
in the ' Quirino - Foster agreement on
November 1950 which laid the basis for
the cooperative effort now launched by
our governments in the Philippines.
The same philosophy has been a vital
consideration in the success of ERP and
other programs in which E.C.A. has
played a part. Properly conceived, I
believe financial stability is a sine qua
non for the prudent utilization of a
nation's resources whether those re
sources are obtained at home or in part
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 33

from overseas, and whether economic money either from government expen- agement. Today not only bureaucrats
development or some shorter range con- diture in excess of tax receipts or from and professors but central bank gover
sideration is the objective in view . Let newly created credit by the banking nors and sometimes finance ministers
us consider the basis of this proposition system will put to work new physical must have some awareness of the rela
and relate it to some of our problems and human resources and thus increase tionships between fiscal and monetary
in the Philippines. " 7)
the productivity of the economy. They policy on the one hand and national in
may recognize that in the interim con- come , savings, investment and the other
" The financial problems of economic sumer prices will rise and real incomes great aggregates of which Keynes wrote .
development or, perhaps more concrete decline as resources are directed into I do not believe he has provided us with
ly stated, of new capital formation on longer range investment operations, but a useful set of policies for economic
an extensive scale have confronted this temporary belt- tightening process, 3
development in the Philippines .
statesmen and their advisers during which economists call forced savings ,' " Those who would use monetary ex
many periods and under diverse eco is a necessary concomitant of the eco- pansion as a principal device for econo
nomic situaticns However, wherever nomic development process . mic development must bear in nind that
the environment was that of an orga the primary Keynesian tool for reacti
" The proponents of this line of eco vating unused labor and productive ca
nized monetary economy such as the nomic analysis are , of course , taking
Philippines with a banking system and pacity was through the expansion of ef
over and applying to what I believe to fective demand which in turn translat
governmental machinery for creating be a basically different situation, the
purchasing power as we used to say ed itself into investment opportunities,
doctrine which Lord Keynes and his increased cutput and full employment .
' out of thin air , ' there have always been followers applied to the unemployment
some who held that the best and easi Surely a precipitous rise in money in
ridden industrial economies of Europe come in countries lacking the means of
est way of directing the flow of resour and America in the 1930's . Certainly it
ces in the desired uses was through rapidly training and equiping a labor
is not my intention to take issue even force could have no such desirable re
placing new money in the hands of po
with the ghost of John Maynard Keynes sult. Despite abundant potentialities for
tential users, be they private entre or with those of his followers who may man -power in an economy like the
preneurs or public agencies. This can be in this audience . I would suggest, Philippines , inflation -induced hoarding
of course be done readily enough either however, that the master himself would
by so- called liberal credit policies of of consumer goods and raw materials
have written another book rather than
central banks or by deficit financing of might well deprive the economy of more
applied his General Theory to the prob real resources than could be produced
government agencies.
lems of economic development in the by the feverish condition inflation would
Philippines today. The great contribu stimulate . Certainly the experience of
“ Looking for a moment at the logical tions of the Keynes school were , firstly, Germany and Japan after World War
try a .
untry it aspects of this problem, those whom we to give the coup de grace for all prac II indicates the stifling effects of in
might call the monetary expansionists tical purposes to the deflationist or auto flation even in well developed econo
ignifica matic adjustment theory as a formula
ary and ground their case on the proposition mies lacking the means of quickly aug
that available savings in an under- for dealing with cyclical depression and , menting their supplies of consumer
the pleas
point it
developed area are apt to be small in secondly, to project out of the academic goods . The strain of such a condition
relation to the need of , and practical into the practical world of affairs both on both the international balance and
vocates i
Tumente opportunities for productive private or a technique and a sense of responsibility any equitable system of internal distri
underdere
public investment. The injection of new for national fiscal planning and man (Continued on page 90 )
st potenti The monetary board of the Central Bank in one of its regular weekly meetings resolving the economic problems of the country ,
cannot be with technicians at the rear. Leit to right-A. de lus Alas, Gover nor Miguel Cuaderno; and Manuel J. Marquez; Nicanor Tomas, Dr.
fective ? Horacio Lava, Cesar Lorenzo, Pio Pedrosa, president of the Philip pine National Bank, Aurelio Montinola who as secretary of fi
nance presides over board meetings ; and Placido L. Mapa, RFC chairman.
hrough
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Latin Act
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XX

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 -
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THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952 ed
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THE dawn ofthe 20th century found the
world at peace . Never before in history
had the civilized peoples of the world pos
sessed and enjcyed so much of the mater
ial comforts of life , rested in the snug feel .
ing of comparative security, and seen be
fore them a limitless field of vast possibil
ities for the furtherance of the frontiers
of commerce and trade and of science
and culture .
The first half of the present century
is the period to reckon with, in any at
tempt to portray present conditions and
visualize the role which banks should
play in the economy of the Philippines if
she is to have significant and effective
voice in the drama now beginning to un
fold in the Pacific basin . The i9th century
left the peoples of the civilized world with
great expectations, and the five decades
which followed were a period of epochal
developments and revolutionary changes
in all fields of human endeavor charac
terized by the ebb and flow of the tide of
momentous historical events. It was an
era of brilliant accomplishments and bit
ter disappointments, of plighted troths
and broken promises among peoples , of
the highest respect for human rights in
some countries and the most contemptible
disregard and scorn for them in others.
It was the fifty years when the products
of the creative genius of several centur
ies were almost totally obliterated. We
went through two world wars the com
pelling force of whose devastating effects
has broken down mossy walls of tradi
tion and given rise to new economic doc
trines and the adoption of economic poli
cies to adjust national exigencies to the
new pattern of life.
What is this new pattern of life ? They
tell us that it is collective security through
collective effort. But every partner in the
collective effort is expected to contribute
his share that will strengthen the whole .
We are thrown back therefore to the
time -honored saying that the chain is as
weak as its weakest link . In the field of
banking, if we are to attain the desired
strength so that the chain may not break
with our link , we should have control
over our financial resources . This is a
prerequisite to enable an independent
Philippines to implement the social, poli
tical and economic policies which she
considers most suitable for the improve
ment of the standard of living of her
own people .
Our Post
To trace the growth of banking in the
Philippines is to depict the slow and pain
every other aspect of their national life ,
they have had to contend against circum
siances imposed upon them by the vicis
situdes of their four odd centuries of co
lonial status.
When Spanish rule gave way to the
American regime in 1898, the El Banco Es
panol - Filipino and the Monte de Piedad y
Caja de Ahorros de Manila , and branches
of two English banks, the Hongkong and
Shanghai Banking Corporation and the
Chartered Bank of India , Australia , and
China , were the only banking institu
tions doing business in the Philippines.
The first two were under the influence
and control of the Catholic Church and
they could not, as a consequence , be con
sidered representative Filipino institu
tions. A few branch offices of other for
eign banks were later established in Ma
nila, notable among them being the In
ternational Banking Corporation , which
was later absorbed by The National City
Bank of New York .
In the absence of private initiative, the
Government saw fit to establish in 1908
a bank which would minister to the needs
of the major economic activity of the
vountry - agriculture. The Agricultural
Bank of the Philippine Islands attempted
to assist the farmers to the utmost, but
its lending operations were greatly hand
ieapped by the lack of titles to the major
portion of the agricultural lands which
otherwise would have been eligible for
mortgage loans.
Eight years later, in 1916, the Agricul
tural Bank was absorbed by the Philip
pine National Bank in answer to the per
sistent clamor of Filipino businessmen
and farmers whose expanding activities
prompted them to petition the Govern
ment forthe establishment of a bank
which would extend to them the facilities
they needed. While originally the
ippine National Bank had a number of
private stockholders, yet to all intents and
purposes it was essentially a state bank
for its officials were chosen and its poli
cies determined by the Government.
Then followed the establishment of other
domestic banks : the Philippine Trust
Company, largely capitalized by the Ro
man Catholic Archibishopric of Manila ;
the China Banking Corporation , organized
almost entirely with Chinese capital; SO
aiso was the Mercantile Bank of China
( failed in 1931 and subsequently liquidat
ed ) ; andthe Peoples Bank and Trust
Company, the major stockholders of which
are Americans .
As a matter of policy, the Government
established the Agricultural and Indus
ful realization by the Filipinos that, as in
A. CALALANG stated by
e.uped
trial Bank which started its operations on which
August 19, 1939 to take over from the the peso
Philippine National Bank the financing
purcha
oi agriculture and industry. Tur thi
The first real private Filipino bank was te F
the Philippine Bank of Commerce , estab
lished in 1938 . 3 SL
ents,
Accepted Truths Scies
It must be admitted as a fact that no
country in modern contemporary history
has attained full or even a high degree roderi
of economic growth without banks. En
gland and the United States, the two
countries succeeding one another in the
enjoyment of economic power, attained
that power largely through their highly
developed banks and banking institutions.
Control of banking services and facilities
has qualified them for leading the ways
of peace and the ways of war .
The harnessing and the utilization of
the vast resources of the great North Am
erican Republic during the past one hun
dred years would not have been possible,
had it not been for the existence of ade
quate banking facilities in the country .
So thoroughly imbued is the American
mind with the indispensability of the
bank to community life, that it is com
monly accepted that the average Amer
ican city is supported by four important
pillars : ( 1 ) the church ; ( 2 ) the city hall;
( 3 ) the school house ; and ( 4 ) the bank .
In the 1920's there were about 30,000 banks
in the United States, but mergers ana
consolidations have reduced that number
to about 15,000 as of December 30 , 1950,
so that with total resources of $ 172,000
million in round figures, and a population
of over 150 million, the per capita ratio
to bank resources was about $1,100 . Com
pared to the 15 commercial banks and
Phil
savings and mortgage banks in the Phil
ippines as of the same date with total re
sources of P1.100 million and a popula
tion of 20 million , it will readily be seen
that a strangely and unsatisfactory low
ratio of P56 per capita existed . These
comparative figures are a severe indict
ment of the apparent lack of interest or
indifference on the part of private in
vestors and of the sad neglect by the Gov
ernment to offer the necessary induce
ments to investments in the banking
field .
Liberation Aftermath
Liberation from the enemy in 1945
found the Philippines economically and
financially prostrate, and the several
months that followed were a period of se
vere trial for a great many of our people
1951 - 1952
who expected so much but received so lit
tle . The war - time and pre - liberation
promise transmitted through the for
bidden radio and made through our late
great leader and spokesman , President
Manuel L. Quezon , allegedly by policy
makers in Washington , D. C. , that full
restitution would be made for all losses
suffered by the Filipinos during and as
a consequence of the Pacific War, was ne
ver redeemed . President Quezon was quo
ted as having said then that losses up to
the last centavo would be made good . It
soon dawned, however, upon the Filipinos
that many of the pre -liberation promises
were not to be redeemed . Following a
survey of a U.S. congresssional group
headed by Senator Millard Tydings, the
congress of the United States passed an
act authorizing an outright gift to cover
war damage in the amount of $600 mil
lion , an amount which certainly proved
to be very inadequate to compensate the
Filipinos for the loss they suffered from
the war . The situation was further ag
gravated by the inevitable inflation which
developed as a consequence of the war
and which reduced the purchasing power
of the peso to a mere fraction of its pre
war purchasing power .
From this economic and financial mo
rass , the Filipinos had to extricate them
scives with funds proceering from "ՆՈՍ
sale of surplus property, war damage
payments, loans obtained from the Unit
ed States Government, and by increasing
A modern bank building, the new homeof the Philippine Trust Co. on Plaza Goiti ,
embodying the latest banking facilities.
1
2935
i States of America — to which all liberty
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
the tax burden several times . With the
exception of the Philippine National Bank
and the Rehabilitation Finance Corpora
ticn, both government institutions, what
private Filipino banks today have geared
their lending policies to fit the indus
trialization program of the country ?
It is, of course , true that today there
are in this country more banks than ever
before, but they are to be found only in
big cities, in important provincial capit
als , and in certain seaports and trade
centers. In the hinterlands of Nueva Viz
caya , Isabela, Leyte, Samar , Mindoro ,
and even Mindanao , one will
find any. Outside principal port
the
centers, banking is almost wholly served
by the branches and agencies of the Phii
ippine National Bank whose governing
board is in Manila and whose members
are virtually appointees of the political
party in power in the Government. Since
decisions in the case of the Philippine
National Bank have to come from the
head office, far away from the small ru
ral districts , the operations of such bran
ches and agencies are lacking in speed
and adaptability that are conducive to a
healthy growth of rural banking .
With the exception of the Philippine
National Bank , postwar banking is hand
led mostly by branches of foreign banks
or by domestically incorporated banks
owned by aliens. This is well illustrated
in the total loans, discounts and over
drafts given in 1950 of which about 35
35
percent were extended by the four brai
ches of foreign banks. It is on account of
the preeminence of foreign banks in the
country that our banks are primarily
concerned with the financing of foreign
trade and with foreign exchange trans
actions. They have avoided the field of
agricultural short- term financing and in
dustrial long - term loans .
The Premise and Our Proposition
The financing of an economic develop
ment program will lag, as long as the
Filipinos do not have the control over the
not financial resources in this country that
will enable them to channel fully such
resources into effective and desirable in
vestments . Retarded economic develon
ment was an inevitable consequence of
the dominant role of foreign capital in
the banking sectors of the economy. In
digenous banking has been encouraged
by the organization of the Central Bank
of the Philippines but there are still evid
ent traces of discriminating practices in
the past which gave undue advantage to
foreign banks, made possible the surrep
titious flight of capital, and permit them
to continue to accept deposits.
Under the law, a domestic bank musi
meet certain requirements as to capital ,
whereas a branch of a foreign bank can
operate on a mere guarantee of its head
office .
In England , the United States, and pre
war Japan , foreign banks cannot and
could not accept deposits. It is so evid
ent as to obviate the necessity of any
eiaborate comment that for a country to
obtain the full measure of the value of
banking service , deposits should be al
lowed to be made only in banks organizea
under its laws.
Nationalization had been the by -word
during the decade immediately preceding
the last war , and it has cast a sort of ma
gic spell over the imagination of the ma
jority of Filipinos who have satisfied
themselves more with the shadow than
with the substance of this fundamental
question .
We can control the retail trade and the
importing business and we can produce
quality goods to induce consumption only
if we control the banking business. We
shall remain in a perennial state of eco
nomic vassalage unless we blaze a new
trail leading to economic security and
maturity . It is in this state of vassalage
that the early American settler wanted
to pin us, so that the Philippines would
always be a special preserve for him . In
truth , if thereis any economic activity
which should beFilipinized , it is the
banking business.
Nationalistic strains are found in our
Constitution . The very Preamble has im
parted the breath of life to our national
existence when it speaks of the preserv
ation of the patrimony of the State. That
patrimony cannot be preserved and much
less strengthened through the surrender
of an economic right which must be ex
ercised in order to give flesh and blood to
that lofty constitutional mandate. Even
political sovereignty would be meaning
less, if it did not possess the wherewithal
which would sustain it.
Present trends unmistakably point to
the fact that every country must rely upon
itself primarily, for it cannot lean too
much on the one country — the United
loving peoples call for assistance. Being
in this predicament, it is our duty that
we ourselves find an efficacious cure for
our economic ills .
( Continued on page 94 )

36
A. DE LAS ALAS
THE Philippines was projected in the
horizon of the Pacific in the war
vears as a country brutally invaded, wani-
only destroyed, and our population mer-
cilessly and cruelly made to suffer all
sorts of iniquities and depravations. Our
country and our people carried the brunt
of resistance . We went in glorious defeat
with the United States when our com
bined forces under the peerless strategy
of General of the Army Douglas MacAr-
thur could not resist the onslaught of the
then numerically superior forces of the en
emy. Our fighters carved in history a
niche of heroism with their valiant resis
tance in Bataan and Corregidor, which,
a delaying battle, changed the time-table
of the war and enabled the Allied forces
to begin the " I shall return ” campaign
that culminated in our liberation. Liber-
ated , the Philippines again moved for-
ward but bleeding and prostrate . When
the great America redeemed her pledge
and set us free on July 4, 1946, the Repub-
9
lic of the Philippines became the patterr.
for other still subjugated peoples to gain
their freedom .
The road we had to traverse was long .
trying and uncertain and the task that
lied ahead was gigantic. We emerged from
the last war in ruins. The destruction and
havoc it caused to our country, the great-
est in this theater, obliterated our prog-
ress . Our sources of production were des-
troyed to extinction . For most, starting
from scratch was not a mere expression .
For some, trying to rebuild with what lit- ,
tle was saved from the ruins , was more
difficult and expensive than building
anew .
Yet, an impartial appraisal of how we
fared since liberation and from the ram-
parts of what was left presents a pano-
rama of substantial accomplishments in
the economic field, surpassing all expec-
tations. The birth of a new nation in nor-
mal times is beset with difficulties . The
birth or rebirth of our Republic came at
a time when the world was in turmoil - it
still is — when the moral fiber was loosen-
ing, when our needs required plenty
amidst general scarcity .
Seven years after liberation and six
from July 4, 1946, we travelled a long and
weary road. We had to contend with loose
morals, with might at times overpower-
ing right, with nothing or little to build
with , with the nerve - rending proselytism
of an opposing political ideology set on
destroying the faith of the people in the
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Philippine Commerce
By A. DE LAS ALAS
President, Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines
government and provoking a suicidal di
vision, with scarcity in the means to fight
want, misery and starvation . All of them
were arresting our march to progress , to
reconstruction, to rehabilitation. But our
government, traversing this thorny path
was patiently carving the destiny of this
new nation . Our post- war problems are
the same and their solution the same ,
whoever may be at the helm of the ship
of state . Personalities is a mere accident .
President Quezon , Presicent Osmeña ,
President Roxas, President Quirino or any
other exalted to head our nation would
have met the same problems.
It is , however, to the credit of the in
cumbent head of our nation , President
Quirino, that under the battlecry of his
administration_total economic mobiliza
tion --we are acquitting in our reconstruc
tion and economic rehabilitation in a exemption cover a wide variety, includ
fashion which silence our most rabid cri
tics , who, vociferous on our shortcomings
before are now toning down their criti
cism , and instead of unkind remarks,
they are regaling us with commendatory
statements, as have been published re
cently in local publications.
In the post-war reconstruction era , in
dependence awakened in us Filipinos the
responsibility of giving closer attention
and preference to business , with a view to
increasing our participation in invest
ments, either to replace what was lost in
war or by starting new business ventures .
With this surging interest of Filipinos in
business, we have added new names to
our roster of Filipino businessmen and
we can now point with pride to many new
names of successful businessrnen , in lieu
of only a few in the pre -war years. The
broadening of the basis of investments
in our country, with more people sharing
in the development of our rich natural
resources and industries, is evident in this
era. Filipinos are not found wanting. Both
in volume of new investments and in
number of new investors, Filipinos are
leading Considering our scanty finan
cial means compared to abundance of cap
ital available to foreign investors , this good
showing reveals that we have succeeded
in beating down our inertia and indiffer
ence of the old days.
From 1945 to 1951 , in the total paid - in
capital of newly registered corporations ,
partnerships and cooperatives amounting
to P301,578,000 , Filipinos invested P171,
432,000 while Americans put in P22,850,
000, the Chinese P93,837,000 and other na
BELLE
1951 - 1952 5
tionalities P13,459,000. Of the total num
ber of 7,657 new business units for the
same period 1945 to 1951 , new Filipino
business units reached 5,562, against 2,
095 new foreign units, with 1,401 Chinese ,
413 Americans and 281 of other nation
alities .
To stimulate new and necessary indus
tries, our government, unable to give sub
sidies for lack of means, established by
law_Republic Act No. 35 — tax exemption
for four years to such new and necessary
industries as may qualify under rules pro
mulgated . As of March 26 , 1952 , 132 new
industrial units were granted tax exempt
ion . Of these, 79 were Filipinos, 6 Amer
icans, 36 Chinese, 3 Fil - American , 1 Fil
ipino - American -Chinese, 2 Filipino- Span
ish , and 5 other nationalities.
The Filipino industrial units granted tax
ing large industrial plants and household
industries. Aluminum basin , cooking pot,
stove bases and wares ; bags and sacks of
jute ; tin crown bottle caps ; cardboard and
chipboard ; catsup ; chalk ; agricultural
implements; calcium carbonate, liquid &
solid carbon dioxide hydrogen gas ; cotton
knitted fabrics , cotton and rayon socks :
radio receivers and amplifiers ; steel bars,
rod wire, coils , nails and barb wires ; fish
ing nets; lead pencils ; pulp ; paper ; pho
nograph records, pianos and organs, plas
tic products , plywoods aná veneer ; poul
try, medicines, cleanser powder, season
ing powder, processing of ramie ; tanning
leather ; auto and truck tires ; wallboards:
window jalousies; copper and iron wires
and zipper and slide fasteners, are new
industries started by Filipinos granted
tax exemption. Impressive as the list is, it
represents only little over 40 % of the tota !
of tax exemptions granted.
Here is a new trend in this new era, the
conscious awakening of Filipinos at eco
nomic emancipation , our arresting realiza
tion that unless we forge ahead in busi
ness , unless we extricate ourselves from
the position of minority in business , we
cannot establish a solid foundation for
our national economy.
This rather unprecedented industrial
awakening posed a problem that cries for
prompt solution , the need to judiciously
channel industrial investments . As it is, in
quite some cases, the law of supply and
demand has been entirely disregarded .
Partly because of lack of pioneering spirit
and partly for lack of proper research and
grasp of statistical knowledge, new capital
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 37

ment, the National Economic Council, the

Office of Economic Coordination and the
Philippine Council for United States Aid,

Merchandise from foreign lands being landed in Manila port.
was invested in the same line or lines
beyond the point of saturation. Other in
dustrial ventures were made in lines which
necessitate imported raw materials . Both
are problematical investments ; both are
unstable. When there is more supply than
demand, when the output of local factories
is above the needs of the market, compe
tition will force the less efficient units out
of business and only the fittest will sur
vive . Investments in new industries should
IU
be directed to lines which will not have
to depend on imported raw materials and
this is not a dream , considering our rich
natural resources. Then, there is need of
affording local products protection from
competition of imported products.
In a recent public address, I have re
ferred to this misdirection or lack of di .
rection as the missing link in our econo
mic development. While we have several
entities concerned with economic develop
none of them handles the specialized as
signment I have in mind. At the present
time, there is no government agency or of -
ficial that can directly assist in the or
ganization , supervision , coordination or
protection of private activities relating to
the economic development of the Philip
pines.
How to bridge this gap in our economic
planning ? There appears to be a vast dif
ference of opinion . One former high offi
cial suggested the creation of a supervisory
board that will not only investigate and
determine the genuiness of the factories
now in operation, but will also act as an
adviser to prospective investors who want
to put their money into new productive
enterprises. One prominent industrialist
proposed that there be created a central
economic planning board , the purpose of
which would be to start the program of in
dustrial development in the Philippines on
a planned basis. This board, among other
things, will decide such important proh
lems as to what is the economical number
of factories which a particular category
of industry can support in the light of lo
cal demand, and as to what and how much
of competing foreign products may be im
ported into the Philippines. Another sug
gestion made is that the present office of
Economic Coordination should undertake
to perform this job.
The present government agencies and
officials are already overburdened with
work and they cannot carry anymore ad
( Continued on page 82)

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 38.
HANS MENZI
What isthe economic soil withou t which
cannot live ?
the tree of political liberty
History furnishes a definite answer .
Wherever in history a free government
has emerged, the economic life of a peo
pie politically free, has been invariably
organized in a system essentially capitalis
tic in nature. On the other hand , wher
ever in history despotism has existed , the
economic life of the people has been in
variably organized in a system which is
not capitalistic . This constant association
of democracy and capitalism could not
have been accidental . It indicates clearly
that it is in a capitalistic economic sys
tem that political freedom can exist.
Democracy and capitalism have exist.
ed for thousands of years. The average
man generally believes that democracy
and capitalism are developments of ths
last two centuries .
The Greeks coined the word Democracy .
Their word “ Domakratia " is from “ demos"
the people and “ kratein " to rule . Literally
translated, it means the rule of the people .
Democracy is in substance the rule of the
'many ” as contrasted with absolute mo
narchy the rule of " one, " and with oli
garchy, 'the rule of the “ few .” Democracy
is the legal power of a majority of a subs
tantial number of inhabitants of a coun
try to choose the government which gov
erns them .
Democratic government brings to mind
a popular legislature through which the
will of the many is expressed . In modern
democracies the legislature is composed
of the representatives of the “many." In
ancient and medieval democracies, repres
entative governments did not exist. The
fact that the democracies of Athens .
Rome, and Venice did not operate on the
principle of representative governmen :
does not justify any inference that modern
democracies are more capable of protect
ing themselves from destruction . On the
contrary , direct democracy was probably
better constructed to protest itself than
indirect or representative democracy .
In a representative government, the le
gislative has frequently betrayed the will
of the people. In direct democracy, there
was no chance for this to happen and it
was more difficult to influence the legis
lature because of its size . Direct democ
racy furthermore made the average man
more familiar with the problems of the
government and more capable of handling
them . One must consider however that in
the democracies of ancient and medieval
times the “many" were in all cases a very
small number of people when contrasted
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Capital Structure
By HANS MENZI
President , Menzi & Co.
with the great democracies of today .
The right of suffrage in ancient democ
racies was more limited than our own .
These states were tiny affairs in comparis
on to the voting electorate of today's de
mocracies . However those early govern
ments were nonetheless democracies in
that the “many” included generally a
substantial percentage of the total popu
lation .
governments of the past
Whether the
are to be classified as democracies or not ,
they did embody a substantial degree of
political liberty when contrasted with an
absolute monarchy or an oligarchy . The
important point is that the political liber
ty which did exist in them was destroyed
by economic conditions and that the des .
truction of this political liberty could no ?
have been averted even if the many " had
been as large as those of modern democ
racies . The same economic forces which
destroyed Athenian and Roman democ
racy in the ancient world were not stop
ped in modern Germany because the elec
torate was so much larger .
To realize that capitalism is ancient in
the history of the world, one must know
that it can exist without automobiles ra
dios, or billion dollar corporations . Ancient
capitalism did not have the high -power
ed and intricate machinery of modern
capitalism ; however as a system of prod
ucing and distributing wealth , it should
not be confused with tools of production
nor with variety of production. Modern
capitalism has better tools and a greater
variety of output, but the system by which
the production and distribution of wealth
are organized and effected in modern cap
italism is the same as it was thousands of
years ago .
Since the dawn of civilization , there
have been fundamentally, only two kinds
of economic systems. One is capitalism :
the other is an authoritarian system .
The purpose of an economic system 15
to produce and distribute wealth . Before
this can be done, certain important ques
'tions have to be resolved . What kinds of
wealth will be produced and in what am
ounts ? Who will produce each kind ? How :
will labor be allocated ? Who will get the
How will it be
wealth that is produced ?
divided ? Will the mass of the people who
produce the wealth be assured of a fair
share ?
In capitalism , these questions are re
solved through the free initiative of in
dividual businessmen whose activities are
guided and controlled by prices . Prices
are determined by competition in mar
1951 - 1952
kets . Thus , the vital questions of wha!
kind of wealth will be produced, who will
produce it, and the division of total prod .
uction are solved by the operation of na
tural law — the law of supply and demand
Competition determine what kind of
wealth will be created and in what am
ounts. Competition that is free and fair
effects an automatic and just distribution
of total production . Those who furnish
capital are paid interest ; labor is paid
rent ; and businessmen , who assume the
risks of production are paid profits. In
terest, wages, rent , and profits are all de
termined by competition and in a soundly
functioning capitalistic system the mass
of the people who produce the wealth re
ceive a fair share .
There is also a large degree of economic
freedom for the individual as constructed
with the complete lack of such freedom in
an authoritarian economic order . The
businessman is relatively free to choose
what he will produce ; the worker is rela
tively free to choose his job ; the consum
er is relatively free to choose what he will
buy .
Capitalistic systems usually go through
two stages of developments. In the first
stage-agrarian capitalism , the second-
financial and industrial capitalism . In thu
iatter self-sufficiency is supplanted by in
creasing inter -dependence. The farmer no
longer makes his clothes on the farm or
builds his house with his own labor. He
sells his crops for cash and with the pro
ceeds, buys products manufactured by in
dustrial workers.
An authoritarian economic system , is
the reverse of a captalistic one. It has
three well - defined characteristics :
1. Absence of competition in business.
Various businesses are operated as mono
polies either privately owned or by the
government itself.
2. Government exercises an arbitrary
and complete control over the economic
system . All economic activity is the crea
ture of government and government wields
a life or death power over all business
either through control of prices, credit,
wages or by directly owning or operating
all business.
3. Government completely controls eco
nomic life of the individual who is help
lessly dependent on government for the
opportunity to make a living and enjoys
no economic freedom .
Authoritarian systems are divided into
two types, depending on the purpose of
the control which the government exer
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 30

ly owned and operated, and whereas in

A horizon of business, in the foreground the mill compound of a sugar central in
Negros, where live in harmony capital and labor.
cises over the economic system . many it was known as the totalitarian
When the purpose is to exploit the eco state ; and in Italy, it was designated the
nomic system for the enrichment of a few', corporate state . Though there are dif
ferences between the authoritarian econo
we have the monarchial type which is
found in absolute or despotic monarchies. mies of the three basically they are the
Where the purpose is “ alleged " to be the same. In Russia, all the physical means
development of maximum economic op of production are owned and operated by
the government . In Germany and Italy ,
portunity for the masses, we have the ra
dical type which emerged in the modern both the totalitarian and corporate state
worid in Russia Germany , and Italy . In had many features of capitalism . Land
Russia , it is called communism ; in Ger and natural resources were largely private
communism goods were produced and dis
tributed without the use of money , the
authoritarian governments of Germany
and Ital had money economies , but in
y
all of them , competition was expected
from business and the distribution of the
wealth that was produced, was on a basis
which professed to aim at approximate
equality .
An individual amount be free to vote
unless the individual enjoys economic
freedom and which can be translated in
to subsistence . When the economic life of
an individual can be controlled by gov
ernment, political freedom cannot exist
although the individual may retain an
empty right to participate in government.
The basis of political liberty is the exist
ence of opportunity for the individual vot
er to make a living without government's
having the power to retaliate upon the
voter by interfering with or destroying
that opportunity. Only in a capitalistic
system can political opposition be subs
tantially protected from economic retalia
tion by governmen.t In a capitalistic sys
tem, government cannot control business.
The regulations of government are intend
ed to promote the production of wealth
by making the competitive motor of the
economic system operate efficiently. As
long as competition is relied upon to or
ganize the production and distribution of
wealth government cannot control the
economic life of the individual . Business
men are free to engage in production
Production takes place automatically and
government cannot stop the creation of
jobs which make it possible for the indi
vidual to make a living without the gov
( Continued on page 82 )

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10
D. BUENCAMINO
IT is generally assumed that certified
public accountants in long practice
are in a position to act also as financial
consultants. By virtue of their experience
with the businesses of their varied clients,
they are in a position to form well-con
sidered opinions on the investment me
rits of certain securities or on the status
of firms from a credit standpoint . While
certified public accountants do not style
themselves or pose as Investment counsel
lors , they can contribute much to the
creation of sound investment and credit
atmosphere ; particularly with regard to
the investment and credit problems of
commercial banks, insurance companies
and other institutions seeking investment
channels for their funds. It is important
to note that these institutional investors
are not using exclusively the funds of their
stockholders . As a matter of fact , they are
using a considerable amount of money
entrusted to them by the public , mostly
partaking the nature of a trusteeship .
We are all aware of the fact that
commercial and savings banks are operat
ing largely with the use of the money of
depositors who must be assured at all
times of the repayment of their money
when they call for it . The funds of a life
Insurance company consist mainly of
premiums received from policy-holders.
These funds must be invested in such 2
manner as to enable the company to meet
readily the claims of policyholders. Othe:
institutions handling trust funds are
seeking investment channels . It is , there
fore , of paramount importance that these
Institutional investors , because of the na
ture of the funds they are handling , have
all the means of safeguarding their in
vestments. The accounting profession can
render these institutions a distinct serv
Ice through careful observance of the
ethics of the profession in the preparation
and presentation of balance sheets and
operating statements .
I would like, therefore, to discuss the
Importance of balance sheets and income
statements as aids in investment analy
sis . The term investment is used in this
paper to mean the employment of funds
for the purpose of earning a return . It .
therefore , includes the purchase of secur
ities for the investment portfolio and the
extension of credit .
Needless to say , investment is not an
exact science . As in medicine , individual
skill and chance are elements to be reckon
ed with in determining success or failure .
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Taking Stock of
INVESTMENTS
By DELFIN BUENCAMINO
Financial Consultant
Balance sheets and income statements,
as tools of investment and credit analysis ,
have their limitation . Nevertheless, they
not only are useful but are indispensable.
If properly drawn up and presented , they
would reveal important factual bases
which would enable the analyst to draw
conclusions with the use of sound logic
and the application of accepted investment
and credit principles .
In the case of a private money-lender ,
the main purpose is income. If he has
loanable funds available , he would not
probably inquire of the borrower how the
money would be used, as long as the se
curity offered for the loan is sufficient .
Suppose you are acting as president of the
bank or any other financial institution,
would you give the loan under the same
premise ? The answer is "No." You would
require a statement of purpose ; you would
require presentation of a balance sheet.
Normally, the loan would be granted if the
balance sheet and operating statement
justify the loan from a credit standpoint .
However, even if the loan is well-secured
and yields a good interest income, it may
be denied if the proceeds of the loan
would be used for purposes which are not
in consonance with the monetary and
credit policy of the Central Bank.
In the case of a character loan or the
commonly-known “ clean loan , ” the banks
are required by the Central Bank to ask
its customers to submit financial state
ments duly certified by a C.P.A. , depend
ing on the amount of loan requested. Si
milarly, in granting long-term loans, an
investment bank requires the submission
of balance sheets and profit and loss state
ments, for a period of years , to be used as
a basis for study of the financial status
of the borrowing company, proof of the
efficiency of its operations, character of
the management and of the future busi
ness prospects of the borrowing party.
These facts could be accurately determin
ed if the balance sheets and operating
statements are accurately prepared and
properly presented by the accountants of
the company so that ratios of the balance
sheet items can be analyzed . Among these
ratios , the current ratio, the ratio of to
tal liabilities to net worth , and the ratio
of earnings to capital employed are signi
ficant. The ratio of current assets to to
tal liabilities will show the immediate po
sition of the concern in case of forced ii
quidation ; the ratio of total debt to net
worth shows the extent in which the busi
1
1951 - 1952
ness is operating on borrowed capital as
compared with invested capital. The ratio
of earnings on capital employed will
measure the efficiency of the use of cap .
ital.
Inquiry as to the financial status of
the borrowing or issuing company is nec
essary to determine the investment merits
of the securities issued by them . Investors
are more particularly interested in those
factors bearing on the financial stability
of the issuing corporation , its position in
the industry, its prospects for growth , the
particular risks inherent in the industry,
the previous record of the management in
control and the financial record and pre
sent condition of the company. To a con
siderable extent, the results of manage
ment are reflected in the financial re
ports. It is possible for poor manage
ment to be concealed for years , so far as
the current reports of the company are
concerned . Current earnings may be shown
in excess of their actual amount through
deliberate improper valuation of assets by
not providing for depreciation , decline in
inventory value and for doubtful accounts,
The relationship existing between In
vestment and accounting can be further
noted in the requirements of the Secur
ities and Exchange Commission. To protect
investors , the Securities and Exchange
Commission here and abroad prescribed
certain accounting requirements which
concern not only the forms but also the
methods to be followed by the registrant
In appraising the evaluating corporate as
sets and liabilities , all of which afford
protection to investors and minimize the
possibility of the exploitation of the pub
lic by unscrupulous promoters who are
wont to sell unsound , fraudulent and
worthless securities through misrepresen
tation ,
Individual , as well as institutional in
vestors in securities actively sold in the
securities market, could determine the
soundness of their investment on the ba
sis of correct accounting facts regarding
the company concerned, Dr. B. Bernard
Greidinger in his book of accounting re
quirements of the Securities and Ex
change Commission said that accounting
is the language in which the corporation
talks to its existing stockholders and to
prospective investors . This language must
then be clear, simple , complete and un
( Continued on page 83 )
 1951 - 1952

THE PHILIPPINE
declared that our country can adequately
feed a population four to five times our
present number. Finally , the Philippines
which is predominantly Catholic frowns
upon any form of birth control.
Almost 18 million of our country's in
habitants are Christian, of which about
! 6 million are Catholics . Since the Christ
ians constitute over 93 per cent of our po
pulation , it is rightfully said that we are
the vanguard of Christianity in the East,
and as such , we have the sympathy of the
Christian world with us .
We have reduced our illiteracy to 37.8
per cent . While this figure is still high
compared to Japan's it is still way below
the illiteracy marks of other Asian coun
tries as reported in their latest census
tabulation . With 4.4 million
forming 22.8 per cent of the population
attending school in the Philippines, we
+1
YEARBOOK
can expect a further decrease in our ilii
teracy rate. This is also borne out by the
fact that 8.9 million out of 16.2 million
persons 5 years old or over are reported
as having gone to school. The figure does
not include persons whose educational
attainment was not reported .
Our country is practically untapped.
Of a land area totalling 29,740,972 hec
tares, only 3,953,811 hectares are actually
under cultivation . It is estimated that
the potential & ea still available for agri
cultural , industrial, and other purposes,
after the timber is 'cut is 18,162,668 hec
tares .
The index of overall production for the
crop year ending June 30, 1950 is 115.6,
computed from a base of 100 of the nor
persons mal year 1937. This means that in five
short years we were able to rehabilitate
(Cont nued on page 82 )

66
ALFREDO EUGENIO AA PLACE
The Philippines, in the
Statistically SUN "
By ALFREDO EUGENIO A
Acting Director, Bureau of Census
A T O N DEN
and Statistics L

12
The growing importance of the Pacific
area, not only for its strategic military
value but also because of its wealth in
manpower and natural resources , has
long been realized by the world powers.
This fact has been stressed of late by the
series of bilateral agreements entered in
to by the United States and some South
east Asian nations . The Philippines , be
MANILA
I

ing in the Pacific basin , as signatory to

U
U

one such pact , has assumed a definite

H

role in the shaping of history in this

sphere of the world . 80 PROOF 750 C.C.
To have a better appreciation of our
role, a study of our resources , and how
such resources can be husbanded for the
Sistalletvender rigidlaboratorycontent
from the firrest
common benefit of the Pacific countries
sturits of'cane sugar
is necessary. Fortunately , the Philippines
has taken an inventory distilled and bomled by
of her natural
resources recently. The results of that P La Tondeña, Inc.
AHINN

census are
now being translated by the Manila - 4-1-3- Thilippines
# bureau of the census and statistics into
a statistical portrait of the present - day Product of tho
Philippines. PHILIPPIN SIPPI
On Census Day, October 1 , 1948, the po CLEI S I
pulation of the Philippines was 19,234,182 ,
an increase of 20.2 per cent from the cen H / F
sus year of 1939 , or a rough annual increase
of 2.07 per cent. Compared to the rough
annual mean during the other census in
tervals ( 2.22 per cent in 1903-191 € ; 2.76 per
cent in 1918-1939 , it would appear that our
country's population growth is tapering
off. But this is not the case . First of all ,
the Philippines during the Pacific war
sacrificed lives by the hundreds of thou
sands. With the increasing birth rate
coupled with a downward trend in our
mortality rate brought about by better DISTILLED BY :
living conditions, the upward growth of
our population is expected . An ever in
creasing population should not alarm us LA TONDEÑA , INC.
in that it might adversely affect our 618.652 ECHAGUE MANIWA TEL 3-26-10
standard of living, because experts have

42
‫ مرمر مر مصر‬2‫رم‬4‫تمرم‬1
Receiving fertilizers that will increase the yield of the land, Vice-President Fernando Lopez, who administers Philippine agri
culture, is seen in above picture taking inventory . These fertilize rs sent later to the field develop abundant economy.
Developing Agriculture
ECONOMIC security, how to attain it, is
the big job in our hands. Whether it
is possible of realization is not the ques
tion , but how and when . For we have the
means, the resources to achieve it . Indeed ,
we have extensive tracts of fertile fields,
rich mineral lands, forests with tremen
dous timber supply, lusty grazing lands,
rivers, lakes and seas that abound
thousands of commercial species, together
with an equable climate . Our forests alone
can yield 64 billion pesos worth of com
inercial timber. Our rice farms, according
to one authority, can raise enough palay
to feed about 40 million people. All we
need is to tap these resources to place our
economy on a stable basis .
Specifically , agriculture as the basic
structure of our economy urgently needs
full development and wise utilization .
Realizing this need the department of
agriculture and natural resources has, dur-
ing the last fifty years, taken various
measures to introduce modern methods and
technique of production, such as the use
of fertilizers and irrigation , improved seed
varieties and the propagation of better
breeds of animals as well as effective con-
trol measures for pests and diseases, but
due to lack of appropriations and facilities
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
3 7‫م‬
2
‫مر‬ ‫رور‬
‫مر‬
‫بر سر‬
‫م‬
‫اک‬
‫زه‬
By FERNANDO LOPEZ
Vice President and Concurrently Secretary of
Agriculture and Natural Resources
all these methods could not be popularized
as the department would have liked to do .
Fortunately for us, the United States
has come to our aid through the ECA, now
the Mutual Security Agency (MSA ). This
agency is operating in collaboration with
the PHILCUSA , the former taking charge
in
of the dollar aid given in the form of
equipment, materials and supplies with
technical assistance and the latter the pe
so counterpart from which salaries of per
sonnel to man the joint projects are paid .
Together the two agencies are implement
ing the Bell economic mission recommen
dations such as extending more assistance
to farmers, raising production efficiency
in agriculture by the adoption of improved
methods and by additional use of fertili-
zer, the solution of long standing land
problems and allied activities.
Following the MSA -PHILCUSA agricul- tion of Biologics ; (4 ) Agricultural Exten
tural development program, the depart- sion Service; ( 5 ) Coconut Research and
ment of agriculture and natural resources
submitted to these agencies 19 projects,
namely, ( 1 ) Production of Seed and Plant
Materials; (2 ) Rice and Corn Seed Im-
provement and Multiplication ; ( 3 ) Irriga-
tion Pumps; ( 4 ) Fertilizer; ( 5 ) Coconut
Development, Pests and Diseases; ( 6 ) Aba -
ca Development, Pests and Diseases; ( 7 )
-
1951 - 1952
13
Cereal Pests, Locust and Rodent Control.
( 8 ) Animal Production , Additional Breed
ing Stock , Cattle, Pigs and Poultry, Meat
Processing, Control of Animal Diseases,
Production of Biologics; ( 9 ) Agricultural
Extension Service ; ( 10 ) Agricultural Re
search, Research on Coconut, Abaca, Rice
Corn, Tobacco, Ramie, Jute ; ( 11 ) Soil Sur
vey and Conservation ; ( 12 ) Forestry, For
est Products, Laboratory and Reforesta
tion ; ( 13 ) Agricultural Machinery and
Equipment; ( 14 ) Plant Utilization ; ( 15
Agricultural Economics ; ( 16 ) Land Ten
ure ; ( 17 ) Fisheries; ( 18 ) Mining; and ( 19 )
Agricultural Information Service.
Nine of these projects have already been
approved and are now in the process of
implementation . These are : ( 1 ) Irrigation
Pumps, ( 2 ) Fertilizer ; ( 3 ) Animal Produc
tion , Animal Disease Control and Produc
Development; ( 6 ) Soil Survey and Conser
vation ; ( 7 ) Forest Products Laboratory,
( 8 ) Public Agricultural Land Subdivision:
and ( 9 ) Strategic Mineral Survey and Coal
Survey.
How these projects stimulate agricultur
al activities to full productivity and event
(Continued on page 93)
 1
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
43

$ CAN HE FOLLOW Marsman

YOU'R FOOTSTEPS & CO . , INC .
Importers

Quality
products
Ihr Admiralty Permawood and Permacloth
ILCO and / or LOCKWOOD Locksets and
Finishing Hardwares
BUILDING
Insul - Mastic Karkote Underbody Coating
Graco Parts and Equipments
Master Builders ' Pozzolith , Metalicron
MATERIALS
and Embeco
Pacific Paints, Varnishes and Oils
Pennzoil Lubricating Oils and Greases
HARDWARE
Truscon Steel Windows & Doors
-Structurai Steel
Universal Window Fixtures
PAINTS &
Allen, W. H., Diesel Engines
American Forge Steel Grinding Balls
Atlas Explosives
Burdox Welding & Cutting Tools
C. H. & E. Woodworking Machinery & Tools
Denver Fire Clay, Assay Office
Laboratory Equipment
Dixon Hose Fittings
Duff Norton Industrial Jacks
Davenport Diesel & Steam Locomotives
Essick Concrete Mixers and Hoists
Exide Batteries
Goodman Electric Locomotives
Mancha Storage Battery Locomotives
MACHINERY
Goulds Pumps, Centrifugal, Household
He ifyou make it
can
Gregs Company, Ltd. Sugar Cane &
Mine Cars
EQUIPMENT
Gurley Engineering, Surveying Instruments
Hallett Diesel Engines
Independent ( THOR ) Mining &
possible. One way is to Contracting Tools
Inman, Redwood Tanks
Johnston Turbine & Propeller Pumps
Kennedy Van Saun, Cement Plants, Crushers
savefor him regularly . Koehring Earth Moving & Road Building
Equipment
Leschen Wire Rope
It is the best and surest way . Master Vibrators, Electric & Engine Driver
Morse Bros. , Gold Mill Machinery
Murex Welding Rods
You get 4% interest every Oliver Tractors, Agricultural Machinery
Streamline Oil Filters
y ear , payable every six Throwaway Bit Corporatoin- Jetachable
" months.
Drill Bits
Waukesha Motor Company-Diesel Engines

Ampro Precision Cine Equipment

Cincinnati Time Recorders
Comptometer Adding - Calculating Machines
Dalmo Inter-office Communication System
BUSINESS
710 Invest Dictaphone Dictation Equipment
Marr " Style " Stencil Duplicators
M - G -M Phonograph Records
Moore Business Fornas
Diebold Safes and Vault Doors
Marsh Stencil Machines
Pitney- Bowes Postage System :
Rex -O - Graph Duplicators
EQUIPMENT
& SUPPLIES

DET
A

&

Pack
•R D** 4 %
in R &D Royal Standard and Portable Typewriters
Valor Steel Filing & Storage Cabinets
Victor Adding Machines

Cilag Limited , Switzerland-Pharmaceuticals

International B. F. Goodrich Company Hospital
Rubber Goods
Mallinckrodt Chemical Works Fine Chemicals
Vicks International, Inc. — Cough Drops, Cough
Syrup, Dhalers, Vatronal & VapoRub
William S. Merrell Company -Pharmaceuticals
DRUGS &
CHEMICALS
Here

BONDS Available from the

Central Bank and Robin
CAMPBELL'S Soups, Tomato Juice, Ketchup
CONCHA , EL RAYO California Sardines
CRESCENT Baking Powder, Coffee, Mapleine
DARIGOLD Milk , Cheese Butter
ESCUELA California Pilchards
FINDLATER'S Special Scoth Whisky
Fisher Flouring Mills Co. , Seattle
HENNINGSEN'S Whole Powdered Eggs
ITALIAN SWISS COLONY Wines
KEYSTONE Canned Mushrooms
KINGAN'S Reliable Meats
National Distillers Products Cory ., New York
MORO Piinientos
Hood Flour Mills Ltd. , Vancouver, B. C.
FOOD
PRODUCTS
ROBIN HOOD Quick Cooking Oats
SACRAMENTO Canned Fruit Cocktail, Peaches
&
SUN - MAID Seedless Raisins
all leading banks STATE FAIR Canned Tomatoes
SWISSROSE Genuine Swiss Gruyere Cheese
BEVERAGES
TIGER Automatic Grocery Bags
Write and ask for free fol
der or R & D Bonds today
for more details.
Marsman & Co. , Inc.
Anda at Sta. Lucia, Intramuros, Manila Tel. 3-20-41
Branches : CEBU *
ILOILO DAVAO *
BACOLOD

i

44
A Mindanao valley waiting for the hands of man , especially from the north , to tillit
inio a fruitful granary .
Mindanao
By FELIX D. MARAMBA
Consulting Agricultural and Industrial Engineer
of MARAMBA , KALAW and HENARES
From the standpoint of land develop-
ment. the most appealing features of
Mindanao are its vast size . its favorable
and uniform climate , extensive virgin
lands, still fertile cultivated areas, sparse
population, tremendous potential water
powers, abundant sources of irrigation wa
ter and its peaceful condition .
The area of Mindanao is over 91/2 mil
lion hectares of about 1/3 of that of the
entire Philippines , ten times the size of
Puerto Rico and three times that of Bel
gium. It has a uniform rainfall distri
bution and is not affected by storms except
at the northeastern tip which gets it once
in a good while. In 1939 its population was
2,225,800 but it can easily accommodat
from 12 to 14 million inhabitants. Cota
bato alone can hold an estimated popu
lation of 3,811,000 inhabitants equivalent
to the combined population of Cebu , Pam
panga, Rizal, Bulacan , Nueva Ecija, Tar
lac, Laguna, Cavite and Bataan . Accord
ing to pre - war values, the entire territory
is capable of attaining an agricultural
production worth P387,847,000, holding real
estate worth P1,419,869,750 and paying taxes
of P13,449,040 . These estimates based as
they are on pre - war prices and cost of
living, fairly give us an idea of the enor-
mous possibilities of this undeveloped re-
servoir of our national wealth .
In 1920, the late Dean Baker who stu
died the possibilities of Mindanao wrote :
“As has been clearly visioned by two very
able men, Governors Carpenter and Guin
{ 'cna , we also believe that Mindanao is a
coming empire , and that the greatest
wealth of the Philippines will be drawn
from that vast country, one of the most
prolific sources of strength to this Govern-
ment and the Filipino people, and one of
the most convincing evidences of real na-
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
tional greatness. I am not overstating the
case in the least since I now have a little
technical knowledge of the subjeci.” Of
Cotabato alor.e, he wrote : “ One of the
seven great Mindanao provinces is larg
er than the whole of Belg: urn; its vast
interior can produce more sugar than
Cuba ; more rice, corn , coconuts, abaca and
food products than all the rest of the
Archipelago is producing today ; as good
tobacco as Isabela can produce ; more cof
fee than is produced in Java ; more cacao
than on the Gold Coast, and enough rub
ber to supply the entire need of the Unit
ed States. "
Why Mindanao Must Be Developed
Many of the serious problems which
our country is facing today will find their
solution in the development of Mindanao.
The social unrest in crowded provinces , our
insufficiency in prime necessities such as
food and clothing , the ever - worsening un
employment problem, the winning over oi
our dissidents into peaceful and productive
living may all find their solution in Min
danao development .
Requirements of Mindanao Development
Successful and adequate development
in the future will require abundant labor ,
power, machinery, capital and technical
men such as engineers, agronomists, ani
mal husbandmen. A thorough knowledge
cf natural conditions all over that Island ,
such as the nature of the soil , variations
in limate , land topography, flows of its
rivers, levels of its underground water anil
The control of malaria and certain intes
tinal parasites will likewise be needed.
The first requirement for development
of Mindanao, however, is population po
pulation sufficient to supply the necessary
19522
1951 - 1952
labor required . But this requirement is not
a difficult one as it is steadily being ful
filled at the present time . The Ilocos Proy.
inces, Central Luzon , Southern Luzon , Pa
nay , Cebu and Bohol are teeming with ex
cess population anxicus to migrate to Min..
danao. In fact , all ships to the South are
now filled to the brim carrying these am · .
bitious people . Thus, if the present rate
of voluntary migration to Mindanao Is
kept, in 10 years more , the Island will be
populated as thickly as an average Luzon
province. There is no need of making anv
more propaganda to induce people to go
to Mindanao, much less to recruit immi .
grants. What is important is to guide
these people to go where there is a more
pressing need for them , not in already
crowded places , but places where they can
get land , land which they can call their
FEL
own . An honest attempt to keep those a :
ready there contented , i. e . granting land
be given or
as promptly as possible is also needed as
not to those
every contented settler would write and
This is not
bring in many more. On the other hanc.
2 because exc
every disappointed settler who goes back.
or writes home can cause many more who chill squatc
have planned to come to desist from com there culti
ing. Luther imprir
There is plenty of land to go around t of Mind
among all ambitious and honest men if we Laborers can
do not allow the speculators and the smart The cper
guys to have a holiday in Mindanao , and : the proble
there is a lot of this going on now. Are control is
we going to have in Mindanao another and dis
Nueva Ecija with all its agrarian difficul co pay the se
ties ?
When a settler arrives, he finds plenty
of undeveloped lands but when he claims
zacines but
2 of malari
ad to this
importar
it , he is told that it is already owned by
te of the cr
somebody. But that somebody is never
seen around, for all you know he never rasportation
saw the place, much less made any im ads. IF
maintained
provement. And very often if not most
of the time, the owner never plans to There is als
develop the land . He is the speculator, mai railroads
- I hope the
the man who waits for somebody who
wishes to pay for his rights. But there arring stag
The developm
is a law requiring that the area be cul
tivated within six months. The Bureau of mit liberally
Lands can enforce this law , but with their governme
present personnel, with traveling expenses stations, ag
next to nothing it is not possible for them should be
to come with the situation . ant on much
When the Bureau of Lands surveys 3 ng done toc
subdivision , almost all the land is taken ters as W
up before the survey is finished . But many ided with
of these areas are not cultivated ? Why ? lities. Eve
Because the people who got them are smar: scposition,
persons who would sell their rights to those ment can
who would come later. Would you blame returns, no
squatters under this curcumstance ? people but
The land settlement of the government tales.
is not doing any better for lack of support. De do not k
ture. We
The settlers are coming faster than they
can be accommodated . While they wait sy and righ
abes is no
for their allocation they become tenants
of those who are there ahead of them in is an allur
w and elusiv
stead of becoming contented land owners.
For this reason , many decided people e habits so
have resorted to squatting. They squat on 100 a whole
land settlement reservations , which the starch in
LASEDECO is human enough to allot to The main tr
actual occupants . As I mentioned before . Fertures is
they squat on areas intended for sub -divi - bufficient
sion by the Bureau of Lands. They squat "seould be bas
on areas already sold or applied for by people
rich people and corporations. A settler as the bene
who goes to Mindanao must be daring than Hardin
enough to squat. And these are the type and not to
of people who will ultimately play an im
the headed
portant role in the development of Min set the mos
developm
danao . They are not squatters by choice
rut by necessity. They should be protect wency and
ed by the Government. The government in their a
should enforce the law requiring that the
area be cultivated in 6 months . Land Continue
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
+5

FABRICATING AND BUILDING COMPETENCE

DEVELOPED THROUGH EXPERIENCE SINCE 1905

( 에

FELIX MARAMBA

ave
YOU CAN
DEPEND ON

som
should be given only to those cultivating
t and not to those who, merely have the
papers . This is not doing any injustice to
anyone because experience has shown that
nobody will squat on your land so long as
GR
you are there cultivating it.
Another imprrtant factor in the de
velopment of Mindanao is health condi
tion . Laborers cannot be efficient if they
are sick . The opening of new lands bring
with it the problem of malaria control .
Malaria control is more important than DISTRIBUTORS FOR 31 MAJOR U. S.
hospital and dispensaries. People can INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS
afford to pay the services of physicians and Allen - Bradley Company, Inc. John Austin, Inc.
Electric Motor Controls
buy medicines but they are helpless in the Overshot Loaders
American Blower Corporation Landis Machine Company
control of malaria . The government has Industrial Blowers Threading Machinery
Dust Collectors Thread Cutting Die Heads
to attend to this case . Other diseases are Ash Precipitators Collapsible Taps
of minor importance . Ventiiating Fans Lincoln Electric Company
Armco International Corporation Shield -Arc Welders
One of the crying needs of Mindanao Stainless Steel Bars
" Fleetweld " Electrodes and Accessories
STEELOX Buildings
is transportation. MSA is planning to con Culverts and Sewers Line Material Company
struct roads . I hope the roads will be Distribution and Transmission
Drainage Gates Line Construction Materials
Grinding Media ( Grinding Balls )
bette: maintained than the ones existing Spiral Welded Pipe Underground Construction Materials
Galvanized Roofing Distribution Transformers
now . There is also talk of railroads and Power Capacitors
electric railroads from the Maria Cristina Armstrong Machine Works Lightning Arresters
Steam Traps Automatic Oil Circuit Reclosers
Falls. I hope they will pass the talkin ; E. D. Bullard Company Pole , Line Hardware
Industrial Safety Equipment Street Lighting Accessories
and planning stages and materialize. Marion Power Shovel Company
Chain Belt Company of Milwaukee Cranes, Clamshells, Draglines and
The development of Mindanao should Chain Belts, Conveyors and Sprockets Accessories
be most liberally given financial support Concrete & Plaster Mixers Mercator Corporation
Motomixers
by the government . Agricultural experi Pumpcrete Steam Engines & Boilers
Pumps Pioneer Engineering Works
ment stations , agricultural extension and Gravel, Quarry & Mining Equipment
Cheriy - Burrell Corporation Rock Crushers, Screens , Conveyors,
others should be undertaken by the gov Dairy Machinery Feeders , Washers
ernment on much larger scales than they Butter making equipn ent Shepard Elevator Company
Milk Handling Equipment
are being done today . People in Mindanao, Ice Cream Equipment Passenger Elevators
Sanitary Pipes & Fittings HomeLIFT
old settlers as well as new comers , mus : EscaLift
Clayton Manufacturing Company Smith Welding Equipment Corporation
be provided with adequate credit and mar Industrial Water Heaters
Oxy -Acetylene Welding Equipment
ket facilities . Even looking at it as a busi Kerrick Kleaners
Steam Generator Staples and Pfeiffer
ness proposition , these are enterprises the Dempster Brothers, Inc. Oil Burners
Materials Handling Strainers
governinent can go into which will give Equipment by Trucks
Pump Governors
Oil Heaters
ample returns, not only in the form of con Fairbanks Morse and Company , Inc. Terry Steam Turbine Company
tented people but also in increased income Stationary & Marine Engines Steam Turbines
Gasoline and Diesel
from taxes . Diesel Electric Power Plants Tube Turns, Incorporated
We do not know all about Mindanao Industrial & Commercial Scales Welding Fittings and Flanges
Shallow Well & Deep Well Pumps Walsh Refractories Corporation
agriculture . We all say Mindanao is a rich Household Pumps Fire Bricks
Corn Mills. Windmills , Towers Fire Clay
country and rightly so but how to harness Firth Sterling Steel Company High Temperature Cement
its riches is not well understood . Min Tool Steels Plastic Furnace Lining
Gar - Bro Manufacturing Company Air Setting Mortar
danao is an alluring lady but she is capri Construction & Industrial Equiment Western Brass Work
cious and elusive. We must know more Wheelbarrows Bearing Bronze
Dumy Carts Bushing
of her habits so we can control her . We Hcppers Shafts
must do a whole lot of study, investigation Concrete Buckets Western Reck Dit Manufacturing Co.
Acetylene Carts Liddicoat Detachable
and research in Mindanao . Gardner - Denver Company Drill bits
The main trouble with many govern Mining Equipment
Air Compressors Wright Power Saw & Tool Corporation
ment ventures is that they are undertaken Centrifugal Pumps Precision Power Saw
Stean Pumps York Corporation
with insufficient scientific facts on which Rock Drills Ice Making Plants
Air Hoists & Slushers
they could be based. Are we going to send Refrigerating Plants
Ciant Manufacturing Company Air Conditioning Plants
or allow people to go to a new country Pipe Pushers Fak -lce Ma hines
without the benefit of the best advice ? As Room Conditioners

T. Swan Harding once said , “ Any policy

that did not take science into account
would be headed for the rocks. " But above ATLANTIC, GULF & PACIFIC CO .
all these the most important need for Min OF MANILA
danao development is men of courage. ENGINEERS • CONTRACTORS • MANUFACTURERS • DISTRIBUTORS
consistency and persistence, men who be
lieve
th
in
w
their ability and the wisdom of EXECUTIVE OFFICES * ENGINEERING DIVISION * STRUCTURAI & MACHINE SHOPS
eir ork . Parrin Punta Santa Ana , Manila - Tel -phones : 6-75-31 * 6-75-32 * 6-75-33
MERCHANDISE SALES DIVISION - Robert Dollar Bldg . , Port Area, Manila - Tel. 3-36-61
( Continued on page 86 )
Connecting all Depts .
 46 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Thereartisthat
no ina
need for me to explain the
ustrialization plays toward :
achieving our natioral aspiration of a

well- balanced and prosperous economy , foi

we are all aware of the developments in
our economic horizon and of the efforts
being exerted by both the government and
private enterprise in connection with the
economic mobilization program of the
Philippines .
Just by looking at recent figures and sta
tistics , we can tell at once where lie uri
limited possibilities for development. For
NEW INDUSTRIES
example, out of the estimated 7 million Fil
ipinos, gainfully employed in 1950, fully
65.3 % were in agricultural occupations ; By JOSE P. MARCELO
24.7 % in trade , commerce , governmeni, President , Philippine Chamber of Industries
etc .; and barely 10 % in industry. In 1948
our national income was a little over 4 bii
licn pesos , of which only 17 % was derived
from industry .
it is easy to see why the development of
our local industries is both an act of pat
riotism and an economic necessity. By pro
ducing more useful goods that we , other trial production . And this picture woula several others . While they indeed help
wise , would have to import , we help con appear even worse in the light of the fact relieve unemployment and lower the prices
serve our precious foreign exchange re that population has gone up considerably . of some articles that would otherwise be
How come ? Where did the heavy in- imported in finished form , these kinds of
serves, and at the same time demonstrate
vestments of the post -war years go ? What enterprises actually contribute very little
our capacity to invest, to design , to manu
about the new industries which we know to our national production . All they do is
facture , to promote, and to sell — all Oi
which are requisites of a modern indus: are now producing — don't they count ai add the cost of local labor and facilities
rialized economy . all ? to the original value of the inported raw
Now we are in a new era with a new ros There must be something basically wrong materials . In this manner, we are stili
ponsibility to tally different from those oi with the planning and implementation of very dependent on foreign supplies, and
whatever industrialization program has we are far from exploiting the untouched
former periods but no less urgent and pai
riotic . Ours is the era of technology and been adopted so far . It is time that we or undeveloped wealth of our country.
nation -building, calling for men of indus pause and ask ourselves : " Do we really In determining each specific industria !
try , of ingenuity, of skill, and of pioneer- have a sound program for industrialization ? project that must be established after the
ing spirit. In view of the above facts. we can no market for the product has been ascer
According to Central Bank statistics, a longer close our eyes to the truth that all tained , it is essential first to investigate
total of 1 billion 200 millon pesos have been our efforts and all our investments have the availability and adequacy of raw mai
invested in manufacturing, mining , fishing , not accomplished anything to affect in erials locally . We have already shown
power and fuels, and transportation , froni some degrees the level of national produc- that enterprises which lepend on for
liberation to December 31 , 1950 . Natur- tion nor to redeem us from our hitherto eign supplies for raw materials can add
ally, a large percentage of that huge complete dependence on agriculture. very little to the national income of our
amount was used rehabilitating prewar may have made some progress, but it is country. Besides, enterprises with local
facilities , but also a sizeable portion of it progress in the wrong direction - mainiy sources of raw materials need not fear the
has been put into new industries. From because of the lack of coordinated plan- occurence of strikes affecting the ship
the records of the RFC and the Philippine ning and economic thinking in the estab- ment of imported products, nor the un
National Bank , it is shown that P134 mil- lishmeni of local industries . expected price increases and controls on
lion in loans were granted to industry dur- Even à cursory analysis of our post- the exportation of raw materials from the
ing 1949 and 1950 only. Finally, according war industries shows that many of them supplying country . What's more , greater
to the Securities and Exchange Comrnis- are processing imported raw materials In- investment is naturally required for stock
sion , 642 firms were organized for manu- to finished products. We have soft drinks ing up such imported materials . Hence,
facturing since liberation with a total and beverage factories utilizing impori- those industries for which we can find
capitalization of P327 million and paid-up ed syrups, textile mills using imported the raw materials from our own natural
capital of P74 million . cotton, garment manufacturers proces- resources should be given top priority.
We may of course credit a large part of sîng foreign textiles, shoe factories using As much as possible , projects calculated
this industrial activity to the imposition of imported leather , cigaret factories proces- to give returns in a comparatively short
import and exchange controls . In fact, ac- sing largely foreign tobacco, automobile time should be given preference over
cording to President Quirino, fully 72 man- assembly plants using imported parts, ana others . Income realized from such short
ufacturing enterprises have been set up A steel plant, one of the first to rise in the Phi'ippines to introduce a new industrial
zince the start of such trade controls in concept in the land.
1949.
These encouraging statistics and all oui
ward signs of industrial activity around us
would seem to indicate that our industrial
program is in progress, and that ine Phii
ippines is gaining headway toward the nä
tional objective of greater and more diver
sified production and a stable and seli
sufficient economy .
But is it really so?
Production figures belie the efficacy of
our industrialization efforts and invest N
ments so far . The gross national pro U
duction from industry in 1950 was P724
million, which was 15.5 % of the total gross
national income of the Philippines for that
year . The corresponding industrial pro
duction in 1938 was P254 million, represen
ting 21.3 % of the national income then .
We can see that the production in 1950
was 2.9 times that of 1938 .
the increase in prices were to be consid
However, if III
ered , it will be seen that there has in real
ity been very negligible increase in indus
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK +7

industrial leaders do not as yet realize the
vital role of research in a successful en
terprise . In the United States , the record
sum of $750 million was spent by Ameri
can research organizations in 1948, and
Ford and Du Pont account for around
$50 million each . Most of our individual
firms cannot of course afford expendi
tures for research , but the government
ihrough the Institute of Science and
Technology gives much -needed advice on
industrial techniques and products.
A plan has just been initiated by the
Office of Economic Coordination whereby
Congress would be asked to levy a special
tax to underwrite researches by the In
siitute of Science and Technology . If this
plan succeeds, the Institute would be en
abled to establish regional experimentai
stations which could build pilot plants ana
small industries especially adopted to each
particular province , or region because of
ine raw materials abounding therein ,
whiie the personnel, equipment, and tech
nical procedure are being gradually dev
eloped . In the words of Dr. Angel Arguei
les , director of the Institute of Science ana
Technology :: " Science liberally supported
in guiding industrialization can be a greai
instrument in helping evolve a strong and
dynamic nation , as ‘only the productive
can be strong and only the strong can
be free .' "
Another major factor in the execution
of our industrialization program is finan
cing. To my mind, the question of finan
cing individual projects deserves primary
emphasis above all others . It is clear that
the financial factor will more or less de
termine the time element in the compie
tion of any project. Many projects are
both technically and econon.ically souna ,
but unless a practical means of financing
them severally can be found, any program
will be doomed to failure In many ins
tances , projects are proposed without a
thorough analysis of the financing aspects.
It is certain that the financial outlay for

3
JOSE P. MARCELO

range projects could be pooled to serve as SO

a revolving fund for the development oi
long- term projects. However , the com
plexity of the process and the prevailing
shortages of machinery, equipment ana
23
supplies , should also be taken into ac
count in estimating the time element to
develop a particular project. Most often ,
indeed , simple industries requiring smali
capital investment , simple machinery and
know-how , are overlooked and neglected
45. by industrial planners. A move initiatec
by former Economic Coordination Admin
istrator Salvador Araneta to finance the
dilis powder and camote flour projects is
OD a step in the right direction. The demana
exists for these finished products which ,
iſ perfected to the point of popular ac
ceptance , will surely stimulate the growth
of the basic industry affected . THAT sugar is a catchall that serves in
Our industrialization program will de numerable purposes — for food and non
the
pend largely on the caliber of the men
handling, its implementation . Of the fac
DO food uses, meeting chemical, fermenta
tion, yeast production, bacterial, mold
action and domestic needs ?
tors limiting the success of such a pro
gram, among the most important is the THAT the medical profession, for instance,

21
need for technical men to assure the plan
ning, scheduling, and efficient operation
YOU is a beneficiary of sugar, which goes into
the making of the doctor's stock in trade,
from pharmaceuticals to dietary prepara
of the investment that is undertaken. TO tions ?
this end , the government encourages oui
standing college graduates to take orien :
ation courses with the different govern
KNOW ... THAT the shoe -making industry cannot
survive without sugar, which is directly
used in the tanning of hide ?
ment corporations. Along this line, too,
the sending and training of Filipino tech THAT writing itself would suffer without
nicians abroad under the technical as sugarcane, the bagasse of which is used
sistance program of the MSA is being in pulp making and the way of which
stepped up. But there is a need to gear helps produce carbon paper ?
cur schools to our industrialization pro THAT bakeries just wouldn't operate effi
gram . The schools are the ideal place ciently without sugar, because yeast prod
within which to start the campaign to uction is dependent on sugar ?
change the national outlook regarding in
dustrialization . According to census fig THAT homes wouldn't be the homes we
ures, 17 % of our population belongs to the know them to be if they just didn't have
professional class . In the United States .
sugar needed in cooking, preserving and
canning — and , generally, for the table ?
no more than 7.3 % of the population is
in the professional category. We THESE ARE AMONG THE MANY FACTS,
have, thus, more professionals than SOME OF THEM LITTLE KNOWN , WHICH
MAKE SUGAR AN ITEM WHICH NO
necessary . We need to have more of ine COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CAN DO
people in the vocations than we now have, WITHOUT
if we are to succeed with our industriali
zation scheme .
It has been aptly said that “ research is
the vanguard of industry . ” If our indus
trialization is to progress, we must keep
abreast with the latest inventions and
improvements concerning industry . Our
industries need research laboratories to
PHILIPPINE PLANTERS INVESTMENT CO.INC.
discover new products and processes, im Second Floor, Chronicle Building ,
Manila
prove the quality of the products, reduce
the cost of manufacture, and create mar Telephone: 3-20-15
kets. It is regrettable that most of our
 48
large and small projects will , when adde :
up, ainount to a staggering sum, and wili
be too much of a strain for the limiteri
government resources presently available .
Large projects are envisioned involving
hundreds of millions of pesos on the pro
mise that U. S. loans can be obtained to
finance them ; but whatever loans we hav :
cbiained so far have been too slow in com
ing and not substantial enough to get our
industrial projects underway. I believe
there could be found some way of raising
funds intended especially for financing in
dustrial projects .
We must be thankful that among our
people there are a very few daring men
who have invested their hard - earned cash
in prcductive enterprises. Barely
years since Liberation , our industrialists
have established manufacturing enterpris
es comparable to the best anywhere else
in the world . But greater things could be
accomplished if more domestic owners of
capital would venture forth to help accel
erate the momentum already generated
by our industrial pioneers .
The majority of our moneyed country .
men may be considered merely owners of
capital, and not capitalists—because while
they have the means with which the coun
try can produce more , they are in most
cases content with seeing their money ly
ing idle in the banks ' vaults or in the form
of unproductive investments that give
them returns but do not benefit our peo
ple as a whole.
Our moneyed countrymen should be
made to realize that there is no more pro
pitious time than now for them to make
their money work . Whatever accomplish
ments in industrialization there are, have
been made possible only because of a fav
orable business climate enjoyed under the
protective administration of Presiden :
Quirino . Time is running out on these.
protective measures imposed by the gov
ernment. But I am sure that within a
few more years under this same freedor
of industrial expansion , if more of our
countrymen would join in the program ,
the Philippines will attain a greatness in
industrialization that for the present we
can only dream of .
One positive method of raising funds is
the recent proposal of Dr. Araneta to in
crease the exchange tax from 17 % to 25 %
on the basis of which it is estimated tha :
the government can realize an additionai
income of P80 million annually. This func ,
according to Dr. Araneta, could be utilizec
in financing government industrial pro
jects. This move should deserve the sup
port and legal sanction of our congress .
However, I would like to advocate a slighi
ly different procedure in allocating this
exchange tax revenue . Rather than use
all of it to develop government projects ,
I would suggest that 50 % of the funcis
carmarked for industrial development, li
respective of the source , be made available
through the RFC or other banking inst:
tutions, as loans to private industrialists
as a means to encourage timid capital " to
come out and venture into productive in
vestments .
The problem of coordination between
the government and private enterprise,
and among
the private manufacturers
themselves, will be solved if the Congress
would pass the legislation requested by the
office of Economic coordination providing
for the establishment of an economic mo
bilization board . This body will exercise
the sole power to license new industries
in order to preclude any unnecessary duis
lication of efforts and will synchroniza
ail economic factors to better achieve full
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Officials of the Rehabilitation Finance Corporation which has helped many a new
industry are seen above visiting a caustic soda plant in the suburbs of Manila.
and effective results from the national have to admit by now that import control
economic mobilization program . Moreover , has proved itself equal to at least one
it will have the sole discretion in determ-
ining which are “new ” and “necessary"
industries, for tax exemption purposes.
Local industries have of course nothing
but gratitude to the government for thus
enabling local manufacture to compete
with foreign products . Lately , however,
this generosity of the government has
been more and more abused , and the gov-
ernment has alowed that abuse . I refer
to the grant of tax exemptions to recently
organized industries on the ground that
they are also " new " and " necessary ”
regardless of whether there existed before
them five or ten industries of the very
same kind. In short, the government is
defeating its avowed purpose of protecting
pioneer industries through its grant of tax
exemption to industries that can no longer
be considered " new " nor "necessary ." If
the government would foster the right kind
of industries , it should be more strict in
implementing its tax exemption policy .
Only by this means can it thereby pre-
vent overcrowding of new industries. Only
in this way can it avoid undue cutthroat
competition among Filipino industries
which always results in the waste of money
and energy that may be channeled to more
profitable pursuits.
Another shortcoming in government
policy concerns the import control mach
inery. There is a move afoot among certain
responsible people to work for the aboli
tion of the present Import Control Com-
mission . Whatever the motive of these
anonymous opponents of the efficient
import control set- up , I can only say that
if they should succeed in their plan they
will be responsible for the disasier that
must inevitably follow . Without import
control during these trying period , the
Philippines will swiftly and surely revert
to its economic status of national bank
ruptcy before it imposed trade controls .
It has become quite a habit with many
Filipinos to heap the blame for the present
scarcity of luxury goods and the high cost
of living on import and other trade con-
trols . It must be admitted that these res-
trictions have given Philippine economy a
very severe jolt. But what about the other
side of the picture ? You and I know thai
with all the hardships which controls have
to the buk of our population , many bene-
fits, have likewise accrued to us .
Even the most cynical among us will
1951 - 1052
task for which it was partly devised and
resorted to : the establishment of local
manufacturing industries. In harciiy 3
years since the imposition of import con
trol, we cannot close our eyes to the mir
aculous change in the Philippine indus
trial scene.
Encouraged by the virtual freedom from
foreign competition and compelled by in
sistent public demand , more and more fac
tories now hum with activity . Now we
make within our shores such hitherto im
ported products as beauty aids, automc
bile batteries , plastic accessories , drugs.
etc. Presently , the import control com
mission is giving concrete encouragemeni
to capitalists who may want to assemble
locally such U.S. - made articles as automo
biles, radios, and other appliances . The
import control commission has given as
surance to businessmen who engage in
these kinds of enterprises , prompt issuanc:
of licenses and priority in the importation
of the necessary raw materials .
It is comon knowledge that there is often
a conflict of interests between govern
ment projects and private industries. It is
also common knowledge that there is often
an overcrowding of a certain industry due
to the establishment of other similar en
terprise , though the public demand is a
ready being met adequately by the pioner
projects. Thus, Philippine resources and
capital are being wasted . I sincerely be
lieve that this problem will be solved with
the establishment of an economic mob !
ization board which will , in the words oi
Dr. Araneta, " exercise centralized dirde
tion and control over the country's econo
mic forces ."
If you will allow me to repeat what i
have said earlier, the worst defect of our
industrialization program is its lack of ein
fective and systematic planning . This is
so because there has not been created one
sole government agency to take care of th
planning, licensing, financing, and super
vision of all private industries . It is true
we have the Office of Economic Coordina
tion , but it has very limited powers ana
it concentrates on supervising governmen!
corporations. It is therefore high tim
that Dr. Araneta's proposal to organ's all
economic mobilization board be conside !
favorably by the congress at its com !
regular session . Congress should clothe
this board with adequate powers to act 0!?

1951 - 1952
all matters pertaining to industrialization
and should provide it with sufficient funds
tu execute its projects .
Incidentally, as part of a coordinated
program of economic mobilization , we
should not confine ourselves nierely to
positive measures . We should also look
into the possibilities of making savings in
the economy of our nation through a
change in our wasteful practices .
For example , let's take our land trans
portation facilities . As a prospective tire
manufacturer, I should advocate the con
tinuance of the present disorganized
transportation system . But as a Filipino,
I urge instead that we institute the equ :
table distribution of motor vehicles
that we can get the most out of our nou
too plentiful peso.
According to the Motor Vehicles Office,
a total of 101,683 motor vehicles were re
gistered in 1950 as compared to oniy
56,000 in 1941. These gures indicate
that we are fast approaching the motor
ized age. Unfortunately , due to tolerant
government policy , over 33-13 % of these
motor vehicles are in Manila alone, ana
8 % are in Rizal province, including Pasay
and Quezon cities—which mean that 2 out
of every 5 motor vehicles in the Philip
pines are operating in Manila and outiy
ing towns , aside from the hundreds of
provincial buses that make regular trips
to Manila every day . No wonder
streets of Manila are congested from eariy
morning till late at night, and yet there
are hardly any decent means of transpor
tation to transport our vital commodities
in the majority of the provinces.
Mainly because of this unequal distribu
07
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
tion of our land transportation facilities ,
some parts of our country have to buy
foods stuffs and other necessities at er
orbitant prices, though there may actually
be an over-supply of these same produc : s
in other corners of the archipelgo. Gov
ernment action towards proper distribu
tion of our motor vehicles can therefore
bring about a less difficult and probabiy
cheaper commercial intercourse between
the provinces .
In this connection , I believe we are
draining plenty of our precious dollars by
burning much more gasoline than is ne
cessary to carry on our normal activities .
You all know the deplorable condition in
SO Manila streets where jeeps and buses travel
at a snail's pace due to traffic jams . You
will be surprised how much precious dol
lars we can save if only the governmeni
would institute a plan whereby the pre
sent gasoline-driven vehicles should use
alcohol or a mixture of gasoline and alco
hol or diesel oil as motor fuel . Even if the
trucks alone were made to adopt this
change in fuel, millions of pesos in sav
ings will accrue to our country .
As statistics show , of the 101,683 motor
vehicles registered in 1950, trucks accouni
ed for 55,104 — or roughly 55 % . The Phil
ippines consumes annually 590 million lit
ers of gasoline costing approximately
P100 million to import. Hence , if our
the trucks could be converted to the use 01
alcohol or diesel or coconut oil , we woula
already be able to conserve at least P55
million yearly-surely not a sum o scori
at .
I have cited this particular case in order
to prove that, in our struggle to stabilize
2
+9
our national econoniy, we should not Te
pend solely on putting up productive en
terprises, we should also resort to aus
terity. As a matter of fact, making saving3
in our economy will produce effects simil
ar to those of establishing an industry.
After all, although we earn but continue
to squander what we earn , we won't make
money. Likewise, al'hough we save to the
point of miserliness hut cion't earn , we
won't really amass much . Therefore, don't
you think that the easiest way to accun :
ulate money is to earn and to save at the
same time ?
The now famous Bell Report itself rec
ommended as one of the 7 requisites to the
over -all economic prosperity of the Philip
pines that " the development program
should take adequate account of the need
to provide for more efficient distribution
facilities.... "
What is the meaning of distribu
tion ? Why is it so important to our na
tional economy ? What's wrong , if any ,
with the existing distribution system in
the Philippines ?
In school, you and I were taught that
economics is the science that treats of the
production, distribution, and consumption
of commodities intended to satisfy human
needs and wants . We also learned that
distribution is the total of all activities
involved in the progression of goods from
the producer to the consumer , and that
it includes warehousing, transportation ,
wholesale and retail marketing, advertis
ing, and a substantial part of research ,
enginer.ing, accounting and financing .
(Continued on page 80 )

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 50 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

PRIOR to the outbreak of hostilities in 2

1941, there was no pharmaceutical ma

nufacturing industry in the country, to
speak of. We were merely a small group
of individual compounders, with our own
formulas and our small laboratories. Our
products were being sold, it is true , in the
market, but in such limited quantities as
to inappreciably dent the wall that had
been built around our local consumer
public, either consciously or unconsciously,
by the flood of foreign products in this
country . The same picture was also the
lot of a majority of manufacturers of
DRUGS
others products.
By Dr. AGUSTIN LIBORO
No sizeable Filipino capital had been
President, Lexal Pure Drug Laboratories
invested in the pharmaceutical manufac
turing field for a number of reasons. Be
cause of this lack of capital and, if you
may allow me to say, " initiative," no one
manufacturer of drugs and medicines
could enter the competitive field. The
government, then , was unfortunately
hamstrung in its efforts to adequately
safeguard and protect the interests of 10 nal preparations in a quantity, ten times copra , and the like . Eut , in its own way.
cal producers . more than the production of pre -hostili it nas brought cmployment to the growing
ties, and more than sufficient to meet the number of the city populace; it has striv
In spite of these handicaps, local pnar demands of a growing nation. Our prod en to bring about a change in the minds
maceutical manufactures continued to ucts, although not completely accepted of the consumer public in their acceptance
press into the field . And like other manu by the local consumer public, have be of its locally -manufactured products; it
facturers in other fields, they took on the come part and parcel of the community has taken an invaluable , although seldom
task of re - educating the public mind into life. The public has already been made to mentioned, step in securing the welfare
accepting the produrts that were being realize that the local pharmaceutical and of the citizens of this country in protect
locally manufactured . medicinal preparations are equal, if not ing their health . Small as its role has
better, in quality to those they had pre been, it has served it well - a small cog,
It was only during the period of the viously obtained of foreign make, and in perhaps in the wheel of industry that has
Japanese occupation that our local phar. a price reasonable to their paying capa pushed its way slowly but surely towards
maceutical manufacturers were able to
city. the country's goal of economic stability
attain an appreciable degree of success and independence.
1
In view of the almost complete severance Perhaps, you wonder why I have traced
of connections with foreign manufactur the growth of the Philippine pharmaceu Today, the local pharmaceutical ma
ers and suppliers of pharmaceutical and tical manufacturing industry from its nufacturing industry is taking a big part,
medicinal preparations, the local con shall I call it, crude beginnings to what as it had taken in the past, in the develop
sumer public turned to local pharmaceu . it is today. I have done so in order to ment of the economy and well being of
tical manufacturers for their needs. I can bring to you the story of its growth from this Republic. From its humble beginnings
indeed proudly say that it is to the credit the small home workshops of laboratories in handicapped laboratories, the industry
of our local pharmaceutical manufactur to its present stature as a prime factor has been able to erect concrete buildings
ers that they were able to meet these in the development of this country's eco with more than ample space for research
needs despite the limited raw materials nomy. I have done so in order to bring to and production — buildings that stand, not
that one could find and avail of in this you our story of unending search to serve only as symbols of the progress of this
country. the public in its primary need for health , particular field of endeavor, but also as
What has been its role in shaping the testimonies of the faith and trust reposed
Calcium and its by-products were prod economy of this country ? Perhaps, not upon its builders by the public it has serv
uced in a quantity, perhaps not entirely as big as other industries, such as sugar, ed .
sufficient to meet all the demand, but
enough to safeguard a majority, if not all
A drug manufacturing plant is visited by officials of the Rehabilitation Finance
of the health of the general public. Corporation which has financed the A. T. Suaco & Co. The unit manufactures plas
Dextrose and other various prepara ma, the first in the Philippines.
tions were produced by our manufactur
ers, with the invaluable aid of local che
mists, to supply the country's hospitals
and clinics.

Household remedies and other galeni

cals were placed on the market in such
quantity as could be turned out by our
local manufacturers within their small ,
though efficient, laboratories.
And people began to take stock of the
quality of local pharmaceutical and me
dicinal preparations. This effect alone on
the local consumer public was a tremen
dous success for our local manufacturers.
50

With the liberation of the country and

the cessation of hostilities , our local
pharmaceutical manufacturers began to
make and lay - out programs of develop
ment. The coming of independence found
them ready to take part in the building
up and the buttresing of the country's
economy.
And today, the Philippine scene sees
rising new buildings that house the latest
and most modern of equipments for the
production of pharmaceutical and medici
 50A

INDUSTRIALIZATION

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50

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THE FILIPINO WOMAN TAKES TO THE MACHINE

 500

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50D

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 50E

MACHINES & MEN

MODERN machines no longer
cause wonder among skilled
hands which once knew nothing
ill
but idleness. Here on these pages
are huge or intricate parts which
Filipinos can handle well under all
weather and conditions. Extreme
left , up, is the mill of the Philip
pine Paper Mills, immediately to
the right, a series of veneering ma
chines. Bottom are other machines,
coconut oil expeller , tire maker and
precision instrument. Not only
these but the most complicated
parts (next pages ) are being oper
ated by Filipino hands. All toward
a golden age in Philippine indus
trialization . The machines yet must
come but sooner or later these
hands will make them here .

6!– na
17
50F

22

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 50G

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THE AMBUKLAO HYDRO- ELECTRIC PROJECT

SCHEMATIC STUDY IN PERSPECTIVE

THE AMBUKLAO PROJECT ( TOP ) , ONE OF ITS TUNNELS ( BELOW )

1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
A new cigarette factory, which process es Virginia leaf tobacco , is visited. This
plant is that of the U.S. Tobacco Co.
OUR TOBACCO
By MARIANO E. GUTIERREZ
Tobacco Specialist
THE Spaniards introduced and develop was once supreme in this country . One
ed the tobacco industry and instituted half of the total export of American ci
the tobacco monopoloy for a century. Due garettes came to this country, so that the
to abuses and graft of overseers and en Filipinos were outsmoking in American
comenderos, it was abolished in 1881 and cigarettes the whole importing world. The
its assets , were turned over and passed to American cigarette, therefore, has been
a private Spanish firm , the Tabacalera. killing the cigar filler tobaccomune only
The government monopoly developed support of the industry .
the industry on a solid foundation . The We are not blaming any people for this
Philippines was both a producer of raw change. It is just a necessary untoward
leaf and manufacturer of finished prod result of two civilizations in juxtaposition
ucts, a rare condition attained by a colo with the impact of one reacting favorably
nial product. Generally mother countries and overwhelmingly upon the other and
want raw products from their colonies to the changing fashions in smoking habits
be processed at home at a large profit by and taste, just as in the clothes we wear
them , often to be returned to the original and the foods we eat. If there is a stint of
source as consumers' commodities. blame, it is to be attributed on native pro
The revenue derived from the monopoly pensity to patronize foreign rather than
was so large that in some very good years native products.
it was sufficient to finance the Spanish During the interregnum of three years
regime in the Philippines. The Spaniards 1942-1944 with the detestable Japanese
made tobacco the first industrialized agri military occupation , the almost complete
cultural product of the country. The other destruction of the Philippine tobacco in
crops followed suit very slowly and some dustry was well-nigh effected.
are still in the status of colonial raw prod True, based upon published research
ucts, as raw sugar, copra, and abaca and
> results and their experience in Formosa,
other fibers. Our tobacco products ac the Japanese tobacco monopoly planned ,
quired such a world fame in quality so based upon grandiose ambition and on
that it was welcome to 45 countries. It was military necessity, and tried to produce
at that time and still is our best bet ex Virginia leaf in 250,000 hectares here ,
port crop , as it is cosmopolitan in charac starting in La Union and Pangasinan pro
ter and goes to more countries than to one vinces in order to provide the needs of the
or three. so-called Co -prosperity Sphere of one bil
In 1909, a decade after the Philippines lion Asians. They forced the growers to
was ceded to the United States and by the construct flue-curing barns walled with a
operation of Payne-Aldrich Bill, impor mixture of mud, dung, and rice hulls,
tation of Americantobacco products reinforced with bamboo, which flimsy ,
started to come into this country. The im makeshifts were as temporary as their
portation grew steadily by leaps and brief occupation . However,, the lesson of
bounds until in 1948 it reached the stag commercial Virginia production has re
gering value of some P58,000,000 ( M ) . mained, and these two pioneer provinces
equal to the whole capital assets, including are now reaping greater benefit from to
tobacco lands and factories of the whole bacco than heretofor .
Philippine tobacco industry. This is a ser When liberation came there was not
ious state of affairs for an industry that even enough seeds of native tobacco to
51
plant a very much reduced area com
pared to prewar hectarage.
The Philippine tobacco industry is a
dollar-producing , dollar-saving, and large
government revenue - producing industry
In our effort to safeguard our economy,
we instituted import control, but at best,
this is a temporary palliative . A more per
manent and enduring solution is wanted .
In this connection , what are the assets
of the country to regain the pristine pres
tige of the Philippine tobacco industry ?
The scientific facts and discoveries obtain
ed by a small group of tobacco specialists
10 guide the industry to new paths of its
orderly progress ; the favorabie Philippine
varying conditions of soil and climate
suited for the large commercial product
ion of all types required, and seeds there
of made available in accordance with de
mands ; the tobacco hacenderos and farm
ers eager to get more profit from their
crops; the factories manufacturing still ,
although in smaller quantities, the famous
Manila cigars and added aromatic cigar
ettes from imported raw materials ; enter
prising capital, Filipino or alien ; the tra
ders anxious to rehabilitate their dwind
ling business; and the consumers avid to
try smoking local brands similar to im
ported ones ;—are all here.
Our unique and grand opportunity now
is to develop a well-balanced industry led
by our leaders and economic statesmen to
show that distinctive acumen , if not gen
ius, of the race to solve our tobacco prob
lem in such a way that it is responsive to
the needs and demands of the country and
of the world. With that bright eventuality ,
the tobacco industry will be one of the
most solid foundations of the new Nation -
al Economy of an indepencent people .
Since liberation , we have tried and still
doing it with our rice problem in a full or
overflowing measure and we may event
ually arrive within a few short years at
the desideratum of rice self-sufficiency.
Rice and tobacco are in similar predica
ment in that both industries are mostly
in the hands of small farmers and tenants
often without leadership, unlike the well
provided and appointed sugar , coconut .
and abaca industries in the hands of large
capitalists and hacenderos.
Surely what we are actually doing for
the rice industry shoul't be duplicated for
tobacco, although in a more modest and
moderate scale in so far as financing the
project is concerned, but it should be 2 .
comprehensive, sufficient, steady, and
self- generating measure .
Just what one million pesos, for ex
ample , consistently provided every year,
do for the improvement of the tobacco in
dustry ? Essential services may be revita !
ized , intensified , and expanded and car
ried out persistently without a hitch or
hindrance , -to the end of making the to
bacco industry well adjusted and nicely
balanced as to production of raw leaf and
the manufacture of products therefrom in
accordance with local and world demands
of the tobacco trade . That amount may
provide ( 1 ) short term and long range re
search , including the operation of a small
pilot plant to guide our factories in the use
of local leaf and materials ; ( 2 ) experi
ment station extension service to make
available to the tobacco planters and
small growers the results of research by
trained and experienced station agents;
(3 ) operation of properly manned practic
al demonstration units for every type of
tobacco in the actual and potential cen
( Continued on nane. 73 )
LIBRARY
FINDn
52
PHILIPPINE MINES
Mining Engineer, Sec .- Treasurer, Chamber of
its com
mining industry, after last
THE golddestruction
plete during the war ,
has been encountering a series of impedi
ments in its rehabilitation. To start with ,
there was no capital to rebuild the plants
and to reopen the mines. There was a
shortage of labor. No new machineries
were available. Spare parts for recondi
toned power plants and mills were scarce.
Labor troubles occurred in practically all
niines . Shortage of experienced labor and
terhnical men were being felt . There was
an attempt to increase the production tax ;
and the execution of the import control re
gulations was a hitch to the smooth opěra
tions of the mines. There was the 17 % dol
lar exchange tax, 2 % ICC fee, 7 % compen
sating tax , and the 28 % income tax on cor
porations. The gold buyers in the free mar
ket were investigated now and then for
supplying silver to the communists, making
the market scary . The mines were blamed
for explosives used by unscrupulous fish
ermen and, last of all, the allocation of
serialization DO Number F-O -W4 by the
United States government to the gold
mines in the Philippines, which means that
the gold minés will only get 50 % of their
1950-consumption of supplies, chemical má
chineries, equipments and spare parts for
their operation in 1952. If the last ruling
of the defense order of the state depart
ment of the United States is not eased , the
gold mines will surely close within 6
months by 1952.
The economic stability of the Philip
pines during the last three-score years was
partly due to gold and silver production
which continually increased from P2,424 ,
606 in 1920 to P78,458,708 in 1940. By 1941
the mining industry could have been the
premier industry of the Philippines had
not the war brept out.
The last war practically demolished ail
gold mines ' surface plants, with the ex
ception of two which also received minor
destruction . In the early part of 1942 , the
Open pit mining at the property of the Consolidated Mines where operations have been speeded and output greatly increased
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
By NESTORIO N. LIM
Mines of the Philippines
Japanese dismantled some of the power the Islands. The Chinese merchants had
plants, mill , mining machinery and equip bought gold from the natives or exchanged
ment and moved these machineries to base it with their old porcelain wares which
metal mines such as iron , chromite , copper are today the priced possession of some
and manganese . What had remained be people . During the Spanish rule, consi
came the outposts of the Japanese soldiers , Gerable mining activity took place in the
for which reason they were heavy bombed Mountain Province, Mindoro Island, Para
and leveled to the ground in the early part cale, Masbate and Mindanao. They oper
of 1945 . ated both lode and placer mines. The
During the war period, there was no Americans' coming into the Philippines
gold and silver production, but consider brougnt a turn in the development of the
abie panning and high grading of rich mining industry which started mostly in
gold ore were reported. It was roughly es the gold and silver prospecting which be
timated that over P3.000,000 was produced gan as early as 1902, but production in
by the panners and high graders . small quantity did not begin until 1909.
Immediately after the liberation , some On account of the difficulty in transpor
gold mines begun to rehabilitate their tation , gold mining did not prosper until
mines so that by 1947 Surigao Consolidated after 1920 when several companies were
Mining Co. went into production . It was already in operation. The success of their
followed by Atok-Big Wedge Mining Co. , operations were further intensified by the
Inc. in 1948 and Mindanao Mother Lode gold boom in 1933 and 1936. The trend
Mines, Inc. and Benguet and Balatoc Min of production rose steadily from 1930, as
ing Companies in 1949 . At the close of seen by the following figures :
1951 , of the 41 mines that were in gold and Value of gold and
silver production before the war, there will Year silver production
be 10 major gold lode producers and 2 pla 1933 P16,190.785
cer operations with an estimated produc 1934 23,823,365
tion of P45,000,000 by the end of the year. 1935 31,979.030
The gold and silver mining industry 1936 44,317,556
piays a major part in Philippine economy . 1937 51,211.544
It employs directly over 15,000 laborers and 1938 64,060,165
employes , having a dependence of 60,000. 1939 74,000,914
Allied industries which are indirectly serv 1940 78,458,704
Ing the mines, such as lumber men, farm 1941 ( 10 mo. ) 64,638,835
ers, traders , transportation operators, bak 1946 22.427
ers , barbers, tailors, machinery and hard 1947 4,623,150
ware dealers , may run also to 60.000, so 1948 14,515,942
that there are at least 135,000 deriving 1949 23,375,068
their living on the industry. Added to this 1950 33,709,084
number are some 25,000 stockholders which 1951 45,000,000
can boost the figure easily to 160,000 de
pendents, on the gold and silver mining THE GOLD AND SILVER ORES
group , that is . Essentially, there is no gold or mainly
silver mine in the Philippines. Gold ores
HISTORY OF GOLD AND SILVER carry always silver values in the ratio
Gold and silver mining in the Philip from .8 and up to 5 oz. silver to 1 oz. of
pines dated back prior to Spanish rule in (Continued on page 54)
io meet chrome ore demand in the United States.
-
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 53

Forthe SuccessfulImplement
WS

ation ofthe Government's Total

IndustrialMobilization Program
For a Common Front for
Democracy.
*

TITE
PHILIPPINE GENERALCHINESE
CHAMBEROFCOMMERCE
672 Benavides St., Manila
Tel. No. 2-94-66

‫عن‬

Vilt
1001
MINE

DEE C. CHUAN & SONS, INC. HUA TONG TRADING CO .

16 Soler St., Manila 913 Jaboneros St., Manila
Tel. No. 2-68-32 ; 3-15-69 Tel. No. 2-63-38 ; 6-81-35

THE CATHAY COMPANY, INC. MARIANO UY CHACO SONS & CO., INC.
316 Nueva St. , Manila Chaco Bldg., Rosario St. , Manila
Tel. No. 2-84-55 ; 3-89-04 Tel. No. 2-97-02

UY SU BIN & Co., INC . CHIONG PHAI HUN

205 Rosario St., Manila
Tel. No. 2-64-39
LA DICHA CIGAR & CIG . FACTORY
429 Asuncion St. , Manila
Tel . No. 2-89-36 ; 6-62-96
341 Sto . Cristo , Manila
Tel. No. 2-83-22 ; 2-63-67
CHENG BAN YEK & CO. , LTD.
574 M. de Binondo , Manila
Tel. No. 2-64-60 ; 5-22-78

ANG TUAN KAI & CO. CUA P0 CH00H & Co.

485 Nueva St. , Manila 209 San Vicente St., Manila
Tel. No. 2-65-52 ; 6-61-23 Tel . No. 2-60-97

EQUITABLE BANKING CORPORATION CHAM SAMCO & SONS, INC.

)

210 Juan Luna St. , Manila 306 Sto. Cristo St. , Manila
Tel. No. 2-79-73 ; 2-93-7 . Tel. No. 2-79-51 ; 2-79-52

mum
54 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK .952
1951 - 1932
P. I. Mines came a problem. Bulk and selective flo distance of the mine to the pier . Average
Continued from page 52 ) tation are now used to treat these com cost is 20 centavos per ton kilometer.
gold and an average ratio of 1.5 : 1 .
Gold piex ore whereby concentrates and bul
lion are produced. Gold concentrate is TAXES AND MINIMUM WAGE
veins are found in fractures in andesite . Beside the minimum wage which went
sent to the smelters in the United States.
diorite, or as a replacement deposit . Con into effect in August of 1951 , increasing
tact deposit is not unknown . The veins Most bulk concentrates carry, besides gold
and silver, copper , lead and zinc. Three the wage nf miners to a minimum of P3
vary in width from one inch to over 100 per day, and eventually to P4 after a year ,
ft . wide. Veins have been followed for gold mines in Baguio are now producing
government taxes have been also in the
Over one mile long and over 1,300 ft. deep . only gold bullion, while the rest of the up trend since the liberation . Gold pro
Early gold production was mostly from rich gold mines produce gold concentrates and duction tax is at sliding scale and now
bullion . Mining costs at present are from
surface ores but later, in 1932, when the average over 8 % of the gross production
P4 to P15 per ton , compared to prewar
gold mines expanded their operations , ope costs of P1.20 to P8.00 .
of the mine . Taxes paid to the govern
rators begun to mine lower grade ore to inent by gold and silver mines are as fol
sweeten their high grade ore . Prewar gold MARKET FOR BULLION lows :
and silver ore averaged from P14 to P50 Present government regulation re
Real Estate Tax 7/8 %
per ton while one mine in the last months quires that 25 % of refined gold production Taxes on building, machineries
of 1941 averaged over P100 per ton in gold goes to the Central Bank at P70.00 per and other improvements 1-1 /4 %
and in silver. One big low grade mine of ounce while the rest is sold locally at a Production Tax 8 0%
5,000 tons daily mill capacity has gold and free market price from P108 to P112.50 . Dollar Exchange 17 %
silver value of P5.50 to P6.20 per ton and ICC Fee 2 %
The price gradually rose and spurted up
was making a fair profit when the war Compensating Tax 7
to P168 per ounce for a short period in
broke out. Income Tax 28 %
April , 1951 .
MINING EXTRACTION AND COST Withholding tax on dividend -Cedula B
Square set stoping method is common The gold bullion is refined either in Tax - P1 per 5,000 , value of real estate
iy used in most mines on account of the England or in the United States , then it and improvement .
heavy ground. However, whenever possi is shipped back to the Philippines to be
ble , other methods of stoping the ore such sold in the local free market after the SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT
as cut and fill, top slice , shrinkage, um 25 % of the refined gold is retained in the
U.S. banks for the account of the Central
Generally, all mining supplies, ma
brella stull, and stull in narrow veins, have chineries and equipments are imported
been used. In the low grade mine , open Bank. The same is true for gold concen
from the United States . Only a few items
trate . However, the base metals are sold
cut and glory hole mining were practiced. are imported from European countries and
Pre-war mining cost was as low as P2 per to the smelters, the dollar proceeds of Japan . On account of the difficulty of
ton, as compared to present operation costs which go to the Central Bank who in turn getting these mine needs from the United
of P8 to P12 . pays the producers in pesos. States at the present, the Philippine gold will site
MILLING OPERATION The cost of shipping concentrate to mines are making all effort to purchase
Early gold ore treatment was by cy the United States has increased consider their requirements anywhere they are ob
ably from P8 prewar to P18 lately . Trans tainable . the war
anidation and amalgamation from which
a bullion was produced. Later, complex portation cost of concentrates from the LABOR PROBLEMS * ting the
ores were mined and milling operation be mine to the pier varies, depending on the Mine labor had never been a problem * odustrie
than no
chieved
Aerial view of San Mauricio mill staff houses and main shaft area in Camarines Norte, brought to production this year to add
another gold - producing 'mine. shaft
boer libera
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1 - 1952
The mill site of the Lepanto Consolidated Mining Co., which is one of the world's copper producers, Mountain Province , a
efore the war. In fact, the mine laborers
ere getting the highest pay compared to
ther industries. Their efficiency was far
etter than now. The Philippine gold mi-
ers achieved the highest record of ad-
ance in shaft sinking and tunnel driving.
After liberation, when the gold mines
esumed operations , there was a shortage
f labor due to high wages paid by other
ndustries. Experienced miners were not
vallable as numerous opportunities with
food pay were offered for them by the
J.S. Army, Navy and Surplus depots.
Vhen the Army and Navy completed their
arious projects in the Islands, there was
in unemployment problem and people
locked to the mines. Unions were organ-
zed by the unemployed and the cry for
more wages begun. There were strikes in
the mines one after the other.
However, it is pleasing to know that
practically all labor troubles in the mines
Ire now settled . The laborers are satis-
fied, happy, and work hard to increase
heir earnings . They have the best of
are . They have free house , light, water ,
tre wood, free clinics and hospitalization ,
free school and gymnasium for their chil-
Bren , and sick and vacation leave with
pay , besides occasional bonus for efficien
ty
FUTURE OF THE GOLD MINES
Present indications in the development
of the mines today are encouraging what
The aver
with substantial ore reserves .
age value of ore per ton has dropped but
increased production has upset it. There
are expansion programs in most operat
ing gold mines today.
New mines remain to be upened yet .
While two companies have stopped explor-
ation recently, it does not mean that the
prospects they explored are hopeless. They
only lack funds for further exploration.
There ar few excellent prospects of
e
small gold mines. One is only 23 km . east
of Manila and the other two are located
in Mindanao. Low grade deposits with big
tonnage of ore reserve are known. This
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
leader in the Philippine mining.
low grade ore runs from P5 to P12 per ton
with gold at P70.00 per ounce . The pros
pects had been partially developed but on
account of lack of capital to explore, these
prospects remain dormant. The peace and
order condition in the country has also
contributed to the timidity of capital to
come in .
Yet, with all the odds suffered by the
gold and silver mines in the Philippines
so far, still the industry offers a fair re
turn for investments. There are many ex
cellent prospects waiting for investors to
develop them . The development of the
gold and silver resources of the Philip
pines has just begun .
Mining is a Philippine industry whose
rehabilitation has dragged along slowly for
the past five years . It is estimated that
up to the present, the industry is not even
70 % rehabilitated. The present demand
and favorable prices offered for base me
tal ores are not sufficient to induce min
ing companies to rehabilitate their mines
nor induce new capital to explore new de
posits because of the many uncertainties
besetting the mining industry as well as
the generally rising prices for machinery
and supplies, rendered more disturbing by
à pyramid of taxes that appears to be of
no end .
It is true that a few mines now in pro
duction are making a fair return on their
investments and that some of these paid
dividends in 1950 and in the first half of
1951. This, however, was partly due to the
price of gold bullion which at one time
reached P168.00 per oz. before collapsing
to a low of P114.00. Recently the price has
firmed to P118.50 and is expected to re-
main steady for the rest of the year. Con
sidering the glcom pervading the industry
at present, however, it is not likely tha:
mining will progress unless some of the
other unfavorable factors are removed .
The following discussion aims to show
why the mining industry is still not yet
fully rehabilitated in spite of the current
firm prices and the continued demand for
55
the minerals and metals from all parts of
the world .
WORLD CONDITION ✓
The trend of the cold war that is go
ing on in Europe and the effect of the
Korean War in the Philippines is not very
conducive to the reopening of the prewar
mines because of the big capital involved
which run the risk of being destroyed again
war comes. The experiences of foreign
mining men in the last war was so un
bearable that they do not relish being
caught again in a foreign country if an
other war breaks out .
Most mines of importance are located
in the interior, in the high Sierras and
Cordilleras, almost inaccessible except by
single mine roads. Any threat to the min
ers and laborers of these mines generally
scares them from work and operation is
thus much hampered. Old mines which
have been left unrehabilitated, are dan
gerous to inspect nowadays. The wild in
terior where new prospects are generally
found are the hiding places of dissidents .
It is impossible to open up a new mine in
such areas without being harassed .
LACK OF MACHINERY
The burning and bombing of the mine
plants, shops and mills during the last
war caused the destruction of all machine
Imme
ries and rendered them useless.
diately after the war, it was next to im
possible to get mine machineries and sup
plies and what could be had were very
expensive. But by 1949, conditions eased
up and these mine necessities could be
acquired easily until the import control
regulations went into effect in 1950.
In the past, excessive delays were en
countered in securing import licenses for
needed machinery and supplies , so much
so, in fact , that some of the mines ap
peared on the verge of closing for lack of
supplies . Later, fortunately, PRISCO took
over the licensing work for the Mining In
dustry and improved its services immense
ly, thus saving the mines from costly shut
56
downs.
Recently , there was another reorgan
ization of the Import Control Agency and
for almost two months now , no new sup
plies and machinery have been ordered.
It is feared in the mines that if present
conditions continue for another month
more, there will be a general retardation
of operations. As was said before , the
mines and mills are in operation 24 hours
a day and 365 days a year. There is a con
tinuous consumption of supplies and spare
parts. Any undue delay in the importation
of suppiies or spare parts may spell total
shut - down of many mines,
All these changes in the import con
trol regulations causing uncertainty in the
mine operation and delays in acquiring vi
tal needs of the mining industry will en
courage neither new mines to open nor
the destroyed ones to rehabilitate.
THE MINIMUM WAGE LAW
Immediately after the war, the army
and navy offered plenty of jobs with at
tractive wages to people from the mining
districts, so that when the mines began
to rehabilitate , there was a scarcity of
labor . The efficiency of whatever labor
there was left was far below prewar aver
age that it discouraged capital to open
up new ones or operate the old .
The mines had to train new men
again for work underground . The rate
of pay was much higher than pre
war, while cost and upkeep of privileges
like rice , foodstuffs , lodging, water, light.
hospital and school facilities offered to
miners were much higher. The mines na
turally could not afford to pay higher wa
ges but they had promised good wages to
miners as soon as conditions improve . Ac
tually, the pay, plus all the privileges en
joyed by the mine employes , including sick
ind vacation leaves , and Christmas bonus
money, are much higher compared to wa
ges paid to empioyes in other industries .
The passage of the Minimum Wage
Law will discourage the opening of new
mines and the rehabilitation of the old
ones, because the average mine - and -mill
cost of extraction of metal or mineral now
is so high and profit is much reduced, or
there is no profit at all . If operating mines
now cannot operate at a given minimum
profit to the risk of capital invested in the
mines, then capital will not come in to
open new mines. The minimum wage will
increase the present cost of production per
ton so much that the minimum profit of
operation is no longer obtainable and there
fore, the operation can not go on, unless
only high grade ore be mined , thereby, los
9 The government envisions a greai lu
Ing big tonnages of low grade ore which
could be mined profitably before the Mini
mum Wage Law was passed. The life of
the mines, therefore , have already been
greatly shortened. When the Minimum
Wage in the Mining Industry, however,
reaches four pesos ( P4.00 ) per day, which
will be approximately eleven months, from
now, a crisis may well develop. Let it not
be said, at that time , that due warning of
this impending crisis was not issued in
time .
Before the war, the mines were paying
the highest wages to labor and if labor
now can only give the required output per
man , the mine laborer will still receive
higher wages than those available in other
industries.
GOVERNMENT TAXES
With the increased cost of production
of the operating mines, which employ a
big portion of the population and help re
duce the percentage of unemployment, the
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
rate of taxes paid by mining companies
have increased proportionally . Taxes paid
by mining companies in the year 1950 aver
aged 38 % of the net profit for that year
or about 28 % of the gross production of
the mine. Results in 1951 , considering the
higher taxes such as the 17 % Tax on Ex
change, show a poorer return on invested
capital and this is something scarcely con
ducive to attracting capital to new ven
tures, or additional capital to old ventures .
A list of mining taxes paid by mining
companies follows :
1. On Mining Properties :
a . Real Estate tax of P1 per hectare .
b . Improvement 7/8 to 1-1 /4 % on the
gross value .
2. On Production :
a . Ad Valorem tax on gold production
is on a sliding scale basis and aver
age mine pays 7 % of their gross pro
duction.
For Base Metal , the advalorem tax is
1-1 /2 % on gross production.
3. On Supplies, Machinery, and spare parts
a . Dollar Exchange tax of 17 % on dol
lar remittance to pay for supplies,
machineries , etc.
b . A fee of 2 % of the total cost of sup
plies on the license is charged by ICC
c . An excise tax of 7 % on the landed
cost plus additional 25 % of landed
cost for profit to supplies , spare
parts and machinery on incoming
order of mining companies.
d . Fuel oil and gasoline tax
4. Net Profit :
a . Income tax of 27 % of the net profit
for mining corporations .
W. Withholding tax on individual divi
dend .
The above taxes exact a big slice off
the value of the mine products or the net
profit of mine operation. Its final effect
is to lessen the profit from mining with
all the risk involved in its operation . com
pared to the profit from other industries
operating without much risk. so that ven
ture capital becomes hesitant to go into
mining ventures.
To develop a mere prospect into a mine
requires the risk of big capital . This risk
is tremendous . It may require several pros
pects to be explored or developed to pro
duce one paying mine so that the returns
must be at least 12 to 15 % or better to
invite venture capital to develop a new
mine. Government assurance of aid must
also be provided .
MSA HELP
dustrialization program for the country .
Important industries like iron and steel ,
fertilizer, paper, rubber, tiles, etc , are plan ·
ned , but such industries require raw mid
eral materials which the mining industry
will have to supply . In order to fulfill
these requirement successfully , the mining
industry will have to be developed to its
fullest extent .
The development of the mining indus
try needs the full cooperation of the gov
ernment. This cooperation can be in the
form of less government requirements on
mining loans , less burdensome taxes, more
roads to inaccessible mining regions, the
establishment of peace and order in remote
mining localities , more transportation fa
cilities such as railroad , sea , and other
transportation media where initial expen
ses are too heavy for private capital to
shoulder, and training young men for the
mining industry .
The MSA aid will be instrumertal in
1951 - 1952
solving the needs of the mining industry
which the present government can not fi
nancially provide . The mining companies
will welcome any aid from the MSA in the
form of machineries , supplies and spare
parts, roads to the mines, transportation
facilities and loans to deserving old and
newly -opened mines where ore reserves are
reported by an examining engineer accord
ing to best engineering practice, to be suf
ficient to pay back the loan without per
sonal guarantees from the board of direc
tors of the mine concerned .
AID IN FORM OF MACHINERY
Mining machinery , spare parts and
supplies are scarce and under control in
the United States . Local importers under
go great difficulties in ordering them from
the United States . They always have some
trouble in filling out local government ap
plications and after such requirements are
fulfilled , two to six months ' time elapses
before the goods arrive , at which time the
mines have already run out of supplies.
Furthermore, the U.S. government has im
posed some conditions to be performed by
local importers which take time to pre
pare. If these machineries, supplies, che
micals and spare parts are ordered thru
the ECA which is now well informed about
the local mining situation, much time will
be saved and production will be con
tinuous as a result of the steady flow of
supplies .
BUILDING ROADS
The biggest draw-back in opening a
new mine is the road construction which
takes up nearly all , if not all, of an explor
ing company's fund. If such roads can be
built from ECA aid , the company's limited
funds can go a long way in the exploration
and development of prospects. The places
where these roads shall be built can be
determined by the ECA engineers who can
survey the mineral importance of the re
gion and estimate its ore possibilities so as
to assure sufficient tonnage to pay for the
roads later.
TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES
Cheap base-metal ores, like iron, low
grade manganese, refractory chromite, low
grade chromite, sulphur, and quartz sand
have to be transported over long distances
by trucks to reach the pier before loading
on ocean vessels for export . Such present
type of transportation is very expensive,
less efficient , requires too much handling
and causes bigger mineral losses . The es
timated freight rate per ton -kilometer is
about P0.30 and may even cost more . If
bigger tonnage can be hauled by other con
veniences , this figure can be reduced from
P0.30 to P0.04. Of course , the deposit
must be big enough to assure the return
of the investment in putting up the road
and transportation equipment .
Barges for conveying ore from ore - bin
to ocean freighter are few and barging
charge per ton is P10 plus P2 to P3 hand
ling charges, making a total of P12 to P13
per ton . This is a big sum for small oper
ators who mine the ore at high cost and
make only a small margin of profit after
all expenses and barging are accounted for.
There are many small deposits of man
ganese , iron . chromite and copper ore
which can be gathered only by cheap
means of transportation . Present facili
ties and cost will not induce people to ga
ther this dormant mineral wealth of the
country . But with cheap transportation
and good prices offered for the minerals ,
people may be induced to mine the depo
sit .
(Continued on mane 73 )
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 57

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JES The EARNSHAWS DOCKS

MANILA & PHILIPPINES • Offers you
Honolulu Iron Works Co.
HONOLULU HAWAII

Cor. Tacoma & 2nd Sts. Telephone

Port Area , Manila 3-35-41
Branch Office At :
Bacolod, Negros Occ.
TOP SERVICE

REPRESENTING CHANDIS
MERCHANDISING DEPT .
IDLA Representing foremost
( Partial List) U.S. manufacturers, car
1 ALLIS - CHALMERS MFG . CO .
rying complete stocks of
R. K. LeBLOND MACH . TOOL CO . machinery and heavy
AMERICAN TOOL & MACHINE CO . LINK- BELT COMPANY equipment to supply all
AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO . THE LUNKENHEIMER CO . the needs of Philippine
BABCOCK & WILCOX CO . F. E. MYERS BROS . industry .
THE BAYER COMPANY NATIONAL GAS & OIL ENGINE CO .
THE BUDA COMPANY NORTHERN EQUIPMENT CO .
PLIBRICO SAW
THE BUFFALO - SPRINGFIELD ROLLER CO . SIMONDS JOINTLESS FIREBRICK
& STEEL CO. CO . WORKS DEPARTMENT
BUILDERS IRON FOUNDRY
TOWMOTOR CORPORATION Shops fully equipped with
CHICAGO FIREBRICK COMPANY the latest Machine Tools,
TOWNER MANUFACTURING CO .
CHICAGO PNEUMATIC TOOL CO, Foundry and Plate Shops
UNION SPECIAL MACHINE CO . ready to service the
THE FALK CORPORATION IND VANY OTHERS. Mining Sugar, Lumber
and other industries in
the Philippines .

ESTIMATES FURNISHED ON REQUEST

NEW YORK OFFICE OFFICE and WORKS
165 BROADWAY AT HONOLULU and HILO

58
PHILIPPINE HIGHWAYS
Past Secretary of Public Works and Communications
I is a little emphasized fact but never
theless true that the onward march of
civilization has always been preceded by
a pa llel progress in transportation .
parallel
From the remote past to contemporary
times , history has shown that commerce ,
industry and literature have progressed
hand in hand with transportation . In
deed , advancement and development of
the means of locomotion are necessary re
quisites to the advancement of any na
tion not only in her commerce , trade and
industry but also in her culture .
Conversely, therefore , the advanced
economic state of any country demons
trates the quality and efficiency of her
transportation system of her highways ,
her railroads, her airlines and her ship
ping. We can find no better example to
illustrate this point than the United States,
the most highly industrialized country in
tie world and which has among the high
est standards of living. The United
States as we all know has the most effi
cient and greatly advanced transporta
tion system in the whole world . Her con
crete and strong highways crisscross the
American continent, her safe and conve
nient railroad service are the envy of
her air facilities are the
the world and
best. On the contrary , the backward
countries have outmoded means of trans
portation and have poor and inefficient
highways. Their most popular means of
locomotion are the camels which are ve
ry slow travelers.
Throughout Asia a new era is dawning .
Proposed improvement at the Luneta, Manila , being underta ken by the department of public works and communications.
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
By SOTERO BALUYUT
Peoples who for centuries had wallowed
in the quagmire of colonial mentality have
awakened to their own capabilities and
have began to attain confidence in their
own selves to carve their own future .
Many had striven to throw off the yoke
of foreign rule and several have succeed-
ed . The tutorship of the great American
on his Filipino brother has been with-
arawn , gracefully, willingly and lovingly.
The Filipino is grateful and anxious to
show that the 50 years of American tutor-
ship in democracy and self - rule had not
been in vain . India, after years of agita-
tion and fighting, became finally free.
And Indonesia after a bloody revolution
finally got her independence from the
Dutch and created a Republic of her
own .
Whence come all these and why ? Part
ly because the progress of transportation
in Asiatic countries had improved consid
erably and led to the interchange of ideas.
inevitably causing the spread of what the
West calls the “ nationalistic feeling.”
Progress in sea, land and air travel had
made the world smaller and the progress
in one country could not be contained in
that country alone but had to spread to
others.
The Philippines , in a modest way , had
contributed to this progress .
LAND TRANSPORTATLON
The past fifty years has seen the
Philippines metamorphose from a horse-
and -buggy era to an era of buses " as big
as houses" and powerful modern vehicles
delle
Red
-
1951 - 19
The island of Luzon is criscrossed with
concrete , paved and strong highways
which reach every important town anc
even the remote barrios adding new vi
gor to the exchange of products and to
the advance of trade and commerce. A
ride in any of Luzon's highways reveals
sights of modern buses and trucks plying
between progressive towns and cities. Al
most now out of existence are the carrete
las and carabao-drawn vehicles which two
generations ago were so prevalent .
Although great strides in transportation
in Luzon and some major islands in the
Visayas have been taken , it is however un
fortunate to note that Mindanao, the
Philippines most potentially rich region in
natural and mineral resources , is barely
scratched by the highway system so in
dispensable to the commercial and indus
trial life of any nation . The development
of this region has been set back primarily
because of this great hindicap.
However, the planners of Philippine eco
nomy who dream of a great industrial and
agricultural nation have drawn up blue
prints of chalking numerous roads , high
ways and bridges across the unexplored
face of Mindanao to make it more acces
sible to pioneers and builders. With aid
from the program for highway develop
ment in Mindanao has passed the blue
print stage . Although the country will re
ceive only capital equipment, steel and
technical assistance through the MSA
(Mutual Security Agency ) , still such would
be great help to the highway development
of the Philippines .
openload
 16

59
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
The progress in transportation made in
any country can be traced through the
number of vehicles present in that coun
try and the number of type of highways
which are maintained and in use in that
place.

AY At present, there are 101,683 vehicles re

gistered all over the islands. All of these,
however, are not for public use. A quick
appraisal of the figures will reveal
in a space of a decade, despite the great
that

setback of three years of Japanese occu

pation , the number of vehicles for public
use had shot up to a considerable figure .
The records from the Motor Vehicles Of
fice are as follows :
As of January to June 30, 1952
A. AUTOMOBILL :
Manila Provinces T'tals
1. Private 13,168 20,576 33,744
2. PU 18 391 409
3. AC 2,236 2,893 5,129
4. G 4 14 18
on is crisCre: 5. Taxi 1,607 522 2,129
and strong and 6. PI 2,360 795 3,155
important Totals 19,393 23,191 44,524
arrios adding a B. TRUCKS :
1. T 6.080 19,234 25,314
ge of products 1 2. TH 462 776 1,238
3. TPU 3,994 9,579 13,573
.de and comina 4. TPI 2,012 1,409 3,421
zon's highway 5. TG
6. TC 243 2 245
uses and truck 7. S 324 558 882
8. U 80 92 172 A concrete highway cn Luon which has ? rought speed and convenience to highway
towns and cite users .
istence are the Totals 13,195 31,650 44,845
C. TRAILERS :
iwn vehicles 1. TR 379 722 1,101
try has for the last decade increased by islands, according to needs of each , no
'e so prevalect 2. TRH 10 10 leaps and bounds. However, it is a sad thing would be wasted and the economic
rides in trase Totals 379 732 1,111 fact that a great number of these vehicles development of the country would receive
· major island :D.1. MOTOR CYCLES : are concentrated in Manila and in Luzon . a further boost. But again this is depend
MC 390 1,018 1,498
aken, it is hoe 2. PIMC 82 27 109 In Manila, the congestion of all kinds of ent on the highway system which if im
that Minder
Totals 472
buses and jeepneys had caused a perennial proved would induce some of these waste
1,045 1,517
itentially rich SUMMARY : traffic problem and added to the easy ful vehicles to go to far away places to
al resources , A.
B.
AUTOMOBILES
TRUCKS
44,584 wear-and-tear of the roads and highways . engage in far more productive enterpris
44,845 es, like logging, carrying minerals from
highway systez C. TRAILERS 1.111 It has also led to a great waste in gasoline
commercial a D. MOTORCYCLES 1,517 and spare parts for which the country has mines to their ports of departure and other
tion. The der GRAND TOTAL 92 ሳ 57 to pay for in precious hoarded dollars. such kindred tasks in the building of an
been set back i It therefore can be seen that the num If these buses , trucks and jeepneys for industrial nation .
at hindicap. ber of motor vehicles for hire in the coun hire are distributed evenly throughout the The increase of vehicles in use through
nners of Philippi
E a great india
have dranz
numerous suas
Pioneer American Insurance Organization
across the man
o make it mir !
nd builders
for highway
has passed 2 FIRE AND DWI
E

ALLIED LINES DE
NC

gh the country
LA

equipment,
TY
* CASUAL
through 13
gency ), still salu
e highway denia
* MARINE BILE
* AUTOMO
com MANO

REINSUR
A NCE
ATUPA
PI

AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL UNDERWRITERS

FOR THE PHILIPPINES , INC.
Arthur H. Henderson
President

Representatives in Principal Cities throughout Philippines and the World

Main Office : Branch Office :
7th Floor , Wilson Building 2nd Floor, Osmeña Bldg.
Juan Luna Street Magallanes Street
Manila Cebu City
CABLE “ UNDERITERS " .
Telephones : 2-98-36 , 2-98-87 & 2-98-88

60
out the islands has also led to increase
revenue for the government. During the
fiscal year 1950 to 1951 , the Motor Vehi
cles Office collected P17,767,597.57 from the
registration of motor vehicles alone . Such
a large amount naturally increases the na
tion's capacity to improve her economy and
realize her dream of being self -sufficient
and progressive .
In Manila alone , the total collection
from registration and licenses fees, from
January to March , 1952 amounted to P3,
421,073.43 . Collections from provinces
show a tremendous increase which doubles
the collections in the city .
Just after liberation, it was to be ex
pected that most of the transportation fa
cilities of the country would be provided by
those of army origin . Nevertheless, the
army type which has been prevalent dur
ing the early days after the Liberation ,
are gradually vanishing and are being re
placed by commercial types which now
constitute more than 60 per cent of the
transportation facilities of the country.
It should also be noted in passing that
the importation of more motor vehicles in
to the country has been somewhat slow
ed down by the imposition of controls to
conserve the Philippines' fast dwindling
supply of dollars . With the advent of
normal times such as the stop to the hot
The four-span Quirino bridge crossing the mighty Abra river was built through the financial support of the US government.
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
war in Korea and the cold war all over
the globe , the prices of motor vehicles are
expected to go down and consequently a
greater supply of transportation facilities
may be allowed to enter the country.
Railway service in the Philippines is
government-controlled . The Manila
Railroad Company which operates in
Luzon has encountered deep financial dif
ficulties and the Bell Mission which came
to the Philippines over two years ago to
make an appraisal of Philippine economy
has suggested a complete technical and
management survey to save “ an essential
part of the country's insufficient transpor
tation network ."
To date, the Manila Railroad Company
has begun in a modest way to return to
its pre-war standard . It suffered great
losses during the war when 85 per cent
of its locomotives , 75 per cent of its pas
senger coaches and 50 per cent of its
freight cars and all its rail motor cars
were destroyed . Its losses were estimated
at P120 million . Congress at the end of
the war approximated only P20 million
for its rehabilitation . Faced with strict
competition by more efficient bus services,
the passenger service of the MRR faced a
bleak future .
To counteract the competition offered
by private bus companies , the MRR oper
6.3948 47 SE
N
1951 - 1952
Irrigation system that of the Sta. Lucia
Candon , Ilocos Sur, inaugurated June 2 ,
1951 and irrigates around 2,000 hectares,
a major public works project.
ated the Baguio Auto Lines ( B.A.L. ) and
the Luzon Bus Lines ( L.B.L. ) . The im
portance of the MRR in the industrial
development of the country, however, can
not be gainsaid . Due to its low cost and
dependability, industrial and commercial
enterprises in Luzon have depended al
most entirely on the MRR for the trans
portation of their products to the harbors
for transportation to other countries.
Among the industries served by the MRR
are the sugar, the lumber, the mining,
the copra and petroleum industries. Due
to few improvements it had made in a few
years, the company is now thinking of ex
tending the Tarlac -San Jose, Nueva Eci
ja, line to Echague, Isabela, thus serving
the rich Cagayan Valley. This would re
sult in the easy transportation of Cagayan
valley products such as rice , tobacco, corn
and livestock and would serve as stimulus
for other extensions of the railroad .
Despite the great advance made in the
acquisition of transportation facilities
of heavier, faster and more modern vehi
cles -
the highway system in the Philip
pines has not been in keeping with time.
Statistics show that the total of kilo
meters of all kinds of roads and highways
in existence in the country as of June 30,
1951 , was 27,896.9 kilometers . Of this
about 54 per cent are below desirable
standards . It has already been pointed
out that the inadequacy of roads in Min
danao had proved a handicap to the agri
cultural and industrial program of the
government. Farmers had to provide cost
ly private roads which tax inuch on pri
vate resources in order that their products
could be brought to places accessible by
the modern means of travel.
The following table gives the number of
highways in use in the Philippines as of
June 30, 1951. They are classified accord
ing to surface type and class.
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 6 !

UVERPASS BRIDGE
3 3

A million - peso overpass bridge across the San Pedro river in Laguna is under construction. A'three- span bridge, it is 324 feet long.

NATIONAL ROADS used to measure the conditions and needs

Type of 1st cl . 2nd cl. 3rd cl . Total of the present road system, the records
Pavement ( km . ) ( kms. ) ( kms . ) (kms.) show that there are still 5,571.5 kilometers
High Type 1465.8 16.2 % 1465.8 11.8 % or 22 per cent of the total provincial roads
Intermediate 1379.0 15.3 % 1370.0 11.1 % which fall below tolerable standards."
Gravel 6173.0 68.5 % 2646.2 99 % 64.3 9.3 % 8883.5 71.6 % With regard to bridges, ferries and other
Earth 27.2 1.0 % 625.6 90.7 % 652.8 5.5 %
road structures in the provincial and na
TOTAL 9017.8 100 % 2673.4 100 % 689.9 100 % 12381.1 tional systems, there are about 7,092 of
them now is use . Of these , more than
PROVINCIAL ROADS 72 per cent are temporary wooden struc
Type of 1st cl . 2nd cl. 3rd cl . Total tures with an economic life expectancy of
Pavement ( km . ) ( kms . ) ( kms . ) ( kms.) from three to six years . Of the 6,011
High Type 1.3 %
structures so far inventoried , 88 per cent
182.5 3.7 % 182.5
Intermediate 477.6 9.8 % 477.6 3.5 % are one -lane facilities.
Gravel 4229.3 86.5 % 4644.0 94.8 % 151.6 4.1 % 9024.0 66.8 % A more comprehensive list of all types
Earth 247.8 5.2 % 3593.8 95.9 % 3841.6 28.4 % of bridges, pontoons and ferries in exist
TOTAL 4889.3 100 % 4891.8 100 % 3745.5 100 % 13526.6 100 % ence in the country as of June , 1951 , gives
a total of 9,127,, having an aggregate to
CITY ROADS tal of 177,720.8 iineal meters . Of this , 7,
Type of 1st cl . 2nd cl . 3rd cl . Total 372 or 81 per cent were of temporary
Pavement ( km . ) (kms.) ( kms. ) ( kms . ) construction , or ferries or fords involving
High Type 168.0 20.3 % 168.0 8.4 % 127,271.4 lineal meters or 71 per cent of the
Intermediate 208.6 25.1 % 208.6 10.5 % total length of all structures.
Gravel 451.8 54.6 % 610.6 99.9 % 80 14.6 % 1142.4 57.3 % It has been pointed out that there were
Earth 0.5 0.1 % 469.7 84.4 % 470.2 23.8 % a great many roads sections of the sur
TOTAL 828.4 100 % 611.1 100 % 549.7 100 % 1989.2 100 % face types in the Island's highway network
that have ages ranging from two to four
SUMMARY OF STREETS OF ALL TYPES times their respective economic age li
AND CLASSES IN THE PHILIPPINES rest consist of high type which is only 6.5 mits . There were also in existence many
AS OF JUNE 1951 per cent and the intermediate type which highway lines which were carrying weights
is only 7.4 per cent. and volumes far in excess for which they
High Type 1816.3 kms . 6.5 %
An analysis made by Isaias Fernando,
2065.2 were intended . And due to neglect and
Intermediate 7.4 %
director of Public Works, based on the
Gravel 19050.8 68.3 % lack of appropriation , many roads have
above table follows : not been receiving the proper mainte
Earth 4964.6 17.8 %
TOTAL 27896.9 kms. 100 % " Basing on a set of engineering stand nance .
ards of highways being adopted by the Bu But that is not all there is as to why
The table above shows that the main reau of Public Works , 9533.5 kilometers or Philippine progress in highway facilities
bulk of the Philippine highway system 77 per cent of the 12,381.1 kilometers of had not been able to keep up with auto
consists mostly of low-grade roads such as national roads and 5,410.6 kilometers or 40 motive progress . It must be remembered
earth and gravel which as shown by the per cent of 13,526.6 kilometers of provin that the effort to modernize the trans
above table constitutes 86.1 per cent of the cial roads are below desirable standards . portation system in this country is only
entire road system of the country. The If a quite inferior kind of " yardstick ” is ( Continued on page 65 )

62
CONSTRUCTION PROGRESS
Past President, Philippine Contractors Association
ASSone travels and looks at highways ,
buildings, ports and harbors that now
embellish the skylines of the islands that
compose our archipelago , one cannot help
recalling the gory picture that was the
Philippines seven years ago. How the Phil
ippines has been told by many people ,
number of them competent to talk on the
subject because they, in one way or another
have contributed in carrying out the job of
reconstruction and rehabilitation . There is ,
however a group of persons , who had con
tributed a sizeable share to the task of re
constructing and rebuilding the country.
The rebuilding of the country is about
completed we are now building a new
country.
Postwar rehabilitation in the Philip
pines calls not only for the rebuilding of
the old but covers the construction of the
new so much so that the face of the na
tion's landscape has improved to the ex
tent that foreigners who visited the Phil
ippines just after the liberation and who
revisited the country later are surprised
at the Phoenix - like rise of this country
from the rubbles of war.
The Philippine Contractors Association
composed of men who have put their per
sonal interest second only to the nation's
rehabilitation has contributed a great deal
in the rebuilding of our war -devastated
country. The same contractors are doing
the splendid job of helping build a new
country.
The contractors are inextricably link
ed with every undertaking, big and small,
and their completed projects stand out as
shining examples of our engineering skills
and our capacity to build .
During the fight for liberation , the
majority of this group were engaged in
The College of Liberal Arts Building of the University of
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
By EDUARDO ESCOBAR
constructing temporary bridges and en
campments then under fire by the enemy
oftentimes . Many started in the construc
tion business with a modest capital. Some
made good, but like in any other business ,
a number have closed shop .
a
The boom of postwar construction per
iod started just after the Philippine Reha
bilitation Act No. 1946 was passed by the
United States Congress. Under this act
P80 million was set aside for the repair
and reconstruction of war - damaged roads
and bridges and P80 thousand for the
training of engineers in modern highway
engineering .
Title III of the PRA of 1946 was adopt
ed as a manifestation of goodwill to the
Filipino people ,” authorized the expendi
ture of P240,000,000 ( m ) for the restora
tion and improvement of public property
and essential public services. Of
amount, the United States -Philippine War
Damage Commission was allocated P110 ,
500,000 for the rehabilitation of public pro .
perty .
The amount of P35,600,000 was allocat
ed for the repair and improvement of ports
end harbors in the Philippines by the same
act. The act stipulated also that all re
habilitation work on the ports and harbors
which would fall under the purview of the
act would be undertaken under the super
vision of the U.S. army whose local agen
cy was the Manila Engineering District
( MANED) , U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
We shall not say we did most of the
work, but we can say we did our part. In
the words of U.S. Ambassador Myron M.
Cowen, “ the newly made facilities we now
observe as a consequence of this program ,
could not be realized however, without the
aid of many hand, both Filipino and Amer
ican, Filipino technicians, engineers, busi
thePhilippines at Diliman . one of the major postwar constructions.
11
-
1951 - 1952
nessmen and as well as laborer have shown
the world a pattern of friendly, willing and
cooperative effort between peoples in order
to build a better world ."
To evaluate better the progress attain
ed , let it be stated here that due to the
last war, our country's progressive highway
system of 23,500 kilometers suffered tre
mendous destruction and damage . Of the
permanent-type bridges, 621 were either
destroyed or damaged and of the wooden
bridges, 3,000 needed replacement because
they were either destroyer or have deter
iorated for lack of maintenance. The high
way surfaces and pavements were mostly
destroyed by abnormal military traffic and
have greatly deteriorated due to the almost
four years of enforced neglected mainten
ance .
this Thus, immediately after the return of
the Commonwealth Government after lib
eration, there was no alternative but to
start practically from scratch , devote a
great part of time to planning and under
take only the immediate needs of the
country for limited and essential efforts
which had to contend with high cost and
scarcity of construction materials , lack of
adequate equipment and increased cost of
labor .
In spite of so many handicaps, there
had been undertaken in the short period
of four years from 1946 to 1950, highway
projects which normally would have taken
much longer time to accomplish. All pre
war national, provincial, and city roads of
23,500 kilometers in length were opened to
traffic. A total of 3,670 kilometers wer ?
added to the road systems so that there
are now 27,170 kilometers of roads main
tained and opened to traffic . Of the pre
war temporary wooden bridges, a total of
4,384 bridges were either repaired or re
 1951-1: 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 63

S
*persone

have some ID
, willing
ples in e

gress atte A huge low - cost housing project has been built at the Quirino District, Quezon City, as shown in above photograph .
due to:
sive high
uffered : constructed . The 242 Bailey bridges with a Laguna costing P700.000 is also expected contractors did their share. The La Union ,
age. Ofi Total span of 10,219 meters were installed Soon
Rizal and Misamis Oriental Provincial Ca
were e
at a cost of P6,650,000. For the years 1945, Building Construction pitols were undertaken by this group . In
the wor 1947, 1948 and up to December 21 , 1949 , the The Cebu Portland Cement Company the University of the Philippines construc
Lent beca National Government had spent a total building at the Muele de la Industria will tion job, six prominent contractors con
have det of P10,843,113.68 for roads and bridges , ex be opened to the public by the middle of this structed and rehabilitated eight buildings
The La ( lusive of U.S. allocations and pork barrel year, 1952. In the construction of capitols , in the rolling four hundred ninety three
were me funds.
traffic The last session of the first Philippine
the albe congress did not pass the public works bill
ed maint? and again in the first session of the sec
ond Philippine Congress, the public works
bill failed to pass in the senate .' So, thus
e retur for two years , we did not have money
t after
tive bu
.. deport
enough to maintain our public service and
utilities , like irrigation . highways , bridges ,
Bulwark of Freedom
ports and harbors .
and und
eds of Contractors' Role on Bridges
tial eltr Majority of the big reconstruction or The philosophy of conflict
ch cost 2 construction bridge projects throughout
between Right and Wrong
als, larki the Philippines were handled by the local
sed com contractors , mostly members of the PCA. has undergone a significant
Just to mention a few of the bridges
development.
done, which is a tangible proof of Filipino
caps. the engineering ability are the Plaridel Bridge Today,
dort pe ( Agno ) in Pangasinan which is considered
0. high the longest bridge in the Philippines cost the crucial struggle ;
nave a
. All
y road
ing P1,417,390 ; General Luna Bridge in Nue
va Ecija , second longest bridge ; Bued
bridge in Pangasinan also, which before its
☺ between Freedom and Tyranny
is being fought
opened reconstruction was a traffic hindrance dur not just with bullets and bombs
eters te ing rainy season because motor vehicles
that the have to detour alyong the Kennon road : -but with words-millions of words,
ads nei Quirino bridge in Bantay , Ilocos Sur across printed and spoken .
I the or the famous Abra-Ilocos Sur gap . In Ma
a cota And the battlefields
nila, this group has done the reconstrur
red c! tion of all bridges crossing the Pasig Ri are the minds of people everywhere .)
ver ; namely the MacArthur bridge former
ly Sta. Cruz ; Quezon, Ayala, and Jones Today,
bridges .
uction One prominent contractor , a member
of the PCA, is now undertaking most of
2 what a people believes
wields a tremendous influence
the National Power Corporation road and on how their Nation
4

other projects within the Maria Cristina

398

hydro -electric site and Bureau of Public behaves towards other nations ...
Works bridge projects in Mindanao . The And the printed word
completion of the Naguilian river bridge in
<

Isabela province is expected momentarily . is a factor

3

This bridge when completed will once and essential to the cultivation
for all relieve and will help a lot in thº
economic prosperity of this tobacco region , of the beliefs of peoples.
for it will connect both sides of the river
delta. At present , a ferry is used to trans
port vehicles from one side to another .
This project is financed by the Philippine
Menzi & CO. , INC.
Rehabilitation Act of 1946, and with the ) M Henri Building · Roing Regente Solar, Manila, Tel. 2-19-2 )
approaching deadline for completion -that
is June 30, 1952 — the bridge must be com Your paper manufacturers supply a commodity
pleted in order that the U.S. dollars al vital to the heroic crusade against Oppression ,
located for that project not be reverted
to the United States treasury . The com
pletion of the Sta. Rosa diversion road in philprom
 64
hectares site in the northeastern Quezon
City , all before deadline.
United States- Philippine War Dam
age Commission allocated the amount of
12 million pesos for the University, P1 mil
lion of which was
scientific
spent for
equipment and books, P2 million for the
rehabilitation of the buildings , and P9
million for the new project in Diliman .
Road Construction
In road construction job , the local
contractors undertook most of the projects .
One of the most important achievements
two years ago was the resurfacing and pav
ing of more than one million square me
ters of road and highway area valued to
millions of pesos. Though the capitol site
is still a site without a building , the road
leading to che future home of our nation
al government has been completed . It
is noteworthy to mention here that in these
projects was the first time the native
Rock
road-paving material—the Leyte
Asphalt — was used in Manila . The paving
material is mined in Villaba , Leyte .
In the big road construction jobs out
side of Manila , many prominent contract
ors did their share . Some did not profit
as much as has been expected but their
performance in the job was magnificent
which drew praises from the top engineers
of the United States Bureau of Public
Roads and the Philippine Bureau of Pub
lic Roads .
In Ilocos Sur, the Abra river-Bantay
road which for years had been a traffic
trouble to motorists has been paved with
concrete . So is the San Juan -San Fer
nando national road and in Pangasinan ,
and the Villasis -Urdaneta road and the
Bantay- Sto. Domingo road in Ilocos Sur .
Irrigation Construction
In the economic rehabilitation pro
gram as planned by President Quirino, we
again undertook the excavation and con
struction of the main canal and construc
tion of the division works in the 10 million
pesos Pampanga River Irrigation project
in Rizal, Nueva Ecija . This project is
considered to be the biggest single irriga
tion project in the country. It is note
worthy to inention here that the contract
ors and their crews, were constructing the
main system of the project only a few
miles from the site of the notorious " Sta
lin University" where Huk die-hards and
combat fighters were being reportedly in
doctrinated and trained at that time .
Likewise, the Gumaca River irrigation
project in Quezon Province and Padad Ri
ver Irrigation project in Davao are being
constructed . Our two PCA member com
panies are rushing the completion of the
Sto . Tomas river irrigation project in
Zambales which will cost P3 million .
Ports and Harbors
Most of the port and harbor rehab
ilitation projects during the last four
years was financed by the United States
government wholly or partially under the
provisions of PRA of 1946.
However , there were three importani
rehabilitation jobs which are worth men
tioning and one project will go down in
history as a shining example of Filipino
engineering ability and unity to do a giv
en task .
The P10,808,000 Pier 9 stands today as
the most monumental and largest single
construction job ever undertaken by Fil
ipino contractors .
It was a distinctive joint cooperative
effort . It was a saga of a construction
achievemen : made possible by the un
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
faltering faith among those in whose
hands the undertaking was entrusted .
But more important in this one sin
gle achievement than the victory of a
faith was the significance of the com
pletion of the project. In the words of
Prospero C. Sanidad , then , former Sec
retary of Public Works and Communica
tions . the " success of the undertaking
augurs well for the future of Filipino con
tractors and constitutes a patent proof
of their technical capacity and general
ability to carry out great engineering proj
ects."
In short the undertaking is a tribute
to Filipino ingenuity in the field of engi
ncering construction ,
Significantly, with the completion of
Pier 9 the perennial headache of the cus
toms authorities in connection with port
congestion had been greatly eased .
Since liberation the greatest problems
confronting the government relative to
Philippine maritime commerce has been
inadequacy of port and harbor facilities
The award for the reconstruction of
Pier 9 , formerly Pier 5 before the war, was
given to the Contractors Syndicate No. 1 ,
Inc. , which was composed of leading Fil
ipino contractors. It was formed on March
22 , 1947. At that time it was foreseen that
a combine such as the Contractors Syndi
cate No. 1 must be organized to meet the
demand that would inevitably arise with
the coming of United States funds for the
reconstruction of the damaged public
works projects in the Philippines .
There were views expressed in many
quarters during this period as to the
ability of Filipino contractors in under
taking jointly rehabilitation projects. Even
American authorities had misgivings as
to the capacity of the syndicate to suc
cessfully complete the rehabilitation of
Pier 9 within the specified period. What
happened afterwards was a matter of rec
ord. The pier was delivered complete and
ready for maritime traffic four months
ahead of the scheduled time.
The record achievement Impressed
even the skeptics . Commenting on the
completed project . Kenneth C. Harwood
said :
Plaza Latvlon, below , has new traffic lanes specially designed to facilitate the flow
or traffic in this busy center.
1951 - 1952
" Pier 9 is a monument to cooperative ef
fort that prevailed throughout the con
struction between Americans and Filipi
nos as well as among themselves."
Mentio: 2 here must be made of the
generosity of the Philippine National Bank
in extending credit facilities to the syn
dicate .
Pier 13 is constructed by an Amer
ican contracting company, a member of
the PCA , is located at the Manila South
Harbor wherein piers are assigned odd
numbers as distinguished from the Manila
North Harbor where piers are given even
numbers. It is the second biggest project
under the direction of the Manila Dis
trict, Corps of Engineers , U.S. Army, as
authorized by the Philippine Rehabilita
tion Act of 1946. It involved a total cost
of about P3,200,000 .
The 1951 construction compared well
with 1950 as to the amount involved , but >
lags behind as to quantity. The years 1947
and 1948 were the boom years .
Prices of construction materials in
1951 have been much higher than in 1950 ,
due principally to the Import Control Sys
tem and the Exchange Tax enforcement.
However, the enforcement of the above
resulted in the establishment of factories
to manufacture some critical construction
materials and pave the way to show Fil
ipino ingenuity. Some of these factories
established are the nail , steel , hollow
block , plywood, tile and asbestos roofing.
1952 augurs well for the Philippine
construction business and the projects ir
the ensuing 12 months are just as bright
as the boom in the building field in 1946
49 .
There are four principal reasons why
forecasts for the coming year, as far as
construction and engineering are con
cerned, are painted bright and rosy :
1. The F18,000,000 Veterans Hospital
in barrio Balong -Bato, Quezon City - one
of the biggest single project ever to be
undertaken in the Far East — will be start
ed . This gigantic construction will be
supervised by the Corps of Engineers,
Armed Forces of the Philippines .
2. The commencement of the SCA
sponsored road-building in Mindanao for
which an initial sum of P3 million ECA fund
 64A

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THE GATE TO THE PHILIPPINE INTERNATIONAL FAIR OF 1953

64B

MANILA'S NEW SKYLINE

The Garcia Building on Rizal Avenue

The Rehabilitation Finance

Building
 64C

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 64D

II
1
14

A.
THE VICENTE SINGSON ENCARNACION BUILDING
14L!

THE PHILIPPINE MANUFACTURING BUILDING 21

1951 - 1952
Another bridye, in Banaoang, Ilocos Sur; built after the war.
has been allocated and the corresponding
P10 million Philippine counterpart money
earmarked . Although there is no definite
policy as to who will undertake the con .
struction of these ECA sponsored high
ways , it is most likely that like the
USBPR ( United States Bureau of Public
Roads ) construction projects , these new
highway building projects will be bidded
and and awarded to private contractors .
Under the initial program , 380 kilometers
of " quality " , highways - paved and with
steel and/or steel bridges—will be con
structed in Mindanao along points which
will be announced later . It will take four
years to carry on and complete the more
than 900 kilometers.
3. Millions of pesos will be undoubted
ly appropriated by the Government to
repair and put into shape the portworks,
highways, bridges , public buildings and
other essential facilities which were de
stroyed by the recent typhoons " Amy”
and " Wanda " -two most destructive Pa
cific twisters that wrought widespread ha
voc to Visayan areas in December , 1951 .
4. Government construction will be
given impetus with the P10,000,000 Gov
ernment Enterprises Council building on
Azcarraga corner Quezon Boulevard. head
ing the list of these projects . Government
construction will be coupled with the
usual activities in the private construction
business.
A cursory study of the foregoing four
point reason will convince anyone that
there are bright gays ahead for the con
struction business .
With the movement for better roads.
or the so-called " quality" highways ad
vocated by the ECA, there is no doubt that
our Government will take the necessary
steps to pave and to make all the neces
sary improvements on existing highway
systems. This extensive improvement pro
gram is deemed indispensable to attune
our highways to the vast strides attair.ed
in the technological progress of modern
day motor transportation .
Highways are the arteries of civiliza
tion-the heralds of progress and pros
perity. It is indispensable, therefore, that
the government - our government - adopt
the necessary measures to improve ouk
existing highways as well as build new
road networks , particularly in Mindanao.
Highway funds should be released
exclusively for roads and bridges so that
it will help in bolstering further the gov
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
ernment construction activities .
It is safe to predict that there will
be increased private construction activi
ties with more and more people now in
terested in investing their money in fix
ed assets like residential houses, apart
ment buildings and office edifices . Like
wise, a number of industrial companies
have announced that they will undertake
the construction of modern factories in
keeping with the new industrialization
trend in the nation .
Philippine Highways
( Continued from page 61 )
fifty years old, while in other more pro
gressive countries it has been going on for
centuries. The development and building
of roads and bridges require a great
length of time in preparation and actual
execution . We must be patient before we
could have a satisfactory roadway net
work .
During the Spanish occupation of the
Philippines which extended through a pe
riod of three long centuries , there was on
ly a short period of time during which the
government then existing at that time
made a half -hearted effort to build a
transportation system in the countr.y. But
the roads and bridges then built were of
the outmoded type and mostly of poci
quality . It fell on the Americans to uplift
Philippine highways to more modern
standards . With American know -how and
Philippine industry , the Philippine high
ways system under the US governors -gen
eral and later under the Commonwealth
received great boosts.
( It was during this period that the au
thor had the rare privilege of contribut
ing his modest part in this momentous
undertaking. As provincial governor of
Pampanga in 1925 , I had the honor to lead
in the building of the first concrete road
in the Philippines. It was 28 kilometers
long and proved for the first time making
high - grade highways is sound economy for
it is less expense in the long run as it needs
less maintenance. This is the first con
crete pavement highway in the Far East.)
This road-building era lasted until 1941
when the Pacific war broke out . By that
time , the Philippines had one of the best
roadway networks in the Far East . But
three long years of Japanese occupation ,
of political and economic blackout, of des
65
pair and hope , led to the deterioration
and decay of the Philippine highway sys
tem . Liberation found the Philippines
beginning from a shoestring to rebuild
her transportation facilities
The United States Bureau of Public
Roads ( U.S.B.P.R. ) has drawn up a six
point plan that would strengthen and
streamline the Philippines' highway sys
tem . The plan is as follows :
1. Reorganization of the outmoded
highway division in the Bureau of Pub
lic Works .
2. Long range planning of needed fa
cilities based upon traffic and economic
studies.
3. Mechanization of equipment and
the training of maintenance crews.
4. Technical training of division of
highways personnel.
5. Technical advisory assistance from
the U.S. for several years .
6. Removal of highway funds and or
"
ganization from “ political circles . ”
It is estimated that around P225 million
is needed for improvements alone to raise
the Philippine highway system to desirable
standards. With the present trend of high
way revenues available for maintenance ,
improvement, reconstruction and con
struction estimated at P90 million for
the fiscal year 1952 this gigantic im
-
provement work cannot be accomplished
in less than ten years. The work involves
the selection and execution of a limited
number from numerous projects and a most
skillful and intelligent task to choose
which project would best meet the pre
sent demands and yet service the nation
properly in the future .
In order that a sound highway system
should be established in the Philippines,
there should first be detailed , intelligent
and scientific programming and planning .
Roads and bridges should be designed not
only to meet present demands but also
future needs. A highway of poor qual
ity in the long run entails more expense
for the government which has to spend
a lot of time, money and effort into its
maintenance and repair. Then too, the
roads will have to be built with an eye to
the safety of the travelers . Curves and
street intersections should be construct
ed properly and standard signs should be
placed at every necessary part of the
road to pi rly warn motorists of what
lies ahead .
A complete and comprehensive data of
road statistics and history must also be
on hand to provide for a basis of detailed
programming of the highway system . The
best method for the construction and
maintenance of roads would not be cer
tain nor even apparent without a detailed
description of what transpired in the
past . The same would be true with regard
to sound highway financing and taxing
These data, and statistics should include
not only those found in the Philippines ,
but also those in other countries espe
cially those with advanced highway net
works . These should be studied and the
results of the study applied to the making
of a lasting and economical transporta
tion system in the country.
Realizing the importance of keeping an
all-comprehensive and reliable statistics
on the highway system , a committee of ex
perts of the Economic Commission for
Asia and the Far East (ECAFE ) . meeting
(Continued on page 80)
66
Auto Problems
BY PHILIPPINE AUTOMOTIVE DISTRIBUTORS
ASSOCIATION
THE natural rejoinder to our subject
heading will probably be “ We have our
problems, too !" . For indeed , it is diffi
cult to conceive of any worthwhile under
taking that is not faced with problems.
All business operations have always had
problems, many of them peculiar to the
nature of business — while others are of a
nature common to all business operations.
Today, we have, in addition to the usual
or normal problems, many special prob
lems created as a result of conditions pre
vailing locally and overseas.
This group statement of problems of the
automotive distributors is not intended to
be the minutes of a meeting of the “Griev
ances Board." Crying, however soul con
soling, will not solve any problems. It is
our thought that in stating our prob
lems--and indicating solutions where
such within local
are reach — persons
interested in and concerned with the fac
tors affecting the problems may in some
way assist us in solving the same . Also , it
is our thought that persons who are in
some way or another affected by the prob
lems of PADA members, although not di
rectly concerned with the solutions, wiil
gain a better understanding of the prob
lems besetting automotive distributors.
Supply Of Automotive Products
Although most importers of hard goods
will find 1952 a more difficult year, in
sofar as supply from overseas is concern
ed, automotive products will probably be
among the most difficult to procure .
Production is being severely curtailed :
Vehicle production in the USA is expected
to be only 60 % to 65 % of 1951 production .
Furthermore, a substantial amount of this
production may be absorbed by military
and governmental needs.
Spare parts are already difficult to pro
cure on early deliveries. With the increas
A filling station which is the center of attention of car owners, a familiar object in the
national scene
0 overhead which is such a large percent
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
ing scarcity of steel and copper for civil
ian goods, delivery positions may be ex
pected to deteriorate further .
In the face of difficulties at the sup
pliers ' end, we are faced with the restric
tions of import control and exchange con
trol . We have no complaint against these
controls. There seems to be very little ar
gument on their necessity at the present
time . However, the controls have made it
difficult for PADA members to enter firm
orders with their suppliers in order that
scheduled production may be properly
allocated. Even in normal times, most
factories require firm orders about four
months in advance. Today, with the tight
supply situation in the USA, most sup
pliers have become increasingly strict re
garding advance orders and licenses - in
hand requirements. There is less inclina
tion on the part of the suppliers to
" stretch things ” in order to accommodate
overseas distributors.
While there is nothing that can be done
at this end regarding the basic suppiy
shortages, we can obtain a somewhat bet
ter factory allocation if control conditions
here are so designed as to enable import
ers to ascertain their import license posi
tion at least six months in advance . This
will enable importers here to place firm
commitments with the factories, thus as
sisting the factories in properly distribut
ing their limited production .
A recent news item stated that the Cen
tral Bank was authorizing the ICC to issue
licenses against forward exchange. This
will go a long way in enabling importers
here to effect planned purchasing, and ,
therefore, obtain the maximum factory
allocations.
High Taxes
While it is true that most businesses
generally consider whatever taxes we have
1951 - 1952
to pay " high ", it is nevertheless true that
the present high taxes coupled with rising
costs in the USA and more stringent fl
nancing requirements ( as a consequence
of the Central Bank's credit control mea
sures ) make it extremely difficult for au
tomotive distributors to meet the normal
sales requirements of the market.
It is generally known that most auto
mobiles and trucks are purchased on ins
tallment terms. This is particularly true
in the case of trucks. Very few customers
are able to purchase units on straight cash
terms. However, under the conditions des
cribed in the foregoing it is becoming in
creasingly difficult for automotive distri
butors to meet the installment sales re
quirements of the market . Before the pro
ducts even arrive in the Philippines, the
distributor has to pay the 2 % import con
trol license fee, the 17 % exchange tax
and the margin on the letter of credit
which under the present Central Bank
regulations governing commercial banks
comes to from 50 % to 80 % . All the above
have to be paid out from four to six
months before the merchandise actually
arrives in the Philippines. The normal
installment sale requirements call for a
down payment of from 40 % to 60 % , with
the balance payable in from six to twelve
months . In some cases, the down pay
ment barely covers the taxes and fees paid
out. In the case of the more expensive au
tomobiles, which have to pay large luxury
taxes, the down payment will not even
cover the pre-paid sales tax — to say noth
ing of the exchange tax and license
fees . Under the above conditions, it is
easy to see that automotive distributor3
require a tremendous amount of working
capital to stay in business at all.
Credit facilities are difficult to obtain
at the present time because of the gen
erally tight money supply situation . Au
tomotive distributors cannot simply
shrug their shoulders and tell their cus
tomers that they are no longer in a posi
tion to finance installment sales. Aside
from the fact that business would come
to a standstill, the taking of such a posi
tion by the automotive distributors would
choke the supply of vehicles to individuals
and firms engaged in rendering essential
services to the public.
All importers are faced with serious
problems arising from the more stringeni
financing requirements as well as the
substantial exchange tax and license fee
which have to be paid prior to the op
ening of the necessary letter of credit .
However, the position of automotive dis
tributors is unique because their products,
unlike most others, have to be sold on
fairly long financing installment terms.
Overhead Expenses
Very few major businesses carry an
age of its gross sales ( or profit ) . Aside
from the large physical space require
ments of this business, and the finan
cing requirements ( as outlined above ) ,
automotive distributors have to operate
service departments with large overhead
expenses. Service operations are not gen
erally money-making. Even when the serv
ice operations show a profit , the profit 1
is usually a small percentage of the de
partment's expenses . Service departments
are, however , necessary in order to enable
a distributor to sell his products .
In addition , distributors have to carry
a tremendous inventory of spare parts,
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 67
in order to properly support its vehicle
sales. The position of automotive distri
butors here is unique as compared io
the position of US distributors. There are
no jobbers or factory warehouses within
easy reach to supply urgently needed
spare parts on short notice. As a conse
quence, the major automotive distributors
in this country have spare parts inven
tories which run close to P2,000,000.00
each . It is obvious that the interest on
the money so tied up , and the expense of
warehousing such a tremendous quantity
of spare parts come to a sizeable expense
figure. Also, there is the very substantial
obsolescence loss that has to be written
off each year as parts carried for vehicle
models which are retired off the road be
come " unsaleable . "

Used Cars
Under the very large differential be
iween compensating and pre-paid sales
iaxes on automobiles entering this coun
try , a larger and larger number of auto
mobiles are being brought into the
country. Cars are brought in ostensibly
for personal use , but a very large per
centage of them find their way into the
used car market, paying only a fraction of
the taxes which a regular importer has to
pay; these privately imported cars are w
presently underselling the regular auto
motive distributors so severely that most
distributors today hesitate to import au
tomobiles.
While it may appear that the reluci
ance of automotive distributors to import
automobiles has the desired effect of con
serving the country's foreign exchange ,
actually there is no dollar conservation
whatsoever. Common sense tells us that
the vast majority of the over seven hun
dred cars which have been privately
brought in this year ( up to the end of
November ) must have cost the country
as many dollars as it would have cost had
the importation been effected by the dis
tributors. In fact, actually the private
importers generally pay a higher dollar
price than regular automotive distributors ,
so that more dollars have to be used to
cover their importations.
PADA simply wishes to point out that
the large profits which private importers
bi
are making on the importation of cur
rent model used cars has been made en
tirely at the expense of the government.
Their margin of profit is represented en
tirely by the tax differential between the
compensating and pre-paid taxes.
PADA believes that if the taxes are

equalized ( that is, the compensating taxes

made actually " compensating " ) there will
be no incentive to bring in cars privately
for resale . This will enable the govern
ment to collect such taxes as may be due
on all car importations. In passing, PADA
believes that taxes , at least on the low
priced cars, should be reduced in order to
enable distributors to price them within
the reach of people who need this type
of transportation . We also wish to point
out that under the conditions existing to
day, there are actually more high priced
cars entering the country than dealers
normally brought in in pre - control years .
If the high taxes are designed to raise
revenue for the government, the purpose su
is not being achieved , because regular
distributors have stopped bringing the
higher priced cars in. It is somewhat like
killing the goose that lays the golden
eggs — and the goose bringing the higi:
priced cars today lays no golden eggs !
assembling or repairing cars and trucks, not an extraordinary project anymore here.
68 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
0390
PHILIPPINE AIR LINES
OOOOO
One of the newest planes to operate in the Philippines.
Commercial Aviation In The Philippines
By P. C. MORANTTE
IN order to be able to appreciate the tre tions for weather reporting and airways
communications to serve its Clipper ships;
mendous progress of commercial avia
tion in the Philippines, it is necessary to they were located in Catanduanes ( Albay ),
look back to the decade immediately pre Infanta ( Quezon ) , San Fernando (La Un
ion ) and Laoang ( Samar ) . It was not un
ceding the outbreak of World War II and
til 1941 that the government established
briefly assess the country's aviation activi
ties and aeronautical resources. This pe fifteen aeronautical communications sta
riod was marked by courageous attempts tions combined with weather observation
facilities . While these establishments in
on the part of enterprising, local business
men to establish a system of air transpor dicate an increase in aeronautical facili
tation . But their efforts were limited by ties, no real strides in civil or commercial
these factors : ( a ) the poor type of air aviation were made in the country. As a
craft then in use ; ( b ) the lack of adequate matter of fact, the following figures
airfields ; ( c ) the insufficient aeronautical from 1937 to shortly before the bombing
facilities available ; and ( d ) the limited of Manila by Japan - show a declining in
terest in air commerce activities in
number of air transports and of airmen.
Above all, the people's interest in aviation Philippines ( with the exception of
had not yet been aroused to the point where mail and air cargo ) .
the traffic potential gave so much as a pro
mise to the healthy growth of air transport.
Two airlines were started in 1932 , name
ly, the Iloilo - Negros Air Express Company
Revenue Free
( INAEC ) and the Philippine Aerial Taxi Year
Passengers Passengers
Company ( PATCO ) . These companies op
erated until Pearl Harbor, but during all 1937 20,090 2,294
1938 18,860 2,868
the eight years of their existence , they 1939 17,860 4,876
hardly owned more than ten small air 1940 16,209 4,198
1941 10,974 Unavailable
craft between them . Their unduplicated
route cover less than 1000 miles, with * Note : 1941 figures were from January to September only .
scheduled runs to Baguio, Paracale, Iloilo,
Bacolod , Cebu, and occasional flights to By looking at these figures, we can be
other airfields in Luzon , the Visayas and sure that not even the most sanguine op
Mindanao . By 1936 the government had timist then entertained the hope that ten
already secured about thirty- one airfields , years later the Philippines would be able
and by the time the Philippines was invad to boast of an airline which would be rat
ed , there were already around eighty - five ed officially as one of the worid's best ten
" nationally designated " airfields , many of nor that the country would be considered
which were not commercially operational as the leading nation in the Far East in
but simply used as emergency landing fields. sofar as commercial aviation is concerned .
In 1937 the bureau of aeronautics did not The war tremendously gave impetus to
have anything resembling air navigational civil aviation . After the liberation there
aids or airways facilities. In 1935, however, was mass mobility of people who wanted to
the Pan American Airways set up radio sta go from one place to another in urgent
1951 - 1952
hurry, and this naturally created an ideal
climate for the rapid growth of air trans
port. The prewar INAEC and PATCO
( which later became PAL ) were " trans
formed ” to post-war airlines known as the
Far Eastern Air Transport, Inc., (FEATI)
and the Philippine Air Lines ( PAL res
pectively. They resumed regular opera
tions early in 1946, with a combined fleet
of around seventy planes.
FEATI had forty -six aircraft, classified
as follows : 20 C -47's ; 5 C -54's ; 6 C -64's ; and
15 of the L4 and L5 type of aircraft. PAL
had 19 C - 47's and 2 C - 54's . Both the FEATI
the and PAL enjoyed the boom of air traffic.
During the first two months November
air -
and December - of irregular operations by
Table I
( All Domestic )
Mail Air Cargo
Miles Flown
( Los ) (Los)
844,003 5.324 88,600
783,894 8,661 1,043,387
735,930 15,737 3,173,862
661,225 15,856 3,083,416
Unavailable 16,216 55,422
FEATI , it recorded 6,944 passengers trans
ported by air and 202,123 lbs . of air cargo)
that is , averaging 3,472 passengers and
101,064 lbs . of air cargo a month . In 1946
and 1947 these two airlines were joined by
a number of locally registered companies
operating in both the domestic and inter
national fields , among them were the Com
mercial Air Lines (CALI) Insular Airways
Corporation ( INACO ) , Trans -Asiatic Air
lines ( TAA ) , Philippine Air Express. the
Amphibian Airways , and the Pacific Air
 1

1
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 69
ways Corporation . The volume of traffic three years after the liberation is as fol At the close of this year 1951 PAL's oper
of passengers and goods during the first lows :
ations both in the domestic and interna
Table II tional fields will show that it has made
( Domestic and International ) further strides . During the past eleven
months the company has been realizing
Revenue Miles Passenger Hours Mail Air Cargo
Year
Passengers Flown Miles Flown ( Lbs)
substantial financial profits. To cope with
(Lbs)
the increasing traffic demand, PAL has
1946 284,360 6,194,379 61,732,329 44,687 : 10 221,403 15,835,951
1947 321,320
ordered two DC - 6B's which will be used
7,029,208 80,117,010 52,309 : 25 542,478 11,612,161
1948 118,402 20,462 :21
2,727,255 43,570,344 161,766 3,479,288 to complement its present international
fleet . It will use modern aircraft for
It will be noted that in the year 1948 and by June 1948, there was only one “ trunkline" runs in the domestic fields,
there was a sharp decline of revenue pas scheduled domestic airline operating in the
sengers, of air mail , and of general air car having already ordered a Convair which
Philippines , that is, the Philippine Air
go . One reason for this decline is that the Lines . From this date up to the present , the
is a superior aircraft than the DC-3's now
movement of people which came after the in use .
PAL has been carrying the burden of air
end of the war had begun to settle to nor
malcy ; there was also an increase in the transportation in the Philippines . The
medium of surface transportation , partic following statistics reveal the air commerce But the future of our domestic air trans
ularly sea transports; and lastly the con operations of the PAL in the domestic portation depends upon long-ralige poll
solidation of airlines had been effected , field : cies which will be pursued not only by the
airline but also by our government. Their
Table III present policies need reexamination
along the following lines : ( a ) the air
Year Revenue Miles Passenger Hours Miles Air Cargo
Passengers Flown Miles Flown service pattern ( i.e., places served by air
( Kgs) ( Kgs)
1949
lines ) ; ( b ) the type of equipment being
232,678 4,675,949 47,814,563 36,725 :56
1950 224,271 4,073,808 47,961,284
266,470 5,499,441 used for air transportation ; ( c ) the de
1951 * 32,200 : 10 172,596 5,417,155
146,071 2,119,167 31,039,192 16,856 :35 sign of provincial airports; (d ) the di
79,256 2,767,496

rection of traffic potentials should be

* Note : The 1951 figures are only for six months
January to June. Bangkok. Most of the latter cities have
formulated by the national government.
In the international field PAL's rise was now been abandoned . Three years after it Unless this is done, there is danger that
meteoric. In 1947 PAL began international began international operations, the PAL there will be a gradual diminution of in
operations with a couple of C -54's and a was spanning two thirds around the world
terest in aviation. We must keep our
year later this number was doubled ; these with its four DC -6's, covering 22,000 un
ships made scheduled runs to the United airline not only alive but a growing pro
duplicated route miles. The following sta
States and some Oriental cities like Hong tistics show PAL's progress in its interna position, because its inherent advantages
kong, Amoy , Shanghai, Saigon , and contribute in no small measure to the
tional operations :
general progress of the nation . It is nec
Table IV
essary that the government continue to
Year
Revenue Miles Passenger Hours Mail Air Cargo operate and maintain a system of air
Passengers Flown Miles Flown ( Kgs) (Kgs )
transportation, for it is an asset not only
1948 10,375 2,596,098 43,790,997
1949 19,621 3,043,807 54,003,185
12,198 :42 42,201 451,437 to the national economy but also to the
13,552 : 15 52,162 490,650
1950 18,581 3,274,161 68,531.492 14,390 :45 67,084 569,608 defense and security of the country in
1951 * 8,710 1,583,874 37,346,684 6,918 : 05 308,092
34,189
times of emergency .
* Note : Figures for 1951 cover only from the months
of January to June .

The Comet of the B.O.A.C., the world's first jetliner to accept passengers. It recently flew its first regular route over to
South Africa from London. It carries 36 passengers.

B.O.A.C

.
70
Problems Of
PHILIPPINE
EDUCATION
By JAMES L. MEADER
Chief Public Affairs Officer,
American Embassy, Manila
the last
DYURING
years,
four and one - half
in which I have enjoyed the
privilege of being a guest of the Philip
pines , I have developed a warm affection
for this country and a strong and endur
ing faith in its future.
This faith is based on three factors :
( 1 ) its rich heritage of national aspira
tions and democratic ideals and the wil
lingness the Filipino people have shown
to fight, suffer and die, if need be , for the
attainment of these aspirations and the
preservation of these ideals, ( 2 ) its sub
stantial achievements during the short
six -year period since it became a sovereign
nation and ( 3 ) the great potential for fut
ure progress and development to be found
in the high general level of intelligence of
its people and its abundant natural re
sources.
The full potential of this country will
never be realized , however , by the mere
existence of a high level of innate human
intelligence and abundant natural resour
ces. Its ultimate destiny will be determin
ed, in large measure, by the degree to
which ( 1 ) the native intelligence of its
people is adequately trained and develop
ed and ( 2 ) its natural resources efficient
ly and thoroughly exploited. You will note
that I list the training of intelligence
first and the exploitation of natural re
sources second. I do this to emphasize
the fact that the natural resources of a
nation cannot be adequately developed
without the prior development of its hu
man resources .
The full development of the abundant
natural resources which exist in Philip
pine soil, forests, mines and waters I feel
wholly incompetent to discuss. The edu
cation and training of your citizenry , how
ever , I feel somewhat more qualified to
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
fectively. Abraham Lincoln once said of
our democracy that it could not long en
ciure " half slave and half free." I should 19
like to emphasize that no democracy
no government of the people — can long
endure if its people are half literate and
half illiterate . Let us not forget that il
literacy and ignorance lead not to human
freedom, which is the overriding object
ive of democracy but to human slavery
which, down through the ages, has made
possible the rule of despots and dictators.
If this democratic nation is to progress
and prosper in the years to come, it must,
first of all and as soon as possible , era
dicate the illiteracy still existing in many
discuss because of twenty - five years of
experience in the fields of public and pri
segments of its population . According
to the last census ( 1949 ) literacy varies in
vate education in my own country prior the provinces from 28.3 % in Sulu to
to my arrival in the Philippines. And
78.5 % in Rizal Province . In the City of
this brings me to the subject the Philip
pines Herald has asked me to discuss,
Manila 86.6 % of the population is literate
and for the nation as a whole the litera
namely, the problems of Philippine edu cy rate is 60 % .
cation .
At the outset of this discussion I want The foregoing figures represent both a
to state my high admiration of ( 1 ) the significant achievement and a tremendous
challenge. They represent an achievement re
Philippine government for its appreciation in that ( 1 ) the literacy rate for the na *** - is
of the importance of education, both to esse :
tion as a whole increased 10 % in the de
the individual and to the nation , ( 2 ) Fil
cade 1939-49 , and ( 2 ) the current litera mus
ipino youth for its desire for education , cy rate is far above that of all other to
the strength and universality of which Te his
have rarely been equalled and never sur countries in the Far East, with one ex
ception . They represent a challenge to ger
passed by the youth of any nation in his the nation in the future to wipe out as citi
tory, ( 3 ) the parents of Filipino youth
rapidly as possible the 40 % illiteracy and
who are willingly making great financial
which still remains . As long as this coun ' .ite:
sacrifices, even to the selling of the fam
ily carabao if necessary, that their chil try has millions of its people ( it now has to
approximately 8 million , 10 years of age readi
dren may receive an education and ( 4 )
and over ) who cannot read or write and ung
the educational leaders of the nation
are thus denied the right of franchise ve
whom I have come to know and respect
during the past four and one-half years. and deprived of the means of increasing het
the value of their services to the nation, dua
Within the limited funds available to
its progress and development will be ser stan
them, these leaders are making steady
iously retarded and the stability of its de
progress in rebuilding an educational sys
tem tragically shattered by World War mocratic institutions and practices ser Ibatir
iously weakened . requir
II and in reshaping the educational pro
res
gram to meet the present and future needs In view of the fact that the nation made
ceiudir
of this young sovereign Republic. a gain of 10 % in its literacy rate in a de
And now to a discussion of a few of the cade, three years of which were spent as th
under Japanese domination, when most 2. edi
major educational problems facing the
of the educational facilities were destroyed 2 of the
nation .
CEMOC
and many experienced teachers killed
Out-Of-School Youth and Adults and when the major educational objective availak
We Filipinos and Americans have been was to promote the interests of the on bi
thoroughly grounded in the belief that a “ Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere,” macy , s
democratic form of government, such as I am confident that most of the remain cent
we have in our two countries, is a govern ing illiteracy can be eradicated in the 2 :ari
ment “ of the people .” May I add that only and 1
next two decades. At least I suggest this
-vil si
an educated people can govern itself ef as a target for the nation's educators to
Seir
Graduates finishing a college degree. : for a
basi
only
the na
mam hor
of a
make t
ucatior
and you
**** one
the fi
"antry
ne solu
the
Sac
to
fred be
he is
** prob
help
proc
e nc
schoc
951 - 1952
வாடல்
‫چا ۔‬
aim at.
But mere literacy—the ability to read
and write—is not enough. The minimum
training essential to citizenship in a de
mocracy must be sufficient to enable the
individual to improve his standard of liv
ing, serve his local community and exer
cise intelligently the duties and responsi
bilities of citizenship . And this leads me
to a second suggestion : that the nation's
current literacy training program be
broadened to include , in addition to train
ing in reading , writing and arithmetic ,
( 1 ) training to increase vocational skills
and improve methods of work on the farms
and in the trades thus augmenting both
the individual's service to his country and
his own standard of living , ( 2 ) training in
sanitation , first aid and ways of avoiding
and combating disease , and ( 3 ) training
in the requirements of good government
and the responsibilities of good citizen
ship , including community service . This
represents the minimum amount of fun
damental education indispensable to the
survival of the Philippines as an indepeil
dent , democratic nation . It should be
made available not only to the illiterate
population but also to those who, in spite
of literacy , still live in poverty and want.
President Truman has said, “ The seeds
of totalitarian regime are nurtured by
misery and want . They spread and grow
in the evil soil of poverty and strife. They
reach their full growth when the hope of
people for a better life has died ." This
unit of basic education I am suggesting
will not only increase the individual's serv
ice to the nation but will, in addition , of
fer him hope for a better life and the
means of achieving it.
To make this basic, fundamental amount
of education available to every Filipino,
old and young, who does not at present
possess it, is in my opinion, the nation's
number one educational problem . Be
cause the future stability and progress of
this country will depend, in large measure,
on the solution of this problem , may I
suggest the possibility of a national cam
paign to achieve this objective of basic
training, to be led by the Secretary
of
Education , sponsored by civic , women's
and youth organizations and promoted and
supported by the nation's press and ra
dio ? Time is of the essence, in solving this
crucial problem , and such a campaign
would help to speed up materially the
normal processes of education . Its cost
would be nominal for the facilities of the
whole school system would be available
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 71
More graduates, recdy to go on their own.
for such a campaign in after -school hours. additional training should be planned in
I am happy to learn that approximately ternis of ( 1 ) the nation's resources and
300,000 are currently enrolled in adult needs in agriculture and industry and ( 2 )
education classes, in which they are the individual's interests, abilities and
acquiring basic literacy training. Compared aspirations. This second phase of mass
to 86,000 adults enrolled in 1948, this rep education can be carried on in the schools
resents commendable progress. If this in after -school -hours, in special commu
figure can be increased to 400,000 per year, nity schools, through agricultural exten
the goal I am suggesting can be reached sion programs and through on-the-job
in the next two decades . training in industrial plants.
It is quite apparent that the minimum
Thus far, I have discussed the nation's
amount of education and training I have
just outlined will make it possible for first and most important single educatio
the individual to make but a limited con nal problem ; the training of out-of-school
youth and adults. I have given this prob
tribution , at best, to the economic dev lem top priority because the millions of
elopment of the country. If the tre
illiterate and semi -illiterate youth and
mendous manpower resources of the na
adults in the nation today represent a
tion are to be fully mobilized and effect
ively utilized for its development, provi tremendous, relatively undeveloped source
sion must be made for additional train of manpower which, if given even a min
imum amount of training in accordance
ing for out - of- school youth and adults
who have completed the first unit of ba with the suggestions I have just
would contribute
made,
substantially to Pres
sic training described above and who de
ident Quirino's total economic mobiliza
sire and are able to continue their edu tion program . In addition, such basic
cation in order to further improve their
intellectual and economic status . mass training would help raise the stand
This
( Continued on page 89)
COMMITTEE
HISTORICA Because Centro Escolar Univer
Nidamine
sity is a pioneering institution
which cleared the way for wom
en in the field of higher educa
tion, because she is the first
non -sectarian university offer
1952 ing graduate studies leading to
the degrees of Doctor of Philo
sophy and Doctor of Education,
CENTRO ESCOLAR because her halls have served
as the meeting center of various
UNIVERSITY national and international con
gregations intent on a conver
gence of thoughts, ideas and
FOUNDED AS CENTRO ideals, and because she has gen
ESCOLAR DE SEÑORITAS IN erously given her stint in search
of workable solutions to the
1907 BY LIBRADA AVELIND many and varied educational
AND CARMEN DE LUNA, GRAD problems of the Philippines, the
Philippines Historical Commit
UATES OF THE ESCUELA NOR tee has found her deserving a
MAL SUPERIOR DE MAESTRAS. marker that proclaims to the
world all that she is and all
PIONEER FILIPINO COLLEGE that she has contributed for
the scientific, cultural and mo
FOR GIRLS TO BECOME A ral education of the Filipino
youth .
UNIVERSITY IN 1932. FIRST
NON -SECTARIAN UNIVERSITY On February 7 this year, the
Centro Escolar University was
GIVING GRADUATE STUDIES awarded the plaque (left ) that
LEADING TO THE DEGREES distinguishes her as a historical
and national institution . It was
OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY given by the Philippines Histo
rical Committee in recognition
AND DOCTOR OF EDUCATION, of and gratitude for her inva
luable service to the Filipino
nation and in the hopes that
she may go on as she has dono
in the long, long past as long
as the Filipino youth lives .
72
Dr. VIDAL TAN
Y the New Era , I assume, means the
BY
post -war period. In East Asia it is sig
nificantly characterized by the engulfing
of China by communism , the resurgence
of Japan and the independence of the
Philippines, Indonesia , Pakistan, Ceylon,
Burma, India , and Korea. These events,
with their attendant new problems made
more complicated by the economic diffi
culties brought about by the last war, are
the salients that distinguish the New Era.
The Philippines, thrown by destiny into
this whirlpool of national and internation
al difficulties, finds herself faced, first,
with the problem of survival, and , sec
ond, with opportunities for leadership na
ver before in her entire history offered to
her.
Historically , geographically and cul
turally, the Philippines occupies a van
tage position in the struggles and develop
ment of East Asia . Her command of the
English and Spanish languages, her part
ly Occidental culture, her experience in
cosmopolitan living, her pivotal geogra
phical position , and her training in the
workings of democracy, are important fac
tors that give her a unique advantage
in the exercise of an important and com
manding role in East Asia .
The University of the Philippines as
one of the strongest factors contributory
to our progress now finds herself in a nev
beam directed outside of her frontiers
where her energies and attention might
be used in working out a common salva
tion . East Asian problems like the
problems that Dr. James Yen , world re
nowned authority on mass education,
found in his pre - war China arise from
four fundamental sources of trouble ;
namely, poverty , illiteracy, bad health con
ditions and misgovernment.
The New Era has an added difficulty
found in mass unrest due partly to com
munistic agitation and encouragement
and partly to unsatisfactory relationship
between labor and capital. To the relie!
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
THE ROLE OF U. P.
By VIDAL 'TAN
President, University of the Philippines
of these five sore spots, the University
of the Philippines can offer considerable
contribution . They form a pentagon of
ills that will have to be solved before East
Asia can be considered safe on the road
to peace and prosperity. With more sup
port moral and financial – from our
-
leaders this institution can accomplish
much in the solution of this five - cornered
problem .
Already are its Colleges of Agriculture.
Medicine, Forestry, Veterinary Medicine
and the Institute of Hygiene drawing for
eign students from our neighboring coun
tries. With the further improvement of
these units both in personnel, library fa
cilities and laboratory equipment, mostly
through the generosity of the United States
Mutual Security Agency, the United States
Educational Foundation in the Philippines,
and the Rockefeller Foundation , this Univ
ersity will not only attract more foreign
Aisian students but will also be able to
contribute much , through research , to the
solution of the economic, social and health
problems of these resurging regions. Re
search work in public health , agriculture,
medicine, forest products and animal pro
ducts are bound to result in the improved
health of communities, more production .
more income and hence greater happiness.
As a further attack on this five -cor-
nered East Asian problem, the University
of the Philippines has started a group on
social studies which , when fully organized ,
will conduct investigations on Asian rela
tions and on local socio -economic problems .
It is hoped that the results of these studies
would not only lead to a better under
standing among the nations on this side
of the Pacific basin but would also help
in the solution of our local peace -and -or
der problem .
Another plan that the University of
the Philippines is now almost ready to im
plement is the establishment of an Insti
tute of Public Administration . This Insti
tute will have two main activities; namely ,
* * *
1951 - 1952
an in - service program for those already in
the government service and an academic
program based on a four -year curriculum
leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science
in Public Administration . The in -service
training will include short courses and se
minars covering the following topics : (a)
public relations, ( b ) work simplification , (c)
(e )
office management, ( d ) supervision ,
archives , records and their security , ( f )
personnel utilization or employe - employer
relations , ( g ) cultural subjects and topics
of common interest, and ( h ) statistics and
their interpretation .
This training will be open to men in
key positions in the government sent to
the University by the various departments.
These men may later establish sirailar
training groups in their own units to meet
their special needs and problems, until the
entire government personnel is reached. In
this way the University will reach every
man in public office and thus render in
directly invaluable service to the people.
The initial spade work in this project will
be done by some faculty members from
the University of Michigan who, together
with some of our own men , will start the
work in November of this year.
It is hoped and expected that this
project, together with the program on so
cial studies, will draw students, scholars
and researchers from all over East Asia
and make the Philippines a training cen
ter of the Far East. It is sometimes dif
ficult to envision the possibilities and be
nefits accruing from these plans. Their
impacts are not immediate and are more
difficult to visualize. They are not as eas
ily seen as the results of the importation
of fertilizers or farm machinery. But in the
long run, they will bring more lasting and
greater benefits to the people. It takes
foresight and vision to support undertak
ings whose results are not easily visible
even if they are far - reaching in effect and
more enduring in value The people's in
vestments in the University of the Philip
pines are of this nature.
 1951 - 1952
Philippine Mines
( Continued from page 56)
DOLLAR REMITTANCES
Licenses from the Central Bank for
dollar remittances for dividends and main
tenance of dependents abroad of foreign
mining men employed in the mines are
sometimes difficult to secure .
Even if provision for dollar remittance
for dividends abroad are being approved
by our government. yet it is almost next to
impossible to get these dividends to their
owners in the States . Such a policy will
not help our mining industry and it will
be hard to interest new American capital
to come in .
Professional mining men who work to
develop and mine our minerals sometimes
have a hard time to get dependency allow
ance of their savings sent to their fami
lies in the States. They also at times have
difficulty in getting their dollar remittan
. ces from the Central Bank.
Central Bank has begun to systematically
co grant such promised allowances and it is
hoped that this policy will be continued
without interruption .
TRAINED PROFESSIONAL
It must be admitted that there is not
a sufficient number of experienced Filipi
no mining engineers to meet the demand
of the industry . The rough routine and
innumerable hardships that one must go
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
perience available. Poor enrollment in the
government mining engineering school and Our Tobacco
in the private colleges indicates lack of in
terest in the profession . Only a handful
of students usually take the course . What
an opportunity for the few who graduate
annually , and who are really bent on mak
ing the profession their life career !
The mineral resources of the Philippines
are immense and unscratched . What is
sorely needed are opportunities to develop
these vast resources. on
Considerati for
the inherent risk and large capital needed
to develop our resources, however, must be
shown by our government before further
capital will be attracted . The tendency ,
heretofore , has been to consider the min
ing industry in the same light as the gen-
eral merchandising and importing busi-
ness. It is subjected indiscriminately to
the same taxes as these businesses and
then subjected to its own production ( ad
valorem ; tax anů 2. Excrarige Tax, not
Lately the withstanding the fact that the mining in-
dustry creates wealth and its own ex
change . This is palpably unfair not only
to the mining industry but to the national
welfare because capital cannot venture in
to risky fields without protection and en
couragement. As I said before, if operating
mines cannot continue at a given minimum
profit in proportion to the risk of capital
invested, then capital will not come in to
open new mines.
0o-n4es
73
(Continued from page 51 )
ters of production for edification of, or to
drive ocular and palpable lessons of prod
uction and processing to farmers; (4 ) trial
direct procurement of leaf tobacco by
grades instead of the bulk (uno con otro)
system , or lack of system , in one or two
buying centers in order to show to the
producers that tobacco is still a profitable
cash crop when properly marketed and
the grower paid his just due ; ( 5 ) large
scale production of seeds required for de
velopment of tobacco types; ( 6 ) provide
for the improvement in the skills and qua
lifications of the men chosen for the above
projects by advanced studies of tobacco
technology and travel grants to matured
technicians to brush up with scientific
advances and industrial progress abroad ;
and ( 7 ) procurement of all necessary up
to -date equipment and machinery for the
use of the service.
The proper solution of our tobacco pro
blem in all its phases is one of the chal
lenges to our economic history and well
being for the next twenty - five years. As
we have been equal, coming out with fly
ing colors more often than not, to more
difficult, arduous, and gigantic tasks, some
of them even requiring blood and tears,
we believe we can solve permanently our

Our government must develop a plan

through in the early days of the career
proves to be the stumbling block to most
to encourage capital to explore, develop and
mining engineering graduates who are not exploit our mineral resources by giving
yet used to rough , hard , manual work in the them the facilities and the protection nec-
field. Naturally, there is scarcely a young essary to render returns commensurate
mining engineer with even a limited ex with capital risked . Only by such a far
tobacco problem to our national satisfac
tion and just pride.
reaching decision can we expect to see the
mining industry venture ahead instead of
retrograding into oblivion .

P
)n

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PHIL
IPPI
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BUILDS CONFIDENCE IN THE PHILIPPINES !

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New York-300 Park Ave.
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San Francisco —212 Stockton St.
74
FRANCISCO DALUPAN
, Philippines for at least a period of one
Aswaslongdeclared
astwo byor those
threewho
decadesago,it
knew where
of they spoke that the profession of ac
counting had become “ established on a
par with law, medicine, and other learn
ed professions.” Indeed, accounting has
become to the business life of the coin
munity what medicine is to its health and
law to its peace and order. And because
of the tremendous commercial and in
dustrial impetus in the twentieth cen
tury, the field of accountancy has SO
expanded that it has truly become the
nervous system of the entire economic
life.
In its broadest sense, accounting In
cludes " all the business records kept by
business organizations or units of gov
ernment as well as the principles and
techniques involved in establishing and
maintaining the records." Its instru
mentalities embrace, in the first instance ,
" statistics and memoranda relating
to
production, properties and other non
monetary quantities” and, in the second
instance , ' financial records representing
Investments, expenditures, receipts, fis
cal changes and standing , expressed in
monetary units ." In ordinary usage, ac
counting covers a narrower scope and
relates only to the second class of records .
In the Philippines, accounting is rela
tively a newcomer, yet it has grown so
rapidly that today there are no less than
2.322 certified practitioners of the pro
fession . During the Spanish regime, there
were bookkeepers of sort. But business
was generally on a small scale and only
in the few big firms in Manila were con
tadores de libros a necessary part of the
personnel. During the first decades OS
the American ruie, the accounting pro
fession was a hodge -podge of bookkeepers,
chartered accountants from the British
Empire, and certified public accountants
from the United States.
It was not until 1923 that the gov
ernment took cognizance of the bourgeon
ing profession and decided to regulate its
practice by enacting Act. No. 3105. This
law created the board of accountancy and
charged it with the function of studying
the conditions affecting the practice of
public accounting and of maintaining ef
ficient and ethical standards in the
profession . It was directed to hold examin
ations once a year. It was also authoriz
ed to waive the examination in the case
of Filipinos who had already engaged in
the practice of public accounting in the
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
ACCOUNTING
By FRANCISCO DALUPAN
* President of the University of the East, Chairman of the
******
1950 Committee on Reorganization of the Department
****
**** of Finance and its Bureaus, and ex -President of
the Philippines Institute of Accountants.
year and of qualified, deserving foreign
certified or chartered public accountants
who had practiced in the Philippines at
least five years prior to the enactment
of the law. By operation of this law, some
60 individuals were conferred the Cer
tificate of Public Accountant during the
first year .
In 1925, the law was amended by Act
3264 authorizing the board of account
ancy to qualify for public accounting
practice as Public Accountants, rather
than as Certified Public Accountants ,
those who had been in " continuous prac
tice in the Philippines for ' their account
as individuals or as senior accountants
for any firm of public accountants for
a period of one year immediately preced
ing the passage of this act and who shall
satisfy the board as to their moral
character and professional experience."
Included in this category of accountants
who finally qualified were some 300 indi
viduais, most of whom were in the gov
ernment service .
At the present time, the board of ac
countancy holds a semi-annual examin
ation to qualify certified public account
ants.
The rapid growth of the profession has
been due mainly to three factors. These
are the expansion of business, the grow
ing control of the government over busi
ness , and the increasing number of fl
nancial litigations and rate controver
sies involving labor and public utilities.
Of more recent advent as additional sti
muli to the progress of the profession are
the growing trend towards industrial
ization, the tremendous impetus stem
ming from the assistance of the Economic
Cooperation Administration, now the Mu
tual Security Agency, and new legislation
requiring the services of Certified Public
Accountants in certain commercial and
financial transactions .
The spectacular growth of the business
life of the country can be seen from
the expansion of the volume of com
merce under the free-trade arrangement
between the United States and the Phil
ippines . At the turn of the century, the
total Philippine trade was around P4,000,
000 annually . In the last year before the
Pacific war , Philippine trade had risen to
about P500,000,000 and during the early
postwar years of unbridled importation ,
the volume reached as high as P1,000,
000,000. This commercial expansion has
1951 - 1952
C
included, of course, a comparable growth
in the operations of production , adver
tising, distribution and other processes of
business. Since accounting is a necessary
operation in every step of business, it
has automatically expanded with the
commercial and industrial growth .
Government control of business in the
Philippines has two aspects, making its
influence on accounting doubly import
ant . That control is direct where the
government operates its own business en
terprises numbering today about 24 cor
porations, and indirect where the gov
ernment imposes controls and regulations,
on private business for the purpose of -
licensing and taxation . Both these
government activities are fast expand
ing. The principle of government in
business has become a definite nation
al policy sanctioned in our constitution
to the extent that some observers are
of the opinion that it constitutes a social
istic feature of the charter . With the
growing need of the government for taxes
and its imposition of controls on dollar
exchange and imports, the indirect gov
ernment stimulus to the expansion of
accounting practice is also rapidly broad
ening .
Financial litigations and rate contro
versies, though still relatively rare in
the Philippines, are also growing in Im
portance. Inheritance cases, civil cases
and other similar court disputes , need
elaborate accounting study by the liti
gants and their lawyers as well as by the
court. The growing differences between
labor and capital over wages, the fix
ing of rates for public utilities and simi
lar cases, often hinge on the accounting
picture of the situation . Naturally, they
9
contribute to the expansion of accounting
activities.
In addition to the more or less estab
lished factors contributing to the growth
of the accounting profession, the posi
war economy created new forces favor
able to accountancy .
The reorientation of the economic en
deavors of the nation towards greater
industrialization is resulting in a new busi
ness expansion with unlimited possibilities,
An agricultural economy involves simple
accounting . But an industrial economy
needs the unifying force of figures to
give order and system to its tremendous
vastness and territorial breadth . Farm
transactions and the corner store busi
ness are ocular ; their operators see and
 -
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 75

come to know by memory practically eve
ry transaction . But corporate business is
often imaginative . The corporate exec
utive may have under his control to CO
ordinate , a logging concession in Camarl
nes, a lumber yard in Tondo, a furniture
factory in Pandacan , a wholesale house
on Echague, and retail stores in the prov
inces . The feat has been made possible
largely by accounting which, through re
ports and figures, gives him a day to day ,
requires the intervention of Certified
Public Accountants in the bookkeeping
and auditing of the transactions of “ cor
porations, companies, partnerships or
persons whose gross quarterly saies, earn
ings, receipts, or outputs, exceed P25,000.”
Furthermore, the same law requires thai
the income tax returns of these entities
and individuals be accompanied by “ cer
tified balance sheets, profit and loss state
ments. schedules listing income-produc
government also expanded the dental cur
riculum from four to six years .
The business course , including that of
accountancy, has followed suit in most of
the leading universities in the United
States . There, the school of commerce
have become graduate schools and admit
only students who have had two or four
years of liberal arts education. This is part
of the new trend away from early and

month to month, and year to year televi Ing properties and the corresponding in narrow specialization to the happy com
sion of the operations of his scattered comes therefrom and other relevant bination of cultural and specialized edu

statements," all of which must be postea cation .

empire.
the
Our economic development today is not
only being stimulated by the revived in
terest in industrialization . It is also be
ing accelerated by American assistance
through the MSA. It may be that the MSA
is primarily interested in stimulating ag
riculture in this country . This is evident
in its interest in fertilizers , road -building
in Mindanao and rural banks and the pro
minence of farm and animal husbandry
experts in its technical assistance. But
act its long-range plans , I believe , include a
greater industrialization of the country.
cer This is evident in its cooperation in the
55. solution of unemployment, the protection
1 of local industries through import
controls which have worked as a tariff
barrier, and its assistance in the construc
tion and building of hydroelectric plants
ingen to produce cheap electricity, the lifeblood
ere
of industry .
les
24 . One of the latest boosts to the local pro
fession of accounting is the new law
alat
known as Republic Act No. 658. This Act
by qualified accountants and attested to
by licensed certified public accountants,
So patent is the growing need for ac
countancy that the training of accouni
ants is now being undertaken by no iess
than 52 colleges of commerce and busi
ness . Of these 52 colleges, however, only
49 confer the bachelor's degree while the
rest award only the associate title .
The tremendous Increase of knowledge
in law and medicine resulted in the
expansion of the collegiate training for
these professions . Some decades ago ,
prospective lawyers only read law in the
office of a practising attorney while pros
pective physicians and surgeons acquirea
most of their skill by assisting in clinics
and hospitals. Later on, medical and le
gal training became systematized college
curricula , first of two years , then of four
years, and now of six years . In the case
of physicians, there is the additional re
quirement of internship after graduation
of from one to several years . Recently , the
The growing complexity of business life
in the Philippines seems also to indicate
that in the near future commercial edu
same
cation should be expanded in the
manner that it has been expanded in
the United States . Such an expansion will
also be in line with the fact that account
ing activities “ involve public interests "
and require " assured ability, training, and
reliability . ” With the growing reliance of
the government on the integrity and de..
pendability of certified public accountants
in the collection of taxes, it has become
manifest that accounting practitioners
should be men of character, culture, and
Integrity.
Accounting has truly become an instru
ment both of private management and
public policy. More than ever before, the
individual who seeks to practice it must
possess not only a thorough training but
also the ethical concepts of human rela
tions so essential to honest business and
government.

expect
10

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The Coleman Lamp & Stove Co., Toronto & Wichita
The Wander Company, Chicago, Ill.
Pharmaceuticals
Ames Company, Inc., Elkhart, Indiana
Bristol Laboratories, Inc., Syracuse , N. Y.
Bristol -Myers Company, New York
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 76
JORGE B. VARGAS
who headed the Olympic delegation to
Helsinki .
Rapid strides have been made by the
Philippines in the world of sports for the
year 1951 and indications point to a still
brighter and more progressive athletic
endeavors for the year 1952 .
Sportswriters in this country , more than
20 in number are almost unanimous in
their opinions that the past year was in
deed a red - letter year for Philippine
sports. So much have been accomplished
in the short span of 12 months towards
the betterment of Filipino athletics that
added to the prestige of Filipino sports
nien both here and abroad.
Due to the numerous sports events and
activities that kept sportswriters and
sports editors on their feet most of the
year, the Philippine Sportswriters' Asso
ciation (PSA ) picked out the 10 most im
portant events, in its desire to promote
a better brand of athletics in 1952 .
The choice of the PSA is beyond ques
tion . Undoubtedly the 10 best sports hap
penings in this country during 1951 have
gone a long way towards the development
of the Filipino athlete and has earned
for the Philippines no little publicity ab
road
In their tedious job of evaluating and
sorting out voluminous wads of sports
copy, the following 10 stories were chosen
as the best for 1951 : The Herald sports
writers, as members of the PSA, were also
instrumental in making the choices:
10 Top Sports Events of 1951
1. Participation of the Philippines in
the Asian Games in New Delhi, India
from March 4 to 11 .
2. The second Philippines World Operi
Golf Championship tournament at the
Wack- Wack golf and country club .
3. Visit of the Stewart- Chevrolet Bas
ketball team . U.S. Amateur Athletic
Union ( AAU ) champions .
4. National Tennis Championships.
5. International Soccer - Football series.
6. The Philippine Sportswriters' Asso
ciation (PSA ) second annual awards
dinner at the University of the East
gymnasium
7. Philippine participation in the Davis
Cup tournaments .
8. The return of the UST Glowing Go:
dies to Basketball fame.
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
OUR SPORTS
By CEFERINO BAQUIZAL
Herald Sports Editor
9. MICAA's contribution to Philippine
basketballdom .
10. Speed Cabanela's return to
glory.
The choice of sportswriters was the Phil
ippine participation in the
1951
Asian
Olympic games which was held in New
Delhi , India from March 4 to 11 .
Three reasons were given for the select
ion . First, the Philippines captured bas
ketball championship , the first post - li
beration honor won by this country ab
road . Second , Filipino natators swam away
with a number of aquatic honors
third, local high - jumper Andres Franco
set a new high - jump record of 6 ft. , 1-34
inches, the best in the Asian Olympics .
In winning the basketball crown , the
Philippine basketball team successively
trounced Burma, 63-19 , Iran , 65-41 , Japan ,
57-33 and India , 86-38 .
Local splashers who starred in the meet
were Artemio Salamat, Edilberto Bonus,
Serafin Villanueva , Mohamed Mala , Ja
cinto Cayco and Rene Amabuyok .
Second choice was the recently conclud
ed second Philippines world open golf
championship tournament which was
held at the sprawling Wack-Wack golf
and country club greens. In this tourney ,
dapper Lloyd Mangrum , top -money win
ner and professional golfer romped away
with the P10,000 first prize purse.
Other world ranking golfers who parti
cipated in the open were Jack Burke, Jr. ,
Ed "Porky” Oliver, Norman Von Nida, Pe
ter Thomson , Marcelino Morcillo , Roberto
Kirkwood Jr., and Gene
de Vicenzo, Joe
Holbrook .
The Stewart - Chevrolet basketball team's
visit to the Philippines was rated third for
its far -reaching effects on the improve
ment of the Filipino brand of basketball
and for the sportsmanship displayed by
the visitors off and on the court. The
“ Chevyies” as they were affectionately
dubbed played a total of 11 games here,
winning all of them in convincing fashion .
Angelo " Hank ” Luisetti, one of the great
est US basketball coaches headed the
group . The Stewart - Chevrolets were 1951
Amateur Athletic Union ( AAU ) champions .
Ranked fourth was the national
nis championships last February . As ali
other sports events of world -wide impor
tance , this one saw the coming of great
tennis stars like Sven Davidsson of Swe
den, who won the championship , Fred Ko
1951 - 1952
1
1
valeski , Irvin Dorfman , Mervyn Rose and
Miss Dorothy Head, who captured the sin
boxing gles championship for women by subdu
ing Mrs. Helen Kingsley.
The Hendon - Hongkong -Manila triangular
football series easily grabbed fifth place
in the PSA list. Famous football squads
from all over the world like the Hendon
team from Britain and the Boldklubben
eleven from Denmark displayed their met
tles against local contingents and were
able to show Filipino soccerites the val
and uable qualities of the sport.
Last November 24 , a total of 24 athletes
were honored by the PSA at the US gym
nasium . Posthumous awards were given to
departed athletes in impressive ceremon
ies . This event ranked sixth in the select
ion .
The honorees follow :
Half-Century Athletes
1. Felicisimo Ampon — Tennis
2. Pancho Villa - Boxing
3. Jacinto Ciria Cruz - Basketball
4. Virgilio Lobregat - Football
5. Vicente Jaropillo Baseball
6. Larry Montes — Golf
7. Rep . Simeon Toribio - Field
8. Fortunato Catalon - Track
9. Teofilo Ildefonso - Swimming
10. Juan K. Taduran - Pentathlon , Deca
thlon
Athletes Of The Year
1. Felicisimo Ampon - Tennis
2. Larry Montes — Golf
3. Antonio Martinez - Basketball
4. Juanito Briones — Baseball
5. Teddy Kalaw - Shooting
6. Bernarbe Lovina — Track
7. Bonnie Espinosa - Boxing
8. Aurelio Amante - Field
9. Enrique Beech - Football
10. Jacinto Cayco — Swimming
11. Norma Guerrero - Swimming
12. Mrs. Minda Ochoa Moldero-- Tennis
13. Jockey Elias Ordiales — Racing
14. Virgilio Tajan-Weightlifting
Number seven was the Philippines' par
ticipation in the Davis Cup tournaments.
ten
For the first time in many years of com
petition, this country reached the semi-fi
nals of the European zone matches by de
feating Brazil and Switzerland mostly due
to the brilliant performance of Felicisimo
Ampon , Reymundo Deyro and Cesar Car
( Continued on page 82)
 " MAYTUBIG "
Painting by Mario Felipe

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Eth pla
11 Squad
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dklu
Eheir :
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the

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USS5
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cerem
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-Courtesy of Harry Lee

Philippine Advertising Associates
Port Area, Manila

--Tennis
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 " JISUTYAN "
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)
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 77

Dr. Regino R. Ylanan had his name as
sociated with Philippine sports for two
decades and to many he is the man who
had done most for the advancement of
sports and physical education in this
country .
After a brilliant career on the athletic
field and on the bench as coach and me
1 dical officer , he has retired to a desk job
executive secretary -treasurer of the
as
Philippine Amateur Athletic Federation.
In that capacity, he supervises various
athletic events held in the Rizal Memorial
Field — a spacious sports and recreational
mecca consisti of four stadia and their
adjacent facilities made during his admi
nistration .
He was born in Bogo, Cebu on Septen :
ber 7, 1889 and graduated from Cebu High
School at the age of 23. A spunky , ambi
flower
tious Visayan just fresh from school , he
lost no time making a name for himself
1 in sports. He participated in the first Far
Eastern Athletic Association meet in 1913
and fulfilled his early promise by rornp
Dr. REGINO YLANAN ing off with the 16 lbs. shot put and the
pentathlon. He repeated his victory with
the shot put in the next FEAA meet held
in Shanghai in 1915 , and skippered the
Philippine baseball nine in the Tokyo
meet in 1917.
Even when his growing years forced
YLANAN him to the sidelines , he was an active
personality on the athletic field until 1936.
He participated in nine international
athletic meets including three world
Olympiads as coach and medical officer
By E. LACHICA of the Philippine teams. In 1921 he accon
Herald-DMHM Staff Member panied the P.I. delegation to Shanghai
for the 5th FEAA meet and also served as
assistant coach of the baseball team . He
became head coach of the team during
the VIth FEAA championship games in
Osaka, Japan , and he gained an even
higher position as business manager of
the Philippine delegations in the follow
ing FEAA meets.
The highlights of his career as benc ! )
mentor were his participation in three
Olympic meets. During the 8th Olympiad
held in 1934 in Paris, he was representa
tive and coach of the track athletes and
when the Olympic games were resumed
four years later in Amsterdam , he was
head of the Philippine delegation and
coach of the track and swimming teamz.
About his last field participation was as
business manager and head coach of the
Filipino athletes during the Berlin Olym
pics in 1936.
His achievements off the playing fields
proved to be even greater. After graduat
ing from the U.P. college of medicine in
1918 with an M.D. degree, he discovered
that his true interest lay in physical edu
cation . At that time, students had very
little interests in sports and calisthenics
and it was the new doctor's ambition to
make them widepread on campuses as
they are at present. He went to the Unit
ed States to gain experience and know
how and in 1920 graduated from Spring
field College with a degres in physical
education . In that same year, he was ap
pointed physical director of the Univer
sity of the Philippines and one of his first
accomplishments was to make physical
education a requirement for all students.
One of the major steps in the populariza
tion of sports in the campus was ihe or
ganization of physical education classes
( Continued on page 89 )

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Travel one way by air and return by sea with full round trip reductions .
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AMERICAN PRESIDENT LINES

 78
Rev. ENRIQUE SOBREPEÑA
A NOTED author tells of a small boy who
irritated his father by interrupting his
work . To keep him quiet , the father gave
him a jigsaw puzzle, a map of the world to
be pieced together. Alas! in all too short
a time, back came his little boy with the
jigsaw completed . He explained the secret
of his success to the surprised father. He
had found a figure of a man on the re
verse side of the map of the world . He had
found a figure of a man on the reverse side
of the map of the world . This figure he
could easily piece together. And, he said ,
once the man was put in order, the world
was in order also.
Actually putting the world in order is
of course infinitely more difficult than
merely assembling the pieces of a map.
But in this jigsaw tale, there is something
suggestive, with its picture of the man in
relation to the combatting of present day
evils. It is basically true that the ultimate
way to get the world righted is to get the
man right. Pride, selfishness , intolerence ,
love of money, lust for power, hatred , greed
and denial of God . — these are the main
causes of the world's tragedies today. Our
world has had too much experience of
these lately, with its ruthless leaders and
rulers who wished to demonstrate and ex
tend their personal power . All these hu
man failures have brought on war, poverty,
and untold suffering to the people .
A vast amount of time and expense as
well as trouble would be saved the world
if people would only come together , indivi
dually and collectively to do things right.
Here I am not thinking of research, in
which by long experimentation new truth
is discovered, and the best methods of
achieving results are established. Rather I
have in mind those situations in which sa
tisfactory ways of doing things are known
already. The following points may help in
combatting present-day evils :
First :-There is the duty of sharing
material things with those in need , either
by direct giving or by supporting civic or
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
COMBATTING EVILS
By Dr. ENRIQUE C. SOBREPENA
Minister, United Church of Manila
President, Union College of Manila
charitable institutions. The spirit of shar
ing should be developed among all Chris
tians and generous loving people , with the
thought that the people of a nation , of the
world, are a big family. Like a big family,
they should provide a common fund for
all in need . It should also be borne in
mind that the government should be an
imated by Christian and humanitarian
principles, and have a genuine concern for
the welfare of the people. The alternative
of withdrawing into smug isolation and of
letting the rest of mankind welter in mis
ery is a repugnant to every heart that has
been touched by the spirit of sharing.
Second : - Moral integrity is something
that does not go out of date . It is man's
treasure that should be preserved . Any
looseness in moral integrity should be de
plored . Any moral surrender though under
terrific pressure should be resolutely resis
ted . Our leaders as well as all of us should
maintain at all costs high moral stand
ards.
Third : - The inherent dignity of man
should be continually recognized. A fun
damental cause of the great injustices with
which the world has been afflicted has
been a failure to recognize the great worth
and dignity of man . Where people are
thought of as merely temporary beings
who have someway come into existence
and will soon disappear again into noth
ingness, human life is held cheap and in
justice is rife.
It is exactly this conception of human
life that is held by the Huks, and that is
no doubt responsible , at least in part. for
their disregard of individual rights and
their unlawful intention to perpetrate any
thing, including killing, looting, et cetera.
Also for their program of seizing the gov
ernment. In past ages, the ruthless wars
of which we have experienced the evils
were also due to the failure to perceive the
essential value of man as man .
Fourth :- The fundamental need
preparatory to putting the world in order,
arises from this fact, that selfish ambitions
1951 - 1952
and social abuses still curse it and are con
trary to the Christian spirit . Hence that
need is to make men Christian in spirit
and in practice . The teachings of Christ
reveal a lofty conception of man's value
which does not depend on his social state
nor on the amount of money he possesses.
Christ treated men as of equal worth,
whatever their condition of life . This
equal inherent valuation was based on the
fundamental fact of their equal relatior..
ship to God . Christians of all classes had
an equal right to partake of the symbols
of Christ's broken body and shed blood at
the table of the Lord .
The Christian emphasis upon the va
lue of human personality was gradually
felt in the abolition of domestic and pol
itical tyranny. People in Christian lands
feel the impact of Christian ideals even
though they have no religious experience
of their own . Christianity is something
that leavens to a greater or lesser extent
the whole social lump and the greater the
number of sincere Christians the greater
will be its leavening effect .
Much of the world has been looking
to the United Nations Assembly and its
various departments with hope that it may
be a powerful factor in putting the world
in order. We join in that hope. And there
is encouragement as we read that the na
tions whose problems are debated have
a real concern that they should appear to
be on the right side of moral issues in the
eyes of the world . The fact that they have
this concern is a silent tribute to the effect
of the Christian Gospel in creating a re
gard for morality on the part of mankind .
And the way to put the world in order is to
strengthen and deepen the demand for
just and right dealings, and even for al
truistic dealings that require sacrifices -
through carrying the Christian spirit more
and more fully to all men . This is a pro
gram that cannot be achieved in a day,
but it is one in which we all can have a
part . And along that road lies the hope of
combatting present-day evils.
 79
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK

MEANS
TO AN
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und NOW ... within your grasp and reach are equipment and materials all these to make
the you and your families economically self
all the means to make yourselves and thou
Porta sands of Filipino families self -sufficient sufficient to strengthen the economy of your
es I a high -geared program of promotion and country.
ber
Cheeft development of home industries... the
wealth in raw materials ... the technical NOW ... is the time for you to contribute
mank
rden knowledge of UN and ECA experts ... your own counterpart ... INITIATIVE ,
.

lm.nu modern tools to step-up production ... train DETERMINATION and RESPONSIBILITY
1 for
crifice ing facilities for old craftsmen ... assistance to create the demand for local products here
from your government in the form of tools, and abroad .
is ar
Inquire from the Industrial Development Depart.
- ha13 ment, 720 Sta. Mesa Boulevard, Manila .
e bort

The PRISCO
80
Philippine Highways
(Continued from page 65 )
at Bangkok in October 1950, adopted a re-
solution emphasizing the " advisability of
highway authorities maintaining highway
maintenance registers.” Accordingly, the
functions of this highway register would
be as follows :
1. To evaluate the current road asset
from its original construction to date .
2. To determine the amounts of money
required every year for the proper and
timely maintenance and prevent undue
deterioration by traffic and weather,
3. To study the performance records of
the various types of road surfaces under
various traffic conditions and to examine
the substitution of uneconomical low types
ill-serving the traffic by superior types
that will render longer satisfactory serv-
ice at reduced maintenance costs .
4. To form the basis for the improve-
ments in design and construction .
5. To facilitate a phased programme
of improvements to the existing roads , in
the order of priority justified by traffic
demands.
6. To locate weak spots requiring at
tention and to take necessary remedial
measures.
7. To furnish , in the case of high type
pavements such as cement concrete , data
for research study .
8. To help in balanced and economic
all-round road development.
Any study of the highway system of the
Philippines would not be complete without
stating the important role the US Bu
reau of Public Roads has played in its
rehabilitation . The end of World War II
saw the entire highway system of the
Philippines in complete shambles and New Industries
ruin . Many roads were impassable , bridg
es were blown up and concrete and as
phalt highways had fallen into unusuable
conditions either by neglect or by the ac
tion of war.
It was at this time that the US Bureau
of Public Works under the Philippine Re-
habilitation Act stepped in cooperation
with the Philippine Bureau of Public
Works . That was in early 1946 .
Through the joint efforts of these two
organizations since 1946, there has been
created out of the $ 40 million rehabilita
tion funds in whole or in part, approxim
ately 254 major and 239 minor bridges , and
495 kilometers of improved highways and
streets. Of the amount, $36,500,000 has
been spent to date . The remainder of the
fund is now invested in public works and
is expected to be expended by the end
of June 1952 , the deadline for the com-
pletion of the rehabilitation program .
Also under the Rehabilitation Act a
program has been drawn allowing talented
engineers from the Bureau of Public
Works to go annually under the sponsor
ship
and study and to
USBPR,
of thenew the United
modern States
methods ir
highway construction,
maintenance improvement
. For sixteen and
weeks they
make the rounds of the modern and
streamlined highways, attend lectures and
classes conducted by eminent American
engineers and prepare voluminous notes
on more scientific methods of highway
planning and layouts under American
teachers. Since 1946, about 50 Filipino en
gineers had taken advantage of this ar
rangement to the great benefit of the
nation .
According to Alonso C. Taylor , USBPR
division engineer, the USBPR to date has
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
undertaken 314 projects . Of these , six were
general projects involving either planning
or the procurement of equipment and four
were for the surveys and preparation of
plans , leaving a net total of 304 construc-
tion projects undertaken . Of these , 250
were performed by contract and the re-
mainder by administrative forces .
though the majority of these projects had
been on Luzon , a substantial number have
been on Cebu , Mindanao, Negros and Pa
nay and a few on Leyte and Bohol .
The future of the Philippine highway
system is bright, to say the least. Out of
the lessons of the past, our public works
officials have evolved an intelligent and
practical plan that would put the Phil-
ippine highway system into equal stand-
ards with the best and most modern in
the world . Great emphasis is being laid
on Mindanao, where the potential wealth
of the Filipinos in mineral and in agri-
culture lie untapped.
Through the Economic Cooperation
Administration, now known as the Mutual cause from 70 % to 90 % of the wnolesalers
Security Agency, the United States is lend-
ing aid to this ambitous program of the
government which would industrialize the
Philippines and render it a self-sufficient
and progressive country. The Mutual Sec
urity Agency has so far announced that
the amount of $4,850,000 has been set aside
for the construction , equipment and tech
nical assistance which would open large
areas for settlement and agricultural pro
duction in the islands . A large part of
this, of course, must have to go to the willing to work long hours, to render cour
building of more and better roads . With
the counterpart fund to be set up by our
own government, there is no doubt that
this great project have all the chances of
success .
( Continued from page 49 )
Thus , distribution is the link between the
producer and the consumer. A diamond
at a diamond mine would not be of much
value if there were no way of grinding it ,
polishing it, mounting it, and getting it
before a buyer in a retail jewelry store . It
is distribution which brings to most of the
rticles of commerce the greatest contri
bution to their accumulated values
Let me cite from my own experience
as a private industrialist the role that dis-
tribution plays in making possible both
production and consumption .
One of the first questions that must be
answered by a company manufacturing
a new product is : “ How shall we get our
new products into the hands of consumers ? ”
The company is thereby seeking a channel
of distribution ( also called a channel of
trade . ) by which it can contact the greai-
est number of consumers. Of course , by
selling direct to the consumer , the com
pany could save the consumer all the costs
of distribution that the middleman adds
to the cost of goods when he buys from
the company . Actually , while direct, sei-
ling may seem a simple method , it is noi
suited to wide - scale distribution . Direc :
selling to consumers does not provide them
with a sufficient variety of goods from
which to choose ; moreover, most peopie
want to buy at their own convenience , not
when the seer wants to sell them .
It is therefore easy to see how an
fective system of distribution makes mass
productions possible. Costs of distribution
are lowest when producers find their con--
sumer markets in their immediate locai
ities . Naturally , with wider markets and
big - scale production , the costs of distri-
bution have to increase . Fout against these
1951 - 1952
higher distributing costs , from the view
point of the welfare of consumers , must
be set the lower costs of large -scale pro
duction. Hence , notwithstanding the
higher costs of distributing goods under
such increased production, the price paid
by consumers for these goods has in many
Al- cases been greatly lowered . And so the
cycle is completed ; effective distribution
necessarily results in bigger consumption ,
and mass consumption ir turn demands
mass production ,
Unfortunately and unwisely, in our
postwar enthusiasm for more industrial
production , we have allowed our economy
to grow lopsided . Yes , we have a big
market composed of 20 million Filipinos
And thanks to the industrialization pro
grams of the government and the initia rol
tive of local capitalists, we now produce
almost all the essential commodities we
TER
used to import. But our economic pros NEED
perity is very superficial and ruille, be
e -po
and retailers who profit in marketing the fors
goods are aliens, and our nationals often
have to pay exorbitant prices for Phillp
pine-made products. lich
This stranglehold of aliens on our in
ternal trade is a very sad commentary on
the abilities of our people to carve their
afte
own destiny. Yet it is no secret why Chi
nese prosper and Filipinos go bankrupt 1
in the retail trade . The Chinese retailer is
teous service , to realize as little profit as
possible, to live far below his income, and
to unite with other Chinese merchants
in trade organizations. On the other
hand, the Filipino retailer is usually tem
peramental, blindly imitative. ignorant in
merchandizing techniques, and disorgan mer
ized . No wonder our economic progress is
at the mercy of Chinese merchants who
control our retail trade which in effect re
gulates the flow of goods, the volume of
production , and the cost of living and lev
el of wages . lle
These are some of the many probiems
that must be solved if our country is to
have a coordinated industrial planning so
essential to success in its economic mobil
ization program . Unless our government
authorities change their lukewarm atti
tude towards these problems, we may nev
er succeed in our endeavor to industrialize
our country and produce most of our local
needs. Yet the government alone cannot
accomplish much . The industrialists can
do little by themselves. Without whole
hearted support from the people , both the
government and private industry can oniy
limp along the road to our national goal
of a peaceful and prosperous Philippines.
We should all work together so that we
may achieve success in this national un
dertaking.
You and I have reason to be proud of
our past accomplishments. However, if
I could compare our industrialization ei
forts to that of paddling a canoe unstream ,
I would say that no matter how far we
have already gone in our way, we canno:
afford to pause and stop paddling even
for one second . To cease paddling is 30
be carried back downtseam , and then we
would have to paddle upstream all over
ei
again in order to go nearer our goal-a
self- sufficient national economy .
What we have achieved during the pasi
years should inspire us to greater action
so that a year from now we may again
look back with satisfaction for work well
done .
1
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 82
Philippines Statistically
(Continued from page 41 )
our farms to the extent that we now pror
uce 15.6 per cent in excess of production
for a normal prewar year. Mention mig !
be made here of palay production with ..
with
present index of 107.7 and copra
149.5 .
In business , we find a similar upsw.ng
The index of general business trends fur
1950 is 279.9, also computed from 1937. Ab
»
out 200,000 firms and individuals in di-
verse economic activities , except agricul
ture , were covered in an economic census
establishments which in
survey . These
clude manufactures, forestry , commerce,
professions, mines, electric light and pow
er. transportation , fisheries. private schools
and hospitals reported about an overall
asset of P3 billion and gross receipts of
P5 billion .
Even the outlook of our foreign trade ,
which used to be the dark spot in our
economic picture, has brightened. Where
in postwar years up to 1950 our unfavor-
able balance of trade ran into the hun
dreds of millions of pesos,, trade figures Philippine Commerce
up to the third quarter of 1951 show our
imports at P677,998,556 and exports a'i
P669,963,462 , or a trade deficit of only P8
million . As a matter of fact, at the close
of the first half of this year. we actually
enjoyed a favorable balance of nearly P80
million .
A measure of a nation's capacity for
leadership is its resiliency, its recuperat..
ing powers after a disaster. As was statis-
tically shown , the Philippines has made
great strides toward recovery in agricul-
ture and industry . In fact, we are bend-
ing our concerted efforts not only to bring
our country 'to economic self-sufficiency ,
but also to place our country in a posi-
tion to lend economic help to the other
Asian countries.
Although we are young as a nation , we
the
have proved that we can rise from
ruins as we have ably done . We have in
disputably proved our worth in the coun-
cils of the United Nations . We have an
appointed place in the stage that is the
Pacific, and we can well fit in that role
if we do not dissipate the latent powers
and resources that God has endowed our
country . With our vast and immense na
tural resources and the wisdom and in
dustry of our people, we may yet assume
a role in the Pacific area .
Our Sports
( Continued from page 76 )
mona, three top PI aces .
The Philippines, however, lost to Swe
den and dropped out of the competition
Sweden lost to the United States in the
Inter-zone tie , while the United States
was beaten by Australia in the challenge
round. Australia then retained the Davis
Cup for the third consecutive year.
BI winning three titles in a row , he
University of Santo Tomas Glowing ( old
ies landed in eighth place in the PSA rank
ings. The Goldies, coached by Herminio
" Herr” Silva first captured the national
open pennant early in January, regained
the UAAP championship crown in October
and proceeded to grab another title as the
vear neared its end by annexing the col-.
legiate basketball pennant.
The Manila Industrial and Commercial
Athletic Association (MICAA ) ruled the
roost among the country's numerous
leagues and was ranked ninth in the list .
The MICAA, headed by president Dionisio
“ Chito " Calvo and athletic manager and
secretary Leonardo " Skip ” Guinto was
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
most cooperative to the press throughout
the whole year and this sports body also
aisplayed a new brand of basketball am
cng the fans . For 1951 , the PAL Skymas
lers emerged the champions.
Lastly, the return of aging Speed Caba
nela to boxing fame grabbed some spot
light in the world of sports . The Iloilo
Brown Bomber, considered by many as a
“ has been ,” was a former bantamweight
and featherweight champion of the Phi ! -
ippines. He came back strong to win the
1.ghtweight crown .
The stout- hearted Cabanela first dis
posed of Peter " The Killer" Babia , then
posted the shortest knockout in this coun
try's ring history by making King Tut kiss
the canvas in exactly 52 seconds after the
bell rang to win the lightweight cham;) -
ionship of the Philippines. Last victory of
Cabanela was when he decisively defend
ed his title against up and coming Milton
Ross in 10 gruelling rounds at the Rizal
Memorial stadium by the middle part of
December
( Continued from page 37 )
ditional load. Judging from experience ,
the creation of a board is not advisable .
Boards generally act slowly and this is not
the time for delay or procrastination in the
implementation of economic programs. It
is preferable to entrust this work to one
official only . I propose an authority of on ?
official which shall have complete charge
of accelerating private endeavors toward
econcmic development and of coordinating
such endeavors. He may be a member of
the cabinet or not. He must have no work
other than the direction , coordination and
supervision of the implementation if the
economic rehabilitation and development
plans for the Philippines. It should be his
duty, not only to do everything on k is part
to expedite the economic development of
this country, but also to coordinate private
efforts so as to prevent overcrowding and
overlapping which always results in fail
ure with the consequent waste of foreign
exchange, energy and capital. It is also
his mission to protect local industry from
competition of foreign products with the
only limitation that the welfare of the
consumers must not be unduly sacrificed .
Another new trade pattern in this era is
the noticeable accomplishments towards
industrial peace ,The recently convened
labor- management conference has done a
creditable work in labor-management re
lations . A decisive step in ths direction
was taken by His Excellency , President
Quirino , when soon after he had taken
over the presidential seat of the Philip
pines, he organized the labor management
advisory board , entrusted with the diffi
cult but important task of studying labor
management probams and bringing about
harmonious relations between labor and
capital . The creation of this labor -man
agement advisory board is an implicit re
cognition of the community of interest be
tween labor and capital, that there can not
be exclusively labor problems , in the sam ?
manner that there can not be exclusive
ly problems of capital. Labor problems are
problems of capital , and capital problems.
are labor problems. When the harmonious
relations between the two are disrupted ,
there is stoppage of productivity, to the
detriment of the community which both
labor and capital serve.
With industrial peace on a more secure
foundation , with proper guidance , integra
tion and coordination in our economic de
velopment and with a united people, the
1951 - 1952
Republic of the Philippines is assured of
economic stability and of merited leader
ship in the Pacific .
Capital Structure
( Continued from page 39 )
ernment's having the power to coerce his
livelihood .
Free government is secure as long as a
capitalistic system operates to furnish
reasonable employment to a free people .
In history , capitalistic systems have brok
en down in chronic unemployment . When
this happens the stage is set for the des
truction of free government. If private
business cannot provide jobs for the un
employed, government is forced to create
jobs through government spending , on
public works , etc. Through government
spending, government also controls busi
nessmen who are beneficiaries of govern
mnent contracts.
When capitalistic system has broker
down in unemployment and government
spending, there is only one way to save
free government . The capacity of private
business to furnish employment must be
restored . The failure of private business to
revive in a prolonged depression , to arresi
and reverse government spending, is the
reason why free governments have perish
ed by vote of the people .
Free governments do not appear in his
tory until economic conditions favorable
to their existence have appeared . Once
a free government has emerged the chiet
duty of such a government is to maintain
economic conditions which are vital to its
existence . If neglecting this duty , it per
mits economic conditions to generate
which are unfavorable to freedom, a fret
government, like a plant in a poisonous
soll , will wither and die . What are the
economic conditions indispensable to the
life of free government ?
Democracy cannot exist either in theory
or fact unless the electorate is free tr
choose a government to represent it and
uniess the government chosen is free to
serve the interest of the electorate as a
whole .
Now that the democracies have routed
the dictators such thought must be de
voted to the problem of protecting free
governments from future military van
dals . Important as this problem is , its
solution will not insure the continuance of
democracy in the modern world. Prevent
ing war will not prevent the internal dis
integration of democratic governmen's
caused by economic forces . It is only in
the right kind of economic soil that the
tree of political liberty can survive . Now
where in the world will the continuance
of free government be assured simply by
defeating an enemy and creating an in
ternal police force strong enough to pre
serve the peace of the world . Nor can de
mocracy be fully restored in countries
where it was crushed by a war machine ,
or conferred benevolently upon peoples
who have lived for centuries under despots
unless economic conditions are favorable
to its survival . Important free govern
ments in the past 25 centuries have been
destroyed not by war or revolution but
by internal economic conditions . History
furnishes convincing evidence that free
governments have been more menaced by
economic conditions operating in time of
peace than by conquerors or revolutionists .
No program to preserve , restore or ex
tend modern democracy can succeed if it
ignores the vital dependence of free gov
ernment on the right kind of economic
conditions, Nazis and Fascists are but the
( Continued on page 95 )
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 83

Investments
(Continued from page 40)
equivocal in order to give a basic data
for proper appraisal of investment values .
To further assure thai the data necessary
must be authentic , the law requires that
the statements be certified by indepen
dent public accountants or certified puh
lic accountants .
TEC One interested in buying a corporate
hai issue for investment will naturally
Zert into the value of the security he is buy
ing on the basis of the corporation's as
dividuals represent an enorinous amount
when pooled together . The small investors
should be given an opportunity to parti
cipate in corporate financing ; but I be
lieve that they can be induced to buy
shares of stock of corporaticns only il
they are correctly informed of the securi
ties they are putting their money in . Ap
propriate accounting reports will acconi
plish this in no small degree .
look For the benefit of the general public
and of the small investors, financial and
operating statements should be prepared
should pass some form of legislation for
the protection and encouragement of the
small investors. They may be given 3
guaranteed minimum return on their in
vestment which should be higher than
what they ordinarily get on savings ac
counts in banks . We have the Minimum
Wage Law ; why not a minimum return law
for small investors ?
We should not overlook also that th
human element is an important factor ini
accounting. Correctness and reliability of
the figures in a statement depend on

sets , earnings , dividends and definite pros and presented in a readily understandable the honesty, integrity and knowledge of
-01 pects , to determine whether or not the form . When you address your reports to the man handling the accounts. The ac
value is adequate to protect the bond the public , instead of using the conven counting fraternity should be deeply con
enter or to justify a stock purchase ; or whether tional technical statements in accordance cerned with this element. Through strict
CUTE the value justifies the market price . A with accounting science , you could simpii observance of the ethics of the profession .
titit : balance sheet analysis may reveal facts fy them by presenting self - explanatory it can be elevated to such a high level of
of which would apparently justify a higher titles of accounts and putting them in a dignity as to command respect . Then and
price than the current market price ; but, language that the average man on the only then will balance sheets and opera
as pointed out by well - known investment street will readily grasp their meaning and ting statements prepared by certified ac
has
counsellors, “ the more useful purpose of can use them as a ool for analysis. countants be taken on their face value by
302 the balance sheet analysis is to detect ...
Fayl
the investing public and can be relied
the presence of financial weaknesses Furthermore , to make this inducement upon as an important tool of manage
from investment or speculative merits of effective , I believe that the government ment .
an issue .”
e buses
These weaknesses can be discovered
ding by analyzing the working capital position
Date : of the company, the extent of bank in
debtedness , and the size and maturity
pear of bonded obligations.
rs fa:
A low working capital ratio , especially
Deared
Led the
ta
e via
duty :
if very much below the accepted ratio for
that type of business, would be one strong
point against the investment quality of
the common stock of the corporation as
well as its bonds and preferred stocks. if
any. An unreasonably large amount of
OIL ...
eioni current bank indebtedness is indicative o a vital commodity
financial weakness and heralds financial
That
difficulties . A company having a large for industrial and
sable : bonded debt coming due in a short time

her is :
E is
generally creates a critical financial
problem when its operating results are not
So favorable . Investors should not over
agricultural progress!
-egant look such a situation when revealed by ‫ םםםם‬non
the balance sheet
ectora :
A check- up of the reported earnings
‫לחוחר‬
and the relationship between the com
hare :
pany's resources and earning power over по ПП
mus: a period of several years will also reveal
otetor
the weaknesses or the merits of a given
security .
So far I have discussed investment Modern industrial and agri
from the standpoint of institutional in cultural progress has always
interne vestors. It will not probably be out of been linked with petroleum .
OOT place to stress the important bearing of Where machinery must be kept
It is accounting on the present economic mo running smoothly — in factories,
soil th: bilization with particular reference to the on the farms and on the
industrialization program. highways, you will find petro
conti leum products in all its forms.
Never in the history of our country
ed some In the Philippines, UNION OIL
has so much interest in the establishment AIMU has been closely associated with
ating of new industries been aroused as eviden
Dugh the tempo of progress
ced by the crop of new industrial plants supplying this vital commodity
Nr that have been established during the
10
past 12 months , Successful management that speeds up production so
essential for the economic
of an industrial plant depends in no small health of the nation .
measure on the accurate determination of
DET different costs and the presentation of
correct information as to what is going
on in the factory . But what is probably
more important is the information regard
ing the financial status of a corporation
from the standpoint of prospective small
76 UNION OIL PRODUCTS 76TO
investors who should be attracted to in
vest their money in new industrial ven EXCLUSIVE DISTRIBUTORS
tures .
Pr aha
One of the serious drawbacks on
industrialization is the lack of capital .
our

It
THEO . H. DAVIES & CO. FAR EAST, LTD ,
is believed , however, that there is plenty 6th Fioor, Avala Bldg ., Manila Tels. 2-79-41, 2-79-42 , 2-79-43
of hoarded capital which can be mobiliz
ed if proper inducement can be offered .
Small capital hoarded by hundreds of in
St
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Fighting Communism
( Continued from page 17 )
brightened the economic outlook for the average Filipino
as well as for the nation at large . Because it will mean
more employment in the factories that will be established ,
higher individual earnings, elevated standards of living
comparable to those of any progressive countries in the
world, and a greater supply of locally manufactured es
sential commoditie s.
It will not be improbable that the communists will
try to sabotage the government's efforts to carry out
measures intended to increase the productivity of the
working masses. It is their familiar procedure to inter
fere with the execution of national programs of reha
bilitation and recovery as their foremost objective is to
prolong economic sufferings and difficulties to better
achieve their ends . They can never look at any chang
es made by the government which will offer to the down
trodden and unlettered the same opportunities as their
more fortunate brothers .
But whatever barriers may be erected by the com-
munists to nullify government plans for the amelioration
of socio-economic conditions in the country will be of no
avail if the people themselves lend their full support to
the policies formulated by the government to raise pro
duction and living standards in the Philippines. If the
people are convinced that economic reforms can be insti
tuted through peaceful social revolution they will think
twice before they resort to an open war on the govern
ment itself and the men behind it.
Successful implementation of our industrialization
program will be of tremendous help in our fight against
communism. It will make of our country a beehive of
industrial activity. Everybody will be kept busy at work
in the various lines of employment that will be opened
to our people upon the emergence of manufacturing
plants and establishments. There will be expanded
opportunities for work not only for technical men but
also for factory hands or farm laborers . We will need as
much labor supply for manufacturing processes as for
the production of raw materials needed to feed our in
dustrial concerns. Thus, the common workers will have
greater participation in the exploitation of the nation's
wealth and in the growing national productivity .
Simultaneously with industrial development must be
undertaken now, a revamp of our marketing system so
as to correlate it with our central objective of improving
the lot of local producers of raw materials and of relieving
ordinary consumers of the high cost of living. Certain
fundamental changes must be effected before we can
establish a marketing system that will be advantageous
to the economic life of the masses . Among them : ( 1 )
adequate credit facilities ; ( 2 ) elimination of middlemen ;
(3 ) bonded warehousing facilities ; and ( 4 ) organization
of producers and consumers' cooperatives.
The need for more liberal credit facilities for farmers
and small producers can never be overemphasized. From
time immemorial the average Filipino farmer has been
completely at the mercy of usurious money-lenders or
clever “compradores ”, mostly aliens, who have been prey
ing on his financial needs. He has no alternatives but
to go to these exploiters it being very cumbersome if not
impossible for him to get a loan from banking institutions
whereby he can meet his farming expenses or support
himself and his family while waiting for his crop to be
harvested and sold. · Önce he becomes indebted to them
he becomes perpetually chained to them as debt piles
upen debt and he is deprived of any bargaining power as
to when and at what price he should dispose of his
produce.
Numerous typical instances of this virtual enslave-
ment of small farmers by unscrupulous middlemen can
be seen in our rural communities. They show in bold
relief
ed a greatly
in order that defective system
our economy can which must at
be stabilized be its
correct
base .
Many of the marketing problems of farmers can also
be solvedthrough the establishment of bonded warehouses
where products can be stored while waiting for buyers,
and the organ ization warehouses
of more farme rs' cooperatives. The
operation of bonded will facilitate and speed
up the tempo of trading in farm products, while banding
themselves into cooperatives farmers will be in a position
to dispose of bigger capital and to handle the increased
volume of business.
Considerable work has been done , but plenty more
1951 - 1952
remains undone, to bring to completion our long -ranye
project of increasing the productivity and guaranteeing
the economic security of the working masses. It will
take time before the turning point is reached in our
laborious struggle to achieve economic stability for the
lower crust of our national economic structure. There
is plenty of room for improvement at the bottom and it
is imperative that such basic improvement be given pre
ferential attention , otherwise the entire structure may
break down. To this end , no effort should be spared to
rescue the laboring classes from abject misery and the
menacing tentacles of communism. Their betterment
must be our immediate goal .
Our decisive battle against communism is to be fought
not in the hilly bastions of Huklandia nor in the blood
soaked battlefronts of Korea , but in our farms and fac
tories, in our under-developed rural areas and slums, in
the dingy barong -barongs where impoverished and fa
mished families live under subhuman conditions. bereft
of all hopes for self-improvement, consumed by disease.
and with death at all times staring at them in the face
These families are the potential allies of communism
whom we should dread most . They are the ones we
should help now before they decide to help those in the
opposite camp .
The need of the hour, therefore , is economic re
enforcement . Even as we press our armed campaign
against dissidence we should at the same time intensify
food production , industrial expansion, cleansing of graft
and corruption, and restoration of the people's confi
dence in the government. More lands should be opened
for settlement by repentant Huks and landless families
and more public funds should be diverted to the economic
alleviation as well as moral regeneration of the masses.
This is the urgent mission that at the present devolves
upon the government and which must be accomplished if
peace and order is to be completely reestablished in our
land and the menace of Communist penetration is to
be successfully forestalled .
PL Does Her Part
( Continued from page 31 )
ployment and better earning capacity for the workers
and eventually raise the living standards of the people
in all communities. Through these measures, desirable
peace and other conditions may be restored.
An interesting point in the broad canopy of American
aid is the fundamental and basic idea that the recipients
should accept the responsibility of priming and pumping
their resources to complement the grants given . This
principle of self-help underlines ali ECA aid underta
kings. It was made more secure by the counterpart fund
clause which accompanies the grant. In analyzing the
importance of the counterpart clause, Paul G. Hoffman,
former head of ECA , said that it provided for the essential
catalyst that made the difference between success and
failure for ECA aid in every nation that had a shaky
government and mightily helped those that had strong
ones .
The Philippines has more than acquitted itself in
conforming with the imperatives of this basic injunction.
In the relatively short period of eight months — from
September 1951 to April 1952 PHILCUSA
has appropriated $44 million of ECA aid among 45 devel
opment projects. This amount is part of the ECA alloca
tion of $47 million until June 30, 1952, aside from the
$20 million loan earmarked for the Ambuklao power pro
ject . At the rate PHILCUSA has been processing projects
needed to implement the economic development blue
print , the balance of the $47 million would have been ap
propriated before the deadline .
This efficiency augurs well for the succeeding years
of Philippine economic development under the ECA aid
program . For one , it emphasizes strict adherence to the
principle of selfhelp and more important, it will be a po
tent factor in increasing the tempo of ECA aid to the
Philippines.
If this were the gauge of Philippine participation in
the consummation of a new Pacific era that is being ush
ered in by a new orientation through assistance pro
grams, the Filipino people could assuage their hearts with
the thought that they are contributing a big hunk of
the effort.
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 85

The New Social Order

( Continued from page 20)
as seeds, plants, fish, silk worm , medicines and chemicals .
UNESCO has helped also in education through the
reconstruction of laboratories and institutions destroyed
during the war and the establishment and rehabilitation
of libraries . Materials for audio-visual aids , recorders,
and other public information equipment have been con
tributed.
To enrich essential services, the technical assistance
board of the UN and the agencies — UNESCO , ILO, UNI-
CEF, WHO, social affairs has made possible the training
in foreign countries of a good number of Filipinos in the
field of education , statistics, research methods, social
I welfare , engineering agriculture , animal husbandry, lab-
or, health and all other phases of public administration .
These trainees have broadened Philippine contact
with the world and have come back better prepared to
I perform their jobs. They acquire a broadened outlook
so that they learn to appreciate what they have but still
desire to improve. These trainees learn techniques and
methods used in other countries and gain skill in the ap
plication of such techniques to local conditions and
TIR needs . Through this technical assistance program , es
ater sential government services have been established and
of a many more strenghtened.
Public administration now has improved considerably
and with better trained staff, government services pro
COL mise more efficiency to the people.
How have all these activities of the United Nations
and its agencies affected the social order of the Philip
pines ? First, the UN has brought us closer to the other
peoples of the Pacific with whom we are closely knit in
culture and physical environment but from whom politic
ally and in other ways we have been apart for centuries.
A feeling of kinship with these countries is now being
developed with the result that better cooperation can be
achieved not only to protect political sovereignty but also
in the solution of problems common to the East. This
contact has pin -pointed the Philippines as an Asian coun
try which has happily developed Western democracy ,
Christianity and to a certain extent technology.
Because of UN-conducted or inspired surveys, studies
and other fact-finding activities, there has been genera
ted a respect for study, accuracy, factuality and object
ivity in looking at our problems , We have now a changed
attitude towards them. We have always eknown that we
have problems, but today, we do not stop at feeling them ;
we seek to know their true character and magnitude as
a basis for sound planning. We are fast learning from the
experiences of other in meeting our problems but we are
also learning to take our problems as our own — the 30
lutions of which should be ours and not to be borrowed
from others. Thus, even if slowly, our people are devel
oping self -reliance and self-help.
In the process of working out the different avenues
of UN help , the Philippines too is learning more and more
of democratic processes. The Filipinos are learning va
luable lessons in the technique of cooperation , in the
spirit of willingness to lose individuality for the whole, in
total planning and the use of " calculated risk” , in work
ing with purpose and living with joy.
It is UN's dynamic interest in providing social secur
ity to all peoples that has changed the focus of all activi
ties, be it economic, social educational or political , to the
common welfare. By encouraging the maximum devel
opment of the material and human resources of the Phil
ippines, the UN is contributing in no small way to the
building of our national security - the kind of security
that can enable our people to fulfill their destined role
as exponent and bastion of democracy and international
peace in the Pacific.

and
KELLY
10

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oft

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upringfield
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TIR'ES
US
56
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The Kelly Tire Company with more than 50 years experience
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Head Office: Branch Office:
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Tel. 3-89-81 - P. O. Box 159 Tel. 202 – P. O. Box 202
-
 86
Mindanao
( Continued from page 45 )
Why Mindanao Development Has Been
Very Slow
There has realiy been no very serious
attempt to develop Mindanao before 1939,
unless we call “ development” the dump
ing of settlers into Momungan, Lanao , the
transfer of Insular prisoners to what have
been called San Ramon and Davao Pena !
Colonies in Zamboanga and Davao, the
granting of boat fare to immigrants bound
:
for nowhere, and the voluntary migration
of people from various parts of the Phil .
ippines to Mindanao . All these processes
have had one thing in common, namely
that their objectives has always been mer
ely the shifting of population . How many
of them have perished in the attempt ?
The old department of Mindanao and
Sulu , the Bureau of Non - Christian Tribes
made bold attempts at Mindanao develop
ment but they were mainly to attract peo
ple to migrate to Mindanao. The Bureaus
of Lands and Forestry made bold attempts
to systematize and organize land settle
ment and developments but they were
handicapped by lack of funds . The Bu
reaus of Plant Industry , Animal Industry
and Soil Conservation made bold attempts
at research to have a better knowledge of
Mindanao before sending settlers there ,
but lack of support handicapped them
also .
Some serious attempt was made in 1939
by the resettlement of Koronadal Valley
in Cotabato by the NLSA where settlers
were brought but still the main purpose
was to bring excess population of Luzon
and the Visayas to Mindanao and try to
make farmers out of the unemployed ste
vedores of Manila , Cebu and Iloilo . A :
tempt at development was also made by
the RCPA in 1949 when vast tracts of land
in Allah Valley, Cotabato and Maramag ,
Bukidnon , were opened by the use of ma
chinery with the ultimate objective of set
tling this cleared areas . If the RCPA had
been given a longer lease of life it would
have been able to do more . LASEDECO
has been created for the same purpose ,
but it was seriously handicapped from the
start because of the powers that be want
to make it an organization for profit . They
Mindanao
want it to settle and develop
and make money besides .
What we could consider real attempt
at development on the part of the govern
ment would be the establishment and op
eration of a counterpart to the Tennessee
Valley Authority in the U.S. or what had
been attempted and accomplished by cap
italists in the development of the rubber
industry in Basilan Island and some places
in Cotabato. of the abaca industry in Da
vao, and the pineapple industry in Bukid
noon, or the attempts now being made to
harness Maria Cristina Falls to produce
power for industrialization purposes. We
should have more of them to develop Min
danao .
The enthusiasm for the development of
Mindanao must be tampered with a sound
policy based on the conservation of nat
ural resources and wise exploitation of
forests , mines , water resources and soil
fertility . It is essential that at least a
portion of our forests be reserved for fut
ure generations and for conservation pur
poses. Agricultural practices should be
such as to conserve soil and use it where
it is best suited . Lands not fit for agricul
ture should not be used as such to prevent
the existence of marginal lands and porn
farmers .
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
I envision the development of Mindanao
with proper balance . the development of
forestry, mines , water resources, crops , an-
imal industry , fisheries . I envision the
building out of progressive communities
in cities , towns and barrios with proper
attention to educaticn , to the social and
religious welfare of the people , to public
sanitation , and to peace and order .
Businessmen's Participation Essential in
Mindanao Development
The full developinent of Mindanao cał:
not be accomplished solely by small farm-
ers and settlers . Legitimate business musi
help . Experience has shown that small
farmers , must have some part time em
ployment. And their children cannot all
be farmers , different people have differ
ent idiosyncracies. Some of their off
spring should find employment some-
where else. And this can only be provided
by some big plantations and industries.
No country or any section of this coun-
try can fully develop without some kind
of industries . This is why I am in favor
of having portion of Mindanao let to big
corporations . These could give a push to
a farmer who is just starting , in the form
of part time employment. Then too , big
business can point out the way to those
settlers who are inclined to engage in
business on smaller scales and to do their
part in the development of Mindanao.
Farming Opportunities
Rice Production What agricultural
ventures can be undertaken in Minda
nao ? Of course rice and corn can be
grown and are being grown all over the
Islands. But I would say that Cotabato
is the best rice region . According to the
survey made by the late Dean Baker in
1920 this region alone could produce more
rice than the rest of the Philippines was
then producing.
The experience of the College of Agricul
ture, University of the Philippines, the
Bureau of Plant Industry and of the RCPA
show that rice growing both lowland and
upland can be mechanized . The results of
trials made at the Maligaya Rice Experi
mental Station of the Bureau of Plant In
dustry show that lowland rice can be mec
hanized fully from planting to harvesting
if the supply of water is controlled . Of
course , the reparation of the land is mech
anized , the planting i'; done with seeds ,
drilled dry, instead of seedlings , and the
water is applied after the palay has grown.
The harvesting is done by combines after
the water has completely been drained .
The practicability of mechanized upland
rice culture has been proven beyond
doubt by the extensive fully mechanized
upland rice farming of the LASEDECO .
The rice is harvested during the rainy sea
son and the harvested rice has to be dried
but then artificial drying is resorted to .
The cost of production has ranged from
P5.00 to P7.00 per cavan .
Corn - Corn is another crop which the
Philippines must produce in a large scale ,
and to do this profitably, we must utilize
large fields and farm machinery as well .
The U.P. College of Agriculture has prov .
en this
About one - third of our population US ?
corn as staple food , but we are not prod-
ucing enough thus , necessitating importa-
tion of large quantities of it. In 1948
alone , we imported about 24,000 cavans of
this grain . As our corn -eating population
increase and as we enlarge our livestock
industries . more and more corn will be
needed . We must also help our t ' :xtile mills
which prefer cornstarch to cassava starch .
In 1947 , we imported 8,426,223 kilograms of
starch valued at P3,535,530 . Why have this
1951 - 1952
heavy importation when we can produce
most any kind of starch of commerce
here ? Mindanao, where three crops of
corn can be produced in a year and at
comparatively lower cost beckons enter
prising people who are interested in large
production of this cereal
Mongo — Mongo is another crop that may
be grown extensively in Mindanao because
its culture can be fully mechanized as ex
perienced by LASEDECO. It is a good ro
tation crop because it is a legume and is a
good green manure . After a crop of rico
or corn for example a crop of mongo may
be grown with very little cost in land pre
paration . After harvesting a crop of about
10 cavans per hectare by combine, enough
seeds are sov'n to give a well covered field .
This may be plowed under as green -ma
rure before planting the next rice or corn
crop. This system will also help to control
weeds which present a serious problem in
upland rice culture, particularly in Minda
nao .
Mongo is in great demand. Even before
the last world war we had been importing
mongo from Java . We cannot do this
anymore . Mongo is a good protein food
and an excellent protein feed . Researches
have shown that protein in sprouted mon
go is the nearest substitute for animal
protein . We are very short of this feed for
Our poultry .
Abaca Abaca is definitely the crop of
Davao . Southern Agusan . Southern Cota
bato and Southern Bukidnon . This crop
is more the crop of moneyed people be
cause the investment is heavy and the
returns are not immediate , one will have
to wait for one and one - half to two years
before the returns start to come . However ,
people with credit can get liberal term
loans from the banks. To give an idea of
probable investment and profit : Let us
assume we want to develop a plantation
of 1000 hectares on a 5 -year plan . Start
ing with an initial capital investment of
P80.000 for the cultivation of 150 hectares
during the first year, the acreage is prog
ressively increased until a total capital in
vestment of P500,000 is reached by the end
of the fifth year yielding an estimated in
come of approximately P1,600,000 and a
clear profit of P700.000 .
Those intending to go into abaca cul
ture in Mindanao would do well to study
and adopt the methods used by the suc
cessful Japanese abaca planters . Davao
hemp now enjoys a high reputation and
a corresponding price in the world's cor
dage markets. The destruction of the
progressive Japanese hemp industry in
Davao is therefore , a sound reason for in
vesting in the rehabilitation of the indus
try under Filipino capital and manage
ment . Before the war Davao was known
as a little Japan with the population pre
dominantly Japanese, all of whom were
in one way or another connected with th ?
vast abaca plantations managed by Japa
nese corporations . Because of the effi
cient organization of these Japanese cor
perations , the hemp industry in Davao be
came a formidable element in our national
economic life with as much significance ,
perhaps, as the ever powerful sugar inter
ests in the country . One notable feature
of the Davao hemp industry was the fact
that it was undertaken on a large scale
with modern , scientific methods of prod
uction . The Japanese known for their
indefatigable industry and efficiency, es
tablished themselves on a high levei of ecº
nomic life in these plantations . Statistics
reveal that in 1939 the Japanese interest
in this province amounted to some P49,
300,000 of which P33,000,000 was invested
 1951 - 1952
in agriculture, mostly in abaca plantations,
and there were around 16,000 Japanese
Inhabitants of which over one -third were
engaged in agriculture . The Japanese
constructed and maintained 456 kilo
meters of private roads accessible to mo
tor vehicles and produced 70 per cent of
the hemp output of Davao province.
Ramie Ramie is the crop for Davao
and Cotabato . It can be grown both by
large and small growers . The latter how
ever have to depend on a central plant
where decortication and deguming must
ve done . Ramie is a crop of great advan
tage because it may be planted once in 5
21 to 8 years and give harvests after 4 to 6
months and every two to three months
thereafter . The harvest is all year round
under Davao conditions . This is a crop
where several progressive capitalists have
invested and there is room for many more ,
because ramie is the coming fiber. It can
be produced cheaper than cotton. It has
a tensile strength four times that of flax ,
more than eight times that of cotton , and
almost eight times that of silk . It is suit
able for use in the manufacture of arti
cles necessitating long wear and strength
as in canvas, belts, shoe laces, book
T
binding cloth , upholstery and fishing nets.
If we can not produce all the cotton
wanted , why should we not grow ramie
to supplement if not to replace it entire
ly? Ramie can be grown where cotton
can not . A 2-year-old ramie plantation
yields 30 piculs per hectare per year with
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
be fully recovered at the end of the ninth
year . From this year on , there is an esti
mated annual net income of about P448
per hectare based on prewar figures .
African Oil Palm -
The proposal of the
late President Manuel A. Roxas that the
government engage in a large-scale pro
duction of palm oil as a substitute for
coconut oil deserves serious consideration
especially with the reported threat posed
by the cadang- cadang disease to our coco
nut industry . This type of oil is extract
ed from the nuts of a plant called African
oil palm . This palm begins to produce at
the age of three or four years and is re
garded to be even more versatile than the
coconut . The nuts produce two kinds of
oil, the palm oil extracted from thy outer
covering of the nuts and kernel oil derived
from the kernel . The palm oil is used for
the manufacture of vegetable butter , vege
table oil cosmetics, engine fuel , lubricat
ing oil , dynamite and explosives , lubricat
ing greases, soap and candle . The resi
due , after oil extraction , is used as feed
87
for cattle, hogs and poultry. The oil is
used also in the cold reduction process in
manufacturing sheet steel .
In West Africa, palm oil is a basic food .
It is better food oil than oconut oil in
that it contains carotene , a component of
Vitamin A. It is regarded as a good subs
titute for cod liver oil. It is imported in
great quantities by the United States , Unit
ed Kingdom, Germany, France, Holland
and Denmark .
Irish Potato The growing of Irish po
tato is now developing into a big industry
in the downskirts of Mt. Matutum , and the
upper Valleys of Bukidnon. In Matutum
it yields 5 to 10 tons per hectare with the
use of poor seeds without fertilizers, and
crude method of cultivation . Our impor
tation in 1949 was 12,388,033 kilograms va
lued at P2,660,258 which is significant
enough .
Kenaf Kenaf has been in the limelight
recently due to the high price of jute bags .
Trial plantings in Southern Cotabato have
proved successful . With the introduction

C T I O N
PRODU
a cost of production of P1,000 . At the
price of P50.00 per picul a hectare will
TC yield a net gain of P400 per year . Under
better culture and central processing plant
profit will be a great deal more . Our 1941
export was valued at almost P1 million but
due to the destruction suffered by the
industry during the war , our exports fig
ures dropped to P63,558 in 1948. The chief
importers of this product are Japan and
Australia .
Rubber Rubber is another crop first Philippine ' eccnomy's race of the century is now being run . The
to be grown profitably in Zamboanga and participants: production and population. Upon thea outcome of this
race depends the standard of living of the tao -- matter which
Basilan . There are plantations there now
is, or should be , the vital concern of the Philippine government
producing as much as they do in Java . and the Filipino people .
With the progress of the local rubber shoe
Thus, the big problem which this country of ours faces – and
industry and the coming manufacture of wail continue 10 iace perhaps for a long time -
is production .
2 tires which is now starting in this coun
try, raw rubber will be in big demand . Of
According to a report of the Central Bank, while the country is
achieving success in solving its major financial problems, it is still
course, this rubber culture is again an far from its goal of desirable production and real income levels .
industry for the big capitalists because it 至

requires a heavy investment and many The big question , then , is : How can production
years before it begins to produce an income. outrun the rate of population increase ?
**
Black Pepper One common table com The answer , it seems , can only be concerted effort of all
modity and important import product elements geared toward rising productivity.
which can be grown on a commercial scale ,
in the Philippines is black pepper . The For its modest part, the Binalbagan - Isabela Sugar Company , Inc.
6
most promising area for its production is ( BISCOM ) , is happy to report that, having spared nothing in
its endeavor to achieve a rising level of production and
Mindanao. G. M. Goodall, an Englishman having had the full cooperation of the planters,
with several years' experience as agricul employes and laborers , the central hit a new production high
tural officer in charge of the pepper dis of 1,537,849 piculs during the milling season just ended .
tricts of Sarawak , and who was with Gen This figure exceeded last year's BISCOM output by over 100,000 piculs .
T eral Paulino Santos and his inspection
party which toured Mindanao in 1938 , The new output, reached despite the havoc wrought on sugar
submitted
crops by “ Amy," the most destructive typhoon ever to
a paper suggesting that the hit the Visayas , was largely the result of greater efficiency
possibility of developing a Philippine pep in the central brought about by improved manufacturing
per industry be explored . Pepper can be facilities and greater personnel cooperation.
grown either from cuttings from selected
high-yielding vines or from seed . There
are said to be a number of pepper -vines
cultivated in Bataan , and a few in Ba
tangas and other isolated places but these
BINALBAGAN - ISABELA
are on a backyard scale and claimed to
be mostly not of the variety suited for
large scale production . There is a good
market for pepper in the United States,
SUGAR COMPANY , Inc.
MILL :
which imported 47 million pounds valued BINALBAGAN , OCCIDENTAL NEGROS
at approximately 6 million pesos in 1936,
aside, of course, from the local market . OFFICES :
The income from this crop begins on the
fourth year earlier when catch crops are CHRONICLE BUILDING, MANILA
grown, while the criginal investment will

88
of modern method of harvesting and de
corticating, kenaf has become a crop of
promise. The world shortage of jute bags
is expected to get worse as Pakistan needs
the jute lands for its rice crop and as the
demand for this commodity increases . The
annual estimated requirement of the Phil
ippines is 45 million bags. The expected
yield in Cotabato is 2 to 3 tons per hec
tare with a net income of P475 to P1,000
per hectare .
Onion Onion is grown all over Luzon
and the Visayas, but harvest is only in
February and March , and the crop does
not keep for more than two weeks . This
is why onion prices are depressed during
the harvest time and are very high after
that when importation had to be resorted
to. Trials in Southern Cotabato show that
the harvesting season may be extended to
five months . Methods of production have
also been evolved which permit keeping
the bulbs the rest of the year. Onion
growing is sufficient to take care of the
total requirements of over 16,093,100 kilo
grams worth P3,700,000 a year
Trials show an average yield of 5.5
tons per hectare and a cost of production
of about P350 . Potatoes thus produced
will certainly be able to compete with
the imported products because it would
only cost around P0.06 a kilo as against
P0.55 a kilo of the imported kind.
Fruits and other permanent crops
Fruit trees, particularly citrus, and coffee
grow very well in Bukidnon . The little
coffee produced there is of the best qua
lity. Because of high altitude of Bukid
non, 2000 ft. and up, Arabica cofee grows
well in that province. We need this cof
fee for blending with the other kinds of
coffee now grown at lower elevations in
other parts of the country where it can
not be produced because of its susceptibili
ty in those places to the coffee rust disease.
Other Crops— . There are several other
crops which the Philippines should pro
duce either for local consumption , for ex
ports, or both but for lack of time , they
can not be discussed in detail in this pa
least
per. But I can at mention their
names . Cotton and wrapper as well as
Virginia tobaccos are two of them . Tung
and babasu oil plants are two others .
Spices, such as vanilla , nutmeg, clover
and the true cinnamon are others . Minda
nao is the home of Philippine cinnamon ,
indicating further the possibility of this
crop in Mindanao.
Livestock - According to pre-war esti
mates, Mindanao can produce at least
P209,728,000 worth of livestock . Bukidnon
is definitely a cattle country although it
is also adaptable to diversified agriculture .
The terrain is right and climate is excel
lent for beef as well as for work and milk
animals . Transportation to markets will
soon be solved by refrigeration . Difficul
ties in transportation may also be solved
by processing the products in Mindanao .
For example fresh milk may be turned
Into dried milk , cheese , butter , etc. Be
cause feed can be produced relatively
cheap in Mindanao , there is a big oppor
tunity there in hog raising, specially when
considered in connection with the busi
ness of meat processing .
Agro - Industrial Possibilities
Canning of tomatoes and other vege
tables - The establishment of processing
plants for agricultural products is not
only necessary but should also prove to
be a lucrative investment in Mindanao.
For example , tomatoes is grown in most
places particularly in Southern Cotabato.
It can profitably be grown for 8 to 10
months in the year . Any canning plant
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
that will be able to operate that length
of time will pay . And there are many
other vegetables that could be canned and
will be salable in the market ; among them
are carrots, peas, corn and many others .
The establishment of a tomato canning
industry in Mindanao will solve the prob
iem of seasonal shortage of this food com
modity and incidentally stabilize its mar
ket price . It will be a boon to low - incom ':
families who canot afford to buy out -of
season products. A tomato canning plant
capable of producing 5 metric tons of
canned tomato on a 16 -hour
would require a capital investments of
P887,300 plus operating expenses of P946,
270 and give a net profit of over P89,900
on its first year of operation .
Cassava Flour and Starch Manufacture_
With the compulsory mixture of cassava
flour with wheat flour , the manufacture of
cassava flour will bring good returns . Cas
sava can be grown anywhere in Mindanao
particularly in Southern Cotabato where it
could be produced 8 months during the
year . We had many failures of cassava
starch factories in Luzon and the Visayas ,
because of lack of supply of cassava roots
and the short harvesting season of cas
sava. In Mindanao this should not be a
problem because of extensive areas where
cassava could be grown around factories ,
heavy yields obtained , and where there is
a favorable long harvesting season ,
A cassava flour mill with a capacity of
30 tons of fresh roots daily will require
an estimated total investment of P500,000 ,
P325,000 for fixed assets and P175,000 for
six months working capital, calculated to
give 15 % annual return on investment, un
der present prevailing conditions.
Pineapple .-- Of course the record
the Philippines Packing Corporation
show that pineapple canning is a good
investment in Bukidnon . The possibility
of this particular industry requires
elaborate discussion .
Meat Processing . - Meat processing par
ticularly ham and bacon will be lucrative
in Mindanao . The cost of fresh pork there
is only P1.00 per kilo as compared to P2.65
in Manila. The higher cost in Manila is
due to the loss in weight of animals
transit and cost of transpurtation . If the
ham factories in and around
where they have to contend with
high cost of pork, are making money why
should they not make profit in Minda
nao where swine grows well , where there
is abundance of cheap feed and
processed meat is cheaper to transport ?
A small meat processing plant
capacity of 10-20 hogs and operating 8
hours a day, will require an investment
of P165,000 ; P65,000 for fixed assets and
P100,000 for six months working capital .
Under prev :hiling conditions in Mindanao ,
and market prices of processed meat in
Manila , 14 % return on investment may
be assured .
Opportunities For Business
Fertilizer & Lime — To develop and sus
tain profitable agriculture, there are
certain essential requirements . Fertilizer is
one . There are plenty of guano deposits in
the island, and they must be discovered
and exploited . Mindanao has a rich soil
but some parts of it are not rich enough
and require fertilizers for profitable crop
ping . The government is already putting
up an ammonium sulfate plant. Potash
and phosphate deposits should be located .
Indications are that there are
available . The soil in certain portions of
Mindanao , particularly Bukidnon is acidic
-
1951 - 1952
and lime will improve it to a great extent .
There are lime deposits lying around in
big quantities . It would pay for some en
terprising men to develop these deposits th
for local utilization .
Grain Elevators . - In new growing re
gions, like Mindanac, the Chinese com
petition is getting to be keen . Why should Role
not some enterprising Filipino businessmen
start putting up grain elevators there ?
The operation of grain elevators coupled
with a crop loaning system should prove
to be profitable business . Without eleva
schedule tors, the rice crop loans are risky because
unlike the sugai , rice may be sold at any
time by the borrower to the disadvantage
of the creditor . In Mindanao where there ana
are not enough harvesters the rice has to
be threshed by machine, if not harvested me
by combines, and artificially dried. Any TOT
businessman who has these facilities can
be sure of receiving the harvest and he 1M
can safely give crop loans which will in де
sure the palay going to the elevators .
A grain elevator with a capacity of 100 ,
000 cavans of palay will require a total
investment of about P1,400,000. Capital USE
investment alone will be about P520,0000
The net return on the investment would
be about 10 per cent. These figures cover pas
the operation of threshing machines ,
driers, warehousing and milling . To this
must be added the profits from the loans
extended and the sale of rice .
Mining . — The Malangas mines in Zam
boanga is starting to produce in quanti
ties and economically. Other mines, cop
We may
per, gold and iron are starting .
be sure that many more will soon be dis
covered . All these offer great possibilities
for profitable investment by business men
who are interested in the development of
Mindanao .
of
Industries . — With the exploitation
will
of
the Maria Cristina Falls and many others
which are abundant in the hinterlands of
Mindanao, cheap power will be available
no
and many industries will surely develop.
Among them will be home industries.
Seed Business ---Mindanao is a corn coun
try particularly its northern part
where
the people eat corn . It would pay to
start a business of producing hybrid corni
seed, not only for Minadano but for the
in entire Philippines .
The Philippines needs annually about
Manila 120,000 cavans of corn seeds valued about
the P1,500,000. Our corn seeds are poor yield
ers . American hybrid corns are high yield
ers in the states but have not so far proved
as high yielding in the Philippines, and
yet they are offered for sale at about
where
P54.00 a cavan as compared to P12.000 of
local corn. Local hybrids must be developed .
with a Because the government and ordinary
corn growers are not in financial posi
tion at present to undertake this work ,
businessmen , including American capital
ists should be encouraged and invited to do
this work . American and local technical
know-how should be able to help them
make it a financial success . The place
of large scale production of hybrid corn
seeds and of many other kinds of seeds
for that mater , is Mindanao where corn
culture may be mechanized and the grains
produced in that way at half the cost
of producing corn in the carabao -man
way .
A 5 - year project for the production of
hybrid seed corn covering an area of
3,000 hectares will require roughly аса
pital investment of a little less than P2
million , operating expenses amounting to
P2.436,698 and give an estimated profit of
some P1,078,802 after the end of the fifth year .
This project can start on with 200 hec
tares during the first year , increased to

1951 - 1952
500 hectares the succeeding year but it
Is expected to lose during the first two
years of operation. The profits begin to
turn in the third year , estimated at P178,-
111.00. This business will thrive well in
the extensive Cotabato region .
The Role of the Engineers in Mindanao
To conclude this paper I would like to
remind the engineers particularly the ag
ricultural engineers of their role in the
development of Minadano. The develop
ment of that island to a large extent
rests in the hands of the engineers. Of
course , as I have already pointed out ,
Mindanao needs the money of the large
capitalists and the services of other rech.
nical men like the technical agriculturists
surveyors, malariologists, physicians, for-
esters, industrialists and others, but wher.
we come to analyze their respective roles
in the development of that empire is -
land , we find that their success is inextric
ably linked with the work of the engineers
-the men who must plan and supervise
the use of machinery, the construction of
roads and buildings, the establishments
of irrigation systems, the erection of pow
er plants , the building of towns and cl
ties, and the carrying out of proper sani
tary engineering measures. In all these
activities, success will depend on how care
fully and well the plans are made and
carried out. It is quite essential that all
concerned in the development of Minda
nao, the investors as well as the technical
men bear in mind this important fact.
Ylanan
( Continued from page 77)
and their inclusion into the regular curri
cula.
In 1925 , he worked with several other
school officials towards the organization
of an athletic body which would sponsor
games between different schools, and ir.
the same year, the National Collegiate
Athletic Association emerged as the fruit
of his planning. The next year , he started
the summer school of physical education
which is still being conducted at present
In 1929, another " first” was attributed to
him when he opened a coaching school.
He was appointed to his present position
as national physical director and secreta.
ry- treasurer of the PAAF ( then called the
National Olympic Committee ) in 1927 and
begun making plans for a sports center -
With Jorge Vargas, who later
president of the PAAF, he was instrumen
became
tal in the construction of a baseball park ,
a coliseum for indoor games, a swimming
stadium , and a track and football stadium
covering 10 hectares on Harrison Park .
Shortly after the second world war, he
went abroad to study the physical educa
tion system in schools, colleges , and uni
versities and to survey municipal play
grounds and public recreational centers.
During his trip , he represented the Phil
ippines in annual meeting of the Davis
Cup nations, and the conventions of the
Association Internationale de Boxe Ama
teur , International Lawn Tennis Federa
tion and International Amateur Athleti'
Federation .
When the First Asian games were her
in New Delhi, India, he was elected secret.
ary - treasurer of the Federation . He is di
rector of the organizing committee for
the second Asian games scheduled for
1954 in Manila . Ad No. 93 - Revised - Manila
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Pl Education Problems ...
( Continued from page 71 )
ard of living of those who today live in
ignorance and poverty, thus removing one
of the most serious causes of dissidence
thereby strengthening the democratic
foundations of the nation.
Elementary Education
The second most important problem
facing the nation today is to provide a
seven-year period of elementary educa
tion for every child of school age. This
unit of education should be furnished at
public expense and every child who
has
the necessary physical and mental abili
ty should be required to complete it. The
solution of this problem requires the
following :
1. Restoration of the seventh grade
and full - day sessions in all grades .
2. An adequate number of suitable
school buildings so located as to be rea
sonably accessible to all youth of school
age. This is a difficult requirement to
meet, especially in the sparsely populat
ed areas where I suggest that considera
tion be given to the establishment of one
room schools which would accommodate
several grades under one teacher as is
the practice in certain inaccessible areas
of my own country. The important point
is that no child should be deprived of a
full elementary education because of the
location of his home.
3. A trained teacher, with a minimum
of two years of professional training, in
every classroom . This training should
provide for ( 1 ) a broad background of
knowledge in the subjects to be taught,
( 2 ) an adequate knowledge of psychology
with particular reference to child dev
elopment and the learning process, (3 ) an
adequate command of English, which is
the official language of instruction and
( 4 ) skill in the most effective method of
teaching. Tocay 45 % of the teachers of
the nation fail to meet this minimum re
quirement. This situation is due, in large
NORTHWEST ALL THE WAY
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WASHINGTON
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Reservations: MANILA HOTEL
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80
)
measure, to the relatively low salaries
paid teachers whose incomes have not
kept pace with either the increase of
national income or the increase in the
cost of living. Teachers who, at present ,
do not have this minimum of profession
al training should be required to obtain
it as soon as possible through Saturday
and summer classes.
4. Classes small enough in size to ensure
the best conditions for learning. Today
the average number of pupils per teacher
is 59. No teacher can adequately and in
telligently guide the growth and develop
ment of 59 different children at one time.
Class size should be limited to 50 at the
earliest possible moment and as soon as
the necessary teachers and classrooms
can be made available, this figure should
be reduced to a maximum of 40
5. Adequate teaching materials. Today
many schools are seriously handicapped
by a shortage of essential teaching ma
terials such as books, maps and equip
ment for science , industrial arts and
home economics instruction .
6. The school curriculum so modified
or redesigned as to meet the present and
future needs of the nation . The occupa
tion of this country by foreign powers for
several centuries has tended to emphasize
other cultures. Now that independence
has been achieved, the whole program of
public education should be re - evaluated
in order to determine ( 1 ) which aspects of
foreign culture it is in the best interests
of the country to perpetuate and what
aspects 'should be eliminated , and ( 2 )
what new studies are needed to preserve
and enhance national traditions and
ideals and to meet the nation's economic ,
social , cultural and spiritual needs and
aspirations. In terms of these two crite
ria, the educational program should be
modified or if need be , redesigned .
Another helpful guide to your educa
tional leaders in the revision of the edu
dational program is President Quezon's
( Continued on page 96 )
CHICAGO
DETROIT
2 FLIGHTS WEEKLY
AT NO ADDITIONAL COST
Phones : 3-35-20 or 3-35-29
Or Your Travel Agent
Experience...
25 Years 25
how

90
Financing
( Continued from page 33)
bution rapidly becomes intolerable.
“ But it is not necessary for me to la
bor these points to an audience such as
this in the Philippines where the very
acute form of financial instability re
sulting from war and its aftermath was
so keenly felt.”
The Central Bank of the Philippines has
consistently taken the position that sound
economic development can only be suc
cessfully achieved if monetary stability is
not impaired . Under existing conditions.
monetary stability cannot be maintained
if vigorous implementation of the economic
development program is to be effected
through credit.expansion . In its report to
the President of the Philippines of August
11 , 1950 , the Philippine Economic Mission
called attention to the run - away inflation
that could develop under existing condi
tions if “ substantial deficit spending and
indiscriminate bank lending should con
tinue concurrently with the implementa
tion of the investment program .” The
Central Bank's position in this respect was
supported by the Bell Mission in the fol
lowing extracts from its report :
" The present attitude of the Central
Bank is not conducive to the excessive
creation of bank credit for the business
community . The practical danger of an
excessive expansion of credit arises
from the exigencies of Government . If
the Government operates on a large cur
rent deficit which cannot be financed
in other ways , it will in practice have
to be financed by the Central Bank .
The law may limit the amount of di
rect loans to the Government ; and the
Central Bank may resist making even
these loans. In the end, however, the
Central Bank will have to find the means
to enable the Government to meet its
obligations. The only practical and
dependable safeguard is to avoid such
an emergency by a strong fiscal policy.
" Perhaps even more dangerous, be
cause it is likely to be defended with
specious reasoning , is the creation of
large amounts of Central Bank credit
for the Government for investment pur
poses. The government has already in
vested excessively through the various
government corporations. So long as
they do business they will press for more
funds to extend their activities . The
emphasis on development will provide
an atmosphere in which it will be easy
to assume that somehow an expansion
of credit for investment is not infla
tionary . And as this credit will not be
available from the private banking sys
tem , there will be great pressure to sec
ure it from the Central Bank either di
rectly or through the Philippine Na
tional Bank."
☆
“ The need for caution in fiscal , in
vestment and credit policy is urgent in
the Philippines.”
The Effect Of Inflation On Development
It is as development
vital that even
spending is being undertaken by the Gov
ernment, its magnitude and timing be
closely coordinated with its other fiscal
operations and with the investment acti
vities of private enterprises. If this is
not done destructive inflationary pressures
might be generated which could bring about
the failure of the development program it
self. This is particularly important in a
country where inflationary conditions al
ready exist. The size and rate of execu
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
tion of development programs must take
into account the existing inflationary pres
sures and the condition of the country's
Lalance of payments, A Joint Technical
Mission which made a study of the econo
mic condition in Brazil in 1949 , made the
following observations on financial stab
ility as an aid to development:
" A persuasive problem which has faced
the Commission in its study of Brazil's
economic future is the problem of in
flation .: Can a balanced and rapid eco
nomic development , of a kind which will
bring lasting benefit to all the people of
the nation , be achieved in Brazil un
der conditions of rapidly and conti
nuously mounting prices ? The Commis
sion is convinced that it cannot. Be
cause of this conviction the Commission
has placed the greatest emphasis , in its
consideration of every problem which has
been brought to its attention , on the nec
essity of finding solution which will not
only be effective in dealing with the
peculiar problems to which they are ad
dressed , but which will also help to pre
serve the greatest possible degree of
stability of the general price level .
" The continuous rise of the Brazilian
price level which occurred during the
war and postwar years 1941-46 resulted
from causes which , as we shall show
below , do not exist in precisely the same
form at the present time . Nevertheless ,
the effects were , in some respects , the
same as those which a future inflatio
nary price rise , resulting from badly
planned and badly financed attempts
to speed up the country's economic dc
velopment, might bring in its train . In
this sense , Brazil's experience in the peri
od 1941-46 contains important lessons
for the future."
The following significant statements
taken at random from the report of ani
economic mission which prepared a pro
gram of financing the phase of economic
development in Turkey which is to be un
dertaken by the government should also
be of interest :
"We have already pointed out that, if
inflation is to be avoided, the total vol
ume of spending in an economy, whe
ther for investment or for consumption
purposes , must be limited to the resour
ces available from foreign and domes
tic sources. It is clear that the amount
which is devoted to investment at any
given time should not be so large as to
result in restricting consumption un
duly . These principles have necessari
ly guided us in projecting the amount
of resources that we estimate can be
made available for developnient during
the course of the next five years."
女 reached through reason seem to be
" To estimate the order of magnitude
of the resources that may be made
available in 1952 and 1952-56 from do
mestic sources, the Mission has used
as a starting point the amount of do
mestic savings and investment in 1949 ,
for in that year investment was gen
erally financed in a non - inflationary
manner ."
The importance of economic stability to
the success of any program of economic
development was stressed in the following
portions of the report of a U. S. Mission
to Colombia :
" Is an investment program averaging
Ps . $1 billion a year over a five -year
period too large or , in other words, is it
consistent with the maintenance of
stable prices, exchange receipts , gov
ernmental revenues and internal phys
Show
1951 - 1952
ical factors ?
“ Translating this apstract discussion
into real terms , it is obviously of the
greatest importance that the investment
program should not be larger than the
voluntary saving of the economy ( plus
pudget surplus, if there is any) under
>
conditions of full employment. Other
: wise , inflation will occur and the pro
gram will be jeopardized ."
* The maintenance of price stability
is an indispensable condition for reap
ing the full benefits or private foreign
investment in a country without paying
an excessive price . Under inflationary
conditions, the returns to equity hold
ers increase more rapidly than other
types of income and the earnings may
be disproportionate to the original in
vestment. This phenomenon, which is
in effect a transfer of real income from
the community to property owners ,
arises from monetary factors and is not
a reflection of increased efficiency. Con
sequently, unless an underdeveloped
country can maintain stability, it may
find itself forced to limit earnings on
foreign investments and in this way to
decrease their attractiveness to foreign
investors
六 ☆ ☆
" The task of determining in advance
the correct magnitude of investment or
capital formation to insure full em
ployment, on the one hand , and yet
avoid inflation on the other, is very
difficult and yet it is the most essen
tial element in economic planning ."
That inflation could result in a mis
directed use of capital resources can be
noted in the following passage of the re
port of a Mission to Colombia in 1950 :
" Capital formation under inflationa
ry conditions tends toward projects
which will be profitable over the near
term rather than to long - term econo
mic development needs . Thus there
has been a great deal of speculative in
vestment and of investment not direct
ed to meeting essential needs . This ap
pears to have been the case especially
in construction . Under more stable
conditions it is likely that the direc
tion of capital formation would have
been more in line with the basic needs
of the economy. And since capital is
scarce in Colombia, the country can ill
afford misallocations. "
The following observations of a Mission
to Chile in 1950 indicate that the goal of
industrialization cannot be reached through
the path of inflation :
“Furthermore, the conclusions just
borne by experience . The greatest in
dustrial growth in the last century has
occurred in the United States , the Bri
tish Commonwealth, and Western Eu
rope . This growth was achieved under
conditions of reasonably stable prices.
The more recent growth of the planned
economy countries has occurred through
government saving . Latin America ,
where inflation has been most rife, has
lagged behind the rest of the Western
World in the progress of industrializa
tion. It has already been pointed out
that the increase in real income in Chile
in the period since 1940 has been far
from spectacular. Taking the world as
a whole there has been an inverse cor
relation between inflation and industrial
progress."
( From a chapter of a book of the author,
" Financing of Economic Development ”)
1951 - 1952
UN Science
( Continued from page 25 )
Educational Mission to the Philippines in
1948 and two special Unesco consultants
have already accomplished their work
here in implementation of the recommen
dations of that mission .
Due to the new extensions of United
Nations activities, the Philippines was in
cluded in the Unesco Technical Assistance
Program . Four specialists, sent by Paris
Headquarters, are here in Manila working
in clase cooperation with the Department
of Education in Science Teaching, Adult
Education , Teacher Education , and Gui
dance and Counselling.
In the near future, the local Unesco
Office will publish a List of Scientific and
Educational Institutions and Cultural So
cieties in the Philippines together with
the List of Scientists with their particular
specialties . It may be possible also that a
new Unesco International Center for Fun
damental Education will be established
here for the South East Asia countries
in harmony with the Unesco program to
establish such centers in various parts of
the world . The objective is to form in each
region a nucleus of specialists in funda
mental education who will be able to use
their experience in training local experts
who will in turn create national centers .
One of these International Centers is al
ready established in Patzcuaro , Mexico,
for Central and Latin American countries
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
and another one for the Middle East
countries will soon be inaugurated in
Cairo , Egypt.
Popularization of science is considered
as of particular interest among Unesco
activities in the Philippines , not only by
the Unesco Technical Assistance experts ,
but by the Science Cooperation Office as
well. Various scientific films are expected
here soon and they will be shown with ac
companying lectures to schools, universi
ties, and advanced research workers .
To glve new encouragenient to scienti
fic research some regional scientific sym
posia may be held in the Philippines in
the relatively near future. Unesco has al
ready set aside funds for a symposium on
the biological aspects of oceanograhy
which will meet during the 8th Pacific
Science Congress scheduled to convene in
Manila in 1953 under the sponsorship of
the National Research Council of the Phi!
ippines .
Through all this work , the Unesco Of
fice in Manila has tried especially to at
tain the following goals : To help the Phil
ippines to establish its rightful place in
the cultural and scientific community of
the world and particularly to become “ re
gion - conscious . ” Various neighboring na
tions have the same problems and it is
necessary to concentrate the efforts of all
countries of the region to solve them , es
pecially when the economic conditions
and lack of adequately trained personnel
21
do not permit the
establishment and
maintenance of important national labor
atories. Scientific problems in particular
have the most obvious importance in the
economic development of each country
and it is absolutely necessary that the
Philippines maintain its rank in the new
era of world cultural progress.
Sciences have always enjoyed the pri
vileged position that, as basically interna
tional, they can bring together peoples of
various nations of entirely different
backgrounds and help to solve the misun
derstandings which so often disturb our
world . Moreover, it has often been in the
past that by probing all material and cul
tural resources , scientific progress ad
vanced much more quickly than when re
search is done in isolated laboratories.
But all this cannot be accomplished by
simply imitating and following what is
invented abroad . Every freedom - loving
country must bring its own contribution
to the altar of world culture to be able to
profit from its advances . The Philippines
has an established position and many able
individuals . It should not be forgotten
that a nation shows its greatness through
its outstanding individuals and often the
smallest countries have brought major
achievements to aid the progress of man ..
kind and thus have established themselves
equals with greatest world powers . The
local Unesco Office can only assure all its
( Continued on page 93 )

SAVE --
UNIOCVER The ECA - supported program for the development of our country

ARELLANO ULIS will create many opportunities for wise investments economically benefi
cial to our country .
Your savings of today help make capital available for such in
vestments now , and will enable you to capitalize on such economic
38

opportunities tomorrow.
19

SAVINGS DEPOSITS WITH US EARN

INTEREST COMPOUNDED QUARTERLY
Member: Philippine Association MANILA
of Colleges and Universities CHINA BANKING CORPORATION
( Incorporated in the Philippines 1920 )

UNIVERSITY China Bank Bldg . , Da marinas ror. Juan Luna , Manila

Branch – Cebu City , Philippines
Correspondents In all the principal cities of the world .
Paid- Up Capital, Surplus, Reserves and Undivided Profits
over P18,000,000.00
EVERY BANKING SERVICE
Colleges and Schools
* ARELLANO GRADUATE SCHOOL
* ARELLANO LAW COLLEGE
* COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES For Sincere Service
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OF ALL KINDS
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OF TEXTILES .
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TONER PRICAILY USDEPENDENTNATIONALNEWSPAPER WILLIAM LI YAO

NGNISM
Proprietor & President

92 THE PHILIPPINE
UN Technical Assistance
( Continued from page 23 )
participate in the teaching of vocational and social stud
ies as resource personnel. In such groups the teacher
acts as an enlightened guide in stimulating new projects.
The puroks or parents' councils organized by the commu
nity schools have been stimulated to undertake new pro
jects but more and sustained support is needed.
It is hoped that Mr. Krishnamurthy's project will
enable the puroks to obtain a far greater volume and
variety of reading materials for the adults together with
audio-visual aids . In addition the leaders of the com
munity will be given assistance in maintaining interest
in the puroks and in guiding the community toward the
solution of the problems with which it is faced.
Dr. Holbro, a specialist in science education from
Switzerland , is at present planning his project with the
department of education . Since the natural sciences are
involved in various technical and agricultural fields their
importance cannot be stressed too much.
After a preliminary study of the actual conditions
and possibilities with members of the Department , Dr.
Holbro will probably, in the near future , commence two
projects. In the first place there will be a workshop
course for teachers or student teachers, in which empha
sis will be placed on the construction of simple demons
tration equipment from readily available local material .
Secondly it will be necessary to introduce the construc
tion of more complicated demonstration equipment in
vocational schools or private workshops where the nec
essary fabrication machinery and tools will be available.
Construction of this equipment will remove the necessity
for importing it from abroad . In certain cases UNESCO
will make certain pieces of apparatus available to serve
as models for some of the more complex equipment. The
construction of both types of equipment will be based on
a survey of the needs of the various schools and colleges.
In addition to this aspect of the project, Mr. Holbro
will direct a programme which will include the estab
lishment of Science Clubs for the popularization of
Science and the use of the radio and press for improving
education in this field.
Mr. Thomas R. Rowell, C.B.E , has been connected
with teacher education for the past twenty - eight years
and was lately Director of Education in Hongkong where
he was responsible for the foundation of two of the three
teacher training colleges .
Convinced that the only sure foundation for any
system of education and, indeed of any community is a
body of carefully selected , well trained , competent and
happy teachers, Mr. Rowell is at present studying the
system by which this can be achieved in the Philippines,
with the possibility of offering advice whereby improve
ments may perhaps be made in the curriculum , the syl
labus and methods and equipment. He will also study
the training of young teachers in the rural areas. In
these areas teachers are required who are not only com
petent in the classroom but also have a real feeling for
rural life.
In the very short time that Mr. Rowell has been in
the Philippines he has made a number of short visits to
colleges in Naga, Albay and Legaspi and has been im
pressed by the enthusiasm for and awareness of what
education can do for the improvement of living condi
tions .
Dr. K. Ramiah , director of the Central Rice Research
Institute in Cuttack, India has recently been assigned
to the Food and Agriculture Organization's Technical
Assistance Programme. Dr. Ramiah in this position will
act as a consultant to the countries of the Asia Area in
all matters relating to rice breeding and cultivation. He
recently spent some time in the Philippines with mem
bers of the bureau of plant industry and LASEDECO
discussing problems in this field.
In addition to the programme of assistance where
specialists are brought into the Philippines to carry out
special assignments the United Nations also awards fel
lowships for experienced men and women from the coun
try to travel abroad for special training and observation .
Already a large number of fellows have been sent from
the Philippines in a number of fields and this practice
- 952
YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
will continue with the expanding programme in the fu ielopinue
ture . Contin
ang ab
This, then , surveys the programme as it stands at avai
present. It is still a young programme but already it of som
shows promise of what can be achieved. minis
It will be a long range project and could extend over revc
a number of years. Results in some aspects will be self nder th
evident in a short time while the majority will take time
Leady ir
to demonstrate . Ultimate success will depend on many es frigati
factors. Not the least of these will be government sup tares
port and a mutual confidence and trust between those wagad
members of the Government and the organizations of the al 82
United Nations working side by side in the common aim 3 expec
to carry out a constructive programme for economic der. many
elopment . sure n
roug
за уе
mold .
American Aid is the
( Continued from page 30 ) cror
rice yields . We also have a rice geneticist now at work fertili
with Philippine plant breeders to improve rice varieties.
We welcome industrial projects that appear to be June
economically feasible and which will process those items
short to
produced here in abundance. It is in this type of indus
Tith th
trial development that the multiplier effect on the eco
* Tere
nomy is greatest. Necessary servicing and supporting
projects such as low-cost hydro -electric power projects aducti
. aband
are also given careful consideration .
sre
At the same time that we are emphasizing increased K. t
agricultural output, we are furnishing assistance and ex mu
perts to help improve transportation facilities ; educa
tional facilities, particularly in vocational fields of agri BCA
culture , industry and trade, auto mechanics, etc. , and
public administration . an
Some of the projects already approved and receiving
tertil
Apri
support include rehabilitation of the Agricultural Col
lege and Experiment Station at Los Banos ; equipment
The
and demonstration aids for agricultural agents,; pur
chase of fertilizer and irrigation pumps ; the purchase of ba
some 450 boars and bulls for upgrading the Philippine nap
livestock ; soil survey and conservation equipment ; equip
ment for rice and corn improvement and multiplication octer
programs ; equipment and facilities for cereal pest con
trol and for research and development work on coconut ja se
abaca , ramie, and jute ; equipment for animal disease
control; equipment for public land subdivision , land clas
sification and land settlement operations; facilities and
equipment for a forest products laboratory at Los Banos;
equipment for fish pond culture and development; equip
ment for Mindanao development roads; flood control ac
tivities through river dredging and river control facilities;
purchase of equipment, supplies, etc. , for malaria control
and tuberculosis control; an extensive school health pro
gram ; pipe and facilities for improved rural water sup
ply and sanitation projects; rehabilitation of Alabang
Vaccine Laboratories; establishment of rural health
centers ; rehabilitation of hospitals, including
rehabilitation of the Philippine General Hospital and
about half of the more than 80 provincial hospitals in the
nation ; facilities and equipment for eighteen agricultural
high schools and fourteen industrial schools ; and funds
to pay the cost of sending some 12 Filipino trainees to
the United States for additional study and observation .
In pursuit of the major policy to increase agricultural
production , considerable funds are planned to be alloca
ted for the fiscal year 1953 for irrigation projects and
other agricultural projects , including settlement and de
velopment projects which will increase farm output, re
duce demands upon national balances for imports, and
improve the lot of the typical farm tenant and thus con
tribute to the improvement of peace and order. However,
along with these projects will go funds for operation of
many of the types of projects just mentioned which to
gether comprise a balanced approach to a sound improve
ment of the Philippine economy as a whole.
Funds which are made available for future years,
both dollar and peso amounts, will undoubtedly depend
upon the accomplishments of our initial efforts, world
and U. S. conditions, and the speed and effectiveness with
which Philippine leadership can absorb and carry out ex
pansion and development programs. The challenge is
great , but equally grea is the promise of our response .
1951 - 1952
Developing Agriculture
( Continued from page 42)
ually bring about economic stability may be
seen from available progress reports of op-
eration of some of them . The irrigation
pump administration which started on a
P1,000,000 revolving fund and now opera-
ting under the MSA assistance program ,
has already installed 45 pumps in 15 pro-
vinces irrigating 4,698 hectares , besides 1,
500 hectares more to be irrigated during
this palagad season . The installation of an
additional 82 units before the end of this
year is expected to expand the irrigateci
area in many provinces. Irrigation cpes not
only insure normal harvest during a per-
iod of drought but makes possible two
harvests a year and thus increase produc
tion twofold . The expansion of irrigation
facilities , therefore , is a positive factor in
boosting crop production .
The fertilizer administration created on
January 2 , 1950 started to operate with a
P1,000,000 revolving fund. From July 1 ,
1950 to June 30, 1951 , it soid a total of 7,
283 short tons of fertilizer to 33,000 farm-
ers. With this quantity about 66,000 hec
tares were fertilized , bringing an increase
in production of 660,000 cavans of palay.
This abundant harvest aroused fertilizer
consciousness among rice and corn farm --
ers. Thus, the demand for fertilizer has
been stimulated .
The ECA -PHILCUSA fertilizer project
enabled the fertilizer administration to
expand and intensify its activities with
more fertilizer and additional personnei .
As of April 1 , 1952 around 30,000 tons of
Tertilizer, equivalent to 655,000 100-1b bags
had arrived for distribution . A total of
180,000 bags have already been distributed
among approximately 41,000 farmers. The
fertilized area estimated at 57,000 hectares
is expected to produce an increase of 570,
000 cavans of palay . Based on actual re
sults a fertilized farm yields from 5 to 20
cavans of palay more per hectare than
without fertilizer..
Through a nation - wide sales system un
der the fertilizer administration of the de
partment of agriculture and natural res-
ources, more and more farmers are served
by the project. Fertilizer is sold at the de-
partment of agriculture building in Ma
nila and through provincial agricultural
supervisors, fertilizer supervisors or muni
cipal agricultural inspectors who gave at
the same time instructions and demons
trations on how to use fertilizer. Adequate
stocks are kept in provincial capitals and
KOLYNOS ANACIN
KOLY
DEN
NOS
CRE
TAL AM
MULLER & PHIPPS ( Manila ) LTD .
BONIFACIO
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
in municipalities to bring the supply with-
in easy reach of farmers . In order to po-
pularize the use of fertilizer among sma !!
farmers , it is sold at 10 to 20 percent low-
er than the prevailing market prices and
on easy terms of payment.
Another project that is producing ap-
preciable results is the abaca research and
development project . Its operation under
the bureau of plant industry intensified
the campaign against mosaic disease
which wrought havoc on abaca plantations
in Mindanao. The use of weedkiller and
insecticides by spraying , the planting of
healthy suckers and doing away with in
ter -planting corn with abaca are among
the measures taken in the campaign . The
latest reports reveal that mosaic infesta
tion is now under control. The drive ag
ainst this disease has progressed so well
that abaca production in the
affected
areas increased from 370,514 bales in 1950
to 483,464 bales in 1951 .
In the field of livestock improvement
and animal production concrete steps are
now being taken to intensify the activities
pursued for years by the bureau of animai
industry . For instance, of the 452 Austral-
ian boars purchased by ECA dollars in-
tended to improve and increase hog prod-
uction , 193 have already arrived and the
remainder is expected to come soon . Hog
raisers will be served through sales or loan
of the boars .
The distribution of public lands among
the landless which had been going on on
à limited scale , received a big push with
the start of the public agricultural land
subdivision project under the bureau of
lands. Subdivision survey is now underway
in the following places :
Area (Ha . )
1. Dinas , Zamboanga
2. Compostela , Davao
3. Monkayo , Davao
4. Libertad , Agusan
5. Buldon , Barira
6. Dipolog, Zamboanga
7. Labason , Zamboanga
8. Tipo - Tipo Valley , Zamboanga
9. Cabanglasan Valley, Bukidnon .
10. Claveria , Or . Misamis
11. Tago, Area , Surigao
12. Nicaon, Cotabato
13. Maapag Plains, Bukidnon
14. Maygatasan -Nuevo Sibagat
15. ( a ) Brooke's Point, Palawan 10,000
( b ) Aborlan 12,000
16. Sablayan , Mindoro 26,000
At the same time investigation of num-
Distributed
by
DRIVE MANILA
93
erous land claims and disputes is going on
in Davao , Cotabato and Zamboanga to
pave the way toward the final disposition of
vast tracts of farmlands to lawful and de
serving claimants.
The successful prosecution of these and
similar activities under the project means
expansion of our cultivable lands with the
consequent increase in agricultural out
put and security in landholdings . But this
is not all .
A further boost to agricultural develop -
ment is seen with the training abroad of
personnel in the various branches of agri
culture . Already a total of 11 trainees have
been selected for this year alone to under
go technical training in public land sub-
aivision, animal industry , forestry work ,
soil conservation , and fertilizer project.
With these various projects in addition
to those which are due for approval anı!
execution , Philippine agriculture is taking
an accelerated pace of development . It is
pursuing a program revitalized by a more
effective technical guidance , increasing
facilities in funds and equipment , and it
is stimulated by a national reawakening
to the need for intensified development
and exploitation of our natural resources.
Its goal is the production of more food
crops to satisfy the basic requirements of
our increasing population and the prod
uction of more export crops to stabilize
cur foreign trade . We can realize this goal
soon if we do not slacken in our undertak
ing, but instead pursue it with greater vi
gor and stronger determination .
Adequate food supply and a stable eco
nomy will drive away want, misery and
12,000 discontent, where communism thrives .
55,000 Economic security, therefore, will also
31,000 inean security to our democratic institu
20,000 tions.
10,000
25,000
23,000
13,00
14.000
0 UN Science
6,000 (Continued from page 91 )
7,000 friends that all possible assistance will be
15,000 given to them to attain our common goal,
10,000 which is the peace and the prosperity of
10,000 the world with a sense of justice and mu
tual respect among all nations as embo
died in the United
Nations Declaration
of Human Rights and the United Nations
Charter.
ANACIN
.
WIIN QUE
TEL. 3 - 34 - 01
94 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
and defrauded of the benefits awarded . By way of comparison, is the Philippine
Veterans Payments In many instances the investigations con National Bank agency in New York City
(Continued from page 27 ) ducted and prosecutive action instigated authorized to accept deposits ? Would a he
has been an Army problem from beginning by USVA representatives have resulted in branch or agency of any Philippine bank,
to end. The " end" part of it occurred on the restoration of the stolen benefits and if established in England or some other
June 30 , 1948 . the punishment of the guilty person . European country, be permitted to accept
As of April 1952 the local office had re cieposits ? Did prewar Japan permit for
ceived since the war a total of nearly The constant question being asked Gen eign banks within its territorial jurisdic
200,000 separate claims. Over a third of eral Lovett is : tion to accept deposits ?
these ,-about 70,000 were National Service
" But how long will these payments con
Life Insurance claims. Death compens ).
tinue ? ” On this question , various countries of
tion claims were 95,000 . Of all the claims the world have followed the strictly na
received about 120,000 were based on serr- The answer of the U.S.V.A. manager is : tional'stic pattern . Yet there has been no
ice in the Philippine Army or recognized " In some cases, for the life of the bene serious criticism and there have not been
guerrilla units. ficiary . The U.S.V.A. life here is indefinits , advanced any sufficiently weighty ar

More than one claim may be filed basei

but some beneficiaries will be paid through . guments against the nationalistic policy
out this generation .” of making the acceptance of deposits as
on the service of a particular individual ; the exclusive prerogative of domestic
for example, in death cases both of the banks in every country in the world , for
dependent parents and the widow mar STATISTICS ON VETERANS HOSPITAL no better plan has been evolved as yet
file, and both insurance and compensa Location Diliman . Quezon to insure the proper husbanding of bank
tion claims may be filed in some cases. Up City resources .
Estimated Cost P30,000,000 plus
to April 1952 claims had been filed based Number of Build
on the military service of over 130,000 dif ings Twenty -seven ( 27 ) The experience of China has been dup
ferent individuals. Area of Grounds 138 acres
Number of Beds .. 700 plus licated by our own experience that the
In handling these many cases there is Eligibles Veterans of Phil
difficulties being encountered in obtain
naturally a large volume of correspond ippine Army &
ing a larger participation in the funda
ence . In April, 1952 for example , there Recognized Guer mental economic enterprises of the coun
rillas try is traceable to our insignificant share ‫و معنا‬
were 67,000 pieces of incoming mail and Miles of al

over 44,000 outgoing pieces. Personnel of Roadways Four ( 4 )

in the administration of banking facilities
the office average nearly 1,000 personal Building and services .
contacts each day, about 3/4 of them in Features Fireproof, earth
Manila . quake proof, tro Control over deposits is then the crux
pical construction
Separate Units Surgical Convales of our more positive and productive role TO

As stated before , the primary mission cent Tubercular in the economic development of our coun
of the USVA office is to award benefits Plant try, and it is this development which will
payable under U.S. laws to veterans and Features Water supply determine if the Philippines will be a
their legal dependents. But as a corol Sewage disposal mere figurehead in the present attempts
Power plant to coordinate the efforts of the various
lary to this mission the office also assists Garbage incinerator
in protecting the rights of the beneficiar Repair shops independent countries of the Far East for
ies in receiving the benefits awarded them . Artificial limb fac the realization of their national salvation
tory and the achievement of collective protec
When the person entitled to benefits is Laundry tion and security . The principle of nation
Conveniences Bowiing alleys
under a legal handicap, that is unsound Chapels al economic self - determination is being it

mentally or under age, the VA chief at Libraries
torney's office arranges for a competen: Recreation halls
individual or trust company to be appoint Movies
Radio receivers
ed to receive the payments and insure each bed
that they are used for the sole benefit of Officially , the original estimated cost
the beneficiary . There are nearly 8,600 was P18,800,000.00 , the amount ap
such cases now . Their estates, derived from propriated by the U. S. Congress for
the project . Because the bids sub
으
harmonized with the principle of mutual
assistance among a group of nations, and
in certain economic matters, among ali
for
the countries of the democratic world .
Under this new set - up, the colonial frame
of mind which regarded the resources of
weaker peoples to be the legitimate prize

veterans payments, totalled over five mil of stronger peoples should be obliterated . CA

lion pesos. mitted for construction were in ex

cess of the amount available , steps
DO
are being taken in the U. S. to have Every country committed to the idea of
All " guardians" or " legal custodians additional funds added to the origin
OPP
collective economic development and pro for
are required to file an accounting each al figure , sufficient to equal the low tection should realize that the only way
est bid . pere
year of all funds received and expenderi. by which the continued existence and Govo
A Philippine law covering this, which pa workability of such arrangements may be Conce
rallels U.S. laws, was passed in 1949. guaranteed is by increasing the capacity nd
The Veterans Administration also tries
Banking of all members to support them , and thai tels
to help veterans and their legal deperi this increased capacity can become an
dents who are victimized by racketeers ( Continued from page 35 ) accomplished fact through the full play, i TTS
There is a unanimity of opinion that
subject to certain incentives, of the dis
increased agricultural production and di ciplines of self -determination and se ! f
26 &

STAFF OFFICERS versification and adequate industrializa wit

of the tion will remedy our major ills. Banks help. It is realized that no one single na
U. S. VETERANS ADMINISTRATION can provide the necessary credit facili tion or combination of nations can supply
Manager R. B. Lovett ties to finance these undertakings. We the full range of requirements- tangible
Assistant Manager George A. can only secure the full benefit of such as well as intangible — which would raise
Kramer the levels of production and the standards
Chief Medical facilities by amending the banking sta
Officer tutes in the sense of prohibiting the ac of living everywhere, and that in no coun
Wiliam L.
Crutchett ceptance of deposits by banks which are try can these goals be achieved , regard
Chief Attorney less of the magnitude of outside assist --
Douglas M. not incorporated under Philippine laws .
Morrill ance, unless the people themselves under
Adjudication take the discovery and realization of their
Officer Emerson E. Acceptance of deposits should be an
own potentialities.
Johnston exclusive privilege of domestic and locally ;
Rehabilitation incorporated banks . There should not be
Officer Earle M.
There is need for this awakening ; there
any cpportunity for anyone , native or al is need of our becoming aware of the re
Sawyer scurces that we have and the uses to
Contact Officer Henry N. ien , to gather the milk and honey of the
Conway land and entrust them for safekeeping to which they can be put ; there is need of
Finance officer Gordon M. institutions which owe their allegiance our taking the necessary steps so that
Blanken these resources can be mobilized and
primarily to lands beyond the seas. If the
ship Philippines affords sufficient security for
Supply Officer George L. channeled into socially -desired outlets-
Zoll any one to expand his industrial and and the control of deposits is crucial to
Personnel Officer Thomas Hurt business activities , then the domestic this whole process. It certainly and most
Chief, Administrative banking institutions should be sufficiently cbviously is one of the first basic steps
Division William E.
Diner
reliable as places for the safekeeping of in the implementation of the program of
accumulated funds . self -determination and self - help .
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 95
ed for 1953 and it is expected that the
number of fellowships, of which many
The History of have already been awarded for advanced
study in various fields of health , will be
increased.
About 30 fellowships have so far been
THE UNIVERSITY OF MANILA awarded, either under : WHO Regular or
TAED programmes or on behalf of UNI
CEF . These have covered the fields of
nursing, public health nursing , orthopedic ,
By: JEREMIAS FLORES children's , and plastic surgery, industrial
hygiene, nutrition , tuberculosis, mental
health, serology, medical social service ,
HIRTY -NINE years ago at a time when pri pect of the course , the cultural side of foreign
environmental sanitation , international
T vate institutions of learning in the Philippines service as a life career is stressed . epidemiology public health administra
Here at the pioneering stage , the University of The College of Business Administration has as :
Nianila started as a modest institution offering its goal the training of executives to handle and tion , vital and health statistics, venereai
( nly elementary and high school courses , housed solve commercial and economic problems , giving
in a leased building at the corner of Madrid and an essential cultural background and a thorough disease control, general public health, and
Peñarubia streets , Binondo, Manila . Not long familiarity with general business facts , principles ,
afterwards , however the institution , then called
epidemiology.
practices, and to developing resourcefulness and in
the Instituto de Manila , grew too large for its rent. dependence of thinking in the analysis of business Early in 1952 , provision was made by
ed quarters so it had to transfer to its own build facts and problems .
ings in Sampaloc. Today, the University
roveral departments, namely , the Graduate School,
has
Its Faculty WHO for the participation by Philippine
1 the Colleges of Law , Liberal Arts , Education , Busi health workers in two important meet
ness Administration , Junior Normal, School of For The University of Manila has maintained a

eign Service, High School and Elementary School.
Its Colleges and Schools
The graduate department provides opportunity
for specialization and intensive research . Four
curricula , namely , Master of Arts in Political
Science , Master of Laws, Master of Arts in Edu
cation , and Master of Arts in History are offered .
Classes are conducted on an advanced
the students are given ample opportunity to
research on some vital topic in their chosen field .
Probably the best known department of the
university is the College of Law . Established as
the National Law College in 1919 headed by Judge
A. Crossfield , it was formally incorporated into
the University of Manila in 1921 . The first dean
was former Justice Norberto Romualdez , who
later was succeeded by Justice Felicisimo Feria and
Justice Cesar Bengzon . This college can look back
with pride to the many legal luminaries who
taught or studied under its wing. Its record in
the bar examination has been consistentiy high ,
with topnotchers among the first ten . Iu the
last bar examinations, the University cbtaincd
first place : in 1948 and in 1949 second plares
its alunni, several of
Or
them have been cabinet
members , congressmen , judges, provincial govern
ment executives , heads of government offices and
bureaus , business executives , educators , and pro
minent practitioners .
The College of Liberal Arts not only teaches the
principal courses traditionally embraced in the
humanities and social sciences but also gives the
necessary cultural background for those intending
to study law , medicine , foreign service, education .
engineering, business administration , dentistry
journalism, pharmacy . nursing , and military
science . It provides a special training for posi
tions in the civil service and in the quasi -govern
mental organizations , and conducts fundainental
researches on the basic problems facing the coun
try .
The College of Education and Junior Normal
College are dedicated particularly to the training
of teachers to man the ever - growing network of
Echools and colleges all over the country, and to
provide opportunities for professional and cultural
growth for those already in the teaching field .
These two colleges stress teacher -training and so
cial competence .
The School of Foreign Service which was opened
in 1946 to meet the needs of the Republic is pri
ny:arily concerned with the proper training of future
officers and personnel of the diplomatic and con
sular offices of the Philippines and of experts in
foreign relations who are needed by commercial
establishments, the different organs and instru
Dientalities of the United Nations ,
radio firms . and banking institutions. The UM
School of Diplomacy believes in the use of dip
icmacy as an instrument of peace and human
progress , and seeks to instill this belief into the
minds of its students . Besides the technical as
worthy of employing only select
tradition and ings — the International Symposium ir
competent faculty members for its various colleges Yaws Control held in Bangkok and the
and schools . The faculty of the university are
chosen for their personal fitness to teach and ins
pire students to succeed in their respective courses
Nurses Study Week Programme in New
and to be useful citizens . Graduates from leading Zealand . A Tri-Regional Conference will
educational institutions of the Philippines , the
be held in India during July , a Group
United States , and Europe, educators , scholars ,
authors, technical experts , executives , judges , lin Study Course for nurses is planned to be
level , and guists, and legislators , have been engaged to teach
do in the university . held in Taiwan later this year, while a Re
Extra - Curricular Activities
gional Health Statistics Seminar will be
Classroom instruction in every college or school held in Tokyo during August and Septem- .
of this institution is supplemented with extra -cur
ricular activities for the benefit of the students . ber ; it is expected that representatives of
Literary , oratorical , debating , women's, science , the Philippines will participate in all of
honor , and other clubs are organized and encourag
ed . The most important of these is the Supreme these meetings.
Student Council, the officers and members of which
actively participate in student movements of a na It is planned that an increasing num
tional scope . The students have their official organ
in the Campus Leader, besides other periodicals ber of WHO advisers will come to the Re
such as Law Gazette of the College of Law and the
Juniúr Campus Leader of the High School . A scho gional Office and, by working in conjunc
larly publication , the University of Manila Journal
of East Asiatic Studies, publishes the results of ori tion with officials of the Department of
ginai research deal!ng with East Asia . This quarterly Health , help to raise even higher the
journal has a world -wide circulation and has earned
the support of leading American and European health standards of the Republic of the
universities, museums and libraries .
Philippines.
Mission Accomplished
This is the University of Manila , fulfilling its edu
cational mission without pomp and ostentation . It
can indeed point with justifiable pride to her bril
liant record of service to the youth of the land.
Many leaders in the fields of human endeavor such
Capital Structure ...
as
government, politics , law, education , business, ( Continued from page 82 )
social welfare, the arts and sciences , are UM grad
uates . But greater in number yet are the UM men reflex action of disintegrated economic
and women whose names will never adorn the
forces.
front pages of newspapers , but who, too , are doing
their part for the country . And the University of
Manila can justly claim that she has given them Unless we and other free peoples can
well - rounded education and training that has
the be aroused to understand and to control
enabled them to cope with the complex demands
and requirements of the present age . Of the Univ the economic forces which are sapping
ersity of Manila , therefore , it may be said that she away the foundation of free government
has done her role well in the building of an enlight
ened citizenry so essential in a democracy . everywhere, democratic government in an
era of peace may disappear once more
from the face of the earth as it did in the
ancient world . Across the hoped - for road
WHO In Pl ... to a better world , which leads out of the
( Continued from page 25 ) blood -soaked fields in the world , looms
newspapers, cational Institutions, while work in Mater the dark shadow of another night of uni
nal and Child Health , Tuberculosis and versal tyranny in the history of the globe
Treponematoses Control will be extended . if we fail to do our part and help our
A Public Health Nursing Project is plann selves .

BEST WISHES TO THE PHILIPPINES

IN THE NEW " PACIFIC ERA "

TRANSOCEAN AIR LINES

Oakland Municipal Airport, Oakland, California
96
Pl Educational Problems ...
( Continued from page 89 )
well -known " Code of Ethics " in which
such objectives as the following may be
found : honour, truthfulness and honesty,
frugality , pride in the noble traditions of
the Filipino people, industry, self -reliance
and self - help , concern for community
welfare and social justice, and interest
in the development of natural resources
and their conservation for posterity .
of overriding importance in redesigning
the eciucational program of the nation is
President Quirino's plan for “ total econo
mic mobilization . " The abundant natural
resources of this country are still, in large
measure, virgin. Today they await only
the vision , industry and capital of the
Filipino people to develop them into con
sumable wealth . If these resources are
to be developed for the welfare of the
nation and its people , the school program
must ( 1 ) acquaint the citizens of tomor
row with the extent and location of the
plant, animal, mineral , forest , fish and
power resources of the nation, ( 2 ) develop
an appreciation of the great benefits to
the nation and its people to be derived
from the efficient and thorough develop
ment of these resources , (3 ) develop an
understanding of the planning , initiative,
industry and skills which are necessary
to the processing of these resources be
fore they can become consumable wealth ,
(4 ) stress the necessity of conserving
and replenishing these resources if they
are to last and ( 5 ) train youth in certain
of the basic technical of such resources .
While advanced technical skills can be ac
quired only when a youth reaches high
school age , certain elementary skills can
be acquired in the lower schools which
will make it possible for the student , who
is only able to complete the seventh grade ,
to contribute far more substantially than
otherwise to his own advancement and to
the economic development of the country .
Secondary Education
As soon as the financial condition of
the country warrants, the period free
schooling should be extended to include
four years of high school training for all
who desire and are able to profit by it.
The eventual goal should be eleven years
of common schooling at public expense,
for every citizen . This should be the ul
timate educational common denominator
for the Filipino people as a whole. In the
meantime, for those graduates of the
elementary school who have the ability,
desire and financial means to go on to
high school, a program of secondary edu
cation should be mage available at a
minimum of expense to the student which
will ( 1 ) prepare for college that compa
ratively smali percentage who plan to en
ter the professions and (2) train the
vast majority for skilled technical opera
tions in business, industry and agriculture .
The economic development of the Philip
pines depends , in large measure , on mod
ern industrial and agricultural processes
which require a large pool of intelligent ,
industrious, technically skilled labor . The
high schools of the nation , both public
and private , should supply this pool of
competent , skilhed manpower . The two
ends indicated above can be achieved
through a general curriculum which has
as its purpose the effective preparation of
youth for life in all its aspects — work ,
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
health, leisure time, home membership,
citizenship - with special emphasis on
economic productivity, the obligations of
citizenship and the preservation and en
hancement of national ideals. traditions
and culture .
The eleven years ( seven elementary
and four secondary ) of schooling I have
just referred to as the ultimate educa
tional common denominator for the Fil
ipino people as a whole, should produce
a nation of citizens, a large percentage
of whom possess
1. Inquiring minds, an appetite for con
stant . learning and the ability to think
and reason effectively.
2. The ability to express themseives con
cisely, correctly and effectively, both in
speech and in writing.
3. The ability to read with understand
ing and discrimination .
4. The basic facts of health and disease
and methods of preserving the one and
avoiding the other.
5. A highly develone set of basic moral
and ethical standards which they adhere
to, both in private and public life .
6. An appreciation of the fact that was
goes the home, so goes the nation ” and
the desire and ability to create and main
tain a happy democratic , satisfying home
of their own .
7. A carefully chosen vocation for which
they are best fitted , together with (1)
sufficient skill therein to become econó
mically productive, ( ? ) an appreciation
of its importance to the nation's welfare
and progress and ( 3 ) the desire to con
stantly improve in work efficiency.
8. A deep-seated respect for law and a
willingness to support those charged with
the responsibility for enforcing it.
9. A knowledge of the individual's obli
gations as a local, national and world ci
tizen and a desire to meet conscientiously
all such obligations.
10. A knowledge of democratic ideals
and an unswerving loyalty to them, to
gether with a willingness to defend such
ideals against any force , either within or
from outside the country, which threatens
their destruction .
11. Critical judgment as a defense ag
ainst propaganda.
12. The ability to cooperate harmonious
ly and effectively with others.
13. A well-developed sense of tolerance
which respects differences in race, reli
gion, personal opinion and social beha
vior.
14. A highly developed sense of social
justice and a feeling of personal respon
sibility to aid the less fortunate members
of society .
15. Intellectual interests (music , art ,
literature ) which make possible a grati
fication of personal tastes and feelings
and a wise and profitable use of leisure
time.
16. A knowledge of and pride in the
culture of their country and a desire to
preserve and enhance that culture.
The attainment of the foregoing knowl
edge , attitudes and skills should be the
overall purpose of elementary and sec
ondary education alike, with each grade
contributing all it can in terms of avail
able time and the maturity of its students .
From the day he first enters school until
his graduation day, each pupil should be
making steady progress, in the degree to
which his ability makes possible , toward
the ultimate attainment of these sixteen
basic educational goals . In so far as these
1951 - 1952
goals are attained by present and future
ktel to ? dons of Filipino youth, in that
degree the teachers and educational lead
ers of the nation may well feel that they
have contributed to welfare and ad
vancement of this Republic in a measure
unexcelled by any other vocational or
professional group .
Financing Public Education
If the problems of education, as prev
iously discussed , are to be adequately
solved , new sources of revenue must be
found . The UNESCO mission which in
1949 studied, among other aspects of edu
cation , the financing of public education
in the Philippines, recommended that " ul
timately from one- fourth to one-half of
the entire support of education should
come from real property tax revenues
earmarked , for the use of schools. This
tax should be levied by provincial boards
and city council . Permission should be
granted to municipalities also to levy
school taxes, if they so desire, to supple
ment the national and provincial taxes.
The amounts of the national grants to
the several provinces and cities should
vary in accordance with their respective
financial resources and needs ; in each
case, somewhere between one -half and
three - fourths of the total cost of ele
mentary, secondary and normal schools
might well be borne by the national gov
ernment. Such a plan for the support of
education could and should result ulti
mately in the development of greater lo
cal interest and pride in the schools, as
well as in adequate school revenues. ”
Higher Education
Finally we come to the highest rung
on the educational ladder, the keystone of
the educational arch , the college or univ
ersity
The colleges and universities of the
Philippines can be divided into three
classes: ( 1 ) those , such as the University
of the Philippines, the Philippine Normal
College and the Central Luzon Agricultu
ral College, which are controlled and sur.
ported by the national government, ( 2 )
those which have been established by,
and are operating under the auspices o !.
Catholic and Protestant Churches suci
as Santo Tomas , Ateneo , La Salle and
Silliman and ( 3 ) those which have been
established and are currently operated by
private individuals or groups with private
capital. There are 283 of these private
proprietary institutions in which a sub
stantial percentage of the college youth
of the nation is presently enrolled .
There are few, if any , problems facing
the nation's educational leaders in con
nection with the institutions of higher
learning in the first two categcries . While
they differ in specific purposes, curricu
lum offerings and educational philosophy,
their standards by and large are high
and their purposes are completely pro
fessional .
The nation does , however, face a ser
ious problem in connection with institu
tions of the third category which vary
markedly in educational standards. Some
of these private institutions are actuated
by the highest professional ideals and
maintain educational standards which
are a credit to the college world. Others,
however, fall far short of acceptable
standards and constitute a serious evil.
In fairness to ( 1 ) the nation which de
pends upon the college world to thorough
ly train its future leaders , ( 2 ) college
youth and their parents who are making

|
1951 - 1952
great personal sacrifice that their chil
dren may obtain a sound and adequate
college education and ( 3 ) the standing
and reputation of Philippine institutions
of higher learning throughout the world,
I earnestly urge that some way be found
to force all sub-standard institutions to
meet acceptable stancards in a reason
able period of time or to close their doors.
While the government can and does set
up minimum standards for the establish
ment of such institutions, I believe it to
be the responsibility of the profession it
self to assist the government in ridding
its ranks of unworthy members and , by
evolving some plan of professional accre
ditation , confer distinctive recognition on
those of its members which maintain
standards comparable to those generally
in force in accredited colleges throughout
the world .
In the United States the individual
states issue charters to all colleges as soon
as they meet a set of minimum require
ments. Accrediting beyond such minimum
governmental approval is accomplished
by professional association which have
no connection with local , state or na
tional governments. Each section of the
country has its own professional accre
diting association : New England States ,
Middle Atlantic States , North Central
States , etc. The purpose of every insti
tution, as soon as it receives its charter,
is to build itself up to the point where it
is eligible for accreditation by its region
al association . The final and highest pro
fessional recognition a U.S. college can
win is to be placed on the approved list
of “ The Association of American Univ
ersities. ” This approval means that the
Association of American Universities has
inspected an institution thoroughly and
found that its educational standards are
sufficiently high to warrant the admis
sion of its graduates , without examina
tion , to the leading universities of the
country. The graduates of colleges accre
dited by the AAU are also accorded the
privilege of admission, without examina
tion, by the leading European universi
ties. This practice of accreditation by the
AAU has had , needless to say, a wide
spread and significant effect, during the
past forty years , in raising educational
IY
standards in the colleges of the United
States.
In 1929 I became president of a college
which, at that time, was operating on the
basis a charter granted by the New
York state board of regents. It took two
years to build it up to the level which en
titled it to accreditation by the Middle
Atlantic States Association and several
years more to strengthen its faculty , ex
pand research, increase its library and
laboratory facilities and raise its acade
mic standards to the point where it was
finally accredited by the AAU . I shall
never forget the weekly convocation at
which I announced to the whole faculty
and student body that we had won this
enviable recognition.
highest and most
The applause was deafening and after the
exercise was over the students staged a
riotous " snake dance" on the campus. I
refer to this personal experience only to
describe ( 1 ) how in the United States
the college world itself has assumed the
major burden of accreditation in order
to safeguard the educational integrity of
its member colleges, ( 2 ) how an indivi
dual institution has to work ( often for
several years and at considerable ex
pense ) to qualify for such accreditation ,
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
and; (3 ) the professional pride and satis
faction which come to an institution in
knowing that its educational standards
have met in full the requirements of the
highest institutions of learning both in
its own country and in foreign lands .
I am not suggesting that the Philip
pines adopt the plan of accreditation now
in force in the United States . I do want
to stress, however, that the problem of
raising educational standards can never
be solved by the government alone . It can
be solved only when the institutions and
the government work together, each sup
porting and reenforcing the efforts of
the other , to achieve this end . Whatever
system of accreditation is eventually
adopted, I believe a simple start could be
made as follows: ( 1 ) the two
groups
( government and institutions ) working to
gether , could draw up a set of acceptable
standards , ( 2 ) each existing institution
could then be measured in terms of these
standards, ( 3 ) each institution meeting
the standards could be publicly approved
or accredited by the government or a pro
fessional association , and all institutions,
found to be sub - standard , given a reason
able period of time to qualify , at the end
of which, if they had not succeeded they
would be forced, in faimess to the profes
sion , the nation and the nation's college
youth , to close their doors.
As a result of my fifteen years of exper
ience in college administration and my
struggle of several years duration to get
one college fully accredited , I make the
following suggestions concerning desir
able standards in institutions of higher
learning , for whatever use they may be to
the educational leaders and institutions
of this country.
1. Purposes
Every college and university should
exist for one overriding purpose : public
service . Each such institution , therefore,
should formulate a set of specific purposes,
setting forth clearly the specific types of
local and national service it renders . Such
types of service should be limited to those
which are possible of complete and tho
rough attainment in terms of the resour
ces of the institution - buildings, faculty,
library, laboratories, etc. Because of fi
nancial limitations and the limited num
ber of scholars to serve as professors, a
college or university can never be " all
things to all men . ” It must limit its ob
jectives if it is to avoid superficiality . It
must concentrate its resources if it is to
render distinguished service .
Over the centuries, and in all lands, the
university has found it can serve society
best by confining its interest and devot
ing its resources to three fields :
( 1) The advanced general education
of the nation's most promising youth .
This is a deepening and broadening of
the general education , carried on in the
lower schools, for those young men and
women who possess superior mental
ability and who give promise of becom
ing the country's future leaders not on
ly in the professions but in all phases
of the nation's life .
( 2 ) Training for the professions. And
when I speak of professions I use the
word in a broad sense to include all oc
cupations which call for four or more
years of post - secondary training such as
law, medicine , divinity , engineering ,
dentistry, high school and college teach
ing and journalism . To supply the na
tion with a steady and adequate (but
not excessive ) flow of highly trained ,
competent workers in such fields , dedi
cated to the service of mankind willing
and able to maintain the highest pro
-
97
fessional standards is the most import
ant single purpose of a university .
(3) The advancement of knowledge .
If civilization is to continue its onward
and upward march in the centuries to
come, the frontiers of ignorance must be
continually pushed back and new trails
blazed to a happier, healthier and more
prosperous society. All of this involves
scientific research and philosophic
thinking by university scholars dedica
ted to the exploration of the unknown
areas of the physical, social and psy
chological sciences and the solution of
the basic social and economic questions
and problems of the day . To procure
eminent scholars and then supply them
with the time, books, equipment and
academic freedom necessary to re
!
search and reflective thinking to the
end that they may increase the sum to
tal of human knowledge and find solu
tions to the most urgent social and eco
nomic problems of their day and age is
the third fundamental purpose of a
university.
The first two of the three fundamental
functions of a university. I have just dis
cussed, apply equally to a college which
is primarily a teaching institution . So far
as the third function ( research ) is con
cerned the purposes of the college should
be ( 1 ) to pass on and interpret to its
students the significant results of uni
versity research and ( 2 ) to encourage at
least a limited amount of personal re
search and creative writing on the part
of its faculty members as a means of vi
talizing and enriching their teaching.
There is nothing more stimulating to a
college student than to study under pro
fessors who are creative scholars in their
own right.
Within the general framework of pur
poses as discussed above, each institution
should establish its own specific object
ives, limiting itself of those types of 10
cal and national service which are most
needed and which are possible of full at
tainment in terms of the institution's fa
cilities and resources .
2. Leadership
Those responsible for the leadership
of a college or university (president, vice
president, deans ) should be men and
women of high ideals, sound scholarship
and recognized educational attainment. A
stream can rise no higher than its source .
In like manner the standards of an edu
cational institution can rise no higher
than the ideals and aspirations of its lead
ers .
3. Faculty
A substantial percentage of the
teachers of every institution of higher
education should be recognized scholars
in their respective fields of instruction ,
as evidenced by ( 1 ) advanced degrees,
( 2 ) active participation in learned so
cieties and ( 3 ) creative research and
writing. They should devote full time to
one institution , entering into all aspects
of its life and devoting their best thought
and energies to its constant advance
ment . They should be required to teachi
not more than 12-15 hours per week, de
voting the balance of their time to ( 1 )
enriching their own knowledge through
the constant study of advancements in
their respective fields, ( 2 ) research and
writing, ( 3 ) out - of -class assistance and
guidance to individual students, (4 ) facuí
ty meetings and conferences to discuss
ways and ineans of advancing the inter
ests of the institution and its students
and ( 5 ) thorough - going, scholarly prepa
ration for each day's classes.
While it is highly desirable and ex
 !
98
tremely valuable to bring to a college
campus distinguished lecturers who are
current leaders in the professional fields
for which the institution is training fu
ture leaders, no institution of higher
learning can successfully achieve the his
toric purposes previously discussed un
less its faculty, in the main , is composed
of a cohesive group of competent schol
ars whose full time and attention are de
voted to the guidance and instruction of
students and the mastery and advance
ment of knowledge.
To attract and retain qualified full
time members of its faculty, an institu
tion must provide ( 1 ) attractive initia!
salaries and adequate provisions for per
iodic increases in pay , ( 2 ) a plan of ten
ure which provides, after a probationary
period, for continuous service contingent
only on the maintenance of a satisfactory
standard of work and honorable behavior,
( 3 ) a plan of periodic leaves of absence,
with full or part salary, for travel and
study , ( 4 ) a plan for academic advance
ment through the various professional
grades terminating finally in the rank of
full professor, and ( 5 ) a fixed retirement
age with retirement pay based upon sal
ary and number of years of service to the
institution .
4. Conditions for Effective Learning
a. Classes should be small enough to
allow the instructor to be of a maximum
help to individual students, no two of
whom are alike in learning ability and
educational needs. Except for general
lectures there should be no more than 40
students per class. For effective laboratory
and seminar work, classes should be much
smaller.
b . The number of different coures a
student is allowed to take at any one time
should be strictly limited to ensure com
plete mastery of each course . And by
mastery of a course I mean not the me
morizing of a single textbook but thorough
comprehension of the special field under
study . Experience indicates that few full
time students can do complete justice to
more than four 3 -hour courses per week.
In the case of part - time students , the
number of courses should be correspon
dingly reduced. It is normally expected
that a student will complete at least two
hours of outside study for every hour
spent in the classroorn .
C. The atmosphere of the institution
should be scholarly - quiet and unhurried,
free from distracting influences, condu
cive to intensive study , reflective thinking
and philosophical discussion .
d . Each student should have a facul
ty adviser who will take a personal inter
est in his all -round development and as
sist him in both academic and personal
matters.
e . Honors and special awards should
whose work is
be conferred on students
outstanding, as a stimulus to high schol
astic achievement.
f. Ample library , laboratory, class
room and study facilities should be prov
ided .
g. Admission and course requirements
should be sufficiently high and rigorously
enforced to admit and retain only those
students who are fully qualified for schol
arly work .
5. The Library
A college or university library, con
taining as it does a substantial amount
of the knowledge which the students will
be expected to acquire, is the heart of
every institution of higher learning. It
should provide ample , well- lighted, well
ventilated space for books , readers and
the operations of the library staff . It
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
should provide comfortable seats and
study tables for at least 10 % of the total
student body. In the United States most
colleges now provide study facilities for
25-35 % of the student body . The book
collection should be carefully chosen by
the faculty and library staff to meet
student needs in all courses offered by the
institution . A recent survey of 205 colle
ges in the United States indicated that
the national average was 58 books per
student enrolled . This survey also indi
cated that the annual amount of money
spent on library maintenance and increas
es in the book collection averaged 9 % of
the total instructional costs . It indicated
also that the working book collection in
an average college library was 50,000 vol
umes . The library staff should be pro
fessionally trained to insure maximuni
operating efficiency and greatest service
to students and faculty.
6. Laboratories
All institutions offering courses
the natural sciences should provide ade
quate laboratory facilities. These facilities
should include ( 1 ) amphitheatres
lecture- demonstrations, ( 2 ) specialized la
boratories for each of the main science
fields: physics, chemistry, biology, 3
(3 )
smaller specially equipped laboratories
for research and experimentation by fa
culty members and advanced students
and (4 ) museums. Each laboratory should
have adequate equipment and supplies for
individual research and experimentation .
Facilities and equipment should be con
tinually expanded to parallel advances in
the various fields of scientific knowledge .
7. Physical Plant
The physical plant of each college
or university should consist of a series of
buildings carefully designed to meet the
administrative, instructional, physical
and social needs of the institution .
8. Financing Higher Education
It appears from an admirable study
of the problems of higher education in
the Philippines, written in 1949 by Pro
fessor Antonio Isidro of the University of
the Philippines , that " with little more
than two thousand pesos, a college
start operations. ” In fact, Dr. Isidro re
ports that twelve colleges actually started
with " paid - up capital of P5,000 or less."
In view of the high cost of most every
thing since the war, it is obvious that ve
ry few of even the minimum essential
facilities of an institution of higher edu
cation can be supplied out of a capital of
P5,000 or less.
The operating income required for the
establishment of a college as prescribed
by the American Council on Education .
which has been adopted by most regional
accrediting associations in the United
States, is stated as follows:
“ The minimum annual operating
come for an accredited college , exclusive
of payment of interest, annuities,
should be $50,000 of which not less than
$25,000 should be derived from stable
sources , other than student body and pre
ferably from permanent endowments.”
It was my experience before the
that income derived from student
was only sufficient to meet between 50
60 % of the total instructional costs of the
institution I headed . The remainder
obtained from endowment , contributions
from alumni and special gifts from friends
of the college .
Dr. Isidro ended his discussion of
nancing higher education with the
lowing paragraph, which I heartilyen
dorse :
" Since most of our private education
al institutions are not endowed ,
1951 - 1952
are dependent primarily upon tuition
fees for support and maintenance , it is
imperative that before a school is per
mitted to be organized , the government
must require a definite amount ade
quate enough to carry on an educa
tional program . A school must not be
allowed to depend solely upon tuition
especially in the first years after its or
ganization . To begin with every school
corporation must have a minimum cap
italization below which no school should
be allowed to operate.”
In conclusion , may I urge that private
colleges and universities make every ef
fort ( 1 ) to build up permanent endow
ments , ( 2 ) to start the practice of encour
aging alumni to contribute by classes to
annual operating expenses and ( 3 ) to find
wealthy friends willing to donate annual
gifts of money or equipment. Finally , may >
I suggest that no more than 10 % of an
institution's net income be paid out tc
in
stockholders , thus making it possible for
the college to spend a substantial per
centage of its annual income on the im
for provement of its educational facilities
and the strengthening of its educational
program .
All Levels of Education
A. Child Guidance
There is an urgent need throughout
the entire school system , from the prim
ary school through college , for a program
of child guidance to help every individual
develop the best that is in him . Such a
program should enable each pupil to ( 1 )
evaluate his own abilities, aptitudes and
personal characteristics, ( 2 ) choose a life
work in which , in terms of his abilities
and the nation's needs , it appears that he
has the highest probability of achieving
personal success and rendering greatest
service and ( 3 ) make those social and ci
vic adjustments which will make of hin:
a happy , well- adjusted , constructive
member of society. Such a guidance prc
would save many an individual
gram
from becoming a " square peg in a round
hole,” from preparing himself to enter
can
the wrong profession , from wasting time
iri high school and college , taking courses
which have little or no bearing on his
work and life after school and college
days are over .
The nation today has a dearth of traini
ed workers in certain fields which are es
sential to its development and a large
over -supply of trained workers in other
fields. The country's educators have a
responsibility to ( 1 ) provide trained man
power in sufficient supply to meet the na
tion's needs in all essential fields, ( 2 ) pro
vide guidance to every individual which
will enable him to find that line of work
for which he is best fitted in terms of his
in
own personal abilities and characteristics
and ( 3 ) so adjust supply to demand that
etc.
the trained workers in any one field will
not greatly exceed the demand , thereby
avoiding unemployment, frustration and
discontent which undermine faith and
confidence in the democratic way of life .
war B. Effective Methods of Instruction
fees
Methods of instruction in all schools
and at all levels of education should place
less stress on memorizing the content of
was
textbooks and more emphasis on tho
rough understanding and creative expres
sion . Knowledge, if it is to be of valus .
must be used to solve problems, meet new
fi situations successfully, and enrich life
fol Knowledge which is merely memorized
for examination purposes is soon forgot
ten . Students must be taught to think and
reason , to apply known facts to new sit
and uations, to analyze content in order to
 Os 1951 - 1952 THE PHIL YEAR 98 - A
IPPI BOOK
NE
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.
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 99

gain a true and accurate understanding
of the ideas behind the words, to synthe
size ideas gained from different sources
into new patterns of thinking and reason
ing
Teaching at all levels and in all sub
jects should confront students with a wide
variety of new questions, problems and
life situations and then require them to
find, organize and apply knowledge in
such a way as to answer such questions,
solve such problems and meet such situa
tions successfully . Moreov er, students
Moreover,
should be taught to think , write and speak
creatively. The routine repetition of deas
gained from the blind memorization of
textbook content will never develop the
alert, resourceful, creative minds this na
tion will need in future years .
C. Democratic Way of Life
Every school and college in the nation
has a solemn responsibility to do every
thing within its power to strengthen and
perfect the democratic way of life . Stud
ents must be brought to realize that de
mocracy is the highest plane to
civilization has yet climbed ; that it prov
ides more freedom , less persecution ,
higher standard of living, a greater faith
in the dignity and worth of the individuai
man and a more highly developed sense
of the brotherhood of man than any other
form of government on the face of the
earth .
Every educational institution has an
overriding obligation to do everything
within its power to preserve , strengthen
and perfect this form of government and
way of life which the Filipino people have
freely chosen . Through its many curricul
um and extra curriculum activities, every
educational institution must make the
principles of democracy a thrilling, active
guiding force in the lives of its students
in all faculty - student relations — in shori
in all phases of the institution's life and
work .
To the student, school is his world .
is , next to the home and the church , the
major institution in his life . He remains
in it for many years . If, during the forma
tive period , he is subjected to authorita
tive discipline only, if he is told contin
uously what to do and how to do it, if his
experiences are anything but democratic
-two results are possible. Either he has
-
to learn all over again the ways of democ
racy when he becomes an adult ; or else
he is so conditioned that his capacity to
serve and live in a democratic society ne
ver flowers .
The democratic classroom seeks cooper-
ative action for the common good , the
welfare of each individual , the participa
tion of all according to their abilities ,
which freedom for study and discussion of con
troversial subjects, and an acceptance of
a responsibility for individual and group
action . The democratic process in the
classroom is sound pedagogy as well as
good preparation for democratic living .
The democratic classroom induces a great ..
er eagerness to learn than does the auto
cratic one. It provides daily practice in the
application of 'democratic principles. Only
in such a setting can lasting habits of de
sirable democratic relationships be dev
eloped . In the degree to which democratic
attitudes and habits are inculcated in the
youth of the nation , in that degree will the
spirit of democracy become a living, act
ive guiding force in the life of the nation
in the years ahead .
In Conclusion
In thus discussing certain of the major
educational problems facing this country,
my purpose has not been to criticize the
It school system but to stimulate thinking
and discussion on the part of the general
public which I hope will result in ( 1 ) a
better understanding of the educational
problems facing the nation and ( 2 ) in
creased support of the government and
its educational leaders as they strive to
solve these problems in order to promote
the progress and development of the na
tion . The problems you face today are not
unique . We have faced certain of them in
the United States for many years and to
date have not found completely satisfac.
tory solutions.
In spite of the problems it faces , this
Republic has a school system of which it
can be justly proud . In what other country
in this part of the world are more than
four milion ( over 90 % ) of the children
of primary school age actually in school?
In what other country are more than
500,000 students in high school ? In what
cther country is college and university
training made available to over 200,000
students ?
My warmest congratulations to the
Philippine Republic on its outstanding
educational accomplishments of the past !
I am certain that ways will be found, in
the years ahead , to solve successfully the
problems herein discussed . Remember al
ways that as go the schools of a nation .
So goes the nation itself.

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 100
YEARBOOK APPENDICES
Treaty of Peace With Japan
Whereas the Allied Powers and Japan are resolved
that henceforth their relations shall
nations which , as sovereign equals , cooperate in
friendly association to promote their common el
fare and to maintain international peace and sec
urity, and are therefore desirous of concluding a
Treaty of Peace which will settle questions still
cutstanding as a result of the existence of a state
of war between them ;
Whereas Japan for its part declares its intention
to apply for membership in the United Nations and
in all circumstances to conform to the principles
of the Charter of the United Nations ; to strive to
realize the objectives of the Universal Declaration
of Human Rights; to seek to create within Japan
conditions of stability and well - being as defined in
Articles 55 and 56 of the Charter of
Nations and already initiated by post - surrender Jap
anese legislation : and in public and private trade
and commerce to conform to internationally ac
cepted fair practices .
Whereas the Allied Powers welcome the inten
tions of Japan set out in ihe foregoing paragraph ;
The Allied Powers and Japan have therefore de
termined to conclude the preselit Treaty of Peace ,
aud have accordingly appointed the undersigned
Plenipotentiaries, who, after preseritation of their
full powers, found in good and due form , hava
agreed on the following provisions :
CHAPTER I
PEACE
Article 1
( a ) The state of war between Japan and eaci of
the Allied Powers is terminated as from
on which the present Treaty comes into force be
tween Japan and the Allied Power concerned ds
provided for in Article 23 .
( b ) The Allied Powers recognize the full sover
eignty of the Japanese people over Japan and its
territorial waters
CHAPTER II
TERRITORY
Article 2
( a ) Japan, recognizing the independence of Ko
rea , renounces all right , title and claim to Korea,
including the islands of Quelpart, Port Hamilton
and Dagelet.
( b ) Japan renounces all right , title and claim to
Formosa and the Pescadores.
( c ) Japan renounces all right , title and claim to ,
the Kurile Islands , and to that portion of Sakha
lin and the islands adjacent to it over which Jap
an acquired sovereignty as a consequence of the
Treaty of Portsmouth of September 5, 1905 .
( d ) Japan renounces all right , title and claim in
gonnection with the League of Nations Mandate
System , and accepts the action of the United Na
tions Security Council of April 2 , 1947, extending
the trusteeship system to the Pacific Islands for
Berly under mandate to Japan
( e ) Japan renounces all claim to any right or
title to or interest in connection with any part
of the Antarctic area , whether deriving from the
activities of Japanese nationals or otherwise .
( f ) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to
the Spratly Island and to the Paracel Islands.
Article 3
Japan will concur in any proposal of the United
States to the United Nations to place under its
trusteeship system , with the United States as the
so ! e administering authority . Sansei Shoto south
of 29 degree north latitude ( including the Ryukyu
Islands and the Daito Islands ) , Nanpo Shoto south
of the Sofu Gan ( including the Bonin Islands, Ro
sario Island and the Volcano Islands ) and Parece
Vela and Marcus Island. Pending the making of
such a proposal and affirmative action thercon ,
the United States will have the right to exercise
all and any powers of administration, legislation
and jurisdiction over the territory and inhabi
tants of these islands, including their territorial
Waters
Article C
( a ) Subject to the provisions of paragraph ( b )
of this article , the disposition of property of Jap
an and of its nationals in the areas referred to in
Article 2, and their claims , including debts , against
the authorities presently administering such areas
and the residents ( includin's juridical personsi
thereof, and the disposition in Japan of property
of such authorit ies and residents, and of claims,
Including debts , of such authorities and residents
against Japan and its nationals , shall be the sub
ect
of special arrangements between Japan and
such authorities . The property of any of the Al
lied Powers or its nationals in the areas referred
te in Article 2 shall, insofar as this has not al
ready been done , he returned by the administer
ing authority in the condition in which it now
exists . ( The term nationals whenever used in the
present Treaty includes jurídical persons. )
( b ) Japan recognizes the validity of disposition
of property of Japan and Japanese nationals made
by or pursuant to directives of the United States
Military Governme ! t in any of the areas referred
to in Articles 2 and 3 .
( c ) Japanese owned submarine cables connect
ing Japan with territory removed from Japanese
control pursuant to the present Treaty shall be
equally divided , Japan retaining the Japanese ter
minal and adjoining half of the cable , :und the
detached territory the remainder of
ar: d connecting terminal facilities .
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
1. Treaties and Public Laws
CHAPTER III of biiateral and multilateral agreements providing
SECURITY for the regulation or limitation of fishing and
Article 5 Cite conservation and development of fisheries or
the high seas .
be those of (a ) Japan accepts the obligations set forth in Ar
ticle 2 of the Charter of the United Nations, and Article 10
in particular the obligations Japan renounces all special rights and interests
( 1 ) to settle its international disputes by peace in China , including all benefits and privileges re
fu ! means in such a manner that international
peace and security, and justice, are not endan sulting from the provisions of the final Protocol
signed at Peking on September 7 , 1901 , and all
gered ; 2nnexes , notes and documents supplementary
( ii ) to refrain in its international relations ironi thereto, and agrees to the abrogation in respect to
the threat or use of force against the territorial Japar. oi the said protoco ., and&inexes. notes
integrity or political independence of :iny State documents .
or in any other manner inconsistent with the Pur Article 11
poses of the United Nations ;
Japan accepts the judgments of the Internation
( ili ) to give the United Nations every assistance al Military Tribunal for the Far East and of other
in any action it takes in accordance with the Char Allied War Crimes Courts both within and out
the United ter and to refrain from giving assistance to any side Japan , and will carry out the sentences im
State against which the United Nations may take posed thereby upon Japanese nationals imprison .
preventive or enforcement action . ed in Japan . The power to grant clemency , to
( b ) The Allied Powers confirm that they will be reduce sentences and to parole with respect to
guided by the principles of Article 2 of the Char such prisoners may not be exercised except on
ter of the United Nations in their relations with the decision of the Government or Governments
Japan. which imposed the sentence ir. each instance , and
on the recommendation of Japan . In the case of
( c ) The Allied Powers for their part recognize persons sentenced by the International Military
that Japan as a sovereigr. nation possesses the In . Tribunal for the Far East , such power may not
herent right of individual or collective self -defense be exercised except on the decision of a major
referred to in Article 51 of the Charter of the ity of the Governments represented on the Tri
United Nations and that Japan may voluntarily bunal, and on the recommendation of Japan .
enter into collective security arrangements .
Article 6 Article 12
( a ) All occupation forces of the Allied Powers ( a ) Japan declares its readiness promptly to en
shall be withdrawn from Japan as soon as possi ter into negotiations for the conclusion with each
ble after the coming into force of the present
of the Allied Powers of treaties or agreements to
tlie date Treaty and in any case not later than 90 days place their trading, maritime and other commer
cial relations on a stable and friendly basis .
thereafter. Nothing in this provision shall, how
ever prevent the stationing or retention of for . ( b ) Pending the conclusion of the relevant trea
eign armed forces in Japanese territory under or ty or agreeinent, Japan will , during a period of
of any bilateral or multilateral four years from the first coming into force of the
‫ܬܠܐ‬ consequence
present Treaty
agreements which have been or may be made be
tween one or more of the Allied Powers, on the ( 1 ) accord to each of the Silied Powers, its
one hand , and Japan on the other . nationals, products and vessels
( 1 ) most favored - natior. treatment with
( b ) The provisions of Article 9 of the Postdam
respect to customs duties . charges ,
Proclamation of July 26 , 1945 , dealing with the
return of Japanese military forces to their homes , restrictions and other regulations on
to the extent not already completed , will be carried or in connection with the importation
cut . and exportation of goods ;
( 11 ) national treatment with respect to
( c ) All Japanese property for which cumpensa - navigation
shipping , and imported
tion has not already been paid , which was S !! D
plied for the use of the occupation forces and Koods, and with respect to natural and
which remains in the possession of those iorces juridical persons and their interests
at the time of the coming into force of the present -such treatment to include all mat
Treaty, shall be returned to the Japanese Gover ters pertaining to the levying and col
nient within the same 90 days unless other ar lection of taxes , access to the courts .
rangements are made by mutual agreerat nt . the making and performance of con
tracts , rights to property ( tangible and
CHAPTER IV intangible ), participat ion in juridical
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CLAUSES entities constituted under Japanese
Article 7 law , and generally the conduct of all
kinds of business and professional ac
la ) Each of the Allied Powers , within one year tivities :
after the present Treaty has come into force be
tween it and Japan , will notify Japan which of its (2 ) ensure that external purchases and sales
pre - war bilateral treaties or conver ions with Jap of Japanese state trading enterprises shall
pan it wishes to continue in force or revive , and be based solely on com :nercial consider
ations .
ariy treaties or conventions so notified shall con
( c ) In respect to any matter , however , Japan
tinue in force or be revived subject only to such
amendments as may be necessary to ensure confor shall be obliged to accord to an Allied Power na
mity with the present Treaty . The treaties and tional treatment . or most - favored -nation treat
coaventions so notified shall be considered as hav ment, only to the extent that the Alied Power
ing been continued in force or revived three months concerned accords Japan national treatment or
after the date of notification and shall be reg most-favored nation treatment , as the case may be.
istered with the Secretariat of the United Nations. in respect of the same matter . The reciprocity en
All such treaties and conventions as to which Ja visaged in the foregoing sentence shall be deter
pan is not so notified shall be regarded as abro mined , in the case of products , vessels and juridi.
gated . cal entities of . and persons domiciled in , any non
metropolitan territory of an Allied Powers and in
( b ) Any notification made under paragraph ( a )
he case of juridical entities of , and persons domi
or this Article may except from the operation or ciled in , any state or province of an Allied Power
revival of a treaty or convention any territory for having a federal government, by reference to the
the international relations of which the notifying in such territory
treatment accorded to Japan
Power is responsible , until three months after the
state or province .
date on which notice is given to Japan that such ( d ) In the application of this article , a dis
exception shall cease to apply.
criminatory measure shall not be considered to
Article 8
derogate from the grant of national or most-favor
( a ) Japan will recognize the full force of all ed - nation treatment, as the case may be , if such
treaties now or hereafter concluded by the Allied nieasure is based on an exception customarily
Fowers for terminating ? he state of war initiated provided for in the commercial treaties of the
on September 1 , 1939. as well as any other ar party applying it , or on the need to safeguard
rangements by the Allied Fowers for or in connec that party's external financial position or balance
tion with the restoration of peace , Japan also of payments ( except in respect to shipping and
accepts the arrangements made for terminating navigation ), or on the need to maintain its es .
the former League 0 % Nations and Permanent
sential security interests, and provided such mea
Court of International Justice. sure is proportionate circumstances
to the and
( b ) Japan renounces all such rights and in : er not applied in an arbitrary or unreasonable man
ner .
ests as it may derive from being a signatory pow
er of the Conventions of St. ( it'rmain -en - Laye of ( e ) Japan's obligations under this Article shall
September 10 , 1919 , and the Straits Agreement of not be affected by the exercise of any Allied rights
Montreux of July 20 , 1936 , arc from Article 16 under Article 14 of the present Treaty : nor shall
of the Treaty of Peace with Turkey signed at the provisions of this Article be understood as
Lausanne on July 24 , 1923 . limiting the undertakings assumed by Japan by
( c ) Japan renounces all rights, title and inter virtue of Article 15 of the Treaty .
ests acaquired under, and is discharged from all Article 13
obligations resulting from , the Agreeement be
tween Germany and the Creditor Powers of Jan ( a ) Japan will enter into negotiations with any
uary 20. 1933. and its Annexes , including the Trust of the Allied Powers, promptly upon the request
Agreement, dated May 17 , 1930. the Convention of such Power or Powers , for the conclusion of
of January 20 , 1930. respecting the Bank for In bilateral or multilateral agreements relating to
international civil air iransport.
ternational Settlements ; and the Statutes of the
Bank for International Settlements . Japan will ( b ) Pending the conclusion of such agreements,
notify to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Paris Japan will , during a period of four years from
within six months of the first coming into force the first coming into force of the present Treaty,
of the present Treaty its renunciation of the rights, extend to such Power treatment not less favorable
title and interests referred to in this paragraph . with respect to air- traffic rights and privileges
than those exercised by any such Powers at the
Article 9
date of such coming into force, and will accord
the cables Japan will enter promptly into negotiations with complete equality of opportunity in respect to the
the Allied Powers so desiring for the conclusio.2 operation and development of air services .
 1951 - 1952
( c ) Pending its becoming a party to the Con
vention on International Civil Aviation in accord
ance with Article 93 thereof, Japan will give effect
to the provisions of that Convention applicable to
the international navigation or aircraft, and will
give effect to the standards , practices and pro
cedures adopted as annexes to the Convention in
accordance with the terms of the Convention .
CHAPTER V
CLAIMS AND PROPERTY
Article 14
( a ) It is recognized that Japan should pay te
parations to the Allied Powers for the damage and
suffering caused by it during the war . Neverthe
lese it is also recognized that the resources of
Japan are not presently sufficient , if it is to
maintain a viable economy , to make complete re
paration for all such damage and suffering and
at the same time meet its other obligations.
Therefore,
1. Japan will promptly enter into negotiations
with Allied Powers so desiring , whose present ter
ritories were occupied by Japanese furces and
damaged by Japan , with a view to assisting to
compensate those countries for the cost of repair
ing the damage done by making available the
services of the Japanese people in production , sal
vaging and other work for the Allied Powers in
question . Such arrangements shall avoid the im
position of additional liabilities on other Allied
Powers , and , where the manufacturing of raw
materials is called for , they shall be supplied by
the Allied Powers in question , so as not to throw
any foreign exchange burden upon Japan .
2. ( I ) Subject to the provisions of sub -paragraph
( II ) below , eac of the Allied Powers shall have
the right to seize , liquidate or otherwise dispose of
all property, rights and interests of
( a ) Japan and Japanese nationals,
( b ) persons acting for or on behalf of Japan or
Japanese nationals, and
( c ) Entities owned or controlled by Japan or
Japanese nationals , which on the first coming
into force of the present Treaty were subject to
Its jurisdiction . The property, rights and interests
specified in this sub - paragraph shall include those
Now blocked , vested or in the possession or under
ue control of enemy property i uthorities of Allied
Fower3, which belonged to, or were held or man
nged on behalf of , any of the persons or entities
mentioned in ( a ) , ( b ) or ( c ) above at the tine
such assets came under the
controls of such
authorities .
( II ) The following shall be excepted frori the
right specified in sub -paragraph ( I ) above :
( 1 ) property of Japanese natural persons who
during the war resided with the permission
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
of the Government concerned in the ter
ritory of one of the Allied Powers, other
than territory occupied by Japan, except
property subjected to restrictions during
the war and not released from such res
trictions as of the date of the first coming
into force of the present Treaty ;
( li ) all real property, furniture and fixtures own
ed by the Government of Japan and used
for diplomatic or consular purposes , and
all personal furniture and furnishings and
other private property not of an investment
nature which was formally necessary fcr
the carrying out of diplomatic and consular
functions . owned by Japanese diplomatic
and consular personnel;
( 111 ) property belonging to religious bodies or
private charitable institutions and used
exclusively for religious or charitable pur
poses ;
( iv ) property , rights and interests which have
come within its jurisdiction in consequence
of the resumption of trade and financial
relations subsequent to September 2, 1945, be
tween the country concerned and Japan ,
except such as have resulted from transac
tions contrary to the laws of the
Power concerned ;
( v ) obligations of Japan or Japanese nationals,
any right , title or interest in tangible pro
perty located in Japan, interests in enter
prises organized under the laws of Japan ,
or any paper evidence thereof ; provided
that this exception shall only apply to
obligations of Japan and its nationals
pressed in Japanese currency .
( III ) Property referred to in exceptions
through* ( v ) above shall be returned subject
reasonable expenses for its preservation and ad
ministration , If any such property has been li
quidated the proceeds shall be returned instead .
( IV ) The right to seize , retain , liquidate or
otherwise dispose of property as provided in sub
paragraph ( I ) above shall be exercised in accord
ance with the laws of the Allied Power concerned ,
and the owner shall have only such rights as may
be given him by those laws .
( V ) The Allied Powers agree to deal with Jap
anese trademarks and literary and artistic property
rights on basis as favorable to Japan as cir
cumstances ruling in each country will permit.
. ( b ) Excent as otherwise provided in the present
Treaty . the Powers waive all reparations
Allied
claims of the Allied Powers , other claims of the
Allied Powers and their nationals arising out oi
101
any actions taken by Japan and its nationals in
the course of the prosecution of the war. and
claims of the Allied Powers for direct military
costs of occupation ,
Article 15
( a ) Upon application made within nine months of
the coming into force of the present Treaty be
tween Japan and the Allied Power concerned , Ja
pan will , within six months of the date of such
application, return the property , tangible and in
tangible, and all rights or interests of any kind
in Japan of each Allied Power and its nationals
which was within Japan at any time between
December 7 , 1941, and September 2, 1945 , unless the
owner has freely disposed thereof without duress
or fraud . Such property shall be returned free
of all encumbrances and charges to which it may
have become subject because of the war, and with
cut any charges for its return . Property whose
return is not applied for by or on behalf of the
owner or by his Government within the prescribed
period may be disposed of by the Japanese Gov
ernment as it may determine. In cases where
such property was within Japan on December 7,
1941 , and cannot be returned or has suffered in .
Allied jury or damage as a result of the war, compen .
sation will be made on terms not less favorable
than the terms provided in the draft Allied Pow
ers Property Compensation Law approved by the
Japanese Cabinet on July 13 , 1951 .
( b ) With respect to industrial property rights
In paired during the war , Japan will continue to
accord to the Allied Powers and their nationals
ex
benefits no less than those heretofore ' accorded
by Cabinet Orders No. 309 effective September 1 ,
(1) 1949, No. 12 effective January 28, 1950 , and No. 9
to effective February 1 , 1950, all as now amended ,
provided such nationals have applied for such ben .
efits within the time limits prescribed therein .
( c ) ( 1 ) Japan acknowledges that the literary and
artistic property rights which existed in Japan on
December 6, 1941 , in respect to the published and
unpublished works of the Allied Powers and their
nationals have continued in force since that date,
and recognizes those rights which have arisen , or
out for the war would have arisen , in Japan since
that date, by the operation of any conventions and
agreements to which Japan was a party on that
date, irrespective of whether or not such conven
tions or agreements were abrogated or suspended
upon or since the outbreak of war by the domestic
law of Japan or of the Allied Power concerned .

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 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
102
forts for collective defense for the preservation
the need for application by the of peace and security pending the development of
( 11 ) Without
proprietor of the right and without the payment of PI -US DEFENSE TREATY a more comprehensive system of regional security
any fee or compliance with any other formality , ( Mutual Defense Treaty Between The in the Pacific area .
the period from December 7, 1941, until the com Agreeing that nothing in this present instrument
ing into force of the present Treaty between Jap Republic of the Philippines and the shall be considered or interpreted as in any way
an and the Allied Power concerned shall be ex United States of America ) or sense altering or diminishing any existing agree
cluded from the running of the normal term of ments or understandings between the Republic of
slich rights ; and such period , with an additional The Parties to this Treaty . the Philippines, and the United States of America .
period of six months , shall be excluded from the Reaffirming their faith in the purposes and
time within which a literary work must be trans principles of the Charter of the United Nations Have agreed as follows :
lated into Japanese in order to obtain translat ARTICLE I. The Parties undertake, as set forth
and their desire to live in peace with all peoples in the Charter of the United Nations , to settle
ing rights in Japan , and all governments , and desting to strengthen any international disputes in whicn they may be
Article 16 the fabric of peace in the Pacific area .
As an expression of its desire to indemnify those Recalling with mutual pride the historic re
involved by peaceful means in such a manner that
niembers of the armed forces of the Allied Pow lationship which brought their two peoples to international peace and security and justice ore
not endangered and to refrain in their interna
ers who suffered ungue hardships while prison gether in a common bond of sympathy and mutual tional relations from the threat or use of force
ers of war of Japan , Japan will transfer its as ideals to fight side - by - side against imperialist ag in any manner inconsistent with the purposes of
sets and those of its nationals in countries which gression during the last war .
were neutral during the war, or which were at war the United Nations .
Desiring to declare publicly and formally thei! ARTICLE II . In order more effectively to achieve
with any of the Allied Powers, or, at its option , the sense of unity and their common determination
equivalent of such assets, to the International the objective of this Treaty . the Parties separately
to defend themselves against external armed attack , and jointly by self - help and mutual aid will main
Committee of the Red Cross which shall liquidate so that no potential aggressor could be under the
such assets and distribute the resultant fund to
illusion that either of them stands alone in the tain and develop their individual and collective
appropriate national agencies, for the benefit of Pacific area . capacity to resist armed attack .
former prisoners of war and their families on ARTICLE III . The Parties , through their Foreign
such basis as it may determine to be equitable . Desiring further to strengthen their present ef will consult together
Ministers or their deputies,
The categories of assets described in Article 14 from time to time regarding the implementation
( a ) 2 ( II ) ( 11 ) through ( v ) of the present Treaty Article 20 of this Treaty and whenever in the opinion of
shall be excepted from transfer , as well as assets Japan will take all necessary measures to ensure either of them the territorial integrity , political
of Japanese natural persons not residents of Jop such disposition of German assets in Japan as has independence or security of either of the Parties is
an on the first coming into force of the Treaty been or may be determined by those powers en threatened by external armed attack in the Pacific .
It is equally understood that the transfer Pro titled under the Protocol of the proceedings of the ARTICLE IV . Each Party recognizes that an arm
vision of this article has no application to the Berlin Conference of 1945 to dispose of those as ed attack in the Pacific area on either of the
19,770 shares in the Bank for International Settle sets, and pending the final disposition of such as
ments presently owned by Japanese financial in Parties would be dangerous to its own peace and
sets will be responsible for the conservation and safety and declares that it would act to meet the
stitutions. administration thereof . common dangers in accordance with its constitu 1

Article 17 Article 21 tional processes .

( a ) Upon the request of any of the Allied Powers, Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 25 of Any such armed attack and ali measures taken
the Japanese Government shall review and revise the present Treaty, China shall be entitled to the as a result thereof shall be immediatel ; reported
in conformity with international law any decision benefits of Articles 10 and 14 ( a ) 2 ; and Korea to to the Security Council of the United Nations.
or order of the Japanese Prize Courts in cases the benefits of Articles 2, 4 , 9 and 12 of the Such measures shall be terminated when the se
involving ownership rights or nationals of that present Treaty .
Allied Power and shall supply copies of all docu curity Council has taken the nieasures necessary
CHAPTER VI to restore and maintain international peace and
ments comprising the records of these cases , in SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
cluding the decisions taken and orders issued . In Article 22
security.
any case in which such review or revision shows ARTICLE V. For the purpose of ARTICLE IV .
If in the opinion of any Party to the present an armed attack on either of the Parties is deem
that restoration is due, the provisions of Article Treaty there has arisen a dispute concerning the
15 shall apply to the property concerned . interpretation or execution of the Treaty. which ed to include an armed attack on the metropolian
( b ) The Japanese Government shall take the territory of either of the Parties , or on the island
is not settled by a reference to a special claims territories under its jurisdiction in the Pacific or
necessary measures to enable nationals of any of tribunal or by other agreed means, the dispute
the Allied Powers at any time within one year shall , at the request of any party thereto , be refer on its armed forces, public vessels or aircraft in
the Pacific .
from the coming into force of the present Treaty red for decision to the International Court of Jus
between Japan and the Allied Power concerned tice , Japan and those Allied Powers which are not ARTICLE VI . This Treaty does not affect and
to submit to the appropriate Japanese authorities already parties to the Statute of the Ir.ternational shall not be interpreted as affecting in any way
for review any judgment given by a Japanese Court of Justice will deposit with the Registrar the rights and obligations of the Parties under
court between December 7 , 1941 , and such coming of the Court , at the time of their respective ratifi the Charter of the United Nations or the respon
into force , in any proceedings in which any such cations of the present Treaty , and in conformity sihility of the United Nations for the maintenance
national was unable to make adequate presenta with the resolution of the United Nations Security of international peace and security .
tion of his case either as plaintiff or defendant . Council , dated October 15 , 1946, a general declara ARTICLE VII . This Treaty shall be ratified by
The Japanese government shall provide that , where tion accepting the jurisdiction , without special the Republic of the Philippines and the United
the national has suffered injury by reason of any agreement, of the Court generally in respect to all States of America in accordance with their res
such judgment , he shall be restored in the posi disputes of the character referred to in this Article .
pective constitutional processes and will conic Into
tion in which he was before the judgment was CHAPTER VII force when instruments of ratification thereof have
given or shall be afforded such relief as may be FINAL CLAUSES
Article 23
been exchanged by then at Manlit.
just and equitable in the circumstances .
Article 18 ( a ) The present Treaty shall be ratified by the ARTICLE VIII . This Treaty shall remain in force
States which sign it, including Japan , and will indefinitely . Either Party may termna ce it one
( a ) It is recognized that the intervention of the
come into force for all the States which have then year after notice has beeu given to the other party
state of war has not affected the obligation to ratified it , when instruments of ratification have
pay pecuniary
debts arising out of obligations In witness whereof the undersigned Plenipoten
and ( including those in respect of
contracts been deposited by Japan and by a majority. In tiaries have signed this Treaty .
bonds ) which existed and rights which were ac cluding the United States of America as the prin Done in duplicate at Washington this thirtieth
quired before the existence of a state of war , a ! cipal occupying Power, of the following States, day of August , 1951 .
which are due by the Government or nationals namely Australia, Canada . Ceylon , France, Indo
nesia , the Netherlands, New Zealand , Pakistan , the For the Republic of the Philippines :
of Japan to the Government or nationals of one Philippines , the United Kingdom of Great Britain ( Sgd . ) CARLOS P. ROMULO
of the Allied Powers , or are due by the Govern and Northern Ireland , and the United States of JOAQUIN M. ELIZALDE
ment of nationals of the Allied Powers to the America . The present Treaty shall come into force VICENTE TRANCISCO
Government or nationals of Japan . The interveil for each State which subsequently ratifies it , on DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL
tion of a state of war shall equally not be regard the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratifi For tne United States of America :
ed as affecting the obligation to consider on thir cation . ( Sgd . ) DEAN ACHESON
merits claims for loss or damage to properiy or JOHN FOSTER DULLES
for personal injury or death which arose before ( b ) If the Treaty has not come into force within
nine nonths after the date of the deposit of Ja TOM CONNALLY
the existence of a state of war, and which may pan's ratification , any state which has ratified it ALEXANDER WILEY
be presented or re -presented by the Government may bring the Treaty into force between itself and
of one of the Allied Powers to the Governnant Japan by a notification to that effect given to
of Japan , or by the Government of Japan to any the Government of Japan and of the United States
of the Governments of the Allied Powers . The of America not later thaa three years after the TRADE AGREEMENT
provisions of this paragraph are without prejudice date of deposit of Japan's ratification .
to the rights conferred by Article 14 . Article 24 The Government of the Republic of the
( b ) Japan affirms its liability for the prewar All instruments of ratification shall be deposited Philippines and the Supreme Commander
external debt of the Japanese State and for debts with the Government of the United States of
of corporate bodies subsequently declared to be for the Allied Powers Acting in Respect
liabilities of the Japanese State , and expresses its America which will notify all the signatory States
0 ! each such deposit , of the date of the coming
intention to enter into negotiations at an early into force of the Treaty under paragraph ( a ) of of Occupied Japan
date with its creditors with respect to the re Article 23 , and of any notifications made under
sumption of payments on those debts ; to en paragraph (b) of Article 23 . 1. The Government of the Republic of the
courage negotiations in respect to other prewar Philippines (hereinafter referred to as the Philip
cl ims and obligations ; and to facilitate the trans Article 25
pines ), and the Supreme Commander for the Al
fer of sums accordingly . For the purposes of the pesent Treaty the Allied lied Powers, acting in respect of Occupied Japan
Article 19 rowers shall be the States at war with Japan , or (hereinafter referred to as SCAP ) , having discuss
any State which previously formed a part of the ed through their respective representatives the
( a ) Japan waives all claims of Japan and its territory of a State named in Article 23 provided
nationals against the Allied Ppwers and their na measures which might usefully be adopted with the
tionals arising out of the war or out of actions that in each case the State concerned has signed intention both of reopening trade channels on a
taken because of the existence of a state of war , and ratified the Treaty . Subject to the provisions balanced basis between the Philippines and SCAP
of Article 21 , the present Treaty shall not confer ( Occupied Japan ) and of maintaining it at the
and waives all claims arising from the presence , Any rights , titles or benefits on any State which
operations or actions of forces or authorities of highest volume practicable, have agreed to conduct
is not an Allied Power as herein defined : nor shall trade on the following basis :
any of the Allied Powers in Japanese territory ary right , title or interest of Japan be deemed
prior to the coming into force of the present to be diminished or prejudiced by any provision
Treaty . a . A trade plan will be adopted , on an annual
of the Treaty in favor of a State which is not an basis . extending to all transactions relating to the
( b ) The foregoing waiver includes any clainis Allied Power as so defined . purchase and sale of goods and services in respect
arising out of actions taken by any of the Allied Article 26 of which contracts are executed and extending to
Powers with respect to Japanese ships between all goods and services procured for delivery from
Japan will be prepared to conclude with any
September 1 , 1939 , and the coming into force of State which signed or adhered to the United Na the Philippines to Occupied Japan or for delivery
the present Treaty , as well as any claims and debts tions Declaration of January 1 , 1942 , and which to the Philippines from Occupied Japan .
arising in respect to Japanese prisoners of war
is at war with Japan , or with any State which pre b . All trade , except as otherwise provided
and civilian internees in the bands of the Allied shall
Powers , but does not include Japanese claims viously formed a part of the territory of a State be conducted in accordance with the ternis
ramed in Article 23, which is not a signatory of and provisions of the Financial Agreement for Trade
specially recognized in the laws of any Allied Between the Philippines and SCAP to be executed
the present Treaty , a bilateral Treaty of Peace on
Power enacted since September 2 , 1945 . the same or substantially the same terms as are simultaneously herewith ,
( c ) Subject to reciprocal renunciation , the Ja provided for in the present Treaty , but this ob
c . Trade shall be carried on through private
panese Government also renounces all claims (in ligation on the part of Japan will expire three
or governmentai channels as approved by the res.
cluding debts ) against Germany and German na years after the first coming into force of the
tionals on behalf of the Japanese Government pective parties to this Agreement. In the case of the
present Treaty . Should Japan make a peace settle Philippines, trade shall be carried on exclusively
and Japanese nationals, including inter- governmen . ment or war claims settlement with any State through governmental channels .
tal claims and claims for loss or damage sustained granting that State geater advantages than thosc
during the war, but excepting ( a) claims in res provided by the present Treaty , those same ad d . Insofar as is consistent with exchange, im •
pect of contracts entered into and rights acquired port. and export control restrictions the Philip
vantages shall be extended to the parties to the
before September 1 , 1939, and ( b ) claims aising pines agrees to permit the importation from and
out of trade and financial relations between Japan present Treaty. exportation to Occupied Japan and SCAP agrees
Article 27 to permit the importation from and exportation
and Germany after September 2 , 1945. Such re
nunciation shall nat prejudice actions taken in The present Treaty shall be deposited in the to the Philippines of the commodities specified in
archives of the Government of the United States the trade plan and in no case exceeding the cor
accordance with Articles 16 and 20 of the present of America which shall furnish each signatory responding amount indicated for each of them
Treaty.
with a certified copy thereof. No transaction outside the trade plan is permiss
( d ) Japan recognizes the validity of all acts and
omissions done during the period of occupation IN FAITH WHEREOF the undersigned Plenipo ible except by mutual consent of the parties to
under or in consequence of directives of the OC tentiaries have signed the present Treaty . this Agreement.
cupation authorities or authorized by Japanese DONE at the city of San Francisco this 8th day
o : September, 1951, in English , French and Spanish c . The trade plan represents in the light of
law at that time, and will take no action subject lar.guages, all being equally authentic, and in the the best information available at the present time
ing Allied nationals to civil or criminal liability to the two parties to this Agreement, the amount
arising out of such acts or omissions . Japanese language.
1951 - 1952
of trade which may be expected to flow between
the Philippines and Occupied Japan for the dur
ation of such trade plan and the character it is
most likely to assume .
Except as otherwise provided the trade plan
is not intended to constitute a commitment, bind
ing on either party that trade will in fact attain
the amount indicated therein ; rather does it rep
resent a reasonable computation made in good
faith of the amount of sales and purchases likely
to result from the desire of the two parties to this
Agreement to develop balanced trading between
them to the highest practicable level.
Subject to these considerations, both parties
will facilitate in every way the sale and purchase
of
goods and services specified in the trade plan
as would be necessary at any time to balance the
trade between them .
1. Should there be reason for either party to
this Agreement to believe , at any stage , that the
amount and character of sales and purchases con
templated in the trade plan are not likely to mat
erialize , the parties concerned or their authorized
representatives will consult together or meet at
Manila or Tokyo to ensure that any modification
of the trade plan that may be found
protects these interests to which either party at
taches speciai importance.
g . Special machinery will be established , in
common accord
ensure to that
to - date information will be available to both par
ties in respect of the operation of this Agreement
and to ensure implementation of the trade plan
generally
h . Each party hereto will do everything feas
ible to ensure compliance with the export- import
controls. exchange controls and such other controls
that pertain to international trade as
force and effect from time to
under the control the
i. Nohting in this Agreement shall be deemed
listed in the trade plan
to exempt the products
from the payment of the ordinary customs duties.
fees
excise taxes , administrative charges
at rates not liigher than those applicable to sim
ilar products when imported under similar terms
and conditions from third countries by either party .
j No export duties or taxes at rates higher
than those applicable to similar products when
exported under similar terms and conditions to
any third country shall be levied by either con
tracting party on any product in the trade plan
destined for export to the territory of the other.
k It is understood that the provisions in pa
ragraphs 1 ( 1 ) and 1 ( j ) shall not apply to treat
ment , benefits . or advantages that are now or may
hereafter be granted by the
Philippines to
United States of America or to its citizens,
orations, or associations.
2. This Agreement may be revised by mutual
consent of the parties or cancelled upon request
of the Government of the Republic of the Philip
pines or the Supreme Commander for the Allied
Powers or his successor upon sixty ( 60 ) days' no
tice in writing and shall terminate, unless the par
ties hereto stipulate in writing to the contrary , on
the proclamation of a peace treaty between the Al
lied Powers , or any of them , and Occupied Japan .
Any revision , cancellation or termination of this
Agreement shall be without prejudice to any right
or obligation accruing or incurred hereunder prior
to the effective date of such revision , cancellation
or termination .
3. The trading position between
pines and SCAP (Occupied Japan ) will be reviewed
generally by the parties to this Agreement from
time to time as requested by either party .
4. This Agreement shall be effective definitely
upon the exchange of formal ratification by the
Government of the Republic of the Philippines
and the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers .
Pending such exchange of ratification , it shall take
effect upon signature by the authorized representa
tives as a modus vivendi between the two parties .
Done in duplicate in the City of Tokyo, Japan
this 18th day of May in the year of Our Lord , nine
teen hundred and fifty , and of the Independence
of the Philippines, the fourth .
FOR
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
OF THE PHILIPPINES
( SGD ) BERNABE AFRICA
Chief , Philippine Mission in
FOR THE SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE
ALLIED POWERS ACTING IN RESPECT OF
OCCUPIED JAPAN :
( SGD ) H. F. MARQUAT
Major General USA
SAVINGS ACCOUNTS
AT SPECIAL INTEREST RATE
A organizations
Philippine Bank of Communications
INCORPORATED IN 1939 UNDER THE LAWS OF THE PHILIPPINES
HEAD OFFICE :
434 DASMARINAS, MANILA
TEL. 3-80-16
Cable Address :
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
FINANCIAL AGREEMENT FOR TRADE
BETWEEN
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES AND THE
SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE ALLIED
POWERS ACTING IN RESPECT OF
OCCUPIED JAPAN
The Government of the Republic of the Phil
ippines ( hereinafter referred to as the Philippines )
constituting one of the two parties to this agree
ment , and the Supreme Commander for the Allied
Powers, acting in respect of Occupied Japan (here
inafter referred to as SCAP ) , constituting the other
party, have agreed upon the following financial
arrangements to govern all transactions envisaged
in the Trade Agreement between them wirich is
to be executed simultaneously herewith :
Article I Pending such exchange of ratification , it shall take
All transactions involving goods and /or services
covered by the Trade Agreement shall be invoiced
in dollars of the United States of America .
Article II
For the purposes expressed in this Agreement
each party sh designate its principal financial
necessary agent bank and shall notify the other party in
writing of such appointment. A list of other banks
which each principal financial agent bank desires
to designate as its sub - agents shall be submitted
to the other for approval.
accurate and up
Article III
All transactions covered by the Trade
ment shall be entered into the acocunt of each
party to be miintained in the books of boti prin
cipal financial agent banks specified in Article II .
The value of all, exports from the Philippines to
Occupied Japan shall be debited against the ac
count of SCAP in the books of the principal fl
may be in
nancial agent bank of the Philippines and credited
time in the areas
to the account of the Philippines in the books of
the principal financial agent bank of SCAP . The
value of all imports from Occupied Japan to the
Philippines shall be debited against the account of
the Philippines in the books of the principal finan
and / or cial agent bank of SCAP and credited to the ac
count of SCAP in the books of the principal fi
nancial agent bank of the Philippines .
Article IV
Satatements of accounts as of the last day cf
each month shall be exchanged between the two
principal financial agent banks not later than ten
( 10 ) days after the end of every month . Notice of
any discrepancy found by either bank shall be
served the other within ten ( 10 ) days upon the re
reipt of this monthly statement.
Article V
the For the purpose of effecting any payment de
corp bits and credits shall be offset against each other
in the accounts maintained by both principal Il
nancial agent banks and payment shall be made of
the net balance only . Payment shall be niade
either in gold valued at the official rate established
by the United States of America or in dollars of
the United States America in accordance with
of
the following provisions :
( a ) Any excess over and above a net baiance
of FIVE MILLION DOLLARS ( $5,000,000 ) shall be
immediately due and payable on demand of the
creditor ; and
( b ) Final payment of the net balance of these
accounts shall be made on or before the last day
of the second calendar month following the effect
ive date on which this agreement is cancelled or
the Philip terminated Trade transactions which cannot be
or are not completed and ready for presentation
of documents as of the date of cancellation or ter
mination of this Agreement, shall be renegotiated
to ensure the liquidation thereof within
herein provided for final settlement .
Article VI
Credits accruing to the parties from trade with
countries not parties to this Agreement may , on
the mutual consent of the parties and such other
country or countries, be entered in the accounts
maintained by them with their respective princi
pal financial agent banks as if such other country
or countries were party to this Agreement.
Article VII
This Agreement may be revised by mutua !
REPUBLIC consent of the parties or cancelled upon the re
quest of the Government of the Republic of the
Philippines or the Supreme Commander for the Al
Japan
lied Powers, or his successor, upon sixty ( 60 ) days '
notice in writing and shall terminate , unless the
parties hereto stipulate in writing to the contrary .
on the proclamation of a peace treaty between the
Allied Powers , or any of them , and Occupied Japan .
CEBU BRANCH :
COR. MAGALLANES AND
GONZALES STS. TEL . 604
“ KAOTONBANK "
103
Any provision, cancellation or termination of this
Agreement shall be without prejudice to any right
or obligation accruing or incurred hereunder prior
to the effective date of such revision , cancellation
or termination .
Article VIII
Representatives of the Government of the
Republic of the Philippines
and Representatives
of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers ,
or his successor , are authorized to negotiate and
conclude all technical details pertaining to the
implementation of this Agreement.
Article IX
This Agreement shall be effective definitely
upon the exchange of formal ratification by the
Government of the Republic of the Philippines and
the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers .
effect upon signature by the authorized representa
tives as a modus vivendi between the parties
Done in duplicate in the City of Tokyo , Japan,
this 18th day of May in the year of Our Lord , nine .
teen hundred and fifty, and of the Independence
of the Philippines, the fourth .
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC
OF THE PHILIPINES :
( SGD ) BERNABE AFRICA
Chief, Philippine Mission in Japan
FOR THE SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE
ALLIED POWERS ACTING IN RESPECT OF
Agree OCCUPIED JAPAN :
( SGD ) H. F. MARQUAT
Major General USA
众
Memorandum Agreement for
the Revision of the
FINANCIAL AGREEMENT AND TRADE PLAN
between
T'he Gcvernment of the Republic of the Philippines
and the
e
Suprem Comman der of the Allied Powers
Acting in Respect of Occupied Japan
1. Attached hereto is Trade Plan No. 3 and am
endment of the Financial Agreement for Trade be
tween The Government of the Republic of the
Philippines and the Supreme Commander for the
Allied Powers Acting in Respect of Occupied Jap
an , dated the 18th day of May 1950 .
2. The attached documents shall be effective de
finitively upon formalization by the Government of
the Republic of the Philippines and the Supreme
Commander for the Allied Powers acting in respect
of Occupied Japan . Pending such forinalization ,
trade between the Philippines and Occupied Jan
an shall be conducted in accordance therewith on
and after the date of signature of this memoran
dum .
Done in duplicate in the City of Tokyo, Japan,
this 3rd day of March in the year of Our Lord ,
nineteen hundred and fifty -one, and of the Inde
pendence of the Philippines , the Fifth .
FOR THE CHIEF , ECONOMIC AND SCIENTIFIC
SECTION , GENERAL HEADQUARTERS , SUPREME
COMMANDER FOR THE AL.LIED POWERS
ACTING IN RESPECT OF OCCUPIED JAPAN
( Sgd . ) R. W. HALE
Chief, Foreign Trade and
Commerce Division
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES :
( Sgd . ) LUCAS V. MADAMBA
Chairman , Philippine
Trade Mission
the time
THE POOR WE SHALL
ALWAYS HAVE WITH US
Mankind will never be rid of
poverty and suffering as they are
part of life itself. But, surely,
living can be made easier and
suffering lessened through a bit
of neighborly kindness and
friendly concern for our fellow
men,
The Sweepstakes accomplishes
this end through aid to charitable
and
You , too, can contribute your
share by buying tickets.
institutions.
SAVE A LIFE
and
WIN A PRIZE
Philippine Charity Sweepstakes
Tels. 2-73-91 2-73-95 2-78-72 2-90-72
1893 Rizal Avenue Manila
 104 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 52
1951 - 1952
TRADE AGREEMENT, FINANCIAL AGREEMENT in respect of Occupied Japan, dated 18 May 1950 .
AND TRADE PLAN
17
Re
between 2. The attached Trade Plan No. 3 which super
reement for Trade between The Government of
THE COUNTERPART FUNDS BIPO
The Government of the Republic of the Philippines the Republic of the Philippines and the Supreme TEX
and the Commander for the Allied Powers acting in respect (Republic Act No. 604 ) VK
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers of Occupied Japan, dated 18 May 1950 , is deleted AN ACT APPROPRIATING FIFTY MILLION PESOS
Acting in Respect of Occupied Japan and the following inserted in lieu thereof : TO CONSTITUTE A COUNTERPART FUND FOR by
ANY ASSISTANCE WHICH MAY BE RECEIVED res
1 July 1950 30 June 1951 " Any excess over and above a net balance of BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES sied
$ 2,500,000 as of the close of business of any date THROUGH THE ECONOMIC COOPERATION AD Ex
1. Trade Plan No. 3, attached as Tab A , sets forth shall , if such net balance has not been utilized by
the estimates of the coinmodities and services to the creditor for the purchase of goods or services MINISTRATION OF THE UNITED STATES. 01
be interchanged between the Philippines and Oc from the debtor within 30 days , be due and pay Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep Ph
cupied Japan on the basis of contracts for proc able on demand of the creditor. " resentatives of the Fhilippines in Congress as
urement of commodities and services executed Phi
during the period 1 July 1950 to and including 30 Done in Tokyo in duplicate the 12th day of
sembled :
June 1951 . Section 1. There is appropriated , out of any
March 1951 .
The attached Trade Plan No. 3 which super available funds of the Government of the Philip TI
2. FOR THE SUPREME COMMANDER FOR THE
sedes Trade Plan No. 1 and Trade Plan No. 2 is ALLIED POWERS ACTING IN RESPECT pines, the sum of fifty million pesos which shail OI: 1
constitute a “ Counterpart Fund " available for de
adopted in accordance with the terms and provi
OF OCCUPIED JAPAN : posit in a Special Account in the Central Bank
sions of the Trade Agreement between The Govern of the Philippines or in any bank or banks as
ment of the Republic of the Philippines and the FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers acting REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES : determined by the Central Bank in sums commen
surate with the collar value of the goods, and
Adopted under the Trade Agreement Between The cost of services and technical assistance to be
Government of the Republic of the Philippines made available to the Philippines from the Gov
and the erument of the United States through the Economic
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers Cooperation Administration of the United States
Acting in Respect of Occupied Japan pursuant to the Economic Cooperation Act of 1948 ,
as amended , of the United States , the China Area
Aid Act of 1950 of the United States , and any
Estimate of Exports from Estimates of Exports from
Occupied Japan to the Philippines the Philippines to Occupied Japan further applicable United States Legislation pro .
in the total amount of 150,000,000 in the total amount of $ 50,000,000 viding for aid to the Philippines through the he
( c.i.f. Philippine ) ( c.i.f. Occupied Japan ) Economic Cooperation Administration .
Sec . 2. In addition to the foregoing sum , such
sums of money may be received from the sale
1. Textiles and manufactures 1 Iron ore and importation of goods , things , commodities ,
2. Iron and steel products 2. Manganese ore
3. Machinery and equipment 3. Chrome ore articles or services furnished by the United States 021
4. Special machinery , equipment and supplies 4. Molasses to the Philippines as hereinbefore set forth , shall Split
for manufactures 5. Lauan logs and lumber also form a part of the said Fund . mat :
as
6. Rattan
5. Other metal manufactures
7. Mangrove
Sec . 3. The proceeds of the said sales and im berec
bark portations shall be deposited immediately upon
Glass and porcelain
6. 8 Gum conal end
9
Chemicals and chemical products
7. 9 . Buffalo hides
receipt in the said Special Account. The monies
8. Farm equipment 10 . Hide fleshings herein appropriated shall be deposited in the said
9. Ships, fishing boats, equipment and supplies 11 . Shells for buttons Special Account from time to time as required
( including fishing nets ) 12. Kapok or kapok seeds by the Economic Cooperation Administration pur
13 . Ramie suant to the provisions of the legislation herein
10. Others, consisting of essential raw materials, 14. Copra above mentioned . The said Special Account shali
equipment and supplies 15 . Abaca be adequately secured to be available for the pur
11 . Invisibles 16 . Invisibles Th.
Miscellaneous poses for which it is intended .
12 . 17 . Miscellaneous
Sec . 4. The “ Counter Fund" and the said Spe
cial Account shall be disposed of only as inay
be agreed upon between the President of the
Philippines and the duly authorized representative
1 of the United States in accordance with the provi
In consonance with the provisions of para 02
graph id of the Trade Agreement between sions of the legislation hereinabove mentioned , and
the Philippines and SCAP acting in respeci in pursuance of a policy that will provide insofar
of Occupied Japan , the aggregate estimates as possible the greatest good for the greatest num
o the voluine of trade included in the 'I'rade ber of the Philippine people , promote economic op
Plan shall not restrict the issuance of im portunity, and remove the causes of social discon
port and export licenses by either Party . tent and unrest giving preferential treatment in & TO

consonance thereof to the following :

( a ) Financing the construction and rehabilita
tion of roads and bridges and other transportation
and communication facilities to promote market
ing of agriculture, forestry and mine products
PHILIPPINE-SPANISH TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP without undue cost and to provide access to settle
ment areas ;

BETWEEN THE ( b ) Rehabilitation or construction of irrigation

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES AND THE
SPANISH STATE
The Republic of the Philippines and the Spanish
State , animated by the desire to strengthen further
the bond of friendship now happily existing between
them in a manner befitting their historic and cul .
tural ties, have decided to conclude a Treaty of
Friendship and, for this purpose, have agreed upon
the following provisions :
ARTICLE I
There shall be between the Philippines and Spain
constant peace and perpetual friendsinip .
ARTICLE II
The High Contracting Parties shall
settle by
peaceful means any dispute or controversy of any
nature whatsoever that might arise between them
Should such dispute or controversy not be possible
of adjustment by ordinary diplomatic procedures,
the High Contracting Parties shall submit it to a
Permanent Conciliation Commission and , if
method of ettlement still fails , to an Arbitration
Court. The parties may, however, by mutual ag
reement, bring their dispute direct to the Arbitra
tion Court.
· This undertaking shall not appiy to aisputes re
lating to matters considered by the Philippines and
Spain as being essentially of their national compet
ence .
ARTICLE III
The Permanent Conciliation Commission referred
to in the preceding article shall be composed of five
members . Each of the High Contracting Parties
ARTICLE IV
Each of the High Contracting Parties shall ac
credit to the Other , diplomatic representatives who .
once duly recognized and accepted shall , during
the period of their mission , enjoy , on a reciprocal
basis, the rights, privileges and iinmunities gen
erally accorded under international law and usage .
ARTICLE V
Each of the High Contracting Parties shall have
the right to appoint, for such places in the terri
tory of the Other as may be agreed upon by mu
tual consent, Consuls General , Consuls Vice - Con
suls and Consular Agents acceptable to the Other,
who in the exercise of their functions , shall enjoy
the privileges and immunities accorded to their
respective rank in conformity with the generally
recognized principles of international law and
usage .
ARTICLE VI
this
Filipinos in Spain and Spanish nationals in the
Philippines shall enjoy , on the basis of reciproci
ty, and subject always to the respective police ,
security, and other laws and regulations issued by
each of the High Contracting Parties , in all of the
territory of the Philippines , on the one hand , and
in all of the territory of Spain , on the other hand ,
the right to acquire , possess and dispose of movable
and immovable property , to establish and maintain
schools of learning, as well as the privilege to re
side, travel and engage in trade , industry and other
peaceful and lawful pursuits.
system , flood control , reclamation projects and
waterworks system and artesian wells ;
( c ) Financing agricultural production and mar
keting through aids to rural credit and marketing
institutions in form of capital and technical as
sistance ;
( d ) Expansion of existing industries or the For
establishment of new ones , including the expan
sion of power resources , which may be essential
to the development of the national economy ;
( e ) Improvement of living conditions of th:
masses of the people by increasing their purchas
ing power through home industries and through
the promotion of vocational education , adult and
community schools , public health , slum clearance Pare
and low cost housing projects ;
( f ) Assistance to dollar producing and dollar
saving industries through loans or otherwise ;
( g ) Assistance to agriculture , industry, public
works and public administration through added
and improved technical service and training and
research facilities ;
( h ) Financial aid to resettlement projects si
mlar to those now undertaken by the Land Set
tement and Development Corporation and other
goverument programs, including the facilation 01

ARTICLE VII
shall be entitled to appoint one of the members The High Contracting Parties agree to conclude
and they shall by common agreement , appoint the as soon as practicable treaties on commerce and
three other members from whom shall be elected navigation , consular rights and privileges , copy
the President. The last three members must not be
rights and patents, and the validity of academic
nationals of either of the High Contracting Par degrees and diplomas.
ties , be residents in the territory of any of them ,
be in the service of either of them , nor be with ARTICLE VIII
respect to each other of the same nationality . The
members of the Commission shall hoid their ap The High Contracting Parties shall ratify the
pointment for three years. The Commission shali present treaty according to their constitutional or
fundan : ental procedures. The exchange of the ins
be organized and constituted within the six months
following the exchange of ratifications of this treaty . truments of ratification shall take place at Manila ,
Philippines . This treaty shall enter into force upon
The Arbitration Court shall be composed of five the exchange of ratifications and shall thereafter
members who shall be appointed in the same man remain in force continuously unless and until
ner provided in the preceding paragraph for the terminated by one year's written notice .
Conciliation Commission . This Court shall have the IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the respective Plenipo
powers of a referee and its award or decision shall tentiaries have signed this Treaty and hereunto
be final and conclusive for both parties . While act affixed their seals .
ually engaged in the performance of their nduties ,
the members of the Conciliation Commissio or of DONE at Manila, Philippines , in duplicate
the Arbitration Court shall receive compensation English and Spanish languages, this 27th day of
the amount of which shall be determined by mu September, 1947.
tual agreement between both Countries .
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC
The implementary details regarding the substi OF THE PHILIPPINES
tution of the members and the powers , operation
and procedures of the Conciliation Commission and ( Signed ) MANUEL ROXAS
of the Arbitration Court shall be agreed upon by FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SPANISH STATE :
exchange of notes . ( Signed ) TEODOMIRO AGUILAR Y SALAS
the distribution of , and issuance of title to, public
lands to homesteaders and other lawful occupants , fly
( 1 ) Financing the purchase of agricultural and
or residential lands for the purpose of subdividing
them for resale to actual occupants or tenants ,
financial aid to tenants in purchase of lands ;
( j ) Promotion of measures, including fiscal , de
signed to stabilize the monetary situation and re
duce the cost of living particularly for the indigent
and extraordinary low income groups ;
( k ) Facilitate the importaticn of goods and com
niodities essential to the general good of the Phil
Ippine people .
No portion of the said Special Account in ex
CCES of five per centum shali be released except
upon the certification of a duly authorized tep
resentative of the United States Economic Coopera
tion Administration that assistance in the form of
goods, things, commodities, articles, services or
ir
otherwise had been made available to the Philip
pines . Ninety -five per centum of the said Special
Account shall be released subject to the provisions
of the legislation hereinabove mentioned ind in
occordance with the policy hereinabove outlined .
Sec . 5. This Act shall take effect upon its ap •
proval .
Approved , April 27 , 1951 .
251 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 105
change without the payment of the said tax. The
THE 17% EXCISE TAX refund of taxes pursuant to section two and three
( Republic Act No. 601 )
ACT TO IMPOSE A SPECIAL EXCISE TAX ON
FOREIGN EXCHANGE SOLD BY THE CEN
of this Act shall be made by the Central Bank of
the Philippines . The moneys collected shall accrue
to the General Fund in the National Treasury .
THIS MAN
TRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES AND ITS ΟΥ
Sec . 6. Any person violating any provision of this
any of the regulations promulgated pursuant is a
AGENTS . thereto shall, upon conviction , befined in an
it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre amount not exceeding twenty thousand pesos and
sentatives of the Philippines in Congress

ere
assembled :
Section 1. Except as herein otherwise provided,
shall be assessed , collected and paid a spe
al excise tax of seventeen per centum ( 17 % ) on
be value in Philippine peso of foreign exchange
ld and/or authorized to be sold by the Central
enk of the Philippines or any of its agents dur
g the period of two years counted from the date
the approval of this Act.
Section 2. The tax collected under the preced
g section on foreign exchange used for the pay
ent of the cost , transportation and / or other
carges incident to importation into the Philip
ines of rice, flour, canned milk , cattle and beef,
anned fish , soya beans, butterfat, chocolate, malt
rup . tapioca, stabilizer and flavors, vitamin con
entrate , fertilizer, poultry feed ; textbooks, refer
uce books , and supplementary readers approved
y the Board on Textbooks and/ or established
ublic or private educational institutions; news
rint imported by or for publishers for use in the
ublication of books, pamphlets, magazines and
ewspapers ; book paper, book cloth , chip board
mported for the printing of supplementary read
rs (approved by the Board on Textbooks ) to be
upplied to the Government under contracts per
eeted before the approval of this Act, the quan
ity thereof to be certified by the Director of
Printing , anesthetics anti-biotics, vitamins, hor
cones , X-ray films, laboratory reagents, biologicals,
iental supplies, and pharmaceuticals drugs nec and
ssary for compounding medicines; medical
hospital supplies listed in the appendix to this
Act, in quanttii es to be certi fied by the Dire ctor
pitals eof ally needed by s hosp
the itals
of
applHos
ying ther as ;actu
drugs and medicine listed in
he said appendix ; and suchd other drugs and med
icines as may be certifie by the Secretary of
Health from time to time to promote and protect
the health of the people of the Philippines shall
be refunded to any importer making application
therefor, upon satisfactory proof of actual impor
tation under the rules and regulations to be pro
mulgated pursuant to section seven hereof .
Sec . 3. The tax collected on foreign exchange
used for the payment of the cost, transportation
and / or other charges incident to importation into
the Philippines of articles of containers used by
imprisoned for a period not exceeding two years :
Provided, however , That if the offender is a cor
poration , association or partnership, the penalty
shall be imposed upon the president, directors ,
managers, managing partners, as the case may be
FRIEND
and /or the person charged with the administration
thereof .
Sec . 7. The Monetary Board of the Central
Bank of the Philippines shall prescribe and pro
mulgate the necessary rules and regulations to car
ry out the provisions of this Act .
Sec. 8. The tax provided herein shall not be
levied , assessed , and collected upon exchange used
for the importation of industrial and agricultural
machinery covered by an imported license which had
already been granted and the letter of credit for
which had already been opened prior to January
first , nineteen hundred and fifty-one.
Sec . 9. Except as expressly provided in section
five hereof, the provisions of this Act shall in no
case be construed to abrogate , diminish or limit in
any manner any of the powers now excercised or
hereafter to be exercised by the Central Bank of the
Philippines pursuant to existing laws and reguia
tions .
Sec. 10. Separability clause. If any clause , sen
tence, paragraph , or part of this Act is adjudged
by any court of competent jurisdiction to be in
valid , such judgment shall not affect, impair , or
invalidate the remainder of said Act , but shall
be confined in its operation to the clause, sentence
paragraph or part thereof directly involved in the
controversy
Sec . 11. This Act shall take effect upon its
approval.
Approved, March 28 , 1951 .
APPENDIX
MEDICINES , MEDICAL SUPPLIES , DRUGS AND
HOSPITAL SUPPLIES
1. Adrenaline Chloride 1 : 1000 1 cc . amp .
2. Alcohol, refined 95 %
3. Acid , Ascorbic ( Vitamin C ) U.S.P.
4. Acid , Boric , powder
5. Acid , Picric , crystals
6. Acid , Salicylic , crystals
7. Acetone, M.F.
8. Argyrol , crystals 1 oz . bot .
9. Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia , 1 pt . bot .

HE IS YOUR
the importer himself in the manufacture or pre 10. Aspirin Tablets, 5 grs. x 1000
paration of local products for consignment or ex . 11. Ascorbic Acid , tablets. 100 mgm . X 100
12. Ascorbic Acid , ampules . 100 mgm . x 100
AL
CAPIUTRANCE
port abroad shall likewise be refunded upon sa
tisfactory proof under said rules and regulations 13. Aureomycin , capsules, 50 mgm . x 25
that said imported articles or containers were 14. Aureomycin, capsules, 250 mgm . x 16
actually used in the manufacture or preparation 15. Brown Mixture tablets, 500 to bot .
of such local products, forming part thereof, and
that said local products have been actually ex
16.
17.
18.
B -Complex , injectable, 10 cc vial
B -Complex , tablets, 100 to bottle
Bismuth Subnitrate, 1 lb. bot .
INS NTATIVE
REPRESE
ported .
Sec . 4. The tox imposed in this Act shall not 19. Bismuth Subcarbonate , 1 lb. bot .
apply to foreign exchange sold and /or authorized 20. Calcium Gluconate, C.I.
to be sold by the Central Bank of the Philippines 21. Caffeine Sodium Benzoate , U.S.P.
for any of the following purposes : 22. Camphor, powder, U.S.P.
1. Payment in respect of reinsurance . 23. Cathartic Pill Comp . X 100
2. Payment in respect of marine and aviation 24. Caffeine Sodium Benzoate , amps , 1 cc
insurance . 25. Cottonseed Oil . U.S.P.
3. Payment of expenses for the drydocking and 26. Camphorated Oil , Ampules, 1 cc .
repair abroad of vessels of Philippine register, and 27. Castor Oil , 1 gal . can AA .
for the repair abroad of airplanes of Philippine 28. Chloroform , U.S.P.
register, and payment of purchase price or charter 29. Calmel and Santonin, 12 gr. tab x 100
fees of airplanes and vessels of Philippine register . 30. Chloromycetin, caps. 250 mgm . X 12
Provided , That , before vessels are sent to be dry 31. Chlorazene tablets , 1000
docked abroad , an estimate of the cost of dry 32. Collodion , U.S.P.
docking should be certified by the Hulls and Boil 33. Collargol, crvstal, 1 oz . bot .
ers Division of the Bureau of Customs, and in 34. Dextrose, C.P. anhydrous
case of airplanes and airplane parts , the cost of 35. Diarrhea Dysentery tablets , 1000
such repairs and such parts should be certified 36. Digitalin , H.T. 1 / -000 x 20 tab .
by the Civil Aeronautics Administration . 37. Digalen ampules 6 x 1 cc .
4. Remittances for payment of living expenses 38. Dihydro Streptomycin Sulphate " Merck " He is your friendly
of students studying abroad not exceeding the 39. Emetine Hydrochloride, powder
equivalent of three hundred dollars per month , 40. Eucalyptol, U.S.P. Capital Insurance re
and for payment of tuition and other school fees . 41. Extract of Belladonna
5. Payment of premiums by Veterans on Life 42. Formalin , U.S.P. presentative, and his
Insurance policies under the Government of the 43. Hydrogen peroxide , 4 oz . bot .
United States . 44. Iodine crystals , 14 lb. bot.
6. Payment of premiums and other amounts 45. Iodoform powder, 100 gm . bot. job is to see that you
due by policyholders on Life Insurance Policies is 46. Insulin , 40 units per cc . 10 cc . get expert counsel be .
sued before December 9 , 1949. 47. Insulin , 80 units per cc. 10 cc .
7. Payment of machinery and /or raw materials 48. Insulin , Globin with Zinc 40 U10 cc .
to be used by new and necessary industries as de 49. Insulin , Globin with Zinc 80 U 10 cc . fore misfortune threat
termined in accordance with Republic Act Numbered 50. Insulin , Protamine zinc , 40 U 10 cc .
Thirty - five. 51. Insulin , Protamine, Zinc , 80 U 10 cc . ens the security of
Sec. 5. The tax imposed section one
under 52 Jchtvol
5?. Lortose . U.S.P.
hereof shall be paid to the Central Bank of the your family.
Philippines by the purchaser of the foreign ex 54 , Lysol , 1 liter bot .
change, and the Central Bank of the Philippines
and/or its agents shall not sell any foreign ex ( Continued on page 106)
Bid him welcome
at your doors
Fly the convenient , comfortable way " Insure and stay secure with

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WILL* 1949
106 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Section 1. Section twenty - four of Common shall pay to each of his employes who is eroployed
EXCISE ... wealth Act Numbered Four Hundred and sixty
six , as amended , is hereby further amended to
by an enterprise other than in agriculture wiges
at the rate of not less than
( Continued from page 105 ) read as foliows : ( 1 ) Four pesos a day on the effective date of this
" Sec . 24. Rate of tax on corporations.-- There Act and thereafter, for employes of an estab .
55. Glycerine , O. P. lishment located in Manila or its environs
56 , Glycerine, U. S. P. shall be levied , assessed , collected , and paid an
nually upon the total net income received in the ( 2 ) Three pesos a day on the effective date of this
57. Gomenol Act and for one year after the effective date ,
58. Guaiacol Liquid , U. S. P. preceding taxable year from all sources by every
corporation organized in , or existing under the and thereafter P4 a day , for employes of es
59. Gum Arabic , tears laws of the Philippines , no matter how created or tablishments located outside of Manila or its
60. Iron Cacodylate organized , but not including duly registered gen environs : Provided . That this Act shall not
61. Magnesium Sulphate , crystals eral co -partnerships ( compañias colectivas ) я tax apply to any retail or service enterprise that
62. Magnesium Sulphate , dried powder upon such income equal to the sum of the follow regularly employs not niore than five em .
63. Methyl Violet , crystals ing :
64. Mapharsen , 60 gram . ployes.
Twenty per centum upon the amount by which ( b ) Every employer who operates a farm enter
65. Mercurochrome, crystals such total net income does not exceed one hundred prise comprising more than 12 hectares shall pas
66. Morphine Sulfate , powder U.S.P. to each of his employes, who is engaged in agri
67. Morphine ( 1/6 gr . ) with atropine ( 1 / 150gr . ) thousand pesos , and
Twenty - eight per centum upon the amount culture , wages at the rate of not not less than
H. T. ( 1 ) On the effective date of this Act and for
68. Mercury, ammoniated , powder by which such tota ! net income exceeds one
hundred thousand pesos ; and a like tax shall be one year hereafter, P1.75 a day , and no al
69. Methyl alicylate, U. S. P. lowances for board and lodging shall reduce
70. Menthol, crystals levied , assessed , collected , and paid anrually upon
71. Ointment, boric Acid , U. S. P. the total net income received in the preceding this wage below P1.50 in cash during that
72. Ointment, Ammoniated Mercury , U. S. P. taxable year from all sources within the Philip year ;
pines by every corporation organized authorized , ( 2 ) One year after the effective date of this Act ,
73. Ointment, Ichthyol with Belladonna or existing under the laws of any foreign country . P2 a day, and no allowances for board and
74. Ointment, Ophtalmic , yellow mercuric Oxido Provided , however, That Building and Loan Asso lodging shall reduce this wage below P1.75 in
16 accordance
ciations operating as such 12 wit : cash ; and
75. Novocain Cobefrin Capsules 50's sections one hundred and seventy - one to one ( 3 ) One year thereafter, P2.50 a day and no al
76 , Novocain 1 % sol . amp . 20 X 100 hundred and ninety of the Corporation Law , us
lowancez for board and lodging shall reduce
77. Multivitamine Capsules , 30's amerded , as well as private educational institu this wage below P2.25 in cash .
78. Multivitamine Capsules , 100's tions, shall pay a tax of twelve per centum and
79. Penicillin , 200,000 units ten per centum , respectively , on their total net
( c ) Effective on the first of July , nineteen hun
80. Procaine Penicillin G. 10 cc . income : And provided , furtier , That in the case
dred and fifty -two, the minimum wage rates for
employes in the Government service shall be those
81. Procaine Penicillin ' G. single doze of dividends received by a domestic or resident provided in subsections ( a ) and ( b ) of this section
82. Pontocaine Hydrochloride " Winthrop " 10 x 10 foreign corporation from a domestic corporation
mgm . liable to tax under this Chapter, only twenty -live ( d ) This Act shall not apply to farm tenancy or
to domestic pervants .
83. Pontocaine Hydrochloride " Winthrop " 10 x 20 per centum thereof shall be returnable for pur
mgm . poses of the tax imposed by this section ."
( e ) The crew of vessels of Philippine Registry
84. Pentothal Sodium 0.5 Cry , with 20 cc . distilled calling regularly at Manila shall be subject to the
Sec . 2. Section fifty - four of Commonwealth Act minimum Wige for non -agricultural workers in Ma
water, 25's Numbered Four hundred and sixty -six , as amended ,
85. Petrolatum , white is further amended to read as follows : nila as provided for in this Act.
86. Papaverin Hydrochlorida , powder ( f ) Until and unless investigations by the Sec
" Sec. 54. Payment of corporation income tax retary of Labor on his initiative or on petition
87. Potassium Iodine, crystals , 1 lb. bot . at source .- In the case of foreign corporations sub
88. Quinine Dihydrochloririe , U.S.P. ject to taxation under the Title not engaged in
of any interested party result in a different de
89. Quinine Hydrochloride trade or business within the Philippines and not
termination of the fair and reasonable value the
90. Quinine Sulphate Tablets , 5 gr . x 1000 having any office or place of business therein , furnishing of meals shall be valued at nct more
91. Sodium Bucarbonate , T. S. P. there shall be deducted and withheld at the source than forty centavos for any other employes Cov
92. Sodium Chloride , C. P. in the same manner and upon the same iteins ered by this Act, and the furnishing of housing
93. Sodium Cacodylate , U. 6. P. as is provided in sertion fifty -three a tax equal shall he valued at not more than twenty centavos
94. Sodium Clycerophosphate N. F. Crystals to twenty -four per centum thereoí , ana such tax daily for agricultural workers and not more than
95. Sodium Salicylate , U. 6. P. shall be returned and paid in the same manner forty centavos daily for other employes covered by
96. Sodium Para Aminoselicylate and subject to the same conditions as proviued this Act .
97. Strychnine Sulphate , powder , U. S. P. in that section ." ( g ) If in a particular industry a Wage Board ap
98. Sulfadiasine, powder U. S. P. Sec . 3. The provisions of this Act shall apply pointed by the Secretary of Labor within one year
99. Sulfadiasine , tablets, 7.7 grs. 100 %; ' s tc income received from January first , nineteen after the effective date of this Act recommends
100. Sulfaguanidin , powder , U. S. P. hundred and fifty - one to December thirty - first , that a further extension of time before the ap
101. Sulfaguanidin , tablets, 7.7 gr. 1009's nineteen hundred and fifty - three, after the ex plication of the full statutory minimum is jus
102. Sulfathiazole , tablets, 7.7 grs. 1000's piration of which later date the provisions of Re tified in such industry to avoid undue hardship
103. Sulfathiazole , powcer, U. 8 , P. public Act Numbered Five hundred and ninety to the industry , the board may recommend and
104. Sulfanilamide , powder, 5 sm . envelope amending sections twenty - four and fifty -four of the Secretary may approve an extension not to
105. Sodium Citrate , U S. P. the National Internal Revenue Code , as amended , exceed six months and at a minimum wage not
106. Sodium Sulphate , U. S. P shall be in full force and effect . less than the rate provided to take effect on the
107. Sulphur, precipitated, U. 5. P. Approved , March 28 , 1951 . efiective date of this Act .
108. Thiamine Hydrocaloride , U. 8. P. ( h ) With respect to piece -work or contract work .
109. Thiamine Hydrochloride , tablets , 10 mgn . X on petition of an interested party, the Secretary of
100
110. Thiamine Hydrochloride sol . 100 mgm . per
MINIMUM WAGE Labor shall use all available devices of investiga
tion , to determine whether the work is being ccm
cc . vial pensated in compliance with this Act , and shell
111. Tincture of Arnica , 16 oz . bot . (Republic Act No. 602 )
issue findings and orders in connection therewith
112. Thymol , U. S. P. 1/4 lb. bot . AN ACT TO ESTABLISH A MINIMUM WAGE LAW ,
Sec . 4. Wage investigation ; Appointment
113. Vaseline Carbolated , U. S. P. Wage Board.
114. Vitamin B. Complex , tablets , 100's AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repres ( a ) The Secretary of Labor shall have the power.
115. Vitamin B. Complex , 10 cc. vial and it shall be his duty upon petition of six o:
116. Vitamin b12 ( Rubramin ) 30 micrograms per entatives of the Philippines in Congress assem
cc , 5 CC vial bled :
DJ.ore employes in any industry , to cause an inves
Section 1 . Short title of Act. --This Act shall tigation to be made of the wages being paid to the
117. Vitamin K, 10 mgm . rer cc 25's el. ployes in such industry and their living condi
118. Vitamin B. Complex , syrup , 4 oz . bot . be known as tse Minimum Wage Law .
199. Water, double distriled , 50 cc . bot. Sec.2 . Definitions.-- As used in this Act tions, to ascertain if any substantial number of
120. Zinc Oxide, powder, U. S. F. ( a) " Person " means an individual , partnership . sich employes are receiving wages which are less
121. Dextrose 5 % in Water , 500 cc . association , corporation , business trust , legal rep thon sufficient to maintain them in health , effi
122. Dextrose 56 in Normal Saiine, 1000 cc. resentative , or any organized group of persons. crncy and general well - being . If , after such in
123. Dextrose 5 % in Lactate Ringer, 500 cc . b ) " Employer " includes anv person acting di vestigation , the Secretary of Labor is of the opinion
rectly or indirectly in the interest of an employer that any substantial number of such employes art
124. Dextrose 10 % in water , 500 cc .
1000 cc . in relation to an employe and shall include the Gov receiving such wases , he shall appoint a Wage
125. Dextrose 10 % in Normal Saline ,
126. Dextrose 5 % in Norines Saline, 500 cc ernment, and the government corporatious. Loard to fix A minimum wage for such industry.
( c ) “ Employe" includes any individual emplcyed ( b ) A minimum wage to be established under
127. Dextrose 50 % , 50 cc . ampule
this Act shall be as nearly adequate as is econo
128. Cod liver oil 1 kilo pot r.
129. Cortone ) " employe
by ( dan Agriculture " Includes farming in all its n.ically feasible to maintain the minimum stand
130. Crystoids, X 5 Su D, adult branches and among other things includes the cul arc of living necessary for the nealth , efficiency
131. Crystoids , x 5 , S & D children tivation and tillage of the soil , dairying , the pro end general well -being of employes. In the de .
132. Sharnione p & D duction, cultivation , growing, and harvesting of any termination of a minimum wage, the Secretary of
: 33 . Tedral I 120's agricultural or orticultural commodities, the rais Labor and a Wage Board shall, among other rcic
tent factors consider the following :
134. PAS tablets. 100's ing of livestoch or poultry , and any practices per
formed by a farmer or on a farm as ar . incident ( 1 ) The cost of living :
135. T - B One tablets , 100's
136. Similac , 1 lb can to cr in conjunction with such farming operations, ( 2 ) The wages established for work of like or com
137. Fluid Extract of Ergot . 4 oz . bot . hut does not include the manufacturing or pro parable character by collactive agreements
Clauden ampules , 5 x 10 cc . cessing of sugar , coconuts , abaca , tobacco , pine arbitraticn awards .
138.
139. Coagulen , ampules, 5 x 5 cc . apples or other farm products . 13 ) The wages paid for work of like or compar
140. Clauden , tablets, tube of 15 ( e ) " Industry " means a trade, business industry able character by employers who voluntarily
141. Anti - Tetanic Serum , 1 cc . or branch thereof , or group of industries , in whicli maintain reasonable standard ; and
individuals are gainfully employed 14 ) Fair return of the capital invested .
Diphteria Antitoxin , 10,000 units ( c ) The Secretary of Lahor shall make rules and
143. Diphteria Antitoxin , 20,000 units ( 1 ) " Employ " includes to suffer or permit to work .
144. Gas Gangrene Antitoxin ( g ) " Wage " paid to any employe shall mean the gulations governing the appointment of a Wage
154. Atabrine , 1000's remuneration or earnings, however designated , cap Ecard , its public hearings and mode of procedure,
146. Cotton , Absorbent, 1 lb. able of being expressed in terms of money , whe consonant with the requirements of iue process
of law .
147. Cotton , Absorbent , 12 lb. ther fixed or ascertained on a time, task , piece ,
148. Gauze , plain 36 " x 100 yds commission basis, or other method of calculating ( d ) The appointment of Wage Board shall not
149. Bandage , gauze , 1" x 10 yds. the same which is payable by an employer to an preclude the Secretary ' of Labor from subsequently
150. Bandage , gauze, 2" x 10 yds . cnploye under a written or unwritten contract of appointing a new Wage Board for the same indus
en ployment for work done or to be done or for try .
151. Bandage , gauze , 3" x 10 yds .
services rendered or to be rendered , and includes ( e ) The Secretary may appoint a Wage Board for
152. Applicators , wood ( 1000 ot box ) ony industry whether it is named in section three
153. Sutures , Abaca the fair and reasonable value , as determined by of this Act or not .
154. Catgut , Chromic , 1 to 4 the Secretary of Labor, of board , lodging, or other Sec . 5. Wage Board ; Powers and duties : Rec
155. Droppers, medicine facilities customarily furnished by the employer ommendations.-
156. Plaster, adhesive , 3" x 5 yds . to the employe . “ Fair and reasonable value " shall
157. Plaster , adhesive , 2" x 5 yds . not include a profit to the employer or to any la ) A Wage Board appointed under the provisions
158. Plaster . adhesive , 3' ' x 5 yds. person affiliated with the employer which reduces of tais Act shall be composed of a member rep
159. Plaster, adhesive , 12 " x 5 yds . the wages received by the employe below the mi resenting the public who shall act as chairman
160. Syringes, hypo , 10 cc . nimum wage applicable to the employe under this of the Board , two representatives of employes in
161. Syringes , hypo 2 cc . Act , nor shall any transaction between an em the industry, and two representatives of emplo
162. Syringes, hypo 2 cc . ployer or any person affiliated with the employer yers in the same industry . The representatives of
163. Needles , hypo . 34 " x 24
9
and the employe of the employer include any pro the employes and employers shall be selected from
164. Needles, hypo . 2 fit to the employer or affiliated person which re nominations submitted by employes and emplo .
165. Needles , hypo . 1" duces the employe's wage below the minimum wage yors , or organizations thereof. in such industry
applicable to the employe under this Act . Three members of a Wage Board shall constitute a
( h ) " Facilities " shall include articles or services quorum and its recommendation shall require !
of benefit to the employe or his family , but shall vote of not less than a majority of all its mem
CORPORATE TAX not include tools of the trade or articles or serv hers. The members of a Wage Board shall not be
ices primarily for the benefit of the employer or entitled to compensation except to per diems not
( Republic Act No. 600 ) necessary to the conduct of the employer's busi pxceeding seven neses for each day of actual at
ness . tendance and shall be reimbursed for all neces
AN ACT TO PRESCRIBE A GRADUATED SCALE sary travelling expenses incurred in the perform
( 1 ) " Hired farm labor" includes the labor of any
FOR THE INCOME TAX ON CORPORATIONS person employed on a farm , except the labor of the ance of their duties . The chairman , if a govern
BY AMENDING SECTIONS TWENTY - FOUR
AND FIFTY - FOUR OF COMMONWEALTH ACT operator and that of his parents , spouse and chil ment employe , shall not be entitled to any per
dren . diein ,
NUMBERED FOUR HUNDRED AND SIXTY
SIX, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE NATIONAL (1 ) " Farm enterprise" comprises all tracts of ( b ) The Secretary of Labor shall present to 2
INTERNAL REVENUE CODE , AND FOR OTHER land , whether contiguous or not , under one man Wage Board all the evidence and information in
PURPOSES . agement, located in a province and immediately is possession relating to the wages in the indus
Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Repre adjacent provinces, on which any operaticos enu trv for which the Wage Board was appointed and
sentatives of the Philippines in Congress merated in section two (d) are carried or . all other information which he deems relevant to
assernbled : Sec . 3 . Minimum wage . (a) Every employer the establishment of a minimum wage for such
 1951 - 1952
industry and shall cause to be brought before
The Board any witness when he deems material. A
Wage Board may summon other witnesses or cel!
upon
tion
the Secretary to furnish additional informa
to aid in its deliberations,
( c ) Within thirty days of its organization ,
Wage Boar. shall submit to the Secretary of La
bor its recommendations as to a minimum vage
IC
the
be paid by
various employers
branches in the
of the industry
industry or for.
considered
The Wage Board shall not recommend for any
agricultural or non -agricultural industry a mini
mum wage of less than the prevailing wage ob
taining on the effective date of this Act, and in
no case less than he minimum wage rates set in
section three of this Act. These wages may in
clude minimum wages varying with localities. ! 1
in the judgment of the Board conditions make such
local dufferentiation proper and necessary to ef .
fectuate the purpose of this Act and such dif
ferentiation does not give ar undue competitive
advantage to any ocality; and may include terms
and conditions relating to part-time employniens
and suitable treatment of other cases or classes of
crses which because of the nature and character
of the employment, in the judgment of the Board ,
justify special treatment, including, in the case of
persons employed as industrial homeworkers, the
highest minimum rate which is economically feas
ible and which will not result in substantial cur
tallment of employment opportunities for such em
ployes , and which shall not be less than seventy-fiv " .
per cent of the minimum wage rates established
in section three of this Act . Home industries cor
ered by this Act shall include apparel, embroide
ry ,other needle trades, shoes, weaving, basketry .
end other handicrafts . The Secretary may add
specific hoine industries to the coverage of this
Act by regulation , when he deems it necessary
further the purposes of this Act. If the report of
the Wage Board is not submitted within thirty
days , the Secretary of Labor may appoint a new
Wage Board .
Sec . 6. Wage orders.- (a ) Upon the filing of the
Wage Board's report, the Secretary of Labor shall
give notice to interested parties and conduct a
public hearing, the Secretary of Labor shall. within
fliteen days after the termination of the hearing ,
approve or reject, but not modify, the minimum wa
ges recommended by the Wage Board. If he rejects
the minimum wages recommended by the Wage
Board , he shall issue a statement of his reasons
therefor , and shall submit the matter to the same
Board which shall be convened within fifteen days,
and such Board shall submit its report and rec
ommendations within thirty days after it has been
convened , and in case of further disagreement be
tween the Secretary and the Board , the decision of
the Secretary shall prevail. If he approves the
recommendation of the Wage Board , he shall, on
the date of approval, issue a wage order prescrib
lng the minimum wages to be paid to the em
ployes in the industry . Due notice of any hear
lug provided for in this section shall be given Oy
public : tion in such newspapers of general circu
lation and by such other means as the Secretary
of Labor deems reasonably calculated to give gen
eral notice to interested parties. The procedurn
at the public hearings before the Secretary shall
be consonant with due process of law . The rules
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
ot evidence applied by the courts in proceedings
at law shall not strictly apply in any proceeding
conducted by or before a Wage Board .
( b ) Orders issued under this section shall de
fine the industry to which they apply and may
include such administrative regulations as
2
Secretary of Labor finds necessary to carry out the
purposes of this Act and of the orders. Except as
provided in section nine the rates established by
any minimum wage order shall apply alike to ali
employes regardless of age or sex
( C ) No such order shall take effect until fifteen
days after due notice is given of the issuance
thereof by publication in such newspapers of gen
eral circulation and by such other means as the
Secretary of Labor deems reasonably calculat to
give to interested parties general notice of ed
such
issuance . A certified copy of each of such order
shall be filed in the office of the President of tł : e
Philippines.
( d ) No employer shall , after the effective dlate
or a minimum wage order, pay an employe who is
within the scope of the wage order, employed by
!im , wages at less than the amount prescribed in
this Act or in such order, as the case may be .
Sec . 7. Right of Review . ( a ) Any person ag
grieved by an order of the Sncretary of Labor is
sued under this Act may obtain a review of such
crder in the Supreme Court by filing in such
Court within fifteer. days after the entry and
rublication of such order a written petition pray
ing that the order of the Secretary of Labor be
modified or set aside in whole or in part . The
review by the Court shall be limited to questions
of law , and findings of fact by the Secretary of
Labor when supported by substantial evidence shall
be conclusive . If the petitioner or appellant is
an employe , wage eainer , farmer, or laborer, he
shall be exempted from filing appeal bond, and
cocketing pee and he can file typewritten plead
tugs in all cases.
( b ) The commencement of proceedings under
subsection ( a ) shall not , unless specifically order
ed by the Court, operate as a stay to the order un
less the person complaining of such order shall file
ir court an undertaking with a surety or sureties
satisfactory to the Court for the payment to the
employes affected by the order, in the event such
cider is affirmed , of the amount by which the
compensation such employes are entitled to receive
under the order exceeds the compensation they ac
tually received while such stay is in effect.
Sec. 8. Oaths: Affidavit : Subpoena.- ( a ) The Sec
retary of Labor or the Chairman of the Wage Board
shall have the power to administer oaths, to take
or cause to be taken the deposition of witnesses
and to require by subpoena the attendance and
testimony of witnesses and the production of all
books, records, and other evidence relative to any
matter under investigation . In case of faliure of
any persor. to comply with a subpoena lawfully
Issued under this section or on the refusal of any
witness to produce evidence or to testify to any
matter regarding which he may be lawfully in
terrogated , it shall be the duty of the proper court
of First Instance, upon application of the Secre .
tary of Labor, or the Chairman of the Wage Board ,
to compel obedience by proceedings for contempt ,
as in the case of disobedience of the requirements
of a subpoena issue by such court or a refusa )
tk . testify therein . The Secretary of Labor or the
107
Chairman of the Wage Board shall have the pow
er to certify to official acts .
( b ) No person shall be excused from attendin ,
and testifying or from producing books, paners ,
correspondence, memoranda, contracts, agreements,
the or other records and documents before the Secre
tary of Labor or a Wage Board , or in obedience to
the subpoena of the Secretary of Labor or a Wage
Board or in any cause or proceeding Instituted un
rier this Act , on the ground that the testimony
Oz evidence, documentary or otherwise, required of
him may tend to incriminate him or subject him
to a penalty for forfeiture ; but no individual shall
be prosecuted or subjected to any penalty or for
feiture for or on account of any transaction , mat
ter or thing concerning which he is compelled to
testify or produce evidence , documentary or other
wise, after having claimed his privilege against
self -incrimination, except that such individual so
testifying shall not be exempt from prosecution
and punishment for perjury committed in so tes
tifying.
Sec . 9. Learners or apprentices : Handicapped
workers . - The Secretary of Labor and /or any of his
authorized representatives, to the extent necessary
to prevent curtallment of opportunities for their
employment, shall , by regulations or by orders pro
vide for ( a ) the employment of learners or appren
tices under special certificates issued by the Sec
retary pursuant to such regulations, at wages which
In no case shall be lower than 75 % ( per cent ) of the
applicable minimum , and subject to such limita
tions as to period , number, proportion , and length
of service , which in no case shall be more than
one year, as shall be prescribed in such certificates ,
and ( b ) the employment of individuals whose earn
ing capacity is impaired by physical or mental de
ficiency or injury , at such wages, which in no
case shall be lower than 50 per cent of the applic
able minimum and for such period as shall be
fixed in special certificates issued by the Secre
tary pursuant to such regulations : Provided , how
ever, That the employment of learners or appren
tices who are students or graduates of authorized
nautical schools, in vessels of Philippine registry,
may be permitted without compensation .
Sec . 10. Direct payment of wages.- ( a ) Payment
in legal tender :
( 1 ) Except as herein otherwise provided, wages
payable in money shall be paid in legal ten
der of the Philippines , and it shall hereaf
ter be unlawful to pay such wages in the
form of promissory notes, voucher, coupons,
tokens or any other form alleged to represent
legal tender ;
( a ) In accordance with such regulations as the
Secretary of Labor may prescribe, the pay
ment of wages may be made by bank check or
postal check or money order in cases in which
payment in such manner is customary or is nec
essary because of special circumstances.
( b ) Wages, including wages which may be paid
retroactively for whatever reason , shall be paid di
rectly to the employe to whom they are due, ex
cept :
( 1 ) In cases where the employe is insured with his
consent by the employer, the latter shall be
entitled to deduct from the wage of the em
ploye the amount paid by the employer for
premiums on the insurance :
( 2 ) In cases of force majeure rendering such pay

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The UNIVERSITY OF MANILA
Sampaloc Unit : 36, 64 , 105, 155 Alejandro VI Street
PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURING CO. Tondo Unit : Gamban Street and North Bay Boulevard

Sales Office : Soriano Building, Dasmariñas Member : Philippine Association of Colleges and Universities
P. 0. Box 790, Manila. Tel. 3-82-86 International Association of Universities
 108
ments impossible ; and
( 3 ) In cases where the right of the employes or
his union to check -off has been recognized
by the employer or authorized in writing by
the individual employes concerned .
( c ) An employer may pay the wages of a de
ceased employe to the heirs of the latter, with
out the necessity of intestate proceedings , if they
are all of age shall execute an affidavit attesting
to their relationship to the deceased and the fact
that they are his heirs , to the exclusion of all
other persons. If any of the heirs is a minor , the
affidavit shall be executed in his behalf by his na
tural guardian or next of kin . The affidavit shall
be presented to the employer , who make pay
ment through the Secretary of Labor or his rep
resentative . The representative of the Secretary
of Labor shall act as referee in dividing the amount
paid among heirs . The payment of wages under
this subsection shall absolve the employer of any
further liability with respect to the anivunt paid .
( d ) No employer shall limit or otherwise inter
fere with the freedom of any employe to dispose
of his wages .
( ei No employer shall in any manner, force , com
pel or oblige his employes directly or indirectly
to make use of any store or services operated by
such employer or any other person .
( f ) No employer shall make any deduction from
the wages of his employes, except under author
ity of law , or require his employes to make de
posits from which deduction shall be made , for
the reimbursement of loss or damage to tools, ma
terials or equipment supplied by the employer , un
iess he shall have first obtained authorization from
the Secretary . Such authorization to make de
ductions from wages or require deposits for re
imbursement for the purpose stated shall be based
upon a finding that the practice of making de
ductions or requiring deposits is a recognized one
in the trade or occupation concerned ; or that it
is necessary or desirable in such trade or
pation .
The authorization to make such deductions shall
be subject to the following conditions:
( 1 ) That the employer shall inform the emplo
yes in the manner prescribed by the Secre
tary of Labor of the extent to which and the
conditions under which such deductions may
be inade .
( 2 ) That the employe concerned is clearly shown
to be responsible for the loss or damage;
( 3 ) That such employe is given reasonable
portunity to show cause why deduction should
not be made : and
( 4 ) That the amount of such deduction is fair
and reasonable and shall not exceed the ac
tual amount of the loss or damage , and shall
be paid at such rate that the amount de
ducted in any week shall not exceed twenty
per cent of the employe's wages for that
week .
( g ) It shall be unlawful for any person , includ
ing but not restricted to , any employer , supervi
sor , foreman or other representative of an em
ployer , employment agent , labor contractor , re
cruiter, or any officer or representative of a labor
organization , cr any officer of the National Gore
err ht or of any provincial, city or municipal
government , or any superintendent , supervisor,
foreman , time -keeper, or person in charge in the
service of such government , to make any deduc
tions or withhold any amount from the wages of
an employe or induce any employe to give up any
part of the ' wages to which he is entitled by force,
intimidation , threat or procuring dismissal or in
any other manner whatsoever.
( h ) Wages shall be paid not less often than once
every two weeks or twice a month at intervals not
exceeding sixteen days In case of employes hired
to perform a task , the completion of which re
quires more than a fortnight, and in respect of
whom intervals for the payment of wages are not
otherwise fixed by collective agreement or arbi
tration award , it shall be the duty of the em
ployer :
( 1 ) To make payment on account not less often
than once every two weeks or twice a month
at intervals not exceeding sixteen days ; and
( 2 ) To make a final settlement within two weeks
after the completion of the task .
( i ) Payment of wages shall be made at or near
the place of undertaking , except as otherwise prov
ided by such rules and regulations as the Sec
retary of Labor may prescribe.
( j ) Employer's responsibility of contractor's pay
roll :
( 1 ) Whenever an employer shall contract with
another person for the performance of the
employer's work , then it shall be the duty of
such employer to provide in such contract
that the latter's subcontractor shall be paid
according to the provisions of this Act and
in the event that such contractor or subcon
tractor shall fail to pay wages to his em
ployes as specified in this Act , such emplo
ver shall become civilly liable to the emplo
yes of the contractor or subcontractor to the
extent that such work performed under such
contract , in the same manner as if said em
ployes were directly employed by such em
ployer .
( 2 ) The provisions of paragraph one of this sub
section shall likewise be applicable to any
person , firm , partnership , association or cor
poration who , not being employer , and here
inafter referred to as " Indirect Employer " ,
contracts with a contractor for the perform
ance of his work .
( 3 ) In the cases prescribed in paragraphs
one and two hereof , the employer or indi
rect employer shall have the right to acquire
the contractor to furnish bond in a sum
equal to the cost of labor under the contract ,
on condition that such contractor shall pay
the wages of the employes for the perform
ance of such contract in accordance with the
provisions of this Act .
( k ) Notification of wage conditions . - It shall be
the duty of every employer to, notify his employes
at the time of hiring of the wage conditions under
which they are employed , which shall include the
following particulars :
( 1 ) The rate of wages payable ;
( 2 ) The method of calculation of wages :
( 3 ) The periodicity of wage payment : the day,
hour and place of payment ; and
( 4 ) Any change with respect to any of the fore
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
going items. payment of the unpaid minimum wages or the
( 1 ) This section shall apply to all employes to wages found owing to any employe under this Act
whom a minimum wage applies under this Act, ( d ) The Secretary may bring an action in any
:ncluding those who are paid wages higher than competent court to recover the wages owing to an
the applicable minimum . employee under this Act , with legal interest . Any
Sec . 11. Regulations and orders.-- ( a ) the Sec sui thus recovered by the Secretary on behalf of
retary of Labor may make , issue, amend and re an employee pursuant to this subsection shall be
scind such regulations and orders as are necessa held in a special deposit account and shall be
ry , or appropriate to carry out the provisions of paid ,on order of the Secretary , directly to the
this Act . Such regulations or orders , and without employees affected . Any such su :ns not paid to
limiting the generality of the foregoing , may de an employee because he cannot be located within
fine terms used in this Act and may include such a period of three years shall be covered into the
terms and conditions , including the regulations of Treasury as miscellaneous receipts .
industrial home work or such other acts or prac ( e ) Any employer who underpays an employee
in violation of this Act shall be liable to the
tices , as the Secretary of Labor finds necessary or
appropriate to carry out the purposes of the Act employee affected in the the amount uf th : un .
paid wages with legal in : erest . Irtion to recover
or Wage Order issued thereunder and to prevent such liability may be maintained in ly com
the circunvention or evasion thereof and to safe
guard the standards therein established , and may petent court by anyone or more employees on
behalf of himself or themselves .
provide for the reasonable valuation of board , such action shall , in addition to
The court in
lodging or other similar services furnished by an any judgment
employer to his employes . awarded to the plaintiff or platffz, aliow d
( b ) Regulations or orders of the Secretary which reasonable attorney's fee which shall not exceeu
relate to industrial homework may restrict such ten per cent of the amount awarded to the plain
tiffs , unless the amount than awarded is less
work or may establish piece rates which shall yield one hundred pesos , in which event the fee Day
to the average employe of an undertaking the
minimum wage applicable to the industrial home be ten pesos, but not in excess of that amouni.
workers involved . Payment of the amount found due to the plain
tiffs shall be made directly to the plaintiff , in
( c ) Regulations or orders of the Secretary of La
bor issued pursuant to subsection (a) or (D ) or the presence of a representative of the Secretary
or of the Court . In the event payment is witness
this section , which relate to industrial homework ed by the court or its representative, the Secretary
shall be made only after notice to interested per shall be notified within ten days of payment that
sons and a public hearing by the Secretary of
Labor at which such persons may be heard . the payment has been made.
( d ) Regulations or orders issued pursuant to this ( f ) No employer, attorney , or any other person
section shall take effect upon publication in such shall receive any part of the underpayment due the
newspapers of general circulation , and by such other employee ; and no attorney shall receive any fee
means as the Secretary of Labor deems reasonably in excess of the maximum specified herein .
calculated to give to interested persons general (g) In letermining when an action is com
menced under this section for the purposes of the
notice of such issuance .
( e ) Regulations or orders issued pursuant to this statute of limitation , it shall be considered to be
section shall be subject to court review , in ac commenced in the case of any indivialtai claim
occu
cordance with the same procedure as provided in ant on the date when the complaint is filed he
section seven of this Act . is specifically named as a par : y plaintiff in the
Sec . 12 . Administration and enforcement- ( a ) complaint, or his name did not appear, on the
there is hereby created the Wage Administration subsequent date on which lis name is added as
Service , in the Department of Labor, under a Chief , a party plaintiff in such action .
who shall be com ensated at the ile 01 sever Sec . 16. Jurisdiction of the courts . ( a ; "The
thousand two hundred pesos per annum . court of First Instance shall have jurisdiction to
( b ) The Wage Claims Division of the Bureau of restrein violations of this Act ; action by the Sec
Labor is hereby abolished , and its functions trans retary or by the employees affected to recover under
ferred to the Wage Administration Service , toge payment may be brought in any competent Court ,
ther with the records, and equipments, and un which shall render it a decision on such cases
op
within fifteen days from the time the case has
expended appropriation of that Division , and such been submitted for decision ; in appropriate ins.
personnel as the Secretary may direct.
( c ) The Secretary may, on the recommendation tance, appeal from the decisions of these courts
on any action under this Act sha ! be in ac
of the Chief of the Wage Administration Service cordance with applicable law .
and subject to civil service laws , appoint such em
( b ) In the event that a dispute case before the
ployes as he deems to be necessary to carry out
his functions under this Act , and shall fix the Court of Industrial Relations involves 23 the sole
issue or as one of the issues a dispute is to
compensation of such employes in accordance with
law .
minimum wages above the applicab.e statutory
( d ) The Secretary may make arrangements for minimum , and the Secretary of labor has issued
no wage order for the industry or locality applicable
the use of existing national, provincial , or local to the enterprise, the Court of Industrial Relations
agencies, and may utilize such agencies , and such may hear and decide such wage issue ; Provided,
voluntary and uncompensated services, as may
however , That the Secretary of Labor shall not
regularly or from time to time be needed in car undertake to fix the minimum wage for an in
rying out his functions under this Act .
dustry or branch thereof which involves only a
( e ) The Secretary of Labor may delegate any er single enterprise or a single employer .
all of his powers in the administration or enforce ( c ) Where the demands of minimum wages in
ment of this Act to the Chief of the Wage Ad
ministration Service, who may act personally or volve an actual strike , the matter shall be sub
mitted to the Secretary of Labor , who shall attempt
through duly authorized representatives ..
to secure a settlement between the parties through
( f ) Unless otherwise provided , the Chief of the conciliation . Should the Secretary fail within
Wage Administration Service is authorized and it fifteen days to effect said settlement , he shall in
shall be his duty to enforce the provisions of this dorse the matter together with other issues involved
Act and the orders and regulations issued there to the Court of Industrial Relations which will
under . acquire jurisdiction on the case includiig rie
( g ) Every employer shall keep a printed abstract minimum wages issue, and after a hearing where
of the law and a copy of any minimum wage or the views of the Secretary of Labor will be giver . ,
der to which he may be subjected , conspicuously will decide the case in the same manner as pro
posted in or about the premises wherein any per vided in other cases . The decision shall be ren
son subject thereto is employed . He shall keep dered by the court in banc within fifteen dave
in or about the premises wherein any emnlove after the case has been submitted for determin
is employed a record of the name, address and OC ation , and its finding of facts shall be conclusive
cupation of each such employe , of the amount if supported by substantial evidence, and shall be
paid each pay period to each such employe , of the subject only to an appeal by certiorari .
amount paid each workweek to each such em
Sec. 17. Statute of Limitation .--Any action com
after the
effective date of this
ploye , and of such other information and for menced on or
such periods of time as the Secretary Act to enforce of action under this
any cause 1
of Labor may by regulation or order prescribe . Act may be commenced within three years aftur
( h ) The Secretary of Labor or his authorized rep the cause of action accrued , and every such action
resentatives shall for the purpose of examination shall be forever barred unless commenced within
.
have access to and the right to copy from such three years after the cause of action accrued .
Sec . 18. Protection of the Service .- ( a ) All per
record , to question such employe and investigate sons appointed or asigned to work in the GOV
such fact , condition , or matter as he may deem
necessary or appropriate to determine whether any ernment in the administration and enforcement
person has violated any provision of this Act, or of this Act shall be appointed and shall serve
any wage order or regulation issued by the Sec under the Civil Service rules and regulations .
retary of Labor , or which may aid in the enforce ( b ) No person engaged in the administration and
ment of the provisions of this Act and of the enforcement of this Act, shall , during his tenure
wage orders or regulations issued hereunder . of office , be an employer or an officer, represent
Sec . 13 . Discrimination . - On and after the ef ative , or agent of an employer's association , cr
fective date of this Act it shall be unlawful for of an association of employees, and no communist
any person to discharge or in any other manner may be appointed to or may hold such office , nor
to discriminate against any employe because such shall any person engaged in the administration
employe has filed any complaint or instituted or and enforcement of this Act as attorney or went
caused to be instituted any proceeding under or for parties to a labor dispute , or .11ve any financiu !
related to this Act , or has testified or is about to interest in such dispute .
testify in any such proceeding , or has served or ( c ) Any official of the Government to whom
is about to serve on a Wage Board . responsibility in administration and enforcement
Sec . 14 . False reporting .-- On and after the ef has been delegated under this Act shall be re
fective date of this Act it shall be unlawful for movable on the sustaining of chargos of mal
person to make any statement, report, or rec feasance or nonfeasance in office .
any
ord filed or kept pursuant to the provisions of ( d ) Any person engaged in the admin'st :ation
this Act or of any regulation Or order thereun and enforcement of this Act who is found to lav
der, knowing such statement, report or record to accepted any bribe from or on behalf of any
be false in a material respect . party in interest under this Act shall be Silin
marily dismissed , and criminal action shall be
Sec . 15 . Penalties and recovery of wage due un
der this Act .- ( a ) Any person who wilfully vio instituted against such person .
lates any of the provisions of this Act shall upon Sec . 19. Relations to other labor laws and prai
conviction thereof be subject to a fine of not tices.-- Nothing in this Act shall deprive an em
more than two thousand pesos , or . upon second ployee of the right to seek fair wages, shorter
conviction , to imprisonment of no more than one working hours and better working conditions nor
justify an employer in violating any other labor
year , or to both such fine and imprisonment , in
the discretion of the court . law applicable to his employees, in reducing the
( b ) If any violation of this Act is committed by wage now paid to any of his einployees in excess
A corporation , trust, partnership or association , the of the minimum wage established under this Act .
or in reducing supplements furnished on the date
manager or in his default , the person acting as such
when the violation took place , shall be responsible . of enactment .
In the case of a government corporation , the man Sec . 20. Superseding of those provisions terms
agung head shall be made responsible , except when of private agreements or contracts that are 1
shown that the violation was due to an act or contravention of the requirements of this Act.
commission of some other person , over whom he No worker or organization of workers may volun .
has no control, in which case the latter shall be tarily or otherwise , individually or collectively.
held responsible . walve any rights established under this Act, and
no agreement contract oral or written , to accept
( c ) The Secretary is authorized to supervise the
 1951 - 1952
a lower wage or less than any other be lefit re
quired under this Act shall be vair).
Sec . 21. Report by the Secretary . - The Secretary
of Labor shall submit annually in January i public
report to the President and Congress covering kis
activities in the administration and enforcement
of this Act during the preceding year and includ
ing such information , data, and recommendations
for amendments or further legislation in connec
tion with matters covered by this Act as he may
find advisable .
Sec . 22. Appropriation .-- The sum of one hundred
fifty thousand pesos or so much thereof as may
be necessary is hereby authorized to be appro
priated out of the unappropriated funds of the
Philippine Treasury , for salaries, per diems , travel
ling expenses, purchase of materials and equip
ment and other necessary sundry expenses that
may be incurred in carrying out the provisions
of this Act. The expenses for ' succeeding fiscal
years shall be provided in the current appropria
tions for such years .
Sec . 23. Repeal of inconsistent prior enactment .
--Any provisions of law previously enarted on the
subject matter of this Act that is inconsistent
with any provisions of this Act is liereby repealed.
Sec. 24. Separability . - If any provision of this
Act or the application of such prorsion to any
person or circumstance is held invalių , the
mainder of the Act and the application of such
provisions to other persons ur cimumstances shall
not be affected thereby .
Sec . 25. Efective date .-This Act shall take effect
one hundred twenty days fter its enactment, ex
cept that the appointment of personnel and pre
parations for administration and enforcement may
take effect immediately upon its enactment.
Approved , April 6, 1951 .
IMPORT CONTROL
( Republic Act No. 650 )
AN ACT TO REGULATE IMPORTS AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represent
atives of the Philippines in Congress assembled :
Section . 1. No commodity may be imported into
the Philippines without an import license issued in
accordance with the provisions of this Act, with
the exception of the cases mentioned in section ten
hereof : Provided , That the President of the Philip
pines , at any time may, by executive order, when
the public welfare so demands , direct the import
ation of any class or kind of commodity without
the need of any kind of license which directly or in
directly limits or controls importation and foreign
exchange .
Sec . 2. The import license provided for in section
one of this Act shall be issued by the President
of the Philippines through such existing board or
instrumentality of the Government as he may choose
or create to assist him in the execution of this Act .
No other government instrumentality or agency
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
shall be authorized to qualify or question the vali
dity of any license so issued. Question of legality
and interpretation of any license shall be decided
exclusively by said board or instrumentality sub
ect to appeal to the President .
Sec . 3. The President , on recommendation
the Board or instrumentality provided for in section
of
two , shall, in accordance with provisions of this
Act :
(1) Issue rules and regulations for the enforce
ment of this Act ;
(2 ) Formulate policies for the granting of quo
ta allocations and import licenses :
( 3 ) Budget the dollars certified and made
available for imports by the Central Bank of the
Philippines, among commodities or groups of corn
modities;
( 4 ) Delete or add items to appendix " A " ; and
( 5 ) Reduce or ban the importation of non -e3
sential commodities and those that are already
produced economically and in sufficient quantities
in the Philippines, except what may be imported
under section ten of this Act.
Sec . 4 . In budgeting the dollars available for
essential imports , dollars shall be allocated for the
importation of machinery , equipment , and raw mat
erials for essential industries which should be en
re courage and protected : Provided , however , That in
the granting of dollar exchange , first priority shall
be given to any government agency which is charged
with the duties and functions of stockpiling essential
articles , goods . or commodities , and /or with the
stabilization of prices ; and to all government agen
cies and instrumentalities for their essential needs
as approved by the Department Secretary concerned .
Second priority shall be granted the needs of bona
fide producers as regards the capital equipment and
raw materials needed by them to the extent that
the are not produced locally in adequate quantities .
After meeting the requirements mentioned above
in the preceding paragraphs, the balance of the
available foreign exchange shall be distributed
among business firms and bona fide importers in
accordance with the rules and regulations in the al
location of quotas , in proportion to their indir dual
average importation in the year 1949, including such
reasonable allocation for bona fide new Filipino im
porters as would encourage them to participate in
Importation.
The terms " producers' shall include not only pro
ducers of agricultural and industrial products , but
also public utilities, hospitals, publishers, educa
tional institutions and , in general , institutions pro
moting the economic development of the country .
Sec. 5. The Monetary Board of the Central Bank
of the Philippines shall certify and publish , imme
diately upon the passage of this Act , every six
months thereafter, and also at any time as it may
deem advisable , the value of foreign exchange which
shall be available for imports for the corresponding
period .
Sec . 6. No import license shall be issued without
available foreign exchange to cover such license .
with the exception of cases enumerated in section
109
ten of this Act .
Sec. 7 Upon the presentation to the Bureau of
Customs of a duly issued import license . It shall
be ministerial duty of said Bureau to allow the entry
of the import items covered by such import license.
Sec . 8. Unless extended in accordance with the
rules and regulations, import licenses issued under
this Act and which are not used within thirty days
after their issue by the opening of a letter of cre
dit or a similar transaction shall be null and void .
Import licenses are nontransferable .
Sec. 9. Anyone who has been granted an import
and corresponding foreign exchange license shall
account for the investment of the latter, and , if found
to have an unexpended balance, the allocation for
such balance shall be cancelled . The foreign ex
change corresponding to quota allocations and im
port licenses not used , may be the subject of new
quota allocations to be issued in conformity with
the rules and regulations.
Sec . 10. The following shall not be subject to im
port control and can be brought into Philippine jur
isdiction without license :
( a ) Commodities of a value not exceeding five
thousand pesos ( P5,000 ) ) already used in a foreign
country by the person or family importing the same ,
and which are being imported for the personal use
of the persons or family importing them , as well
as gifts sent from abroad through the post office , of
a value not more than one hundred pesos ( P100 )
each gift , unless there is evidence of abuse in the
use of this privilege ; and
( b ) Commodities brought from abroad by a per
son who is returning to the Philippines, provided
they are not being brought for commercial purposes ,
and do not exceed one thousand pesos (P1,000 ) in
value, unless there is evidence of abuse in the use
of this privilege
Sec , 11. Any provisions of law to the contrary
notwithstanding , import license shall be granted
for the following :
( a ) Commodities brought from abroad without re
quiring foreign exchange and imported for purposes
of investment in the Philippines : Provided , That
the proceeds will be invested in the Philippines.
( b ) Goods imported from countries with which the
Philippines has barter trade agreements, preference
being given to producers who export to said coun
tries .
Sec . 12. Quota allocations and import licenses
granted in favor of an importer who is not a pro
ducer , covering essential commodities listed in Ap
pendix " A " may be subjected by the Board of Di
rectors of the Price Stabilization Corporation to a
system of controls and rationing in its distribution
subject to rules and regulations as may be issued by
the said Board .
Sec . 13 . All import
licenses issued to any import
er who is not a producer shall contain the condition
that the importer shall reserve not less than fifty
per cent of his imports for sale to bona fide Filipino
merchants at the same mark -ups granted to his re
gular trade outlets. An importer who is unable to
sell fifty per cet of his import to Filipino merchants

>
SA
PHILIPPINE
n A AUTOMOTIVE

24SA
DISTRIBUTORS ASSOCIATION
SDO
" BETTER TRANSPORT BRINGS MORE GOOD THINGS TO MORE PEOPLE "
Allied Motors , Inc.
Dodge Manila Trading & Supply Co.
Ferd
Bachrach Motor Co. , Inc. Mayon Motors, Inc.
Federal, White , Nash , Austin Pontiac, GMC Gasoline
Bicol Trading, Inc. Mindanao Motors Corporation
Ford , Mercury , Lincoln Ford , Mercury, Lincoln
Davao Motor Sales Montilla Motor Co.
Ford, Mercury, Lincoln Ford, Mercury, Lincoln
Motor Service Co.
East Visayan Motors, Inc. Automotive Spare Parts
Ford, Mercury, Lincoln Northern Motors, Inc.
Embassy Motors, Inc. Chevrolet, Oldsmobile, GMC Diesel
DeSoto Panay Motors, Inc.
Fabar, Incorporated Ford, Mercury, Lincoln
Studebaker Philippine Motors, Inc.
Heirs of D. Tuason , Inc. Dodge
Port Motors, Inc.
Ford, Mercury, Lincoln
International Harvester Company of Philippines Mercury, Lincoln
International Ramcar, Incorporated
Hillman , Sunbeam, Humber, Commer
Levy Hermanos, Inc. Reliance Motors, Inc.
Hudson Buick, Cadillac, Bedford , Vauxhall
Liberty Motors, Inc. Rizal Motors, Inc.
Willys Chrysler, Plymouth , Fargo
Liddell & Co., Inc. Southern Motors, Inc.
Chevrolet , Oldsmobile , GMC Diesel ( Importers only ) Chevrolet, Pontiac, Buick, Cadillac , GMC Gasoline
United Equipment & Supply Co.
Macondray & Co., Inc. Automotive Spare Parts
Packard, Reo United Motors ( P.I. ) Inc.
Manila Auto Supply Dodge
Automotive Spare Parts Yutivo Sons Hardware Co.
Manila Motor Works
Kaiser - Frazer Chevrolet , Pontiac, Buick, Cadillac, GMC Gasoline
( Importers only )
PHILIPPINE AUTOMOTIVE DISTRIBUTORS ASSOCIATION
P. O. BOX 3 3 90
M a n il a
 110 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
shall apply to the President for authority to release Act . Gypsum
the unused portions : Provided , That nothing con Essential Items of Import Piuster of Paris
tained in this Act shall in any way impair or abridge ( Italicized words are classifications, not items of Sulphur
the rights granted to citizens and juridical entities import ) Talc power (not face powder )
of the United States of America under the Executive Animal products, inedible Glass and Glass Products
Agreement signed on July fourth , nineteen hundred Hides and skins Cattle Plate glass
and forty - six , between that country and the Repun Other hides and skios Window glass
lic of the Philippines . Leather , unmanufacture Sheets glass ( not plate nor window
Sec . 14 . All applications for quota allocations Chamois Bottles , vials , jars, etc.
and mport licenses an all quota allcations and Sole and harness leather Bottles and jars
import licenses granted , as well as decisions , poli Upper Leather Ampules and vials
cies , rulings , orders and actions issued or taken Patent Leather Demijohns
under this Act shall be given wide publicity . The Other unmanufactured leather Optical glass and lenses
rules and regulations shall be published at least Leather , manufacturers Clay, Clay Products and other manufacture's
ten days before their respective dates of effectivity, Belting Chalk , crude
giving all interested parties the opportunity within Belting leather China clay, kaolin
that time to present their views for consideration . Artificial leather
Fire clay
Sec . 15. The President may summarily bar firms Fuller's earth
or individuals from filing applications for import and Other inedible animal products
Glues Graphite or plumbago
or from doing business in the Philippines for any Animal wax Pumice
of the following act :
( 1 ) Any material misrepresentation in any doc Grains and preparations Silica
Poultry feeds Manufactures
ument required by this Act or any rules or regula Vegetables preparations and vegetables
tions issued in pursuance thereto : Asbestos Packing
Yeast Shingles and roofing
( 2 ) Any violation of the provisions of this Act
or any rules or regulations issued thereunder ; and Rubber and manufactures Textiles
( 3 ) The payment to any public officil , directly or Belts Other asbestos
indirectly, of any fee, premium or compensation Beltings Clay . Clay Products , etc.
other than those allowed by laws or regulations, in Cement ( rubber ) Manufactures
connection with the issuance or granting of quota Heels Bricks , fire
allocations or licenses . Hose Emery cloth and Emery Paper
Sec . 16. There shall be collected on all import Packing and gaskets Emery sand and powder
licenses granted a license fee of two per cent of the Sheets , crude Emery or corundum wheels
face value of the license , which may be used to Sheets , manufactured Grind stones
defray the expenses of licensing . Any unexpended Sheeting and coling Hones and Whetstones
balance thereof shall accrue to the general funds, Sole . inner Sewer pipe and conduits
Sec. 17 . All valid quotas and licer.ses regularly Soles, outer Metals and manufactures
approved by the previous Import Control Aaminis Rubber , friction tapes Iron and steel
tration, the Import Control Board and the Price Tires Semi-manufacture
Stabilization Corporation before the effectivity of Gums Pig ron
this Act shall be recognized and given full force Arabic Bar iron
and effect. Tragacanth Boiler plates
Sec , 18. The penalty or fine of not less than two Other gums Steel rods or bars
thousand pesos ( P2,000 ) nor more than twenty thoil Resins Sheets , plates and hoop iron
sand pesos ( P20,000 ) or imprisonment of not less Camphor Band Hoop Iron
than two years nor more than five years , or both Rosen , resins Corrugated rroiing
such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the Shellac Plain , galvanized
Court shall be imposed upon persons who may be Other resins and balms Tin plates , terneplates and Jaggerstin
found guilty of the following acts : Turpentine Other galvanized Scrap , tin plates
(1) Any material misrepresentation in any dor Linseed oil Steel Mill Products
ument required by this Act or the rules and regul Seeds and nursery stock Structural Iron ard Steel
ations issued thereunder ; Anfles and chan els
Seedlings, bulbs and plants
( 2 ) Any violation of any provisions of this Act Onion seeds Beams
or of the rules and regulations issued in pursuance Other veg . seeds Railroad track materials
thereto by officers or employers having to do with All other seeds Pre - fabricated
the enforcement of the same: Miscellaneous vegetable products Structural
( 3 ) The receiving or accepting , by any public Fodder and feeds Casting and gorgongs
official or employee directly or indirectly of fees Forage crop Other structural
premiums or compensatione of any kind other than Fodder Wire and Manufacture
those allowed by law or by the rules and regulations Other forage crop Barb wire 2
for the performance of any art or service connected Animal feeds Cables and wires ropes
with the issuance of import Jicense or quota alloca Hops
Gauze
tion : Textiles and manufactures Netting , fencing and fence gates
( 4) Any violation of any provision of this Act or Unmanufactured Raw Cotton Round wire
of the rules and regulations, issued thereunder : Pro Semi-manufactures Waste Cottons Bright nail wire
vided . That in the case of aliens, the penalty to be Yarns Unmercerized
imposed shall consist of the payment of the fine Roofing nails
Mercerized Twines Horseshce nails
hereinabove provided for and that of immediate de Manufactures
portation without any further proceedings on the Except finishing nails
Cloth threads, Sewing and crochet Spikes
part of any Deportation Board : Unbleached Bleachieci Tacks , stapples, etc
Provided , further, That if the violation is com
mitted by the manager, representative director. For embroidery Other Nut, bolts, washers and rivets
Fabrics Remnants Advance Manufactures
agent or employee of any natural or juridical per Miscellaneous Cotton Manufactures Buckets
son in the interest of the latter , such violation shall Beltings Chains
render the employer arienable to the penalty cor Filter Cloth Horse shoes
responding to the offenrie , without prejudice to the Ribbon , Ink Needles
imposition of the corresponding penalty, either per Shoe Tops, Rubberized Fabrics Iron and Steel
sonal or pecuniary or both , upon the manager, re Flax or linens Advance Manufactures
presentative, director, agent or employce commii Jute and other fibers Tools
ting the violation ; Auger , drills , braces, gimlets and reamers
Bags
Provided, furthermore, That in the case of the Axes , adz and hatches
violation being committed by or in the interest of Burlaps on Baggins File and rasps
Cordage
a foreign juridical person duly licensed to engage Oakum Gauges , squares and levelers
in business in the Philippines, the immediate re Threads and Twines
Hammers 7
vocation of such license to engage in business sha ! ) Hoes . rakes and snovels
Others
form part of the penalty to be imposed : Wool and wool manufactures
Planes and chisels
!
Provided , also, that if the act committed by a Pliers
public officer or employee is penalized by any other Semi-manufactures Saws
Manufactures
law, the penalties prescribed in the law punishing Woven Fabrics
Vices
the offense shall be imposed in addition to those Wrench
prescribed herein and that of perpetual absolute Waste Wool Mechanics tools not else specified
disqualification ; Hair and manufactures All other tools
And provided , finally , That articles , goods or com Bristles Tucubators and brooders - not electric
modities imported in violation of this " Act shall be Rayon or Other Synthetic Textiles Heating and cooking equipment 4
subject to forfeiture in accordance with the proce Cloth Remnants Welding equipment ( oxy - acetylene )
dure established in the Revised Administrative Code , Manufactures of Woven Fabric's Butts and hinges
the proceedings to terminate within thirty ( 30 ) days Other manufactures Locks
after the importation , and under no circumstances Threads Pines and fittings
or conditions may such goods be released to the Yarns Cast Iron ( soil )
importer without the previous approval of the Pres Cork and manufactures Steel , Black 11
ident . Stoppers Steel, galvanized
Sec . 19. Any sections and provisions of this Act Board or in Sheets Screws
that may be declared unconstitutional by a com Paper and manufactures Tackles, pulleys
petent court shall not affect the remaining provisions Unprinted Cigarette paper Machinery except agricultural and electrical
hereof. Paper for adding machine and cash register Printing and book bindirg machinery
Sec . 20. Republic Act Numbered Four hundred Printing Paper
and twenty -six and Executve Orders Numbered Book binding machine
For books Printing , machine and parts
Three hundred and eighty-four and Three hundred For Newspapers
and eighty - eight , series of 1950 and 1951 , respect Roofing felt and sheating Typesetting machines
Typesettirg machine parts
ively , as well as any other law or order contrary Pas e boaru and cardboard Power Generating machinery
to the provisions of this Act, are hereby repealea . Wallboard Boilers and parts
Sec . 21 . This Act shall take effect on July 1 .
1951 and continue in effect until June 30 , 1953 unless Non-metalic minerals Motor parts except electric
Natural gas Stationery and marine engines
6ooner or amended by Congress . Coal and related fuel Stationery and marine engines, parts
Approved , June 15 , 1951 . Coal All other engine and parts
APPENDIX " A " Coke Construction and Conveying machinery
Completely Decontrolled Items Petroleum products Concrete mixers and parts
Rice Bunker fuel oil Hoisting machine
Flour Diesel oil Road making machinery
Tinned Fish Kerosene Road making machinery parts
Sardines Coal tar All other machinery
Flotation
Air compressors
Squid oils Coffee and corn mills
Mackerel Petroleum asphalt Fiber striping machine, parts
Herring Unmanuafctured Logging equipment
Salmon Gasoline and other motor spirits Meta ! grinders
Tinned Milk Naphthas -all lighter products of distrilation Metal working machinery and parts
Tinned Beef Lubricating oils Mining machinery and parts
Corned eef
Creosote or dead oil 011 extracting machine and parts
Corned Meat Spread Grease Pumps and pumping machinery and parts
Frozen Beef Other manufactures of asphalt Refrigerating machinery and parts
College Textbooks Petroleum jelly ( Vaseline ) Saw mill machinery and parts
Used clothing Residium and all other petroleum proclucts from Sewing machines
Paper and other materials for books Sewing machine parts
All items decontrolled or ordered imported without which light bodies have been distilled
Saw mill and parts
limitation as to volume and value by Executive Wax , mineral and paraffin
Woodworking machinery and parts
Orders promulgated before the effectivity of this Gypsum products
All other machinery, machine and parts except
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 111

lawn mowers, ice cream freezers , and laundry Dyeing materials Surveying and engineering instruments
machines . Cutch Other scientific and laboratory instruments
Other dyeing materials Fine tools
Agricultural Machinery and Implements Films
Irrigation and other punips Fertilizers and Fertilizing Materials
Plows, cultivators, harrows and parts Animal and Vegetable Fertilizers Unexposed
Reapers and mowers Nitrate of potash Sensitized paper , including photographic and
Rice Hullers and Cleaners Phosphate of ammonia photostatic paper materials for map and plan
Rice Hullers and Cleaners parts Sulphate of potash printing only
Rice Threshers Superphosphate
Mixed fertilizers Fish hooks
Rice threshers parts Fish rods and tackles
All other agricultural machinery , implements and Other chemical fertilizers
Explosives Time clocks
parts Parts of clocks and watches
Non - ferrous metals, except precious Blasting caps
Aliminum and manufactures of Cartridge Brushes
foil Dynamite Paint
Fuses
Sheets , corrugated Blacking and leather dressing
Gunpowder Celluloid and manufactures
Sheets, plain
Antimony Paints , Pigments and Vegetables Sheets and strips
Brass and bronze Lead , red Cellophane and manufactures
Bars and rods Lead , White Sheets and strips
Lock , hinges and bolts Lithrage
Machinery and parts Lithophane Ink, and ink Powder
Tacks , screws, nuts, bolts, washers and rivets Other, Iron oxides and other mineral earth Printers Ink
Other builders' hardware pigments Muscilage and paste
Pipes and fittings Ultramarine Blue Plastic materials other than Pyroxyline products
Sheets Varnish Beltings
Wire Zinc oxide
Copper and manufactures Linseed oil Sheets and sheeting
Bars , ingots, slabs and pigs Soling and heelings
Tacks, screws, nuts, bolts, washers and rivers Turpentine Athletic goods not produced locally including
Miscellaneous
Pipes and fittings Drawing instruments .22 callber target firearms and ammunition .
Sheets ( Montz metal ) Jute and Hessian Bags .
Miscroscopes
Wire , ( bar )
Wire , insulated
Lead
Pigs , bars and sheets
Bottle caps
Solder and babbit metal
Type and type metal
Mercury ( quicksilver )
Nickel
Tin
CEPOC
Ingots
Tinfoil
Zinc
Pigs , harz and sheets
Dusts
Miscellaneous metal manufactures
ROMBLON
Bottle , caps, inplante
Cans , empty tinplate
Cylinders, empty
Drums, empty
Ferro , alloys MARBLE
00

Ferrochrome
Ferrosilicon
Electrical Machinery and Appliances
Armatures and commutators
Batteries, dry cell
TILES and SLABS
Batteries , storage or wet
Condensing units
Dynamos , generators and turbines
Electrical tools
Incubator and brocders
Magnets
Motor parts
Motor and pumps
Transformers
Welding equipment
Vehicles and parts
Trucks
Automobiles valued not more than P3,800
Parts and accessories
Cars , railway and trams and parts
Locomotives
Locomotive parts
APO
Tractors, wheel type
Tractors, crawler type
Tractor , parts
Parts of equipment and repairs for vessels
Wagons , trailers and carts
CEMENT
Wheelbarrows, pushcarts and hand trucks
Axles, wheels and springs for carts
All other vehicles and parts
Chemicals, Drugs, Dyes, Medicines and Medi vel
Equipment and Supplies
Acids
3 cetic
Boric
Carboric
Murriatic (Hydroclorici
Nitri
Oxalic
Sulphurir
Tartaric
All other acids
Other chemicals
Anti -biotics , household remedies, proprietary
medicines , etc.
Alum ( sudium aluminum , sulphate )
Ammonia , anhydrcs
Ammonia , agua
Ammonia , carbonate and bicarbonate
Baking powder
Calcium carbide
Cementing preparation
Cream of tartar
other than
Cyanide ( potassium and sodium )
Dextrin
rubber
MALANGAS
Disinfectant deodorants
Flavoring extracts ( ajinomoto,
Formaldehyde or formalin
Glycerine
Insecticides
vetsen etc. )
COAL
Iodoform
Lime chloride (bleaching powder )
Magnesium sulphate (Epson salt )
Metal polishes
Oxygen gas
Potash , caustic
Potash , chlorate and perchlorate
Potassium bromide
Saccharine N
E

Silver nitrate
Sodium bicarbonate TL ANO
Sodium carbonate
Sodium silicate
POR
Sodium sulphate ( Gloubers salt ) PORTLAND
All other chemicals
Dental equipments, dental products and dental gold
Chemicals, Drugs, etc.
Medicinal and pharmaceutical
Dyes
Indigo
preparations
APO
CEMEN
T

CA,P.C.
CEBU PORTLAND CEMENT CO .
Aneline
Other dyes

112
EXPORT CONTROL
( Republic Act No. 613 )
AN ACT TO REGULATE , CONTROL , AND /OR PRO
HIBIT CERTAIN EXPORTS FROM THE PHIL
IPPINES, TO AUTHORIZE THE PRESIDENT
OF THE PHILIPPINES TO ISSUE RULES AND
REGULATIONS TO CARRY INTO EFFECT
THE PROVISIONS OF THIS ACT, TO PROVIDE
PENALTIES FOR THE VIOLATION THEREOF
AND OF THE REGULATIONS ISSUED THERE
UNDER , AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES .
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre
sentatives of the Philippines in Congress as
sembled :
Section 1 . In order to promote economic re
habilitation and development and to safeguard na
tional ser urity , it shall be unlawful for any per
son , association or corporation to export or re
export to any point outside the Philippines
chineries and their spare parts , scrap metals , med
icines, foodstuffs , abaca seedlings . gasoline , oil ,
lubricants and military equipment or supplies suit
able for military use without a permit from the
President which may be issued in accordance with
the provisions of the next succeeding section .
Sec . 2. All applications for permit to export or
re - export any of the articles mentioned in section
one of this Act shall be filed before a committee
to be composed of the Secretary of Agriculture
and Natural Resources as chairman , the Secretary
of National Defense , and the Administrator of
Economic Coordination as members , such appli
cations to be numbered in chronological order. If
after due consideration the said Committee should
unanimously find that the articles for which a security ; and
permit is applied for may be exported or re - ex
ported without prejudice to the national security
: or to the government's program of agricultural
and industrial development, then it shall recom
mend to the President that a permit
for the exportation or re - exportation of such arti
cle or articles . Before the permit is issued and
signed by the President, the favorable recommen
dation of the Committee shall be published at the
expense of the applicant once a week for two
consecutive weeks in any newspaper or newspapers
of general circulation in the Philippines . in which
publicity shall be given the name of the applicant .
the file number of his application , the description ,
quantity and value of the articles sought to be
exported or re -exported , and the names
consignees and the country or countries to which
the articles are sought to be exported or re - exported .
If within two weeks after the last publication no
objection is received by the Committee to the is
suance of the permit applied for, then the Princ
Ident shall withm ten days issue and sign the per
mit . If within the said period of two weeks, an
objection to the issuance of the permit is filed
with the Committee, then it shall set the inat
ter for hearing within five days after notice to
the applicant and to the objector, and within
ten days after receipt of the findings and rec
ommendations of the Committee, the President
shall issue the corresponding pernut or reject tho
Application comformably with such findings and
recommendations .
Sec . 3. The President is hereby authorized to
control, curtail, regulate and / or prohibit the ex
portation or re - exportation of such materials ,
goods and things referred to in the preceding sec
tion and issue rules and regulations as may be
necessary to carry out the provisions of this
Act.
Sec . 4. In case of violation of this Act or the
regulations promulgated thereunder , such viola
tor or violators shall , upon conviction , be pun
ished by a fine of not less than five thousand
pesos nor more than ten thousand pesos or by im
prisonment of not less than two years nor pore
than five years , or both in the discretion of the
court : Provided , That if the violation is com
mitted by the manager, representative , director ,
cal
agent, or emplo ye of any natur al or juridi per
son in the interest of the latter the same shall
render the said natural or Juridi cal n
perso amen
able to the penalties corresponding to
the pär
ticular offense : Provided further . That in case
of any violation committed in the interest of a
foreign corporation legally doing business in the
Philippines by its agent, inanagers, representative
or director, such violation shall , in addition
penalties mentioned above , served as
the
ground for the immediate revocation of its license
to do business : And provided , finally. That the
materials intended for export in violation of this
Act and the rules and regulations thereunder shall
be confiscated by and forfeited to the Govern
ment.
Sec . 5. The authority granted in this Act
shall terminate at the end of the next regular
session of Congress unless sooner terminated by
concurrent resolution of said Congress , except that
as to offenses committed , or rights or liabilities
incurred prior to such repeal , the provisions or
this Act and of the rules and regulations issued
thereunder shall be treated as remaining in effect
ng any suit , action ,
for the purpose of sustaini
or prosecution with respect to such right , liabil
ities or offense .
Sec . 6. A ! I existing rules and regulations reg
ulating exports with the exception of those pro
mulgated by the Central Bank shall hereafter be
readjusted , revised and integrated to conform with
the provisions of this Act .
Sec . 7. This Act shall take effect upon its ap
proval .
Approved . May il , 1951 .
SUGAR INSTITUTE
( Republic Act No. 632 )
AN CREATING THE
ACT PHILIPPINE SUGAR
INSTITUTE ," PRESCRIBING ITS POWERS,
FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES , AND PROVIDING
FOR THE RAISING OF THE NECESSARY
FUNDS FOR ITS OPERATION .
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre
sentatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled .
Chapter 1. Establishment and Objectives.
1. Name , Duration and Domicile .-A
Section
semi- public corporation is hereby created which
shall be known as the " PHILIPPINE SUGAR
STITUTE ," hereinafter called the " PHILSUGIN ,"
which shall be organized within sixty ( 60 ) days
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
after the approval of this Act . It shall exist for a
terms of fifty ( 50 ) years from the date of the
approval of this Act and shall have its main
office in the City of Manila , and such branches
and agencies within or outside the Philippines, as
nay be necessary for the proper conduct of
business . This Corporation shall be under the
supervision of the Administrator of Economic Co
ordination .
Sec . 2. Purposes and Objectives . - The PHILSUG
IN shall have the following purposes and objectives :
( a ) To conduct research work for the sugar
phases, either agricultural
ir dustry in all its
industrial, for the purpose of introducur
the sugar industry such practices or processes that
will reduce the cost of production , increase and
improve the industrialization of the by - products
o sugar cane , and achieve greater efficiency in
1lie industry ;
ma
( b ) To improve existing methods of raising
sugar cane and of sugar manufacturing:
( c ) To insure a permanent, sufficient and ba
lanced production of sugar and its by - products
for local consumption and exportation ;
( d ) To establish and maintain such balanced
relation between production and consumption of
sugar and its by - products, and such marketing
conditions therefor, as will insure stabilized prices
at a level sufficient to cover the cost of production
pius a reasonable proiit ;
( e ) To promote the effective merchandising of
sugar and its by -products in the domestic and
foreign markets so that those engaged in the sugar
industry will be placed on a basis of economic
( f ) To Improve the living and economic con
ditions of laborers engaged in the sugar industry
hy the gradual and effective correction of the in
equalities existing in the industry .
be issued
Chapter II . Powers
Sec . 3 Specific and General Powers.-For carry
ing out the purposes mentioned in the preceding
section, the PHILSUGIN shall have the following
powers ;
( a ) To establish , keep , maintain and operate ,
oi help establish , keep . maintain , and operate one
central experiment station and such number of
regional experinient stations in any part of the
of the
Philippines as may be necessary to undertake ex
tensive rescarch in sugar cane culture and manu
facture, including studies as to the feasibility of
merchandising sugar cane farms, the control and
erudication of pests, the selection and propagation
of high - yielding varieties of sugar cane suited to
Philippine climatic conditions , and such other per .
tinent studies as will be useful in adjusting the
sugar industry to a position independent of exist
ins preference in the American market;
(b ) purchase such machinery , materials ,
To
equipment and supplies as mav oe necessary to
prosecute successfully such researchers and experi
miental work ;
( c ) To explore and expand the domestic and
foreign markets for sugar and its by -products to
assure mutual benefits to consumers and producers ,
and to promote and maintain a sufficient generai
production of sugar and its by-products by an ef
ficient coordination of the component elements of
thir sugar industry of the country ;
( d ) To buy, sell , assign , own , operate, rent or
lease , subject to existing laws , machineries, equip
mnent, materials . merchant vessels , rail, railroad
lines , and any other means of transportation ,
warehouses , buildings, and any other equipment
material for the production , manufacture
and
handling , transportation and warehousing of sugar
and its by - products :
( e ) To grant Joans, on reasonable terms, to
Panters when it deems such loans advisable :
( f ) To enter, make and execute contracts ! and said personnel shall be determined by the
any kind as may be necessary or incidental to the
attainment of its purposes with any person , firm .
or public or private corporation , with the Govera
ment of the Philippines or of the United States,
of any state , in general, to do everything directly
or indirectly necessary or incidental to, or in
furtherance of, the purposes o ? the corporation :
( g ) To do all such other things , triinsacs all
such business and perform such functions directly
02 indirectly necessary , incidental or conductive to
the attainment of the purposes of the corpora
tion ; and
( h ) Generally, to exercise all the powers of a
corporation under the Corporation Law insofar a:3
they are not inconsistent with the provisions of
this Act .
Chapter II . Governing Body
Sec . 4. Composition and Appointment.-- All corp
orate powers of the PHILSUGIN shall be vested in ,
and exercised by , a board of directors consisting
of five ( 5 ) members to be appointed by the Pres
ident of the Philippines with the consent of the
Commission on Appointments : Provided , however,
That three of the members of the said
shall be appointed upon the recommendation of
the National Federation of Sugar Cane Planters
and tw upon the recommendation of the Phil .
ir pine Sugar Association . The Chairman of the
Poard shall be elected by the members from
among then selves .
Sec . 5. Tenure and Compensation . - The members
of the Board shall serve as designated by the
President of the Philippines in their respectiva
appointments for terms of one , two, and three
years , respectively, from the date they qualify and
Cesume Office , but their successors shall
pointed for a term of three years , except that any
person chosen to fill а vacany shall serve only
for the unexpired term of the member whom he
Succeeds . For actual attendanc . at meetings, each
director shall receive a per diem of twenty - pesos .
Sec Powers and duties of the Board of
6.
Directors . - The Board of Directors shall have the
following powers and duties :
( a ) To prescribe amend , modify , or repeal by
laws , rules and regulations, not inconsistent with
the provisions of this Act , governing the manne :
in which the general business of the corporation
may be exercised , subject to the approval of the
Administrator of Economic Cocrdination ;
IN ( b ) To appoint and fix the compensation of
the General Manager, subject to the approval of
the President of the Philippines, and to appoint
1951 - 1952
rud fix the compensation of the other officers
of the corporation , with the approval of the AJ
ministrator of Economic Coordination . The Board
by a majority vote of all the members, may , for
Just cause , and , with the approval of the Pres:dens
of the Philippines, suspend or remove the General
its
Manager ;
( c ) To approve the annual and / or such sun
plemental budgets of the corporation which may
be submitted to it by the General Manager froni
time to time ; and
( d ) To perform such other duties as may be
or assigned to it by the President of the Philippines
or by the Administrator of Economic Coordination .
into
Sec . 7. Suspension and Removal of Directors.
Any member of the Board of Directors may , for
cause , be suspended or removed by the President
of the Philippines solely or upon the recommenda
tion of the Administrator of Economic Coordination
Sec . 8. Pronibition for Board Members.-- No chair
man or member of the Board of Directors ot a
corporation shall at the same time serve in the
corporation in any capacity whatsoever other than
as chairman or member thereof, unless otherwise
authorized by the President.
Ohapter IV . Management
Sec . 9. Managing Head.-- The managemert of
the Corporation shall be vested in the General
Manager .
Sec . 10. Powers and Duties of the General
Manager - The General Manager shall have the
following powers and duties ;
( a ) To direct and manage the affairs and bi: si
ness of the corporation , on behalf of the Boa : d
of Directors , and subject to its control and super
vision ;
(b) To sit in all meetings of the Board of
Directors, and participate in its deliberations , but
without the right to vote ;
( c ) To submit within sixty ( 60 ) days after the
close of each fiscal year an annual report , through
the Board of Directors , to the Administrator of
Economic Coordination ;
( d ) To appoint and fix the number and salaries,
with the approval of the Board of Directors , of
such subordinate personnel as may be necessary
for the proper discharge of the duties and func
tions of the corporation , and , with the approval
of the Board , to remove , suspend, or otherwise
discipline for just cause, any subordinate employee
of (the corporation ; and
e ) To perform such other duties as may
be
assigned to him by the Board of Directors from
time to time,
Chapter V. Appointments and Promotions
Civil Service Law Application
Sec . 11. Basis.-- In the Appointment and promo
tion of officers and employees, merit and efficiency
shall serve as basis, and no political test or qua
lification shall be prescribed and considered for
appointments or promotions. Any person
such
appointed by the Board or by the General Manager,
in violation of this prohibition , shall be removed
from office by the Administrator of Economic Co
ordination ,
Sec . 12. Application of Civil Service Law and
Regulations . All officers and employees of the
corporation shall be subject to the Civil Service
Law , rules and regulations, except those whose
positions may , upon recommendation of the Board
of Directors , be declared by the President of the
Philippines as policy -determining , primarily CON
fidential or technical in nature .
Chapter VI . Audit
Sec . 13. Personnel.-- The Auditor General shall
appoint a representative who shall be the Auditor
of the corporation , and the necessary personnel to
assist said representative in the performance of
his duties . The number and salaries of the Auditor
Auditor General , with the Advice of the Board of
Directors . In case of disagreement, the matter
should be submitted to the President of the Phil
ippines whose decision shall be final . Said salaries
and all other expenses of maintaing the Auditor's
office shall be paid by the corporation ,
Sec. 14. Report . - The financial transactions of
the PHILSUGIN shall be audited in accordance
with Law , administrative regulations , and the
principles and procedures applicable to commercial
corporate transactions. A report of audit for each
fiscal year by the Auditor, through the Auditor
General, to the Board of Directors of the corpora
tion , and copies thereof shall be furnished the
President of the Philippines , the Administrator of
Economic Coordination and the Presiding Officer
of the two Houses of Congress . The report shall
set forth the scope of the audit and shall include
a statement of assets and liabilities, capital and
surplus or deficit ; a statement of surplus or de
ficit analysis ; a statement of income and expenses;
a statement of sources and application of funds;
may be
and such and information
comment as
Board! necessary , together with such recommendations
with respect thereto as may be advisable includ
Ing a report of any impairment of capital noted
in the audit . The report shall also show specific
ally any program , expenditure, or other financial
transaction or undertaking observed in the course
of audit which , in the opinion of the Auditor, has
been carried on or made without authority of law .
Chapter VII . Capitalization and special
fund of the corporation
Sec . 15. Capitalization .-To raise the necessary
be ap funds to carry out provisions of this Act and the
purposes of the corporation , there shall be levied
on the annual sugar production a tax of Ten
Centavos ( P0.10 ) per picul of sugar to be collected
for a period of five ( 5 ) years beginning the crop
year 1951-1952 , The amount shall be borne by
the sugar cane planters and the sugar centrals in
the proportion of their corresponding milling share,
and said levy shall constitute a lien on their
sugar quedans and / or warehouse receipts .
Sec . 16. Special Funds . - The proceeds of the
foregoing levy shall be set aside to constitute å
special fund to be known as the “ Sugar Research
and Stabilization Fund," which shall be available
l e
exclusively for the use of the corporation . Al th
income and receipts derived from the special fur.d
herein created shall accrue to , and form part of,
the said fund to be available solely for the use of
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 113
the corporation . Sec . 2. The purpose of the Philippine Tourist in order to secure additional funds for its activi
Chapter VIII. Liquidation Bureau shall be to encourage, develop, and pro ties , and such contributions shall be deducted by
Sec . 17. Liquidation .-When its terms or period mcte tourist travel to aria within the Philippines. the Bureau of Internal Revenue from the income
of existence has expired in accordance with the Sec . 3. In order to carry vut the purposes of tax returns of the contributors .
provisions of this Act, it shall , nevertheless, con this Act. the Philippine Tourist Bureau shall have Sec . 7. This Act shall take effect upon its ap
tinue as а body corporate for three years after authority :
the time of its dissolution for the purpose of pro proval .
a . To collect, publish and disseminate informa
secuting and defending suits by or against it and tion with respect to places of interest , routes, Approved , June 5, 1951
of enabling it gradually to settle and close its transportation facilities, accommodations and
affairs, to dispose of and convey its properties , other such matters for the purpose of encourag
but not for the purpose of continuing the business ing, promoting or developing travel to and with
for which it was established . In order to carry in the Philippines .
out its liquidation , upon the dissolution of the
corporation , a Board of Liquidators shall be ap
b . To prepare literature and graphic materials
designed to call the attention of the scenic beauties
CASSAVA FLOUR
pointed by the President to take charge of wind and tourist attractions of the Philippines, includ
lng up its corporate affairs and effecting its li ing its culture, history , arts, resources , industries,
commercial possibilities and progress
quidation , subject to the_supervision and control
ct the Administrator of Economic Coordination . BAL c . To publicize the Philippines and the Filipino AN ACT TO
( Republic Act No. 657 )
PROMOTE THE PRODUCTION OF
Sec . 18. Reversion to General Funds .-All funds
resulting from the dissolution and liquidation of lip Toru
people through the newspapers , magazines , radio

RqTerav Aged
and press wire service in order to arouse interest
CASSAVA FLOUR ,
PORTATION OF
TO
WHEAT
REGULATE THE IM
AND FOR OTHER
the corporation as herein provided shall revert t's
the General funds of the Government .
Chapter IX Miscellaneous Provisions,
t p
in, and attract tourists to the Philippines .
i er a
to HE bpub stne N baeadinsd apnubiell Acel
agencies and p
d . To cooperate with private tourist or travel
booking offices of transportation
PURPOSES .

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre

Sec . 19. Applicability of the Corpora Brht,ab the us lebaudAect o. 7l1dcon nigc ohitn
companies operating in the Philippines. sentatives of the Philippines in Congress As
sembled :
The provisions of the Corporation Las
esu so 0, ti & o
e . To perform such other functions and duties
r
ltewrpt wPel eaua'ctivi
not inconsistent with the provisione nessary to carry out the purposes of
be Section 1. It is hereby declared to be in the
shall be applicable to the corpe
n interest of the country's economy and the dev

itsh 8 dh io o eait ts tie buuanr

hereunder. retary of Commerce and Indus elopment of its agriculture and industry , to en
Sec . 20. Repeal or Modification orize create an Advisory Committee courage and promote the production , processing
entative from each of the
utive Orders, Administrative or
tions or parts thereof inconsist atad & e w4hi ehbn f tesd he to s is eaa
Of Jus ir and Finance , Civil Aero
and consumption of cassava flour as а measure
to conserve dollars , to prevent the scarcity of
provisions of this Act are
dified accordingly . ch ave fun
ion jovensato m trati
be
ad the Manila Railroad
simted by such depart
da presentative each from
wheat flour, and to regulate its importation , con
sistent with the commitments of the Republic of
Sec. 21. Constitutionallups the Philippines under the International Wheat
this Act shall be held uncos Philippines, hotel , Agreement.

an etrave
provisions shall not thereby s ang pr vate travel agen
Actuaba membebe appointed
Sec 22. Effectivity . — This Sec . 2. For the purpose of carrying out the
upon its approval. policy set forth in section one of this Act, the
Approved , June 6, 1951 . d l. the said Com
Coittee shall be held
of Commerce and
Price Stabilization Corporation is hereby author
ized and directed to prescribe as a condition for
ng recomenda the issuance of any license to import wheat flour
tourist travel from abroad that the importer shall buy cassava
TOURIST BUREAU Che members, flour in such proportions, not to exceed thirty
( 30 % ) per centum of waeat flour by wheat, as
may be prescribed by the Administrator of Eco
nomic Coordination , and shall sell Cassava flour

(Republic Act No. 624 )

AN ACT CREATING A PHILIPINE TOURIST BU
REAU AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THERE
to the p
980
and wheat flour in the same proportions.
Sec . 3. Any importer of wheat flour who re
fuses or purposely avoids or deliberately fails to
FOR. Bureau is a horiz with comply with the conditions provided in the pre
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre private publish such ceding section shall not be granted any license
sentatives of the Philippines in Congress to import wheat flour . The license to import
as as he may deeld advis ble the
wheat flour of ai'y importer found hy the Prive
sembled : purposes of this is also inthorized to
Section 1. A Philippine Tourist Bureau is here make charges for an nuelcations made available Stabilization Corporation to have sold wheat flour
without the corresponding proportion of Cassava
by created under the Department of Commerce to the public pursuant this Act and any pro flour shall be forth with cancelled and the said im
and Industry . The Bureau shall be headed by a ceeds from the sale of ymhlications produced shall
Director to be appointed by the President of the continue to be available printing and binding porter shall fo ra period of not more than five ( 5 )
Philippines with the consent of the Commission as aforesaid . years be disqualified to engage in the importation of
on Apointments , Until otherwise fixed by law , Sec . 6. There is hereby authorized to be ap wneat flour . An appeal may be made by the im
the salary of the Director shall be seven thousand propriated the sum of one hundred fiſty thousand porter to the Administrator of Economic Coordina
two hundred pesos per annum . The Director , with pesos out of any funds of the National Treasury tion whose decision shall be final .
the approval of the Secretary of Commerce and not otherwise appropriated to carry out the pro Sec . 4. This Act shall take effect upon its ap
Industry, shall appoint such officers and employes visions of this Act . The Philippine Tourist Bureau,
as may be necessary to carry out the provisions however, is hereby authorized to solicit and accept proval .
of this Act . contributions from private entities and individuals, Approved , June 16, 1951 .

A $ PRODUCING INDUSTRY

TOKYO BAY SHIMIZUC BAY

LUMBER FLITCHES LOGS

MISAMIS LUMBER CO . OZAMIS CITY, MINDANAO

CABLE ADDRESS:
KANELAUN, TOKYO
CONCESSION & MILLS:
MANILA LANAO, ZAMBOANGA
OZAMIS CITY OCCIDENTAL MISAMIS
114 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

II . 1951 - 1952 Yearbook Directory

Hon . Atilano Ꭱ. Cinco Arsenio Bonifacio and Jesus Cacho
CONGRESS OF THE PHILIPPINES
SENATE MANILA : Technical Adviser
Hon . Engracio F. Clemeña Narciso Pimentel
Legislative Bldg . , P. Burgos , Manila BOARD OF REVIEW FOR MOVING
( Vacant )
PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT President of the Senate - Eulogio Ro
driguez
Hon . Arturo M. Tolentino PICTURES
President Pro Tempore - Hon . Ma Hon . G. Fernando Viola Executive Building, Malacañan , Manila
nuel Briones
MARINDUQUE : Chairman-Marciano Roque
THE PRESIDENT OF THE
Majority Floor Leader-Hon . Camilo Hon . Pantio M. Manguera Members : Vidal A. Tan , Bie avenido
PHILIPPINES MASBATE : B. Eraña , Enriqueta Benavides, Socorro
Osias Hon . Emilio B. Espinosa
Iis Excellency Minority Floor Leader-Hon . Tomas А. Manuela Gay , Pedro G.
Soriano ,
ELPIDIO QUIRINO MINDORO OCCIDENTAL : Tan , Carmen E. Vasquez , Milagros A.
THE VICE PRESIDENT OF THE Cabili Hon . Jesus Abeleda
Senators :
German , Pilar Hidalgo Lim , Mij. Jose
PHILIPPINES MINDORO ORIENTAL : M. Crisol and Mrs. Trinidad ce Leon
Hon . Esteban R. Abada .
The Honorable Hon . Manuel C. Briones Hon . Raul T. Leuier o Roxas .
FERNANDO LOPEZ Hon . Tomas A. Cabili
MISAMIS OCCIDENTAL Secretary and Executive ( Ufficer
Hon Porfirio C Villarin Rosendo A. Aterrado
Hon . Pablo Angeles David MISAMIS ORIENTAL :
Fernando Lopez , Vice -President of Hon . Francisco Delgado BUDGET COMMISSION
Hon Emmanuel Pelaez y Neri Malacañan Annex 3
Hon . Carlos P. Garcia MOUNTAIN PROVINCE :
the Philippines and concurrently Sec Hon . Jose P. Laurel Chairman - Pio Joven 4-021-3-21-31
retary of Agriculture and Natural Hon Antonio A. Canao Members :
Hon . Jose C. Locsin Hon Ramon P. Mitra
Resources
Hon . Vicente Madrigal Manuel Agregado 2-635
Joaquin M. Elizalde , Secretary of Hon Gabriel Dunuan Jose Gil 4-024
Hon . Enrique B. Magalona NEGROS OCCIDENTAL :
Foreign Affairs Hon . Justiniano S. Montano Secretary
Aurelio Montinola , Secretary of Hon . Francisco Ferrer Eugenio Tadle 4-203
Hon . Camilo Osias Hon . Carlos Hilado
Finance BUREAU OF CIVIL SERVICE
Oscar Castelo, Secretary of Jus Hon . Quintin Paredes Hon Augurio M Abeto P Paredes Street, Sampaloc , Manila
Hon . Geronima T. Pecson NEGROS ORIENTAL : Commissioner
tice Hon . Cipriano Primicias
Pablo Lorenzo , Secretary of Public ( Vacant ) Jose Gil 0-024
Hon . Macario Peralta , Jr. Hon Enrique Medina Deputy Commisioner
Works and Communications Hon . Gil Puyat
Cecilio Putong , Secretary of Edu NUEVA ECIJA : Amado del Rosario 1-026
Hon . Eulogio Rodriguez , Sr , Hon Jose 0 Corpus
cation SOCIAL WELFARE
Jose Figueras , Secretary of Labor Hon . Lorenzo Sumulong Hon Jesus Ilagan ADMINISTRATION
Hon . Lorenzo M. Tañada NUEVA VIZCAYA :
Ramon Magsaysay , Secretary of Hon . Emiliano Tirona ( deceased ) Hon Leon Cabarroguis
Cor . Legarda & San Rafael Sts . ,
National Defense Manila
Juan Salcedo , Jr. , Secretary of Hon . Claro M. Recto PALAWAN :
Hon . Felisberto Verano
Social Commissioner
Hon Gaudencio E. Abordo Asuncion Perez
Health Hon . Jose C. Zulueta PAMPANGA
Cornelio Balniaceda , Secretary of PHILIPPINE CHARIT !
Secretary of the Senate Hon Diosdado Macapagal SWEEPSTAKES OFFICO
Commerce and Industry Hon . Artemio C. Macalino
Pablo Lorenzo , Acting Administra Toribio P. Perez 1893 Rizal Avenue . Mauila
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PANGASINAN : Board of Directors
tor of Economic Coordination Hon . Sulpicio R Soriano
Marciano Roque , Acting Executive Legislative Bldg . , P. Burgos, Manila Hon Amadeo J Perez Chairman - Marciano Roque
Tel . No. 3-32-01 Members :
Secretary Hon Jose L de Guzman
Pio Joven , Commissioner of the
Speaker Hon . Eugenio Perer
Bibiano Meer
Hon . Eugenio Perez Tranquilino Elicaño
Budget Hon Cipriano S. Allas Eustaquio Balagtas
THE COUNCIL OF STATE Speaker Pro Tempore QUEZON : Jose M Reyes
Fernando Lopez, Vice- President of H Domingo Veloso Hon Narciso H Umali
Majority Floor Leader PHILIPPINE INFORMATION
the Philippines and concurrently See Hon Gaudencio V. Vera COUNCIL
Hon . Raul T. Leuterio RIZAL : Former Philippine
retary of Agriculture and Natural War I amage
Minority Floor Leader Hon Eulogio Rodriguez , Jr.
Resources Hon . Jose B. Laurel , Commisison Compound
Jr. Hon Isaias Salonga
Eulogio Rodriguez , Prezident of the ROMBLON :
Arroceros, Manila
Representatives : Chairman --- Modesto Farolan
Senate Speaker of ABRA : Hon Florencio Moreno
Eugenio Perez , the Vice- Chairman - Vacant
Hon . Virgilio V. Valera SAMAR : Members :
House of Representatives AGUSAN : Hon Agripino P Escareal
Joaquin M. Elizalde , Secretary of Manuel J. Gonzalez
Hon . Marcos M. Calo Hon Tito V. Tizon Jlian Collas
Foreign Affairs ALBAY : HonGregorio R. Abogado
Aurelio Montinola , Secretary of Ralph Hawkins
Hon . Lorenzo P. Ziga SORSOGON : Member Ex . Officio Sec.
Finance Hon . Justino Nuyda Hon . Modesto G. Galias
Oscar Castelo , Secretary of Justice Antonio Arizabal
Hon . Pio Duran Hon Tomas Clemente
Pablo Lorenzo , Secretary of Pub OFFICE OF PUBLIC
lic Works and Communications and ANTIQUE : STITU : INFORMATION
Hon . Tobias Fornier Hon Ombra Amilbangsa Malacañan Annex 1
Acting Administrator of Economic
BATAAN : SURIGAO : ( See Office of the Press S : cretary
Coordination Hon . Medina Lacson -de Leon ( Vacant ) under the President's
Jose Figueras , Secretary of Labor BATANES : TARLAC :
Private Office )
Ramon Magsaysay , Secretary of Hon . Jorge A. Abad Hon Jose J Rov DZFM -THE PEOPLE'S STATION
National Defense BATANGAS : Hon Tnco Y Feliciano
4th Floor , City Hall , Manila
Juan Salcedu , Jr. , Secretary of Hon . Apolinario R. Apacible ZAMBALES :
General Manager
Hon . Numeriano U. Babao Hon Cesar Miraflor
Health Francisco Trinidad
Cornelio Balmaceda , Secretary of Hon . Jose B. Laurel , Jr. ZAMBOANGA : Program Director
Hon Roseller T Lim
Commerce and Industry BOHOL : Eduardo Avelino
Marciano Roque , Acting Executive Hon . Luis T. Clarin Secretary of the House of Repre
Production Manager
Hon . Simeon G. Toribio sentatives --Narciso Pimentel Gavino Tabuñar, Jr.
Secreta ry
Pio Joven , Commissioner of the Hon . Esteban Bernido JUDICIAL BRANCH Transmitter Technician - in - Charge
Budget BUKIDNON : SUPREME COURT OF THE
Jose Dy
Manuel C. Briones , President Pro Hon . Cesar M Fortich PHILIPPINES
Studio Technician -in - Charge -
Tempore of the Senate BULACAN : Cor. Taft Ave. & Padre Faura . Luis Quintos
Camilo Osias , Majority Floor Lead Hon . Florante C. Roque Manila -Tel 3-590 NATIONAL ECONOMIC COUNCIL
er of the Senate ( Vacant ) Chief Justice- Hon Ricardo Paras Room 501 . Finance Building, Manila
Domingo Veloso , Speaker Pro CAGAYAN : Ascociato luistices : Chairman -- Aurelio Montino, a
Tempore of the House of Represen Hon . Domingo S. Siazon Hon Felicisimo R Feria Members :
tatives Hon . Paulino A. Alonzo Hon Guillermo Pablo Placido L. Mapa . Jose Figueras
Sergio Osmeña CAMARINES NORTE : Hon Cesar Pongnan Cornelio Balmaceda, Salvador Ara
Jose Yulo Hon Esmeraldo Eco Hon Sabino Padilla neta . Miguel Cuaderno , Sr. , Pahlo
Ramon Avanceña CAMARINES SUR : Hon Pedro Tuason Lorenzo , Vicente Carmona ( deceased i ,
Ramon J. Fernandez Hon . Emilio M. Tible Hon Marcelino R Montemayor Amado N. Bautista , Gil J. Fuyat, Jose
Emilio Aguinaldo Hon . Edmundo B. Cea Hon Alex Reyes Cojuanco , Felipe Buencamino , Jr. and
THE NATIONAL SECURITY CAPIZ : Hon . Fernando Jugo Conrado Benitez .
Hon . Ramon A. Arnaldo
COUNCIL
Hon . Cornelio T. Villareal
Hon . Felix Bautista Angelo Executive Secretary
Elpidio Quirino , President of the Hon Alejo Labrador Amando M. Dalisay 3-666 3-85-10
Hon . Godofredo P. Ramos Clerk of Court - Jose S. de la Cruz Technical Staff :
Philippineso CATANDUANES : Technical Adviser-Manuel L. Roxas
Fernand Lopez , Vice - President of Han Severiano de Leon
COURT OF APPEALS
the Philippines and concurrently Sec Dept. of Justice Bldg .-- Aduana St Technical Assistant
retary of Agriculture and Natural Re CAVITE : Walled City , Manila Cornelio V. Crucillo 3-5.33
Hon . Manuel S. Rojas Presiding Justice - Hon . Pompeyo Diaz Technical Assistant
sources
Eulogio Rodriguez , President of the CFBU : Carmen G. Ledesma
Hon . Ramon M. Durano Associate Justice :
Mario P. Marcos 3-615
Senate Hon . Leandro A. Tojong Hon . Roberto Concepcion Assistant Economist
Eugenio Perez , Speaker of the
Hon . Primitivo N. Sato
Hon . Jose B Reyes
L
House of Representatives Hon . Filomeno C. Kintanar Hon . Pastor M Endencia Economic Research Coordinator
Joaquin M. Elizalde , Secretary of Hon Alfonso Felix Juan O. Sumagut
Hon . Miguel Cuenco Hon . Jose Gutierrez David Assistant
Foreign Affairs Hon . Manuel A. Zosa Cenon R. Florcruz 3-654
Aurelio Montinola , Secretary of Fi Hon Mariano de la Rosa
Hon . Nicolas G. Escario Hon . Jose Ma Paredes
nance PHILIPPINE COUNCIL
Oscar Castelo , Secretary of Justice COTABATO : Hon . Arsenio P Dizon FOR UNITED STATES AID
Hon Blah T. Sinsuat
Pablo Lorenzo , Secretary of Public Hon . Sotero Rodas Room , 501 , Finance Building
DAVAO : Hon . Dionisio de Leon
Works and Communication Hon . Ismael L. Veloso Manila
Cecilio Putong , Secretary of Edu Hon . Buenaventura Ocampo Chairman - Jose Yulo
ILOCOS NORTE :
cation Hon . Felipe Natividad Members :
Jose Figueras , Secretary of Labor Hon . Antonio V. Raquiza Hon . Felix Martinez
Ramon Magsaysay, Secretary of Hon . Ferdinand E. Marcos Pio Pedrosa , Salvador Araneta , Pin
Hon . Emilio Peña Joven . Melecio Arranz , Emiliano
LAGUNA : Clerk of Court- Romeo Mercado
National
Juan
Defense
Salcedo , Jr. , Secretary of ILOCOS SUR : Tria Tirona , Eulogio Rodriguez Sr. ,
Hon . Floro Crisologo EXECUTIVE BRANCH Raul T Leuterio , Cipriano S. Allas .
Health Hon . Ricardo R. Gacula OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT Arturo M Tolentino . Miguel Cua
Balmaceda , Secretary of
Cornelio EXECUTIVE OFFICE : derno Sr. Vicente Carmona , Pla
ILOILO :
Commerce and Industry ( Vacant) Executive Bldg . Malacañan cido L Mana , Filemon Rodriguez
Pablo Lorenzo , Acting Administra Acting Executive Secretary- and Bienvenido M Gonzales ,
tor of Economic Coordination Hon . Pascual P. Espinosa
Hon . Patricio V. Confesor Marciano Roque Executive Secretary
Marciano Roque , Acting Executive Hon . Ricardo Yap Ladrido Assistant Executive Secretary Amando M Dalisay 3-666-3-85-10
Secretary Hon . Jose M Aldeguer Jose P. de Leon Programming and Requisitions
Felisberto M. Verano , Chairman , Assistant Executive Secretary
Committee on the Army, Navy , and ISABELA : Agricultural Development Branch :
Hon . Samuel F. Reyes Lucas V. Madamba Director
Military Pensions of the Senate . BUREAU OF PRINTING Cornelio V. Crucillo 3-593
Cornelio T. Villareal , Chairman , Na Hon . Manuel A. Concordia
Defense Committee of Hon . Estanislao Fernandez Boston Street , Port Area , Manila Industrial Development Branch
tional the
LANAO : Director - Pablo Lucas 3-161-3-20-66 Acting Director
House ioof Representa tives Assistant Director- Cenon R. Florcruz. 3-651
Eulog Rodriguez , Sr. , Senate Pres Hon . Mohamad - Ali Dimaporo
Manuel Camus 3-162-3-20-67 Finance and Budget Branch :
LA UNION :
ident Hon . Miguel G. Rillaroza , Jr. GAMES AND AMUSEMENTS BOARD Acting Director-
Arturo M. Tolentino , Member of the ( Bureau of Animal Industry Mario P Marcos 3-653
Hon . Manuel T. Cases
House of Representatives LEYTE :
compound , Pandacan ) TO . 3-36-51 Education , Health and Social Wel
Maar General Calixto Dugue , Chief Chairman- Valeriano Fugoso fare Branch :
Hon . Mateo Canonoy
of Staff , A.F.P Hon . Domingo Veloso ( In Charge of Supervising Boxing Acting Director
General Guillermo B. Francisco , and Wrestling ) Carmen G. Ledesma
Acting Chairman , Philippine Veterans Hon , Francisco M. Pajao
Hon . Daniel Z. Romualdez Members : Requisition and General Service
Board
 1

1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 115

Branch : Gedeon G Quijano TAGAYTAY CITY : Mr. Leon T. Garcia , Vice Consul In
Director - Cirilo Honorio MISAMIS ORIENTAL : City Mayor — Charge
CIVIL SERVICE BOARD Provincial Governor Miguel F. Taña ( Actg . ) INDONESIA
OF APPEALS Paciencio G. Ysalina ZAMBOANGA CITY : Djakarta
Executive Building, Malacañan MOUNTAIN PROVINCE : City Mayor --- Embassy of the Philippines.
Manila Provincial Governor Manuel D Jaldon Djalan Diponegro No. 7 , Djakarta
Chairman-Oscar Castelo Jose P. Mencio OFFICE OF THE VICE -PRESIDENT Hon . Proceso E. Sebastian , Ambas
Members : NEGROS OCCIDENTAL : Executive Building , Malacanan sador Extraordinary and Plenipo
Teodoro Evangelista Rafael Lacson Secretary to the Vice-President--Do tentiary designate
Pio Joven Lt , Governor mitilo G. Abordo -—— 4-244 3-21-31 ( L - 200 ) Hon . Jose F. Imperial, Minister ,
Secretary NEGROS ORIENTAL : Private Secretary - Edgardo S. Sindi Charge d'Affaires
Vicente Lontok 4-265 3-21-31 ( L-314 ) Provincial Governor co — 4-287 3-21-31 ( L - 223 ) Maj . Miguel Romualdez , Military At
NATIONAL PLANNING Pedro A. Bandoquillo DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN tache
OMMISSION SIQUIJOR- ( Sub-Province ) AFFAIRS Mr. Vicente L , Pastrana , First Sec .
Metropolitan Water District Building Lt. Governor- 1570 Arlegui , Manila ( concurrently consul)
Arroceros , Manila Marcial Paling ( Tel . Nos . 3-24-86 ; 3-24-87 ; 3-24-88 ; Mr. Alejandro D. Yango, Third Sec ,
Chairman NUEVA ECIJA : 3-24-89 — Private exchange connecting ( concurrently Vice Consul )
Jorge B. Vargas 6-88-80 6-71-95 Provincial Governor all offices ) ITALY
Members Leopoldo D. Diaz Secretary of Foreign Affairs- Joa Rome
Sotero Baluyut 3-20-50 3-25-17 NUEVA VIZCAYA : quin M. Elizalde Legation of the Philippines,
Pio Joven 3-21-31 2-76-41 Provincial Governor Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs Via Giovanni Battista de Rossi 27,
Jose Paez 5-34-34 3-85-68 Jose A. Madarang Felino Neri Rome
6-79-10 3-23-86 PALAWAN : Mr. Manuel A. Alzate , First Sec .
Gil Puyat OFFICE OF POLITICAL AND
Florencio Tamesis 3-169 2-81-39 Provincial Governor ECONOMIC AFFAIRS ( concurrently Consul General )
Cesar H. Concio 2-75-04 Patricio Fernandez Counselor-Vacant Charge d'Affaires .
PAMPANGA : JAPAN
Office Staff : Provincial Governor UNESCO NATIONAL COMMISSION
Director Rafael Lazatin
OF THE PHILIPPINES Tokyo
Juan M. Arellano 3-27-77 6-86-81 Chairman -- Vidal A. Tan Mission of the Philippines
Executive Secretary and Planning En PANGASINAN : Members : Coun Fifth Floor , Hattori Bldg . , Tokyo
Provincial Governor
gineer selor , Office of Political and Economic Hon . Jose P. Melencio , Chief of Mis
2-119 3-27-77 Juan de G. Rodriguez Affairs , DFA sion with rank of Ambassador
Marcial Esguerra QUEZON :
Chief Planner, Urban Division Benito Pangilinan, Director, Bureau Mr. Tomas C. de Castro , First Sec .
Provincial Governor Mr. Romeo S. Busuego , Second Sec ,
Anselmo T. Alquinto 2-119 3-27-77
Vicente Constantino
of Public Schools
Acting Chief of Planner , National Eduardo Quisumbing. Director , Na ( concurrently Consul )
Regional Division AURORA- (Sub - Province ) tional Museum MACAU
2-119 3-27-77 Provincial Governor Consulate of the Philippines ,
Andres Kimwell Geronima T. Pecson
Juan C. Angara 614-615 Marina House , Queen's Road .
Chief Clerk RIZAL : Manuel V. Gallego
Ignacio Endaya 2-119 3-27-77 Hongkong
Provincial Governor Gabriel A. Bernardo
IMPORT CONTROL DIVISION Antonio Mar da Mr. Vicente I. Singian , Consul
Wenceslao Pascual
Boston Street , Port Area , Manila Zosimo C. Ella Mr. Aurelio M. Ramos, Vice Consul
ROMBLON : NETHERLANDS
Chairman Provincial Governor Mariano V. de los Santos
Primitivo Lovina 3-84-17 The Hague
Jovencio Q Mayor Manuel Carreon , Director, Bureau of
Members : SAMAR : Private Schools Legation of the Philippines.
Pio Pedrosa , Leon Ancheta 3-84-17 26 Georges Mandel Ave. , Paris
Provincial Governor Angel S. Arguelles , Director , Insti
PROVINCIAL GOVERNORS Decoroso Rosales tute of Science and Technology Mr. Octavio L. Malolos , First Sec .
ABRA : Luis Montilla , Director, Burea ' of Charge d'Affaires
SORSOGON :
Provincial Governor Public Libraries NEW ZEALAND
Lucas P. Paredes Provincial Governor Wellington
Salvador Escudero Bienvenido Ma . Gonzalez , Chairman ,
AGUSAN : SULU : National Research Council Legation of the Philippines ,
Provincial Governor G.P.O. Bcx 4607 , Sydney , Australia .
Felixberto C. Dagani Provincial Governor Concepcion Aguila
Hadji Gulamu Rasul Ariston Estrada Hon . Roberto Regala , Envoy Extra
ALBAY : SURIGAO : Benicio T. Catapusan ordinary and Minister Plenipoten
Provincial Governor Provincial Governor Purita K. Ledesma tiary
Manuel M. Calleja Fernando C. Silvosa Estanislao R. Lopez Mr. Tiburcio C. Baja , First Sec.
ANTIQUE : SINGAPORE , FEDERATION of MALA
TARLAC : Domingo Ponce
Provincial Governor Provincial Governor Francisco Dalupan YA, BRITISH NORTH BORNEO , SA
Calixto 0. Zaldivar RAWAK and BRUNEI
Antonio E. Lopez FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE
BATAAN : ZAMBALES : PHILIPPINES Singapore
Provincial Governor Provincial Governor ARGENTINA Consulate of the Philippines
Adelmo Q Camacho No. 4 Ardmore Park , Singapore, B.C.C.
Archimedes Villanueva Legation of the Philippines,
BATANES : ZAMBOANGA : 935 Calle Florida, Buenos Aires
Mr. Yusup R. Abubakar, Consul
Provincial Governor Provincial Governor
NORWAY
Ciriaco A. Abad Hon . Narciso Ramos. Envoy Extra
Felipe B Azcuna
Oslo
BATANGAS : ordinary and Minister Plenipoten
CITY MAYORS tiary Legation of the Philippines,
Provincial Governor 9A Palace Green , London , England
Mr. Manuel Escudero , First Sec .
Feliciano Leviste BACOLOD CITY : Hon . Jose E. Romero , Envoy Extra
BOHOL : City Mayor ( concurrently Consul General) ordinary and Minister Plenipoten
Provincial Governor Felix P. Amante AUSTRALIA
tiary .
Juan C. Pajo BAGUIO CITY : Sydney PAKISTAN
BUKIDNON : City Mayor Legation of the Philippines, G.P.O. Karachi
Provincial Governor Francisco I. Ortega Box 4607, Sydney
Marcos Resiña Hon . Roberto Regala , Envoy Extra Consulate of the Philippines,
BASILAN CITY : Netherlands Trading Society Bank
BULACAN : City Mayor ordinary and Minister Plenipoten Bldg . ,
Provincial Governor Nicasio Valderrosa tiary Bunder Road cor. Laxmidas St. , Ka
Alejo S. Santos BUTUAN CITY : Mr. Tiburcio G. Baja , First Sec . (con rachi
CAGAYAN : City Mayor currently Consul ) Mr. Tagakotta 0. Sotto , Consul
Provincial Governor Rodolfo D Calo BELGIUM
Brussels Mr. Marciano A. Joven , Vice Consul
Jose P. Carag CABANATUAN CITY : SAUDI ARABIA
CAMARINES NORTE : City Mayor Legation of the Philippines.
Provincial Governor Djibouti
Sergio S. Ocampo 26 George Ave. , Paris, Franca
Wilfrido P Panotes Mr. Octavio L. Malolos , First Secre Consulate of the Philippines .
CAGAYAN DE ORO CITY : Netherlands Trading Society Bank
CAMARINES SUR : City Mayor tary Charge d'Affaires
Provincial Governor CHINA Bldg ..
Max Y. Suniel Bunder Road cor . Laxmidas St. , Ka
Juan F. Triviño CALBAYOG CITY : Taipeh
rachi
CAPIZ : City Mayor Legation of the Philippines,
Provincial Governor No. 89 Ningpo Road West, Taipeh Mr. Tagakotta O. Sotto, Consul
Pedro D Pido SPAIN
Eduardo Abalo CAVITE CITY : Formosa
CATANDUANES : Hon . Manuel A. Adeva , First Sec . Madrid
City Mayor ( concurrently Consul General ) Embassy of the Philippines ,
Provincial Governor Bernardino C. Mendoza (Actg . )
Juan M. Alberto Charge d'Affaires Plaza de Alonso Marinez 3 , Madrid .
CEBU CITY :
CAVITE : CUBA Hon . Manuel V. Moran , Ambassador
Provincial Governor
City Mayor Havana Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo
Pedro Elizalde ( Actg )
Dominador i Camerino DAGUPAN CITY : Legation of the Philippines . tentiary
CEBU : 1617 Massachusetts Ave. N.W. , Wa Hon , Manuel Nieto, Minister Coun
City Mayor selor
Provincial Governor Angel B Fernandez shington D.C.
Sergio Osmeña , Jr. DANSALAN CITY : Hon . Carlos P. Romulo , Envoy Extra Coi . Lauro Hernandez , Military At
COTABATO : ordinary and Minister Plenipoten tache
City Mayor
Provincial Governor Bato Ali tiary . Mr. Salvador G. Zamora , Commer
Datu Duma Sinsuat DENMARK cial Attache
DAVAO CITY :
DAVAO : City Mayor Copenhagen Mr. Francisco T. Claravall , Second
Provincial Governor Bernardo Teves Legation of the Philippines, Sec. ( concurrently Consul )
Alejandro D. Almendras DUMAGUETE CITY : 9 a Palace Green , London , England , Mr. Ramon B. Felix , Third Sec . (con
ILOCOS NORTE : City Mayor Hon . Jose E. Romero , Envoy Extra currently Vice Consul )
Provincial Governor
Deogracias T. Pinili ordinary and Minister plenipoten SWEDEN
Damaso T. Samonte ILIGAN CITY : tiary . Stockholm
ILOCOS SUR : City Mayor FRANCE Legation of the Philippines .
Provincial Governor Benito Ong Paris 9A Palace Green , London , England
Eliseo Quirino ILOILO CITY : Legation of the Philippines, Hon , Jose E. Romero , Envoy Extra
ILOILO : City Mayor 26 Georges Mandel Ave., Paris ordinary and Minister Plenipoten
Provincial Governor Rafael Jalandoni Mr. Octavio L. Malolos . First Ser tiary
Mariano B. Peñaflorida ( concurrently Consul ) THAILAND
ISABELA : LEGASPI CITY :
City Mayor Mr. Pelayo F. Llamas, Second Sec Bangkok
Provincial Governor ( concurrently Vice Consul ) Legation of the Philippines ,
1 Jose Arboleda
Felix T. Caro LIPA CITY : GUAM 126 Gottache Lane, Bangkok ,
LAGUNA : City Mayor Agana Hon . Bernabe Africa , Envoy Extra
Provincial Governor Consulate of the Philippines ,
Dominador E. Chipeco
Esteban M. Mayo ordinary and Minister Plenipoten
MANILA : P.O.Box 67 , Agana tiary
LANAO : Mr. Bartolome A. Umayan , Consul Mr Vicente Ingente , Military Atta
Provincial Governor City Mayor
Arsenio H. Lacson HOLY SEE che
Datu Mandangan Dimakuta NAGA CITY : Vatican Mr. Eutiquio O. Sta . Romana , Ser
LA UNION : Embassy of the Philippines ond Sec. ( concurrently Consul )
City Mavor
Provincial Governor Plaza de Alonzo Marinez 3 , Madrid , Mr. Carlos A. Faustino , Third Sec .
Leon Sa Aureos
Juan C. Carbonell Spain
LEYTE : ORMOC CITY : ( concurrently vice Consul )
City Mayor Hon . Manuel V. Moran , Ambassador UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Provincial Governor Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
Bernardo Torres
Lucilo Conul Washington , D. C.
OZAMIS CITY : HONGKONG's B.C.C. Embassy of the Philippines ,
MARINDUQUE : City Mayor Hongkong 1617 Massachusetts Avenue , N. W ..
Provincial Governor Angel Medina Consulate of the Philippines, Washington , D. C.
Felix Fidel Paz QUEZON CITY : Rooms 614-615 , Marina House , Hon . Carlos P. Romulo , Ambassador
MASBATE :
City Mayor Queen's Road , Hong Kong Extraordinary and Minister Pleni
Provincial Governor Ignacio Santos Diaz Mr. Vicente I. Singian , Consul potentiary
Vicente M. Quisumbing PASAY CITY : Mr. Aurelio M. Ramos , Vice Consul Mr. Melquiades J. Gamboa , Coun
MINDORO OCCIDENTAL : City Mayor INDIA selor
Provincial Governor Primitivo Lovina New Delhi Mr. Urbano A. Zafra , Commercial
Federico B Castillo ROXAS CITY : Legation of the Philippines , Counselor
MINDORO ORIENTAL : Maiden's Hotel , New Delhi Lt. Col. Manuel O. Salientes, Military
Provincial Governor City Mayor
Lorenzo Arnaldo Mr. Jose Moreno, Charge d'Affaires Attache
Francisco S. Infantado SAN PABLO CITY : Calcutta Mr. Manuel Collantes , Second Sec.
MISAMIS OCCIDENTAL City Mayor- Consulate General of the Philippines Mr , Justiano D. Quirino , Sec . Sec .
Provincial Governor Marciano E Brion 8/6 Alipore Park Road , Calcutta ( concurrently Consul)
116 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
tapt.
Mr. Victorino P. Paredes , Assistant Undersecretary of Justice - Ceferino and Gral. Luna , Manila INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL LANGUAGE
de los Santos - 3-603 3-35-83 Chairman Fernando Lopez , Sec- Former Philippine War Damage red
Commercial Attache retary of Agriculture and Natural Re
Assistant BOARD OF PARDONS AND PAROLE Commission Compound
Capt . Ciriaco Montano , Department of Justice Building sources Arroceros Street , Manila ΤΗ
Armed Forces Attache seo
Aduana St. , Walled City , Manila Members : Director - Cirio H. Panganiban - 4-094
210
New York City Chairman-Oscar Castelo - 3-602 3- Ramon Magsaysay, Secretary of Na 6-64-25
co
Philippine Mission to the United Na tional Defense Secretary and Executive Officer
35-82
tions , Pablo Lorenzo , Acting Administrator Leonardo A. Dianzon - 4-095
6231 Empire State Building , 350 Fifth Members : Linguistic Assistant - Rufino Alejan
of Economic Coordination
Avenue , New York 1 , New York Leopoldo Pardo - 6-70-14 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS dro C
Hon . Carlos P. Romulo , Chief Dele Marcelo Tangco AND COMMUNICATIONS Chief, Research and Translation er
Pilar Hidalgo-Lim
gate Luis P. Torres - 3-060 Post Office Bldg . , Plaza Lawton Division-Teodoro Agoncillo sre
Mr. Salvador P. Lopez, Foreign Af OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR Manila Chief Clerk - Celso A. Molina - 4-096
*Z
fairs Officer ( with Personal rank GENERAL Sec . of Public Works and Communi NATIONAL MUSEUM
of Minister ) old Bilibid Prison Compound , cations- Pablo Lorenzo Cor . Taft Ave. and Herran , Manila
Mr. Jose D. Ingles , Foreign Affairs Undersec . of Public Works and Com Director-Eduardo Quisumbing - 3-130
Azcarraga , Manila
Offic er Solicitor General - Pompeyo Diaz munications - Vicente Orosa 5-36-71
Mr. Mauro Mendez , Legal Adviser RADIO CONTROL BOARD PHILIPPINE HISTORICAL COMMITTEE
Mr. Romeo T. Cristobal , Public Re 4-129 2-94-37
First Assistant Solicitor General Post Office Bldg . , Plaza Lawton 949 Lepanto, Manila
lations Officer Manila Chairman - Luis Montilla 4 - 496
Consulate General of the Philippines, Ruperto Kapunan , Jr - 4-132 2-94-48
Assistant Solicitors General : Chairman-Vicente Orosa 3-28-40
7619 Empire State Building, 350 Fifth Members :
Avenue , New York 1 , New York Inocencio Rosal-3-614 4-093 Members :
Minister and Manuel Gonzalez Jose P. Bantug
Hon . Emilio Abello , Guillermo Torres - 4-092 Vidal A. Tan
Francisco Carreon - 4-095 Benito Pangilinan
Consul General Juan Ruiz Estanislao P. Angeles Te

Mr. Renato A. Urquiola , Vice Consu! Lucas Lacson - 4-091 BUREAU OF PUBLIC WORKS LIBRARY ALLOCATION COMMITTEE
Mr. Eduardo L. Rosal, Vice Consul OFFICE OF THE GOVERNMENT
CORPORATE COUNSEL 5th Floor, Post Office Bldg ., Plaza c/o The Executive Officer , Instituta
San Francisco
Consulate Philippine National Bank Bldg . , Manila Lawton of Science , Herran and Taft Ave.,
General of the Philippines , Manila
Government Corporate Counsel Manila
Soriano Building. Stockton cor . Geary Director - Isaias Fernando - 3-471 Chairman -Luis Montilla
Pompeyo Diaz TV
San .,
Sts Francisco 8 , California . First Assistant Corporate Counsel BUREAU OF POSTS Members :
Mr. Benigno A. Pidlaoan , Consul Federico C. Alikpala Post Office Bldg . , Plaza Lawton Gabriel A. Bernardo
Manila Arturo B. Rotor
Second Assistant Corporate Counsel Director-Juan Ruiz-3-751 Mauricio V. Batoon
General
Mr. Juan C. Dionisio , Consul -Hilarion U. Jarencio
Mr. Andres G. Ferrer , Vice Consul Dept. of Justice Bldg . , Aduana St. , POSTAL SAVINGS BANK Jose P. Apostol
Mrs. Estela R. Sulit , Foreign Af PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Post Office Bldg . , Plaza Lawton DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Manila 1067 Arlegui , Manila 5

fairs Officer Walled City , Manila Superintendent Aureliano Buena- Secretary of Labor - Jose Figueras ,
Mr. Jose Q. Tabora , Foreign Affairs Commissioner
Associate - Feliciano Ocampo
Commisioner-Gabriel P. ventura-3-749 4-071 3-24-43
Officer BUREAU OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS Undersecretary of Labor Aurelio
Honolulu , Hawaii , T. H. Prieto
Associate Commisioner - Quintin 4th Floor, Post Office Bldg . , Plaza Quitoriano
Consulate General of the Philippines , Pa
2133 Nuuanu Avenue , Honolulu Lawton BUREAU OF LABOR
redes Jr.
Mr. Pedro G. Ramirez , Consul BUREAU OF PRISONS Director - Felipe Cuaderno - 3-411 1067 Arlegui , Manila
MOTOR VEHICLES OFFICE Director- ( Vacant )-4-076
Mr. Irineo R. Cabatit , Vice Consul Muntinlupa , Rizal
Call Long Distance -Bilibid, Cor . Canonigo & Isaac Peral , Manila PLACEMENT BUREAU
Chicago Chief of the Office-Primo Villar 317 Barbosa , Quiapo , Manila
Consulate
Suite 1330of the North
, 201 Philippines ,
Wells Street , Muntinlupa
Director of Prisons - Eustaquio C. Ba- 3-549 5-40-74 Director - Luis Manaiang
Special Agent-Luis G. Martin - 3-550 LABOR MANAGEMENT ADVISORY
Chicago 6 , Illinois lagtas
Mr. Leopoldo T. Ruiz , Consul Assistant Director of Prisons -Pa- Supervisor -at -Large -- Jose P. Matibag BOARD
Ir Pablo A. Pena , Vice Consul -3-551 1067 Arlegui, Manila
blo J. Noroña PHILIPPINE PORT COMMISSION Chairman - Jose Figueras ( Secretary
Los Angeles Superintendent, Manila Office - Salo c /o Dept. Public Works and Com- of Labor ) -4-071 3-24-43
Consulate of the Philippines , me R. Gamo Members :
355 South Broadway , Los Angeles 122, GENERAL LAND REGISTRATION munications , Plaza Lawton , Manila
Chairman - Vicente Orosa , Undersec Jose M. Nava
California OFFICE Eulogio Lerum
Mr. Sofronio Abrera , Consul old Bilibid Prison , Compound , retary of Public Works and Communi Aurelio Intertas
Mr. Doroteo V. Vite , Vice Consul
Azcarraga , Manila cations Hugo Retaga
Chief of the Office - Enrique Alta vas Vice Chairman-Alfredo V. Jacinto, Aurelio Montinola
New Orleans
Consulate Commissioner of Customs Ramon Roces
Suite 309 , ofInternat
the Philippines ,
ional Trade Mart , COURT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Members : Angel Elizalde
840 Oroquieta , Manila
124 Camp Street , New Orleans, Presiding Judge - Arsenio Roldan Enrique Razon
Parsons , Manager, Luzon
Lorenzo Q. Viedad
Rafael Roces
Associate Judges : Chick
Louisiana
Mr. Benjamin T. Tirona , Consul Selen Gabaldon
Modesto Castillo Stevedoring Company Eduardo Jana
Mr. Juan J. Hormillosa , Vice Consul Jose S. Bautista Jose Fernandez , Managing Director ,
Jose Marcelo
Seattle Compaña Maritima
Consulate of the Philippines , Juan L. Lanting Commodore Jose Francisco , Com Gonzalo Puyat:
1721 Smith Tower Building , Seattle , V. Jimenez Yamson Daniel Aguinaldo
NATIONAL BUREAU OF manding Officer , Philippine Navy Desiderio Dalisay
Washington INVESTIGATION Isaias Fernando , Director of Public Secretary --Felicisimo Panlilio — 2-178 .
Mr. Melquiades Ibanez , Consul Araullo Bldg . , Cor. Postigo and Works ADVISORY SAFETY COUNCIL
Mr. Irineo D. Cornista , Vice Consul Arzobispo , Walled City, Manila Rufino Abriol , Director of Quarantine c/o The Secretary of the Council,
Miss Carmen Buyson , Foreign Al Acting Director - Alberto Ramos B. B. Tunold , Secretary - Manager , 1040 Arlegui, Manila
fairs Officer Director - Natividad Z. de Associated Steamship Lines Chairman-Primo G. Maliwanag
United Kingdom of Great Britain Assistant Francisco Delgado, Vice - President Members :
Castro
Assistant
aind Northern Ireland to the Director - Mariano and General Manager , Delgado Bros. , Benito Legarda
Inc. Mariano Salazar
London G. Almeda IRRIGATION COUNCIL
Legation of the Philippines BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION B. A. Brussolo (On leave )
9A Palace Green , London , England c/o Dept. Public Works and Com Frank Tenny
Engineering Bldg . , Old U.P. Site munications, Plaza Lawton , Manila
Hon . Jose E. Romero , Envoy Extra Florida St. , Manila
Acting Secretary - Carmen s . Herrera
ordinary and Minister Plenipoten Chairman - Vicente Orosa , Undersec Acosta - 3-393
Commissioner of Immigration -- VI WAGE ADMINISTRATION SERVICE
tiary cente de la Cruz
retary of Public Works and Com
. Corner R. Hidalgo and Mendoza , Manila
Mr. Mariano Ezpeleta , First Sec Commissioner - Jesus munications
Chiet - Emiliano Morabe-2-303 .
( concurrently Consul General ) First Deputy Members :
Mr. Enrique M. Garcia, Second Sec . Bautista Isaias Fernando , Director of Public DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL
( concurrently Consul ) Second Deputy Commisioner - Oscar DEFENSE
Works Camp Murphy, Quezon City
DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE Araneta Felix Maramba
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Sec . of National Defense Ramon
Finance Building, General Luna cor . Luis de Leon
Magsaysay
AND NATURAL RESOURCES
P. Burgos Buenaventura Lopez Undersec. of National Defense -- Teo
Secretary of Finance - Aurelio Mon Corner General Luna and San Luis , GOVERNMENT QUARTERS dosio R. Diño .
Manila COMMITTEE
tinola - 3-145 3-85-84 ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES
Undersecretary of Finance-Sixto B. (PLDT - 3-22-23 ; GTS - Call Agricul c /o Dept. Public Works and Com Camp Murphy , Quezon City
Ortiz - 3-147 3-87-58
ture ) munications, Post Office Building , GENERAL HEADQUARTERS ARMED
BUREAU OF CUSTOMS Connecting all Departments Plaza Lawton FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES
Secretary of Agriculture and Natu Chairman -- Sotero Baluyut, Secretary ( GHQ AFP )
Customs Building
Commissioner of
, Port Area
Customs - Alfredo ral Resources — Fernando Lopez of Public Works and Communications Office of the Chief of Staff , AFP
Undersecretary of Agriculture and New Building
93 Members :
V.
BUREA Uto OF
Jacin -6-77-
INTERNAL REVENUE Natural Resources--Jose S. Camus Pio Joven , Commissioner of the The Chief of Staff --Maj . Gen. Calixto
BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY Duque - Murphy 5 6-88-88
Finance Building, General Luna Budget Jesus
Street. Manila 692 San Andres , Manila Manuel Agregado, Auditor General Deputy Chief of Staff-Col .
Vargas --Murphy 105 6-84-10
Tel . Nos . 3-36-41 and 3-36-42 ; Private Director of Plant Industry - Gonzalo Secretary - Manuel K. Torres - 3-443 HEADQUARTERS PHILIPPINE
exchange connecting all offices Merino_3-132 5-47-12 3-26-69 CONSTABULARY
Collector nf Internal Revenue-- Sa BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
turnino David Pandacan , Manila Camp Murphy - Crame
Former Philippine War Damage Quezon City
Deputy Collector Internal Revenue Director-Vicente Ferriols - 3-106 6 Commission Compound Chief of Constabulary - Brig . Gen.
-Silverio Blaquera 64-18 Arroceros Street , Manila Florencio Selga - Crame 6 6-88-03
BUREAU OF TREASURY BUREAU OF FORESTRY Acting Secretary of Education Ce Deputy Chief of Constabulary-Col
Finance Building , General Luna 244 Juan Luna , Manila cilio Putong - 3-091 3-22-40 Ramon Enriquez - Crame 13
Director - Florencio Tamesis - 2-169 Undersecretary of Education- Vacant HEADQUARTERS PHILIPPINE
Treasurer and the Burgos
of P. Philippines - Eva --3-092 , 3-22-22 AIR FORCE
2-81-39
BUREAU OF LANDS BOARD ON TEXTBOOKS Nichols Air Base, Rizal
risto Ver - 3-120 3-87-36
BUREAU OF SUPPLY Department of Agriculture and Commanding Officer-Col . Eustacio
Former Philippine War Damage
872 Oroquieta Natural Resources Building, Cor . San Compound , Arroceros, Manila D Orobia - Nichols 6 5-26-71
Purchasing Agent - Guillermo Arce
Luis and Gen. Luna , Manila Chairman - Gabriel R. Mañalac Deputy Commander and Chief of
Director of Lands - Jose P. Dans Air Staff Lt. Col. Pedr Q. Molina
bal-- 2-84-60 Members :
2-194 3-89-05 Alzona
Nichols 5
Buying Division : Encarnacion
Secretary of Air Staff -- 1st Lt. Ruſi
Chief Buyer- Eugenio Perez - 4-128 Assistant Director-Zoilo Castrillo Lino J. Castillejo na D. Agcaoili--Nichols 8
Assistant Chief Buyer - Jose E. Ra 2-195 3-98-05 Benito Pangilinan HEADQUARTERS PHILIPPINE NAVY
cela - 4-503Circular BUREAU OF MINES Mariano V. de los Santos
Proposal Section Dewey Boulevard , Manila
Chief Left Wing, Mines Building , Secretary --Pompeyo Gregorio - 3-092 Commanding Officer Commodore
Meleçio Orpiano_4-128 Herran St. , Manila 3-22-22 Jose Francisco -- 5-37-81 ( L25 )
OFFICE OF THE INSURANCE Director- Demetrio Andres 3-170 BUREAU OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS Chief Naval Staff - Commander Car
COMMISSIONER
Natividad
3-291 5-31-07 Former Philippine War Damage los Albert - 5-37-81 ( L-5 )
Building, Escolta BUREAU Commission Compound
OF FISHERIES Staff Secretary - Maj. Amado C. Jorge
Tel . 3-28-56 Ceferino Library Annex Building , Former U. P. Arroceros Street , Manila 5-37-81 ( L - 21 )
Insurance Commissioner
Taft Avenue, Manila Director -Benito Pangilinan --3-101 THILIPPINE MILITARY ACADEMY
Villar - 3-22-31 ( L - 133 ) Assistant Director-- Venancio Trini Loakan , Baguio
Assistant Insurance Commissioner- Director - Deogracias V. Villadolid
3-291- 5-31-07 dad - 3-102 Superintendent - Lt. Col. Patricio Bor
Antonio G. Perez FIBER INSPECTION SERVICE BUREAU OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS ron.eo
Actuary Examiner - Manuel 0. Hi Commandant of Carlets, CC , AFP
4th Floor , Guizon Bldg . , 755 Rizal Former Philippine War Damage
zon Commission Compound Maj. Felicisimo Castillo
BOARD OF TAX APPEALS Ave. , Manila Adjutant - Capt. Napoleon C. Man .
Manager - Antonio Lejano Arroceros Street , Manila
Chairman - Judge Mariano Nable 4-119 Director - Manuel L. Carreon - 3-096 gor.cn
2-72-50 Head , Academic Groun - Lt. Col. Vi
Members : BUREAU OF SOIL CONSERVATION Assistant Director-Daniel M. Salcedo vencio D. Davot
Jose Querubin Florida Street , Manila -3-098 CO , Service Group - Maj. Melchor M.
Guillermo Gomez Director-Marcos M. Alicante-3-219 BUREAU OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES Accsta
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE 949 Lepanto , Manila BUREAU OF COAST AND
Department of Justice Building 5-36-22
EXPORT CONTROL COMMITTEE Director - Luis Montilla - 4-496 3-28-40 GEODETIC SURVEY
Aduana St.,
Secretary Walled - City
of Justice Oscar, Manila
Castelo Department of Agriculture and Natural Assistant D.ractor -- Pascual Buena- Coast and Georetic Survey Bldg . ,
Resources Building , corner San Luis ventura - 4-086 Binondo , Manila
3-602 3-35-82
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 117
Director - Capt. Andres 0. Hizon BUREAU OF THE CENSUS BOARD OF DIRECTORS ECONOMIC MOBILIZATION COM
3-557 2-66-06 Chairman Juan Salcedo, Jr. - 4-155
AND STATISTICS MITTEE
Assistant Director- Comdr . Angel G. Group I 2-80-16 clo The Chairman of the Committee ,
de Jesus 3-558 2-94-53 Watson Bldg. , 506 Aviles , Manila Vice - Chairman -Manuel de la Fuente Office of Economic Coordination
LIGHTHOUSE BOARD Arting Dirertor -- Alfredo G. Eugenio -3-011 Manila
Coast and Geodetic Survey Building -4-227 6-73-76 Members : Chairman-Salvador Araneta
Binondo, Manila COOPERATIVE ADMINISTRATION Sixto Antonio Members :
Chairman - Commodore Jose Francis OFFICE
co
Alejo Aquino - 3-071 Miguel Cuaderno
Cor. R. Hidalgo & Mendoza Sts . , Manila Vicente Marasigan Cornelio Balmaceda
Members : Administrator - Antonio C. Mejia Carlos P. Garcia
Jose Ojeda, Superintendent , Nicolas Jimenez
Lt. 3-70 - S2 Macario Peralta , Jr.
Pedro Siccuan - 3-690
Lighthouse Service , Philippine Navy Deputy Administrator-- Benjamin T GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE Lorenzo M. Tañada
A. J. Villanueva , Chief Portworks Ligot-3-30-62
Er.gineer, Bureau of Public Works TOURIST BUREAU SYSTEM Jose Roy
Emilio Velez, Surveyor of Port, Bu Officer - in -Charge-Miguel G. Luna Boston , Port Area , Manila Emilio Tible
reau of Customs FAIR TRADE BOARD Government Service Insurance Board Miguel Cuenco
B. B. Tunold , Secretary -Manager, As c/o Department of Commerce Acting Chairman-Sixto B , Ortiz Maj . Gen. Calixto Duque
sociated Steamship Lines Members : Col. Amado N. Bautista
and Industry, Port Area Jose Gil WHEAT FLOUR BOARD
J. M. Amusategui. President, Philip Chairman - Saturnino Mendinueto ,
pine Shipowners ' Association
Undersecretary of Commerce and In Felix de la Costa c / o PRISCO , Port Area, Manila
BOARD ON PENSIONS FOR
dustry Emeterio Roa Chairman - Marcelo Eugenio , General
VETERANS Members : C. L. Dacanay Manager, PRISCO
949 Lepanto , Manila Secretary & Assistant General Man Members : A representative each
Acting Chairman General Emilio Bonifacio Qulaolt. Director of Com from
merce ager - M . G. del Rosario
Aguinaldo General Manager and Actuary - Luis The Department of Commerce and
Acting Members : Alfredo V. Jacinto , Commissioner of
Mariano Yenko Customs R. Salvosa 3-221 3-33-72 Industry
Ramon Alvarez Felipe Arenas , Director of Health Assistant to the General Manager The Department of Foreign Affairs
Isidro Wenceslao Saturnino David . Collector of In and Chief, Property Insurance Fund ' The Central Bank of the Philippines
Member-Clemente Mojica ternal Revenue Division Pedro Viudez The President, Philippine Chamber
Acting Secretary - Marcelo R. Lan of Conimerce
Celedonio Agrava , Director of Pa NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COMPANY
das GENERAL AUDITING OFFICE
tents Pureza , Sta . Mesa , Manila
PHILIPPINE VETERANS BOARD Marsman Bldg . , Port Area ,
Alberto Ramos , Director, National Tel . No. 6-75-53
Plaza Binondo , Manila Manila
Bureau of Investigation BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Acting Chairman - Gen . Guillermo B. Chairman Auditor General - Manuel Agregado
Francisco - 3-641 Eugenio Angeles, City Fiscal, Manila Deputy Auditor General- Pedro M.
Brig. Gen. Florencio Selga , Chief of Members :
Members : Gimenez
Col. Adonais P. Maclang Contabulary Benjamin Salvosa COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS
Jaime N. Ferrer Col. Dionisio Ojeda, Chief of Police , Jose Tiosejo
Manila Roberto Villanueva Former Finance Bldg.
Hilario F. Hilario ( Acting ) Taft Ave. , Manila
Col Eduardo Montilla Secretary - Prudencio de la Cuesta Eduardo Taylor Chairman-Domingo Imperial
Secretary to the Board and Liaison 3-571 3-23-21 Rafael Roces
Members :
Officer - Juan A. Acuña PRICE ADMINISTRATION BOARD Jose P. Villanueva
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH General Manager -- Amado N. Bau Leopoldo Rovira
c/ o PRISCO , Port Area, Manila Rodrigo Perez Jr.
Administration Bldg . , San Lazaro Chairman -Cornelio Balmaceda, Sec tista
Sec . -Emilio Aguila
Hospital Compound retary of Commerce and Industry NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION
Rizal Avenue , Manila Vice Chairman ( Ex -Officio )-Marce 4th Floor , Natividad Building . T. Chief Attorney -- Belen H. Abreu
Secretary of Health -Dr . Juan Sal Pinpin corner Escolta Cashier-Francisco Ramos
cedo , Jr. - 4-155 2-80-16 10 Eugenio , General Manager, PRISCO CENTRAL BANK OF THE
Members : Manila
Cndersecretary of Health - Dr. Regi PHILIPPINES
Julia Vda . de Gonzalez NATIONAL POWER BOARD
DO Padua 4-156 2-96-46 Intendencia Building, Walled City,
BUREAU OF HEALTH Ramon Araneta Chairman - Sotero Baluyut Manila
Pedro Fernandez Members : Tel . Nos . 3-23-31 ; 3-23-32 ; 3-23-33 ;
1 San Lazaro Hospital Compound Price Administrator - Marcelo Eu
Rizal Avenue , Manila Gabriel A. Daza 3-23-34 ; and 3-23-35
Director-Dr . Felipe Arenas 4-144 genio , General Manager, PRISCO Vidal A. Tan MONETARY BOARI)
2-68-82 Secretary - Eriberto L. Manabat Manuel I. Felizardo Presiding Officer -- Aurelio Montinola,
Executive Officer - Dr. Jesus A. No 3-87-11 ( L - 26 ) Eduardo Romualdez Secretary of Finance
ISCO - 4-145 2-58-82 CEBU PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY Casimiro Pagsanghan Members :
BUREAU OF QUARANTINE Pilots Bldg . , Muelle de la Office of the General Manager : Miguel Cuaderno, Governor, Central
Customs House , Port Area , Manila Industria , Manila Tel . 2-69-76 General Manager-Filemon C. Rodri .. Bank
Director-Dr . Rufino Abriol 3-226 Board of Directors guez—2-431 3-29-77 Pio Pedrosa , President , Philip
3.36-76 Acting Chairman - Teodosio Diño Assistant General Manager and pine National Bank
BUREAU OF HOSPITALS Members : Placido Mapa , Chairman , Board of
Isaias Fernando Chief Engineer-Filemon M. Zablan
1 San Lazaro Hospital Compound, 3-29-76 Governors , Rehabilitation Finance
Rizal Avenue, Manila Jose Panganiban Corporation
Director - Dr. Tranquilino Elicaño Jose Fernandez INSULAR SUGAR REFINING
Bienvenido Calleja CORPORATION Jose Yulo
4-1502-99-34 Antonio de las Alas
Executive Officer ( ex officio Chief , General Manager - Eduardo Taylor Pureza, Sta . Mesa , Manila
Administrative Division ) -Dr . Julian Assistant Manager-M , de Jesus Tel . 6-75-53 Governor- Miguel Cuaderno, Sr.
Pilares-4-151 2-76-36 PHILIPPINE AIR LINES Chairman-Pio Pedrosa Local 1
INSTITUTE OF NUTRITION M.R.S. Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes Vice -Chairman-Placido Mapa PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK
Padre Faura Street , Manila Manila- Tel . 2-99-66 Members : PNB Building , Escolta , Manila
Chairman , Institute of Nutrition President--Col. Andres Soriano Primitivo Lovina BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Poard and Concurrently Chief of Of First Vice - President - A . M. Macleod Amado N. Bautista Chairman - Oscar Castelo
fice - Juan Salcedo, Jr. - 3-169 Vice President- Director - Eduard T. Jose A. Narciso Directors :
Members, Institute of Nutrition Bolton Manager-Marciano S. Angeles Guillermo Guevara
Board : PEOPLE'S HOMESITE AND HOUSING Pio Pedrosa
CORPORATION PHILIPPINE COMMITTEE ON
Francisco O. Santos Conrado Benitez
Vicente Ferriols Corner Arroceros and Concepcion , ECAFFE MATTERS
Chairman - Saturnino Mendinueto , Bibiano L. Meer
Asuncion A. Perez Manila A. J. D. Cortes
Bernardo Acena BOARD OF DIRECTORS Undersecretary of Commerce and In
dustry Mamerto Poxas
Alberto Tupas Chairman - Jose Figueras Demetrio Santos
Members : Members :
Ariston Herinano
Benito Pangilinan Faustino Aguilar Agustin representing the
Mangila , Secretary - Eulogio Reyes
IsabeloConcepcion Tomas Mapua Department of Foreign Affairs President - Pio Pedrosa-2-402 , 3-34
Juan J. Carlos 21 3-31-08
Deogracias Villadolid Andres V. Castillo , representing the Executive Vice - President-Manuel
Helena Z. Benitez Ernesto Ilustre J.
Central Bank of the Philippines Marquez - 2-403, 3-34-21 3-22-63
NATIONAL ADVISORY HEALTH Secretay and Law Officer - Jacobo Leon Ma . Gonzales , representing the
COUNCIL S. de Vega Office of Economic Coordination Vice - President-Juan D. Quintos
San Lazaro Hospital Compound General Manager-Vicente Fragante 2-405 3-34-21
3-23-82
Bonifacio Quiaoit , Director of Com Vice President - Rufino Manotok
Rizal Avenue , Manila merce
Chairman - Dr. Juan Salcedo , Jr. , Sec Assistant General Manager - Faustino 2-404 3-34-21
retary of Health Reyes — 2-121 3-21-40 NATIONAL SHIPYARDS AND STEEL Vice - President - Leon Ancheta - 3-34
Vice Chairman-Dr . Regino Padua, LAND SETTLEMENT AND CORPORATION 21
Undersecretary of Health DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION Engineer Island, Manila HOME FINANCING COMMISSION
Members : Pureza St. , Sta . Mesa , Manila Tel . No. 3-20-77 Acting Chairman - Primitivo Lovina
Dr. Felipe Arenas , Director of Health BOARD OF DIRECTORS BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Dr. Rufino Abriol , Director of Qua Chairman - Col, Amado N. Bautista REHABILITATION FINANCE COR
rantine Chairman - Marcelo Adduru PORATION
Members : Members :
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PNB Bldg . , Escolta , Manila
AND JNDUSTRY Ludovico Hidrosollo Gregorio Y. Zara Board of Governors
25th Street , Port Area , Manila Eugenio Baltao Filemon C. Rodriguez Chairman - Placido L. Mapa
Secretary of Commerce and Indus Yay Marking Felix Padilla Governors :
try --Cornelio Balmaceda - 3-570 3-25-22 Mariano Atega Gonzalo T. Abaya
Juan Ledesma Eugenio Ealdama
Undersecretary of Commerce and In Judge Roman A. Cruz Lino J. Castillejo
dustry - Saturnino R. Mendinueto OFFICE OF ECONOMIC Carlos Fernandez Pablo Lorenzo
3-571 3-2-7 ! COORDINATION Secretary and Chief, Administrative Carlos Rivera
BUREAU OF COMMERCE 1586 Taft Ave. , Manila Department- Bonifacio C. Regalado Sec.-- Elena R. Lichauco
101 Echague , Manila Acting Administrator - Pablo Lorenzo General Manager-Bernardo P. Ab UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Director - Bonifacio A. Quiaoit - 2-420 INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND rera
Diliman , Quezon City
3-32-68 TECHNOLOGY
SUGAR QUOTA ADMINISTRATION PRICE STABILIZATION CORPO GTS - Call U.P .; Private exchange
Cor . Taft Avenue and Herran , Manila RATION
25th Street , Port Area , Manila ADVISORY BOARD connecting all Departments
Acting Administrator - Ramon L, Pa Port Area , Manila BOARD CF VISITORS
guia Chairman - Filemon C. Rodriguez Board of Directors Elpidio Quirino , President of the
PATENT OFFICE Members : Chairman -Cornelio Balmaceda Philippines
Ayuntamiento Compound Aduana St .. Manuel I. Felizardo Acting Chairman-Saturnino R. Men Eulcgio Rodriguez, President of the
Walled City , Manila Hermenegildo B. Reyes dinueto Senate
Lirertor of Patents - Celedonio Agra Manuel L. Roxas Members : Eugenio Perez, Speaker of the House
ta-3-29-19 Manuel V. Arguelles Modesto Farolan of Representatives
CIVIL AERONAUTICS Amando Clemente Delfin Buencamino BOARD OF REGENTS
ADMINISTRATION Sofronio Balce Juan Cojuangco Teodoro Evangelista , Acting Secretary
Jose V. Garcia Ramon V. del Rosario of Education , Acting Chairman
Nichols Field . Parañaque , Rizal Alfredo Villa - Abrille Graciano Borja
Administrator - Col. Victor Dizon Regents Ex - Officio :
5-27-51 . 5-11-49 Director-Angel S. Arguelles -3-157 NATIONAL RICE AND CORN Can : ilo Osias , Chairman of the Com
Deputy Administrator — Va
( TDY ) - 5-38-76 CORPORATION inittee on Public Instruction of the
cant MANILA RAILROAD COMPANY Azcarraga cor . Evangelista . Manila Senate
CIVIL AERONAUTICS BOARD 943 Azcarraga , Manila BOARD OF DIRECTORS Manuel T. Cases , Chairman of the
c/o Civil Aeronautics Administration Chairman of the Board and General Chairman-Pablo Lorenzo Committee on Education of the House
Nichols Field , Parañaque, Rizal Manager -- Amado Bautista Members : of Representatives
Chairman - Cornelio Balmaceda , Sec MANILA HOTEL COMPANY Servillano de la Cruz Vidal A. Tan , President of the
retary of Commerce and Industry Luneta , Manila Jose Soriano University
Members :
Tel . No. 3-35-01 Eufronio Caluag Benito Pangilinan , Director of Public
Col. Andres O. Cruz, administrator, BOARD OF DIRECTORS Juan Bigornia Schools
САА
Col. Eustacio D. Orobia , Command Chairman - Teodoro Evangelista General Manager -- Gabriel Belmonte Appointive Regents :
ing Officer , PAF 5-14-54 PHILIPPINE SUGAR INSTITUTE Jose Yulo
Felino Neri, Undersecretary of For. Vice - Chairman - Ceferino de los San c / o Office of Economic Coordination. Pio Pedrosa
eign Affairs tos Manila Gumersindo Garcia
Gregorio Y. Zara Members : Chairman - Oscar Ledesma Aurelio Periquet
WEATHER BUREAU Francisco T. Lopez - 6-61-10 Members : Modesto Farolan
Ernesto Rufino - 6-61-06 Manuel Elizalde Lino J. Castillejo
4th Floor, Marsman Building . Alfonso Ponce Enrile-2-79-15 GENERAL ADMINISTRATION
Port Area , Manila J. Amado Araneta
Director - Dr Casimiro del Rosario METROPOLITAN WATER DISTRICT Jose Manzano Office of the President :
Arroceros, Manila Ernesto Santos President - Vidal A. Tan
3-26-91 , 3-36-92
---

118 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

Executive Vice-President-Enrique T. cache-Res.: No. 8 Military Plaza . M.
Virata H. del Pilar ( Tel No. 5-35-83 ) --Mrs .
PHILIPPINE GENERAL HOSPITAL May .
Taft Avenue , Manila
DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR LIST Mr. Richard R. Ely, Attache -Res . :
Tel . Nos . 3-29-61 and 3-34-81 - Con No. 7 Ambassador Apartmenlos ( Tel .
necting all offices EMBASSIES Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni No. 5-34-08 ) --Mrs . Ely - Miss Nancy
Director - Dr. Agerico B. M. Sison Order Or Pieceüerce Ely .
3-198 And date or Presentation of
potentiary - Res: 1397 F. B. Harrison , Mr. James L. Meader, Attache
Credeztinis St. , Pasay City . Tel. No. 5-10-19 Res .: 25 Del Pan , Pasay City ( Tel .
Superintendent-Dr . Augusto P. Vil Mrs. Chen
lalon -- 3-198 His Excellency Monsignor Egidio No. 5-22-46 )-Mrs . Meader .
Mr. Chow Shu -Kii, Minister Mr. Sam P. Gilstrap , attache - Res .
Assistant to the Director-Dr . S. Vagnozzi, Apostolic Nuncio June 20 ,
Res : 25 Gilmore Ave. , Q. City . ( Tel .
Ador - Dionisio - 3-228 1951 .
6-88-72 .
1197 , Carolina St. , Manila , Tel . NO .
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF His Excellency Raymond A. Spru Mrs. Chow
5-39-64 , Mrs. Gilstrap .
THE PHILIPPINES ance , Ambassador extraordinary and Mr. Robert R. Spence; Attach-
Colonel Hsiung En -teh , Air Attache Res .: No. 66 Menlo Road , Pasay City
c / o College of Pharmacy , University minister_plenipotentiary . ( Concurrentiy Military and Nav
of the Philippines His Excellency Chih -ping,Chen (Tel . No. 5-26-76 ) -Mrs . Spence .
Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni Attache )-Res : 706 Tennessee St , Ma . Mr. Thomas K. Wright , First Sec
Diliman , Quezon City late , Manila ,- Tel . 5-15-25 .
Majestic
Executive Board potentiary of the Republic of Chi Mrs. Hsiung re cary and Consul-Res .:
Chairman and Member -at -Large na- August 26 , 1949 . Arms Hotel , San Luis ( Tel No. 3-34
His Excellency Alexander A. Mara Mr. Sun Jui- chuan , First Secretary 71 ) -- Mrs . Wright .
Bienvenido M. Gonzalez ( Concurrently Consul General ) Res .:
Vice - Chairman and Member -at mis , Ambassador Extraordinary anc --2 - C Indiana Apartments , Indiana Mr. George S. Roper, First Secretary
Plenipotentiary of the Republic of and Consul -Res : 2859 Herran St. ,
Large- Hermenegildo B. Reyes Indonesia --February 28 , 1950 Street, Manila . Tel . 5-51-71 .
Executive Secretary -Treasurer- Pa Mrs. Sun Sta . Ana, Manila Tel . No. 5-37-20 . Mrs.
trocinio Valenzuela His Excellency Antonio Gullon GO Secretary Roper
mez , Ambassador Extras and Mr. Toen Pao - tal, First Mr. Egbert G. White , Attache
Assistant Executive Secretary - Alfre Res.:--1534 Arellano Street, Maiate ,
do C. Santos Plenipotentiary of Spain -- January 24, Manila , ( Tel . NO . )
Res : 3724 Taft Ave Pasay City ( Tel .
1951 . No. 5-15-51 ) Mrs. White , Mrs. Benja
Division of Government , Foreign His Excellency Torsten Han mars
Mrs. Tien min White .
and Educational Relations : Chairman Commander Chow Chia - tsung , AS
trom , Envoy Extracrdinary and Mi Mr. Graham N. McKelvey , Labor
Manuel L. Carreon sistant Attache,
Naval Res.:-1209 Attache-Res .: No. 1 Ambassador Ap
nister Plenipotentiary of Sweden
Division of Physical and Mathemati March 5 , 1948 .
Carolina Street , Manila , Tel . No. 5-49 artments ( Tel . No. 5-46-08 ) -Mrs . MC
cal Sciences : Chairman - Jose M. Fe 84 . Kelvev .
His Excellency Nicolai Aall , Envoy Mr. Chi Ping Peng, Third Secretary ,
liciano Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo Mrs. Joseph C. Watson , Civil Air
Division of Medical Sciences : Chair Res . :-729 F. B. Harrison Street . Int . Attache - Res.: 22 Broadway , New Ma
man - Antonio G. Sison
tentiary of Norway - July 27 , 1948 . 2 , Pasay City . Tel No. 5-21-87
His Excellency A , J. D. Steenstra nila ( Tel No. 6-81- .. ) - Mrs. Watson .
Division of Chemical and Pharma Toussaint , Envoy Extraordinary and
Mrs. Peng Mr. Jim Martin Clore, Attaché .
ceutical Sciences Chairman - Angel S. Mr. Tsien Ai - Kien , Third Secretary ,
Minister Plenipotentiary 01 the Neth
Res : -- Central YMCA .
Res .: No. 6 Ambassador Apartments
Arguelles erlands-August 17 , 1948 . ( Tel . No. 5-30-35 ) -Mrs . Clore .
Division of Biological Sciences : His Excellency Luang Bhadravadi , Mr. Lee Shan Chung. Attache , Res .: Mr. James D. Bell , First Secretary
Chairman - Leopoldo B. Uichanco Envoy Extraordinary and Minister -97 Bataan St. , Sta . Mesa , Manila .
Tel . 6-74-69 . and Consul- Res : 407 Perez St. Paco ,
Division of Agriculture and For Plenipotentiary of Thailand-- Decem - Manila ( Tel . 5-36-67 ).- Mrs . Bell .
estry : Chairman -Florencio Tamesis Mrs. Lee Mr Howard W. Brown, Attache
ber 1 , 1949 . Mr. Chi Yu , Attache , Res . :
Division of Engineering and Indus His Excellency Lucien Colin , Envoy Res : No. 6 Dewey Arms Apartments ,
trial Research : Chairman - Amando Central YMCA , Manila . Dewey Blvd Manila- Tel. No. 5-5-44 .
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo
Chancery :-923 old Sta . Mesa St. , Ma
Clemente tentiary of France-December 8, 1949 . Mrs. Brown .
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSS nila , Tei . 6-75-69 Mr. William V. Broe . Attacne
His Excellency Giuseppe Telesio di Holy See
600 Isaac Peral , Manila Toritto , Envoy Extraordinary and Mi HisExcellency Monsignor Egidio Res .: No. 6 Military Plaza , M. H. de !
BOARD OF GOVERNORS nister Plenipotentiary of Italy - May Pilar ( Tel . No. 5-38-64 )-Mrs . Willian
Vagnozzi , Apostolic Nuncio . - Rez .:
V. Broe - Mrs . John Broe .
Chairman - Juan Salcedo , Jr. 20 , 1950 .
1114 Taft Avenue, Manila ( Tel .: 5-44
Vice - Chairman -- Sergio Bayan His Excellency Rear Admiral George 66 ) Mr Earl J. Wilson , Attache Res :
Secretary - Carmen Planas Dunbar More, Envoy Extraordinary and Monsignor Alfreda Poledrini , First Hut L , Seafront, Dewey Blvd , Pasay
Treasurer - Zenaida Quezon Buenca Minister Plenipotentiary of Australia
Secretary , Res.:-1114 Taft Avenue , City ( Tel . No. 5-17-31. Ext. 2 )
mino -July 20 , 1950 . Mr. John E. Roberts , Attache
Manila ( Tel . No. 5-44-66 )
Assistant Treasurer - Gabriel A. Daza His Excellency Jose Bautista Salles , Monsignor Costante Maltoni, Sec Res : 501 Bel Air Apartments, 30 De
Counselor - Teodoro Evangelista Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
ond wey Boulevard ( Tel . No. 5-43-61 )
Plenipotentiary o1 Argentina - Nov Secretary --Res .: 1114 Taft Ave Mrs. Roberts .
Members : nue , Manila ( Tel . No. 5-44-66 )
Quirino Abad Santos ember 24 , 1950 . Apostolic Nunciature : 1114 Taft Mr. Frederic D. Schultheis . Attache
His Excellency F. S. Gibbs , Envoy -Res .: No. 1 Military Plaza , M, H
Joseph Arcache Avenue , Manila ( Tel. No. 5-44-66 )
Teodoro C. Arvisu Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo Chancery : Teodorica Apartments , del Pilar, Tel . No. 5-40-71 - Mrs. Schul
tentiary of the United Kingdom of theis .
A. D. Calhoun Dewey Boulevard , Manila ( Tel . No.
Mr. Harry
S. Hudson , Attache
Manuel L. Carreon Great Britain and Northern Ireland 5-42-11 )
May 31 , 1951 . -Res : No. 2 Military
Plaza M.
Cenon S. Cervantes Rerublic Of Indonesia H. del ( Tel . No. 3-32-51 .
Pilar Ext.
Dominador E. Chipeco Mr. Rene Guillaume , Charge His Excellency Alexander A. Mara
d'Affaires ad interim of Belgium-May 285 )-Mrs. Hudson .
Calixto Duque mis , Ambassador Extraordinary Pleni
Agustina G. Faypon 18 , 1949.
potentiary-Res.: 176 Vito Cruz , Ma Mr. Lawrence M. Harper , Attache
Mariano C. Icasiano Mr. Raul Ricardo Rioboo, Charge Res .: No. 5 Military Plaza, M. H. del
d'Affairs and interim of Argentina nila ( Tel . No. 5-43-92 ) . Pilar ( Tel No. 3-32-51. Ext . 289
Arturo E Ilagan Mrs. Elizabeth Maramis
January 11 , 1952 , Mrs. Harper .
Hilario Lara Mr. Mohammad Abdullah Siddik , Miss Elleen R. Donovan , Second
Manuel Lim Republic of China Counselor ( Concurrently Consul Gen
Pilar H. Lim His Excellency Chen Chin - Ping , Secretary and Vice Consul (Nained )
eral )-Res.: 3286 Taft Avenue, Pasay Res : Bay View Hotel . Dewey Blvd.,
Fernando Manalo City ( Tel . No. 5-26-98 ) . Tel . 5-46-21
Geronima T. Pecson Headquarters, City Hall , P. Burgos Mrs. Siddik Mr. Arthur L. Gamson , Second Sec.
Pio Pedrosa Mr. Marzoeki, Second Secretary
Chief of Fire Department- Cipriano retary and Vice Consul - Res : No. 16 ,
Asuncion A. Perez Cruz - 3-086 3-24-73 ( Concurrently Consul)-Res.: 268 Re Military Plaza , M. H. del Pilar St.
Carlos Rivilla OFFICE OF THE CITY ASSESSOR medios Street , Malate ( Tel . No. 5 Manila Tel . No. 5-37-38 - Mrs Gamson
Porfirio V. Sison City Hall , P. Burgos, Manila 52-02 ) Lt. Col. Marlen E. Reber. Assistant
Concepcion M. Trias City Assessor Julio Francia-3-047 Mrs. Marzoeki Air Attache - Res : No. 4 -B Gomez
Scott Rasul Vicente 3-24-84 Mr. Hisan Pulungan , Second Sec . Mansion 89 Menlo Road , Pasay City
Romualdo Vijandre Assistant City Assessor - Honorato Res : 531 -A M. H. del Pilar St. Manila Tel . No. 5-21-43 - Mrs . Reber .
Gerardo Villasin Edaño - 3-048 Mrs. Pulungan Mr. Charles M. Urruela , Second
PHILIPPINE TUBERCULOSIS SOCIETY Chief Clerk-Francisco de la Rosa Mr. Jus Gani , Attache - Res : 1357
Sec . ( concurrently Vice - Consul ) Named
1893 Rizal Avenue , Manila 3-049 Gen. Luna St. Ermita , Manila . Mrs. Urruela ( absent )
Tel . 2-75-79 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICES ( Tel . No. 5-52-02 ) . Lieutenant Joseph G.
Commander
BOARD OF DIRECTORS City Hall , P. Burgos, Manila Mrs. Pulungan Bogdan , Assistant Kaval Attache and
President - Julia Va as Vda . de City Public Service Officer-Emilio Chancery : 410 Marques de Comillas, Assistant Naval Attache for Ar
Ortigas Manila ( Tel . No. 5-30-30 ) . Res :: No 4-B Gomez Mansions 89
Vice -President- Basilio J. Valdes Jose M. Chico_ - 3-617 3-23-17 Spain
Assistant City Public Service Officer Menlo Road , Pasay City Tel . No.
Treasurer - Vicente G. Gella OFFICE OF THE SHERIFF
His Excellency Antonio Gullcn Go 5-21-43.- Mrs. Bogdan ( Absent )
Members : mez , Ambassador Extraordinary and
Miguel Cañizares Dept. of Justice Bldg . , Aduana , Plenipotentiary -- Res .: 140 Leveriza Mr. George E. Tener. 11 Second Sec .
Carlos P. Romulo Walled City Manila Street , Pasay City ( Tel . No. 5-18-71 ) . ( concurrently Vice Consul ) Res : Ma
Sheriff of Manila - Macario M. nila Hotel Tel . 3-35-01 - Mrs . Tener
Jose Yulo Ofi Señor Jose Antonio Balenchana ,
lada --2-278 ( absent . )
Zeneida Quezon -Avanceña First Secretary-Res .: 2644 Tait Ave.
Soledad R. de Zulueta Acting Chief Deputy Sheriff & Chief Mr. Chalmers B. Wood , Second Sec .
nue , Pasay City Tel. No. 5-18-85 ) . ( concurrently Vice Consul ( Named )
Antonio G. Sison of Division & Cashier-Alberto B. Men Señora Maria Teresa Gullon de Ba
Florentina Herrera doza lenchana
Col. Paul Burns , Assistant Army At
EXECUTIVE PERSONNEL Señor Aparicio
Vicente Ollcros , tache --Res : 1947 Sandejas Sti , Pasay
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS City Mrs. Burns.
Managing Director --Miguel Cañizares City Hall , P. Burgos, Manila First Secretary ( Concurrently Consui ) Lieutenant Commander Gilbert W.
Executive Secretary - Pedro S. Lopez Superintendent - Antonio A. Mace --- Res.: 404 Colorado Street, Manila , Roberts , Assistant Naval Attache and
Chief , Administrative Service Señora Maria Luisa Pandode Apiricio
da -- 3-061 Assistant Naval Attache for Air - Res .:
Antonio C. Bengzon Third Secretary (named ) Senora de
Chief Educational and Information Assistant Superintendent-Estanislao 168 D. Balagtas, Pax Courts - Mrs . Ro
R. Lopez 3-062 Ortiz herts
Service - Soledad Arcega -Florendo Señor Joaquin de Santiago -Concha Mr. Ralph Victor Korp . Assistant
Chief, Medical and Social Service Assistant Superintendent of Elemen Osma,
Jose B. Avellana tary Schools Mrs. Asuncion Reyes y Marquis de Casa Madrid , Treasury Attache-Res . : Manila Hotel
Second Secretary- Res .: 16 San Luis ( Tel . No. 3-35-01 )
CITY OF MANILA Fugoso - 3-066 Mr. Douglas B. O'Connell , Assist
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR MANILA HEALTH DEPARTMENT Street, Pasay City Tel. No. 5-11-66 ) .
Señor Pedro Ortiz y Armengol, ant Treasury Attache - Res. : Seafront
City Hall , P. Burgos , Manila City Hall , P. Burgos , Manila Apartment 5 - C - Mrs. O'Connell .
City Health Officer-Dr . M. C. Ica Third Secretary ( Named )
Mayor - Arsenio H. Lacson United States of America Mr Frederick S. York , Assistant At
Vice -Mayor -- Bartolome Gatmaitan siano-3-051 3-22-85
Assistant City Health Officer - Dr.
Chancery : Former High Commis , tache Res : No. 3 Ambassador apart
OFFICE OF THE MUNICIPAL sloner Bldg . , Dewey Boulevard , Ma ment M. H. del Pilar Tel . 5-30-98 )
BOARD Demetrio Belmonte-3-055 3-21-10 nila-Tel . 5-37-01 . Mrs. York .
OFFICE OF THE CITY AUDITOR Mr. Paul Moy . Assistant Attache
City Hall , P. Burgos Als Excellency Raymond A. Spruance,
President of the Municipal Board Ground Floor, City Hall , P. Burgos Ambassador Extraordinary and Ple Res : No. 3 Dewey Arms Apartments
Vicente G. Cruz City Auditor - Andres Francia nipotentiary --Res : Corner Fisher Ave ( Tel . No. 5-47-79 ) -Mrs. Moy .
Members : Assistant City ditor - Juan L. Re rue and Dewey Boulevard , Pasay City Mr. John M. Hansell, Assistant At
Fausto Alberto yes ( Tel . No. 5-19-36 tache - Res .: NO . 3 Antonio's Com -
Victorino Banaag MUNICIPAL COURT Mrs. Spruance . pound, 285 Protacio . Pasay City ( Tel.
Ruperto Cristobal City Hall , P. Burgos Mi , Julian Fiske Harrington , Mi No. 5-23-12 ) -Mrs . Hansell
Presiding Judge and Judge of Branch nister - Res .: 2661 Fark Avenue , Fasay Mr. Philip B. Bergfield , Assistant
Leonardo Garcia Res : Seafront Building
V-Natividad Almeda Lopez City ( Tel . No. 5-17-49 ) . Attache
Hermenegildo Gonzaga
Justo Ibay Branch 1 - Judge - Ramon A. Ycasia Mrs. Harrington - Mrs. Bergfield .
Salvador Mariño no Mrs. A. Merrel Benninghoff, Coun Mr. Lawrence A. Olson Jr. , Assistant
Eriberto Remigio Branch II - Judge - Guillermo Cabre selor (concurrently Consul General ) Attache - Res : 16 Ilang -Ilang St. Q. C.
ra Res : - No. 8 Ambassador Apart . M. H. -Mrs . Olson ‫انیان رابه‬
Gonzalo Santos Miss Mary E. Townes , Assistant At
Marciano Santos Branch III-Judge-Francisco Gero del Pilar St , Manila --Tel . 5-36-30 . Mrs.
tache - Res . : No. 6 Chancery Com
Francis P. Yuseco nimo Benninghoff ( absent )
Captain Waiter C. Holt , Naval At pound . Dewey Boulevard .
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING Branch IV - Judge - Crisanto Aragon Mr. John R. Horton , Assistant At
Branch V-Judge-Natividad Almeda tache and Naval Attache for Air
AND PUBLIC WORKS tache - Res .: 54 Ortigas , Pasay City
Lopez Res.: No. 2 Fernando Rein , Pasay Ci
City Hall , P. Burgos, Manila ty ( Tel No. 5-23-09 ) . ( Tel . No. 5-25-97 )-Mrs. Horton .
Branch VI - Judge - Gregorio Garcia Mr. Charles Thomas Mayfield , As 式
City Engineer -- Alejo Aquino - 3-071 Mrs. Holt 21
3-24-82 Office of the Clerk of Court : sistant Attache - Res .: Seafront com
Miss Harriet D. Holt
Assistant City Engineer - Jose G. Clerk of Court- Pedro Carpilio Colonel Edward W. Maschmeyer. pound , Hut " Y " -Mrs. Mayfield .
Licuanan - 3-84-88 Deputy Clerk-Filemon Garlitos Mr. Jack V. Talbot, Assistant At
Deputy Clerk and Property Custo Air Attache-Mrs . Maschmeyer tache-Res .: No. 12 Dewey Arms Ap too
MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENNT Colcnel Herbert F. Farmer , Army
dian-Jose Falconi artments ( Tel . No. 5-35-27 ) -Mrs. Tal
Police Headquarters, Isaac Peral, Attache-Res : 1621 Taft Avenue Ex bot .
Manila Deputy Clerk and in charge of Ap tension , Pasay City ( Tel . No. 5-33
Chief of Police - Col. Dionisio Ojeda peal Cases - Personel Records-Zacarias Mr. Seymour H. Glazer, Third Sec OF
40 ) --Mrs. Farmer . retary and Vice Consul - Res.: No. 5 ES
MANILA FIRE DEPARTMENT z . Quimuyog Mr. Herbert K. May , Treasury At Antonio's Compound, 285 Protacio, Pa
wp107
Paller
 1951 - 1952
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
say City ( Tel. No. 5-27-75 )
Mr. Frank N. Burnet . Third Secretary nila 9. Tez
No 5-35-69
Tel Apar MrsVerBake
t . , -605 montr St. , Ma . Minister Plenipotentiary --Res .: 973 M.
and Vice Consul - Res .: No. 37 Elena Mr. Henry A. Singer, Attache- Res . 5-36-17 ) -Mrs. Gibbs . 119
Apartments ( Tel . No. 5-43-50 ) H. del Pilar Street, Manila- ( Tel . No. Republic of Guatemala , C. A.
Mr. John W. Dixon , 1168 Taft Ave. , Pasay City-Mrs . Sing Office of the Consulate : 408 Looban
tache- Res : Assistant At Street , Paco, Manila ( Tel . No. 5-31-38 )
Gene
58 l-Telral Bautista
6-52- St. ., er .
Mr. William C. Taylor, Attachea . Mr. Clin
Mrs. Robe - Tho
Ant
rtton hon y Clin
mas . ton - Thomas ,
San Juan Riza . 34 . - Mrs First Secretary ( Concurrently Consul ) Señor Jose Garcia Alonso, Consul ad
Dixon . Manila Hotel honorem Res : 408 Looban Street , Paco,
Res : Rm . 271 ,
His Excellency Mirz Manila
Mr. Stanley D. Moss , Assistant At-
tache South Syquia Extr a Rashid Ali Baig ,
aordinary andIndiaMinister Plenipo-
SanMr.Marc
35-31
elin
Regi nald Mani
o St.Milb urnla Telt No.
, -Firs Secr5e
Res : No. 231 tary ) . Commercia -Re
( l) Manila Club
s: Señora Maria del Carmen de Alonso
Aparts . , 1151 M. H. del Pilar St Manila Republic of Honduras
-Mrs . Moss . tentiary Res : 151 Park Ave. , Pasay Group Captain Reginald John Bone , Senor Don Pat J. Dayrit , Consul ad
Mutual Security Administration City ( Tel . 5-51-15 ) honorem - Res : 23 Sierra Madre , Q. C.
Office : Fourth Floor. East Side , Ma- colt a cor
Chånc ery. :Dav
Rm Manila Bldg
St. , Burke
id. 509 ( Tel 3
. , . Es C.D. , Civil Air Attaché - Res .: Hong ( Tel . 6-76-26 )
1: 11a Hotel Tel . 3-23-61 . Kong. Senora Caridad P. de Dayrit
Mr. Roland R. 33-81 ) Arnold Office of the Consulate : Rm . 419
Renne , Minister Mr. Dugdale , Second Sa
Res : 37 Narra Ave. , Forbes Park , Ma LEGATIONS Secretary ( ConcCliv
urreently Vic e Consul) Inanillo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila ( Tel.
kati . Rizal ( Tel. 5-02-92 ) -Res.: 189 N. Domingo, Quezon City. 3-20-8-. Loc . 85 )
-Mrs . Renne . Argentina Mr. William Hume Smith , Third
Chancery : Second Fivor. Astoria
Mr. Edward S. Prentice , Deputy Apartments, 232 A. Mabini Street , Ma Secretary ( Concurrently Acting Vice Republic of Indonesia
Chief of Mission Mrs. Prentice ( absent ) Consul ) -Res : Number402 Marietta Office cf the Cons ular Section
Mr. Edward J. Bell . Attache nila ( Tel . No. 5-31-06 ) the Embassy : Indonesian Chancery of,
Ricardo Riobov Apart Nebr
. , -31 Manila - Tel.
) . aska St. ,
Mr. Orville McDiarmid , Attache- Senor Don Raul
Couns elor , Charge d'Affaires - Res : 122, No. 5-35
Mr. Bernard Joseph Wall , Third Sec . 'Teodorica Apartments, Dewey Bou
Res : No. 1 Dakota Apart., Dakota St. , levard , Manila ( Tei . No. 5-42-11 )
Manila - Mrs. McDiarmid Valenzuela St. Sta . , Mesa , Manila , Tel . ( concurrently Acting Vice Consul Mohammad Abdullah Siddik,
Mr.
Mr. Valery Rioboo ( absent )
Senora deEzequ
6-63-17 . - Feder Res : No. 504 Bell Aire Apart., Dewey Consul General Res .: 3286 Taft Avenue ,
Burati, Attache - Res : Señor ico Massot, At-
ielMati Blvd. , Manila ( Tel . 5-43-61 ) Pasay City ( Tel . No. 5-26-98 )
600 Dewey Blvd., Manila - Mrs.Burati tache Res . : Maria de mbangan
Parañ aque , Rizal - Señora Dia Mrs. Siddik
Mr. Deany Scott . Attache - Res.: Tea Street,
Apartments . No. 7 ( Tel . No. 5-35-69 ) na de Massot. Consulates & General Consulates Mr. Marzoeki, Consul Res .: 208 Re .
Mrs. Scott . Mr. Marzoeki , Consul Res - 1357
Mr. Winthrop Travell. Attache - Res. : Señor Jorge Jose Argentina Gen. Luna St. Ermita , Manila ( Tel ..
Crespo- Naon , At Office of the Consular Section
Embassy Apartments , No. 4Mrs . Tra- tache ( Concurrently
Mabin Remed Consul
Vice ios , Ma-.:
St.-Res Apart of NO . 5-52-02 )
vell .
A. i corner
the Legat ion 232
ments, A. Mabin
: Secon i , , Manila-
d Floor Astoria Mrs. Marzoeki
Dr. nila ( Tel . No. 5-49-18 ) -Señora
Rm .
Horace DeLien , Attache - Res : Crespo - Naon . de ( Tel . No. 5-31-06 ) . l Israe
Office of the Consulate : La Estrella
, ManilaKetchu
151Addison . 3-35-01 )
Hotel m(, TelAttache Commonwealth Señor Jorge José Crespo-Naon, Vice
Mr.
OY Australia Consul In Charge del Norte , Escolta Street , Manila ( Tel .
Res .: Seafront , Apartment 55-2 ( Tel . Chancery : Room 207 Ayala Res .: A. Mabini No. 2-94-25 )
Build corner Remedios Street, Manla- ( Tel . Ernest E. Simke ,
No. 5-17-31 , Ext . 6 ) iug , Juan Luna Street , Mir , Consul ad
Excelleand
ncy 2-96-88 ManilaGeurge
( Tes No. 5-49-18 ) -Señora honorem Res .: 173 Manga Avenue ,
Mr. Kurt Nathan , Attache - Res. : His
Nos . 2-97-72 Rear Admiral
. de Crespo -Naon .
Seafront, Hut K ( Tel . No. 5-17-31 , Ext . Dunbar Moore , C.B.E., Envoy Extra- Tuason Buildin Carera Escolta
g. 12 , Street Santa Mesa, Manila ( Tel . No. 5-73-40 )
359 ) -Mrs . Nathan . Office of the Consulate General : Mry . Rita Simke
Mr Clarence Eskildsen . Attache -Res and Real
.: y 265
ordinar r Plenipot
MinisteStree t , Parañ
entiary
aque , Mr. Frederick Herbert Palmer , M.C. ,
Res .: Patio de Pasay , Apartment No. Rizal ( Tel . No. 5-19-24 ) - Mrs. Moore Manilla- Gener
Consu ( Tel. alNo. 3-33-3
- Res : 5Peral
) ta Apart Republic of Lebanon
24 Mrs. Eskildsen .
Office of the Consulate : Room 404
4th Flcor , Regina Building , Escolta ,
Mark B. Williamson , Attache Miss Barba E. Russe
L. ry ll ,Moore
Phillips .
Second
Mr. Elena
Res .: Apartments , No. 48 ( Tel .
Mr.
Res : 7-A Michael Apartment A. Mabi- Manila ( Tel. Nos . 3-91-81 and 3-33-38 )
Mrs. , Palme
ments r.
L. Guerrer o Corner Isaac Pe . Señor Salvador Perez de Tagle , Con
NO . 5-99-04 ) Sec .
ral Street , Manila- ( Tel. No. 5-45-54 ) sul ad honorem Res .: 54 Libertad
Mr. Edward H. Milans , Attache ni St. , Manila , 'Tel . 5-52-01 . Street , Pasay City
Res : --- Leocadia Bldg . , Dewey ( Tel. No. 5-10-04 )
Blvd. Manila,
1144
Tel . 5-51-58 .--Mrs. Mi
Mr. Norman Vincent Pigram , Attache Cons ( Conc
Mr.ul Willi amurre
Dougl
ntlyas Assi
Walla c ?.
stan t Vica
Ca Señora Rosario G. de Perez de Tugle
-Res .: 5 Maravilla Court, Pasay City
ians . ( Tel . No. 5-10-94 ) --Mrs. Pigram Mexico
nadian Trade Commissioner ) Office of the Consulate : Room Num
Mrs. George F Gordner , Attache , Kin
Chancery : gdo
Four Belg
m thOf Floo r,ium
Elena Ap Mrs. Wallace. ber 200, S. J. Wilson Building , 139-143
Res : No. 3 Dakota Apart . , Dakota , St .. Jlian Luna Street , Manila ( Tel. No.
Manila ( Tel . 5-36-16 ) – Mrs. Gordner. crtments, Romero Salas Street , Ma Republic of China 2-87-62 )
No. 5-36-97
nila ( Tel . Guilla
ume ) d'Affaires Manila Roberts Street
ir. Ray G. Johnson , Attache-Res : Mr. R. . Charge Office Chancer
Chinese of y,
the 2005
Consulate General , Señor Alfredo Carmelo y Casas. Con
No. 250 Ramona Apart ., Dakuta St. , : sul ad honorem Res :
Manila - Mrs . Johnson ad interim - Res .: 6th Floor , Elena Ap- Pasay City ( Tei . Nos . 5-10-07 and 5-17 fell Avenue , Pasay City (7 Rus
. artments, Romero Salas Street, Manila 5-23-59 ) ( Tel . No.
Mr. George McKibbin , Attache - Res, : ( Tel. No. 5-36-9 Mrs. Guillaume
7) - 98Mr.
). Sun Jui - chuan , Consul General
Dakota Apartments , NO . 4 Tel. No. Señora Elvira de Carmelo .
5-31-45 ) -Mrs. McKibbin . Republic of France Netherlands
Mr. Me ! ville Monk, Attache-Res .: Chancery :
2060 Taft Avenue Exten- -Res
dian a .: Stre
2-Cet , Indi
Mani la . Apartments ,
ana In
sirn, Pasay City ( Tel . No. 5-17-56 ) Office of the Consulate : Fifth Floor ..
Elena Apartments , No. 43 ( Tel . No 5 Admiral Apartments , Dewey boulevara ,
49-83 ) - Mrs. Monk . His Excellency Lucien Coiin , Envoy Mrs. Sun.
Mr. Foster Knight, Attache - Res . : Extraordinary and Minister Plenino Manila ( Tel. NCS . ( 5-37-31 ) -- ( 5-37
Mayan City
tentiary- Res . : 3060 Taft Avenue Ex 32— -Extension Extensio
5-37
-33) 10- Urge nt
No. 6 Fernando Rein , Pasay City Mr. Min Shih Tchoong , Consu! calls ( after 5:00 P.M , n)
Mrs. Knight . tension , Pasay City ( Tel . No. 5-17-551 Mrs. Mih Slingenberg . Consul
- Mrs. Colin . Mr. B. Jan
Mr. Randle Powley , Attache- Res . : Mr. Chen Min Chung , Deputy Con Res : -6th Floor , Elena Apart , Ro
Mr. Andre Jacques Boizet, First Sec- sulMrs.
. Chen
T. Claudio St. Parañaque, Rizal Tel. retary - Res .: 300 Nebraska Street . Ma mero Salas St Manila .- Mrs. Slingen
5-13-43 Powley
- Mrs. L. . r, Attache- Res rietta Apartment ( Tel . No. 5-49-677 berg.
Mr. John Coope : Republic of Costa Rica
No. Republic of Italy Office of the Consulote : 0 ran Republic of Nicaragua, C. A.
260 Ramona Apart . , Dakota St.. Chancery : 35 Libertad Street , Pasay Mr. Eduardo Da Silva , Consul - Res :
Manila . City ( Tel . No. 5-18-09 )
duay Street, Manila- ( Tel . No. 3-24 Wakas , Parañaque , Rizal - Senora Guil
Mr. Winslow Gooch , Attache - Res , : 58 )
His Excellency Giuseppe Telesio di lermina G. de Da Silva , office of the
Tex Apartments, No. Señor Leonardo R. Osorio , Consul
10 ( Tel . No. 5 Torritto , Envoy Extraordinary and Mi Consulate : San Miguel Brew . Labora
35-69 ) -Mrs . Gooch nister Plenipotentiary - Res.: 31-33 L and honoren - Rez : 42 Eight St, New . tory Avil es St. , Manila ( Tel . 3-86-2 )
Mr. Clarence O. Sayler , Attache Manila , Q. C. ( Tel . 6-86-1 ,
Antonio Apart . , A. Mabini St. , berta d Stree
Torit to . t,
Pasay City ( Tel. No. 5 3)
Re's : di
18-09 ) -Mrs . Maria Francisca Telesio Señor Sebastian A. Ugarte , Vice Con Norway
Ermita Manila , Tel. 5-51-62- Mrs. r ‫ܙܙܙ‬ od honorem Ros : 75 Guevara Mr. Car l Oddvar Jorgensen , Consul
Street, San Juan , Rizal. -Res : Swiss Inn , Dewey Blvd. , Mani
Sayler . Netherlands la Tel . 5-37-61 -Mrs . Jorgensen ( ab
Mr. Clement L. Orrben , Señor Paulino M. Sampedro, Vice
Atta Chancery :_Fifth Floor Admiral AD sent )
Res.: Tez Apartments , No. 11 ( Tel che
. No. artments , Dewey Boulevard , Manila Consu eet,hono
raga lStrad ila -Res .: 1236 Azcar
Manrem Office of the Consulate : Rm . 308 El
5-35-69 ) --Mrs . Orrben . Tel. Nos . ( 5-37-31) - (5-37-32 ) — (5-37
Mr. Ronald D. Stevenson , Attache Hogar Filipino Bldg . , Juan Luna St. ,
Res . : Michel Apartments , No. 33 ) .- Extension 10 - Chancery ) --Extension Denmark Tel . 3-21-03 P 0 . Box 1241 , Manila ,
33 - Minister Office of the Consulate : Fifth Floor
Mrs. Stevenson . 6 -C Excellency A.J.D. Steenstra- Cebu City
His angk
Ing, Jua LunaShang
anon and hai Man
Street, Panila ( Tel.
' -Build
Mr. John T. Goltman , Attache Toussaint, Envoy Extra rdinary and No. 2-84-12 ) Mr He nry V. Jones , Vice - Consul
Plen ipotentiary - R - s.: 907 Es Iloilo City
Mr. Robert S. Hardie , Attache Minister
Mr. Harry W. Marsh , Attache paña Extension , Quezon City ( Tel . No. Mr. Jens Aage Fenstad . V.ce - Consul
Mr. Gustav Halberg, Consul ad hc
Mr. Ray E. Davis, Attache 6-82-09 ) -Mrs. Dorothea O. Steenstra norem-Res .: Number 9 Meadow Republic Of Panama
Mr. Paul A. Gantt , Attache Toussaint. Offic e of Consu
the late : Derham
Brook Lane, Pasay City- ( Tel . No. 5
Mr. Hendrick Machoian , Attache Mr. B. Jan Slingenberg , First Seca 18-01 ) .
Building, Port Area, Manila ( Tel . No.
Mr. Andrew J. Bellotti , Attache retary 3-37-11 )
Res .: Bel Aire Apartments , No. ( Concurrently Consul - Res : 6th
Floor , Elena
Mrs. Elizabeth Halberg. Mr. E M. Grimm, Consul
602 Ap art. Ro me Dominican Repuh'in norem - Res . : Santa ad ho,
Mesa Slipway
( Tel . No. 5-43-61 ) St. Manila ro Saias
Mr. Robert B. Curtis , Attache - Res : Tel No. 3-35-01 -- Mrs . Office of the Consulate : Wise Bialc - Cordeleria Street , Manila ( Tel . No
Slingenberg . ( ins . Juan Luna Street , Manila- ( Tel .
Bel Aire Apartments , No. 602 - Mrs . Cur 6-74-721 - Mrs . Grimm .
tis . Norway Nos. 2-71-09 and 2-80-65 ) Mr. Charles Parson , Consul General
Chancery : Ground Floor , Old Mars
Mr. William W. Lawson , Attache Señor Gerald G. Walker, Consul ad -Res : 310 Park Avenue , Pasay City
inan Building . P.O. Box 1366 .
Mr. Eric Wilson , Attache -- Res : No. Area , Manila ( Tel . No. 3-21-03 ) Port. honorem - Res.: 31 Loring Street , Pa . ( Tel . No. 3-37-11 ) -Mrs . Parsons.
380- Ramona Apart . , Dakota St. , Ma. Extra
His ordin ary ncy
Excelle Minister
andNicolai Aall Pleni po
. Envoy say City- ( Tel. No. 5-17-48 ) Portugal
nila - Mrs . Wilson . Señora Ruth Jean de Walker. Office of the Consulate : 158 Inverness
Mr. A. J. Foy Cross , Attache- Res : tenti
Mr.ary Nicolai Gelinuyden , Sec.nd General de Tabac
Repub lic osof de Filipi
Ecuad or nas ( Ti Street, Santa Ana , Manila ( Tel. No.
99 Roosevelt Ave. , San Francisco del Sec . , Charge d'Affaires interim-
ad bacal e ) . ofMarq
era
Offic Consu
theues Comil: les
de late Stree
Comp ejiat, 5-44-74 )
Monte . Q. C. ( Tel 6-87-41 Exchange 24 ) Res : Bangkok , Thailand-Mrs . Geel - Manila ( Tel . No. 3-22-9 ! ) Señor Carlos Ma . da Luz Nuñez .
- Mrs. Cross Vice Consul In Charge-Res . 120
Mr. William Bass , Attache- Res : muyden . Inverness Street, Santa Ana . Manila
246 Hollywood Drive , San Juan , Rizal Sweden Señor Ricardo Padilla Satrustegui , ( Tel . No. 5-44-76 ) -- Señora Purez d '
-Mrs . Bass Chancery : Punta , Santa Ana , Manila Consul ad honorem-Res : Park Eca Nuñez .
251
Mr. August F. Albers , Attache -Res : ( Tel . No. 6-75-61 ) Ave. , Pasay City . Spain
His Excellency Torsten Hammarstron , Señora Gloria Zobel de Padilla (Ab Office of the Consulate General :
Rosario Apart.. Dakota St. , Manila Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Ple Building,
Mrs Albers sent ) Numbers 303-310 Ayala
hicotentiary ( Absent ) --Res.: Pekin . Muelle de la Industria , Manila
Mr. Isaac Warren , Attache-Res : 76 ( Absen
Mr. t ) -- Res
Ingva r .:
Graue rs ,g . First Secretary
Pekin Señor Paulina Miranda San pedro ( Tel .
No. 2-75-76 )
Del Pan St. , Pasay City Vice Consul ad honorem Res : 1236
Señor Vicente Aparicio Olleros ,
Mr. Vernon W. Baker , Attache
Res : Thiland Azcarraga St. Manila . , Consul - Res .: 404 Colorado Streer ,
Rn . Señora de Miranda Sampedro
3-35-01 ) 470 , Manila Hotel- ( Tel. Chancery : Marietta Apartments , 300 Manila ( Tel. No. 5-37-14 )
Nebraska Street , Republic of El Salvador Señor Silviano Cermeño . Vice Con
Mr. Fred H. Larson , Attache --Res : Ermita , Manila Office of the Consulate 48 ? Perez sul ad honorem-- Res . : Cebu City .
Rm ( Tel . Nos . 5-30-25 and 5-30-58 )
451 Manila Hotel . His Excellency Luang Bhadra radi, Street , Manila ( Tel . No 5-32-14 . Sweden
Mrs. Ivan E Señor Rafael Perez Rosales , Consul
Miles
, . Attache- Res ' Envoy Exiraordinary and Minister Ple Office of the Consulate : Punta , San
No. 10 Tez Apart . , 605 Vermont St. , nipotentiary Res : 817 A. Mabini . St.
ad honorem- Res .: 1335 Oregon Street , ta Ana , Manila ( Tel . No. 6-75-61 )
Manila , Tel . 3-35-69 ) Manila- ( Tel - No. 530-25 )-Mrs . Bhad Paco , Manila . Mr. Edvin Varland , Consul ad no
Mr. Loren L. Davis -Res : 910 - B in ravadi . Seriora de Perez Rosales liorem - Res.: Punta , Santa Ana , Ma
diana St. , Malate , niin ( Tel. No. 6-75-61 ) -Mrs . Tamara
Manila . Captain Nit Sukhun . R.T.N. , Naval Finland
Wilbu102 Ekstr , Attac Varland .
Mr.
Res : No. r T Mari ettaandApar t. , he Attaché and Air Attaché- Res .: 3 Rus Office of the Consulate : J. M. Men
braska St. , Ermita . Manila . sell Avenue, Pasay City -- ( Tel. No. 5 zi Building , 183 Soler Street, Santa Mr. Bertil Valdemar Palmiertz . Vice
Ne 12-581 -- Momluang Kamala Sukhun Consul ad honorem - Res . : Cebu Ci
Cruz , Manila ( Tel . No. 2-79-27 )
Mrs. James P. Emerson , Attache- Captain Somphong Rochanapradit , Mr. Hins M. Menzi, Consul ad ho ty .
Res: 910-A Indiana St Malate , Manila Assistant Military Attaché ( Acting Mi norein Res.: 187 - B Manga Avenue , Switzerland
- Mrs. Emersc3 . litary Attaché ) Res.: 20 San Luis Santa Mesa , Manila -- ( Tel. No. 6-72-64 ) Office of the Consulate : Fourth Floor ,
Mr. Robert T. McMilla :), Attacle Stree
Mrs.t , Nongl City- Roch
Pasayaksna ( Tel. ana 5-10-4
No.pradi t. 1 ) Oific
Adam son Unive
e of the
King rsityConsu
dom of San
, Greec Gener
lateeMarce al:
lino Froom 402 , Wilson Building , Juan
Res : No. 210 Ramona Anart ., Dako- Mr. Obeboon Vanikkul, Third Serre- Street , Manila ( Tel . Nos . 3-22-67 und Liina Street. Manila ( Tel . No. 2-61
ta St. Manila - Mrs McMillan 30 )
Mr. John J. Greeley . Attache - Res tary
197 - Resejas
Sand TheayRova
: No. St2-..B Pas l . Cour 3 33-73 ) Mr. Max E. Buchi. Consul - Res .:
Manila Hotel, Tel. 3-35-01. loc . 351 ): ( Telt,.
City
884 Espana Ext . Q. City ( Tel . No. C.
Mr. Ronald G. Macomber , Attache 5-30-2
No. ed
Unit Kin -Mrs
5 )gdo m . ofVanik
Greakul.
t Britain and Brca
Mr.dway e Lucas
GeorgStre et , Quez
Adam
on son
City
. Consu
Tell. 84-08 )
-Res : No. 4 Lopez Compound , Pasay General ad honorem Res : Number 6 , Thailand
-Mrs . Macomber Northern Ireland Office of the Consulate General : Se
Mr. James B. Havron , Attache -- Shan ghai
ceryBan k hBuil ding , Jua n ngLun a, Mr Alexande
6-82-04 ) sonr A. Adamson , Deputy enth Floor , Soriano Building.
Res : Rm 407 , Chan : Fift Floo r , Hon gko and NO
Mrs. Adam Plaza
ManilaHayr
Hotel- ( Tel . 3- Manila ( Tel . No. 4-98-95 ) . Cervantes, Manila ( Tel . No. 2-79-15 )
35-01 Loc . 407 ) -Mrs . on ( absent ? His Excellency Frank S. Gibhs , C.M. hint Street, Manila ( Tel . No. 5-30-811 air. Eugene A. Perkins, Consul Gen
Mr. Walter C. Baker , Attache- Res : G. , O.B.E. , Envoy Extraordinary and Cons ul Lili
Mrs. ad anhonore
Adam Res
mso n . .: 1188 A. Ma eral ad hrncrem-- Res.: 650 Dewey
Boulevard , Manila .
Mr. Alfonso Ponce Enrile , Vice Con .
sui ad honorem - Res : Mayoilo , Miala
 120 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
bon , Rizal .
American-A . Soriano y Cia . - Soria
no Building , Plaza Cervantes .
United Kingdom British- Sun Life Assurance Corn .
Office of the Consulate : Fifth Floor ,
Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Build pany of Canada-Singson Building ,
ing , Juan Luna Street , Manila ( Tel. CHAMBERS IN PI Plaza Moraga , P , O , Box 2998 .
No.Mr.4-98-95 ) Filipino - Surigao Consolidated Min
Robert Anthony Clinton - Tho
ing Co. Inc.-El Hogar Filipino Build
mas, Consul . ing , Juan Luna Street ,
Mrs. Clinton - Thomas
Mr. Arnold Clive Dugdale , Vice Con British - Union Insurance Society of
sul - Res.: 139 N. Domingo , Quczon Campania General de Tabacos de Fi- Canton , Ltd. -Wise Building , J. L113
City ( Tel . No. ) AMERICAN lipinas. Street .
Mr. Consul d Joseph
Bernar--Res Wall , Acting Committee on Industrial Reations British - Warner, Barnes & Compa
.; Number 504. Bel AMERICAN CHAMBER OF Plaza Cer
Vice Messrs . Shell Company of the P. I .. ny, Ltd. - Soriano Building ,
Air Apartments, Dewey Boulevard , COMMERCE
Ltd. vantes .
No. 5-41-68
( Tel . States
Manila United ). 424 San Luis Street , Tel . 3-23-24 American Atlantic Gulf & Paci British - Fred Wilson & Company ,
of America
Office of the Consulate : American J. L. Manning , President fic Co. of Manila - P . B. Box 626 , Pun Inc. - 677 Dasmarinas St.
Dewey Boule J. H. Carpenter, Vice - President ta , Sta . Ana British- Wise Company , Inc .-
Chancery Compound, D. O. Gunn , Treasurer British Henry Hunter Bayne and Wise Building, J. Luna Street .
Mr., Manil
vard No. 5-37-01 ) Consul
a ( Tel . Benninghoff,
H. Merrell F C Bennett, director Company - 305 Ayala Building , Juan
J T Hicks , director
Filipino-Yek Hua Trading Corpora
Ambassador Luna . tion-201 Rosario Street , Binondo
General - Res : No. 8 E E Selph , director American Bunge Far East Agen- Swiss - F . E. Zuellig , Inc. -55 Rosa
Apart . , M. H. del Pilar St , Manila Harry C Stevenson . lirctor
( Tel 5-36-30 ) -- Mrs. Benninghoff ( ab. cies , Inc. -308 Gibbs Building, Das- rio Street , Binondo .
Paul H Wood , director
sent ) Consul Roy G. Davis , director marinas, ( New Members )
Ervin C. Ross , Vice Mrs Virginia Gonder , Executive German Bunning & Company, Inc. Filipino Philippine Factors , Inc.
Mr.
Res .: No. 2 Chancery Compound . De --6th Floor , Insular Life Building El Hogar Filipino Bldg .
Vice-President
wey
Mr. Boulevard
Arthur V.. Metcalfe , Vice Con I T Salmo secretary Plaza Cervantes . Indian - Isardas Import House- 117
British Chartered Bank of India , Escolta , Manila.
sul- Res : Seafront Compound , Ар Australia -- 123 Juan Luna St. shrdl Filipino-Swamag Inc. -151 Muelle
artment 57-24 - Mrs . Metcalfe . Australi a & China - 123 Juan Luna St. de Binondo .
Mr. George A. Hays . Vice Consul
-Res .: No. 9 Dewey Arms Apartments , Compan ia General ile TOTAL - 57 firms .
( Tel . No. 5-47-39 ) CHINESE Spanish
Tabacos de Filipinas - 212 Marques de
Dewey Boulevard Total membership comprises eleven
-Mrs Comillas Street . naticnalities .
Mr. . Frank
Hays . X. Burnet , Vice Consul THE PHILIPPINE CHINESE GENERAL
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE American Connell Bros. Company 18 Brtish firms
Res .: No. 37 Elena Apartments ( Tel . ( Philippines )-99 Dasmarinas St. 13 American
ADVISERS :
No. 50 ) Vice Con Yu Khe Thai- Yutivo Sons Hard Theo , H. Davies & Co. 11 Filipino
Mr.5-43-
Thomas R. Senter, Sen
British 7 Swiss
46 Isaac Peral - Mrs . ware Co. , 404 Dasmariñas St. , Manila Far East , Ltd.- . . th floor Ayala Bulid
sul - Res . :
China Banking 2 Spanish
terMr. Consul
Dr. Albino SyCip ing , J. Luna . 1 Canadian
Robert D. Yoder , Vice Corporation , Dasmariñas cor . J. Luna, British Dodwell & Company , Ltd. 1 Danish
Seafront , Dewey Manila -99 Dasmarinas St.
Bldg . 52
Blvd , : Pasay
-Res - Z , ( Tel . No. 5-17-31
City T. K. Chang - Phil Bank of Com 1 German
Filipino Dy Buncio & Company , 1 Indian
Ext . 387Marybelle
) Mrs. Yoder . munications , 434 Dasmariñas St. Ma Inc. -609 Lavezares , San Nnicolas . 1 Netherlands
Miss Eversole , Vice Con nila Com
Danish The East Asiatic 1 Swedish
Clinton
sulMr.( Named ) C. Halstead , Vice Con ing Corporation
Eduardo , 210 J. Luna St.Bank
Co Seteng--Equitable , Ma- pany , Ltd. -5th floor, Hongkong Bank
sul - Res.: Seafront Compound , Ap Bldg . , J. Luna . 57
nila
Chua Limca Central Vegetable Oil British Eastern Extension Aus
artment 7 - B Vice Consul tralia & China Telegraph Company
Miss Edna Grenlie , Apartment 9 Mfg . Co. , 310 Azcarraga St. , Manila
Dakota St., Honorary President - Alfonso Z. SyCip , Filipino Elizalde & Company , Inc. PHILIPPINE
Res .: 718 -

( Tel . No. 5-51-49 ) Vice Consulm Yek Hua Trading Corporation , 201 503 Uy Chaco Bldg , Plaza Cervantes
Mr. John E. Rees, y
Res .: No. 27 Chancer Compound . Rosario St. , Manila -845 M. de la Industria . Commerce
Mr. William R. Sinclair, Vice Con President-Sy En ,Job Tek & Com Swiss Filipro , Inc. ( Nestle's Milk
pany . 613 Elcano St. , Manile Products ) -974 Azcarraga St. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
sul Named) -Mrs . Sinclair. Vice -Pres .-George Dee Se -Kiat-- Dee
OF
Mr. David C. Cuthell , Vice Consul Fleming & Williamson THE PHILIPPINES
Officer ) ( Named ) C. Chuan & Sons , Inc. , 18 Soler St. , British
Soriano Building , Plaza Cervantes, Tels . 3-29-50 and 3-37-46
( Principal
Mrs. Cuthel Manila
Mr. John P. Coffey, Vice Consul Vice -Pres . - Yao Shiong Shio The Filipino Genato Commercial Cor ( As of April 30 , 1952 )
Cathay Company, Inc. , 316 Nueva St., poration– 1075 R. Hidalgo St. , Quiapo . DIRECTORS
Res .: Cebu City . Manila British Gestetner , Ltd. - Corner Hon . Antonio Alas - President
Venezuela Calvo
de las
the Consulate : 60 Treasurer - Yu Eng Poh-Yutivo Sons M. Del Banco Nacional and Banquero Judge Antonio Quirino - Director
Buildingof, Escolta
Office Street, Manila ( Tel. Hardware Co. , 404 Dasmariñas St.. Mr. Luis Ablaza
Streets . -Director
Dr. Manuel Sabater , Consul ad ho Manila Swiss Otto Gmur , Inc. - Wison Mr. Francisco Delgado - Director
No. 2-82-09 ) MEMBERS EXECUTIVE BOARD : Mr. Ernesto V. Lagdameo - Director
Fresno Road , Pasay Building, J. Luna .
norem
City ( -Tel.
Res .:No.21 5-33-97 ) -Mrs . Carmen Dy Huanchay Phil . Hemp Export British Hongkong & Shanghai Dr. Jose R. Katigbak - Director
Corp. , 832 San Fernardo St. , Manila Mr. Jose M. Barredor Director
de Sabater . Esteban Uy Pit -Lok-Uy Su Bin & Banking Corporation --Hongkong Bank Mr. Demetrio S. Santos - Director
Consular
Agency Cuba Co. , Inc., 205 Rosario St. , Manila Bldg . , J. Luna .
Office of the Consular Agency : Fifth Gov. F. Halili-Director
Peter Lim-La Dicha Cigar & Cig . Inhelder , Inc.-P. O. Box Mr Manuel J Marquez-Director
Floor, Soriano Building , Plaza Cer Factory, 429 Asuncion St , Manila
Filipino
2045–143 / 49 Sta . Potenciana St. , In Dr. Bibiano L. Meer-Director
vantes, Manila ( Tel . No. 2-79-61 )
Mr. Andres Soriano, Honorary Con Ang Tuan Kai -- Ang Tuan Kai & Co., tramuros . Mr. Pedro J. Ocampo Sec . Treas
Roberts St. , 485 Nueva St. , Manila International Commercial urer
sular Agent - Res.: 1987 Swiss
Pasay City ( Tel . No. 5-15-21 ) Go Kim
Corpora tion , 210 Luna St. , Banking
Pan J.- Equitable Manila Corporation – 328 Dasmarinas St. Note : The position of Vice President
Mrs. Carmen de Montemar de Sor British Ipekdjian Merchandising is vacant .
U. T. Kui - Mariano Uy Chaco Sons
& Co. , Inc., Chaco Bldg . , Rosario St.. Company - Ayala Building, Juan Luna SUSTAINING MEMBERS
iano.
CITYV. Jones , Consular Agent
Mr. Henry
-CEBU Street . Aguinaldo, L. R. & Co. Inc. - 801
Manila
-DAVAO CITY Chua Lian Huat - Hua Tong Trading Swiss Ed . A. Keler & Company , Echague, Quiapo.
Mr. William Park , Consular Agent Co. , 913 Jaboneros St. , Manila Ltd. -Wise Building , J. Luna Street . Araneta , Gregorio Inc.-343 Echague,
MEMBERS CONTROL BOARD : British Ker & Company , Ltd. Quiapo .
-ILOILO CITY Consular Chua Cho ChingChua Cho Ching, Ayala Building , J. Luna Street The Cathay Company-316 Nueva
Mr. John M. Cameron ,
49 Soler St. , Manila Swiss Kuenzle and Streiff, Inc. Manila .
Agent Foreign National Holidays Chiong Phai Hun - Chiong Phai Hun. Compania General De Tabacos de
343-347 T. Pinpin Street .
January 26 - Australia ( Anniversary 341 Sto . Cristo . Manila American Luzon Stevedoring Com- Filipinas - 212 M. de Comillas .
first landing
of January of colonist s) Ching Leng-Cheng Ban Yek & Co. , pany . Iic.-P.O. Box 582 , Derham De La Rama Steamship Co. Inc.
26 — India ( Republic Day ) Ltd. , 574 M. de Binondo , Manila
March 11 - Denmark ( Birthday of Cua Po ChoohCua Po Chooh & Co. , Building, Port Area . Singson Building , Escolta .
American Manila Cordage Com Dy Buncio & Co. Inc. - 609 Lavezares,
King Frederick IX ) 309 San Vicente St. , Manila Binondo .
March 12 - Holy See (Anniversary of L. Cham Say - Cham Samco & Sons. pany- P . O. Box 2283, Cristobal & Otis
Coronation of His Holiness Pope Pius Elizalde & Co. Inc.-845 M. de la
Inc .. 306 Sto. Cristo , Manila Streets , Paco . Industria .
XII )
March 25 — Greece (Proclamation of American Manila Electric Com
Estrella Del Norte Levy Hnos . Inc.
pany - P . O, Box 451 , 134 San Marce Escolta corner Plaza Moraga .
Independence )
April 30 % Netherl ands ( Birthday of ENGLISH lino Street . Gov. Fortunato Halili - C / O Halil
Queen Juliana ) ( Independence Day ) British Manila Wine Merchants ,
May 10 — Israel Enterprises, Balintawak , Quezon CAN
MANILA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE Inc .-- Dasmarinas & Barraca Streets . Heirs of D. Tuazon Inc. -346 San
May 17 – Norway
( Promulgation of Manufacturer's Life
GENERAL COMMITTEE - 1952 Canadian Vicente , Botica Boie Bldg .
Constitution ) 30 Ayala Bldg .. Juan Luna , Manila Insurance Company- Ayala Building , Landahl John Inc.-306 co Build
May 20_Cuba ( Independence of )
Daythe PRESIDENT Juan Luna Street. ing. Escolta .
June 2—Italy ( Foundation Mr. W. Wooding Filipino Mayon Metal Windows, Leon Jose De Y Joven - 330 Regna
Republic ) Great ( Shell Co. of the P. I. Ltd. ) Pandacan .
7 -- United Kingdom of Inc. - De Jesus Street , Building . Escolta .
June
Britain and Northern Ireland ( Birth VICE -PRESIDENT Filipino Menzi & Company , Inc.- Madrigal & Co. Inc.-326 Regina
Mr. O. Schulthess P. O. Box 603, Soler , Binondo
day of King George VI ) Building , Escolta .
Thailand ( National Day ) ( F. E. Zuellig , Inc. ) American 0. E. S. & S. Company .
July 1 24- —Canada
June ( Dominion Day ) Committee on Banking Messrs .
Building. Dasmarinas
Marsman & Co. Inc.- Santa Lucia ,
July 4United States of America Chartered Bank of India , Australia & Inc --Pibbs Intramuros. Manila .
China . Street . Menzi & Co. Inc.-J. Menzi Building,
( Independence Day ) ( Independence Committee Exports
on Messrs . American Perkins , Ponce Enrile R.
5 -- Venezuela Regente .
July & Contreras - Soriano Building , Pla
Day ) ( Independence Philippine Refining
Company , Inc. , Metropolitan Insurance Company
July 9Argentina Warner Barnes & Company, Ltd. za Cervantes . 845 M. de la Industria ,
Day ) Committe on Imports Messrs . American Philippine Amusement National Development Company,
July 14 - France (Anniversary of the Theo . H. Davies & Co. Far East , Ltd. Enterprises -982- F Taft Avenue , cor
Fall of the Bastille ) Kuenzle & Streiff , Inc. , Wise & Com . ner Remedios St.
Pureza , Santa Mesa, Manila .
Pacific Exchange Corporation - 407
July 18Spain ( National Day )
July 21- Belgium ( Independence pany , Inc.
Committee on Industries Messrs .
American - Philippine Manufacturing Yutivo Building. Dasmariñas.
Company - Myers Building , Port Area . Pacific Union Insurance Company
Day ) Match Ltd. ,
August 1 - Switzerlnad ( Foundation Philippine Company , Swedish - Philippine Match Company . 212 Regina Building , Escolta .
Ltd. , Philippine Manufacturing Com Ltd.-P. O. Box 357 , Punta , Sta . Ana . Philippine Air Lines Inc. M. R. S
of Confederation )
August 10 / Ecuador ( Independence pany. Inc, American-Philippine Refining Com Building , Plaza Cervantes .
Committee on Insurance Messrs . pany , Inc.-P. O. Box 1176 , Isaac Pe
Day ) Indonesia Union Insurance Society of Canton , Ltd. Philippine Bank of Commere - State
August 17 - Republic of ral Street .
Theater Building . Rizal Ave.
Legal Committee Messrs . Ross , American- Ross . Selph . Carrascoso
( Independence Day ) Rica ; El Sal Building, Luna Philippine Engineering Corporation-
September 15 - Costa Selph, Carrascoso & Junda . & Janda - Ayala J.
vador : Guatemala ; Nicaragua ( Inde Committee on Legislation Messrs . Street . 936 Raon , Quiapo, Manila .
Ross , Selphy, Carrascoso & Janda , Philippine National Bank - Escolta ,
pendence Day )
5 - Portgugal (Proclamation Spanish - Roxas & Company -- Soria Manila .
October Shel Company of the P. I. Ltd. no Building, Plaza Cervantes . Trust Company -Plaza
Republic10) — China (Proclamation of
ofOctober Committee on Membership - Messrs . Netherl. --Royal Interocean Lines- Philippine
Smith , Bell & Company , Ltd. , F. E. Goiti , Santa Cruz .
Republic ) Marsman Building , Port Area .
November 3 - Panama ( Proclamation Committee on Mining Messrs
Filipino-San Miguel Brewery , Inc. Premier Shirts and Pants Factory
Zuellig , Inc, 130 A. Mabini , Caloocan , Rizal .
of Republic ) Surigao Consolidated Mining Company . -132 Aviles Street , San Miguel . Price Stabilization Corporation — 720
November 11-- Sweden ( Birthday of Swiss-- Schmid & Oberly , nnc.-P. () Santa Mesa .
King Gustav VI ) Inc. Box 1916 , 170 Legarda Street , Sampa
Committee on Shipping Messrs . Quisumbing , Francisco, -c /0 Dollar
November 22—Lebanon ( Independence loc .
Ext.
Day ) Taxi , Pureza
December 6 - Finland ( Poclamation May 1 -Labor Day British -Shell Company of the P. ). Reyes Florencio & Co. - 733 Asun
July 4-Independence Day Ltd.- Hongkong Bank Bldg . , Jua2 cion , Manila ,
of Independence ) Luna Street ,
Legal Holidays Of The Philippines November 13 - Election Day Ramon Publications, Roces
Roces
November 30-National Heroes Day British -- Smith , Bell & Company , Building. 1055 Soler, Ma .
January 1 -New Year's Day Ltd. --Trade Commerce Building,
December 25 - Christmas Da : & Roxas y Cia - Soriano Building , Pla
March 22-Maundy Thursday December 30- Rizal Day Juan Luna Street . za Cervantes .
March 23 - Good Friday
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 121

San Miguel Brewery Inc.-132 Aviles, Modern Pharmacal Products Co. - 888 Araneta , J. Amado-2nd Floor, Uy Diaz, Jaime B.-314 Ayala Building .
Manila
San Miguel. Rizal Ave. Chaco Building
Santa Clara Lumber Company--555 Mercury Drug Store -- 736 Bambang , Araneta , Vicente A. 343 Echague , Diaz, Luis C.-No. 7 Pazillo Z. Yang
Monserrat Enterprises Lid .-- 1338 Ar co Market
Tecsn , Tondo . Manila
St. Louis Tobacco Corp-Saiano legui. Quiapo Araneta , Victoria Lopez c/o Feati Dionisio , P. B. - 606 Rizal Ave.
Building , Plaza Cervantes . Monte De Piedad & Savings Bank Institute of Technology, Paterno Build Dizon , Jose V. P. O. Box 2588 ,
Ysmael Juan & Co. Inc. - Consoli Plaza Santa Cruz Manila
National Life Insurance Co of the ing
dated Investment Bldg . Plaza Goiti . Arcega, Raf. L. 606 Insular Life Domingo , Primitivo 13 Escolta ,
CHAPTERS
PROVINCIAL Phil .-- Regina Building, Escolta Manila
Ormoc Sugar Company - Escolta Building Echaus, Romeo R. - 420-422 Singson
Baguio Chamber of Commerce -Ba Arellano , Otilio A. -3rd Floor, Alca
Building Building , Manila
guio City . Pacific Mercantile Company-310 zar Building , Echague corner E. Cegado
Camarines Norte Chamber of Com Arrozal, Felicisimo — 621 P. Paterno , Edralin , M. A. - c / o Inter - Commercial
Nueva Manila
merce - Daet, Camarines Norte . Co. ( P.I. ) 108 Nueva 2nd Floor , Manila
Pacific Oxygen & Acetylene Co. - RI Quiapo Elizalde, Angel - c / o Elizalde Trading
Davao Filipino Chamber of Com zal Ave. Extension corner Manga Ave.
merce - 471 Clavria , Davao City . Asis , Leocadio de-c / o Delgado Corp. , 380 Tanduay, Manila
Malabon Rizal Bros. Bonifacio Drive . Elizalde , Joaquin -- c / o Dept.
Ozamis City Filipino chambe : of Pan Philippines Commercial Cop . of
Azaola , Jose - c / o Firestone Tire & Foreign Affairs .
commere - Ozamis City . 2002-2020 Shaw Boulevard , Mandalu
Chamber of Commerce of the Phil yong . Rizal Rubber Co. 701 Echague , Quiapo Elizalde , Manuel --845 M. de la in
ippines Zamboanga Chapter - Zambo . Balagtas, Jose A .-- 212 Regina Build dustria
Pascual LR & Co .-- 328 Dasmarinas ,
anga City. Manila ing . Escolta Elvina , Temistocles 620 Rizal Ave
Chamber of Commerce of the People's Surety & Insurance Cɔ . Balmaceda, Cornelio - c / o Department nue, Manila
Philippines -Lanao Chapter-City of R - 201-202 Jalandoni Bldg . 670 Dasma of Commerce & Industries, Port Area Enriquez, M. J. - C / o Philippine Book
Digan , Lanao c /o Dr. Esmeraldo Ro rinas , Manila Baluyot, Narciso M.-816 Ilaya , Ma dealers Association , 289 D. Jose
que Periquet A & Co .-- 212 Regina Build nila Espiritu , Augusto -- c / o Central Bank
MEMBERS
FIRM ing, Escolta Banas, Angel V. - c / o Manila Gun of the Phil .
Aboitiz & Co. Inc.,-Isla de Provi Permanent Concrete Products , Inc .- Store , 815 R. Avenue Estayo, Pancracio S.-705 Azcarraga ,
sor . M. de Comillas . 1055 Soler , Roces Building Banas, Antonio V. 720 Bambang , Manila
Agricom Development Co. , Inc. Philippine Electrical Manufacturing Santa Cruz Eugenio , Leonardo c / o Republic
103-109 San Rafael , Manila . Company -27 P. Domingo , Makati Barcelon , Emeterio - P . O. Box 2828 , Theater , F. Torres
A. C. Ransom Philippine Corp .--- 144 Philippine Fiber Processing Compa Manila Eugenio , Marcelo - c / o PRISCO , 720
Juan Luna , Manila . ny - 2nd Floor, Uy Chaco Building Sta . Mesa
Advertising Associates Inc.--Isla de Philippine General Mechandising Barcelona , Zosimo –Oroquieta corner
Corp - 649 Elcano . Binondo
D. Jose Eugenio , Ramon , -431 Camba , San
Provisor. M. de Comillas Barredo , Jose M. 333 Tennessee , Nicolas .
Aite Surety & Insurance Co. , Inc. Philippine Guaranty Company-- In Evangelista , Prisco N. 315 Calvo
sular Life Building Malate
121 Escolta , Manila . Barredo , Manuel - c / o Malate Taxi Building
American Goods Company --174 Da Philippine Surety & Insurance Co. ,
Inc. - 509 Dasmarinas, Manila cab & Garage Co. , Dakota , Malate Fabolla, Vicente—26 Shaw Boulevard ,
vid , Manila , Plastics, Inc.-75 Espana Extension . Mandaluyong , Rizal
Amon Trading Corporation - Bonifa Barrios , Maximo 310 Dasmariñas,
Q. City Manila Fajardo, Ester Tolosa -- 232 Carriedo,
cio Drive, Intramuros , Puerto Pueo y Cia–431 Perez , Paco . , S. G .-- 211 Cu Unj ! eng Build
Manila
Araneta J. Amado & Co.- 2nd Floor Batac
Manila Fajardo, Lorenzo B.- 427 Sales . Ma
Uy Chaco Building. ing nila
Associated Sugar Inc.-2nd Floor , Provident Insuance Company - Regi Batacan , Leonidez Al-P . O. Box 1814 ,
Faustino , Eduvigis912 Clavel , Manila
na Building. Escolta Manila
Uy Chaco Building . Puyat Gonzalo Sons Inc.- 190 Feliciano , Jose B. - 220 Requesens ,
Ayala y Cia -- Ayala Building. Rodriguez Arias, S. Miguel Bayan , Sergio c/o Mayon Metal Manila
Bacolod Murcia Milling Co. Inc. Windows , Inc., Jesus, Pandacan , Ma
Rehabilitation Finance Corporation Feliciano, Pablo - 1338 Rizal Avenue
Bacolod , Occ . Negros. PNB Building, Escolta nila Felizardo, Manuel - c / o Superior Gas
Bank of the Philippine Islands Republic Surety & Insurance Co. , Bautista , Amado N.-c / o Manila
Plaza Cervantes, Manila .
& Acetylene Equip . Co., 6 Byng. Man
Inc.--Koh Bldg . , Plaza St. Cruz , Railroad Company. daluyong
Bay View Hotel-Isaac Peral , Rio & Olabarrieta - 703 San Fernando. Bautista , Jacinto-c/o Manila Rail
CRS Trading Phil .) Inc.- € / o Manila road Co.
Fernandez , Carlos ,-c / o Fernandez
Chamber of Commerce of the Phil . Hnos . 109 J. Luna .
Romago Electric Co. , Inc-937 Ong Beltran , Rafael - C / 0 Elizade & Co. , Fernandez , Jose P .-- 109 Juan Luna ,
Bldg . Magallares Drive . Inc. 845 M. de la Industria
Cebu Cement Company
Portland pin . Manila
San Pablo Oil Factory - San Pablo Benitez , Conrado 4th Floor, State Fischer, H. A. - 465 Leveriza, Pasay
Pilot's Building, Madrid . City , Laguna
Central Azucarera Lel Danao 2nd Theater Annex , Rizal Avenue Floirendo , Antonio P. O. Box 285
Saura Import & Export Co , Inc Berroya , E. G. 406 China Bank Davao City
Fioor, Uy Chaco Building . 848 Gov. Forbes , Manila
Central Commercial Company - 13 Sharp C F & Co. Inc. - Insular Life Building P. O. Box 2058 Flores , Jose M. (Honorary ) -- Agana,
David . Manila . Building Borja , Joaquin 405 Tejeron , Sta . Guam , Mariana Island - U.S.A .
Ceramic Industries of the Philip Shell Craft & Button Corp.-- 114 Ana , Manila Floro , Exequiel R-221 Natividad
pines - 201 Aduana , Intramuros, Mani . Beata Bosque , M. G .--913 R. Hidalgo, Ma Building , T. Pinpin
la . nila Meycawayan ,
Sta . Cecilia Sawmills. Inc.-- El Hogar VI
Floro , Tiburcio D.
Clarecilla Radio Systen - Magalla • Brias Roxas , Mariaro - 404 San Bulacan
Filipino Bldg . cente , Manila
nes Drive , Manila . Suaco , A T & Co. , Ltd .-- 2100 Rizal Francisco , Agapito 43 Plaza del
Cliquot Club Bottling Co. -216 Re Avenue, Manila Britanico , Eliodoro ---Bulan , Sorsogon Carmen
gina Building. Escolta ., Quirino Ave. Talisay - Silay Milling Co. , Inc.-- Ta Brizuela , Cipriano_824 O'Donnell Francisco , Permin-c/o Luzon Steve
Parañaque , Rizal lisay Negros Occ . Buenaseda, Francisco U. - 722 Legar doring Co. , Port Area
Commonwealth Insurance Company Traders Union Inc .-- 121 Escolta . da , Manila Franco, Francisco D. - R - 304 Mariti
-Soriano Building. Manila Buencamino , Victor-225 Concepcion , ma Building , 121 Dasmariñas, Manila
Davao Chamber of Commerce - Da Union Surety & Insurance Co. , Inc. Manila Fugoso, Valeriano - 1876 Pedro Gue
vao City . --2nd Floor Metropolitan Theater Briones , Aurelio G - c / o 2501 Ma vara
Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu Iron Bldg . , Manila nuguid . Gabriel, Vicente D. - Ground Floor
Works - Tacoma & 2nd Streets. Port United Syndicate, Inc.-- 121 Escolta Cabarrus, Jesus S.-c /o Elizalde Chamber of Com . Bldg . , Magallanes
Area . Veloso Bros. Ltd.-Pier 8. North Co. , Inc, 845 M. de la Industria Drive
EI Ahorro Insular - 543 San Vicente , Harbor Caguiat, Enrique- 603 Trade & Com
Manila White House Shoe ' Palace--51 Escolta Galan , Luis B. - 606 Filipinas Build -
Zuellig F E Inc .-- 55 Rosato merce Bldg . ing
Far Eastern Surety & Insurance Co. Calanoc , Cesario P. 121 Escolta
--181 David . Campos Rueda & Sons, Inc .-- 421 Galang , S.M -- R - 309 Alberto Build
Manila ing . Rizal Ave.
Farmacia Oro - 678 Rizal Avenue . 427 Juan Luna
United Distributing Cop . ( Francis Calero , F.-3rd Floor , Filipinas Bldg . Garcia , Adolfo Perez de Tagle - 48
Filipinas Compania de Seguros Dept. Stoe )-499 Dasmarinas, Manila Cammayo , Esteban G. 1240 Rizal Sta . Scholastica , Pasay
Filipinas Building . Modern Pharmacal Prod . Co.- 888 Avenue Garcia , Alberto V. 670 Limjoco
Filipino Retail Druggist Assn.- c /o Rizal Ave. Campos, Antonio Jose -- 2205 Azcar
Building , Dasmariñas
Raf . S. Pangilinan , 1443 Narra . ACTIVE INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS raga , Manila
Financing Corporation of the Fhil Garcia , Consuelo S. - c / o Bulakena
ippines - 2nd Floor, Uy Chaco Build Antenorcruz , Andres - c / o Gabriel Campos, Miguel- c / o Phil . American Restaurant, 825 F. B. Harrison , Rizal
Travel Agency , Chamber of Com . of Gen. Insurance , 5th Floor, Wilson Garcia , E. Voltaire
Ing . 425 Samanillo
Fortunato Concepcion Inc. - 2002 the Phil . Bldg . Building Bldg . , Escolta
2020 Shaw Boulevard , Mandaluyong Ablaza, Luis-C / O Monte de Piedad Campos , Ramon F.-P. O. Box 1898 , Garcia , Eusebio S. 205 Natividad
Rizal . & Savings Bank Manila Building, Escolta
Ablaza , Luis G.- 853 Folgueras, Ton Cancio, Manuel Y. Co Goodwill Garcia, Felipe - 683 Ilaya , Tondo
Gabriel
& Co. , Inc. - Magallanes do
Drive .
Intramuros. Trading Co., Inc. Garcia , Primitivo - 829 Rizal Avenue
Abad , Martiniano G. -310 Dasmari Cano , Emilio 2324 O'Donnell St. , Manila
Genato Commercial Corp — 1075 R. nas , Manila Sta . Cruz , Manila
Hidalgo . Abraham , Santiago C. - C / O Ajax In Garrido , Jose - c / o Republic Photo
Gamboa , Rodriguez , Rivera & Co. ternational Corp. Metropolitan Theater Carlos, Gil - Regina Bldg . , Escolta Engraving Co. 1029 R. Hidalgo
Inc - 336 Regina Bldg . Carlos, Juan J. - C / o United Con Gaskell, Luis c/o Manila Lighter
Bldg .
General Industrial Corporation Abes . Alfredo - c / o Aurora & Co., struction Co. 612 San Marcelino Transportation 3rd Floor, Trade
2nd Ficor, Uy Chaco Building . 748 Folgueras Caro , Ramon - 116 P. Faura, Manila Commerce Building
General Shipping Company Inc.- Acebedo , F. - 428 Rizal Ave. Castañeda , Constancio - c / o Central Geronimo, Carlos c/o El Porvenir
400 M. de la Industria . Adia , Angel R .-- clo Oceanic Com Surety & Insurance Co. , Burke Build Rubber Product 3rd Ave. Grace Park .
Gutierrez Hermanos - 408 wooban ,
mercial Company 89 Escolta . ing Caloocan
Paco. Castillo, Loreto - 264 Quezon Boule
Adriano , F. T.-C / o San Miguel Bre Goldenberg , Michael- 145 Gral. So
Hoskins CM & Co. Inc-- 185 David . wery, Aviles . vard lano, P. O. Box 1421
Manila , Castro , Anastacio D .-- 194 F. Roxas,
Aduna , Alejandro — 433 Piy Margal , Gomba & Hermosura , Inc. - 541 Cal
Ideal Theater - Rizal Avenue, Manila . San Juan , Rizal vo Building , Escolta
Industrial Engineering & manage Sampaloc
Agrava , Federico - Jalandoni Bldg . Castro, Jose - Calvo Building . Escolta Gonzales, Amado M.-R-21 Metropo .
ment Corporation - 13th St. , Port Area . 670 Dasmarinas . Celis, Albino M.- c / o Norton & Har litan Theater, Plaza Lawton
Insular Life Assurance Co. Ltd - In
Aguinaldo, Daniel R. - c / o Aguinaldo rison , Co. Gonzales , C. S .-- 201 Cu Unjieng
sular Life Building.
International Importers Inc.-178 Brothers Co. , Inc. 881 - E Rizal Avenue Certeza , Timoteo - 301 De Leon Bldg . , Building, Annex T. Pinpin
Aguirre , Apolonio S. 7 Baldwin , Roan corner Rizal Avenue Gonzales , Antonio F. c/o Insular
David, Manila . Chanco, Felipe V .-- 323 Calvo Build
Manila Life Assurance Co. 2nd Floor Insular
Lexal Laboratories - 1121 Rizal Ave. Alas , Antonio de las Marsman & ing, Escolta Life Bldg.
Lissar y Cia-2nd Floor , Uy Chaco Company , Inc. , Sta . Lucia and Anda, Cloma, Tomas - 244 David , Escolta
Building
Manila Colcol , Moises - 878 Rizal Avenue
Gonzales , Rafael ,-7630 Legarda c /o
Litton & Co. Inc. -540 Juan Luna , Pangasinan Trans. Com .
Manila . Alvero, Fredesvindo S. c/o F. S. Coloma , Benjamin S. - 2068 Azcarraga Gonzalez, Lucia Vda . de - 881 Kundi
Luzon Industrial Corporation -- 2nd Alvero Metal work Coquia , Florencio R -C /o Hercules man , Sampaloc .
Floor, Uy Chaco Building . Alberto , Zoilo - 2nd Floor, Singson Commercial Co. , 821 R. Ave. Gregorio, Julio - c / o Knox Shoe Fac
Luzon Stevedoring Company Inc. Building Cornelio, Mateo C. -C/o Luzon Bro tory , 200 N. Domingo , San Juan
Derham Building, Port Area Alip , Eufronio M.-1869 Azcarraga kerage Company, Port Area Gregorio , Quirino State Theater
Luzon Sugar Company-- 218 Regina Alvarez , Jose A. - Roxas City , Capiz Corominas, Jose , Jr.-MRS Building Bldg . Annex Rizal Avenue , Manila
Building, Escolta . Alvir, Jose C.536 Sta . Mesa Cortez , Claro - 1034 Real , Parañaque . Guballa , Francisco c/o Social &
Luzon Surety Company, Inc ..-- 2nd Angeles, Juan J.-950 Colorado . Er Rizal Commercial Press R. Hidalgo corner
mita Cosio, Rogaciano A ,-603 Ilaya , Tondo Carcer
Floor, Uy Chaco Building. Angeles, Marciano S. c/o Insular Gonzalos , Rafael J.-P. O. Box 466 ,
M. de Lara & Co .-- 29 Laong - Laan . Cruz, Castor P .-- 210 Juan Luna
Quezon City Sugar Refining Corp. , Pureza , Santa Cruz Santiago F. de la Gen. Mgr . , Manila
Machinery & Engineering Supplies Mesa PRISCO . Guevara , Domingo M. c/o Radio
670 Dasmariñas, Manila . Angeles , Servando - c / o Liberty Press , Cunanan , Joaquin C ; 0 White & wealth , In., 317 Raon
Manila Blue Printing Company 313 Barbosa Page , CPA Moserco Bldg . , 3th Port Gutierrez, Faustino P .-- c / o Gutson
832 Arlegui , Quiapo . Antolin , Crispulo B. 12 Tejeros, Area Jewelry, 430 Evangelista
Manila Hotel company - Luneta Makati Cuyugan , J. D. - c ;' o Acoje Mining Gutierrez , Lino - c / o Commercio de
Manila Surety & Fidelity Co., Inc. Aquino, Alfredo 319 P. Campa Company, 311 Ayala Bulding Filipinas, 1349 Rizal Avenue
Monte de Piedad Building , Plaza Santa Aquino, Aurelio B.-185 David Dalupan , Francisco - c / o Univer Guzman , Aquilino de - c / o Provident
Cuz, Manila sity of the East . Insurance Company, 306 Regina Dulid
Marcelo Nibber & Latex Podicts Arabejo, Macario - Arabejo Building ,
Quezon Boulevard Delgado , Francisco_Delgado Build - ing , Escolta
Inc. O Bonifacio , Malabon , Rizal ing , Bonifacio Drive Guzman , Cecilio A. de - R - 316 Regina
Marvex Commercial Company Arambulo , Miguel 709 Bambang ,
Inc. Building , Escolta
548 Quezon Boulevard Santa Cruz Delgado , Antonio C. - Delgado Build
Manila Machinery & Arambulo , Primo 236 Moriones, ing, Bonifacio Drive Guzman , Jose J. De - c / o Fernandez
Supply Co.-- 233 Building, 51 Escolta
David, Tondo Dellosa . Ireneo D. -909 Raon, Manila
 122 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Guzman , Pastor L. de-437-39 Mi- Mapua , Tomas - c / o Mapua Institute Po , Joaquin --c / o Popular Book Store
sericordia , Manila Sibal , Ernnesto - c / o Alemar's . 749
Technology, 898 D. Joso .
Guzman . Remegio de-- 126 Karapa- of Malaban an , Apolonio --- 123Avenue
823 Rizal Juan Lu- Portillo, Ricardo Co Portillo Seat Rizal Avenue
Silva , Pablo M.-931 Ayala
tan , Sta . Cruz na . Cover Factory , 417 A. Mabini
Halili , Rufino-c/ o Far Easteri : Dis- Maramba , Felix D .--c / o Land Settle- Sison , Juan A - 3rd Floor , Pre
Prado , Domingo - Co Demerto Book cilla Building , Rizal Avenue , corner
tributors , 424 Platerias ment Development Co. , Purcza , Sta . Supply , 2116 Azcarraga Ronquillo
Hermoso , Ricardo - Meycauayan , Bu- Mesa Pritchard , Tom--720 Sta . Mesa SyCip , John Z. - 201 Rosario St.
lacan
Martinez, Felicisimo (" ; o Legarda Pujalto, Luis A. - 430 Tad :lay, Ma Suarez, Emilio A. - C / E AS Cons
Hermoso, Vicente - Meycauay:ll, Bu- Bakery , 240 Legarda nila truction Co El Hogar Filipino Bldg .
lacan Martinez , Roberto 2/ National Purugganan Teo - c ! o NEPA CCP Syjuco , Santiago - c / o Clicquot Club
Henares , Hilarion G. 217 Aurora , Printing Company , 728 Lepanto Bldg ., Magallanes Drive , Bottling Co. , Quirino Ave. Paranaque
Rizal City Mathay , Ismael-150 Epaña , Manila Puyat , Gil J.- C / o Gonzalo Puyat & Sison , Natalia L. ( Mrs . ) - c / o Kapit
Hernandez , Jaime-316 Regina Build- Mazur , Louis - c / o Walk - Over Bar- Sons , Inc. 190 Rodriguez Arias , San Bahay Restaurant Dewey Blvd. & Pa
ing . Escolta gain Basement, Regina Bulding, Es- Miguel dre Faura
Hernandez , Lorenzo_672 Rizal Are . colta Pfloider , Williem C. -205 Escolta , Taguba , Pedro A.-342 Karapatan .
Hilario, Isabeia - Bayambang , Panga- Marquez, Manuel J. - c / o Phil. Na- Manila . SyYap, Angel,-Natividad Bldg .
sinan tional Bank Escolta .
Querubin , Petra Arquero de -C'O
Hizon , Rafael -c / o Hizon Laborato- Mascarinas , Gaudencio - 1460 Narra , Manila Hotel Lobby , Luneta Talavera Teofilo - Cabanatuan , Nue
ries, 166 Doroteo Jose Tondo , Manila Quirino , Aloil A. G. -c / o Alto Surety va Ecija
Huerto , Jose—222 - B Regina Building , Medrano, Ben R .-- c / o De La Roma & Insurance Co. , Inc. 121 Escolta Tanchanco , Felix -- c / o Pacific Un
Escolta Steamship Co. , Singson Building Quirino , Antonio - C / O Alto Surety ion Insurance Co. 212 Regina Build
Ildefonso , Lucio R. - R - 304 Jalandoni Meer, Bibiano L. 303-300 Singson & Insurance Co. , Inc. 121 Escolta ul . Escolta
Bldg . , Manila Bldg . , Manila Vigan , Tan Götuo , Pablo de Jesus - 1014
Quirino, Eliseo Governor ,
Isip , Amando B .-- South St. , Que- Mendoza , Efren V. - 431-433 Ronquil Ilocos Sur Rizal Avenue
Ext . , Q C. lo, Manila Quisumbing. Norberto - c / o Pan
Tantoco . Hilarion - Maritima Build
zon Blvd.
Jacinto, Fernando c/o Secuirty Mendoza , Leonardo D. 47 Tecson . Oriental Shipping Co , 266 Juan Luna ing, Dasmarinas
Bank & Trust Co. , Consolidated In- Tondo , Manila Ramirez , Ruben R.-Legaspi City Tavanlar , E. J.-C /o National Uni
vestment Bldg . , Plaza Goiti , Manila Mendoza , Juan L.-P.M. Haberdash- Ramos , Emerito - 502-506 Samanillo versity , 285 Lipa , Sampaloc
Jacinto, Hermogenes c / o Jacinto ery, Quezon Blvd. Bldg .. Escolca Tayag , Francisco M.- Sibul Springs .
Rubber & Plastics Co. , 5th Avenue , Menzi, H. M.- c / o Menzi & Co. , J. Ramos , Jose T. - c / o National Book San Miguel , Bulancan
Grace Park M Menzi Bldg . , Soler & R. Regente Store , 079 Rizal Avenue Teehankee , Jose Jr.-- c /oFarmacia
Jacinto , Jesus P. - c / o Security Bank Mercado, Daniel Burke Building, Central, Rosario
Raymundo, C. J. - 406 Juan Luna Bautista - c / o
Investment Co. Consolidated In- David Razon ,
Bob --- 881 Rizal Avenue
Tongco , Gregorio
vestment Bldg . , Plaza Goiti, Manila Miranda , Generoso 404 España , Standard Vacuum & Oil Co. 500 Tan
Razon , Jose--c / o Roxas y Cia . Eth duay
Jacinto , Jose C. -Sipocot , Camarines Manila Floor, Soriano Building
Norte Miranda , Paterno - Cu Unjie3 Bldg . Rebullida, Rafael - 51 Esculta , Ma Teodoro , Pedro E. - 442 Regina Bldg.
Jacinto , Melecio - 342 San Lazaro Annex , 8 Martinez, Sta . Cruz, Manila nila Teodoro , Toribio — c / o " Ang Tibay, '
Javellana , Manuel A.-P. O. Box 265 , Miranda , Sampedro, Paulino Grace Park , Caloocan , Rizal
c/ o Reyes , Angel - c / o C. A. Roxas & Teodoro Toribia " Ang Tibay "
Bacolod City Phil . Net & Braid Mfg . Co. , 1236 AX- Co., Gibbs Bldg . , Dasmarinas
Joe , Pablo - c / o Joe's Trading, 133 carraga Grace Park , Caloocan , Rizal
Reyes , Antonio Z .-- c / o Narciso Re Tiaoqui, Jose S. -1121 Carolina ,
Plaza Sta . Cruz Model , L.-P. O. Box 1173 , Manila yes Inc., Cu Unjieng Bldg. Malate
Jose , Guillermo - 2nd Floor, Guison
Reyes , Aurelio P. -c / o A. P. Reyes
Montilla , Enrique J. C. - 86 Quirino Tionloc , Ildefonso - Maritima Build
Bldg . , 106 Muelle de Binondo, Manila Ave. , Paranaque . Optical Co. Raon and Sales
Jove , Agustin Freixas-211 Carriedo Montinola, Enrique P. 517 Isabel , ing , Dasmarinas
Reyes , Clemente- C / O Phil . Auto Tiosejo , Dominador - c / o Superior
. Juan , Juan P.- 1351 General Luna Sampaloc
Supply , 1233 R. Avenue Gas & Equipment Corp. , 6 Byng .
Jesus , Manuel F.-212 Regina Bidg . , Muñoz , Demetrio A. 1666 General
Reyes , Dominador N. - 406 Misericor Mandaluyong
Escolta Luna , Paco dia
Kairuz , Miguel - c / o Kairuz Bros. , 121 Mundo , Anacleto del-520 Rizal Ave Tiosejo , Jose , -c / o Superior Gas &
Escolta nue , Manila Reyes , Francisco , P. --c / o Reyes Equipt . Co., 6 Byrg , Mandaluyong.
Kalaw , Pura Villanueva 181 M. Nabong, A. L.-230 Dasmariñas, Ma Bros. Optical Co. , 702 Rizal Ave. Torres , Jose -- 316 Consolidated In
nila Reyes. Geronimo de los-c / o United vestment Bldg .
Roxas , Parañaque , Rizal Trinidad , S. P. - 1056 Soler-P.O .
Kalaw , Teodoro , Jr.-- 1018 Soler , Ma Nabong, Ireneo L. 4th Floor, Uy Syndicate, Inc.
Reyes, Hermenigildo R. - 426 Regina Box 693
nila Chaco Building , Plaza Cervantes, a
Tuason , Manuel N.-c/oCeramic
Katigbak , Evelina Kalaw_711 Center nila Building , Escolta
Reyes , Mariano M. de los--- 653 Sales Industries of the Phil . 207 Cabildo
Theater Bldg . , Quezon Blvd. Nakpil , Juan--615 Dakota , Manila Reyes , Teofilo - Triple A. Battery Co. Unson , Casto C .-- 193 Espana , Ma
Katigbak , Jose R.4541 Rizal Ave. Nava, G. P. - 410 Samanillo Build- 307 Quezon Blvd. Ext . , Q. C. nila
Kaufmann , Julius_c / o Menzi & Co. , ing , Escolta Reyes, Tirso T. - c / o Malolos Trading Valdez , Emiliano J. - 131 -B Apo ,
Inc. , 183 Soler corner R. Regente Naval , Emilio M. - Balanga , Bataan & Investment Corp. Trade & Com Sta Mesa Heights , Q.C.
Lacuna , -1402 Rizal Avenue,
Romeo Navarro, Anacleto P. R -311 Great merce Bldg . Valdes , Emilio J.- 511 Dasmarinas ,
Santa Cruz Eastern Hotel Manila
Riu , Juan- 130 T. Pinpin
Lacuna , Salvador B .-- R -21 Metropo- Nazario, Cesario G.-428 Dasınariñas, Valdes , L. J. - c / o La Prevoedera ,
litan Theater Bldg . , Plaza Lawton , Manila Rivera , Domingo -- 210 Pordigon, Pa 323 Carriedo
со
Manila Nori, Gilberto Villonco Building , Vargas , Jorge B. -Kawilihan , Man
Rivera , Laureano Ma . - 413 Merce daluyong .
Lagdameo , Ernesto G. c/o United Quezon Boulevard des Bldg Quiapo.
Syndicate , Inc. , Escolta Nicolas , Francisco J .--c / o NICFUR Varias , Antonio - c / o C.M. Hoskins
Furniture Store, 1634 Rizal Avenue Roa , Emeterio — c / o Insular Life As & Co. , Inc. 185 David , Manila
Lagman, Regorio - C / o Keepsake Op surance Co., Ltd. Insular Life Build
Nicolas, Ricardo G. – 603 Magdalena , Vasquez , Gonzalo D.-c / o Vasquez
tical , 37 Escolta ing
Lamagna , Mauro - c / o Baltex Com Manila Trading Company 5th Floor, Samanil
Roces, Rafael c / o Roces Hermanos , lo Building
mercial Company, 4th Floor, Maritina Noguera , Marcial - 504 Taft Avenue, Ideal Theater
Bldg . Manila Vasquez , Pedro -- c / o Vasquez Bros.
Rodrigo, Francisco A. - 441 Regina & Co., Inc. 740 R. Hidalgo , Quiapo
Lansang Amado S. - C / O Peter Paul Ocampo, Delfin Santos - 20 Gomez , Building , Escolta
Phil . Corp. , 1339 Oregon , Manila . Addition Hills, San Juan Velayo , Alfredo — 502 Trade & Com
Rodriguez, Eulogio Jr .-- c/o Luzon merce Building
Lanuza , Jose R. - 347 Juan Luna Ocampo, Fernando - Calvo Buiiding , Surety Co. , 180 David Vera , Tomas de - Pasay Really 32
Laperal , Roberto - 851 Rizal Avenue , Escolta
Rodriguez, Saturnino - 1114 M. HI Escolta , Manila
Manila Olbes, Jose Ma .-c/o Phil. Guaranty zon , Manila . Vergel de Dios , Ermolo - 1004 Taft
Lazatin , Francisco — c / o Star Theater, Company , 2nd Floor, Insular Life Bldg . Rojas , Filadelfo S.-1114 M. Hizon .
Avenue , Malate
Azcarraga Olizon , Francisco S. - 605 Azcarraga Rosales, Wenceslao - 3rd . Floor, Fe Vidad , Lorenzo - c / o Agvid Cons
Lauchengco , Jose - c / o Samanillo Ollada , Felipe-506 China Bank Bldg. lomena Bldg . , Magallanes , Cebu City truction Works 1519 Milagros . Sta .
Bldg . Escolta . Ongoco , Felix M. 522 San Pedro , Rosario , Alfonso . del c/o La Sor Cruz
Ledesma, Pacifico - Ayala Building Davao City piente Cigar & Cigarette Manufac
Legarda , Benito c/o La Rosario Villalon , Genevova S .-- 215 Escolta
Ordoveza , Ramon C.-c/ o Carmelo & turing Co. Inc. , 141 ( . Goro . Sampa Building - 46 Escolta
Wine Manufacturers, 1011 R. Hidalgo , Bauermann , 2057 Azcarraga loc, Manila Villanueva , Baltazar - c / o Metropo
Manila Orosa , Jose R. - 1003 Taft Avenue
Legarda , Vicente L. 622 Colorado Rosario , Domingo de! -R - 205 Vicer litan Theatre , Plaza Lawton , Manila
Orosa , Jose Y. - c / o H. E. Heacock , Villanueva , Felicidad M. de - c / o
corner Herran 605 Dasmariñas te Building, 114 Nueva
Lovino, Hyman M. c / o Bachrach Rosario, Fidel V. del -- 140 13th st . , Metropolitan Theatre , Plaza Lawton ,
Ortañez , Jovencio 401 San Vicente Manila
Port Area , Manila
Motor Company , Port Area Ortigas, Miguel A .-- c / o Filipinas Cia Rosario , Ramon V. del c /o Interna Villanueva , German - c / o Viltra
Leviste , Lauro P. - 2nd Floor , Nati- de Seguros, Filipinas Building tional Business Machines Regina Trading Company 757 - A Tayabas ,
vidad Building , Escolta , Manila Ortiz, Victorio — c / o La Higieno, 142 Santa Cruz
Mendoza Building , Escolta
Lim, Manuel - c / o Phil . Oil Develop Villanueva , Marciano -- 333 Libertad ,
ment Co. 5th Floor , Soriano Bldg . Ossorio , Miguel J. c/o Victorias Roxas , Jose - 261 Mayhaligue . Pasay
Lim , Valentin R. c/o Consolacion Milling Co. , Inc. , 208 Ayala Building Rufino , Vicente - 4th floor , State Villanueva , Roberto -c/o Marila
Shirt Factory , 519 Azcarraga . Osmena , Sergio Jr.-Provincial Ca Theater Building Rizal Avenue Chronicle , Aduana, Manila
1021 Rizal Avenue , pital , Cebu City. Rustia , Manuel S. -Trade & Com - Villanueva , Vicente Felix
1936
Lim , Teodoro
Pacquing, Carmen B. - 105 Vallejo , merce Building, J. Luna Huertas , Santa Cruz
Manila
Limjoco , Angel T.- 670 Dasmariñas, Santol , Sta . Mesa . Sabalvaro, Vicente - c / o Marsman & Villar, Luis - c / o L. R. Villar , Cal
Manila Padilla , Leonardo C. - 202 Consolidat Co. , Inc. Sta . Lucia , Intramuros vo Building
Liwag , Ignacio, H.-525 Azcarraga . ed Investment Bldg . , P. Colti , Manila Salazar , Mariano S.-417 Sales , Qula
Limpo, J. V. - 203 Juan Luna , Manila Padua , Eugenio -- c / o Phil . Engineer po
Villonco , Romeo - c / o Villonco Build
ing , Quezon Blvd.
Liwanag, Pio - c / o Liwanag Fashion ing Corp. , 936 Raon , Quiapo Salcedo , Felix -- 2131 Azcarraga , Ma Wolff, Thomas J. - c / o Sanitary
Academy, corner Carriedo & E. Cezado Padua, Manuel - c / o Clavecilia Radio Manila Steam Laundry 908 Arlegui , Quiapo
Lolorga , Enrique A. c/o National System , Chamber of Commerce Bldg ., Salcedo , Filemon-766 Folgueros, Yabut, Geminiano - 220 Consolidate
Radio School , Sales & Ronquillo. Ma Magallanes Drive , Manila nila Investment Bldg . , Plaza Goiti , Ma
nila Pagaduan , Ramon 777 Echague , Sanchez , Modestoc/ o The Preser nila
.Quiapo ver Shoes Co. , 1209 Otis , Pandacan . Yadao . Monico G - c /o U.S.T. Co
Lopa , Manuel - c / o Manilal Auto Sup Palarca . Jose - c / o Central Institute Sandico , Carlos - c / o Sandico Rico operative , Univ . of Sto. Tomas .
ply. 1054 Rizai Avenue Yao Shiong Shio The Cathay Co. ,
Lopez , Francisco R. c/o National of Technology , Quezon Boulevard Mills, Angeles , Pampanga
544 P. Paredes 316 Nueva
Development Co. , Pureza , Santa Mesa Palomo , Gaudencio - 1619 Azcarrega , Sangalang , Martin - 446 Raon . Santa
Lopez , Francisco T. - c / o General Cruz Yatco , Jose B.- 103 Escolta . Manila
Manila Yrezabal , Eduardo- c / o Elizalde &
Investment company , 99 Building , Das Sanidad , Prospero C. -Singson Bldg .
mariñas Pangilinan , Rafael S. c /o Rafor's Plaza Moraga . Co. , Inc. 815 M. de la Industria
Lopez , Luciano M.-772-774 Folgue Drug & Co. , 1443 Narra
Pascual, Apolonio - 2 Real , Paraña-
San Pablo , Tirso-201 Garcia Build Yu Chongco , Enrique T. - c / o China
ras , Manila ing , 620 Rizal Ave. Insurance & Surety Co. 166 Rosario .
que , Rizal Manila
Lorenzana , F. c /o Lorenzana &
Pascual , Emeteria - P . O. Box 2160 Sta . Maria , Enrique -- 201 Garcia
Sons, 480 J. Luna Yupangco , Graciano -c /o F. Yu
Manila or 603 Trade & Commerce Bldg . Bldg. Rizal Ave.
Lorenzo , Cesar - c / o Central Bank Santiago, Ciriaco A.-c / o Hermoso pangco & Sons , Bonifacio Drive , Port
of the Philippines Pascual, Ernesto (Atty . )R- Garcia Area
Bldg . , Rizal Ave. , Manila Drug Store , 646 Tabora
Lorenzo , Jovino S. - c / o Pacific Union Santos, Alvaro - c / o Sea View Hotel , Zabala , Jose T .-- 16 Gomez , Dagu
Paras , Mariano M. 534 Herbosa , pan City
Insurance Co. , 212 Regina Building, Tondo 1144 Dewey Boulevard
Escolta Santos , Augusto A. --c / o Rizai Sure Zalame2 , Enrique J. - 2247 Azcar
Pellicer , Manuel-564 T. Pinpin cor Insurance raga , Manila
Luna , Restituto 212 Regina Big.. ner Ongpin ty & Co. Gibbs Building
Escolta Pendleton , Morris B. ( Honorary Dasmarinas Zamora , Crispulo Sons- ( E. Dan Za
Mabanta , Roman - 325 P. Campa c / o Plomb Tool Company Santos , Demetrio S .-- 305 Samanillo mora )423
- Sales, Manila
Building , Escolta Zamora , Jose T. - c / o Golden Taxi
Magsino, Apolonio Tanauan, Ba- Los Aneles 54 , California
Cab , 74 Plaza Dilao , Paco
tangas Perez, Emilano M.- 317 Carriedo Santos, Eusebio G. c/o Globe Wire
less China Bank Bldg . Zamora . Vicente - 434 Ronquillo , Sta .
Mallari , Francisco c/ o Kiko Auto Periquet, Aurelio - c / o Pacfic Union Santos Diaz , Jose A. -93 Lourdes. Cruz
Supply, 1007 Rizal Ave. Insurance Co. , 212 Regina Building.
Pasay City Zialcita, Benigno Jr.-P.O. Box 1814 ,
Manese , Rosario - 178 P. Rada . Escolta . Sanvictores, Jose G. - 668-672 Sales Manila
Manlapit , Guillermo - 205 Maritima Porlas , Jesus C. Metropolitan
c /o cor . Soler Zorilla , Leandro .-- c / o Pharmaceuti
Building Water District Arroceros , Manila , Sarangaya , Pablo M 769 Ilaya , cal Department Ed . Keller & Co. , Ltd.
Manotok , Rufinoc/o Phil . Nation- Picacho, Ceferin ? M .--c / o Bookman , Manila 178 Juan Luna
al Bank , Escolta Inc. , 223 Azcarraga Segarra . Dionisio S. - c / o C.N.S. Zerda , V. M. Fortich - c / o Agencia
Mapa , Cirilo 436 Camarines , Sta . Pineda , Alberto C. c / o Manila Plum . Store , Colon , Cebu City de Empenos de R. S. Zerda , 234 Le
Cruz hing Supply, 504-506 Azcarraga . Serrano, Antonio V - Cebu City garda , Manila
 -
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 123
Industries 3. Standard Chemical Products- XIX . Gas nila -- Tel . 6-61-35-Factory : 20 Maria
1337 Makata . Sta . Cruz, Manila 1. Inter - Island Gas Service Co.- Clara cor . Iba , Quezon City
Philippine Chamber of Industries X. Cigarettes Second Street Port Area- Tel . 3-34-10 . Vicente Zamora & Sons - 434 Ronqui
Samanillo Bldg . Manila 1. Compania Gral , de Tabacos de 2. Overseas Gas Corporation- 4th llo, Quiapo , Manila - Tei. 3-28-05
OFFICERS : Filipinas ( Tabacalera ) -- 212 Niarquez Ave., Grace Park-Tel . 2-67-74 & 2- XXXIII. MINES
Jose Marcelo --President, Marcelo
P. de Comillas , Manila --Tel . 3-22-91. 68-87 Allied Mineral Company- 186 Medel,
2. Muller & Phipps Mfg . Corp.-P. 3. Pacific Oxygen & Acetylene Co. Santa Ana - Tel . 3-33-11
Rubber & Latex Products , Inc. , Mala 0. Box 950 Bonifacio Drive, Port Area , --Rizal Ave. Ext.- Tel . 20-102 . Moll Enterprises - 3rd Floor Regina
pon , Rizal - Tel. 20-656 or 683 4. Superior Gas & Equipment Co .-- Bldg . , Escolta, Manila
Manila - Tel. 3-34-01 .
Hilarion G. Henares Exec . Vice 3. St. Louis Tabacco Corp. - Cla- Byng , Mandaluyon , Rizal -Tel . 6-61- XXXIV . MOTION PICTURES
President, H. G. Henares & Sons, 217 vel Corner Barcelona , Binondo. Ma- 02 & 6-75-29 . E. V. Mendoza & Co. - 431 Ronquillo ,
Aurora , Pasay City --- Tel. 5-18-80 nila - Tel. 2-70-53 . XX . Glass Sta . Cruz , Manila - Tel. 3-27-29
4. U.S. Tobacco Corporation - 24th 1. Acebedo Optical Co. - 424 Estero Rafael Anton : Lebran , Inc.-20 Sta.
Sergio Bayan 2nd Vice President , Street cor . Boston St. , Port Area , Ma- Cegado-Tel . 3-33-52 . Mesa , Manila-- Tel. 6-74-40
Mayon Metal Windows , Inc. , Jesus St. , nila - Tel. 2-85-51. 2. Philippine Glass Service - 892 Ri- XXXV . PACKING
Pandacan , Manila- Tel. 6-76-86
XI Drugs & Cosmetics zal Avenue, Manila - Tel. 2-73-02 . Pacific Manufacturing & Packing Co.
E. Voltaire Garcia-Executive Sec . & 1. Cromwell Commercial Co. , Ir.c. 3. Dizon & Sons Glass Works -- 542 515 T. Alonso , Manila
Legal Counsel Polo , Bulacan - Tel. 20-571 . Evangelista , Quiapo . Pan - Oriental Packing_Co .-- 265 Juan
Toribio Teodoro Treasurer , Ang 2. Lexa Laboratories-- 1121 Rizal 4. Aguila Glass Co. - 1539 Azcarraga , Luna, Tondo, Manila - Tel. 2-81-90
Ave. , Manila -- Tel. 2-32-34 . Manila . Genato Commercial Corp. - 1075 R.
Tibay, 5th Ave. , Grace Park , Manila --- 3. Muller & Phipps Mfg . Corp.- 5. Esteban Aguilar 506 Maritima Hidalgo , Quiapo, Manila -- Tel . 3-26-43
Tel. 2-67-04
Fonifacio Drive , Port Area - Tel. 3- Bldg . , Dasmariñas , Manila Tel . 2-88-35 Lix Canning Co.-P.O. Box 271 , 11o .
Teofilo D. Reyes Auditor , Triple 34-01 . ilo City
XXI . Glass Windows
A Battery Co. , Inc., 687 Evangelista , 1. Luxaire Products , Inc. Roces XXXVI . PAINTS
Manila-Tel . 3-28-43 4. O'Phir
Drug Cosmetic Mfg .. Hermanos Bldg .. Manila -- Tel. 5-11-43 Elizalde Paint & Oil Factory 380
Co. ,Inc. , Rizal Avenue Ext . , Calou
Gonzalo Puyat Director , Gonzalo can -- Tel. 20-487 . 2. Mayon Metal Windows - Jesus St. , Tanduay, Ma vila - Tel. 3-24-58
Pandacan , Manila- Tel . 6-76-86 . MC Asbestos Paint Co. - 217 Aurora
Puyat & Sons , Inc. , Rodriguez Arias, 5. Oro Laboratories -678 Rizal Ave ..
Manila-Tel . 3-23-86 XXII . Handicrafts Ale ., Pasay Cliy -- Tels : 5-18-80 d 5
Sta . Cruz , Manila- Tel. 3-39-52 . Manila -- Tel. 10-93 .
Jose Tiosejo Director , Superior 6. Pascual Laboratory Balut IS 2. Tesoro's- 38 Escolta ,
5-31-59 & 3-88-86 . XXXVII . PENCIL
Gas & Equipment Corporation , 6 Byng. land , Tondo , Manila- Tel. 2-91-37 . Manila Pencil Co. -Rizal Avenue Ext .
XXIII . Ice
Mandaluyong, Rizal 7 : Philippine Industrial Export As Luz Ice Plant - Balut Island , Tondo . Cor Lanzones Road - Tel. 20-516
sociates Inc .-- 145 Gral , Solano-- Tel. Manila . XXXVII PHOTO -ENGRAVING
Fortunato Halili Director , Halili 3-25-59
Enterprises , Balintawak , Quezon City XXIV . Ice Cream Republic Photo -Engraving 1029 R.
Tel. 2-77-26 8. Seymour Manufacturing Co ..- 1. Fairmont Ice Cream Factory Hidalgo , Quiapo , Manila -- lel. 3-31-40
207 Singson , Bldg . , Manilk - Tel. 3-80 606 Insular Life Bldg . , Manila - Tel. XXXIX . PIANOS
Servillano G. Batac - Director Phil 81 .
2-82-89 . Felipe Yupangco & Sons --Bonifacio
ppine Tiles , Ground Floor Cu Unjieng 9. Standard Chemical Products 2. Little Home Bakery -- 801 - A Ten- Drive , Port Area , Manila -- Tel. 3-31-11
Bldg . , T. Pinpin , Manila -- Tel. 3-39-13 1337 Makata nr . Bambang. nessee , Ermita . Manila- Tel. 5-35-37 . Jacinto Music Store & Piano Supply
Graciano A. Yupangco Director , 10. E. R. Squibb & Sons--Potencia- XXV . Industrial Auditors, Contractors Great Eastern Hotel Bldg . , Echague ,
Felipe Yupangco & Sons, Inc., A. Bo na , Intramuros -- Tel. 3-22-01 . & Surveyors Manila- Tel. 2-74-41
nifacio Drive , Port Area-- Tel. 3-31-11 11. A. T. Suaco & Co. , Inc.-- 2100 Ri 1. Augusto Espiritu Central Bank P. E. Domingo & Co.- 13-15 Escolta ,
zal Avenue , Mania . of the Philippines. Manila -- Tei. 2-99-47
Roberto S. Rivera Director , River Llanes & Co. --- 517-519 P. Gomez,
dale , Inc. , 50 Data St. , Quezon City 12. Colgate - Palmolive ( Phil . ) Inc. Jaime P. de la Rosa , ( CPA ) - 1634 Ri-
Makati. Rizal . zal Ave., Manila -- T ^ . 2-70-40 . Quiapo, Manila--Tel . 2-97-24
Tel. 6-53-40 13 . Sharp & Dohme, Isaac Peral , XL . PLASTICS
MEMBERS Manila Tel . 3-22-71
Olimpio Cabellon & Co.-728 Lepanto,
Quiapo , Manila - Tel. 3-21-93 . 1. Armel Plastic Craft- 2230 Azcar
1. Agricultural & industrial Machin 14. Luis P. Pellicer , Tambo , Paraña- R. J. Del Pan & Co. - 306 El Hogar raga . Manila - Tel. 3-34-40
eries que , Rizai Filipino Bldg . , Juan Luna , Manila- 2. Jacinto Rubber & Plastics Co.
1. Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Co. Pun 15. Vick International, 117 13th St., Tel . 2-87-12 . 5th Ave. , Grace Park - Tel. 2-67-67
ta , Sta . Ana - Tel. 6-75-31 . Port Area , Manila Tel . 3-86-42 XXVI . Jewelries & Lapidary 3. J. J. Plastic Craft - 660 - A Mabolo
2. Fred Wilson & Co.- 677 Dasmari Jose V. Dizon & Sons Lapidary-542 Street , Quiapo , Manila-Tel . 3-36-79
nas , Manila - Tel. 3-80-16 .
XII. Dyeing & Dry Cleaning
1. Sanitary Steam Laundry - 908 Ar Evangelista , Manila
3. Francisco Cervantes--85 Kakarong, XXVII . Leather Goods 4. Plastics, Inc. - 75 Espana Ext., Que
Miakati, Rizal -- Tel. 5-42-86 . legui, Manila — Tel. 3-23-20 . zon City- Tel . 6-73-79
XIII ElectricalPower & Supplies
PowerPlant Ang Laguna - 693 Ilaya , Tondo, Ma 5. Morales Engineering Works -- 2 Lo
4. Guzman Tech . Engineering Works 1. Balanga Co. , Inc .-- rila .
--Azcarraga cor. Q. Blvd. Balanga , Bataan . Felix M. Muñoz & Co. - Meycawayan , renzo de la Paz, Pandacan - Tel. 6-77
5. H. G. Henares & Sons- 217 Au Bulacan . 59.
rora Ave. , Pasay City-Tel . 5-18-80 . 2. Muller & Phipps Manufacturing Hermoso Hermanos Meycawayan, 6. Cris Plastic Novelties --46 Escolta ,
6. International Harvester Co .-- 154 Corp. Bonifacio Drive , Port Area , Bulacan . Manila .
Marquez de Comillas - Tel. 3-23-24 . Manila - Tel. 3-34-01 . Vicente Hermoso Meycawayan , Bu- XLI . PORCELAIN ENAMELING
7. J. Bernabe & Co .-- 1515 Juan Lu 3. Moreno Electric & Engineering lecan . 1. Sofronio G. Alcantara- -827 Oro
na , Tondo , Manila --- Tel. 2-86-51. Vi'orks -- 2777 Herran , Paco - Tel. 5-41 XXVIII . Lumber
75 . quieta , Manila --Tel . 3-33-14 .
8. Philippine Engineering Corpora Marciana E. Lasam & Co .-- Butuan .
tion -936 Raon , Quiapo --Tel . 3-29-71 . 4. Philippine Electrical Mfg. Co. -27 XLII . POULTRY FEEDS
Agusan , P. O. Box 2174 . 1. Phil. - American
9. Koppel ( Phil . ) Inc .-- 22nd St. , Port Milling -- 306-308
P. Domingo , Sta . Ana - Tel. 5-41-21. Otilio Gorospe & Co .-- ( Santa Cruz , Dasmarinas, Manila --Tel . 2-94-34.
Area , Manila . 5. Radio Electronic Headquarters Zambales ) 678 Instruccion , Sampaloc ,
10. Ed . A. Keller Ltd. - 176 Juan Lu Co. , Inc. - 821 Misericordia -- Tel. 2-94 Manila - Tel. 6-61-04 . 2. Kawilihan Corporation - Kawilihar
na , Manila . 21 . Woodworks , Inc.-- 414 Regina Bldg . , Estate, Mandaluyon – Tel. 6-88-60 .
11. Agricom Development Co .-- 103 6. Remo & Sons Electrical Supplies Escolta, Manila--Tel . 3-32-2 .. XLIII . PRINTING
San Rafael, Manila . - 72 11th Ave. , G. Park - Tel. 20-647 Surigao Timber Co.-71 Mayon , Que . 1. Exacto Industries , Inc. -3 Espana
II . Athletic Supplies E 3-29-49 . zon City -Tel . 6-74-03 .
P.
Ext. , Quezon City - Tel. 6-62-60.
1. Educational Distributors--- 1818 XIV Embroideries & Textiles Bislig Bay Lumber Co. , Soriano Bldg .. 2. National Printing Co. - 728 Lepan
Guevara , Manila-Tel . 2-90-9 ) . 1. Enrico's Shirt & Pants Factory Manila .
to , Quiapo , Manila , Tel . 3-21-93.
2. National Athletic Supply - 611 808 Ilaya , Tondo - Tel . 2-80-48 . XXIX. Machine Shops 3. Lix Printing Co.-P.O. Box 271 ,
Raon , Quiapo , Manila -- Tel. 3-85-67 . 3. Gaudencio Palomo & Co.1619 Alfredo Lantin 715 Evangelista. Iloilo City
3. Manila Athletic Supply --618 Raon , Azcarraga , Manila - Tel . 2-68-26 . Quiapo Manila -- Tel. 3-33-23 .
. XLIV . PUBLISHING
Quiapo, Manila -Tel . 3-20-09. 4. Gaudencio B. Lontok & Co Bernardo Tamase 715 Evangelista .
4. F. Z. Ledda & Co. - 620 Raon , Ma 5-47-36 . Quiapo, Manila-- Tel. 3-33-23 . 1. Fortune Publishers, Inc . , -- 235 Pa
nila . 5. Halili Embroidery & Shirt Fac lomo Bldg . , Azcarraga , Manila - Tel.
tory - Santa Maria , Bulacan .
Cherimel Manufacturing Co. 1039
3-20-61.
III. Bakeries Carola , Sampaloc, Manila .
1. Apung Gari Bakery - San Fernan 6. L. R. Aguinaldo & Co , Inc. -801 Domingo Lopez Machine Shon -- 2662 2. National Printing Co .-- 728 Lepan
do , Pampanga - Tel. Loc . 25 San Fer Echague , Quiapo, Manila- Tel. 3-26 Taft Ave. , Pasay City . to , Quiapo , Manila - Tel. 3-21-93.
nando , 51 .
Bakery -- 801 - A Ten
Domingo Jose & Co.-- 181-183 Migue- 3. Philippine Book Company--289 Do
2. Little Home 7. Manufacturing Associates, Inc. lin . Sampaloc , Manila - Tel 6-77-49 . roteo Jose , Manila-Tel. 2-29-88 .
nessee , Ermita , Manila - Tel. 5-33-54 . 517 M. de Binondo, Manila -- Tel. 2 Heavy Equipment Service Co. , Inc.--- XLV . RADIOS
3. Oriental Bakery -- 13 Bayani Street. 67-46 . 73 Quezon Blvd. , Q. C. - Tei. 62-36 . 1. Radio Electronics
Quezon City -- Tel. 6-72-48. 8 : National Development Co. ( Tex Headquarters
4. Sta . Romana Bakery Inc.- 1922 industrial Equipment - 672 Evange- Co. , Inc.--321 Misericordia , Sta . Cruz .
tile Mills ) - Pureza , Sta . Mesa , Manila lista . Quiapo, Manila -- Tel. 3-38-31 . Manila- Tel. 2-94-21.
24 Herran , Paco - Tel. 5-46-32 --Tel. 6-75-53 . Isidro Legaspi & Co.-123 Guipit,
IV . Batteries 9. R. K. Lirag Mfg . Co.-517 Azcar- Sampaloc, Manila . LXVI . REFRIGERATORS
1. Advance Commercial Co. Taft raga , Manila - Tel. 2-80-48 . J. Bernabe & Co .-- 1515 Juan Luna. 1. Felipe Yupangco & Sons , Inc. - Bo
Ave. , Cor . San Andres- Tel . 5-35-94 . Tondo, Manila , Tel. 2-86-51 . nifacio Drive , Port Area , Manila- Tel .
10. Riverdale , Inc.-50 Data , Quezon
2. C. C. Unson & Co. , Inc .-- 193 Es City - Tel. 6-78-81 . Jaime de la Rosa Machine Shop - San 3-31-11 .
paña Boulevard , Manila . 11. Ysabelo Bustamante - R - 212 Na- Fernando , Pampanga . 2. Miranda's Refrigeration Service &
3. Castro Battery Co. , Inc .--653 Es tividad Manila- Tel. 3-23-31 .
Bldg .,Knitting Jose Valencia - 672 Evangelista ,Quia- Supply -- 8 Martinez Street . Sta. Cruz.
paña Boulevard , Manila 12. Litton Mills-540 Juan po, Manila - Tel. 3-38-31 . Manila -- Tel. 2-40-10 .
4. Melecio G. Elicanal - 664 F. B. Luna , Manila . Mindanao Automotive & Engineering 3. Sun Bros. & Co. , Inc .--2100 Das
Harrison , Pasay City . 13. Vicente Papagayo - Garcia Bldg . Shop - 222-223 Gempsaw Street , Davao marinas , Manila ,
5. Overland Automotive Supply Rizal Avenue, Manila . City, Davao XLVII . SHIPPING
1651 Azcarraga, Manila-- Tel . 2-95-75 . 14. Eusebio Garcia -- 205 Natividad
6. Ramcar , Inc. - 116 Padre Faura , Bldg . Escolta , Manila . Morales Engineering Works-- 2 Loren 1. Fernandez Hermanos , Inc. - 109
Manila --Tel . 5-45-45 . XV . Fishing 29 de la Paz , Pardacan - Tel. 6-77-59 Juan Luna , Manila -- Tel. 2-69-68 .
7. Triple - A Battery Co.687 Evan Moreno Electric & Engineering Works 2. Pan -Oriental Shipping—266 Juan
1. Candelaria Santiago -- Paombong. --2777 Herrar , Paco-Tel . 5-41-75 .
gelista , Quiapo, Manila -- Tel. 3-28-43 . Eulacan . Luna , Binondo , Manila Tel . 2-81-90 .
V. Beverages & Liquors National Iron Works --235 Santa Me
1. Candelaria Distillery- Office : Ma 2. Rustico J. Enriquez - 1379 Gen. sa Blvd , Manila - Tel. 6-6250 XLVIII . SHOES
Luna , Manila . 1. Ang Tibay Shoe & Slipper Mfg .
nila , 1611 Felix Huertas , Factory : Pa Oberly & Co. , Inc. - 70 Legarda , Sam
XVI . Fish Preservation paloc, Manila , - Tel. 3-37-54 Co. -5th Ave. , Grace Park-Tel . 2-65
ombong, Bulacan . 1. Rosa Inciong -- Balayan , Batangas
Clicquo: Club Bottling Company -- PA XVII. Fishing Nets Oriental Machineries-679 Evangelis- 972. &Jacirto
2-67-04.Rubber & Plastics Pro
rañaque, Rizal –Tel . 5-19-21. ta , Quiapo, Manila --Tel. 3-30-54
Halili Enterprises - Balintawak , Que 1. Felipe Lorenzana Sons , Inc. - 480 Pacific Engineering Corporation - 269 ducts . Inc.-- 5th Ave. , Grace Park , Ca
zon City --- Tel. 2-77-26 Juan Luna , Manila- Tel. 2-84-50 . Nepomuceno, Tondo-Tel . 2-78-93 loocan , Rizal-Tel . 2-67-67.
La Famille Distillery -- 246 Int., Li 2. Superior Gas Equipment Co .- Parpana Machine & Welding Corpo- 3. Knox Shoe Company -119 N. Do
bertad, Pasay City -- Tel. 5-26-15 . 6 Byng , Mandaluyong , Rizal--- Tel. 6 ration Co. 974 A. Rivera , Manila- mingo, San Juan , Rizal —Tel . 6-81-68
61-92 . Tel . 2-78-47
San Miguel Brewery - 132 Aviles , San 4. Marcelo Rubber & Latex Products .
Miguel , Manila- Tel. 3-24-61 XVIII . Furnitures Regidor Ramos Machine Shon --- 2326 Inc.- 20 A. Bonifacio , Malabon , Rizal
Candles
1. Asiatic Enterprise Co
Traders
IV . Juan Luna , Tondo , Manila- Tel. Tel . 20-680
R -501 Garcia Bldg . , Rizal Avenue, Ma Sargan Motor Works-- 2558 Taft Ave. ,
Julia Villavicencio Candle Factory nila . 5. Soriente -Santos Shoe Co. 62 Es
726 Sto . Cristo , Manila . Pasay City - Tel. 5-30-52 .
2. Exacto Industries Inc. - 3 España Soliongco Engineering Co .--- 6th Ave ..
colta , Manila - Tel. 2-84-28 .
VII . Celluloid Papers XLIX . STEEL PRODUCTS
Ext ., Quezon City -- Tel. 6-62-60 Grace Park -Tel . 2-77-53
Compania de Celulosa de Filipinais 3. Gonzalo Puyat & Sons , Inc. - 199 Unel's Machinery & Supply 715 1. Campos Rueda & Sons-- 425 Juan
212 M. de Comillas - Tel. 3-22-91 . Rodriguez Arias , Manila- Tel. 3-26-93 . Evangelista , Quiapo, Manila Tel . 3- Luna , Manila Tel . 2-70-79 .
Roberto Martinez & Sons . - 3 Espana 4. J. N. Morales, Inc. - 319 San Mar- 33-23 2. Cherimel Manufacturing Co .-- 1039
Ext ., Q. C - Tel. 6-62-60 . celino, Ermita , Manila- Tel. 5-39-78 . Carola , Sampaloc .
5. L. R. Aguinaldo & Co. , Inc .--801 United Tractor Parts Supply Co .-
Philippine Paper Milis - 202 Wilson 661 Evangelista , Quiapo_Tel . 3-39-73 3. Eduardo L , Claparols & Co.-P.O.
Bldg ., Manila--Tel . 2-76-95 . Echague , Quiapo, Manila - Tel. 3-26-51 BOX 73 , Bacolod City, Negros Occi .
Cement 6. Launer Furniture Co. - 7 Elena Wonde : Mechanical Engineering Cor
VIII, Apartments , A. Mabini, Manila - Te ! dental.
poration - 1310 M. Hizon , Manila .
1. Cebu Portland Cement Co .-- Pi 5-35-68 . Y -Engineering Corporation -- 3285 Taft 4. F. M. Salcedo Hardware Co.-- .766
Bldg
lotTel. , M. de le Industria ., Manila Ave., Pasay City-- Tel . 5-11-04 Folgueras , Tondo_Tel . 8-70-79.
2-69-76 . 7. National Furniture Co .-- 61 D. XXX . MATCHES
Santiago , Sampaloc , Manila- Tel . 6 5. Marcelo Steel Corporation -- Tuga
2. Eternit Corporation Mandalu Pan- Oriental Miatch On , - 269 Juan tog . Malabon , Rizal — Tel. 20-656 .
yong, Rizal -- Tel. 6-73-86 . 61-48 . Luna , Tondo , Manila - Tel. 2-81-90
8. Nicfur Furniture Mart- 1634 Ri 6. Mayon Metal Windows- Jesus St. ,
3. MC Asbestos Paint Co. -217 Au Phil . Match Co. , Ltd. , Punta Sta .
zal Ave. , Sta Cruz , Manila - Tel. 2-70 . Pandacan - Tel. 6-76-86 .
rora, Pasay City-Tel 5-18-80
93.
5-10
90 .
Ana - Tel 6-75-61
7. O. E. S. & S, Co. - 673 Dasmarinas,
XXXI . MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
4. Philippine Ready - Mix Concrete 9. Portillo's Furniture Store-229 Ortz & Sons , Inc.-401 San Vicente , Manila - Tel. 3-29-38 .
CC.-T. Claudio , Pandacan Tels
8. Pacific Exchange Corporation
Isaac Peral , Manila -- Tel. 5-47-88 . Manila -- Tel. 2-90-01
Yutivo Bldg . , Manila -- Tel. 3-66-38
6-75-91 & 3-23-78 . 10. Venzon Furniture Co .-- 797 - A XXXII . METAL ENGRAVING
IX. Chemicals Echague, Manila-Tel . 3-21-51 , Crispulo Zamora & Sons-423 Sales, 9. Philippine Steel Corporation - R -- 224
1. La Hormiga Factory -- 143 Bugal 11. Valimex Corporation--515 Das . Quiano . Manila - Tel. 3-32-58 Calvo Bldg . , Manila - Tel. 2-82-97.
lon, San Juan , Rizal- Tel. 6-88-48. mariñas, Manila . Clemente Zamora & Sons - 423 Sales, 10. Stonehill Steel Corporation -- 175
2. Marcelo Chemical Plant, Tuga 12. O. E. S. & S. Co . ,-673 Dasma- Quiapo , Manila --- Tel. 6-87-41 Rizal Ave. , Ext , Grace Park Tel .
Malabon . Rizal Tel. 20-656 . riñas , Tel . 3-29-38 . El Oro - 838 Moravta . Sampaloc , Ma . 20-491 .
 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
124
11. Ysmael Steel Mfg . , Co ..- 1 Plaza A. L. Velilla
Goiti , Manila -- Tel. 3-27-37 . B.
Jesus
G. Braudt
S. Cabarrus
TRADE ASSOCIATIONS
L. SUGAR
1. Kawilihan Corp. - Manda-
Estate , Mariano Olondria Marsman & Co. , Inc. Port Area .
J. S. Peterson Manila
luyon . Rizal–Tel . 6-88-81). Otto F. Weber
2. Ormoc Sugar cui - Escolta , Bldg ., Mercury Drug Co. 736 Bambang
46 Escolta , Manila , - Tel. 2-71-97. Henry A. Brimo COPRA Manila
LI . TILES & STOVES SUSTAINING MEMBERS Metro Drug Corporation 880 Rizal
1. Ceramic Inaustries of the Phil . Balatoc Mining Company -- 217 My Avenue , Manila
201 Aduana , W C -Tel 3-31-62 ers Bldg , Port Area - 3-34-06 . THE PHILIPPINE COPRA
Modern Pharmacal Products Co.
2. Filipino Construction Supply Co.- Benguet Consolidated Mining Co.- EXPORTERS ASSOCIATION , INC . 886 Rizal Avenue , Manila
563 Echague , Quiapo - Tel. 5-35-10 . 217 Myers Bldg . , Port Area - 3.34-06 . 406 Ayala Building- Manila Muller & Phipps ( Manila ) Ltd.
3. Mortarless Hollow Tiles Co. - R- Coco Grove , Inc. - C / o Marsman Co. Cable Address : Bonifacio Drive , Port Area , Manila
Mla - Tel.
Bldg&. , Terrazo 3-27-71 , Inc -320-41 COPRAXPORT Oceanic Commercial , Inc. Plaza
4. Samanillo
300 Mayon Ties Factory- Consolidated Mines , Inc. - 502 Chi Tel . 2-70-06 Sta . Cruz, Manila
71 Mayon . Quezon City - Tel. 6-74-03 . na Bank Bldg . - 2-89-13, OF F I CE RS Paramount Drug Co. 809 Reina
5. Philippine Tiles--Cu Unjieng Bldg . , E. J. Nell Building , Intramuros 1952 Officers : Regente, Manila
Escolta , Manila - Tel. 3-39-13 . Tel 3-21-21 Alfonso Z. SyCip - Pres : Philippine American Drug Co. ES
6. Superior Gas & Equipment Co. - 6 Itogon Mining Co. Marsman c / o Merle Robie - Vice Pres . colta, Manila
Byng , Mandaluyong, Rizal–Tel . 6-61-02 . 3-20-4 Jose Trill- Treasurer The Cathay Co. Drug Dept. 304
7. Lix Ceramic Industries-- P , 0 . Box Lepanto Consolidated Mining Co. C. L. Tan -Director Nueva St. , Manila
271, Iloilo City. 305 Ayala Bldg . - 3-21-21. A. Duran -Director United Drug Co. 309 Sto . Cristo.
LII . TOYS
Luzon Stevedoring Co. Inc. - Derham George Burton -- Director
1. Miranda Toy Factory - 315 Robert , Bldg , Port Area Manila
C. R. McCord . Jr. - Director
Mindanao Mother Lode Mines, Inc. Michael H. Rapport - Executive Sec Winthrop - Stearns, Inc. 25th St ..
Pasay City-Tel , 5-17-19. -Soriano Building - 2-77-58. Port Area , Manila
Toy Factory - Horse - Shoe
2. Tirona retary . Yucuanseh Drug Co. 436 Dasma
Philippine Iron Mines, Inc. - Punta ,
Drive, Quezon City . Sta . Ana - 6-75-31. riñas, Manila
LIII . UPHOLSTERY Samar Mining Co. , Inc. - 845 M. de Botica de Santa Cruz 903 Riza !
1 J. N Morales Upholstery Co .- DRUGS Avenue , Manila
la Industria -- 2-69-31.
319 San Marcelino - Tei. 5-39-78 . Surigao Consolidated Mining Co. Eli Lilly International 42nd St ..
2. Portillo's Auto Seat Cover - 415 A Parañaque, Rizal
Mabini , Ermita ,
Inc.-- El Hogar Filipino
Amalgamated Minerals, Bldg .-2-96-25 .
Inc. - 513 P. DRUG ASS'N OF THE PHILIPPINES
ASSOCIATION
Far Eastern Drug Co. 362 Quezon
LIV . VENETIAN BLINDS Samanillo Bldg .- 3-20-81 , Local 49. Boulevard , Manila
1. Filipinas Venetian Biinds 5 Ki
PHILIPPINES
MANILA ,
CONTRIBUTING MEMBERS Farmacia Occidental 598 Reina Re
P. O. BOX 927 gente, Manila
tanbaad St. Sta . Mesa Heights . Quezon Antamok Goldfields
City-Tel . 6-78-27 . Mining Co .- BOARD OF DIRECTORS Inhelder , Inc. 143 Sta. Potencia
2. Rodriguez & Sons, Inc. -418 Elias , Soriano y Cia .-- 3-82-71. Dr. Olimpio L. Villacorta , c/ o Modern na, Manila
Sampaloc , Manila - Tel. 6-74-25 . Baguio Gold Mining Co .-- 3rd . Floor, Pharmacal Products Co., president. Kuenzle & Streiff, Inc. 347 T.
3. Zip Venetian Blind - R - 222 De Leon Cortes - Ochoa Bldg . - 2-90-31. Lee A. Telesco, c/o Marsman & Co. , Pinpin , Manila
Bldg . , Rizal Ave.-Tel. 3-85-05 . Coco Grove , Inc.-Marsman & Co. , Irc . , vice - president . Pacific Insular Co. , Inc. Trade
4. Cadwallader Pacific Co. 337 Pe- Intramuros --- 3-20-41 . Dr. Dalmacio Suaco , c /o A. T. Suaco end Commerce Bldg . , Manila
rez, Paco , Manila . Demonstration Gold Mines, Ltd .- & Co. , Inc. , secretary - treasurer . Parke , Davis & Co. c/o Botica
LV . WATCHES 2nd . Floor , Moserco Bldg . C. R. Anderson , c / o Muller & Phipps Boie, Escolta , Manila
1. Faustino P. Gutierrez - 430 Evar East Mindanao Mining Co. , Inc. Manila ) Ltd. , director . Sharp & Dohme (Phil . ) Inc. Isaac
gelista . Cebu City , P. O. Box 199 — Cebu City . Yu Siu Tek, c/ o Yucuanseh Drug Peral, Manila
LVI , WOOD MOULDING I. X. 1. Mining Co .-- Soriano y Cia . Co. , director.
The Upjohn Company - Elena Apart
1 . Robert Walters & Co. - Lucban , -3-82-71. John Brimo, c /o Oceanic Commercial, rents , Ermita , Mantla
Pasay City - Tel. 5-21-62 . Itogon Mining Co .--Marsman & Co. , Inc. , director.
LVII . FASTENERS Inc. 3-20-41. William Ty , Farmacia Oriental, di
1. National Fasteners Corporation- rector.
183 Soler, Manila - Tel. 2-79-29 . Fac Masbate Consolidated Mining Co. LIST OF MEMBERS
FLOUR
Soriano y Cla . - 3-82-71 .
tory : 3rd Avenue , Grace Park . Rizal . Pan Philippines Corporation 936 November 26, 1951
LVIII . INDENTORS Raon St. , Manila - 3-26-86 . Abbott Laboratories 161 Mendoza FLOUR MILLERS' REPRESENTATIVES
1. Pacitic Exchange Corporation San Mauricio Mining Co -Paracale St. , Manila ( PHILIPPINES ) INC .
Yutivo Bldg . , Dasmarinas , Manila Gumans Cous — Mining Co 3rd A. T. Suaco & Co. , Inc. 2100 Rizal Suite 514 , Samanillo Bldg .. Escolta
Tel . 2-66-38 . Floor , China Bank Bldg , Dasmari Avenue, Manila MANILA PHILIPPINES
2. Western Pacific Corporation - 870 nas - 2-98-91 Dolor's Pharmacy 696 Rizal Ave OFF I CE R S
Rizal Avenue , Manila - Tel. 2-94-69 . Santa Mining Co -410
Rosa Sa Tue , Manila Vicente Sabalvaro
LIX CAR ASSEMBLY manillo Bldg . , Escolta - 3-39-06 E. R. Squibb & Sons Sta . Poten
Director
1. FABAR , Inc. - Dakota , Ermita Suyọc Consolidated Mining Co. ciana , Manila
Tel . 5-30-93 . Marsman & Co. , Inc.-3-20-41 . Ed . A. Keller & Co. , Ltd. 178 Juan (MARSMAN & CO . , INC . )
LX . CHALK Luna , Manila Alfredo X. Burgos
1. MC Chalk Mfg . Co.-217 Aurora . Farmacia Central , Inc. 248 Rosario , Secretary
Pasay City. SPANISH Manila ( CONNEL BROS . CO . )
LXI . FANS Farmacia del Sur 1306 Azcarraga , Jose F. Sugay
1. Leopoldo Rovira, Jr . , -- Casa Merce Manila Director
des , Inc. - 1030 Indiana , Manila . THE SPANISH CHAMBER OF Farmacia Oriental 234 Rosario . ( FILIPINO BAKERS ASSN . INC . )
LXVII . TIRES COMMERCE FOR 1952 Manila John Z. SyCip
LXVIII . BICYCLES Board of Directors Farmacia Oro 678 Rizal Avenue, Treasurer
1. Goodrich inın'ı Rubber Co. 13th Manila ( YEK HUA TRADING CORP .)
St. , Port Area , Manila , Tel . 3-37-21 Enrique Pfitz , President, ( Ayala y Farmaci a Rubi, Inc. 105 Rosario ,
Cia . ) Gonzalo D. Vasquez
2. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. of Manila President
the Phil . 11th St. , Port Area , Manila , Antonio Campos Rueda , Vice - Pres
ident . ( Campos Rueda & Sons , Inc. ) Federal Pharmacy 908 Ongpin, ( VASQUEZ TRADING COMPANY )
3-32-16 . Tire & Rubber Co. of the Francisco Marti , Treasurer and Hon- Manila Graham T. Reid
3.. Firestone
Tel
orary Secretary , ( Leeper & Marti , Stock F. E. Zuellig, Inc. 55 Rosario .
Director
Phil . Echague, Manila Tel . 3-37-58 . Brokers ) Manila ( WISE & CO . , INC . )
Marvex Industrial Corp .-- 548 Que DIRECTORS :-Antonio Porta Ferrer . Hermoso Drug Store 646 Tabora , Edward K Bramwell
zon Blvd. , Manila Tel. 3-39-63 . Manila Vice - President
LXIX PUBLIC RELATIONS : Porta , Pueo y Cia . , Inc .; Gregorio Ma
ñeru Aramburo , Mañeru y Cia .; Ra- Johnson & Johnson International
Samanillo ( CENTENNIAL TRADING CO., INC . )
Jose Lauchengco_403 mon Lopez Bernubeu , TABACALERA ; 310 Dasmariñas , Manila
MEMBERS
Bldg . , Escolta , Manila . Felix Fanlo, Fanlo y Cia . , Inc. La Estrella del Norte Escolta , Ma
LXX ZOILO ALBERTO
CORKS : MEMBERS : nila
706 Lepanto St. , Tel . 5-13-56
Manlo Enterprises , Inc. - 1058 Rizal Amon Trading Corporation - Bonifacio L. G. Wagner ( Manila ) Ltd. 602
APOLLO TRADING COMPANY
Ave. Manila Tel. 3-82-81 Drive, Port Area 603 Ayala Building, Manila
467 Nueva St. , Tel . 2-87-30
LXXI RICE HULLERS : Ayala y Compañia Ayala Bldg ., ATKINS KROLL & CO .. INC .
Oberly & Co. , Inc.-170 Legarda , Muelle de la Ind . 124 Myers Bldg . , Port Area
Sampaloc , Manila , Tel. 3-37-38 Antonio Aranaz y Conrado ---Regina Manila Steamship Co.-P. O. Box 121 . Tel. 3-34-41
Wonder Mechanical Engineering Bldg ., 332 , Escolta Manila
Corporation - 1310 H. Hizon , Manila Banco de las Islas Filipinas - Piaza Marti, Francisco P. de - R -411 El Ho BUNGE FAR EAST AGENCIES, INC .
LXill , UMBRELLAS 671 Dasmariñas, Tel . 2-69-01
Cervantes, 296 gar Filipino Bldg.
1. Francisco Monroy ~ " El 32'' Um Brias, Mariano 404 San Vicente , Occidental Life Insurance Co. of Ca CENTENNIAL TRADING CO . , INC .
brella Factory - 67 - A Felipe II, Meisic . Manila lifornia - M . R. S. Bldg . , Plaza Cer Soriano Bldg . , Tel . 2-98-56
Manila . Bouffard Hermanos 797 Echague. vantes CHUA LIMCO & COMPANY
LXIV . PHOTOSTATS Quiapo Arsenio Siy - Dasmariñas, 217 -Uy Yet 308-310 Azcarraga , Tel . 2-63-15
1. Narciso Reyes , Inc. - 4 Martinez , Cia . Gral. de Tabacos de Filipinas Bldg. , 302 COMMONWEALTH SALES CO . , INC
Manila . 212 M. de Comillas, Paco Pellicer , Manuel - T . Pinpin, Chuan 670 Dasmariñas, Tel . 3-38-55
2 Manila Blue-Printing Co. -Arlegui . Central Azucarera de Bais - 212 M Bldg . , 564-566 CONNEL BROS ., CO . (PHIL . ) LTD .
de Comillas , Paco Luis Perez Samanillo , Inc.-619 Sa
Quiap
3. Merca ntilea. , Inc. - El Hogar Filipi-
o , Manil Central Azucarera de Tarlac -- 212 M. manillo Bldg . , Escolta
99 Dasmariñas , Tel . 2-69-11
no Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes, Manila . de Comillas , Paco Porta , Pueo y Compañia, Inc.-P. O. CONRAD & COMPANY , INC .
Compañia Celulosa de Filipinas - 212 Box 66 , Manila Trade & Comm , Bldg . , Tel . 2-94-31
LXV . GASOLINE & OIL DY BUNCIO & CO . , INC .
1. Standard-Vacuum Oil Co. - Ayala M. de Comillas, Paco Philippine Sugar Estate Filipinas 609 Lavezares , Tel . 2-92-07
Building , Juan Luna , Manila . Campos Rueda Sons, Inc.- 421-
& Bldg . , Plaza Moraga THE EAST ASIATIC CO . , LTD.
427 Juan Luna , Binondo Philippine Air Lines , Inc .-- M . R. S. Hongkong Bank Bldg . , Tei . 2-95-11
LXVI . CHROMIUM & NICKEL
Central Azucarera de la Carlota-P.O . Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes
PLATING Picornell , Santiago c'o Picornell, EL PAN DE SAN ANTONIO
1. El Nickel Works -- 1220 Carola , Box 121 , Manila
David , Malca and Co. , Inc.-R - 504 Hall & Ortigas , 2nd Floor, Ayala Bldg .. 431 Camba , Tel . 2-85-67
Sampaloc , Tel, 3-29-85 . Manila EQUITABLE TRADING CO., INC .
Ayala Bldg . , Manila
LXVII . TIRES Jose Ma . Pueo Mola_c / o Elizalde 210 Juan Luna, Tel . 2-93-71
podrich Int'nal Rubber Co .-- 13th
The Philippine Net & Braid Mfg .-
1.
1236 Azcarraga , Manila Trading , Tanduay St. FILIPINO BAKERS ASSN . , INC .
St. , Port Area , Manila , Tel . 3-37-21 Elizalde y Cia . Inc.-P. O. Box 121 , Roxas y Compañía Soriano Bldg . , Calvo Bldg . , Tel . 2-82-89
2. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. of Manila Plaza Cervantes GENATO COMMERCIAL CORP .
the Phil .- 11th St. , Port Area , Manila ,
Elizalde Paint & Oil Factory , Inc. Roxas Gargollo , Antonio Soriano 1075 R. Hidalgo , Tel . 3-26-48
Tel . 3-32-16 Calle Tanduay , Manila Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes GETZ BROS . , LTD .
3. Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. of Elizalde Rope Factory , Inc.-P. 0 . Roxas Gargollo , Eduardo Soriano
37-58 135 Muelle de Binondo Tel . 2-69-96
Box 121 , Manila Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes KER & COMPANY , LTD
Fanlo y Cia .. Inc. - 77 Gaztambide , San Miguel Brewery-P. O. Box 271 , 206 Ayala Bldg . , Tel . 2-61-29
Sampaloc Manila L. C EUGENIO & CO . , INC .
Mines F. e. I. Farre (Sr. Agustin Lizano )- Soriano y Compañia - Soriano Bldg . , 743 F. Torres St. , Tel . 3-30-09
c / o Banco de las Islas Filipinas Plaza Cervantes
Islas Investment Sto . Tomas Univ- Santamaria , Enrique Soriano Bldg .. LA TONDENA , INC .
ersity , Calle España Plaza Cervantes 618 Echague , Tel . 3-26-10
CHAMBER OF MINES OF THE LEONG AH WHAY
Imprenta de Sto . Tomas - Sto . Tomas Tuason y Sampedro , Inc .--817 Globo
PHILIPPINES
University , Calle España 264-268 A. Mabini , Caloocan
214 Regina Building de Oro, Quiapo Rizal , Tel . - Caloocan - 450
Ice Cold Storage Industries of the Jose A. Ortoll -911 M. H. del Pilar ,
Escolta , Manila Philippines Inc.-P. O. Box 271 , Manila MACONDRAY & CO. , INC .
Tel . 3-22-31 , Local 50 Matute, Amadeo 515 P. Herrera ,
Malate
China Bank Bldg . , Tel . 2-98-91
OFFICERS Tondo Julian Ybarrolaza - c / o Popular Shoe
Mfg Co. , Ltd. , Ilha Verde, MACAU MANILA PURCHASING AGENCY
1952-1953 Metro Drug Corporation Buendia
Antonio Sagarra Porta - 310 San Ra 246 Tetuan St. , Tel . 2-66-57
V. E Lednicky --Presicient Subdivision , Makati
fael , San Miguel MARSMAN & COMPANY , INC .
A. L. Velilla - Vice - President Mira Hermanos, Inc.-- 1335 Gral. Lu
B. G. Braudt-Vice-President 1
na , Paco Ramon Garcia y Loewinsohn c/o Intramuros, Tel . 3-20-41
Nestorio N. Lim - Secretary - Treasurer Miranda Sampedro , Paulino -817 Glo- Advance Commercial Co. , cor. San An MARVEX COMMERCIAL CO., INC .
dres & Taft Ave. 548 Quezon Bouievard , Tel. 3-39-63
DIRECTORS bo de Oro, Quiapo MENZI & COMPANY , INC .
1952-1953 Mañeru y Cia . Inc. - R - 425 Singson Woodex Industries 160 Legarda .
Sampaloc , Manila 183 Soler St. , Tel . 2-79-29
V. E. Lednicky Bldg.
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1.25
PACIFIC IMPORTING & EXPORTING velties . Earl Carroll- Philippine American M. Colcol & Company
COMPANY Baltex Commercial Co. Rin - 409 Life Insurance Company , 5th Floor , €78 Rizal Avenue , Manila
406 Ayala Bldg . , Juan Luna , Tel . 2-66-24 Maritima Bldg . 2-62-06 - Mauro La Wilson Building , Manila . Community Publishers Inc.
PACIFIC UNION CORPORATION Inlägna -- Textiles, Sundries , leather 0 . A. Ehnenclou - Insular Life As- 2664 Herran , Manila
Plastics Company , Ltd. Insular Life
Trade & Comm . Bldg . , Tel 2-64-48 surance Inang Wika Publishing Co.
PHILIPPINE PRODUCTS EXPORT CO . C. C. Unson Co. , Inc.— 193 España --- Building , Manila . 116 Dimasalang. Manila
Maritima Bldg. , Tel. 2-82-70 none-- Casto C. Unson - Batteries, Auto A. Goidman - Manufacturers Life In- National Language Committee
parts & Accessories . surance Company , Doña Salud Build c / o San Beda College , Manila
AURORA REYES D. L. Mercado 4th Fl . Burke Mayon Publishing Company
ing . Manila , 555 Misericordia , Manila
748 Folgueras, Tondo , Tel . 2-60-36 Bldg .-3-21-45 , 3-37-61 - Daniel L. Mer C. H. Grau Philippine American
REPUBLIC TRADING CO . INC . cado - Insurance, Construction Mater Insurance Wilson Alip and Brion Book Store
Life Company, 1869 Azcarraga , Manila
Maritima Bldg . , Tel . 2-60-34 ials SalcedoGoods.
F. &MSporting Hardware - 766 Fol- Building , Manila .
SHAU TRADING COMPANY J. Gustilo Insular Life Assurance
109 Plaza del Conde , Binondo gueras - 2-64-93 , 3-27-71-F . M. Salcedo
Tel . 2-89-91
Gen. Hardware & Bldg . Construction Company Ltd. Insular Life Building,
Mat. Manila RICE
SMITH BELL & CO . , INC . F. P. Gutierrez & Sons - 430 Evan- C Madox - Brown - Manufacturers Life
Trade & Comm Bldg . , Tel . 2-69-71 Company , Dona Salud
gelista - none - Faustino Gutierrez - Gen . Insurance
STANDARD PRODUCTS COMPANY, Msde . & Jewelry . Building, Manila . PHILIPPINE RICE GROWERS
INCORPORATED Gaudencio Palomo - 1619 Azcarraga- Ismael Melendres Crown Life In ASSOCIATION
406 Ayala Bldg . , Tel . 2-66-24 2-63-26 - Gaudencio Palomo Textiles surance Company , Trade & Commerce Jose Cojuangco - President - 1959 RO
STRACHAN & MACMURRAY, LTD . & Remnants . Building, Manila. berts, Pasay City
China Bank Bldg . , Tel . 2-98-91 Henry A. Brimo- 240 Dasmariñas Jose Olbes--Insular Life Assurance Felipe Buencam :00 Jr.-1st Vice Pres
SW AM A G 2-90-31 - Henry A. Brimo - Gen . Msde . Company Ltd. Insular Life Building, ident - 408 - E Aviles, Manila
151 Muelle de Binondo Tel . 2-91-33 & Wearing Apparel . Manila. Ricardo Gonzales and Vice President
UNNO COMMERCIAL ENTERPRISES J. M. Sebastian- 617 Malabon St. A. Paglinawan Philippines Head --- 3 Aurora Blvd. , New Manila
2-72-40 - J . M. Sebastian -- Building Ma Office , United States Life Insurance Vicente Araneta - Member -- 87 Dapi
Guizon Bldg . , Tel . 2-83-97 terials .
VASQUEZ TRADING COMPANY Co. , in the City of New York , 5th tan Ext., Quezon City
Jose V. Dizon Rm - 310 Alcazar Floor, Wilson Building, Manila. Cecilio de Leon --Member - 944 Bilibid
514 Samanillo Bldg . , Tel . 3-20-81 Bldg . - none - Jose V. Dizon Gen. J. R. Paton Sun Life Assurance Viejo, Manila
Escolta . Local 42 Msde . , Jewelry & Bldg . Materials . Company of Canada , Singson Building.
Ledesma Commercial Co. Rm - 211 Eugenio Baltao - Member -- 191 V. Ma
SOLEDAD DE LA VICTORIA Manila . pa. Manila
Ayala Bldg .-- 2-87-02 - Pacifico Ledes E. s Sevilla - National Life Insur
Singson Bldg . , Tel . 3-86-94 -Gen
maInter . Msde ., Texti
- Commercial les (&P.I.Cigar
Co. ) ettes
108, ance Company of the Pilippines, Re Mrs. Fermina Santos - Member -Ma
WISE & COMPANY , INC . lolos, Bulacan
Wise Bldg . , Tel . 2-67-65 Nueva, Escolta - 2-91-59_M . A. Edralin gina Building , Manila .
H. Small - Sun Life Assurance Com Dr. Florentino O. Chioco - Member-
YEK HUA TRADING CORPORATION Textiles , Automotive Parts , Office Cabanatuan , Nueva Ecija
201 Rosario St. , Tel . 2-64-58 Equip . , & Sundries . pany of Canada , Singson Building
Manila .
Jose Roy - Member - 215 Lope de Vega ,
F. E. ZUELLIG , INC . Manuel S. Rustia - 304 Trd & Comm . Manila
Fernando Villareal - Occidental Life
55 Rosario St. , Tel . 2-69-51
Bldg .-2-61-31 Manuel S. Rustia
Jose Castro - Member - Manila
Foodstuffs, Steel , Glass Products . Insurance Compan MRS Building ,
MANUEL S. RUSTIA Manila . Ildefonso Coscoluella - Member -- 252
New York Indent Co .-- 3016 Maritima
Trade & Comm . Bldg . , Tel . 2-61-31 Valenzuela , Manila
Bldg . - 2-80-54—-Hermenigildo Gonza
Gabriel Belmonte - Member - 528 Avi
ga-Textiles , Remnants , Gen. Msde . les , Manila
Pan American Indent Co. - 602 Trd
HOME & Comm . Bldg .-2-75-72 Apolonio
NAIL Senen Gabaldon-Membe: - 198 V.
Malabanan - Textiles , Remnants , & Mapa , Manila
Sundries , PHILIPPINE NAIL MANUFACTURERS Manuel Hechanova --- Member - Iloilo
Pablo M. Silva -- 931 Ylaya , Topda City
ASSOCIATION
HOMEOWNERS ' ASSOCIATION INC . none - Pablo M. Silva - Textiles , Decor NDC WAREHOUSE NO. 8 Mrs. R. Fortich - Member - Malayba
REGINA BLDG . ation lights, Medicines . 20th & Chicago Streets lay , Bukidnon
Vicente A. Rufino President - 4th P. B. Dionisio606 Rizal Avenue Port Area, Manila Buenaventura Lopez - Secretary - 210
Floor State Bldg . , Rizal Ave. , Manila 3-32-39, 3-21-83 -- P . B. Dionisio Gen. OFFICERS Vision , Manila
Carlos M. Sison Vice - president Msde . & Firearms & Ammunition . P. S.
-3rd Floor Priscila Bldg . , 541 Rizal Philippine Trading Co .-- 176 David , Jose P. Marcelo President - president.
Ave. , Manila Escolta - 3-25-62 — Jose Rodriguez - Fire Marcelo Steel Corp., Malabon , Rizal , Mr. Jose Cojuangco is also :
Romeo Villonco Treasurer 3rd arms & Ammunition . Cal . 680 . 1. Chairman, Board of Trustees , Far
Villonco Quezon Blvd. , Pioneer Indent Company - 304 Trd . N. 0. Mendoza - Exec . Vice - Pres. Eastern University
Floor Bldg . ,
Manila & Comm . Bldg .-none J. U. Villanueva Asst . General Manager, Philippine Steel 2. Chairman , Paniqui Sugar Mills
Textiles . 3. Vice - President, Rice Emergency
Jorge J. L. de Leon Secretary - 330 Corporation , Calvo Building, Escolta . Board
Regina Bldg . , 144 Escolta , Manila
R. G. Nicolas Gen. Supply_702 Manila , Tel. 2-82-97 .
Evangelista - 2-65-55, 2-67-49 Rafael Francisco Tong -- Vice - Pres . - Manager . 4. Member , National Economic Coun
Jose P. Madrigal - Asst. Secretary C. Nicolas - Bicycles , Bicycle Spare cil
Treasurer -- 3rd Floor Regina Bldg . , Phil. Blooming Mills, Co. , 337 A. Boni
Parts & Accessories & Gen. Msde . facio St. , Balintawak , Quezon City . 5. Memper. Boara of Directors , De
144 Escolta , Manila Reyes Auto Supply 687 Evangelista Cal . 651 . la Rama Steamship Co.
Victorino de Dios Director 1894 3-28-43Teofilo D. Reyes - Auto sup
Juan Luna , Manila Atelano Co - Treasurer - General Man
plies Batteries, Triple - A Batteries
Primitivo Garcia Director 829 Radiowealth Inc.-317 Raon - 3-26-61 ager, United Manufacturing Company ,
Rizal Ave. , Manila -Domingo Guevarra --Radios , Elec- c/ o Co Ban Kiat Hardware, 161 Rosario SUGAR
tronics , Machineries Batteries. St. , Manila , Tel . 2-84-21 .
Lino Guitierrez Director 1349
Rizal Ave. , Manila
R. C. Nicolas - 603 Magdalena - 2-65 Go Guan - Auditor - General Manager,
55 , 2-67-49 — Ricardo G. Nicolas - Paper Phil . Nail Factory , Protacio St. , Pasay PHILIPPINE SUGAR ASSOCIATION
Roberto Laperal Director 853
boards , Printer's Supplies . City, Tel . 5-22-87 or 5-24-87. Officers And Members Of The Exec
Rizal Ave., Manila R. Rebullida, Inc.-51 Escolta - 2-86 utive Committee ,
Manuel Lopa Director c / o Ma Murray M. Otstott, Jr. -Exec . Sec.
nila Auto Supply, 1052 Rizal Ave. , Ma 15 — Rafael Rebullida - Jewelries, Watch General Manager , Stonehill Steel Corp Ayala Building , Tel . 2-79-41
nila es , Diamonds , Metalware , etc. oration , 175 Rizal Avenue Extension , Jose YuloPresident
Sea Commercial Co. Inc. -Corner
Sales & Soler -- 3-86-95-- Jose G. San Grace Park , Cal . 491 or 3-80-44 Carlos Rivilla - Vice - President
Fernando Zobel Director R. Renton Hind -- Vice - President
c / o Ayala y Cia , Ayala Bldg . , Manila victores Agricultural Machineries , Jose L. Abutin - Secretary - c / o Stone
Carmen Vda . de Ongsiako Direc Fag . Materials . hill Steel Corporation . Juan Cojuangco - Vice - President
S. Jamieson - Secretary - Treasurer
tor 2037 Felix Huertas, Manila Malolos Trading - 602. Trd & Comm . MEMBER FIRMS
Rafael Roces Director c / o Ideal Bldg-2-75-72-Tirso T. Reves- Gen . Members :
Philippine Blooming Mills Company. J. Amado Araneia , O. H. Dershei
Bldg . , Rizal Ave. , Manila Mdse . , Outboard Motors . 337 A. Bonifacio St. , Quezon City . Mr. Antonio
Director 887 Talisman , Inc. -841 Rizal Ave.-- none
nier, Roxas, H. J. Young ,
Toribio Teodoro Francisco Tong, Manager . с H. Davies , Celso Lobregat , G. H.
Rizal Ave. , Manila Galicano Ador Dionisio Gen. Mer Wilkinson , Montelibano .
chandise . Philippine Nail Factory, Protacio St. , Alfredo
Jose Valero - Director - 1681 Donada Valdez Dept. Store - 511 Dasmariñas Pasay City , Mr. Go Guari . General Man- Sugar Centrals Operating For 1951-52
Pasay ! --3-23-85 - Emilio J. Valdez Babies ager . Corp.
BANKERS ASS'N OF THE PHIL .
LUZON
OFFICERS : Wear, Toys & Baby's needs . Philippine Steel Corporation Calvo
Vasjuez Bros. & Co. Inc.-- 742 R, HI Building , Escolta , Manila , Mr. Sia Plac , Canlubang Sugar Estate -- Alberto
President Eduardo Z. Romualdez , dalgo - 3-25-26 & 3-35-51- Pedro Vas General Manager , Mr. N. 0. Mendoza , del Rio - 450 Regina Building .
President , Philippine Trust Company quez - School & Office supplies . Asst. Gen. Manager . Luzon Sugar Compary - Jose M. Va
Vice - President C. R. Leaber, Ma Jose Garrido 1029 R. Hidalgo lero -- 218 Regina Building.
United Manufacturing Company, c/ o
nager, National City Bank of New 3188-50 & 3-31-40 — Jose Garrido Gen Co Ban Kiat Hardware, 161 Rosario , Pampanga Sugar Mills - 0 . H. Der
York , Manila Office eral Merchandies . Manila , Mr. Atelano Co , General Man sheimer - 99 Dasmarinas Bldg . , c/ o
Alberto C. Zoilo Rm .- 205 Singson Connell Bros.
Secretary Rafael S. Recto , Man ager . Central Azucarera Don Pedro -An
ager, Foreign Department, Philippine Eldg . -5-13-56 & 3-84-34 Alberto C.
Marcelo Steel Corporation , Malabon , tonio Roxas - 6th Floor , Soriano Build
National Bank Zoilo Flour, Yeast , Paper, Textiles , Rizal , Mr. Jose P. Marcelo , President.
etc. ing
Treasurer G. P. Cooke , Manager, Stonehill Steel Corporation , 175 Rizal Phil . Sugar Estates Dev . Co. , Ltd.
India , Australia Valleson , Inc.-323 Carriedo- ( 06 ) 514
Chartered Bank of Avenue Extension , Grace Park , Calo -Enrique Carballo - 301 Filipinas
& 3-86-94 ---Lorenzo J. Valdez - Textiles,
and China ocan , Rizal, Mr. Harry S. Stonehill , Building .
MEMBERS : Baby's things . President, Mr. Murray M. Otstott, Jr. ,
BOARD OF DIRECTORS Hind Sugar Company - C . M. Hud
Bank of America F. G. Moore , General Manager. son- 106 Trade & Commerce Build
Manager Mr. Jose G. San victores Asia Steel Corporation , 43A. del irg.
Bank of the Philippine Islands- San Mr. Henry A. Brimo Mundo St. , 1st St. Caloocan , Rizal , Central Azucarera del Norte - Va
Mr. Jose S. Rodriguez Mr. Yu Kong Tiong, Pres . & General lentin Teus - 167 General Solano St.
tiago Freixas, President Mr. D. L. Mercado
Mr. Manager, Atty. A. Mercado , Asst . Gen Paniqui Sugar Niills , Inc.-- Juan
Chartered Bank of India , Australia Ernesto Y. Sibal
& China G. P. Cooke, Manager eral Manager. Cojuangco — 448 Regina Building
Mr. Teofilo D. Reyes Pampanga Sugar Dev . Co. , Inc.
China Banking Corporation Albino Mr. Pacifico Ledesma Claparols Steel & Nail Plant , Bacolod Ernesto Escaler-334 Regina Build
Z. Sycip , President & General Man Mr. Rafael Rebullida City , Mr. Eduardo L. Claparols , Pres ilg
ager Mr. P. B. Dionisio ident . Central Azucarera de Tarlac-C . H.
Equitable Banking Corporation D. OFFICERS OF THE ASS'N Davies--212 Marques de Comillas St.
Pekson , Vice -President General President- Mr. Jose G. Sanvictores NEGROS
Man age r Vice - President--Mr. Teofilo D. Reyes PUBLISHERS Bacolod -Murcia Milling Co. , Inc.
Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corp. Secretary -Mr . P. B. Dionisio J. Amado Araneta-2nd Floor, Cha
-H . V. Parker , Actg . Manager Treasurer-Mr . Jose S. Rodriguez со Building
Monte de Piedad & Savings Bank FILIPINO PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION Central Azucarera de Bais - C . H.
-Luis Ablaza , Manager 289 Doroteo Jose, Manila Davies-212 Marques de Comillas St.
Peoples Bank & Trust Company - S. INSURANCE M. M. J. Enriquez Binalbagan - Isabela Sugar Co. , Inc.
PHILIPPINE BOOK COMPANY - Ernesto Oppen , Jr .--2nd Floor, The
Masanga , Manager Chronicle Building.
Actg . President
Phil . Bank of Commerce Felix de THE LIFE INSURANCE EXECUTIVES M E M B E R S Central Azucarera del Danao-J .
la Costa , Executive Vice -President Amado Araneta - 2nd Floor , Chaco
Phil . Bank of Communications K. OF THE PHILIPPINES Bookman Incorporated
FOR THE YEAR 1951 2236 Azcarraga , Manila Building .
Hwang. Manager University Publishing Co. Hawaiian Philippine Company
Phil . National Bank Leon Anche John L. Gartlan , President- Philip 823 O'Donnell , Manila G. H. Wilkinson --6th Floor . Ayala
ta , Vice - President pines Head Office , United States Life Manlapaz Publishing Bulldog
Insurance Co. , in the City of New
Phil . Trust Company Eduardo Z. York , 5th Floor, Wilson Bldg., Manila . 123, Retin , Sampaloc, Manila Lopez Sugar Central Mill Co. , Inc.
Romualdez , President M. E. Anatalio & Company - Carlos Lopez - Paterno Building.
Joseph Gorman , Vice-President - Lin Ma - ao Sugar Central Co. ,
Security Bank & Trust Company coln National Life Insurance Company. 629 Quiricada, Manila Araneta -- 2nd Floor ,
Inc.
R. P. Garcia Publishing J. Amado Chaco
Alfonso Calalang, President Ayala Building . Manila . Dapitan , Manila Building .
Fernando Villareal . Sec .- Treasurer Bustamante Press San Carlos Milling Co. , Ltd.-S.
Occidental Life Insurance Company . España Extension , Q. C. Jamiesol- 6th Floor , Ayala Build
IMPORTS MRS Building, Manila . Bardavon Book Company ing
MEMBERS AS OF DEC . 31 , 1951 Soler , Manila Sta . Aniceta Sugar Central - Eliseo
Dr. Osmundo Abueg - Lincoln Na- Modern Book Company Hervas - 311 - B Regina Building .
FILIPINO IMPORTERS ASSOCIATION tional Life Insurance Company , Ayala 846 Rizal Avenue , Manila Talisay - Silay Milling Co., Inc.-J.
Building, Manila . Macaraig Publishing Co. Aniado Araneta --2nd Floor, Chaco
Alemar's 749 Rizal Ave. - 3-39-14 Antonio Bantug-Occidental Life In- 811 Dart, Paco , Manila Building
Ernesto Y. Sibal -School & Office Sup surance Company, MRS Building, Ma- A. Q. Abiva Pub . House Victorias Milling Co. , Inc. -H , J
plies, books, religious articles & no nila . 930 Misericordia , Manila Young -- 2nd Floor, Ayala Building
 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
126
Findlay Millar Timber Co. , El Hogar España , Manila ( Chinese ,
PANAY Manila-6-62-33 . JOPSON'S GROCERY & COLD
Asturias Sugar Central , Inc.- H. Filipino Building ,
2-97-15 - A . W. Robertson , S. M. Aus- STORE , 300 San Anton , Sampaloc ,
Wilkinson - 6th Floor, Ayala Build - TRADERS . RamonRibbon
tinGolden J. Eguaras. Manila ( Mr. Hernan Jopson )
ing . Lumber Co. , Inc. , NATIONAL GROCERY , 124 Villalo
Central Azucarera de Pilar- MA 690 Tanduay , Manila - 3-26-84 - Col.
nuel Elizalde--2nd Floor , Elizalde bos, Manila ( Mr. Ngo Pio )
ASSOCIATION OF PHILIPPINE Pineda , Meneleo Carlos , G. T. Abaya .
Building TRADERS WITH JAPAN Gonzalo Puyat & Sons , Inc., 190 ROYAL GROCERY, 277 Libertad , Pa
Central Santos - Lopez Co. , Inc. -45 Ri Campos Rueda & Sons Antonio Rodriguez Arias, San Miguel , Manila- Say City ( Mr. King Lim Teng )
zal St. , lloilo City . Campos , Charles Crabtree 425 J. 3-26-93 -- Gil J. Puyat, Ramon Figueroa . SANITARY GROCERY & COLD
CERU Hercules Luinber Co. ,1 Inc., 135 Int.
Luna 2-70-97 STORE , 663 Dart , Paco, Manila ( Mr.
Bogo -Medellin Milling Co. , Inc. Mendoza , Calle Otis , Paco, Manila
S. Jamieson -6th Floor , Ayala Build Claude M , Wilson Trading Claude Que Diet )
6-65-32 - Manuel Miranda .
M Wilson , Louis da Costa - Ccas. In Building . Manila -- 2-77-59 - H . C. Pope , SUNSHINE BAKERY & GROCERY ,
ing
LEYTE vest. Bldg .-3-26-11 Insular Lumber Company, Filipinas 1. Abanao Street , Baguio ( Mr. Rodol
Ormoc Sugar Company , Inc. - Car Emmanuel Garcia Eusebio Garcia . Building, Manila - 2-77-59 - H . C. Pope, to del Rosario )
los Rivilla - Escolta Building. 46 Es Emmanuel Garcia 2nd Fl . Natividad A. F. Bende ...
3-28-87 International Hardwood Veneer
Olta . Bldg .
SUMMARY F. Lorenzana & Sons Solomon Co. ,316 Syquia , Sta . Ana, Manila
Her
PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION
Luzon 10 Centrals Lorenza na , Juan Lorenzana 480 J. 5-30-27 - Eduardo Cojuangco , L. 501 Ayala Building
nandez ,
Negros 12 Centrals Luna 2-84-50, 2-72-66 ( Pes .) Directors and Officials
3 Centrals
Genato Comm . Corp. Enrique An Marsman Development Co. , P. O.
Pinay Box 297 , Manila - 3-20-41-- A . de las
Ceb1 1 Centrai geles, Francisco Genato - 1075 R. Hi Hon . Carlos P. Romulo , President
lete
1 Central
dalgo 3-26-48 , 6-65-11 ( Res . ) Alas, J. B. Stapler, Alec Morris . Embassy of the Philippines, Washing
TOTAL 27 Centrals Misamis Lumber Co., Inc., Ozam's ton , D. C.
Jose L Yatco & Co. – J. L. Yatco- City , Occ . Misamis - 6-64-41 ---Francis
Western Pacific , 870 Rizal Ave. co Capistrano , Nicolas Capistrano , Jr. Judge John W. Haussermann , Chair
Nasipit Lumber Co. , Inc., Fernandez man of the Board - Pond Run Farm .
SURETY 2-94-69
Ledesma Comm . Co. Inc. Pacifico
Hnos . Building, Manila -- 1-92-50 --Car- New Richmond, Ohio , U.S.A.
los P. Fernandez , Juan S. Versoza . Hon . Gil J. Puyat, Vice-Chairman
Ledesma 2nd Fl . Ayali Eidg
2-87-02 , 2-90-39 , 6-79-20 ( Res . ) North Camarines Lumber Co., Inc .. c / o Gonzalo Puyat & Sons, Inc. , 190
SURETY ASS'N OF THE PHILIPPINES 672 Juan Luna , Manila 2-70-9 . A. Rodriguez Arias , Manila
Manila , Philippines Marvex Comm . Co. Inc. Santiago 2-62-13-S . C. Choy , Ngo Ca Hu Col. Andres Soriano , Vice -President
Chairman , The Capital Insurance & E. Yap , Angel Edrosa. 548 Quezon Philippine Lumber Manufacturing -C / O A. Soriano y Cia . , Soriano Build
Surety So. , Inc. Blvd. 3-39-63 , 2-72-77 ( Res . ) Co. , 16-20 Soler , Binondo . Manila
PB . Dionisio - P. B. Dionisio 60C ing , Manila
Deputy Chairman , Tabacalera Insur 2-68-32-George Dee See Kiat, Robert Gerald Wilkinson , Vice - President
ance Company Rizal Ave. 3-32-39, 3-21-83 Dee See Wee .
Governor, The Philippine Guaranty Philippine Base Metals Enrique co Theo . H. Davies & Co. ( Far East ) ,
Philippine Plywood Corporation , EU Lid . , Ayala Building, Manila
Co. , Inc. Sta . Maria , Honorato Sta . Maria
Garcia Bldg . , Rm . 210 3-88-11 ( loc .
Hogar Filipino Building , Manila - 3-84 Hon . Felino Neri , Exec . Vice - Pres
Governor, Luzon Surety Company, 30 , 4-76-56 -- Jose C. Espinosa . ident c / o Department of Foreign
Inc. 11 ) Sta . Cecilia Sawmills , Inc., El Hogar
Philippine Traders Martiniano G. Filipino Building, Manila - 4-76-56 Affairs , Arlegui, Manila
Governor , Provident Insurance Co.
Abad 310 Dasinariñas 3-39-89 , Tomas B. Morato , Sr. , Tonias B. Mo- A. M. Macleod , Director - c / o A. So
of the Philippines rato, Jr. riano y Cia . , Soriano Building , Manila
Treasurer , Mr. Felix Tanchanco 2-63-74 ( Res . )
Sta . Clara Lumber Co. , Inc. , 501 Aurelio Periquet , Director -- c/ o A.
MEMBERSHIP Victorino Arambulo Victorino
-

Tecson , Corner T. Earnshaw , Manila Periquet & Co., Regina Building , Ma

Arambulo 1109 Narra 2-65-14
Alto Surety and Insurance Co. , Inc. , Rebecca Osias Chua Rebecca Osias 2-67-62--Manuel Diaz , Mr. Sicat . nila
121-123 Escolta , Manila Chua , Conrado Chua 412 El Hogar , Taggat Sawmill Company , Inc., 181 Ramon V. del Rosario , Director - c / o
Associated Insurance and Surety Co. , Fiña , Sta . Mesa , Manila -6-76-12 . U. S. -Philippine Life Insurance Co.
Filipino Bldg . 2-99-56 2-89-47 -Alfonso Lim , S. P. Ty , J. G. Wilson Bldg., Juan Luna , Manila
Inc. , Regina Building, Escolta , Manila Gaudencio Mascareñas Gaudencin Bonoan . Peter Lim , Director - c / o La Dicha
The Capital Insurance and Surety Mascareñas, C. L. Mascareñas 1460 Western Mindanao Lumber Co. , Inc., Cig . & Cig. Mfg . Co., 429 Asuncion .
Co .. Inc. , Tuason Building , Escolta , Narra 2-71-41 P. O. Box 1580, Manila , or 344 Legaspi Manila
Manila Sea Comm . ro . Inc. Jose G. San St. Davao City - 5-35-18 - Gaudencio
Central Surety and Insurance Com victorcs Corner Sales & Soler Sts . Paul Parrette , Director - c / o Philip
E. Antonino, Mrs. Gaudencio E. Anto pine Manufacturing Co. , San Luis ,
pany , Burke Building, Escolta , Manila 3-86-95 nino . Manila
Century Insurance Co. , Inc. Rm . 306 Pacific Star Inc. Gecrge H. Weg Woodcraft Works, Ltd. , Regina Build
Trade and Commerce Building , Juan witz , Ambrosio P. Cantada 1004 R. ing, Manila --3-22-31 , Local 27 - N . N.
J. R. McMicking , Director -- c / o Ayala
Luna, Manila Kosloff .
y Cia . , Ayala Bldg . , Manila
Hidalgo 3-30-23 Demetrio S. Santos , Director c/ o
Commonwealth Insurance Company , E. V. Mendoza & Co. E. V. Men Woodworks , Incorporated . Regina Import Control Commission , Port Area .
Soriano Building , Plaza Cervantes doza , A. M. Reyes 431 Ronquillo Building, Escolta , Manila - 2-86-73, Manila
Manila 3-27-29 3-22-31 -Luis J. Reyes, E. A. Toeg . N. William J. Bakrow , Public Relations
Empire Insurance Company , Nativi Philippine Tiles S. G. Batac N. Kosloff .
Director c/o Philippine Association ,
dad Building, Escolta , Manila Grd . Fl . Cu Unjieng Bldg 3-30-13 . Inc. , 501 Ayala Bldg . , Manila
Far Eastern Surety and Insurance 2-87-68 J. A. Carpio, Secretary - c / o Philip
Co. , Inc. , Veloso Building, David , Ma Reyes Auto Supply Atty . T. Reyes RETAIL GROCERS pine Association , Inc., 501 Ayala Bldg . ,
nila -687 Evangelista 3-28-43 Manila
Fidelity & Surety Company of the Bill Obligacion Bill Obligacion CHARTER MEMBERS :
Phil . Islands , Consolidated Invest MANILA RETAIL GROCERS ' ASSN
679 Evangelista , c /o Oriental Machin BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR 1951 As of July 15 , 1951
ments Building, Manila ery San Miguel Brewery , Inc. Aviles St ..
Officers and Directors of the Assn
Filipinas Compañia de Seguros, Fi BOARD OF DIRECTORS San Miguel, Manila
lipinas Building , Manila Mr. Martiniano G. Abad Ismael Mathay ( P. Austria & Co. )
President, President Haussermann Interest , c /o Benguet
First National Surety and Assurance Executive Vice - President, Mr. San K. C. Wu, Vice - President Consolidated Mining Co. , Baguio City ,
Co. , Inc. , Natividad Building, Manila tiago E. Yap May M. Wu , Treasurer Philippines
Vice -President, Mr. Solomon Loren LEE NGAN ( International Foods Hawaiian - Philippine Company. Ayala
General Indemnity Company , Inc. ,
204 Regina Building. Escolta , Manila zana Supply ), Director Building , Manila
Luzon Surety Company , Inc. , Luzco Secretary , Mr. P. B. Dionisio JOHN D. K. NG ( Society Bakery & Philippine Manufacturing Company ,
Building, David , Manila Treasurer. Mr. Antonio Campos , Jr Grocery ), Director corner San Luis & L. Guerrero, Ermita ,
Malayan Insurance Company , Inc. , MEMBERS OF THE BOARD Lee Tung . Director Manila
166 Rosario , Binondo , Manila Mr. Enrique R. Angeles Joseph Bung Ng , Director International Harvester Company ,
The Manila Insurance Company , Mr. Jose L. Yatco 154 Marques de Comillas St. , Manila
Pablo Yaptangco, Director
Inc., 109 Juan Luna , Manila Mr. Claude Wilson Evelyn ૨. Nolasco , Secretary Manila Electric Company, San Mar
Mr. Enrique Santa Maria NAMES OF THE MEMBER -GROCERS' celino St. , Manila
Manila Surety and Fidelity Co., Inc.,
Monte de Piedad Building, Santa Cruz, AS OF APRIL 12 , 1951 Atlantic , Gulf & Pacific Company ,
Manila ACE GROCERY & COLD STORE , 520 of Manila , Punta , Sta . Ana , Manila
LUMBER Echague, Manila ( Chinese ) A. Soriano y Cia . , 5th Floor , Soriano
Manila Underwriters Insurance Co. ,
Inc. , 221 Natividad Building , Escolta , UNITED MARKET & COLD STORES , Building. Plaza Cervantes . Manila .
Manila 15 P. Goiti , Manila , ( Chinese ) Philippine Refining Co. , Inc., 1035
PHILIPPINE LUMBER PRODUCERS' RIZAL GROCERY & COLD STORES,
Insurance Company. ASSOCIATION . INC . Isaac Peral , Paco , Manila
Metropolitan 810 F. B. Harrison , ( Chinese ) Victorias Milling Company, Ayala
Elizalde Building , Manila Room 307 El Hogar Filipino Building PHILIPPINES COLD STORES , 503
Pacific Union Insurance Company , MANILA . PHILIPPINES Echague, Manila , ( Chinese ) Building, Manila
Regina Building, Manila A. DE LAS ALAS . president STANDARD GROCERY & COLD Philippine Long Distance Telephone
Paramount Surety and Insurance H. C. POPE, 1st vice president Co. , Marques de Comillas St. , Manila
CARLOS P. FERNANDEZ , 2nd vice STORES , 806 Sta . Mesa , Manila , (Chi Yutivo Sons Hardware Company ,
Co. , Inc. , 454 Nueva Street , Manila nese
Peoples Surety & Insurance Co. , president Yutivo Building, Dasmariñas St., Ma
Dasmariñas, TOMAS B. MORATO SR , director INTERNATIONAL FOODS SUPPLY , nila
Inc., Jalandoni Building ,
A. W. ROBERTSON , director 399 A. Mabini, Manila (Chinese )
Manila Philippine Air Lines , Inc. , 2nd Floor,
LUIS J. REYES . director FRISCO BAKERY & GROCERY , 1828 MRS Building, Plaza Cervantes , Manila
The Philippine Guaranty Co. , Inc., MANUEL DIAZ , director Azcarraga , Manila , (Chinese )
Filipinas Building, Manila SUSTAINING MEMBERS :
PACIFICO DE OCAMPO , secretary QUIAPO GROCERY COLD Cathay Company, 316 Nueva St.
Philippine Surety and Insurance Co. ,
treasurer STORES , 414 Echague, Manila, (Chi Manila
Inc. , 509 Dasmariñas , Manila nese )
( Members as of August 24 , 1951 ) San Carlos Milling Company , Ayala
Plaridel Surety and Insurance Com Abarro & Sons , Inc. , P. O. Box 107. IMPORT MEAT & PRODUCE CO . ,
Building , Santa Cruz , Building , Manila
pany, Narcisa Zamboanga City- Domingo Abarro . F. E. Zuellig, Inc. , 55 Rosario St ..
Manila 318 Echague, Manila , ( Filipino )
Aguinaldo Development Corporation SOCIETY BAKERY & GROCERY , Manila
Provident Insurance Company of the ( Formerly , Gulf Lumber Co. Inc ) E17 Sta . Mesa , Manila . (Chinese ) Philippine Iron Mines , Punta ,
Phils . , Regina Building , Manila ST. GEORGE GROCERY , 242 Que
Sta.
889 Rizal Ave. , Tel . 2-89-74 -Daniel R. Ana , Manila
Republic Surety and Insurance Co. , Aguinaldo . zon Blvd. , ( Chinese ) IBM Corporation of the Philippines,
Inc. , Koh Building, Santa Cruz , Manila American Rubber Company. Isabela . TIP TOP GROCEPY & COLD 2nd Floor, Regina Building , Escolta
Rizal Surety and Insurance Comi City of Basilan - J . W. Strong . STORES , 523 Echague . Manila , (Chi- Manila
pany , Gibbs Building , Dasmariñas. Anakan Lumber Company, Fernan nese ) Roxas y Cia . , 6th Floor, Soriano
Manila dez Hnos . Building . Manila - 4-92-50 ACME SUPER MARKET . 133 P. Fau Building, Plaza Cervantes, Manila
Carlos P. Fernandez , Juan S. Versoza . ra , ( Chinese ) Central Azucarera Don Pedro , 6th
South Sea Surety and Insurance Co. , Bislig Bav Lumber Co. , Inc, Soriano
Inc., Muelle de Binondo , Manila PEOPLE'S FOOD SUPPLY , 108 Villa Floor, Soriano Building, Plaza Cer
Building , Manila -3-82-71-F . M. Ra vantes , Manila
State Bonding and Insurance Co. , wolle . R. A. Olbes . iobos , ( Chinese )
Inc. , Capitol Theater Building, Escolta, SATISFACTION MARKET , Kanlaon , Ice & Cold Storage Industries of tho
Cantilan Lumber Company,
Manila Q. C. , (Chinese ) Phil . , c/ o San Miguel Brewery, Inc.,
Reynaldo Lumber Co. , Alcazar Build ANDY FOOD SUPPLY , 310 Echague,
Manila- 3-31-41 - Robert Freider . Aviles St. , Manila
Tabacalera Insurance Company , Mar ing ,
ques de Comillas, Manila Goza Freider . Luis F. Ramirez . Manila , ( Filipino ) Shell Company of the Philippines,
Traders Insurance and Surety Com Central Zambales Sawmill , c / o Mr. QUR GROCERY & COLD STORES , Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Building,
pany, 201-203 Juan Luna , Manila Mariano Santos , 1501 Sande, Manila Canlaon , Q. C. , ( Filipino ) Juan Luna , Manila
Union Surety Mariano Santos . LUZON MARKET , 958 A. Mabini , Standard -Vacuum Oil Company
and Insurance Co. , Isaac Peral, Manila
Inc. , Metropolitan Theater Building, Dahican Lumber Company, c'o ( Chinese )
Plaza Lawton , Manila Connell Bros. Co. , 99 Dasmariñas , Ma C. K. CHING GROCERY, 503 Bam- Bankers' Association of the Philip
nila -- 2-69-11 - G , C. Miller , F. Florence . bang, Manila , (Chinese ) pines, c/o Dr. Eduardo Z. Romualdez ,
Universal Insurance and Indemnity FEDERAL GROCERY, 363 Quezon President, Philippine Trust Company ,
Company, Filipinas Building, Manila Dingalan Lumber Co. , Inc. , 408 E
Aviles Manila - 6-74-68 - Felipe Blvd. , ( Chinese ) Plaza Goiti , Manila
Visayan Surety and Insurance Cor St. ,
Cham Samco & Sons , Inc. , 306 Santo
poration , Trade & Commerce Building, Buencamino, Jr. , O. D. Arriola ALING NENA'S GROCERY , Quinta
Cristo, Manila
Juan Luna , Manila Escos Lumber Mill, Bacolod City Quiapo ( Filipino
Market, AL ) Caltex ( Philippines ) ,
Inc., Insula :
CENTR SUPPLY
FOODS 59 Isaac
The World Wide Surety & Insurance Sebastian Cosculluela .
Peral, Manila (Chinese ) Life Building, Plaza Moraga , Manila
Co. , Inc. , Escolta Building , Manila Eureka Sawmill & Co. , Inc. , Tac DAVID'S GROCERY , 675 Quinta Franklin Baker Company or the
The Yek Tong Lin Fire and Marine loban , Leyte , or 32 Valenzuela , Sta . Philippines, Moserco Building, Port
Insurance Co. , Ltd. , 310 Dasmariñas Mesa, Manila - 6-74-21 - Gerardo Villa Mkt . , Quiapo, Manila ( Filipino )
ISMAEL MATHAY ENTERPRISES 156 Area . Manila
Street. Manila sin .
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 127
SUBSCRIBING MEMBERS : NON - QUOTA HOLDERS
CNS Enterprises, Cor . Colon & Jun- -Fourescent lamp tubes , radio sets ,
Theo . H. Davies & Co. , Far East . La Patria Cigar Factory , Malabon , quera Sts . Cebu City-Beauty parlor etc.
Ltd., Ayala Building , Manila Rizal products Philippine Blooming Mill Co. , 337 A.
Bogo -Medellin Miliing Company , Inc. , Gonzalba Cigar Factory , 1314 , Wa- Compania de Celulosa de Filipinas Bonifacio, Quezon City--Nails and wire
Ayala Building, Manila c / o Compana General de Tabacos de Philippine Blooming Mill Co. , 337 A.
shington Ave. , Mla , Bolts and
Earnshaws Docks & Honolulu Iron Quotas allocated to these factories are Filipinas - Bond & writing paper , hy Bonifacio , Quezon City
Works, 60 2nd Port Area , Manila drochloric acid for use in welding nuts
temporary and it terminates at the shops , etc.
Warner , Barnes & Company Ltd. , end of the calendar year . Philippine Can Company, Manila
Cosmos Foundry Shop , 112 M. H.
Soriano Building , Plaza Cervantes , 11 . COCONUT OIL ( in Long Tons ) del Pilar St. , Caloocan , Rizal-- Alu
Plates , caserolas , etc.
Manila
Spencer, Kellog & Sons , 53,340.71, minum kettles
Philippine Electrical Manufacturing
Commonwealth Insurance Company , 213 Myers Bldg . , Port Area ( not oper Doncol Company , c / o Roxas , Picaso & Mejia ,
Floor, Soriano Building , Plaza Delgado, Dominguez Soriano
3rd
ating ) Foundry Shop , 34 Bacood St. , Sta Bldg . , Manila - Incandescent
Cervantes, Manila Phil . Refining 84,686.45 , 1035 bulbs & flourescent lamps
Co. , Mesa , Manila - Cooking pots out of
Philippine Electrical Manufacturing Isaac Peral , Mla . Philippine Fiber Processing Co ..
aluminum
Co., 27 P. Domingo St. , Makati , Rizal Calamba Sugar Estate , 594.17 c / o Dominador P. Canlas, 306 Saman- Chaco Bldg . , Manila - Jute bags and
Gregorio Araneta , Inc. , 343 Echague, Mr. Jose Yulo , Elizalde y Cia .. Re illo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila -- Lean jute sacks .
St. , Manila gina Bldg . pencils Philippine Flat Iron Manufacturing
Edward J. Nell & Company, Arzo Lu Do & Lu Ym Corp. , 15,414.98 , Domingo Legaspi, A. Mabini , Man- Company, 505-507 Benavides St .. Ma
bispo St. , Intramuros, Manila 210 Juan Luna , Manila . daluyong. Rizal - Kettles nila-Fat iron
Liddell & Company , Isaac Peral St. , Luzon Ind . Corp. , 12,481.40 , 2nd Flr . Dong Tek Foundry Shop , 527 FI- Philippine Industrial Chemicals , 55
Manila Chaco Bldg . , Mla . cano , Manila - Iron soil pipes , etc 63 Rosario St. , Manila - Superphos
J , M. Tuason Co. , Inc. , 436 San Luis 14,640.07 , 3rd Eternit of the Philippines, c / o
Madrigal Oil Mills, phate & other chemicals
St. , Manila Amon Trading , Manila- Asbestos ce . Philippine Knitting Factory (Chung
Pacific Far East Line , Inc. , Robert
FlrPhil Co. .. 3,015.19 ,
. Mfg . Bldg
. Regina Myers ment
Kiat Hua & Co. ) , P. O. Box 1685 Ma
Dollar Building. Por Area , Manila Bldg , Port Area . Fentron ( Phils . ) . Inc. P. O, Box
nila - Knitted fabrics
Gonzalo Puyat & Sons , Inc. , 190 A. Central Vegetable Oil , 2,143.90 , 308- 1151. Manila - Grills , frames, windows Philippine Nail Factory, Inc. , 219-B
Rodriguez Arias St. , San Miguel, Ma etc.
310 Azcarraga , Mla . Florentino F. Oliver, 41 Punta , Sta . Protacio St. , Pasay City-Nails
nila Ing . Oil Factory , 18.76 , 574 M. de Ana, Manila - Kettles Philippine Oil Development Co , Pla
Fernandez Hermanos, Inc. , 109 Juan Binondo , Mla , za Cervantes, Manila --Petroleum , rock
Luna, Manila NAME OF NON -QUOTA HOLDERS Globe Foundry Shop . Angeles , Pam
panga -- Kettles & pans or carbon , gas , etc ,
L. R. Aguinaldo & Co. , Inc. , 801 San Pablo Oil Factory, Inc. , 99 Guanzon Lime Development Co. , Philippine Paper Mills , 202 - A Juan
Echague St. , Manila Inc. , 10th Ave. Rizal Avenue Ext .. Luna , Manila - Chipboard or cardboard
Dasmarinas , Manila from scrap paper
Koppel ( Philippines ) , Inc. , 23rd St., Wee Kun Coprax Industry Co. , Tu Caloocan , Rizal - Crushed lime
Port Area , Manila maga Road , Zamboanga City Hap Hing Foundry Shop . 129 G Philippine Plywood Corporation , 823
Insular Lumber Company , Filipinas Royal Mfg ., Co. , 1104 San Fernan- Teodoro St .. Grace Park - Soil pipes Rizal Avenue , Manila–Pywood
Building, Plaza Moraga , Manila do , Mla . & accessories Philippine Ramie Desiccating, Inc. ,
La Tondeña , Inc. , 618 Echague St. , Pangasinan Mfg . Co. , 1104 San Fer Hermoso Hermanos. Inc. , Maycau- 183 Soler , Manila - Processing of ra
Manila ayan , Bulacan-Leather tanning mie fibers
Philippine Guaranty Co. , Inc. , Insu nando , Mla . H. G. Henares & Sons , 217 Aurora . Philippine Recording System , 1106
Quotas alloted to these factories are
lar Life Building , Plaza Moraga , Ma temporary and terminate at the end Pasay City -Chalk manufacturing Tayabas, Sta . Cruz , Canila - Phono
nila I. Feng Enamelling Co. , Inc. , 205 graph records
of the calendar year .
Ayala y Cia . , Ayala Building, Manila Ban Chuan Bldg . , 562 T. Pinpin , Ma Philippine Steel Corporation , 224
Ill . CORDAGE ( In Pounds ) nila - Enamel products . like contain Calvo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila-Nails
Filipinas Compania de Seguros, Fi Elizalde Rope Factory . 4,887,497.04 , ers, dinner plates, coffee pots , etc.
lipinas Building, Plaza Moraga , Manila and barb wires
Muelle de la Industria International Hardwood & Veneer
H. E, Heacock Company , Dasmariñas Manila Cordage Co. 1,106,207.43 , Co. , 316 Syquia , Sta . Ana, Manila Philippine Tin Lithography Co. , 627
St., Manila Veneer & plywood Dayao St. , Balut , Manila bottle caps
Cristobal & Otis Sts . , Paco , Manila from tin wastes
Compañia Gral . de Tabacos de Fili General Mfg . Co. , 6,295.53, ( not Jacinto Music Store & Piano, 1723
pinas, 212 Marquez de Comillas St .. Oroquieta , Manila - pianos Philippine Tobacco Flue Curing &
Manila operating ) Jacinto Rubber & Plastics Co. Inc. Redrying Corporation 24th Boston St.
IV . PEARL
OR SHELL BUTTONS
Central Azucarera de Bais , 221 Mar 5th Ave. , Grace Park , Caloocan , Ri Port Area , Manila Proceesing of
( In Gross ) zal -Plastic products flue
quez de Comillas St. , Manila
Central Azucarera de Tarlac , 212 Shell -Craft & Button Corp. , 139,017 . Kim Hong Foundry Shop , 525 Cam- Philippine Wallboard Corporation
1243 Otis St. Paco , Mla . ba St. , Manila --Soil pipes, hand pipes. (Nasipit Lumber Company) 3rd Floor
Marques de Comillas St., Manila Phil . Button Corp. , 582,712 c /o Mr. etc
Compañia de Celulosa de Filipinas, Fernandez Bldg. , Juan Luna Manila-
Wolfson , Soriano Bldg . , Manila (not Kim Lioc Seng Foundry Shop , Ca- Wallboards
212 Marques de Comillas St. , Manila Rizal - Soil pipes and acces
loocan ,
Price Stabilization Corporation , Port operating ) sories Plastic , Inc. , Monte de Pieded Bldg ..
Area , Manila Manila Button Factory , 108,265 , Manila-Plastic products
1243 Otis St. , Paco . , Mla . ( leased to La Hormiga Factory. 33 Bugallon,
ASSOCIATE MEMBERS : San Juan , Rizal- Cleanser powder Potsdam Glass & Bottles Factory
Fabar Incorporated , Tennessee Shell Craft for 6 years-Agreement etc.
cor . 288 Rizal St. , Makati , Rizal Wine
Dakota , Manila dated Nov. 22 , 1941 ) Leon Cabarroguez & Company , Es bottles , pomade jars , etc.
Bacolod Ice & Cold Storage Co., c /o Malate Shell Art . , 41
NAME OF NON - QUOTA HOLDERS colta , Manila -- Phonograph records Premier Shirts & Pants Factory
San Miguel Brewery, Inc. , Aviles St., Manila Pearl Button Corp. 1780 P. Liberty Foundry Shop , ? 38 A. Bau 110-130 A. Mabini , Caloocan , Rizal
Manila tista , Punta , Sta . Ana Manila -- Alu- Knitted cotton fabrics
Visayan Ice & Cold Storage Co. , c/o Guevarra , Sta . Cruz , Manila ininim kettles
L. R. del Rosario Button Works , Litton & Company, Inc. , 540 Juan Quinciano Cornez Foundry Shop Ka
San Miguel Brewery, Inc., Aviles St., lentong, Mandaluyon, Rizal Kettles
Manila 73 Labo St. , Q. C Luna , Manila - Knitting & dyeing cot
Advertising Associates , Inc. , Isla de Pacific Pearl Button Factory , Ma- ton goods out of aluminum scrap
Provisor. M. de Comillas , Manila kisig St. , Sta . Mesa , Manila . Lopez Cosmetics Laboratory . 1138 Radio Electronics Headquarters 821
Amon Trading Corporation , Bonifa Quotas alloted to these factories are Trabajo , Sampaloc . Manila - Beauty Misericondia St., Manila Radio rece
cio Drive, Manila temporary and terminate at the parlor products ivers . amplifiers , etc.
Cebu Portland Cement Company , end of the calendar year . Luxaire Products , Inc. , Manila-- Ramie Corporation of the Philippines
Pilots Building. M. de la Industria . V. SCRAP & FILLER TOBACCO ( in Wood doors . partition & window jalous- 343 Echague , Manila Processing of
Manila ies raw ramie fibers
Lbs . )
Mackay Radio & Telegraph Com - Helena Cigar Factory 1.794,124 , 5th Macario Marquez , 335 Ariston Bau- Republic Foundry Shop Manila
pany, Trade & Commerce Building, tista , Punta , Sta . Ana, Manila -- Cools Household utensils
Flr . Alcazar Bldg . , Manila , ing utensils
Juan Luna, Manila Alhambra , 1,376,909, 31 Tayuman St. Riverside Manufacturing Company
P. L. Lim , Inc. , 123 Juan Luna . Tondo , Manila . Manila Foundry Corporation . A. Bo- Wilson Bldg , Manila Knitted fabrics
Manila Aguado Hermanos , 53,667 103 Bal- nifacio St. , Makati , Rizal. - Auminum and piece goods
Insular Sugar Refining Company , mes , St. , Manila wares Rizal Rubber Company , 560 Park
Pureza St. , Sta . Mesa , Manila Bunning & Co. , 2,201,542 , Insular Manlo Enterprises, Inc. , 1058 Rizal Ave. , Pasay City Molded mechani
RCA Communications , Inc. , Insular Life Bldg . Ave. , Manila -- Tin crown bottle caps cal & pharmceutical goods
Life Building , Plaza Moraga , Manila Go Fay & Co. , 113,311 , 445 Salazar , Manufacturers Associates , 434 Rizal Salvador Tolentino & Co , 89 Rosario,
Manila Railroad Company, C / O Mr Manila Slide Fastener ( zipper )
Jacinto Bautista , Traffic Manager , Manila Ave. Ext. , Grace Park , Caloocan . Ri Aviles .
Minerva , 20.653 . ( not operating zal - Cotton knitted fabrics San Miguel Brewery, 132
Azcarraga St. , Manila Marble Corporation of the Philip Manila Glass bottles , cartoon con
430 Tanduay, Manila . tainers
Manila Hotel Company , Manila pines , 380 Tanduay , Manila - Lime
Asturias Sugar Central , Inc. , Ayala stone products Santa Ana Steel Mills , 109 Domingo ,
Building, Manila Marcelo Rubber & Latex Products , Makati Steel bars
Cheng Ban Yek & Co. , Ltd. , 574 M.
TAX EXEMPT FIRMS Inc. , Malabon , Rizal -Cleanser powder Santiago Lagasca & Co. , Manila
de Binondo, Manila Marcelo Rubber & Latex Products , Aluminum cooking pots, etc.
Ajax International Corporation , Inc .. 20 Bonifacio St. , Malabon , Rizal Spouses Perfecto Roque & Lucia
Chronicle Building , Aduana St., Ma LIST OF APPLICANTS AND TYPE Eufemio , Angeles , Pampanga Kettles
OF INDUSTRIES GRANTED TAX Nails
nila EXEMPTION SINCE SEPTEMBER 30 , Marcelo Rubber & Latex Products , Stonehill Steel Corporation , 175 Rizal
Getz Bros. & Co. , 135 M. de Binondo , Inc .. Malabon , Rizal - Inorganic pig- Ave. Ext. Grace Park , Caloocan , Rizal
1946 Wire & nails
Manila ments , clay, shoes laces , eyelets
Philippine Advertising Counselors , Advertising Associates Isla de Pro- Marcelo Tire & Rubber Corporation , Sun Brothers & Co. , Dasmarinas St. ,
Inc. , 2nd Floor , Soriano Bldg . , Plaza Manila Cotton and rayon socks
visor , Manila - Manufacture & rep Malabon , Rizal- Pneumatic tires &
Cervantes, Manila roduction of ns, pictures, trade tubes , hose , etc Superior Gas Equipment Co., 6 Byrd
AFFILIATE MEMBERS : marks, etc. Marcelo Steel Corporation, Malabon , St. , Mandaluyon , Rizal Liquid &
C. S. Gonzales & Company . Cu Un Agriconi Development Co. , Inc. Cor . Rizal Merchants bars , rods, wire coils , solid carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas
jieng Buiding, T. Pinpin , Manila San Rafael & Aviles , Manila - Manu etc. Superior Manufacturing Co. , Fish
Choan Huat Co. , Inc. , 460 Juna Lu facture of seasoning powder ing twines , nets drawing & writing
na , Manila Amibu , Inc. 501 Burke Bldg . , Escol- Mareco ( Villar & Company ) , Escol- pencils
Mr. Edouard F. Miailhe c / o Mr. Pierre ta, Manila - Fish - nets making ta . Manila - Phonograph records Tay Heng Ename & Aluminum Wa
Antonio Isidro 431 Sto . Cristo, Me Mariano de los Santos & Co .. 2150 Factory , Inc. 1312 Balintawak .
M. Deleplanque Amibu, Inc. , 501 Burke res
Tondo , Manila Enamel Wares and
Building, Manila nila - Manufacture of aluminum ba- Luna . Pasay City - Knitted cotton fab-
eins rics , rayon socks , etc. stainles flatwares
Aquino Go 95 - A . Mabini, Caloocan , Mayon Metal Windows, Inc. , Dasma Trinity Steel Corporation , 34 Mt.
Rizal ---Manufacture of kettles rinas , Manila - Metal doors , windows . Samat , Rizal Ave. Ext. , Caloocan , Ri
QUOTA HOLDERS Araneta Inst . of Agriculture , Ri etc. zal Nails
zal Avenue Ext . , Caloocan , Rizal National Development Company , United Foundry Shop , Caloocan , Ri
Poultry medicines Manila-Pulp and paper zal Kettles
Exports To US Arte Español, 2655 Herran , Manila National Fastener Corporation of the United Manufacturing Co. La Torre
-Steel windows Philippines , c / o Menzi& Company. Corner F. M. Guerrero Nails
1. CIGARS ( in cigars ) Asia Foundry Shop , 158-160 Rizal Manila - Slide fastener Virginia Trading , 185 Rosario St.
Helena Cigar Factory , 123.803,897 , Ave. Ext . , Caloocan - Soil pipes , hand National Shipyard & Graving Dock , Manila Luggage and cardboard
water pumps, etc. frames
5th Flr . , Alcazar Bldg, Engineer Island , Manila - Building &
Cia Gral . de Tab . De Fil . , 31,255,534 , Bolinao Electronics Corporation , Vi- repairing coastwise & ocean going ves Ventura Steel Window-Door Co. , 340
to Cruz St. San Juan , Rizal- Auto sels
212 M. de Comillas . Mayhaligue St. , Manila - Steel window
matic dia ! telephone, switchboards
La Insular , 11,250,572 , 441 Mabini , transformers , etc. New Far Eastern Foundry Shop . Ca Wonder Mechanical Engineering , 13
Caloocan .
loocan . Rizal - Aluminum kettles & 10 H. Hizon , Sta . Cruz , Manila
El Oriente , 2,378 . 434 , 602 Tanduay , Dionisio Ponce , Yangco St., Navo stove bases Machines for making cigarette papers ,
Manila , ( not operating ) tas, Rizal -Kettles pails , lead washers , nails , etc.
Alhambra , 29,369,257 , 31 Tayuman , Ong Ching Foundry Shop , 97 A. M
Central Knitting & Weaving Fac bini , Caloocan , Rizal - Soil pipes , hand Woodworks, Inc. , 414 Regina Bldg . ,
Tondo , Mla . tory , 616 Camba St. , Manila - Knit Manila Plywood and veneer
La Flor de Intal . 760,917 , c/o Al ted fabrics for undershirts, socks , waterpumps, etc.
Yupangco & Sons, Inc. , Port Area ,
hambra , Tondo , Mla . tuwels , etc. Ong Siong Foundry Shop , 93 9th Ave. Manila Pianos and organs
La Yebana , 804,535 , c / o Sebastian Central Steel Manufacturing Co. Grace Park , Caloocan , Rizal- Soil pipes Ysmael Steel Manufacturing Co ..
Ugarte , Soriano Cia , Soriano Bldg . & accessories Bldg ..
Inc. , Caloocan , Rizal-Nails Plaza Goiti . Cons . Invest .
Manila Chemical Industries of the Phil Oliverio Laperal , 853 Rizal Ave. , Manila Steel Cabinets
La Colonial , 85,674 , ( not operating ) irpines . 205-209 Natividad Bldg . , Ma- Manila - Copper & iron wires Lucia Eufemio Foundry Shop , Baco
La Flor de la Isabela , 58,227 , co pila - Sulphuric acide Pablo de la Cruz , L, R. Yangco St. , lor , Pampanga Soil pipes
Tabacalera , 212 M. de Comillas Chua Tek Him Foundry Shop , 766 Navotas , Rizal-- Kettles Philippine Blooming Mils , 574 M. de
El Sol de Filipinas, 5,020 , ( not Harrison , Pasay City - Soil pipes and Pacific Manufacturing & Packing Binondo, Manila Steel bars
operating ) accessories Factory , 69 Riverside , San Juan, Rizal Refinail Co. , Inc. , 514 Del Pan , Nico
La Favorita , 70,475 , c / o Go Fay , Claparols Steel Nail Plant, P. O. -Catsup manufacturing las , Manila - Refining used oil
445 Salazar , Manila Rox 75 , Bacolod City - Nails Papagayo Export Company, Manila Lime Products Manufacturing Co.,
om

128 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

Box 112 Baguio City - Agricultural cal- Goods --O . 3-31-17 March 13 . 216 Store , 900 Rizal Avenue , Manila - R tion , Ramon Roces Building, Soler, Ma
cium carbonate Store San Vicente . Binondo R. 2-60-32 Cal . 20 - Loc . 272 . nila - O . 6-74-58, 6-75-11 , 6-72-63.
Lat , Aristeo L. Aristeo L. Lat & Ponce, Juan F .-- Perkins, Ponce , En
Morales Engineering Works, 2 LO- Manila .
Chen , Wu Liang China Banking Company, 227 Regina Building, Escol- rile & Contreras , 7th Floor , Soriano
renzo de la Paz Molded resinous
Corp -O . 2-79-21 Oct. 5. 2nd Floor . ta , Manila-0 , 3-22-31 Loc . 21 . Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes , Manila - 0 , 2
products Lee , Anthony P.-U. S. Machinery 79-15—R . Cal . 20 , Cal . 515 .
Federal Industrial Corp. of the Phil ., China Bank Building , Dasmarinas
Manila
Company , 56 Padilla , San Miguel , Puyat , Eugenio J. - Gonzalo Puyat &
121-123 Escolta , Manila Soil pipes Manila -- O . 3-26-18 - R . 3-36-69. Sons, Inc. , Rodriguez Arias , San MI
(modern process ) Ching. Viictor S. Kai Ming Press
-O 2-8859 Sept. 22, 817 Narra . Lee , George F. - Worldwide Sales , guel , Manila - 0 . 3-26-93-R . 6-75-77 .
P. I. Manufacturing, Inc. , 640 Rizal Inc. - 302 Cu Unjieng Building , Das- Qua , Tomas C. T. Qua Chee Gan
Avenue Enameled products Tondo , Manila R. 2-88-59 . O. 3-36-61 -- R , 5. Export & Import, 343 Elcano, San Ni
Inc. , Coojin , Francisco L. Property Sec- marinas , Manila colas , Manila - 0.2-94-27.
El Porvenir Rubber Products , tion , Central Bank of the Phil.-O. 37-70 .
3rd Avenue , Grace Park , Cal . , Rizal Legarda , Benito F. Jr.-ECA, Mani- Quisumbing. Norberto J. Quisum
3-23-31 Loc . 26 .
Automobile and truck tires la Hotel Manila - 0 . 3-23-61, Loc . 431-- bing. Sycip , Quisumbing and Salaza
Tomas B. Morato , 202 El Hogar Fi Crabtree , Charles . Campos Rueda & R. 6-77-13 . Law Offices , 502 Trade & Commerce
lipino Bldg . , Canvass ( lona ) Sons Inc.
Crame, Benjardi M. Philus Office Leon , Jorge J. L. de-Regina In- Building , Juan Luna , Manila -- O . 2
Pan Philippine Corporation , 936 Ra- & Equipment, Legarda . Manila -0 . corporated , 330 Regina Building . Es- 93-26 , 2-73-89 — R . 5-10-31 .
on , Mani la processing of baryte ore 3-32-89-3-89-39 .
to barite
colta , Manila - 0 , 3-22-31 , Loc . 1. Recto , Vincent L.-Philippine 'Trust
David , Jose V. Claude M. Wilson Lim Armando -- 1621 Craig, Manila - Company, Consolidated Building, Pla
Industrial Company, Inc. , Chronicle Building -O . 3-26-11 April 12 , 2nd R. 6-77-24 . za Goiti , Manila - 0 . 3-37-76 .
Bldg . , Manila bags for sugar made Floor, Consolated R. 6-87-73 Piaza Lim , Dominador I.- Apollo Trading Reyes , Jose C.- Aristocrat Restaur
of jute , kenaf & saluyot Goiti , Manila . Company, 467 Nueva . Binondo , Manila ant, Cor. San Andres and Dewey Bou
Ace Utensil Factory-Spoons , forks, Dee , Robert S W Dee C. Chuan 2-87-30 - R . 2-89-02 . levard , Manila-O . 5-24-05
teaspoons & knives . & Sons, Inc. -O . 2-68-32 Feb. 28 - Lim , P. L. – P. L. Lim , Inc. , 504 Reyes , Jose P. de los Citizens Par
30 Soler . Manila Trade & Commerce Building , Juan ty Hdqrs ., 403 Jalandoni Building, Das
Zipper Mfg . , Inc.-Slide Fast
Ace Delgado Bros Luna . Manila-0 , 22-76-86 - R , 6-87-27 .
eners & Zippers .
Delgado, Antonio C mariñas , Manila - 0 . 3-29-23 , Loc . 41 .
Malayan Kitting Dinnnn & Label -0 3-85-41 Dec 21 Port Area Manila Lim . Victor A.- Mindanao Mother R. 6-77-71
Ribbons & Woven labels . Delgado , Francisco C. Delgado Bros. Lode Mines . Inc. , 4th Floor , MRS Reyes, Teofilo G. Jr .-- Overland AU
-O . 3-85-41 June 4. Port Area . Marila . Building , Plaza Cervantes. Manila-- tomotive Supply , 1656 Rizal Avenue ,
Vicente Hermoso -Tanning by Chrome Dizon , Manuel R. Northwest, Air- O. 2-60-78 . R. 5-31-13
& Yeo
Manila -0 , 2-95-75 .
Tanood ipno- lining & Split . lines . Inc. -0 3-35-20 July 20 , Manila Limjoco , Angel - Limjoco & Com
Pacific Knitting Mills , Inc.-Tubular Hotel Manila
Rivera , Roberto S. - Riverdale , Inc.
pany , Inc .. 4th Floor , Jalandoni Build
knitted fabrics . Domingo , Primitivo E.-P. E. Domin 50 Data , Quezon City - O . 6-53-40
ing - O , 2-70-04 . R. 6-85-18 . Rodrigo , Francisco A. - 35 Apo , Sta .
Plywood Industries , Inc. - plywood go & Co. , Inc. , 15 Escolta , Manila -0 . Limjuco , Juan S. - Far Eastern
panels. 2-99-47 .
Mesa Heights , Quezon City-R . 6-73-89 .
Travel Agency , 19 Escolta , Manila- Rosario , Francisco V. del-Shell Com
Tong Sing Company - Kerosene stove Eian . Paul-Paul Bros. , 100 Rosario, O. 2-91-61, 3-29-19 — R . 2-74-28 , pany of PI Ltd. , Hongkong & Shang
Fil-American Milling, Inc.--Poultry
feeds Binondo , Manila-O . 2-80-76 . Litonjua , Vicente 0.- Hot Point , hai Bank Building, Juan Luna , Mani
Escaler, Ernesto 0. - Regina Incor- Ground Floor , Cu Unjieng Building, T. la-0 . 2-79-31 -R . 5-11-40
Industrial Textiles Mfg . Co. of the porated , 330 Regina Building, Escolta , Pinpin . Manila - 0 , 2-93-36 , 3-87-21
Rosario , Ramon V. del - Philippine
Philippines — Bags & similar products Manila - 0 . 3-22-31 , Loc . 2 . R. 6-61-14 . Insurance Company .
American Life
marlo from jute, kenaf , burlap & sa Esguerra , Cesar R.-Philippine Trust Litton , Edward G .-- Litton Textile
Wilson Building, Juan Luna, Manila ,
luyot. Consolidated
Arintin Company,
Steel Mfg . Co. - Steel Filing Goiti, Manila -- O . 3-37-76Building,
. Plaza Co. , 540 Juan Luna , Manila - 0 . 2-83-32
Lizarraga , Vicente -- 102 Duque de
O. 2-79-86 -R . 6-86-91 .
Ramona Apart- Alba , Manila Rost, George F. Manila Electric
cabinets . Favis , Asterio G.
Far East Agricultural Supply Co.- ments , Cor. Herran and Dakota , Mani- Lopez, Luciano M. - Rufino Lopez & Company, 134 San Marcelino, Manila
R. 5-48-28 . -0 . 3-24-31 .
Poultry feeds. la - 0 . 5-34-84 Sons, Inc. , 774 Folgueras, Manila- 0 . Jr. Philippine
Rovira , Leopoldo ,
Vicente Zamora-Steel filing cabinets Feliciano, Gregorio - Shell Company 2-63-93. Electrical Manufacturing Co. , Soriano
steel Printing chairs , steel tables & of PI Ltd. , Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Lopez , Vicente H.- 115 Guevara Building , Manila-0 . 2-79-69, Loc . 13
steel chairs , Building, Juan Luna, Manila - 0 . 2 Avenue, San Juan , Rizal-- R . 6-88-58. R. 5-32-18 .
79-31 , R. 5-30-04 . Maglalang. Avelino L. 701 -B .
Fernandez , Jose B. Jr. Philippine Brookside, Espana Ext., Quezon City. Salazar , Luciano S. Quisumbing .
Bank of Commerce , State Building, Ri Manalang. Ramon ,-Maraiang Gen- Sycip . Quisumbing and Salazar Law
CIVIC GROUPS zal Ave. , Manila-0 , 3-35-65-R . 6-86 eral Advertising , 1208 ázcarraga , Ma
Offices , 502 Trade & Commerce Bldg . ,
11 . Juan Luna , Manila-0 . 2-93-26, 2-73-89 .
nila - O . 2-94-65 . Santos, Ernesto V. -- Syquia Apart
JAYCEES MANILA Fernandez , Vicente B. National Manalo , Primo D. -611 García Buil ments , 1131 M. H. del Pilar , Manila ---
Printing Co. , 728 Lepanto , Manila-0 . ding , 624 Rizal Avenue , Manila - 0 , 3 R. 5-36-51 .
3-21-93 . 88-11, Loc . 17 -- R . 5-36-08 .
Manila Junior Chamber of Commerce Feng, Manuel Y. United Market , Mañalac , Perfecto M .-- Mañalac
Sevilla , Augusto L. - Syquia Apart
Regina Bldg . , Manila ments, 1131 M. H. del Pilar, Manila
Plaza Goiti , Manila - O . 3-22-51 — R . 6 Construction Co. , 640 Evangelista , Ma
91-86. R. 5-36-51 .
Abad , Martiniano - Philippine Trad nila -- O . 3-31-48 . Siguion - Reyna , Leonardo T. - Perkins
Freeman , Francis B-Philippine Edu Mapa , Segundo G.- Malayan In
ers . Inc .. 217 Cu Unjieng Building, cation Co. -0 3-22-51 . Ponce , Enrile , & Contreras, 7th Floor,
310 Dasmarinas , Manila -O . 3-89-89- Gebhart, Charles F.-Paul X. Smith surance Company, 166 Rosario , Binon Soriano Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes, Mani
R. 2-63-74 ( PI ) Ltd. , 6th Floor, Trade & Com- do , Manila - 0 , 2-60-03. la - O . 2-79-15-R . 6-70-79 .
Acosta , Generoso F. - 1909 Carolina , merce Building, Juan Luna , Manila- Marquez . Lauro G. - Marquez & Jal Siy Albert Sin Lin - CELEASCO .
Ermita , Manila-R . 5-47-61. O. 2-99-10-R . 5-18-60 . buena Realty, 430 Regina Building . 523 Dasmarinas , Manila , 0 . 3-86-11
Adriano , Eladio Philippine Air Godinez , Mariano U. International Escolta , Manila - 0 . 3-22-31 , Loc . , 53--- -R.5-45-93 .
Lines . MRS Building, Plaza Cervantes . Harry S.-U.S.
Nutrition Products, Inc., 41 Nagtahan , 3-26-79. Stonehill , Tobacco
Manila -0 , 2-79-66 — R . 6-74-61, Manila-0 . 6-62-71 . Mayuga . Jose N.- Jose N. Mayuga Corp., Boston & 24th St. , Port
Cor .
Alcantara , Cesar Stan-Vac - Oil R.5-23-46 .
Golangco, William - William Golang & Company , 608 & 617 Trade & Com Area , Manila - 0.3-25-51 --
Company , 5th Floor , Ayala Building, co & Co. , 483 Tanduay , Manila - 0 . 3 merce Building , Juan Luna , Manila Sun , Amancio- Sun Brothers &
Juan Luna , Manila- 0 , 2-98-21 . 29-67-R . 6-92-89 . Company . 450 Dasmariñas. Manila-
Almeida , Mariano A.-M. Almeida O. 2-99-19, 2-76-54 .
Gonzales, Celso A .-- Auditing Depart Meer , Alberto M. -Central Surety & O. 3-80-55 .
Customs Brokerage , 19 - B Escolta . ment, Philippine National Bank , Es Insurance Company , 210 Burke Build- Sycíp , David - Northern Motors , Inc.,
Manila-O . 3-36-57--3-35-57 . colta , Manila-O . 3-34-21 . 3-37-61 Loc . Cor . San Marcelino & Isaac Perai .
Ansaldo , Jose Ma . - Gasoline Station ing , Escolta , Manila - O . Manila - 0.5-37-16 .
Gonzalez , Joaquin V. - McLure, Salas 36 , R. 5-33-11.
Cor . J. Ruiz & Sta . Mesa Boulevard , & Gonzalez , 514 Insular Life Building , Sycip , Washington -- W . Sycip
Melian , Alfredo Z. -Ayala & Com
Cervantes , Manila -- 0 . 2-93-74 pany Co. , СРА , 302 Trade & Commerc
Manila - O . 6-88-81 - R . 6-84-33. Plaza
, 2nd Floor , Ayala Building , Juan
Araneta , Luis Ma .-- 1030 R. Hidalgo -R . 5-12-45 . Pidg ., Juan Luna , Manila - 0 . 2
Luna , Manila - 0 . 2-69-21, R. 5-11-76 . 71-62-R . 6-71-70 .
Quiapo, Manila-R . 3-26-62. Gonzales, Jose 9.-1198 Taft Avenue , Mendoza, Felipe M. - Mapua Insti- Syjuco Augusto G .-- 216 Regina
Arce . Ramon C. , Jr .-- New Selecta ,
Dewey Blvd., Manila -O . 5-15-60 Malate , Manila -- R . 5-34-82 . tute of Technology , Doroteo Jose , Sta . Building, Escolta , Manila -0 . 3-30
Halcro, Robert J.-- Manila Auto Pa Cruz , Manila -- O . 3-63-46 , R. 6-88-09 56 .
3-29-26 .
lace, Inc. , 400 Taft Avenue , Manlla Mirchandani, Kishina -- The Pioneer Tan , Daniel U .-- Union Enterprises,
Arellano . Oscar J. - 373 Guevara 0.5-35-15 -- R . 3-35-11 .
Avenue , San Juan , Rizal- R . 6-86-81 . Hansen , Henry L.-Philippine Man .
House . 127. Manila -- 0 . 3-37-61, Loc . 43 Inc., 4th Floor, 99 Dasmariñas Bldg .,
-R . 5-44-70 . Manila - 0 . 2-99-87-R . 5-37-79 .
Arguelles . Carlos D. - Rivera - Argue ufacturing Company, Myers Building . Tan Tai Bin Tan Eng Gee , 701
lles , Architects, 900 Gov. Forbes . Sam. Monserrat , Felipe C .-- Manila Yel
13th St. Port Area, Manila - 0 3-36-31
paloc , Manila - 0 . 3-29-84. -R . 5-13-97 . low Taxi Cab , Arlegui , Quiapo, Mani Ylaya . Tondo , Manila - O . 2-60-3
Tanto co , Bienvenido R. Luzo !
Henares, Hilarion M. Jr.-H. G. He- la-O . 3-37-70 , R. 6-70-62.
208Arguell
Reginaes , Building,
Jose L.-IBM
EscoltaPhilippi nes.
, Manila- nares & Sons , 217 Aurora, Pasay City- Montinola . Aurelio , Jr . , -Amon
Theatres , Inc., 4th Floor , State Bldg..
Rizal Avenue , Manila-0 . 3-33-04
O. 3-22-31 Loc . 1& 19 , 3-21-97 - R . O. 5-18-80 -- R . 5-17-47. Trading Corp. Bonifacio Drive , Port R. 5-38-05 .
6-88-44 . Hernandez, Celestino C.-A. C. Ran- Area , Manila - O . 3-32-31. Taylor, Harry J. - Philippine Ma
Bagatsing, Ramon D. Elizalde & son Philippines Corporation , 144-160 Moreno , Hector S. - PRISCO , Port nufacturing Company, 202 Myers
Company. Muelle de la Industria , Ma Juan Luna , Manila - 0.2-80-35 . Area , Manila -- O . 3-87-11 -R . 6-80-71. Bldg . , Port Area , Manila --0 , 3-36-11
nila-0 . 2-69-31 - R . 6-74-13 , Herna ndez , Rube n C.-A. C. Ran Muni, Donald S.- Allied Brokerage R. 5-51-93 .
son Philippines Corporation , 144-160 Corp., Marsman Building, Port Area,
Baluyut, Benjamin M. -Baluyut & Juan Luna , Manila-O . 2-80-35 . Trinidad , Francisco D. DZFM
Palomar Realty Company . 505 Insular Manila -O . 3-29-05 - R . 6-80-30 . Broadcasting Station , 4th Floor ,
Hogue, Walter D. - Philippine Man
Life Building, Plaza Cervantes , Mani ufacturing Company , 208 Myers Build- Mutuc , Amelito R. Coconut Pro- City Hall , Manila -0 . 3-24-15 .
Tuason , Ascario G.- Repinoil Com
la-O . 2-74-80_R . 5-39-91 . ing , Port Area , Manila - O . 3-36-11- ducts ( Phil
Building, . ) Inc. , 3rd
Dasmariñas
Floor , Gibbs
. Manila-0 . 3- pany , Inc., 514 Del Pan , San Nico
Benedicto . Roberto S .-- San Juan . R. 5-35-85 .
las , Manila --R . 2-83-66 .
Africa , Iniguez & Benedicto , 226 Regina Huang, Jose - Unno Commercial En- 88-40 , 3-29-23 - Loc , 35 -- R . 3-29-45 . Tulio, Ranulfo R. - Philippine Ins
Narciso , Arsenio D. -College of
Building , Escolta , Manila - O . 3-22-31. terprises, 2nd Floor. Guizon Building, Commerce, titute of Accountants , 314 Consoli
Cor . Dasmariñas and Muelle de Binon University of the East
Bldg . , Plaza Goiti , Manila
Loc . 63--5-36-36-3-28-60 . dated
, Manila - 0 . 2-83-97 . Azcarra ga , Manila - O . 3-36-81 - Loc 9 . 0.3-26-34 .
Benitez,
Cor. Francisco
Pinaglabanan , San Juan , Carried
Jr. -242 Rizal.o doJacinto , Emmanuel T. E. Jacinto Nieva , Antonio A .-- 3rd Floor , Ideal Uy , Cesario T .-- Burroughs Ltd. ,
Law Office
3rd Floor, Cu Unjieng Theater Building . Rizal Avenue, Ma Philippine Chamber of Commerce
0. 6-81-52 - R . 6-82-83 . Building. 310 Dasmariñas, Manila-0 . nila-0 . 3-89-68 — R . 5-30-46 . Bde ., Magallanes Drive, Manila-- 0
Bowie , Hal -Manila Broadcasting
Corp. , 7th Floor, Insular Life Building . 3-87-21 Loc . 19R. 6-63-41 . Ng , John D. K .-- Society Bakery & 3-20-96--R . 0-64-60 .
Jacinto, Mamerto D.-Tax Consult Grocery , 817 Sta. Mesa , Manila - 0 . Uy . Luis C.- Associated Trading
Plaza Cervantes, Manila - O . 2-69-48 ant , 405 Burke Building, Escolta , Ma Corp. 95 Rosario , Binondo , Manila ---
6-65-31. O. 2-62-85 - R , 6-65-47 .
R. 5-39-34 . nila-0 . 3-37-61 Loc . 19 — R . 3-29-62 .
Cabal . Julio S. -Consolidated Mer Jalandoni , Venici, o 3rd
Natio nal Life In Olbes, Jose Ma.- Insular Life As Valenzuela , Amadeo C. Manila
surance Company Floor, Regina surance Co. , Ltd. , 2nd Floor , Insular Trading & Supply Co. , Port
chandisers, Inc. , 3rd Floor, Burke Area .
Building, Escolta , Manila - 0 . 3-37-61, Bldg . , Escolta , Manila - 0 . 3-22-31 Loc . Life Building - O . 2-98-36 - R . 5-39-67 . Manila - 0 . 3-34-51 .
Ongsiako , Oscar R.- Perkins , Ponce, Valles, Enrique J. - National City
Loc , 14 . 15 3-27-88 - R . 5-34-06 .
Cabarrus . Jacob E.-Elizalde Joya. Albert R. de-M . H de Jova Enrile and Contreras, 7th Floor, Soria Bank of New York , 13th St. , Port
no Bldg . , Plaza Cervantes , Manila Area , Manila -0 . 3-29-81-R. 6-61-38
Company, Muelle de la Industria , Ma Law Office , 422 Regina Building , Es O. 2-79-15 -- R . 6-80-09. Varias , Antonio A. - C , M. Hoskins
nila - O . 2-69-31. colta , Manila-O. 3-30-45 .
Jose, Luis R. -Diokno Law Office , 48 Philippine
Ortega , Manuel Jis de & Co. , Inc. , 165 David , Manila
Caguiat-, Jose
Company R. Enrique
0 . 2-80-85 Sept. Caguiat
19 , &
1925 Alhambra , Ermita , Manila - O .
American Life 5-30-11
Insurance Company . 3-85-61 .
Bill Burrel Unit , 319 Nativid ad Build- Varias, Sancho R.-Corneio & Var .
513 Trade & Commerce Bldg. R. 6-89- 2-73-47-R . 6-71-14 .
69 Juan Luna , Manila , Kalaw, Teodoro V. Jr. — Teodoro V. ing , Escolta , Manila-0 . 2-79-86 . ias Law Office , Mercedes Bldg . , Plaza
Kalaw Law Office , 1018 Soler, Manila Ortigas, Joaquin J.-A. C. Hall and Miranda , Manila -- R . 5-16-28 .
Calero , Antonio H. F. Calero &
-O . 3-25-21 - R . 6-89-07 . Company , 201 Ayala Building, Juan Lu Vasquez, Luis - 234 Regina Bldg..
Escolta , Manila - 0 . 3-26-44R . 5-33
Company --O . 2-62-72 Oct. 21 , 3rd Kierulf , Henry M.-P. O. Box 988, Ma na , Manila-O . 2-74-52, 2-88-81 -R . 5 35 .
Floor , Filipinas Bldg. R. 6-72-23 Plaza nila . 30-79 .
Cervantes, Manila . Palanca , Carlos P. Jr.-La Tondena , Velayo A.-W. Sycip & Co. , CPA .
Callahan . Richard Kho , Felix --Felix Trading Company , 502 Trade & Commerce Bldg ., Juan
A Philippine 4th Floor. China Bank Building, Das- Inc., 618 Echague, Manila -O . 3-26-10 Luna , Manila-0 , 2-71-62-2-92-15 ,
Refining Co. -0 . 5-37-71 Jan. 25 . 5-31-58.
mariñas. Manila-O . 2-73-54 - R 5-32-11 , R. Palileo , Aurelio G. Jr. - Adcraft Phil
Villacorta , Roland J .-- 109 B SI
1035 Isaac Peral, Manila 5-47-71 . Koo ,Agencies.
East Inc.,
Wellington , Jr. Far Ippines, 214 Natividad Building, Escol- qula , Sta . Ana, Manila
BungeGibbs
3rd Floor,
Canero , Julio J. Malayan Insurance Loc . 114 R.
Villanueva . Roberto - The Manila
Company-0 . 2-60-03 160 Rosario , Ma Bldg ,
. Dasmariñas , Manila - O . 3-89-41 ta, Manila - 0 , 3-22-31 , Chronicle, Aduana St. , Manila
nila 5-13-65 . 3-20-15 - R . 3-32-98 .
-R . 6-88-80 . Pascual, Gabriel R.-Manila Diesel
Chan , Robert 206 Cu Unjieng Build Kuykend all , John R. - Northern Mo Villonco , Romeo S.-Life Theatre,
ing -O . 3-31-01 Dec. 18 , 310 Dasma tors , Inc .. Cor. San Marcelino and Parts Supply Co., 648 Evangelista , Ma Villonco Bldg . , Quezon Blvd., M &
rinas , Manila . Isaac Peral , Manila-0 . 5-37-19 . nila - O . 3-30-22 . rila - O . 3-89-97 - R . 6-86-18 .
Peñaloza , Osias R .-- Roces Publica- Villongco, Ruperto D .-- 143 C. Arel
Chen . Sin Yuan Tan Eng Hong Dry Laperal. Oliverio - Laperal Jewelry
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 120
110 , Malabon , Rizal-- R. Cal. 20 Infante , Loring Gregorio Tsang Burgos, Jose J.
Yo . 231 . Javellana , Jess Jose L. Valera Busuego, Alfredo D.
Wilson , Claude M. - Claude M. Wil Jayme, Tony Osmundo L. Valera Cabaraban , Vicente F.
-on Trading Company, 2nd Floor , Jereza , Raming Felixberto G. Valera Cataylo , Carmelito F.
Consolidated Bldg ., Plaza Goiti , MA Jesena , Pancho Isidro A. Valera Chaves, Alberto N.
muila - . 3-26-11 - R . 6-77-70 . Julio P. Valera Cruz , Bienvendo S.
Ledesma, Nonoy Dolores, Orientano
Wong Henry C. H.- Manila Cos Litonjua , Rudy Cesar V Valera
LOS Aerated Water Factory , 731 Mi Lobaton , Angel Emilio Venus Emata , Abner
sericordia , Manila - 0 . 2-89-48 . Emata , Feodor
Lopez, Pompei
Marino, Eking Escobar, Sumulong
Wong . Robert T.-Republic Textile BASILAN Factura , Felizardo R.
Inc. , 302 Cu Unjieng Bldg . , Dasma Meciel , Francis
Fajardo, Gregorio
riñas , Manila - O . 3-38-61. Mercado , Nene . Galicia , Vicente G.
Natalaray, Joe BASILAN JUNIOR CHAMBER
Yao , William LILI * Yao & Co. , Garcia , Prudencio A
Li Chay Too Scns , 234 Carvajal, Nega patan , Ed Doroteo " Doring " de Guzman , Pres Ghan , John
Binondo , Manila- 0 . 2-89-56 . Ccceñola , Tito ident Go , Arsenio
Yaptanga , Justino P .--Mechanica ! Ong, Ben Alejandro " Chu " Infante. Exec . Vice Gutierrez , Celestino P.
Center , 342 Raon , Manila ---R . 3-38 Ongsingco. Ely President Huang, Johnny S.
19 Padilia , Bening Amado “Mading" Borja , Vice - Pres . Kempaki, Frank
Yuchengco, Posa , Quirico ident ( Internal Affairs ) Llanderal , Aristarco A
Alfonso T. - Malayan Puentebella , Molo Macmang . Juan W.
Walter " Walt " Strong , Vice - Pres
Insurance Co. , 166 Rosario , Binondo . Munoz , Jaime R.
Rama , Berting de la ident ( External Affairs )
Manila-0 , 2-60-03 - R . 5-09-17 . Neri , Rugusto F.
P.ubin , Dodong Emmanuel " Noll" Torralba , Secretary
Yu Chiao, Peng-Yutivo Sons Hard Samodio , Tiong Abelardo * Lard " Barandino, Trea Neri , Virgilio D.
ware CO . , Dasmariñas , Manila- 0 . 3 Uy , Ben Pacana, Lorimer
surer
89-81 - R . 3-80-80 . Verdeflor Piciong Antonio “ Tony " Lazaro , Press Rela Padero, Concepcion E.
Yu , King-King's Drug & Chemical, Villanueva , Domie Pelaez , Raul C.
tion Officer
213 Calvo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila Villanueva , Pepe Quisumbing , Manuel V.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS Ramos , Honorio
O. 2-82-82 . Zayco , Brown
Isidro " Sid " Sta . Elena Reyes, Jose E.
Yu, Quintin - Chinese Commercial
News , 190 Juan Luna , Manila -- O . 2 Toribio " Bing" Bucoy Reyes , Manolo P.
80-08 . BAGUIO Antonio " Tony" Mas Rivera , Alfredo
Alfredo “ Fred " Suico Roa , Acero
Yu , Simon Manila Advertising BAGUIO JUNIOR CHAMBER Santani , Khubchang U
Co. , 620 Reina Regente , Binondo , Ma Uddin " Tioga " Ramirez Rodriguez , Felicisimo C
OF COMMERCE , INC .
nila -0-2-82-31 . MEMBERS : Sarraga , Dante
Zamora , Felipe J. - Golden Taxi Baguio City-1951-52 Serina , Alejo V.
OFFICERS DIRECTORS Jose “ Fito " Legaspi
Cab , 74 Plaza Dilao , Paco , Manila Eligio " Ely " Yabyabin Sia , Alfonso
0. 6-78 -50 . Enrique Santamaria , President Guillermo " Imo" Francisco Santos , Augusto E.
Zobel . Enrique J. - Filipinas Com - Alfredo Benson , Vice - President Agustin " Tingoy " Larracochea Tangcongco , Dominador F.
Marcelino Contemprate , Secretary Taib " Ib " Iraham Velez, Mariano
pana de , Ground Floor, Filipinas Velez , Paterno
Bldg . , Plaza Morada , Manila - o . 2 Vicente Yee , Treasurer Florentino " Flor " Alfaro
69-06 - R . 5-23-91 .
Juanito Dimalanta , Director Eduardo " Eddie ' Lagonilla Yared , Philip M.
Zulueta , Fernando L-638 P. NO Manuel Tinio Jr. , Director Yap , Romeo C.
Eduardo Eddie " Estrada
sal, Sampaloc , Manila - R . 3-89-79 . Rafael Ochangco , Director Exequiel " Bontoy ” Dayot, Jr.
MEMBERS : Fred " Honey ” Bader CAPIZ
Jose " Joe " Batalla Francisco " Pakong " Pia
AGUSAN Alfredo " Fred " Benson Dablo " Pab " Arevalo THE CAPIZ JUNIOR CHAMBER OF
Alfredo " AL" Blanco Irineo " Don " Santos , Jr.
AGUSAN JUNIOR CHAMBER COMMERCE
Antonio " Toning" Caparas Juan " Johnny" Tan Roxas City i951-1952
OF COMMERCE Antonio " Toning " Perez
Henry Ho Chan Rene Hontiveros ( President )
CABADBARAN , AGUSAN Marcelino " Mars " Contemprate Lorenzo " Loring " Valderrosa Joe Belo ( Executive V - P )
Pedro " Pete" Danao Chua “ Toa” Kim Toning Bermejo ( I.A. V - P )
Benjamin Samador, President Ernesto " Erning " Datoc George "Georgie " Cawley Teddy Arcenas ( E.A. V- P )
Aga gan , Fortunato B. Roberto P. " Bert" David Ramon " Mon " Natividad Raul Roque ( Secretary )
Atega , Florencio ' A. Juanito " Johnnie " Dimalanta Jose " Joe " Pamaran Mike Legaspi ( Treasurer )
Atega , Plenio M. Honorio R. " Honor" Estepa Santos “ Tot” Villamagno Ambing Jimenez ( Auditor )
Atega , Virgilio N. Jose " Joe" Felix Carlos " Robbie " Robinson Culasing Acupinpin ( Director )
Barrientos, Edilberto Feliciano " Felicing" Ferrer Reynaldo “ Nald ” Bucoy Chua Tiong Bio ( Director )
Bautista , Dionisio Herminio “ Hermie " Florendo Ricardo " Carding” Reynera Ben Altavas ( Director )
Calo, Lionel Gaudencio " Bert " Floresca Jose " Pepe " Nuval Santos Belo ( Director )
Caseñas, Agustin , Jr. Antonio " Tony " Garcia Ramon " Mon " Nuñal Joe Austria ( Director )
Curato , Teofilo D. Basilio " Basil" Go Ling Haw " Atomic " Kee James Chu Pinghong ( Director )
Dagani, Felixberto C. Jose " Pepe " Gomez Pedro " Pete' Asiddao .. Jack Acevedo ( Director )
Dagani, Hipolito Juanito " Juaning" Guzon Cente Reynaldo ( Director )
Dongallo , Rosauro P. Sinai c . " Syne" Hamada CABANATUAN Tito Yotoko ( PRO )
Deen , Charlie A. Oseo C. " Ossie ' Hamada Pito Alvarez
Dy . Casiano Dayaldas " Dayal" Jethmal Modring Arandez
Enciso , Domingo Tria CABANATUAN JUNIOR CHAMBER Albert Arnaldo
Eugene J. "Gene" Kneebone
Estacio , Manuel O. Serafin " Fin " Lucas Cabanatuan City Mon Balgos
Famador . Benjamin Pedring Bulaclac
Amando “ Amading " Masangcay Mariano D. Bautista , President Julie Carmona
Famador , Diosdado Alejandro " Andy " Marzan Abesamis , Marino R. Teban Chu
Fortun , Faustino Onofre " Opring " Mendoza Agaton , Leon F. Seb Corro
Gementera , Jose G. Efrain " Monte " Montemayor Alas, Joaquin D. Pabling Diaz
Jongko, Castor C. Rafael C. " Ralph " Ochangco Aquino, Hermogenes C.
Llorente, Alberto S. Bebe Dinglaşan
Kon “ Kon " Ng Bagasao, Agustin C. Toting Escolin
Monet , Teofilo Ben " Ben " Palispis Bernie Gonzalez
Ojeda , Florante Bagaybagayan , Jose H.
Francisco “ Kiko " Panahon Bautista . Mariano D. Peping Ignacio
Ong Seng Kee Ceferino " Cefring" Reyes Borja, Graciano A. O’ing Jimenez
Payot , Federico Rogelio "Rod " de la Rosa Vic Ortiz
Buado, Jovencio H.
Ramerez, Liborio A. Benjamin " Ben " Salvosa. Castelo, Manuel P. Polding Ortiz
Remedios , Fernando Valeriano “ Valeng" Sampang Chua Peng Hian, Patrick Boy Ortiz
Roa , Consorcio G. Enrique " Eking" Santamaria Tics Ortiz
Rodales , Pacifico Cucio, Elpidio O.
Arturo " Art" Santiago Daluz, Juan S. Aureling Ramos
Salvacion , Porfirlo Delfin S. " Delfin " Sian Emil Rasco
Samson , Pedro Dumbrique, Hermogenes Along Relayson
Carmelo " Carmelo " Sison Espino , Amando E.
Sandalo , David Manuel "Maning " Tarroja Ferrer , Primo E. Jose Santos , Jr.
Tirador, George Monolo "Manoling" Tinio Jr. Lee Eun Ting
Tria , Alfredo R. Filoteo, Juan Mic Villamora , Jr.
Alfonso " Ponso " Ventura Guzman Dominador T. de
Villalba , Alonso M. Turing Villanueva
Mariano " Angco " Villanueva Jimenez , Pedro R. Bill Villaruz
Villarena, Rafael C. Santiago " Vil" Villanueva Juan , Andres A. Bong Glam Yap
Bonifacio " Boni" Villa Lina, Emilio R. Bong Bin Yap
BACOLOD Vicente " Vic " Yee Maranan , Francisco O.
Juan " Johnny" Zarate Jr. Maranan , Manuel O.
BACOLOD JUNIOR CHAMBER Martinez , Antonio G. CAVITE
OF COMMERCE BENGUED Ocampo, Sergio S.
Ortiz, Enrique E. CAVITE JUNIOR CHAMBER OF
Bacolod City 1951-52 Officers : Padilla, Pablo A. COMMERCE
BANGUED JUNIOR CHAMBER
Wen Parreño, President Ronquillo, Melquiades R. Cavite City
1 OF COMMERCE
Pio Villoso , Executive Vice -President Rosario , Luis J. del Filemon Kalugdan , · President
Freddie Villanueva , Vice - President Bangued , Abra Rosario , Paulo del Fidel Dones
Internal Affairs M. B. Purugganan , President Salazar, Juanito S. Gregorio de Guia
Bering de la Cruz , Vice - President , Marciano R. Lazo Salazar, Vicente , Jr. Placido Tinitigan
External Affairs Salumhides . Jesus H. Nenrop Peñaflor
Emilio Purugganan , Jr.
Tim Robles , Secretary Constante V. Borjal
Santiago , Teodoro P. Roberto Ramirez
Nardo Pablo, Treasurer Mariano Co Cue Sinaguinan , Vivencio Dominador Nazareno
Rene Montelibano , Auditor Jose Martinez Tolentino , Jose J. Jim Boo Chan
July Togle, Director Roque Bosque Veneracion, Marcelino Jose Hebron
Moding Segovia , Director Emilio Venus Yason , Rizalino S. Romeo Alvarez
Rod Reyes, Director Antonio V. Bañez Priscillano Barro
Taking Tumbagahan , Director Severino Formoso CABUGAO
Fred Pfleider , Director & Member, Andres Lim
Fernando Crescini
Advisory Board Adelardo Cordero
( Regional Vice - Pres ., Western Julio Bringas CABUGAO JUNIOR CHAMBER
Lorenzo Encarnacion
Visayas, PJCC ) Ernesto Parel OF COMMERCE
Augusto Giron
Guimov Villasor, Member , Advisory Venerando Pe Benito Cabugao, Ilocos Sur
Board Officers - 1951-1952 Manuel Go
Constante Astudillo Eduardo de Guzman !!
Monching Bautista , Member Advisory
Board Monico Barras Cres Ascueta , President
Jesus Halili
MEMBERS : Jorge Barreras Mante Soller , Exec . Vice - President
Acevedo, Bruce Libertad Legaspi
Jose A. Baylo Immin Gonzales, 1st Vice -President
Acupinpin , Eking Benruben Maigue
Fidel Bernardez Biso Somera , 2nd Vice - President
Alba , George Felix Mintu
Apuhin , Fred Leo V. Bernardez Orel Suero, Secretary Delfin Montano
Balajadia , Frank Segismundo Bigornia Cen Serna , Treasurer
Banguis , Jess Francisco Osorio
Benares , Nesting Juanito Co Cha Paquit Soller , Director Vicente Ching Pin
Benares , Pedong Co Chick Dave Arcebal , Director Eladio Penalosa
Borromeo , Cesar Felipe Domingo Santy Savellano , Director Salvador Ramos
Estrevillo, Dito Jesus Esteves Frank Tumbaga , Director
Garcia , Maeng Benito Rodriguez
Gargaritano, Taboy Fortunato Formoso Tom Vallejo , Director Salvador del Rosario
Ginete , Felix Lorenzo Khu Anno Somera , PRO Leopoldo Salcedo
Gonzaga , Ric Victoriano Formoso Cagayan de Oro Junior Chamber of Benjamin Samala
Granflor , Mon Gaudencio Lahoz, Jr. Commerce Jose Sanchez
Grey , Edgar
Grupe , Paking Paterno Millare Cagayan de Oro City Joseph Schweighofar
Guanzon , Roming Reynaldo Plurad Carmelito F. Cataylo , President Placido Tinitigan
Guanzon , Vic Fred Ramos Frank Underhill
Gournamal, All Adecer , Eliseo F.
Huang , Val Francisco Soliven Balauag . Proceso G. Ezekijel Vranic
11
130 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Ching Bun San Vicente " Vic " Tan Eliseo Carpio
Tan Teng Suy Jesus “ Jessie" Tañada William Go
CEBU Ramon Marquez Ramon " Tamo" Tañada Amado Megla
Uy Huat Silverio " Berung " Tanteo Guido Catalbas
CEBU JUNIOR CHAMBER OF Miguel Palileo Pantaleon " Pantoy" de Vera Jose P. Nuñez
COMMERCE , CEBU CITY Marcial Gasa Jose " Virgie " Vergara Santos Alonso
Juan Villarin Sofronio " Prony " Villafuerte Advento Jalalon
Eddy Deen , President Ozzias " Ozzy " Villaver
Aboitiz, Eduardo Temas " Tom " Tañada , Jr.
Almario, Simoun O. DAVAO Chun “ Young " Young SAN PABLO
Antigua, Domingo L.
Arcenas , Enrique SAN PABLO JUNIOR CHAMBER OF
Davao Junior Chamber of Commerce ILOILO
Bascon , Ernesto H. COMMERCE . SAN PABLO CITY
Binamira , Ramon P. Davao City 1951-1952
Binamira , Juan V. Iloilo Junior Ch'umbes of Conce
Leo Panuncialman , Presiden
Blanch, Jose G. Manuel Ahella Iloilo City Alcantara , Feliciano
Borromeo , Horacio S. Alimario, Marcial , Jr. ( Director )
Leopoldo M. Abellera Mariano Marquez Lim , President
Cancio, Augusto Vicente Alberto Alimario , Sergio
Canova , Edson H. Retogo Aldeguer Alvero, Pedro III
Castro, Roberto A.
Alejandro Almendras Francisco A. Alger Ambray, Ceferino
Co, Damaso
Blasito E. Angeles Felicisimo A. Almalvez Aquino, Jose
Gerardo E Angeles Eduardo S. Baranda
Dakay, Cesar D. Aragon , Napoleon
Deen , Eddy A.
Paulino Arcangel Norberto C. Paylon Aranza , Victorino
Aurelio 4. Avelino Antonio S. Carain
Dios, Reynaldo F. de Avanzado , Alvaro
Echevarria , Benjamin Gervacio C. Acay Fermin Z. Caram , Jr
Julian B. Bacalso Bernardino C. Casanas Azores, Jose
Escaño, Jesus Alario Baker Banayo, Geronimo ( Director )
Ferreros, Rafael A. Alfonso Chu Suey Barte , Isabelo
Pedro Balahadia Francisco M. de la Cruz
Fructuoso , Eduardo N. Leonardo M. Barnes Antonio G. Dabao Bautista , Delfin
Gamboa, Augusto Ramon Basa Belen , Juan
Garcia , Luis M. Domingo P. Dabao
Garcia , Manuel P.
Antonio Belen
David J. Dichupa Belen, Macario
Jose Belen Mike Filmer Bicomong , Vicente
Garcia , Roberto M. Mariano Beltran
Garriga, Juan V. Pablo Z. Dulalla , Jr. Bienvenida , Juan
Angel Bartolonie Bienvenida , Manuel
Gimarino, Rafael David Bidaa Leopoldo C. Espino
Go, Andrew Enrique S. Gimena Brion , Archimedes ( Director )
Go, Philip Tan Eddie Bharwani Brion , Marciano, Jr. ( Exe . V - P
Tomas Borbon Elias S. Gregorio Burns , William
Go, Mateo L. P Celerino 0. Briones Hernando P. Hinojales
Go , Jesus L Jose L. Jamora Cabrera , Lilim ( Director )
Go, Kong Wei John Jr. Arjan Buchaldanani
Jose R. T. Cabrera Alfredo T. Javellana Capistrano, Enrique
Gonzales, Antonio M. Cease . Ernesto
Paulino Campos Domingo B. Laurea
Gonzales, Jose M. Pedro Cañas Jose Ma . Ledesma Celino, Francisco
Gozum , Lolito Gil T. Ciar, Guillermo
Hubahib , Marcelo V.
Gregorio V. Cañeda Nicanor J. Ledesma
Eugenio Cawicana Zafiro J. Ledesma Cosico , Godofredo
Jayme , Demetrio S. Ladislao Chanco Cusi , Pacido
Jochin , Felix Manuel G. Loring Deveza , Calixto (Presiden
Ernesto I. Corcino Luis Lozano
Kokseng, Vicente Tan Fundador Cordero Deveza , Dominador
Lee , Ahing
Salvador Macaraig Deza , Pedro
Levi Damaso Antonio F. Manajan
Lim , John K. Paulino Dango Dioso, Elizer ( I. A. V - P )
Francisco Q. Mara villa
Lim , Sergio V. Dipchand Dayaldes Alejandro F. Marcella Dychangco, Carlos
Lim , Simon T. Roque 3. Diez Estrada , Porfirio ( Treasurer )
Lim . Tong, Tony 0 . Artemio O. Domingo Mariano Marquez Lim Evangelista , Celerino
Lizares , Amelio T. Antonio Misa , Jr.
Felipe Duldulao Antonio Montelibano Exconde, Nemesio ( E. A. V -P )
Lozada , Vicente L. Jr. Fernando de Jesus Exconde, Prudencio ( Director )
Joel Elias Pablo J. Obregon
Lu, Cipriano .
Francisco B. Offemaria Faylon , Senen (Secretary )
Mancao , Alfredo Zoilo M. Estrella
Bienvenido M. Sergio P. Paspe Gesmundo, Hospicio
Manuel , Consorcio V. coto
Gorotiza , Marino de
Michael , William Jr. Florencio T. Facundo Cesar Reyes Gorotiza , Vicente
Martinez, Jesus Alberto Gahol Primo L. Santos
Salvador G. Sarabia Guevara , Vicente
Miranda, Eduardo U. Plinio Gaston
Alfonso Tan Terles Guia, Paciano
Montayre , Vidal T. Lolito Gragasin
Idan Gobindram Enrique L. Torres Hernandez, Juan
Mukhey , Rewachand L. Ilagan , Pablo
Mukhey , Thakurdas L. Hari Hemandas Antonio D. Villanueva
Rozalino Isidro Federico B. Villanueva Inciong. Guillermo
Ong, Ching Sergio W. Jalbuana Rafael S. Villanueva Laset , Dominador
Ong , Jose Laurel, Archimedes (Director
Bonifacio Jamaro Dionisio M. Ybiernas
Oliva , Jose G. Leonor, Gregorio
Ongpin , Augusto L. Honorato B. Inting
Adolf Lim Leviste , Crisostomo
Osmeña , Mariano C. LUCENA Magcase, Maximino ( Director )
Osineña , Ramon C.
Artemio Al. Loyola
Ricardo Madriaga Maghirang, Rodolfo
Osmeña , Ramon L. I.UCENA JUNIOR CHAMBER OF Magno, Hipolito ( Director )
Constancio B. Maglana COMMERCE LUCENA . QUEZON
Palma , Herman A Nihad Mahtani Magsino, Elpidio
Palma , Jose P. Romeo S. Mata , President Mercado, Francisco
Jose M. Maneja
Dy , Antonio Fernando Martires Rody Abadilla Reyes German
Paulin , Antonio R. Mariano S. Mata Johnny Abadilla Reyes, Nicolas
Pek Hock - Leng, Felix Pedro Morales Naning Agcaoili Suarez, Miguel
Pelaez, Fulvio C. Tomas Morales Ben Campomanes Ticzon , Feliciano ( Director )
Planas, Antonio V. Ramon G. Morada Iniong Cruz Torres, Juan de
Reyes, Federico A , Amado A. Munda Nick Enciso .

Santos , Augusto P. Cesar R. Muñoz Sanoy Gaytano

Satorre, Manuel R. Mar.uel Ongkiko Rome Mata TARLAC !

Segura , Gregorio G. Isidro Palacio Arong Marquez TARLAC JUNIOR CHAMBER OF

Sy , Stephen Reynaldo Pallleo Turko Marquez COMMERCE , TARLAC , TARLAC
Gonzales, Antonio V. Emilio Palma Gil Nitoy Nacorda
Tan , Peng Tong Henry Teodoro Palnia Gil Pablo L. Tioseco , President
Dopel Reyes Aganon , Marcelino U
Teves , Florentino Herniinic Pavino Nesting Rivera
Tolaram , Naraindas S. Leopoldo M. Puno Yoyong Rodriguez Balasico, Basilio M.
I eo Panuncialman Baltazar , Mario J.
Uy Beng Kee , jamin Rod Rodriguez
Uy Beng Sheng, Lorenzo Marcelo Pimentel Dave Serrano Basilio, Arsenio
Velez , Magin V. Cerapio Sablada Peping Soria Bautista , Francisco
Villarosa , Crispin R. Jose Raymundo Mano Vera Bondoc , Jose Y.
Yang, Wa Nan Rodolfo Reyes Cesar Vilfariba Briones, Damazo V
Yap, Carlos T. Celerino Sapitula Goring Saballero Briones, Reynaldo N.
Yap , Pastor O. Celso B. Sarenas Buan , Mariano
Ado Alva
Raul B. Sarenas Bulos , Honorio
Yaotin , Jose T Gobind Sijanani Mading Estacio
Young, Victor D. Tony Insua Cabalu , Hugo
Fernando Tañedo Caparas , George
Yrastorza , Manuel L Joseph Perez de Tagle Itay Insua
Yu, Kay Ho Guillermo E. Torres Ado Pansacola Capulong . Calixto R.
Uy Chongco, Lorenzo.O . Joselito Valderas Carlos , Crisostomo E.
Pedro E. Torres
Jackie Fleta Catacutan , Paterno Y.
Abel Timbol Cervantes , Antonio LI .
Vivencio A. Urera Celing enarosa
COTOBATO Luis Salvacion Chua, Francis
Geronimo Uy Constantino, Marciano
COTABATO JUNIOR CHAMBER OF Ramon Vicente Floring Tan Cura , Genaro
COMMERCE David , Ernesto S.
GUMACA MISAMIS Dizon , Ernesto S.
Faustion , Omila , President Dizon , Jacinto
Ricardo V. Santos, Executive Vice Gunaca Chamber of Commerce MISAMIS JUNIOR CHAMBER OF Encarnacion , Honorio T.
President Gumaca , Quezon COMMERCE OF OZAMIS CITY Espinosa . Telesforo G.
1951-52 ( 1951-1952 ) Fernando , Gregorio J.
Jabib Gampong , Vice -President for
Internal Affairs BOARD OF DIRECTORS Julito J. Abadies ( President) Halili , Armengol S.
Teodoro Malasig , Vice - President for Ernesto G. Castañeda ( E. A. V. - P ) Ignacio, Lino Jr.
Fiuto T. Olivera-President Jesus , Fernando de
External Affairs Eduardo T. Mendoza-- Executive Vice James Feliciano ( I. A. V -P) Leon , Ruperto de
Atty . Leonardo Zulueta, Secretary President Ernesto Garces (Secretary ) Liwanag, Dominador L.
L: Tlan Chu Gregorio Engracia ( Treasurer ) Lugay , Bernardo T.
Ernesto E. Lopez - Vice - President for Pedro Celdran ( Director )
Antonio Dugaduga External Affairs Macapinlac , Jose G.
Atty . Jose Sarenas Pantaleon ce Vera -- Secrctary Ubaldo Clarete ( Director )
Teodorico M. Duras ( Director ) Macapinlac, Rufino G.
Arjan Hemandas Vicente Tan -- Treasurer
Dr. Linsao Lino Engracia ( Director ) Maciang , Rafael A.
Teodosio Principe-Auditor Godofredo Rubin ( PRO ) Mamawal, Montano
Paulino Santos, Jr. Jesus Tañada-Auditor
Vicente Dorotheo Antonio A. Miguel--Press Relations Joaquin Chiong ( Auditor ) Matias , Justino S.
Juan R. Magdato Officer Emilio T. Sy
Eustaquio Villanueva Mendoza , Alejandro B.
Tom Pangilamen , Auditor ACTIVE
Eleuterio Orbe , PRO MEMBERS Berty C. Edmilao Paras , Ricardo L.
Nerco Andolong Cesar " Cess " Angulo Prudencio V. Villafuerte Pineda , Patricio Y.
Gerardo Alniendras
Amando " Amanding " Baluyut Quirino, Constante D.
MEMBERS J. Henry Go
Flavio “ Aviong " Barretto Segundo Cy Regidor Rivera , Carlos N.
Jesus Cabrera Lino " Lin " Cosico Saladino Medina Rivera , Porfirio C.
Alfredo Ortouste
Eduardo Enaje Manuel " Awe" David Pedro Niere Rosa , Gideon de la
Hasso Daswani Jose " Joe " Estrada Ramon W. Bernard Rosario , Cenon E. del
Ricardo Anagaran Cornelio " Nell" de Guzman Lee Liong King Ruiz , Jose M.
Abdula Salik Eladio " Laddie " Ilagan
Herman Jocson Lim An Santos, Adriano E.
Pedro Zapanta Domingo " Dom " Libranda 'Tong Bi Lim Sawit , Homobono
Hector Palileo Ernesto " Ernie " Lopez Serrano , Antero
Jose Piñero
Manuel Gueco Eduardo " Dado " Mendoza Sison , Jose O.
Matias Basco Numeriano Salibo
Fernando Go
Antonio " Tony " Miguel Lim Lin Chong Tabamo, Jose A.
Ang Chai Chi Luis " Bang " Nava Samson Tamparong Tañedo , Amado N.
Manuel V. Francisco Fruto " Otto " T. Olivera Fernando Derong Tañedo, Magin V.
Uy Ching Bee Reynaldo " Rey" Principe Tañedo ,Ramon N.
Alberto Uy Matilde Roble
Teodosio " Teddy " Principe Paterno Angelo Tarifa , Pedro Y.
 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 131
1951 - 1952
Tatlonghari. Benito Manila ; Juan , Celestino C .- ' Celes " -- Manila
Tiongson, Casiano Campos, Miguel- "Mike" -The Phil - Police Department, Isaac Peral, Ma
LIONS American General Ins . io . , Inc. , 5th FI . nila - 5-43-11 ;
Tioseco , Pablo L Katigbak , Curique- " Henry "-Bank
Torres , Jose S. Wilson Bldg . , P. O. Box 753 , Manila
LIONS CLUB OF MANILA
Trinidad, Juan M. ---2-97-88 ; of the Philippine Islands, Plaza Cer
Valdez , Maximino Headquarters : Suite 804 , Bay View Carlos, Gil R .- ' Gil "-Padilla , Carlos vantes, Manila -- 4-69-91 ;
Valencia , Emilio Hotel, Dewey Boulevard , Manila Phil & Fernando, 466 Regina Bldg . , Escolta, Kayanan , Antonio C .-- " Tony"-NA
Villanueva, Eleazar V. ippines — P . O. Box 411 , Manila ; Tele Manila -- 3-33-28 ; tional Urban Planning Commission ,
phone 5-46-21 Local 40 Metropolitan Water Dist. Bldg . , Ma
Carunungan , - Delfin A .- " Delfin " .
Imprenta Los Filipinos, 334 Raon St. , nila - 3-24-67 ;
OFFICERS : -1951-1952
TUGUEGARAO Mariano V. del Rosario Gresident Manila - 3-38-16 ; Kho , Felix- " Felix ' . -Felix Trading
Manuel " Dindo " Gonzalez Im Castañeda , Constancio " Cons ” Corporation , 405 B China Bank Bldg ..
Manila -- 2-73-54 ;
TUGUEGARAO JUNIOR CHAMBER OF mediate Past President. Central Surety & Insurance Co. , 2nd
Lala na, Antonio C .- " Tony " -Ortigas,
COMMERCE, TUGUEGARAO CAGAYAN Francisco Ortigas , Jr. Past Pres Floor Burke Bldg ., Escolta , . Manila
ident. 3-26-22 ;
Madrigal & Company. Filipinas Bldg. ,
Joseph Stoops Santiago F. de la Cruz Second Castañeda , Mauro_ " Casti" -Botica Manila -- 2-81-88 ;
James Whitney Vice - President . Boie ( Instrument Dept. ) , Escolta , Ma Landert, Emil- " Emil" --Swiss In
Fidel Garello Lawrence R. Moran First Vice ( Restaurant & Hotel ) Miramar Apari
nila --3-23-56 ; ment, Dewey Blvd., Manila -- 5-3914
Victorino Baquiran President . Castro , Anastacio de " Tacio " -149 F.
Jose Kanapi Henry Tang Third Vice - President . Roxas , San Juan , Rizal - 6-86-35 ;
Ledesma, Feliciano J.- " Feling'
Inocencio uimqueco Howard M .- " Howard ' Jover , Ledesma & Puno 307 Wilson
Vicente C.
Renato V. Arevalo
Zamora , Jr. Secretary Cavender ,
Globe
Nestor Quinto Treasurer Wireless Ltd. , China Bank Bldg .. Bldg . , Manila-2-95-13
Virgilio Pobre Yñigo Celestino C. Juan Lion Tamer P. O. Bix 770 , Manila -- 2-98-66 ; Ledesma, Pacifico , - “ Pico " -Lecies
Clotilde Pagalilauan Aliredo Lozano Tail Twister Cepeda , Dominador- "Doming "-Beta ma Commercial Co. , Inc. , 210 Ayala
Vicente Cue Directors - 1951 - '52 : Hermenegildo B. Construction Co. , Inc. , Choy Bldg .. Bldg . , Juan Luna , Manila - 2-87-02
Tony Young Reyes , Claudio Teehankee ; 1951 - '53 : Dasmariñas, Manila--3-27-21 ; Legarda , Jose- " Pepito " -- 180 Vito
Ong Kim Piao Vicente A. Araneta , William H. Quasha Chan , Manuel 0 .- " Maning" -Chan Cruz, Manila
Joaquin Rodriguez Gregorio D. Jaime Executive - Sec & Ampil , 315 Ayala Bldg . , Manila
Rolando Achanzar Lerma , Leonides R .-- " Leony " --2nd .
Florentino Fermin retary 2-65-10 ; Floor, Alcazar , Bldg . , Manila-3-33-16
Lim You Chan , Robert- " Bob "-The Asiatic Licaros, Gregorio— " Greg'' - Central
Committee Chairmen
Chua Nai Sui
Attendance Leon Gorden verg Brokerage . Inc. , 310 Dasmariñas St .. Bank of the Philippines -- 3-23-33
Ramon Maguigad Manila-3-31-01 ; Lim , Benito E .- " Benny" - Phil.
Eduardo Muñoz Boys and Girls Gerrit B. Douwsma Cheng. Serafin- " Pin " -- Manila Over American Life Insurance ,
Jose Tang Cluizenship &
J. Sevilia
Patriotism Ignacio
seas Commercial Co. , 505 Wise Bldg .. Wiison Bldg . , Manila - 2-79-86 5th Floor
Johnny Chua Manila-2-80-65 ; Limjuco , Juan— " Johnny " -Far East
Tong Tom Civic Improvement Carlos E. Da Ching, Victor-" Vic " --Kai Ming Press , ern Travel Agency 19 Escolta , Manila
Martin Dizon Silva --2-91-61
817-819 Narra St. , Manila -- 2-88-59 ;
Hilarion Cunabe Community Betterment Otilio A. chua , Fernando R .-- " Fernando "
Jose Foz Watson Electric E & S. Co. , 718 Rizal
Limpe , James V .- " Jimmy" -Tra
Arellano ders Insurance & Surety Co. , 203 Juan
Guillermo A. de la Cruz Constitution & By - Laws Manuel
Avenue, Manila - 3-31-60 ;
Bernardo Garcia Luna St. , Manila - 2-94-71
P. Calanog Chua , Pedro__"Peter '-Hock Linn ,
Juan Atabug Emerito M. Ramos
An & Harold A .- " Hal" -Manila
Convention Co. , 145 Rosario St. , Manila -- 2-94-88 ; Daily Bulletin 635 F. Torres, Manila
Benito Uy So Economics Cesar Lorenzo
Mariano Silva Education
Chuaseco , Cornelio- " Cornie " -521 3-37-91
Alejandro B. Yague Alberto Reyts
Santo Cristo , Manila -- 2-61-50 ; Little , Lyle K .-- " Lyle " -Philippine
Jose Simangan Feilowship francisco Vilagas , Jr. Coon , John D .-- " Johnny "-Interna
Finance Gregorio Licaros Advertising Associates, 407 Trade &
Que Che A. Lim tional Harvester Co. ( Phil . ) , 154 Mar Commerce Bldg. , Manila - 2-82-532
Greeters Manuel O , hizon
Health & Welfare Dalmacio Suaco quis de Comillas St. , Manila -3-89-21 : 94-92
Lions Information Gabriel F. Vil- Cordero , Marciano-- ' Marcy " -Soriano Liwanag . Felipe L. " Felipe " -DES
VIGAN y Cia , 5th Floor Soriano Bldg . , Manila
laliueva
--- 2-79-61;
CO 238 Regina Bldg. , Escolta , Manila,
Membership Eduardo Ortigas Tra
-3-24-48
VIGAN JUNIOR CHAMBER OF
Program Ricardo A. Molina Cornejo , Rodolfo " Rod " -2419
mo Road , Pasay City -5-17-70 ; Li Yao, William- " Willy " -Li Yao &
COMMERCE , VIGAN, ILOCOS SUR Publicity & duileun - Junge Revilla Company , 236 Carvajal St., Manila-
Cromwell , Jr. Robert- " Bob " -- Crom
Honorio Donato , President Deliin A. Carunungan well Cosmetic Export Co. Call 20 571 2-89-56
Safety Edgar Bond Lopez , Leon P .- " Leon " -Zest Thea
Victorio Alcantara Sight Conservation & Blind Leo P. O. Box 1814 , Manila-- ;
Ricardo Allardo Cruz, Santiago F. de la- " Santi” ter , R. Hidalgo St. , Manila
nides Lerma
Hilario Arañas Eligio J. Tavanlar
University of the East , Azva ETA Lorenzo, Cesar- " Ces" -Central
Felicisimo Amores Spec.al Events Bank of the Philippines — 3-21-76
Leopoldo Calixto University of the East, Azcarraga St. ,
Gregorio Azurin Sports Lorenzo , Joyino " -Ven " - .Pacific Ox
United Nations Frank u . Bennett Manila - 3-36-81;
Felix Aragon " Cua " -Philippine
Cua, S an t la go
ygen & Acetylene 2nd . Floor Regina
Jaime Bautista Bldg . , Manila - 3-30-26
Maximino Bello CLUB ROSTER Product & Export Co. R -415 Mari Lozano , Alfredo_ " Fred " -P.O . Box
Julio Benedito Acayan , Amado M .- " Amado " --Ma tima Bldg . , Juan Luna St. - 2-82-70 .
1837, Manila
Jose Bie nila rulous Association , Fort Terminal Cuervo , Jr. Ramon F .- " Ramon "
Eddie Chan F. Calero & Co. , Elisa Bldg . , Quezon Lu , Paul - ' Lu " -American Inter
Bldg . , Manila - 3-30-29 ; national Underwriter 7th Floor, Wilson
Simeon Crisostomo nuad , rlau.du - Uldu" - 1130 Gover- Blvd. , Manila -- 3-84-66 ;
Edilberto Donato nor rorbes St. , Manila ; Cunanan , Joaquin-- " Jack "-Price & Bldg . , Manila --- 2-98-86
Honorio Donato Agrava , Federico - Fred " -- 205 Jalan Water House & Co. , Moserco Bldg . , Mabbun , Pablo N .- " Paul" Rehabil
Librado Espiritu doni Bldg . , Dasmariñas , Manila ; 58 111 13th St. , Port Area -- 3-87-57 ; itation Finance Corporation 3rd . Floor
Ernesto Filart South diul Q. U. , 0-84-35 ; David , Juan T .- " Johnny " -David & Phil. Nat . Bank Bldg . Escolta , Manila
Ignacio Florendo Aguila , Nestor.o L .- ' Nest " -- Manila Guevara Law Office , Burke Bldg . , Es- --3-53-8
Mariano Formoso Underwriter Insurance Co. , R - 24 Na- colta , Manila -- 3-22-36 ; Manlapit , Guillermo Gemongº
Rodolfo Favis tividad Bldg . , Manila -- 3-25-06 ; Da Silva , Carlos E .- " Charlie ' -- 1228- Gwlanlapit, Inc. , 205 Maritima Bldg .
Roman Itchon Alcid , Manuel V .- " A " chilippine E Pennsylvania St. , Manila-5-32-76 : 121 Dasmariñas , Manila -- 2-62-40
Amado Mendoza Trust Company . Plaza Goiti , Manila Mendrano , Bienvenido R .-- " B " -De
Tranquilino Orden , Jr Douwsma, Gerrit B .--"Gerrit " Y. M.
Norberto Parto 3-31-76 ; C. A. , 176 Concepcion , Manila --3-21-67 ; la Rama Lines, Tuason Bldg . , Escolta ,
Marino Rivas
Ambrosio , Gabriel A .- " Gabby "-F. Dudley , Robert L .--"Bob " -Northwest Manila - 2-79-11
Gregorio Sebastian Calero & Co. , 303 Filipinas brug . , Ma- Airlines , Manila Hotel , Manila -- 3-35-29 ; Mendoza , Rufino- " Ruſ" -1158 Penn
Narceo Sambrano nila - 2-62-72 ; Elizalde, Federico " Fred " - Manila sylvania St. , Manila
Jose Singson Ang , Manuel L.-' Maning"-Premier Broadcasting Corporation , Insular Life Miranda , Antonio U .-- " Tony " -306
Francisco Soller Shirts & Panis Factory Cal . 20 501 110 Bldg . , Manila - 2-69-48 ; Insular Life Bldg . , Manila -- 2-71-76
Conrado de los Reyes A. Mabini , Caloocan , Rizal Estrada , Salvador - " Sal" - Filipinas Molina , Ricardo A .- " Ric " -Philip
Arturo Tongson Ang Tai Khun- " Ang " -523 Alvara Compania de Seguros, Filipinas Bldg., pine American Life Insurance Co.
Marcelino Tongson do, Manila Manila -- 2-60-71 ; Wilson Bldg ., Juan Luna, Manila
Constante Valera Anguita , Julio E .- " Julio "-U . S. T. Florentino, Jo e- " Pepe" 2-79-86
Conservatory of Music , University of Formoso , Gabriel P .- " Gabby " -989 Moran , Lawrence R .- " Larry ' .
Santo Tomas, Manila Santol , Sta . Mesa Heights, Manila Picspa Corporation ,
ZAMBOANGA Aquino, Aurelio B .- " A . B . " -C . M. 0-74-10 ;
303 El Hogar
Hoskins & Co. , Inc., 18. Davau St. , Frondoso , Januarlo - " Frondy "-Su Bldg . , Manila - 3-90-28
ZAMBOANGA JUNIOR CHAMBER OF perior Gas & Equipment Co. , Manda Mueller, Johann H .- " Hans" --- Ayala
Manila - 3-85-61 y Cia . 205 Ayala Bldg . , Juan Luna ,
COMMERCE , ZAMBOANGA CITY Araneta , Vicente A .- " V . A . " - Gre- luyong, Rizal - 6-61-02; Manila - 2-69-21
gorio Araneta Inc. , 343 Echague, Si . , Galatas, Jose Ma.- " Jose-Marie " Me
( 1951-1952 ) tro Drug Corporation , 880 Rizal Ave Negado, Susano R .-- " Neg ''- P.O .
iianıla
Arcega-- ,3-29-41
Rafael L .-- " Raf" -606 Box 80 , Manila 3-31-70
Julio " Jul" Alano
Insu- nue, Manila - 2-65-32;
lar Life Bldg. , Manila -- 2-82-39 Goldenberg, Leon-" Leon"--M , Gol- Nicolas , Francisco J .- " Nick " -- 1634
Espiridion " Dion " Alvarez denberg Co., 145 Gen, Solano St.. MA- Rizal Avenue , Manila - 2-70-90
Regulo " Reg " Bala Arellano , Otulo A .- " Oti' - 304 Alca
zar Bldg . , Manila - 3-38-46 nila -- 3-25-59 ; Noriega, Gregorio L .- " Yoyong ' --
Lino “ Lino" Bangayan ( Director ) J. Amado Araneta Enterprise , 2nd .
Lazaro “ Charoy" Bernardo Arevalo , Renato C , V .- " Ning ”-San Gonzalez , Manuel J.-- " Dindo " -- Ad
Pedro " Peds" Borja ta Ciara Construct Co. , ulc . , 4.
vertising Associates, Inc. , Isla de Pro Floor Uy Chaco Bldg. , Dasmariñas,
Roberto " Bert" Cabato Pennsylvania St . , -- 5-52-17 Manila -- 2-79-81
visor, Manila - 3-21-01;
Carlos “ Carlitos " Camins, Jr. Asis , Leocadio de- " Edgle "-Delgado Gruber, Andrew D.-" Andy"-Gruber Nuguid , Federico S .-- "Fred " -Nuguid
Ramon " Mon ” Camins Bros., Inc., 4th Fioor Custom Bldg . Enterprises, 219 Calvo Bldg ., Escolta . & Nuguid , 310 Calvo Bldg ., Escolta ,
Jose " Joe " Chiong Port Area-3-85-41 Manila -- 2-74-45 .
Manila -- 2-60-83;
Manuel " Nuel" Chua Ayesa , Benjamin- “ Ben "-Royal Soft Guevara , Domingo M .- " Ingo" -Ra- Ocampo, Vicente R. de " Vicenting"
Cesar “ Sar" Climaco (Director ) Drinks, Otis St. , Manila - 6-75-81 dlowealth , 315-317 Raon St. , Manila- -De Ocampo Memorial Hospital 6
Teofilo “ Toy " Cortez Balatbat ,
Marcelo S .--- " Liloy ” -- 205 3-26-61 ; Sociego St. , Sta . Mesa , Manila --6-65-42
Jose " Joe " Co ( Director ) Ortigas , Eduardo— “ Noning " -- Filip
Consolidated Investment Bldg . , Plazı Guzman, Benjamin de " Ben " -Phil-
Abelardo " Dan " Cuyugan ippine National Bank, San Fernando inas Compania de Seguros Fllipinas
Segundino " Dino " Enriquez ( Dir . ) Goiti, Manila --- 3-25-37;
Barazon , Vicente P .- " Vic " - L. D. Bldg . , Manila - 2-69-06
Valerio " Ler " Evangelista Branch, Pampanga-2-98-26 ;
Fernando " Boy " Fabian Seymour & Co., 426 Dasmariñas, Ma Guzman , Cecilio A. de- " Cecilio "- Ortigtas. Jr, Francisco— " Paquito " --
Abelardo " Lard " Fernandez ( Pres . ) nila--- 3-88-16 ; Jaime Hernandez & Company , 316 Re- Ramirez & Ortigas 303 Filipinas Bldg . ,
Bienvenido " Ben " Garcia ( IA V - P ) Barrenengoa , Jorge -- " George " 411 gina Bldg . , Escolta , Manila -- 3-38-45 : Manila -- 2-81-88 .
Julian " Lianing " Garcia ( Dir . ) B. Sysun , Paco, Manua . Guzman , Jose J. de-- " Jayjay " -- Com- Ortigas , Joaquin J .- " Quinito " .A .
Alfonso " Ponching " Gatchalian Baluyut, Rodriguez Richard— " Dick " monwealth Insurance Co. , Capitol C. Hall & Company 201 Ayala Bldg . ,
Ho " Ho " Chiong -Office of Alien Property Phil. Office , Theater Bldg . , Escolta , Manila ---2-74-82 ; P. 0. Box 2714, Manila -- 2-74-52
Lope " Lop " Japlit 5 Corta bitarte, Manila -- 5-33-23 Guzman , Luis A. de-- " Louie " -- Ba- Ortigas , Rafael-- " Rafael " -Ramirez
Rosalio " Llong" Lim Bello , Victor H. " Vic "-American lintawak Pictures Inc. , Rizal Avenue & Ortigas 303 Filipinas Bldg ., Manila
Roseller " Ller " Limi Foreign Insurance Ass'n . , 402 Ayala Ext . , Rizal ; 2-81-88
Armando " Armand ” Lopez ( External ) Bldg . , P. 0. Box 1930 , Manila - 2-98-01 Hart , Joseph C .- "" Joe" -- National Ci- Pascual , Jose " Jose '' Pepsi-Cola
Jose " Pepito " Lopez ( Affairs V - P ) Bennett, Frank C .- " Frank " -Atlan ty Bank of New York , Juan Luna St .. Bottling Company, Balete Drive , Que
Jose " Peping " de Leon tic Gulf & Pacific Co. , Dollar Bldg .. Manila -- 2-79-46 ; zon City - 6-87-61
Pedro " Pete " Lorenzo Port Area , Manila - 3-36-61; Hilado , Carlos B .- ' Oarlos "-204 Aya- Paz , Angel de la " Angle " -Rehab
Carlos " Carling" Lucas Bond , Edgar -- " Ed "-National Bureau la Bldg . , Manila --2-99-75 : ilitation Finance Corporation Philip
Farnacio " Farnie " Luistro of Investigation , Intramuros , Bldg . , Manila
Manila Hizon , Manuel 0 .-- " Maning " -- Office pine National Bank
Ramon " Mon " Lumabao ( Secretary ) -2-82-29 ;
Edmund o o
" Mundit " Madrazo ( V - P ) of the Insurance Commissioner, 224 3-30-50
Rodolfo " Doll" Marquez Brooks, Robert P .- " Bob " -Universal Natividad Bldg . , Manila -- 3-28-26 : Pelaez , Emmanuel- " Manny" -- Ta
Trading Co. , Inc., 24th Boston St. , ñada . Pelaez & Teehankee China Bank
Virisimo " Viring ' ' Martin Port Area , Manila -3-85-51 ;
Iñigo, Carlos- " Carling" --Lincoln
Pedro " Ped " Melad National Life Insurance Co. , 615 Ayala Bidg ., Manila - 3-30-50
Fernando " Nanding " Merino Calalang , Alfonso- "Ponso " ---Security Bldg . , Juan Luna St. , Manila - 2-79-41 ; Peña , Precioso S.- " Sesing"-Peña
Sarbelio " Beling " Molina Bank & Trust Co. , Consolidated In Isp , Amando B .- " A . B . " - 326 Sa- Gravel & Sand R - 301 Monte de Piedad
Jose " Joe " Rapadas vest . Bldg . , Manila --3-23-60 ; manillo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila -- 2-71-43 ; Bldg . , Manila --2-88-80
Felix " Lix " Saavedra Calanog . Manuel P .-- " Manoling " . Jalbuena , Benito V .- " Ben ' - 430 Re- Periquet, Aurelio- " Aurelio " -Paci 2
Pama " Pama" Shewaran Calanog & Alaſriz , 404 Regana Bldg . , gina Bldg . , Escolta , Manila- 3-22-31 ; fic Union Insurance 212 Regina Bldg ..
Lekhu ' Lucky" Tolaram Manila -- 3-33-33 ; Joseph , George L .-- " Jojo " --Joseph Escolta , Manila -- 3-30-26
Arturo " ART" Valez " Calero , Antonio " Tony" -F. Calero Brothers Inc. , Dee C. Chuan Bldg . , Pertierra , Isidro - ' Isi " -- Insular Life
Cesar “ Sar" Villafuerte Assurance Company 305 Insular Life
Jose " Che " Villafuerte & Co. , 303 Filipinas Bldg . , Manila-- Rizal Ave. , Manila - 3-33-06 ;
Jose " Pepe " Wee ( Treasurer ) 2-62-72 : Josue , Adelfo- " Adelfo "_Soriano y Birg . , Manila -- 2-71-02
John " Johnny" Yeo Calixto ,Leopoldo - " Leo "- Lecal Cia , Soriano Bldg . , Dasmariñas, Ma- Pfitz , Enrique " Enrique " Ayala
Leonardo " Narding " Zagala Woodworks, 818-826 San Marcelino St. , nila ---2-79-61; Securities Corporation , Ayala Bldg .,
 132 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Juan Luna St. , Manila ---2-69-21 . Wandruff, Benjamin— " Ben " -U . S. Bautista Jose P. ( Joe ) , Printing & nior active member , Pres . & Gen
Pongos, Dominador S - “ Domy - Veterans Administration , Escolta , Ma- Publishing - Newspaper Publishing , Ed- Manager , Genato Commercal Çorp
Fred Wilson & Co. , Inc. , 677 Dasma- nila -- 3-37-81. itor . The Manila Times . Florentino 1075 R. Hidalgo , Manila - 3-26-48 ; Res
rias St. , Manila - 2-70-23 Wang, Santos " Santy " New Ma- Torres , Manila - 3-29-31 ; Res : 20 Univ- 1075 R. Hidalgo , Manila - 3-26-48 .
Prieto . Antonio --- Tony " -221 Nati- nila Glassware , 128 Villalobos St. , Ma- ersity Avenue, Malabon , Tel Dial 20 Goldman , A. P. ( Ah Pch ) . Insurance
vidad Bldg . , Manila -3-28-63 nila - 3-31-24, 3-84-26 . ask for -- Cal -4-89 . --Life, Manager , Manufacturing Life
Weigert, H. F. " Hel O.E.S. & Bayan , Sergio (Sergio ); Building Insurance Co. , Doña Salud Bldg . , 671
William H .- " Bill ” —Gibbs,
Quasha, S , Co. , Inc. , 673 Dasmariñas; Manila Materials - Metal Windows Manufac Dasmarinas - 3-83-71 , Local 34 ; Res
Gibbs , Chuidian & Quasha : R -207 turing . Gen. Manager, Mayon Metal Elena Apts Romero Salas, Manila
3-29-38, 6-72-36 .
Singson Bldg ., Manila-3-80-81 ; Ying Ow Yong * Ying" Ow Yong Windows, Inc. , 99 Dasmariñas Bldg . , 5-42-43 .
Ramos , Emerito M. " Mering" Manila - 2-84-29 ; Res : 25 Kanlaon , Gomez , Daniel (Dan ) , Transporta
S. Ying, 424 Poblete St. , Manila
Farm Implement & Machinery Co., 2-96-36 . Quezon City - 6-62-34 . tion - Air Transportation , Gen. Secre
502-506 Samanillo Bldg . , Escolta , M2 Young , Charles H. " Charlie '' Beltran , Antonio J. ( Tony ) , Chem- tary, Philippine Air Lines, MRS . Bldg ..
nila - 3-33-87 ; United Underwriters, Inc. , 500 Juan ical Industry - Drugs Distributing , Manila -- 2-79-66 ; Res : 65 Silang Sta .
Ramos, Faustino G .- " Oti" ---Ramos Luna St. , Manila 2-75-27 Asst . Manager, Botica Boie, 95 Escol- Ana , Manila - 5-41-08 .
" Julian " Manila --3-23-56 ; 1315 Gomez , Dr. Quintin ( Quint ) , Med
Legaspi Architect, 304 Laperal Bldg .. Yson , Julian 0 . Ma Res : Taft
Rizal Ave. , Manila -- 2-96-12 Avenue, Manila . icine - Anesthesiologist, Phil . General
nila Surety & Fidelity Co. , R -301 Mon Tel
Rebullida , Carlos " Charlie " R.
te Yu PiedadToBidg . , “ Manil
de Khe a -- 2-88-80Sons
. Benitez, Conrado (Conrado ). Finance Hospital, Taft Avenue , Manila ,
Rebullida Inc. , 51 Escolta , Manila
To'_Yutivo --Building & Loan Association , Pres . , 5-34-45 , Corporal York & Shaw Blvd. ,
2-86-15 Hardware , Yutivo Bldg . , Dasmariñas Benitez & Company. 5th Floor, State Mandaluyong - 6-76-65.
Revilla , Jorge "George " Stand St. , Manila-2-99-60 .
Eldg . , Rizal Avenue, Manila -- 3-33- Gonzales , C. S. ( CS ) , Real Estate
dard -Vacuum Oil Company Isaac Peral Zamora , Eduardo " Dan " Cris 55 ; Res : Mariposa Avenue , Cubao , Real Estate Agency , Pres. , C. S. Gon
St. , 3-92-11 Quezon City--6-81-17 . Co. , Cu Unjieng Bldg . An
" Bert "
pulo Zamora and Sons, 423 Sales St , nex , T. Pinpin , Manila - 3-33-95 ; Res :
Reyes , Alberto Manila Manila 3-32-58 . Jr. , Francisco ( Paquing ),
Benitez ,
Building & Loan Association , 5th Marilao , Bulacan .
Zamora , Jr. Vicente " Vicky " Transportation - Taxicab Service . Man Gonzalez , Dr. Rodolfo ( Rolfing ) ,
Floor, State Theater Bldg . , Manila 434 Ronquillo St. , Manila 3-28-05 . ager, Redi Taxicab , 242 Carriedo cor Medical Service - Orthopedics , Director
3-33-55 , Honorary Members her Pinaglabanan , San Juan-6-81-52 ; Gonzales Orthopedic Hospital , 1006
Reyes, Hermenegildo B. " H.B ." - Ma- President Elpidio Quirino Res : 21 M. Paterno, San Juan - 6-82-83 Isaac Peral , Manila --5-35-64 ; Res
nila Electric Company , 134 San Mar Dr. Jose P. Laurel Brussolo . V. А ( Bruce ) , Engineer
Engineering . Vice - Pres .. 1006 Isaac Peral , Manila - 5-35-64 .
Secretary Carlos P. Romulo irg - Mining Go Puan Seng ( Go ) , Printing &
celino St. , Manila -- 3-24-21. Soriano y Cia . , 5th Floor , Soriano
Reyes , Teofilo Jr. " Totoy " -Over Mayor Arsenio Lacson Publishing Newspaper Publishing
land Automotive Supply , 1656-1658 Ri Bldg ., Manila - 3-82-71. Res : 60 Domin Publisher & Gen. Manager , The
zal Avenue St., Manila -- 2-95-75 ga , Pasay City -5-31-85 . Fookien Times , Soler & Alvarado ,
Roa , Emeterio " Terio " The In Buencamino, Dr. Victor ( Vic ) , Manila , -- 2-72-60 ; Res : 880 Espa ña
sular Life Assurance Co. , Ltd .. Insu
ROTARIANS Senior Active Member , Office : 255
Extension , Quezon City ,
lar Life Bldg . , Manila -- 2-72-72 . Concepcion , Manila -- 3-38-10 ; Res : 26 Gotuaco , John F. (Johnny ) , Lum
Manila Brixton Hill , Sta Mesa -- 6-71-32 . ber Industry -- Lumber Manufacturing ,
Roa, Alfredo Z Jr. " Fred " Bunuan , Vicente G. ( Vince ) , GCV
Getz Brothers & Company, 135 Muelle Manager Civil Engineer , Gotuaco
ROTARY CLUB OF MANILA ernment Sugar Quota Administration , & Co. , 214 Soler, Manila , P.O. Box 511
de Binondo, Manila -2-69-96 . Quo
MANILA HOTEL Acininistrator, Philippine Sugar --2-97-03; Res : 1316 Pennsylvania ,
Roces , Marcos B. " Marquitos" ta Administration , 25th St. , Port Manila - 5-31-33.
Roces Hermanrs, Ideal Theater, Rizal Area , Manila -- 3-25-31 ; Res : 14 Аро
Members of The Board Of Directors Green , Park E. ( Peg ) , Chemical In
Avenue , Manila 2-65-85 . 1951-52 Sta . Mesa Heights Quezon City - 6-74 dustry -Pharmaceutical Chemical Dis
Rosario, Mariano V. del " Maria 81 .
ning " -Quiogue Funeral Parlor, 1329 V. G. Bunuan (( Vince ) , president; Cabarrus, Jesus ( Dan ) , Paints , Oil & tributing , Gen. Manager, E. R. Squibb
Paul Parrette ( Paul ) , vice - president ; Decoration - Paint Manufacturing , vice de Sons
lana International
& Sta . Potenciana Corporation
, Walled ,City
So,
Azcarraga St. , Manila - 2-84-18 .
Roxas, Jose B .-- " Joe " -261 Mayhali Dr. Alfonso Ayesa ( Doc ). secretary : Pres . , Elizalde & Company, 845 Muel
Rafael Anton ( Tony ) , director: Guil- lc de la Industria , Manila -- 2-69-31 ;
Manila -3-22-01 ; Res :
late , Manila -- 5-38-48 . 906 Wright , Ma
gue St. , Manila - 2-67-40 .
lermo Dy Buncio ( Willie ) , director ; Res : 392 Tanduay , Manila - 3-24-58 .
Sales , Salvador- " Badoy "-1180 Musa Hans Menzi ( Hans ) , director; and Be Gregorio , Quirino ( Greg ) , Fishing
Sampaloc, Manila . Campos , Dr. Ramon F. ( Doc ) , Se Industry-Fishing , Manager , Benitez
* Conrad " nito F. Legarda ( Ben ) , director . nior Active Member Office &
Sanchez , Conrado & Company, 5th Floor, State Bldg . ,
Court of First Instance , City Hall , Res : 1023 Estrada , Manila , P.O. Box
Ex - Officio Rizal Avenue , Manila - 3-86-68-3-33
Manila Eduardo Z. Romualdez ( Danding ) , 1898-5-33-05 . 55 ; Res : 214 Arellano, Malabon , Dial
Sax , Karl- " Karl "-Far East Amer treasurer : Millard Arnold ( Mike ) , ser Carlos , Juan J. ( Jonby ) , Construc 20 ask operator_Cal - 3-05 .
Ican & Sax Inc., 31 Escolta , Manila Seant -at - arms; and Rafael S. Dedal tion Service Concrete Construction , Gunn , Donald 0. ( Dinny ) , Dry
Pres . &
Gen. Manager , United Con Goods & Gen. Merchandise - Depart
2-89-28 ; ( Raf ) , asst . sec'y treas .
Seangio , Segundo- " Segundo " -East struction Co. , Inc. , 612 San Marcell ment Stores, Pres. & Gen. Manager ,
Roster of Members : 10 . Manila - 5-32-17 ; Res : 729 Tait H. E. Heacock Co. , Dasmariñas , Ma
Port Trading Co. & Int'l . Factors Inc., Avenue , Manila - 5-35-06 .
200 Cortes Ochoa Bldg . , Manila -- 2-89- Abraham , Santiago ( Santi ), Senior nila - 3-88-71; Res : 443 A. Mabini, Ma
Active Member Pres .. Ajax Interna- Certeza , Timoteo ( Tim ) , Engineer- nila ---5-48-87 .
28 :
Sevilla , Conrado P .- " Seville " -- Phil- tional Corp. , Chronicle Bldg . , Aduana ing - Surveying , Pres . & Gen. Manager , Gunnel, Dav G. ( Dave ), Priuting
ippine National Bank , Escolta , Manila Manila -3-32-37 ; Res : 7 Pulog . Sta . Certeza Surveying Co. , De Leon Bldg . , & Publish ingid Book Distrib nting
Mesa Heights , Quezon City --6-63-47. Rizal Avenue , Manila --3-2022 ; Res : Pres . , Philippine Education Co. , 1104
--3-22-66 ;
Sevilla, Ignacio J. -- " Nacio " Se Abriol , Dr. Rurino ( Pinong ) , Gov- 83 Ortega , San Juan , Rizal-6-86-82 . Castillejos, Manila -- 3-22-51: Res : 13
villa , Calaguas & Company, 226 Palo- ernment - Medical Service - Quarantine Clark , Charies H. ( CX ) , Communi- South 9th St., Quezon City-6-81-40 .
Director, Bureau of Quarantine, Cus cation Service - Radio Serv.ce, District Gustilo , Dr. Romeo ( Romy ) , Medi
Bldg .Tsutseng
moShen , O'Donnell, Manila -- 2-92-40 Manager R.C.A. Communications, cine - Neuro Surgery , Professor , Col
, !
T .- ' 'Shen ""-P . 0. tom House , Port Area , Manila --- 3-36
76 ; Res : 415 Pennsylvania , Manila Inc., Insular Life Eldg ., Manila - 2- lege of Medicine, Section of Neuro
Box 1086 , Manila --- 2-88-01. 79-01 ; Res : 5 Sixth St. , New Manila Surgery Sto. Tomas University , Ezpa
Shih I. Sheng " Shih "
Capitol 5-33-25 .
A. ( Aleco ) . 6-88-84 . ña , Manila -- 3-29-91; Res : 23 Florida ,
Commercial Company , 935 R. Regente Adamson , Alexander
Cojuangco, Juan ( Juanito ), Sugar Malate, Manila -- 5-44-03 .
St. , Manila-2-91-61 . Education - Engineering Schools ( Addi
Smath . Matthew A. " Matthew "- tional ) , Vice -Pres . & Treas ., Adamson Industry -- Sugar Milling , Pres . & Prop- Hallli, Fortunato F. (( Natoy ) , Trans
ristor, Paniqui Sugar Mills, Inc. 448 portation -- Bus Transportation , Prop
National City Bank of New York , Juan University , 213 Marcelino , Manila Regina Bidg . Manila - 3-23-29 ; Res : 43 rietor, Halili Transit , A. Bonifacio ,
Luna St. , Manila ---2-79-45 3-38-78 ; Res : 1188 A. Mabini. Malate ,
Manila-5-30-81 . Villaruel , Pasay City -- 5-15-57. Balintawak , Quezon City -- 2-77-26 ; Res
Smith , Roy G " Smitty "-Young Concepcion , Cristino ( Cris ) , Con Sta . Maria , Bulacan .
Adamson , Dr. George L. ( Doctor ) , Hall, Morris ( Morrie ), Office Ap
Men's Christian Association , 176 Con
struction Service Highway Con
Education - Engineering Schools, Pres., struction , Gen. & Manager, Fortunato pliances, Equipment & Stationery
cepcion St. , Manila-3-25-78 . Adamson University , 213 San Marce.
Steward , Edward F .-- " Ted " --Wise & lino, Manila -- 3-38-78 : Res : 6 broad Concepcion , Inc. , 2002-2020 Shaw Blvd. , Calculating Machines Dsteg ., Gen. Ma
Pasig . Rizal, P.O. Box 1608 , Manila- nager , Burroughs , Ltd. , Chamber oi
Company Inc. , 176 Juan Luna St. , Ma way , Quezon City - 6-82-04 .
nila ---2-91-72 Adolfo A. W. ( Dolf ) , Senior Active 6-61-22 ; Res : Plaza Rizal , Pasig , Ri Commerce of the Philippines Bldy ..
Suaco , Dalmacio " Aciong " A. zal . Migallars Drive , Manila -- 3-20-96 ,
Member, Res : 112 Florante , San Juan ,
T. Suaco & Co. , 2100 Rizal Avenue .. Rizal , Dall.pan , Francisco ( Dalup ) , Educa- Res : 376 Peñafrancia , Paco , Manila
tion-- University Education , Pres . , 5-45-15 .
Manila -- 2-94-01.
Subido , Rosendo 0 . " Ros " 209 Adriano , Dr. F. T. ( Ad ) , Engineer- University of the East , Azcarrasa , Hall, Theo L. ( Ted ). Senior Active
ing - Chemical Engineering. Asst . Vice Manila-3-36-81 ; Res : 45 Brixton Hill ,
Samanillo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila Pies . , San Miguel Brewery , 132 Aviles , Member, Gen. Consultant, Philippine
3-24-71 Sta . Mesa - 6-71-31 . Long Distance Telephone Co. , Mar
Manila - 3-86-21, Res : 1622 Conchu Comillas, Manila 05 ; Res :
Singalong Sub - Division - 5-38-17. Delgado, Francisco ( Paco ) . Trans- quez de
Tang , Henr " Henry " Comm .
Elect . Equipt.y & Supply Co. , Inc., (Ce- Aguinaldo, Daniel ( Dan ) , Lumber portation Coastal Shipping Vice - Pres . 1429 California , Manila - 5-35-22 ,
leasco ) 517 Dasmariñas St., Manila --- Industry -Logging. Pres . , Gulf Lumber & Gen. Manager, Delgado Bros .,, Inc., Hawkins, Ralph G. ( Ralph ) , Print
3-86-11 . Co. , Inc., 881 - E Rizal Avenue, Manila Delgado Bldg ., Bonifacio Drive, Port ins & Publishing Newspaper Publish
Tan Chi , Ernesto Pan --2-89-74 ; Res : 237 V. Mapa , Sta . Me Area , Manila -- 3-85-41 ; Res : 10. Que ing. Publisher The Evening News
" Ernie " Florentin Torres , Manila-3-20-61 :
zon Road , San Francisco del Monte
Asiatic Commercial Co., 3rd Floor, Wil sa -6-77-25 . -Dial 6-87-41 , Local 20 - R .
son Bldg . , Manila-2-75-68 Anton , Rafael ( Tony ), Music -Record Res : 2560 Taft Avenue, Manila --5-35-35 )
Dunn , William ( Bill ) , Broadcast Hernandez Celestino (Lele ). Paper
Tan Tiong Gong “ Chong ” De Manufacturing, Manager, Lebran , Inc., Industry - Paper Distributing ( Addi
20 Sta . Mesa , Manila , P.O. Box 750. ing Service Broadcasting Station
Luxe Dry Goods Store , 464 Juan Luna Service Manager , Manila Broadcast- tional ) . Vice- Pres . , A. C. Ransoin
St. , Manila --- 2-80-73 : 6-74-40 ; Res : 4 Lee , Mandaluyong, Ri ing Co. , Insular Life Bldg . , Manila
Tan , William G. " Willie " Zal -6-70-90 , Philippine Corp. , 144 Juan Luna , Ma
The 2-69-48 ; Res : 913 " Dakota , Manila- nila - 2-80-35 ; Res : Barrio Dongelo .
Aquino , Alejo ( Al ) , Government
Fookien Times, 215 Soler St. , Manila 5-47-66 . Parañaque , Rizal .
--2-72-60. Government Public Works, City Engin Hernandez , Jaime ( Jim ) . Business
ee , r City of Manila , City Hall, Manila Dy Buncio , Guillernio ( Willie ) .
Tavanlar, Eligio J. " T vy " Na --3-24-82; Res : 362 Fuentes , Manila . Food Industry --Floor Distributing , Service-Business Counselling, Senior
Manager, Dy Buncio & Company. 609 Partner , Jaime Hernandez & Co. , Re
tional University , 385 Lipa St. , Sam- Arnold Milliard D. ( Mike ) , Finance
paloc, Manila -- 6-64-31. International Banking ( Additional), La vezares , Manila--2-92-07 ; Res : 55 Pi gina Bldg .. Escolta , Manila -- 3-38-45 ;
“ Ding " Sub -Manager, National City Bank of Res : 91 Syquia , Sta . Ana , Manila
Teehankee, Claudio Ta lar, Mandaluyong - 6-74-34. 5-41-42 .
nada , Pelaez & Teehankee, China Bank New York, Ayala Bldg . , Manila --- 2-79 Eraña , Dr. Bienvenido ( Totti ) ,
Bldg . , Manila - 2-77-16 . 46 ; Res : 435 Park Avenue , Pasay Ci- Medical Service - Dentistry (Addition Hernandez , Maximo C. ( Max ) Paper
Thompson , Rolland E. " Tommie " ty-5-17-97 . al ) , Office : 1201 Arlegui, Manila --3- Industry - Paper Distributing , Pres., A
William H. Rennolds Co. , 670 Das Dr. Alfonso ( Doc ) , Medical 22-17 ; Res : 38 Broadway , Quezon Ci C. Ransom Philippine Corp., 144 Juan
Ayesa , Luna , Manila -2-80-35 ; Res : Barrio
mariñas St. , Manila 2-65-18 . Service -- Obstetrics, Office : 305 Insu ty 6-86-68 .
Tiongco , Leonardo Z. " Leonardo " lar Life Bldg . , Manila -- 2-83-85 ; Res : Eraña, Dr. Gervacio ( GE ) , Medical Donglao, Parañaque, Rizal.
--Compañia Maritima , 109 Juan Luna 188 Manga Avenue , Sta . Mesa - 6-76 Service-Dentistry , Office : 1201 Arle Hill , Atty . Alva J. (Alva J. ). Senior
St. , Manila -- 2-69-68 . 14 . gui , Manila -- 3-22-17; Res : 4 Ull -Uli , Active Meniber, Office & Res : 217 San .
Uy Kee Min “ Uy ” Chan Samco & Bailey, Fay C. ( Fay ) , Finance - In- San Miguel, Manila - 6-73-85 . dejas . Pasay City-5-13-43 .
Sons , Inc. , 304 Sto. Cristo St. , Manila ternational Banking , Sub -Manager , Farolan , Modesto ( Fary ) . Printing Hollmann, Charles , ( Charlie ), Hotels,
Resort Restaurants--- Hotels Man
-2-81-72 . National City Bank of New York , & Publishing - Newspaper Publishing .
C'er. Manila Hotel Co. , Luneta , Ma
Valdes, Basilio J. " Basilio " - our Ayala Bldg . , Manila-279-46 ; Res : 1047 Editor & Publisher , The Philippines
Dila--3-35-01 ; Res : 30 Ortega , San
Lady of Lourdes Hospital , 46 P. San -- F. B. Harrison , Pasay City -- 5-24-09. Herald, DMHM Bldg . , 61 Muralla , Ma Juan -- 6-92-98 .
6-62-78 . Balmaceda , Cornelio ( Balmy ) , Gov nila 3-32-91 Res . Samson
chez , Manila
Varias , Antonio " Tony" C. M. ernment - Government Trade Service , Road , Caloocan , Dial 20 ask operator Huang, K. ( K ) , Senior Active Mem
ber , Ist Vice - Pres ., Philippine Bank
Hoskins & Co. , Inc. , 184 David St. Ma Domestic, Secretary , Department of -Cal 3-8-3 . Communications, 434 Dasmariñas,
of
nila --- 3-85-61. Commerce & Industry. Legaspi Land- Garcia , Adolfo ( Adolfo ) , Senior AC Manila 3-80-16 3-80-98 ; Res : 166
Velmonte , Jose " Joe" State ing Bldg ., Port Area , Manila -- 3-25-31; tire Member, Office & Res : 48 Sta . Ei sy . San Juan , Rizal - 6-84-89 .
University ( U.P. ) Dial U.P. Local 22 Res : 90 - B Park Avenue , Pasay City Escolastica , Pasay City --5-19-41. Huie , Jr. , Byron ( By ) . Transpor
Villa - Abrille , Alberto " Alberto " --5-15-61. Garcia , Dr. Gumersindo (Gumer ) , tation -- Stevedoring Service i Addi
Bank of the Philippine Islands , Plaza Barredo , Jose M. ( Joe ) , Engineer- Hospitals & Institution -- Hospitals , Di tional ) , Officer, Luzon Stevedoring Co.,
Cervantes, Manila-- 2-69-91 . ing - Civil Engineering, Manager , J. rector Mary Johnston Hospital, 101 Dorhim Bldg ., Port Area , Manila
Villacorta , Olimpio M. Barredo Construction Enterprises, Quezada, Tondo , Manila --2-98-34--2 3-37-11 ; Res : 5 Factor Compound,
" Olimpio " Moserco Bldg ., 111 13th St. , Port 98-35 ; Res : 1101 Lepanto , Manila
Modern Pharmacal Products, Inc. , 888 Parañaque--5-19-51 ,
Rizal Avenue , Manila -2-72-06 Area , Manlia -- 5-30-93--3-86-06 ; Res : 3-39-79.
Icasiano , Dr. Mariano C. ( Ike ) , City
Villadolid , Deogracias " Deo " -- Bu Mayflowers Apts ., Pennsylvania corner Garcia , Dr. Paulino J. ( Paulino ), Government Government Public
reau of Fisheries - 5-31-07 . Estrada , Manila --5-35-96 . Medical Service--Radiology , Chief Ra- Health , City Health Officer, City Hall,
Bascara , Domingo C. ( Basky ) , AS diologist, X - Ray Center, 322 San La- Manila -3-22-85 ; Res : 76 Sta . Escolasti
Villanueva , Gabriel F. " Gabby"- sociations Local Y.M.CA. , Gen. Sec zaro , Manila -- 2-63-96 ; Res : Morning
The Chronicle Publication , Chronicle retary , Y.M.C.A. of the Philippines, Side Terrace corner Saluysuy and caIsardas,
, Pasay City .
Bhopatrai T. ( Bhopat ).
Bldg . , Manila 3-20-15 . 176 Concepcion , Manila -- 3-21-67— Lekandili, Sta . Mesa - 6-77-83.
Villareal, Fernando " Nando " Clohting Industry Hosiery Whole
tal
3-35-69; Res: 2415 Misericordia , Manila Genato , Florentino G. ( Tin ) . Food sale , Proprietor, Isardas
Import
Occiden Life Insurance Co. of Ca --2-90-53. Industry Groceries Distributing House , 117 Escolta , Manila - 2-83-17
lifornia , 302 MRS Bldg . , Manila-2-84 . Bautista , Jacinto ( JB ) , Transporta- Sec .- Treasurer ., Genato Commer- 3-28-80 : Res : 595 Kansas Avenue.
83 .
Wallace ,
tion - Railroad Transportation , Traf- cial Crp . , 1075 R. Hidalgo , Manila Manila - 5-32-65 .
John 0 , - " John " -Manila fic Manager , Manila Railroad Co. , --3-26-40 ; Res ; 120 Blumentritt. San Jacinto . Dr. Nicanor ( Nick ) . Med
Electric Company 134 San Marcelino Azcarraga , Manila - 2-78-02 : Res : 2514 Juan 6-86-87. ical Service --Surgery . Office & Res
St. , Manila 3-24-21 . Makata , San Lazaro , Manila Genato , Francisco G. ( Kikoy ) , Se- 613 P. Noval , Manila-- 3-31-88.
 1951-1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 133
Javier, Dr. Emilio M. ( Emy) , Senior Industry Electrical Construction , Pandacan , Manila - 6-62-16 : Res : 1151 2 Mango Road, Malabon, Dial 20 ask
Active Member: Javier Law Oil.ce. Pres . , E. J. Mora Electric Co. , 170-172 M. H. del Pilar (Syquia Apt . ) Manila operator , -- Call 4-29 ,
Rm . 612-613 Garcia Bldg . 624 Rizal Marquez de Comillas, Manila -- 3-21- --5-39-40 . Villanueva , L. Z. ( Villa ) Firearms
Avenue , Manila - 2-61-75 ; Res ; 153 85 ; Res : 1188 Carolina Manila - 5-31-42 . Rocha , Antonio ( Tony ) . Transpor- &: Explosives--Firearms Distributing .
Sierra Madre , Sta Mesa Heights , Nakpil , Juan F. . ( Juanito ) , Con- tation - Ocean Shipping Pres . , C. F. Proprietor & Gen , Manager , L. Z. VI
Quezon City - 6-76-96 . struction Service - Consulting Archi- Sharp & Company, Insular Life Bldg . , llanueva , 424 Florentino Torres... Ma
Koster . George E. (George ) , Con
tect , Office & Res : 615 Dakota , Ermi- Manila -- 2-69-56 ; Res : 1474 Shaw nila-3-33-67 ; Res.: 909-A San Marce
struction service - Building Construc ta , Manila ---5-33-19 . -6-74-12 lino , Manila .
ton , Pres . , George E. Koster & Co., Nawalray, Rupchand (Rup ), Dry Rodrigriez , JI . , Eulogio Yoyong ) , villarama, Dr. Antonio ,Tony) Na
King Albert , Mandaluyong, P.O. Box Good & Merchandise ; Dry
General Agriculture -- Rice Growing , Pres . , Al tional Government - Public Health
27036-75-24 ; Res : 858 Isaac Perla , Goods Distributing, Manager, Wassia lied Enterprises Co. Inc., David , Ma- Service , Office & Res .: 334 Herran ,
Manila --- 5-32-60. nila -2-74-12 ; Res : Quezon Blvd. , Manila
mull Assomull & Co. , Rm . 218, 500-502 Quezon City - 6-74-80 . Wagner, Louis C. ( Lou ) Chemical
Kreutz , Karl ( Karl ) , Machinery & Juan Luna , Manila -- 2-60-35 ; Res : 1325
Equipment-Sewing Machines Distri Romualdez, Eduardo Z. ( Danding ) . Industry-- Toilet Preparation Distri
Taft Avenue , Manila , P.O. Box 489 Finance Commercial Banking, Pres . , buting , Pres . & Gen. Meneger , L. G.
butting , Singer Sewing Machine Co., 5-38-37 .
Singer Bldg .. Bonifacio Drive Ma1 Philippine Trust Co. , Plaza Goiti, Ma Wagner ( Manila ) Ltd. , Rm . 602-603
la -- 3-24-11; Res : 52 Elena Apts . Er Neri . Felino ( Lino ) , Government- ila - 3-37-7o ; Res : 53 Pilar Mandalu Ayala Bldg . , Manila --- 2-77-78 : Res . :
mita , Manila --5-42-07 . Foreign Diplomatic Service Undersec yong : -6-72-77 . Pulo Road , Parañaque - 5-13-67.
retary , Department of Foreign Affairs, Rosario , Ernesto del ( Ernie ), Print Wen . W. J. ( NJ ) Vegetable Fiber-
Legarda , Benito F. ( Ben ) .-Senior Buntal Fiber , Pres ., Consolidated In
Arlegui , Manila - 3-24-86 ; Res : Gilmore ing & Publishing - Newspaper Publish
active member, --La Rosario Distillery & ing, Editor - in - Chief, The Manila dustrial Corp. , 4th Fioor , 99 Dasmari
1011 R. Hidalgo , Manila -- 3-36-38 ; Res : 7th . Quezon City - 6-83-85 . ñas Bldg . , Manila-2-99-87 ; Res : 304
Chronicle , Chronicle Bldg .. Aduana ,
No. 1 Calabash Road , Balic-Balic , Ma Norton , J. E. ( Jimmy) , Building
Manila --- 3-20-15 ; Res : 111 - B Buenca Antonio Apts . A. Mabini , Manila
nila - 6-77-43. Materials - Building Materia's Distri 5-31-33 .
buting. Pres . & Manager Norton & mino, San Miguel , Manila - 6-71-37.
Leon , Luis De ( (L'i), Recreation Rosario , Ramon del (Monching ). Wood , Paul (Woody ) Agricultural
Motion Picture
Producing , Vice - Pres . , Echague, Manila--3-34-11
L.V.N. Inc. , Central Bivd . ,
Pictures ,
--- 3-34-12,; 814
Harrison
Res : 17th , New Manila , Insurance - Casualty , Vice - Pres ., Phil Equipment Industry - Agricultural Im
Ocampo , Fernando ( Fernando ). ippine American Life Insurance Co .. plement Distributing; Manager , Inter
Quezon City --6-85-67; or EMA Bldg .. Wilson Bldg. Juan Luna , Manila rational Harvester Co. of the Philip
Azcarraga corner T. Alonso , Manila Construction Service - Architecture ,
Office : 3rd Floor Calvo Bldg . , Es- 2-79-86 ; Res : Horseshoe Drive , N. Do pines , 154 Marques de Comillas, Ma
0-85-67-2-75-9-; Res : 83 Manuel Roxas , colta , Manila -- 2-88-55 ; Res : M. H. del mingo , Quezon City - 6-86-91 . nila --- 3-89-21; Res .: Admiral Apts . , De
Baclaran -- 5-21-50 . wey Blvd. , Manila -- 5-37-31 Ext. 17 .
Pilar , Manila-5-43-82 . Rovira , Jr. , Leopoldo ( Polding ),
Leon , Manuel de (Manny ). Real
Ordoveza , Ramon C. Electrical Industry Incandescent Wu , K. C. ( KC ) Food Industry
Estate Renting Proprietary , Office : ( Ramon ) , Groceries Retailing , Managing Direc
Printing Publishing Lithography Iainp Manuľacturing, Asst . Vice - Pres ..
EMA Bldg . , Azcarraga corner T. Philippine Electrical Manufacturing tor , Acme Super Market , 135 Padre
Vice - Pres ., Carmelo & Bauermann ,
Alonso . Manila-2-75-91 ; Res : 43 Inc. 2057 Azcarraga , Manila-3-22-61 ; Co. , 27 P. Domingo , Makati , Rizal --- Faura , Manila -- 5-37-51; Res .: 209 Cor
Broadway , Quezon City - 6-85-68. Res : 193 Somme, San Juan , Rizal- 5-45-11 ; or Sales Department, Soriano tabitarte near Dakota , Manila --5-36-63,
Mariano F. Lichauco , ( Marianito ) 6-84-21. Yang Sepeng ( Young ) Associations
Bldg . , Manila , 5-82-71 ; Res 1032 India -Chamber of Commerce , Executive
Senior Active Member - Off. & Res . na , Manila-5-32-18,
15th South , 9th St. , Diliman , Tel . gov't Orendain , Juan C. ( Johnny ) . Law Secretary , Chinese Chamber of Com
Civil Law Practice , Office : 403 Gar- Rufino, Vicente ( Vic ) . Recreation- merce , 672 Benavides, Manila --- 2-94-66 ;
tel . ask 44-35
cia Bldg . , Rizal Avenue , Manila -- 3- Motion Picture Theater , Pres . , Luzon Res .: Kamuning , Quezon City - 6-81-64.
Lim , Dr. Manuel (Manoling ). Law 88-11 - L 43 : 17 Jose Abad Santos Theaters, 4th Floor , State Bldg . , RI- Yanzon , Dr. J. H ( Yan ) Associa
Conmercial Law Practice , Vice . - Pres .. Quezon City. zal Avenue , Manila -- 3-33-04 ; Res : 3053 tion-Red Cross , Manager, Philippine
A. Soriano y Cia . , Soriano Bldg . , Ma Orosa , Jose Y. ( Joe ), Dry Goods & Taft Avenue Extension , Pasay City National Red Cross, 600 Isaac Peral ,
nila --3-82-71 ; Res : 106 Militar , Mala General Merchandise Department --5-10-55 . Ermita Manila -- 5-34-73 ; Res : 91 Do
te , Manila-5-31-13 . Stores ( Additional ) , Vice - Pres . , H. E. Sabalvaro , Vicente ( Sabal) , Abaca
Heacock Co. 605 Dasmariñas, Manila . minga, Pasay City-5-30-36 .
Lim , Peter ( Pete ) , Indus Tobacco Industry -- Abaca Plantation Manage- Yao Shiong Shio ( Yao ) Tobacco In
try -- Cigarette Manufacturing, Manag 3-38-71; Res : 56 Simoun , Quezon nient , Vice - Pres. & Gen. Manager , dustry - Cigarette Distributing ; Prop
er . La Dicha Cigar & Cigarette Fac Ortigas Miguel (Long ), Insurance- Philippine Abaca Development Co .. rietor & Manager, The Cathay Co.,
lory . 429 Asuncion , Manila --2-80-36 ; Fire , Manager , Filipinas Compania de 120 Anda , Intramuros , Manila-3-20-41 ; 136 Nueva , Manila - 3-89-04 ; or Drug
PEE : 116 Infante , San Juan --6-81-24 . Seguros . Filipinas Bldg . , Manila - 2- Res : 1537 Arellano, Singalong , Manila Department, 304 Nueva , Manila -- 3
Lolarga , Enrique A. (Lorry ) . Edu 69-06 ; Res : 1056 Old Sta . Mesa Road , -Gov't Tel. System-- 25-19 . 85-91 ; Res .: 1512 Arlegui, Manila - 3
cation - Radio Schools , Pres ., Nation Sta . Mesa --6-79-21 . Sanders Albert J. ( Sandy ) , Educa- 87-45 .
al Radio Schools and Institute of Padua , Eugenio ( Pad ) , Machinery tion -- Theological, Pres . , Union Theolo- Young. Dr. Leroy ( Leroy ) Medical
Technology , 519 Sales , Manila -- 3-33 & Equipment - Machinery Distributing gical Seminary , Taft Avenue , Manila Service -- Phthisiologist , Office : Clinic
82 ; Res : 1494 , Pepin , Sampaloc , Ma Vice -Pres . Philippine Engineering --5-34-66 ; Res . c / o Union Thelogical ( X - Ray ), 449 Dasmariñas, Manila - 3
nila . Corp. , Raon , Manila- 3-29-71 ; Res : 77 Seminary 89-36 ; Res.: 4 Fernando Rein , Pasay
Lopez, Francisco T. ( Pacoy ) , Build Syquia , Sta . Ana , Manila - 5-30-45 . Saussette , William ( Bill ) , Textiles City -- 5-12-43.
ing Materials - Metal Windows Manu Palanca , Jr. , Carlos ( Charlie ) . Bey Yu Khe Thay ( Thai ) Hardware
Rayon Goods, Acting Manager, Neuss Hardware Distributing , Pres. & Gen.
1
facturing . Pres ., Mayon Metal Win erages Alcoholic-Liquor Distilling . Hessiein Co. , Inc. , 209 Rosario , Ma
dows , Inc., Suite A. 99 Dasmariñas Manager , La Tondeña , Inc., Distillery , nila - 2-97-31 ; Res : 1148 Pennsylvania . Manager , Yutivo Sons Hardware Co ..
Bldg . , Manila-2-84-29 ; Res : 1212 So 618 Echague, Manila-3-26-10 ; Res : Manila -- 5-35-75 . 404 Dasmariñas , Manila--3-89-81 ; Res . :
1622 Taft Avenue Manila - 5-31-58 . 2 Williams, Pasay City -- 5-23-32 .
briedad , Manila --6-61-10 . Schedler , Edmund W. (Shagg ), Busi
Lorenzo , Pablo ( Pablito ) , Abaca Farrette , Paul ( Paul ) , Coconut In- ness Service - Custom Brokerage, Vice Yupangco, Graciano (Gary ) Musical
Instruments & Merchandise Piano
Industry - Abaca Grower , Office austry - Coconut Oil Refining. Vice. Pres . - Manager , Luzon Brokerage Co. , Manufacturing , Vice - Pres . Feline Yu
RES : 1589 Taft Avenue, Manila - 5-31 Pres . & Gen. Manager , Philipnine Derham Bldg . , Port Area , Manila
49 . Manufacturing Co. , San Luis, Manila pangco & Sons, Bonifacio Drive . Port
3-34-31 ; Res : Bel - Air Apts . , 30 Dewey Area , Manila --3-31-11 ; Res .: 5-02-25 8
Lovina, ' Primitivo ( Tibing ) ) , Finance 3-36-77 ; Res : Peralta Apts, Isaac Blvd. , Manila .
Peral , Manila - 5-37-65 . Flame Tree Place Forbes , Makati
--Mortgage Loans , Pres . , Manila Sure Schwesinger , E. A. ( Eddie ) , Dry
ty & Fidelity Co. Monte de Piedad Parsons. Albert E. ( Bert ) . Business Goods & General Merchandise- Em
Bldg . Plaza Sta . Cruz Manila - 3-33-13 ; Service-- Insect Control Service , Man- broidery Manufacturing , Proprietor ,
Res : 54 V. Cruz , San Juan , Rizal ager, Thomas Cohan & Co. , P. O. Box E. A. Schwesinger , 46-48 Panadero , Sta . PROVINCIAL
6-88-66 . 2:35, Manila -- 5-31-90 ; Res : Villa Bar- Ana, Manila --5-41-60 ; Res : Fair View
Arsenio N. Luz ( Arsenic ) Senior Act . bara , 59 Dominga ( Interior ) Pasay Avenue, San Juan -6-85-38 . ROTARY INTERNATIONAL
ive Member Promotion Director, Phil . City -- 5-31-90 . Shurdut, J. M. ( Joe ) Hardware District No. 48
Speedway Associates , Inc., Manila Ho Parsons, Charles ( Chick ) , Transpor- Mill Factory Supply Distributing. 1951-1952
tel , Tel . 3-35-01 Res : 85 Real , Para tation - Stevedoring Service Manager, Pres . & Gen. Manager. Shurdut Mill Vicente L. Faelnar
ñaque Luzon Stevedoring Co. , Derhan Bldg .. Supply Co. , Inc., 446-448 Dasmariñas , Governor
Port Area Manila - 3-37-11 ; Res : 310 Manila- 3-33-15 , Res . 446-448 Dasma 1951-1952
Malotte, Charles (Charles ), Religion Park Avenue, Pasay City . riñas , Manila, 3-33-15 . 350 D. Jukosalem St.
Protestantism , Minister , Union Church Perlman , Oscar Osias (Oscar ) , Cebu City
of Manila , Padre Faura and A. Mabini, Silayan , Hilarion ( Hilaryi Agricul ROTARY CLUB OF BACOLOD
Ermita , Manila -- 5-31-48 ; Res : c / o Clothing Industry- Shoe Retailing, ture , Farming, Office & Res .: 8 Tua
Urion Church of Manila , Padre Fau Pres . & Gen. Manager , Perlmun Shoe zon , Avenue , Malabon , Dial 20 ask No. 4320
r. and A. -Mabini, Ermita , Manila Store , 106 Nueva , Manlla - 2-6'1-38 : operator , local -- 1-61. Officers and Directors
les : 11 1st St. New Manila -- 6-81-06 .
5-31-48 . Perkins , E. A. ( EA ,, Senior Active Sycip , David ( David ) Automobile In- President- Tranquilino H. Valderrama
Manahan , Dr. Constantino P. ( Tito ) Member, Perkins, Ponce Enrile Custry -- autcmobile Retailing Manager. Vice - President-- Juan V. Villaruz
Northern Motors , Inc., San Marcelino Secretary-Aniceto B. Parreno
Medical Service Gynecology, Director. Contreras Law Offices . 7th Floor ,
& Isaac Peral , Manila --5-37-17 Res : Treasurer - Ricardo Jara
University of Sto . Tomas Hospital, Suriano Bldg . Manila -- 2-79-15 ; Res :
España , Manila --3-29-91 ; Res : Laon Tamarind Road , Forbes - Park - 5- Directors -- Mario S. Villanueva
656 Dewey Vlvd . Manila . 02-74 .
Laan , Quezon City - 6-76-06 . Alexander Gordon
Picornell, Santiago ( Santi ). Finance Sycip , Washington ( Wash ) Business Vicente T. Remigio
Manahan , Manuel * P. (Manny ). --Security Brokerage , Managing - Part- Service - Accounting Service , Senior Sergeant - at -arms -- Robert P. Yu
Printing & Publishing . Newspaper ner . Hall, Picorrell, Ortigas Co .. Partner , W. Sycip & Co. , Trade &
Publishing . Gen. Manager ; PSP Pub . ROTARY CLUB OF BAGUIO
Bldg . , Manila-- 2-66-79;: Res: Commerce Bldg. , Juan Luna, Manila
lication ( Bagong - Buhay ), ... 920 Lepan 1297 Ayala
201 Int. F. B. Harrison, Pasay City 2-92-13; Res . : 3 Bauhinia Road , For No. 4587
to , Manila - 3-88-60 ; Res : 920 Lepanto . --5-10-19 bes Park Sub -division , Makati, ' Ri Officers and Directors
Manila-3-88-60 . Preysler, Joaquin B. ' ( Jack ), Bever- zal-5-02-05 . President - Francisco S. Reyes
Marsman J. H. ( Hank ) , Metal fges , Alcoholic - Beer Manufacturing ( Ikong )
Florencio Tamesis ( Tamie ) Govern
Mining & Refining - Gold Mining, Vice - Pres . , San Miguel Brewery, 132 ment - Forestry Service, Director, Bu Vice - President - Ernesto L. M. Abel -
Pres . , Marsman & Co. , Inc. , Sta . Lu lera ' ( Abe )
cia , Intramuros , Aviles, Manila -- 3-86-21; Res : 280 : Fer reau of Forestry, Manila , Tel . Gov't
Manila , P.O. вох
nando Rein Pasay City -- 5-12-54 . Secretary - Vivencia. L. Villaruz ( Ven )
297-3-20-41 ; Res : 169 Williams, Pasay Tel . ask 21-69 ; Res : 604 Quiricada, Treasurer - Teodoro M. Soto ( Totoy )
Puyat, Eugenio J. (Gene ) Furniture, Manila , Tel . gov't tel. ask 43-34
City - 5-11-44 . fixtures & furnishings Household Directors Eduardo de los Santos ( Ed )
Menzi , Hans M. ( Hans ) , Chemical Tanco, Arturo V. ( Art ) Engineering Sixto Larnya ( Sixto )
Ir.dustry - Fertilizer Distributing , Pres . Furniture Manufacturing. Sales &
Mechanical Engineering, Office & Res. : Rafael Uson ( Paeng )
Production Manager, Gonzalo Puzat
& Gen. Manager , Menzi & Co. , J. M. Sors. Inc., 190 Rodriguez Aries , 1167 Singalong, Malate, Manila-5-33-79 Feliciano Belmonte ( Ciano )
Menzi . Bldg . , 183 Soler . Manila --2-79 Teodoro , Pedro ( Pete ) , Publtcity- Joseph S. Peterson ( Joe - P )
29 ; Řes : 187 - B Manga Avenue , Sta . San Miguel Manila -- 3-26-93; Res : 125 Publicity Service , Gen. Manager - Part Sergeant - at -arms-Fernando Bautista
Apo, Sta . Mesa Heights, Quezon Ci ner . Philippine Promotion Bureau ,
Mesa -6-72-64 . ty-6-75-77 . ( Ding )
Miailhe , Edouardo F. ( Teddy ), Bev Puyat, Gil J. Pms. 440-442 Regina Bldg . , 3-39-40 ; ROTARY CLUB OF BATANGAS
Alcoholic -Wine Distributing ,
( Gil ) Senior Active Escolta , Manila -- 3-29-31, Local 44 .
erages No. 7470
Pres. Amibu, Inc. , 501 Burke Bldg . , Member, Vice -Pres ., Gonzalo Puyat & Tioseo. Jose ( Pepe ) , Chemical In
Sons, Inc. , 190 Rodriguez Arias Sar dustry -- Compressed Liquid Gas Man Officers and Directors
David , Manila - 3-21-20; 46 Ortega , San Miguel, Manila -3-26-93 ; Res : 60 D. President - Marciano C. Evangelista
Juan - 6-84-51. Tuazon corner Dapitan , Sta . Mesa ufacturing - 6-61-02 ; Manager, Super
lor Gas & Equipment Co. , 6 Byng . , ( Anong )
Miles , Frank C. ( Frank ) , Electrical Heights , Quezon City -- 6-79-10 . Vice - President - Jose U. Contreras
Industry -
Electric Light and Power Mandaluyong - 6-75-29: Res . : 22 John
Rebullida, Rafael (Ralph ), Jewelry ston , San Juan - 6-88-12 . ( Pepe )
Service, Manager , Philippine Power & Jewelry Distributing Proprietor & Secretary-Teofisto M. Capulong (Pe
Development , Co. , 123 Romero Sales , Manager, R. Rebuliida , Inc., 51 ES Ugarte, Sebastian (Sebastian ) Publi ping )
Manila , P.O. Box 2042--5-32-84 ; Res : colta , Manila -2-86-15 ; Res : 887 Sta . city--Advertising Service , Asst . Vice Treasurer - David L. Navarro ( Andoy )
Mesa ( Old ) -6-61-03 . Pres .. Soriano y Cía . , 5th Floor , So
132 Pinaglabanan , San Juna , 6-91-34 . riano Bldg . , Manila -3-82-71 ; Res . :
Directors — Pascual Perez ( Ual )
Miller , Pr . Charles S. ( Charlie ) , Reyes , Teofilo D. ( Rex ) , Electrical Ramon Lira ( Monnoy )
24th 10th St. , Quezon City - 6-92-93 . Melquiades Ilao ( Tades )
Automobile Industry -- Tire Distribut Industry - Storage Battery Manufactur Vargas, Jorge B. ( George ) Sugar In
ing . Manager, Firestone Tire & Rub ing . Prop . -Manager Reyes Auto Sup dustry - Sugar Growing, Vice - Pres . , Angeles Laxamana ( Laxa )
ber Co. ( P.I. ) , 701-705 Echague, Ma ply . 087 Flugelista , Manila --- 3-28-43 ; Kawilihan Corp. , P.O. Box 1001 , Ma
Sergeant -at - arms - Rafael Y. Orosa
nila - 3-37-59-3-37-58 ; Res : 2033 Luna . Res . 53 Cordillera , Quezon City . nila - 6-70-96 : Res .: Kawilihan, Manda ( Paito )
Pasay City -- 5-19-41. Dr.
Reves , A. P. ( AP ) , Medical luvong , Rizal -- 6-88-80 . ROTARY CLUB OF CABANATUAN
Monical, Robert J. ( Bob ) , Mineral Service- Optometry , Pres . A.P. Reyes No. 7008
Varland , Edwin ( Ed ) Firearms & Ex
Oil Industry--Refined Oil Products Optical Co. , 52 Escolta , Manila --3-22 plosive -Match Manufacturing . Vice officers and Directors
Distributing , Manager, Caltex , ( Phil . ) 46 . Pres . & Gen. Manager , Philippine President-- Joaquin Moniero ( Jack )
Inc., 4th Floor , Insular Life Bldg ., Reyes , Dr. Francisco P. ( Quitong ) , Match Co. , Punta , Sta . Ana . Mani- Vice - President - Gregorio Samsoni
Manila -- 2-98-41 ; Res : 11 Loring, Pa Medical Service - Optometry ( Add- la -6-75-61 ; Res .: c / o Philippine Match (Goring )
say City- 5-19-60 . tional ) , Gen. Manager, Reyes Bros. Co. Secretary - Alfredo Andal ( Fred )
Montilla , Enrique 5 C. ( Eking ) . Optical Co. , 702 Rizal Avenue , Mani Velarde , Dr. Herminio ( Hermi ) Me Treasurer --- Pablo Padilla ( Pabling ;
Sugar Industry - Sugar Central Man la - 3-23-89; Res : 120 P. Guevarra Ave dical Service - Eye , Ear, Nose , Throat Directors--Mariano Tinio ( Ito )
agement, Pres . , E. J. C. Montilla & nue , San Juan - 6-82-96 . Eduardo Agustin ( Dado )
Specialist; Philippine General Hospital ,
Co., Rm . 219-221 Singson Bldg . , Ma Richards , Peter ( Peter ) , Printing & Taft Avenue , Manila --- 5-34-45 ; or Room Buenaventura Eugenio ( Tura )
nila ---3-84-68-3-84-26 ; Res . 86 F E Publishing - News Bureau Manager, 212 Alcazar Bldg . , Carriedo , Manila Elias Caray (Elias )
Harrison , Parañaque-5-19-87 . Reuters , Ltd., 609 Insular Life Bldg . , 2-90-62 ; Res .: 495 Tennessee, Malate , Sergeant-at -arms - Felipe Sinaguinan
Monzon , Dr. L. B. ( Elbi ) , Education Manila --2-94-30 ; Res : 324 Herran , Ma- Manila ---5-31-34 . ( Ipe )
nila - 5-31-74 . Villacorta , Exequiel ( Villa ) ROTARY CLUB OF CAGAYAN
Law , Pres ., Manuel L. Quezon School Associa
of Law , R. Hidalgo , Manila --3-38-81; Rifkin , Lous ( Lou ) . Pearl Button-- tions--Boy Scouts , Chief Scout Exec No 6920
Res : 444 Paz , Paco Manila -5-35-53 . Pearl Button Manufacturing , Pres . utive , Boy Scouts of the Philippines , Officers and Directors
Мога , Ernest J. ( Ernie ) , Electrical Shell Craft & Button Corp. , Beata , Mehan Garden , Manila - 3-24-35 ; Res .: President- Licerio O. Floirendo ( Liz )
 134 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Vice - President - Ernesto M. Tampa Lorenzo Valenciano (Lory ) ROTARY CLUB OF VIGAN
rong ( Don ) Francisco A. Gerardo ( Frank ) No.7571
Secretary - Jose L. Palacio ( Pepe ) Sergeant-at -arms- Castor Raval Officers and Directors
ACCOUNTANTS
Treasurer - Nemesito Chavez ( Sito ) (Castoring) President - Marino Rivas ( Rivi
Directors - Isidro Vamenta ( Droy ) PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF
Hernando Pineda ( Nan ) ROTARY CLUB OF LEGASPI Vice - President - Felix Vergara ( Lix )
No. 7563 Secretary - Honorio Donato ( Ama ) ACCOUNTANTS
Cesar Malferrari ( Ces )
Officers and Directors Treasurer - Jose Laraya (Joe )
Roque C. Chavez (Roc ) President-Joaquin L. Los Baños Directors -- Eloy Bello ( Billy i
Alphabetical list of Members :
Juan G. Regalado ( Anso ) Abaño , Ponciano A. with Plywood
( Jack ) Mariano Favis Nonoy ) Industries , Inc. , Lunao Gingoog . Mi
Sergeant- at -arms- Ah Fat Yu ( Fat ) Vice - President - Fortunato Domingo Vicente Lazo ( Viting ) samis Oriental
ROTARY CLUB OF CEBU ( Dom ) Narceo Sambrano (S)
No. 3559 2nd Vice - President---Francisco Munoz Sergeant-at -arms -Edilberto Donato Abaño , Virgilio B. - Chief Account
Officers and Directors (Kikoy ) ( Edi) ant. United States Tobacco Corp., 24th
President-Joaquin L. Panis ( Jack ) Secretary - Vicente O. Navarro ( VIC ) ROTARY CLUB OF ZAMBOANGA & Boston Streets , Port Area, Manila
Vice - President-- Jose C. Moran ( Joe ) Treasurer --Esteban Hipolito (Steve i No. 6860 Abastillas, Pedro U. - partner , P. U.
Secretary - Ramon Duterte ( Ram ) Directors - Bayani Fontanilla ( Bayani ) Officers and Directors Abastillas Co .. 401 Chaco Bldg . ,
'Treasurer - C . J. Huang ( C.J. ) Kenneth Macdor:ald Mac ) Manila
Directors - L . D. Harrisson ( Harry ) Abraham Najar ( Abe ) President- Rafael C. Climaco ( Paely )
Antonio T. Suaco ( Tony ) Alfredo Rebueno ( Fred ) Vice - President - Tomas F. Ferrer Abellana , Teotimo A.-with Philip
Jesus Alba ( Sus ) Honesto Rodriguez ( Ting ) ( Tom ) pine Match Co. , Ltd. , Cebu City
Jose Coralles ( Peping ) Sergeant-at-arms-- Eduardo Jana Secretary - Teodoro C. Araneta Abenojar, Panfilo M .--with Morrison
Sergeant -at - arms- L . de C. Blechyn ( Duarding ) ( Doring ) Knudsen International Co. , Inc. , P. O.
den ( Blech ) ROTARY CLUB OF LUCIONA Box 284 , Manila
Treasurer - Bienvenido Garcia ( Ben )
ROTARY CLUB OF COTABATO No. 7434 Directors--Leonardo Natividad Abero , Sergio A .-- with Wee Kuin
No. 7828 Officers and Directors ( Nanding ) Coprax Industry Co. , P. O. Box 218 .
Officers and Directors President - Arsenio M. Villavicencio Pedro Rodriguez ( Dec ) Zamboanga City
President- Juan A. Sarenas ( Johnny ) ( Inio ) Jose T. Atilano ( Pepe ) Ablaza , Angel C. partner, Tubig
Vice -President - Ramon C. Pimentel Vice - President - Pablo J. Nanagas Sergeant -at -arms -- Faustino Triplitt Ablaza , 508 Garcia Bldg ., Rizal Ave. ,
( Ram ) ( Pabling ) Manila
Secretary -- Simeon F. Millan ( Sim ) Secretary -Director -- Romeo S. Mata
Treasurer - Gorgonio Riego de Dios Abuel, Romeo 0.- partner , Abuel .
( Rieg )
( Romy )
Treasurer- Director-- Honorio L PROFESSIONALS Balmaceda & Lontok , 203 Villongco
Directors -- Aguedo Gepte (Guidoy ) Abadilla ( Ono ) Bldg . , Quezon Blvd. , Manila
Gaudencio L. Vega ( Dencio ) Directors - Pedro Insua ( Perico ) United Technological Organi Ac-ac , Doroteo G .--with Standard
Dionisio Gutierrez ( Done ) Francisco Vicuna ( Kikoy ) Vacuum Oil Co., 500 Tanduay , Manila
Sergeant -at -arms-- Faustino Omila Sy Tiong ( Tamai
zations of the Philippines Acol , Manuel C.-with Sycip , Velayo ,
( Mil ) Sergeant -at - arms - Alejandro Unsol BOARD OF GOVERNORS Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce Bldg . ,
ROTARY CLUB OF DAET ( Jandring ) F. V. Espino , President- c'o Nation Juan Luna , Manila
No. 7654 ROTARY CLUB OF MANILA Adriano , Jose C .-- with the University
No. 478
al Power Corporation , Escolta -- 3-22-31.
Officers and Directors M. M. Aycardo, Jr. , Vice -President of the East , Manila ..
President-Victoriano Yamzon ( Vic ) Officers and Directors Afan , Cornelio V. -with China Bank
President --V . G. Bunuan ( Vince 426, Vito Cruz , Manila - 5-44-86-2-98
Vice - President - Alfonso Gue ( Ponso ) 56 . ing Corporation . Dasmariñas , Manila .
Secretary-William Mulligan ( Willie ) Vice - President-- Paul Parrette ( Pull ) Agbayani, Teodoro A.- partner , T.
‫ܬܕܕܕ‬

Treasurer - Tomas Generoso ( Tommy) Secretary -- Dr . Alfonso Ayesa ( DO ) J. H. Schlobohm , Secretary - Gen
Treasurer Eduardo z. Romualdez eral Electric Co. , Port Area , Manila A. Agbayani & Co , PMI Bldg . , David
Directors --Luis Miguel (Matanda ) St. , Manila .
Lauro de Vera ( Larry ) ( Duarding ) 3-20-31 .
Asst . Sec . - Treas.- Rafael S. Di: d . 1 Agbayani , Teodoro A. partner , T.
Leopoldo Nievera ( Leo ) B. F. Legarda . Treasurer-- 1011 R. Hi A. Agbayani & Co. , PMI Bldg .. Da
Sergeantat-arms-Francisco Boayes ( Raf )
dalgo, Quiapo , Manila - 6-77-43-3-36-38
‫ܫܣ‬

Directors - Rafael Anton ( Tony ) vid St. , Manila

( Turko ) V. Orosa - Under -Sec ., Dept. of Pub . Aganon . Vicente P. - with Philippine
ROTARY CLUB OF DAGUPAN Guillermo Dy Buncio ( Willie , Works & Com .-- 3-25-70 .
No. 4910 Hans Menzi (Hans ) Remnants Co. , Inc .. 435 Juan Lund ,
C. Alma -Jose- Nitional University , Manila
Officers and Directors Benito F. Legarda ( Ben )
President - Francisco Duque ( Paco ) Sergeant - at -arms ---Millard D. Arnold Sampaloc, Manila - 6-64-31, Agoncillo, Oswaldo F.-with Edward
Vice - President - Federico Piedad ( Mike ) V. F. Lim - Capitan Pepe Bldg . , Ri J. Nell Co. , PO Box 612 , Manila
( Fred ) ROTARY CLUB OF NAGS zal Avenue -Azcarraga --2-75-08. Agoncillo , Raul Rm . 1-3 Gaslam
Secretary - Dominador Olegaria NO . 6971 G. F. Rivera - 400 Gov. Forbes , Sam Bldg ., Manalili St. , Cebu City
( Domi) Officers and Directors paloc , Manila - 3-29-84. Agtarap, Ramon C. J.-R. C. J. Ag
Treasurer - Leopoldo Soller ( Leo ) -- President - Victor Bichara ( Vic ) F. Ocampo -- Calvo Building, Escolta tarap , 211 Padilla Bldg .. 446 Dasma
on leave Vice -President - Ricarcio de Castr . 5-43-82--2-88-55 . riñas. Manila ,
Acting Treasurer - Luis Garcia ( Louie ) ( Dick ) M. I. Felizardo Superior Gas Agudo , Silvino B.-S. B. Agudo , 211
Directors - Angel Fernandez ( Angel) Secretary -- Protacio Tolentino ( l'aoi ) Equip . Co. Byng . , Mandaluyong--6-61 Calvo Bldg . , 60 Escolta , Manila .
Amado Ayson ( Amado ) Treasurer - Julio Lopez Dee ( Lio ) 026-78-79 Aguilar, Pedro U. with the Gen
Vivencio Villaflor ( VI) ) Directors - William E. Dy -Liucco F. C. Rodriguez - National Power eral Auditing Office, Manila
Arsenio Tiongson ( Seniong ) ( Bill ) Corporation , Escolta – 3-29-77. Aguinaldo, Honorata - Lourdez La
Sergeant -at - arms - Rodulfo Tinte Fidel S. Rada ( Del )
Jose H. Mendoza ( Peping )
DELEGATES dies Hall , 2103 Azcarraga St. , Manila
( Rudy ) Philippine Association of Mechanical Agulto , Manuel G. - with D. B. San
ROTARY CLUB OF DAVAO Sergeant -at - arms-Exequiel Perez chez & Co. , 218 Monte de Piedad
( Quiel ) and Electrical Engineers
No. 4860 M. Buenafe -- Manila Electric Co. , Bldg . , Plaza Sta . Cruz , Manila .
Officers and Directors ROTARY CLUB OF OROQUIETA Manila . Akot . Levi E.-Levi E. Akot, 415 Re
President - Cesareo de Asis ( Sareo ) No. 7617
Vice - President - Alfredo Rivera Officers and Directors V. E. Lim- ( See above ) gina Bldg . , Escolta , Manila .
President - Francisco A. Germ.in ( Fag ! A. Lota ---Manila Electric Co. , Ma Alas , Antonio de las , Jr ., --partner .
( Edong ) rila , De las Alas, Nolasco & Enriquez, 201
Secretary_Lucio C. Tapia ( Tap ) Vice -President Rafael Sarmiento
Treasurer - Nichalchand SL Mahtani ( Sarmi) C. Navarro - Univ . of Sto . Tomas . A Regina Bldg . , Manila .
( Niaal ) Secretary - Canuto Enerio (Canutej Col. of Engineering - 3-29-91. Albano , Florencio with Saltex
Directors_Antonio Hernandez ( Tony ) Treasurer - Crisostoino Castro J. H. Schlobohm - General Electric ( Phil . ) Inc. , Plaza Moraga , Manila
Pedro C. Quitain ( Pete ) ( Nonong ) Co. , Port Area- (See above ) Alberto , Vicente M Vicente M.
Max Stuessi (Max ) Directors - Jose Libunao ( Joe ) L. Niguidula - Botica Sta . Cruz, Ma Alberto , Mindanao Times Bldg . , Cla
Ambrosio Babista ( Bab ) Solomon Guirnela ( Moning ) nila . veria , Davao City .
Enrique Reyes ( Iking ) Nazario Froilar Nazi ) Alfonso , Victor - with State Construc
Alfredo Nuguid ( Peding ) E. J. Tavanlar - National University ,
Sergeant -at-arms - Bienvenido Scoto
Sampaloc, Manila - 6-85-81-6-64-31. tion & Supply Co. , 202 Central Hotel ,
( Bien ) Sergeant- at -arms -Lorenzo Paler Azcarraga , Manila .
ROTARY CLUB OF DIPOLOG (Loring ) Philippine Institute of Architects Alger, Francisco A. -Francisco A.
ROTARY CLUB OF SAN FERNANDO 0. Arellano Alcazar Building-3-28
No. 7650 46 . Alger, Tiempo Times Bldg . , Iloilo Ci
Officers and Directors No. 7382 ty .
President - Mariano Benedicto (Ma Officers and Directors A. Benavidez - 888 Santol - 6-63-93. Alindogan , Francisco G .--Francisco
riening ) President - Jose Ricafort Jr. ( Junior ) C. Espejo 3347 Taft Avenue Ext . , G. Alindogan , 92 Jaboneros St. , Ma
Vice -President --Malcolm Sarmiento Vice - President - Francisco M. Ramos Rizal City ---5-16-32. nila .
( Malx ) ( Frankie ) J. J. Marquez - 19 N. Domingo , Que Alindogan , Nestor P. B.-with White
Secretary -- Asterio A. Gadiane ( Aster ) Secretary - Manuel S. Bundalian zon City - 6-86-76-6-88-70. Page & Co. , P.O. Box 2288, Manila .
Treasurer- Eufracio Lopez ( Fracing ! ( Pop ) A. Nakpil-231 Ortega . S. J. Rizal Alinea , Amadeo G - with N. C. To
Directors - Alipio Alda ( Al ) Treasurer - Jose Simpao ( Peps ) 6-88-89. rio & Associates, 105 Brias Roxas
Tarciano Mendoza ( Tarcing ) Directors --- Jose C. Joven ( Pepito ) Bldg . , Escolta , Manila .
Jose B. Lingad ( Pepe ) G. F. Rivera- ( See above )
Germiniano Zapanta (Germie ) E. Ruiz - 675 Legarda , Sampaloc ,
Cesar Pal ( Sang Jose O. Pelayo ( Pel ) Aliño , Reinaldo V. - 530 Zurbaran St. ,
Andres A. Guanzon ( Andy ) Manila - 3-86-30 . Manila .
Sy Beng Sian ( Sian ) Philippine Institute of Chemical En .
Sergeant - at -arms Francisco Aseniero Sergeant- at - arms-- Carlos Sandico , Sr. Alipao, Manuel-Sycip , Velayo , Jose
( Iko ) ( Sandy ) gineers & Co. , Trade & Commerce Bldg . , Ma
ROTARY V. S. Araos- c / o Pacific Oxygen & nila .
ROTARY CLUB OF DUMAGUETE CLUB OF SAN PABLO
Allic , Bartolome J. - with Talisay
No. 4953 No. 7546 Accetylene Co., Rizal Ave. Ext..20
Officers and Directors officers and Directors ( L120 ) Silay Milling Co. , Inc. , Talisay Neg .
Occ .
President - Ramon Ponce de Leon President - Antonio Azores ( Toni ) F. V. Espino— ( See above )
( Pons ) Vice -President - Pastor Marino ( PAS R. T. Feliciano - West Point . New Almeda , Elsa Ebra - 538 Vision St. ,
Vice -President - Felicisimo Fores ky ) York , Quezon City . Sampaloc , Manila .
Alunan , Pacifico Z. Pacifico z
( Simoy ) Secretary --Archimedes Brion ( Archie ) B. F. Oplana--Institute of Science Alunan , Iligan City, Lanao
Secretary - Teodorico A. Flores ( Te Treasurer - Calixto Deveza ( Calix ) and Tech .,
Manila - 5-32-36 .
teng ) Directors - Juan Hernandez ( Juanin ) Alves , Jose F .-- with C. Miller & Co. ,
Treasurer - Lorenzo Yang ( Pongay ) E. Taylor - c / o Cebu Portland Ce 2731 Rizal Ave. Ext . , Manila .
Joseph Benedict ( Joe ) ment , Pilots Bldg . - 6-73-04-2-69-76 . Amistoso , L. R. - with White Page &
Directors - Tomas de Castro ( Tommy ) Artemio Fule ( Tim )
H. Roy Bell Sergeant -at - arms- Senen Faylors A. Villa - Abrille -- San Miguel Brewerv Co. , P.O. Box 2288 , Manila
Lamberto Macias ( Macey ) Glass Factory , M. de la Industria Ambrosio , Rufino D. - 375 T. Claudio
( Seny ) 2-79-76 . St. , Davao City.
Genovivo Absin ( Ebong ) ROTARY CLUB OF TACLOBAN
Placido Ausejo ( Idoc ) Philippine Society of Civil Engineers Anao, Bruna D. (Miss ) with O'phir
No. 6599 Adeva -- Burke Building - 3-37
Sergeant -at- arms— Vicente Limquiaco President -- Francisco E. Quintero J. A. Drug & Cosmetic Mfg ., Co. Inc., P.O.
( Vic ) 61 -- (L29 ) Box 940 , Manila
( Paquito )
ROTARY CLUB OF ILOILO Vice - President - Alejandro Montero C. Alma- Jose- ( See above ) Andaya , Ludivina V. -with Central
No. 3176 ( Andong ) S. Fernandez . - Actg . Director, Bureau Bank of the Philippines, Manila
Officers and Directors Secretary - Felicisimo Benedicto of Public Works . Andrade , Zoilo F.- 205 Onxy St. , San
President -Vicente Y. Ybiernas ( Simo ) Andres Subd . , Sta . Ana , Manila .
Treasurer- Ernesto Quisumbing A. O. Hizon-Director , Bu . of Coast Angeles, Gaspar L. - with the Pro
( Cente )
Vice - President - Jose Lopez Vito , Jr. ( Nesto ) & Geo . Survey, Barraca -- 2-66-06 . vincial Revenue Agents ' Office , Oza
Directors -Antonio Montilla ( Tony ) F. Moreno Congressman , Legislative
( Joe ) miz City
Secretary - Gabino Tabuñar ( Gab ) Reginaldo Pascual ( Ding ) Bldg .
Angeles , Mariano S. with Sycip .
Treasurer- George William True Federico Ablan ( Freddie ) A Nitorreda -- Bureau or Public
Potenciano Gaerlan ( Poten ) Velayo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Com
( George ) Works ( in US now )
Directors-Jose V. Aguilar Sergeant - at - arms- Isabelo Manalo merce Bldg ., Juan Luna , Manila
( JV ) V. Orosa -- Under - Sec ., Dept. of Pub . Antonio , Calixto B.-C. B. Antonio ,
Dionisio Alburo ( Dodong ) ( Beloy ) Works & Com . - 3-25-70 . 315 Garcia Bldg . , Rizal Ave., Manila
Eliezer A. Manikan ( Elly ) ROTARY CLUB OF TARLAC Philippine Society of Mining and Me Antonio , Jose A - with Price Stab
Ng Sam Bok ( Sam ) No. 6428 tallurgical Engineers ilization Corporation , Port Area , Ma
Sergeant - at -arms-- Salustiano M. Officers and Directors nila
Mirasol L. F. Abad - Bureau of Mines . Her
President --Gilberto P. Romulo ( Hert ) ran , Manila - 5-31-36 . Apolinar. Andres U .--with Manila
ROTARY CLUB OF LAOAG Vice - President-- Mateo Caparas (Mat )
No. 701
R. Abarquez - Bureau of Mines. Her Electric Company, Manila
Secretary -Alfredo D. Cuchapin ran . Manila - 5-31-36 . Apacible , Mariano B.-Mariano Apa
Officers and Directors ( Edongi A. Alcaraz-- Weather Bureau , Mars cible , No. 20 Sta . Mesa , Manila
President - Felix R. Domingo ( Lix ) Treasurer - Luis G. Dikitanan Dikil
Vice - President- Rizal G. de Peralta Directors--- Patricio Y. Pineda man Bldg ., Manila - 3-36-91. Aquino. Antonio F. Comptroller,
( Zaling ) ( Patrick ) M. M. Avcarco Jr .- ( See thorp ) University of the East , Manila,
N. Gamatero - Bureau of Mines, Her Araneta , Ramon J. -With Gregorio
Secretary-Gregorio Dimaano (Gor Florencio P. Buar ( Flor )
ing ) Augusto M. Ilaga ! ( Ting ) ran , Manila . Araneta , Inc., 343 Echague , Manila
Treasurer --Arturo Aricheta , Saturnino R. with the
B. Raymundo Victor Pascual Vic ) N. N. Lim - Philippine Chamber or Administration , Ma
( Turing ) Nicolas Feliciano ( Nicki Mines - 3-22-31 LOC . - 50-3-22-31 .
Import Control
Directors - Fruncisco U. Ponce ( Kikos ) nila
Sergeant -at - arms- Zoilo Lincio J. Quera - Bureau of Minºs , H rran ,
ilpino Dual ( pionong ) ( Cielito ) Manila .
Arriola , Venicio B .-- Venicio B. Ar
riola , 50 P. del Rosario St. , Cehu City.
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 135
Arteche , Jose D. - Tacloban , Leyte Estepa & Brilliantes , 34 Asumption merce Bldg . , Manila . Dominguez , 319 Natividad Bldg. , Ma
Ascaño, Cecilio N. - Cecilio N. As- Road, Baguio City. Conte, Avelina B. - Avelina B. Con nila .
caño, 25 Arellano St. , Tuguegarao , Ca- Buenaventura , Conrado S. -Conrado te . 313 Trabajo, Sampaloc , Manila Dones , Valentin V. - with Auditing
gayan. S. Buenaventura , 855 Int . 96 Dagupan , Cordero, Eugenio S.- Cordero, R -5 Department, San Miguel Brewery , Ma
Aseneta , Asterio G. - 45 K-5 St., Ka- Tondo . Magdalena Bldg . , Iloilo City nila
muning, P.O. Box 1024 , Manila . Buensuceso . Crisanto C. Crisanto Cordova , Romulo H. Chief Ac Dugenia , Guillermo A.-Bicol Junior
Asensi, Tang Yu -- with Abbott Lab- C. Buensuceso , 107 Loring Bldg . , Le- countant , Sugar Producers ' Marketing Colleges , Legaspi City .
oratories , P. O, Box 1024 , Manila . deyma - Ixnart, Iloilo City Agency , Bacolod City . Dulay, Juan R. Chinese General
Aseoche, Francisco I. with Ma- Buensuceso , Jose L. - Chief Account- Coreces , Juan G .-- with China Bank Hospital , 286 Blumentritt, Sta . Cruz.
nongdo & Chua-Manongdo , 314 Legas- ant, United States Line Co. , Port Area , ing Corporation , Manila .. Manila .
pi St. Davao City . Manila . Coronel , Anastacio A.-with Fleming Dumilon , Herminigildo with the
Asico , Peregrin J. - with Southern Buensuceso, Jose P. - 341 Claveria & Williamson , Soriano Bldg .. Manila . Income Tax Division . Bureau of In
Motors , Inc. , Iloilo City . St , Davao City Coronel . Jose F.-with L V N Pic ternal Revenue , Manila .
Asido , Julian S. with Philippine Bulala , Miguel-- 1640 Dapitan , Ma- tures , Inc. , Emma Bldg. , Manila . Dumpit , Inocencio C.-P.O. Box 900 .
Air Lines , Inc. , Manila . nila Corpus , Francisco C.-with Chinese Manila
Asuncion, Joaquin S .--with Samon Bulaon , Lauro L. - 1349 Don Quijote. Chamber of Commerce of Eastern Dumpit, Maximo R.-M. R. Dum
Factors Inc., 207 Cu Unjieng Bldg . , Manila Pangasinan , Tayug , Pangasinan . pit & Associates, 543 San Vicente , Ma
Manila , Butalick Leonardo
M.-Accountant , Costanilla , Conrado E -Conrado E. nila
Atilano, Emmanuel S. - partner, E. Menzi & Co. , Cebu Branch , P.O. Box Costanilla , Aboitiz Bldg . , Magallanes Duran , Jaime J. Assistant AC
S. Atilan & Associates. 404 Dña . Mer- 89 , Cebu City . Jakosalem Sts . , Cebu City. countant, Connell Bros. Co. ( Phil . ) , 99
cedes Bldg ., Quiapo , Manila . Cabarrus , Jacob E. - Senior Auditor , Cortez , Antonio L. - 1822 M. Hizon , Dasmariñas , Manila.
Atilano , Eudaldo S .--partner, E. S. Auditing Department, Elizalde & Co. , Manila . Duremdes , Leonardo - with the Ac
Atilano & Associates , 404 Dña . Merce- Inc. , Manila Crisostomo , Jose 0. - with Rehabili counting Div . Price Stabilization Corp.
des. Manila . Cabarrus , Jesus S.-Executive Vice tation Financial Corp. , PNB Bldg . , Manila .
Avellanosa , Antonio with the In- President , Elizalde & Co. , Inc. , Ma. Manila . E
come Tax Div . Bureau of Internal nila Crispin , Jovita A. - Cost Accountant , Eceta , Isaac S.-P. O, Box 2177 , Ma
Cabatingan , Angel Y. - University of National Development Co. , Sta . Mesa , nila
Revenue, Manila
Azcarraga , Rosauro C.-Rosauro C. Southern Philippines, Cebų. City . Manila . Elegado , I. 0 ,-with Baguio Gold
Azcarraga , Plaza Rizal , Zamboanga Cabatingan , Lilia T. - Lilia T. Caba. Cruz, Balagtas E - Chief Account Mining Co. , 300 Cortes-Ochoa Bldg ..
City tingan, 56 P. del Rosario St., Cebu ant , Philippine Racing Club , Santa Manila .
Azores, Reynaldo S. - 1725 Milagros City Ana Park , Makati , Rizal . Encarnacion , Alfonso B.-A. B. En
St., Sta . Cruz , Manila . Cabinian . Hermenigildo V.-Internal Cruz , Carmencita L. de la- 546 To carnacion & Associates, 217 Consoli
B Auditor , William Lines Inc., Cebu Ci- lentino , Pasay City . dated Investments Bldg., Manila .
Babst , Chester G.with Rehabilita- ty . Cruz , Felipe A. de la-314 Regina Enriquez , Cesar B. - partner , De las
tion Financial Corp. , PNB Bldg .. Ma- Cabral , Lamberto - With Ayala Y Bldg . , Escolta , Manila . Alas, Nolasco & Enriquez , 201 -A Re
nila . Cia c / o Ayala Bldg . , Manila . Cruz , Graciano T. Accountant, gina Bldg . , Escolta . Manila
Bactad , Pricila M .-- 323 San Mar- Caguiat, Enrique - partner, Enrique United Distributing Corp.. 672 Juan Enriquez, Enrico E. -with Muller &
celino , Ermita , Manila . Caguiat & Co., Trade & Commerce Luna, Manila . Phipps ( Manila ) Ltd., P.O. Box 950 ,
Manila
Baga , Antonio V .-- A . V. Baga , 159 Bldg . , Manila . Cruz , Jose E. - partner , C. Miller &
Sanchez Barcaistique , San Miguel, Ma- Caguiat, Gorgonio - Mayfair Theatre , Co. , P.O. Box 151 , Bacolod City . Enriquez, Manuel B. - with Sycip ,
nila , P.O. Box 83 , Manila Cruz, Juan N Lingayen , Pangasi Velayo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Com
Bagasao , Antonio T.-A. T. Bagasao , Caguiat, Jesus M .-- Sub - Accountant, nan . merce Bldg . , Manila .
Midsayap , Cotabato, Cotabato . Insular Life Assurance Co. , Ltd., Pla- Cruz, Lazaro L. de la – 1939 Alme . Escaño , Jesus — with Visayan Elec
Balaga . Leonardo P.-East Visayan za Moraga , Manila . da St. , Tondo , Manila .
tric Company, S.A. , Cebu City .
Motors, Inc. , 40-48 R , Palma St., Cebu Caguiat, Jose R.-with Enrique Ca- Cruz , Leandro F. - Leandro F. Cruz, Espinosa , Cenen D .-- 239 Ayala St ..
City . Manila
guiat & Co , Trade & Commerce Bldg. 355 Gomez St. , Paco , Manila
Baldoz , Vigeldio R. with Insular Manila Cruz , Luxmi S.222 Maria Clara St. Espiritu , Augusto F. - Technical As
Calantuan , Augustus P. with the Boy Sampaloc , Manila . sistant , Office of the Governor , Cen
Life Assurance Co., Ltd., Insular Life tral Bank of the Phil ., Manila .
Bldg . , Manila . Scouts of the Phil . , National Council , Cruz, Mamerto C. 808 Remedios
Balangue , Amado M .-- with Fleming Manila . Estacion , Teodoro — 1262 Dos Castil
St. , Malate , Manila . las , Manila .
& Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Manila Calejesan, Osorio L. Provincial Cruz . Mario A. with Burroughs ,
Estanislao , Basilio - 52 Guipit , Sam
Balatbat , Jose S.-Laon-Laan . Cor Assessor , Surigao , Surigao . Ltd. , Dagupan City .
dillera , Quezon City . Caliolio , Jose M. - Jose M. Caliolio , Cruz , Mariano B. de la with C.
paloc, Manila
Balderama , Paz C. - 468 Burgos , Pa- Luy Kim Guan Bldg. , Zamboanga Ci- Miller & Co..
Estanislao, Sulpicio M.- with E, Ca
318 Samanillo Bldg ., guiat & Co. , 513 Trade & Commerce
say City ty Manila .
Balmaceda , Leonardo M .--- partner . Callar, Domingo del with Fleming Cruz , Nazario L .--Nazario L. Cruz , Bldg . , Manila .
Abuel, Balmaceda & Lontoc , 203 Vil Esteban , Ricardo M.-1112 Anacleto ,
& Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Manila. 202 Sto . Cristo , Manila . Sta . Cruz , Manila .
lonco Bldg ., Quiapo, Manila . Camposagrado, Ricardo P. with Cruz , Santiago F. de la - Dean , Col
Banaria, Fernando S. with Manila Manila Auto Suply Co. , Inc. , 1054-56 Estepa , Honorio R. - with Baguio Bus
lege of Commerce, University of the Company, Baguio City.
Electric Co. , Manila . Rizal Ave. , Manila . East, Manila .
Banaria , Pascasio S. - with Far East Cantada , Ambrosio P. 1048 Sulo
Estonina , Paulino with Depart
ern University , Manila . Manila .
Cuevas, Vicente M. Jr. , partner, ment of Finance , Manila .
St. ,
Bangasal , Arcadio Y. - with Juan A. Cantos, Gloria C. Chief Account Cuevas Accounting Office , 588 Isabel , Eustaquio , Tomas A ---with O. Vil
Sampaloc , Manila la & Co. , 404 M.R.S. Bldg . , Plaza
de Vera & Associates, 625 Ongpin , Ma ant , Clicquot Club Bottling Co. , Bac Cunanan , Joaquin partner , Price
nila . laran , Rizal. Cervantes, Manila .
Banquerigo, Mansueto C.-with Ca Waterhouse & Co., P.O. Box 2288 Ma Evangelista , Benedicto E. - with E.
tholic Welfare Organization, 260 San
Caparros , Francisco L. Account-
ant . Johnson Development Co. , Myers
nila
R. Squibb & Sons International Corp ..
Rafael , Manila , Bldg . , Port Area , Manila .
Cusi , Manuel-partner , Cusi & Ma Solano - Potenciana Sts ., Manila .
Banting , Domingo R. 202 Luzco ravilla , Araneta St., Bacolod City . Evangelista , Ceferino S. -with Price
Capule, Maximo C. Capule, 404 San D Waterhouse & Co. , P.O. Box 2288 ,
Bldg . , 180 David , Manila . Vicente St. , Manila .
Barlahan , Andres V .--with Philip Filomeno
Dabu , Jose V. with Metropolitan Manila .
Carbonel, Filomeno V. Water District , Manila .
pine Tobacco Flue-Curing & Redrying v . Carbonel, Mangalden , Pangasinan . Evangelista , Prisco N.-P. N. Evan
Corp. , San Juan , La Union . Cariaso . Roman S.--with Henry Hun Dacanay , Julian B. -Ollada , Daca gelista & Co. , 315 Calvo Bldg.. Escol
Batan , Clemente S .--with the In nay & Associate , China Banking ta , Manila .
come Tax Div. , Bureau of Internal
ter Bayne & Co. , Ayala Bldg . , Mani Corp. , Dasmariñas, Manila . Evidente , Salvador E. with the
la . Dacanay, Leoncio G. Jr . , -L, G. Da Provincial Treasurer , Iloilo City .
Revenue , Manila
Baumann .
, Eitel-With Carnecer , Alfonso G. with China canay, Jr. , P.O. Box 1525 , Manila .
Catholic Wel F
fare Organization , 260 San Rafael, Banking Corporation , Dasmariñas , Dacio, Ignacio — with the City Audit Fabia , Modesto J. - with La Estrella
Manila Manila . or's Office , Manila . del Norte , Escolta , Manila .
Bautista , Ariston 1100 España Carpio , Tomas M. -Examiner. Phil . Daet, Raphael S. - Accountant, Jose Fajardo. Patricio P. 0. Box 230 ,
Blvd .. ( Interior 7 ) Sampaloc, Manila . ippine Trust Co., Consolidated Invest- G. Lopez, 2008 Rizal Ave. , Sta . Cruz , Manila ,
Bautista , Felino - Felino B. Bautista , ments Bldg . , Manila . Manila . Fajardo, Remedios M. with Ori
Carson , Alexander B. 3729 Cam Dajao , Rograciano M.-with Uy Ma ent Colleges , Dagupan City.
748 Folgueras, Tondo, Manila .
Bautista, Potenciano R. - 33 A. Ma bridge, Kansas City , Kansas, USA . tiao & Co. , Inc., Cebu City . Fangonilo , Severo E. -with " Lebak
bini , Caloocan , Rizal . Casals, Liberato V. -with San Mi- Dalupan , Francisco T. President, Plantation Company Inc. , Lebak , Co
Bautista , Ramon - with A. L. Tulio guel Brewery, Aviles . Manila . University of the East , Manila . tabato .
& Associates , 328 Visita , Paco , Mani Casel , Samuel Q.-Accountant , Amer- Dalupan , Francisco T. Jr. , Chief Farnell, Thomas W. partner,
la . ican Bible Society, 636 Isaac Peral , Accountant , University of the East, Henry Hunter & Bayne & Co. , 305
Bautista , Serafin -- 2758 Herran St. , Manila Manila . Ayala Bldg . , Manila .
Manila . Casequin , Perfecto O. with Jose Daroya, Victoriano C .-- Partner , Da Faylon . Senen H. Senen H. Faj:
Bauzon , Florinda C. P. -Florinda ' P. Reyes , No. 2 San Andres . Manila . roya & Ungson , 2nd Floor, R. Villa lon , San Pablo City.
Banzon , Nable St. , Dagupan City.Ofice Castañeda , Nestor S.- with United mil Bldg . , Dagupan City. Felarca , Demosthenes B. with
Belchez, Felix P.- with the Equipment & Supply Co. , 223 13th Deato . Avelino L. - Avelino L. Dea Caltex ( Phil . ) Inc., Insular Life Bldg .,,
of the Provincial Auditor , Davao Ci Street, Port Area , Manila . to. 212 Laperal Bldg ., 851 Rizal Ave , Manila .
Castillo , Artemio B. partner , A. Manila Ferguson , Roberto 0. - partner , Fle
ty B , Castillo & Associates , 1936 Rizal
Belda , Francisco M .-- Bolton Street , Deleña, Melencio B.-with Standard ming & Williamson , Soriano Bldg . ,
Davao City. Ave. , Manila . Vacuum Oil Co. , P.O. Box 300 , Davao Manila .
Belisario , Ruperto B. - Ruperto B. Castillo , Gerardo N. Accountant , City . Fernandez, Albing B. - with 20th
Belisario , 79 Sinukuan , Quezon City . Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Co. of Manila , Delfin , Jose B.-64 Bagongbayan St. , Century Fox Phil .. Inc., 2nd Floor
Belleza Castor C.-with Jose Yap , Punta , Sta . Ana , Manila . Cebu City D. C. Chuan Bldg . , Rizal Ave Ma
Importer & Exporter, 62-76 F. Gon- Castillo, Pascual M.—with Bureau of Delima, Francisco - partner, F. T. nila .
zales St. , Cebu City. Internal Revenue , Manila . Delima & Associates , Bank of P. I. Fernandez , Basilio partner ,
F.
Bernabe, Rodolfo D. Examiner ; Castillo , Valeriano — with Philippine Bldg . , Magallanes , Cebu City Samson & Fernandez , Perez Boule
Bureau of Internal Revenue , Manila . National Bank , Tarlac Branch , Tarlac . Diangco, Delfin S. with National vard , Dagupan City .
Beronilia, Hilarion - Auditor, Price Castro , Antonio M. with Benguet Development Company , Pureza St. , Fernandez, Francisco S.-with Phil
Stabilization Corporation. Manila. Consolidated Mining Co. , Masinloc , Sta . Mesa , Manila . ippine National Bank , Cabanatuan
Blanco, Pastor P. Income Tax Zambales . Diaz , Luis C. -with Sycip , Velayo, Branch , Cabanatuan City .
Examiner , Bureau of Internal Reve- Castro , Felino F. Jr..- Accountant, Jose & Co., Trade & Commerce Bldg . , Fernandez , Manuel L .-- 24 - A Biak Na
nue , Manila . Castro's Fashion . 203 Calvo Bldg . , Ma- Manila . Bato , Tayuman , Sta . Cruz , Manila .
Blanco , Policronio–with the Bureau nila , Dimayuga , Melchor M. - with Flem Ferreria , Gertrudis F.-121 Balaya ,
of Internal Revenue , Manila . Castro , Jose 0.-86 D. Santiago St .. ing & Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Ma Manila .
Blardony , Mauro P. Comptroller , Manila nila . Fetil , Iluminado S. with Alatco ,
Insular Life Assurance Co. , Insular Castro , Pastor L. de-partner, N. C. Diokno, Jose W. Diokno Law Of Iriga , Camarines Sur .
Life Bldg . , Manila . Torio & Associates, 105 Brias Roxas fices , 44 Alhambra St. , Manila . Festin , Napoleon F. 306 Great
Bocaling , Cesar F. with Jaime Bldg . , Escolta , Manila Diokno, Mariano A. Mariano A. Eastern Hotel Bldg , Manila
Hernandez & Co., 316 Regina Bldg . , Cavile , Primitivo E.-P. E. Cavile . Diokno , 240 Dasmariñas St .. Manila Figueroa , Amora M .--with Colegio
Escolta, Manila . Kabankalan . Negros Occidental . Directo , Apolinario C.- With Eastern de Sta . Rosa , Intramuros, Manila
Bongco, Bartolo D. - with Dept. of Cayas, Alfredo A. - Comptroller , P.E. Inspection Bureau & Associated of Firmacion , Ladislao U.-with Asso
Supervision & Examination , Central Domingo & Co. Inc. , 13-15 Escolta , Credit Men , Manila, ciated Lumber Mfg . , Co. , Inc. , Navo
Bank of the Philippines , Manila , Manila Dizon , Angel C.-311 Regina Bldg . , tas , Rizal .
Bongco, Jose T.-with Macondray & Celestino , Macario T.-with Sycip , Escolta , Manila . Florento , Jose C. -with Price Wa
Co. , Inc., China Bank Bldg. , Manila Velayo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Com- Dizon , Carlito M.-Lasedeco, Mara terhouse & Company , P.O. Box 2288.
Borabo , Felix M .-- 300 Brias Roxas merce Bldg . , Manila . mag , Bukidnon , Manila ,
Bldg . , Escolta , Manila . Chan , Felipe C. 768 Juan Luna , Dizon , Isidro S.-- c/o Cesar Jenuino . Flores , Alberto M.with Rehabili
Borbon , Placido with Capital In- Manila . San Fernando , Pampanga , tation Financial Corporation . PNB
surance & Surety Co. , Manila . Chanjueco, Federico G. Jr. with Dizon , Ramon -- 1063 R. Hidalgo, Ma Bldg. , Manila .
Borja , Angelina P. -with Bank of Uson Colleges , España , Manila . nila Flores , Amado T. - 2204 Ipil , Sta .
America , 139 Juan Luna , Manila, Chavez , Lamberto T. Chief Ac- Dolendo . Abelardo L. -Executive Ac Cruz , Manila
Borja Francisco E. - Accountant, N. countant, Premiere Productions , Inc., countant, El Varadero de Manila & Flores , Felipa T. - Torres Bugallon
Capistrano Co .. Ozamiz City 204 Digna Bldg . , Dasmariñas, Manila . Cia . , 317 Maritima Bldg . , Manila St.. Dagupan City .
Borja , Pablo - Pablo Borja , Malay- Chuidian , Jose L.-with Burroughs Dollente , Eugenio D .-- partner, E. D. Flores, Modesto C. - Chief Account
balay, Bukidnon. Ltd .. Philippine Chamber of Com- Dollente & Co. , 302 Hogar Filipino ant . Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Co. of
Borromeo , Benjamin N.-Benjamin merce Bldg. , Manila Bldg . , Manila . Manila , P.O. Box 626 , Manila .
Borromeo , 205 Mercedes Bldg . , Jones Cirujano, Elias L .-- with the Bureau Domingo , Jose L.-44 Ruilaba, Nag Floro , Pablo G , with Fleming &
Avenue, Cebu City . of Internal Revenue , Manila tahan , Manila . Williamsan , Soriano Bldg ., Manila .
Boter, Agustin A.- Accountant. Ce- Conde, Dominador B.-974 Bilibid Domingo, Manuel V. - partner, M. V. Fojas , Antonio A. - with El Pan de
sar Ladesma , Inc., 210 Ayala Bldg . , Viejo , Manila . Domingo & Associates , 313 El Hogar San Antonio, 682-84 Evangelista , Quia
Manila Constantino, Felipe T. Felipe T. Filipino Bldg . , Manila . po , Manila .
Braga, Agapito S. - Agapito S. Bra- Constantino , 114 ( up ) Azcarraga, Ma- Domingo, Teofilo L. -partner , Za Fonacier . Lawag G. with Jaime
ga , USVA Office, Customs' Bldg . , llo- nila . bala & Domingo, Broad Bldg . , Zam Hernandez & Co., 316 Regina Bldg . ,
ilo City Constantino, Jesus R.-with Sycip . boanga City . Manila
Brillantes . Alexander H. partner , Velayo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Com . Dominguez , Alberto R. Alberto R. Francisco, Manuel U , 2nd Floor ,
 136 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Lozano Bldg., España St.. Cotabato. ditor , Ramon Roces Interests , 1055 So Mari, Eduardo L --With La Dicha
Cotabato Sons, 302 Great Eastern Hotel , Manila .
ler St. , Manila .
Francisco , Valentin A - 1556 Int. 15 , Ignacio . .Jose-Assistant Superintei Layson , Gloria M .-- with Assumption Cigar & Cigarette Factory , 429 Asun
Convent, Molo, Iloilo City . con , Binondo , Manila
Juan Luna , Manila dent of Banks. Central Bank of the Mariano , Norberto M ---partner , Ma
Franco , Vicente C. - 141 Lipa St .. Lazaro , Magdalena S. L ,--with Univ
Phil . , Manila ersity of the East, Manila liano & Oukeko , 307 Marvel Bldg .
Batangas . Infante, Enrique F.-with Sycip , Ve . Juan Luna, Nianila
Fucio . Alfonso E -with the Philip- layo, Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce Ladesma, Edmundo E -501 State
Mariano . Pacitico S - with Auditing
pine National Bank , Manila . Bldg ., Rizal Ave. , Manila .
G
Bldg . , Manila Leon , Adolfo R. de - Adolfo R. de Department, San Miguel Brewery , Ma
Inocentes, Filadelfo M. Chief Ar wila
Gabriel , Angel M. with Filipinas countant, Luzon Surety Co. , Inc., 180 Leon , 215 Calvo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila .
Cia . de Seguros , Filipinas Bldg . , Ma- David St .. Manila . Leus, Agapito M .---with Fleming & Marqit z . David C --Binakayan, Kite
wit, Cavite
nila Inocentes , Proceso D. Chicf AC Williamson , Soriano Bldg. , Manila . Marquez, Serafin S --Accountant,
Gaddi , Fernando Q .--with Pambus Leyson , Ignacio F. - Accountant, Na Harbor Express Brokerage Inc. , 320
Co - La Mallorca Transportation , San countant, Mayon Metal Windows, Ma
nila . sipit Lumber Co., Inc. , Shamrock Bldg . , Llcano , Manila
Fernando, Pampanga . Cebu City Marquez , Sofronio J --with C Mil
Isidro , Pedro G.twith ABC Lumber
Galang, Felicisimo ' Accountant , Co. , Inc., Dadiangas, Buayan , Cota Liboro , Alfredo M .-- Auditor , Metro ler & Co , 318 Samanillo Bldg , iva
The Coca-Cola Export Corp. , 70 Sta . bato. politan Water District , Manila . nila
Mesa Blvd. , San Juan Rizal . Martin , Fidel S. - 303 Consolidated
Jacinto, Fortunato B .-- Branch Αυ Licaros, Gregorio S. - with Office of
Galpan . Guillermo E .---with Univer ditor , Rehabilitation Financial Economic Coordination , & Auditor , Investments Bldg ., Manila
sity of the East , Manila , Corp.,
Cebu Branch Cebu City . Central Bank of the Phil. Manila . Martinez , Jesus A - with Cebu , MU
Galsim , Juan G. with Standard Liclican , Nicasio Pwith Rufino ilal Bldg , & Loan Assn . P 0 : Box
Vacum Oil Co., Ayala Bldg. , Manila Jacinto, Mamerto Jr.-M. Jacinto, Jr.. 65. Cebu City
Galvez , Cesar B .-- with San Miguel & Co., 405 Burke Bldg . , Manila . Melo & Co. , 212 Maritima Bldg . , Ma
Jacinto , Rosita - with M. Jacinto , nila . Matira , Mamerto E -- Western Phil
Brewery. Manila . ippine Colleges, Batangas, Batangas
Galvez, Lucia S .--19 Biak- na-Bato , Jr. , & Co. , 405 Burke Bldg . , Manila . Liclican, Ponciano - with Baguio Gold Mateo , Francisco S -Accountant,
Manila Jacob , Rodolfo B .--with Sycip , Vela Mining Co., City Market, Baguio City . Southern Motors , Ine , P. O Box 294 ,
Gandiongco, Juan M.-with the Bu- yo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce Licuanan , Edgardo 8.partner, E. S. Davao City
reau of Intrenal Revenue , Cebu City . Bldg . , Manila . Licuanan , Gapay , & Co. , 407 - B Lope Mateos, Exequiel L -Malabon , Rizal.
Gandionco , Ramon J. with Price Jalando-On , Ruben A.-with C. Mil de Vega , Sta . Cruz , Manila Mathay , Ismael- with P Austria
Waterhouse & Co. , P.O. Box 2288 , ler & Co. , Bacolod City . Lim , Leon P. - Chief Accountant, ( e , Inc 150-156 Espana , Manila
Manila Jamerlan , Paterno - Paterno Jamer Siliman University, Dumaguete City . Medina , Buenaventura S --Buena
Garcia . Alberto V.- Alberto V. Gar- lan , 116 Guanco . St. , Iloilo City . Liin , Remedios J. - with Fleming & ventura S Medina , Araneta & Liber
cia & Co. , 504 Jalandoni Bldg ... 670 Jariol , Antolin A partner , Caba Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Manila . S tad St , Bacolod City
Dasmariñas, Manila . t. Medrano , Eliseo
N Assistant
tingan , Jariol , Rances & Co. , 2nd Lim -Aco , Rosa L. - 648 Centro
Garcia , Alfredo T. - General Mana- Floor , Rodriguez Bldg . , Cebu City . España , Sampaloc, Manila . Treasurer , American Internation Un
ger , Bacolod-Murcia Milling Co. Inc., Jauregui, Mariano D.-317 Samanillo Limon , Felix H.-with Fleming & derwriter for the Phil , Manila
Bacolod City . Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Manila Mejia , Jaime S --with the Bureau of
Bldg . , Manila Internal Revenue , Manila
Garcia , Casimiro L. Casimiro L Javellana , Alfredo T.-Alfredo Ja Limuaco , Leonardo A .-- 307 Burke ,
Garcia , 360 Tiong Bldg . , Manila . vellana Bldg . , Escolta , Manila . Melo , Restituto- 16 Baldwin St , Ma
Garcia , Francisco A. 204 El Hoger Javier, 2 E Guanco
, Alberto St. , Valera
P.-with Iloilo , City
Re. mila
Filipino Bldg . , Manila . Litonjua, Rodolfo M. -partner , Liton Melo , Rufino - Rufino Melo & Co ..
Garcia , Jose T. — with Trade Cont yes , Mogarte & Associates , 207 Roces jua Rafael & Jereza, P.O. Box 227 , 212 Maritima Bldg . , Dasmarinas , Ma
Hnos . Bldg . , Manila . Parolod City nila .
rol Division , PRISCO , Manila ,
Garcia , Manuel F. Philippine Javier , Primitivo A .-- Factory AC Llana, Leonides de ia-Auditor, Phil Meneses , Florencio E. - 1139 Pru
Trust Company , Manila . countant, Philippine Refining Co. , ippine Trust Co. , Manila . dencio, Sampaloc , Manila
Garcia , S. del Rosario - S. del Rosa Inc. , Isaac Peral , Manila Lombos , Juanita C.-209 F. Balagtas , Mendoza , Guillermo--with Price , Wa
rio Garcia , 731 San Sebastian , Manila. Jayme , Demetrio S.-Chief Account . Paranaque, Rizal . terhouse & Co , PO Box 2288 , Ma .
ant, Compania Maritima , Cebu Branch . Lontok , Fe M .-- partner, Abuel, Bal vila
Garcia, Valentin P. - V. P. Garcia
& Associates, 311 Samanillo Cebu City . maceda & Lontok , 303 Villonco Bldg .. Mendoza , Teofila M- 604 E Rizal
Bldg . ,
Escolta , Manila . Jereza , Ramiro C.-partner, Liton Quezon Blvd. , Manila . Avenue Extension , Grace Park , Calo
Garcia , Vicente V. --- c / o Squires jua , Rafael, & Jereza , P.O. Box 227 ocan , Rizal
Bacolod City . Lorenzo , Javino S .-- 212 Regina Bldg . , Mercado , Ariston C with De la Ra.
Bingham Co. , 89-91 Escolta , Manila . Escolta , Manila .
Gandola , Loreto L. with Negros Jesus, Concordia V. de--50 Rizal
Lucena , Claro F. -with Price Water ma Steamship Co , Manila
Street , Malabon , Rizal. Mercado , Doroteo C .--with P. N.
Navigation Co. , Inc. , 89 De La Rama . house & Co. , P.O. Box 2288, Manila . Evangelista & Co. , 315 Calvo Bldg .
Iloilo City. Jesus, Emilio M. de - Chief Account Lucero , Antonio-P.O. Box 4 , Surigao ,
Garrucho , Peter A. 907 San Mar- ant, Pata Mills , Inc.;' Claveria , Ca Escolta , Manila .
Surigao . Mercado , Jose A ---with Bureau
celino, Ermita , Manila , gayan . Lugay , Bernardo T. - Tarlac, Tarlac. Internal Revenue , Manila
Geonanga , Rodolfo E. with Jesus, Honesto L. de-Examiner, Bu Lumba, Jose F.- with Manuel A. Ja Mercado , Leoncio T - Leoncio T
Burroughs, Ltd. , Philippine Chamber reau of Internal Revenue , Daet , Ca vellana , 321 Calvo Bldg . , Manila . Mercado Associates, 206 Maritima
of Commerce Bldg . , Manila , marines Norte . Luna , Maximino A. Jr.---831 Taft Pldg , Manila
Gempesaw . Carlos C. : Anda St. , Jesus , Lorenzo S. de-with the Bu Avenue, Manila . Millan , Diomedes L --Assistant Gen.
Davao City. reau of Internal Revenue, Manila Lustre , Alfredo M .--Manager, Rehab eral Manager, General Shipping Co ,
Geronimo , Teotimo M. San Agus Jeturian , Crispin -- 2564 O'Donnell, llitation Financial Corp. , Iloilo Branch , Inc , Manila
tin , Malabon Rizal , Manila . Iloilo City . Miran, Cirilo— with General Auditing
Ghent, William E. Ozamis City . Jeturian , Rodolfo F.-with Sycip . Ve Mabanta , Felix F. - Del Rosario , Ma Office , Port Area, Manila
Gianan , Sofronio M. 809 Jabone- layo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce banta & Co. , Fulpinas Bldg. , Manila Miranda, Jose M -J . M Miranda
ros , Manila . Bldg . , Manila . Macalindong , Lucas - with Yu Yek & Associates, 303 Consolidated Invest
Gil Gozum , Lolito T. with Hijos Jhocson , Domingo
L .-- with Na
ments Bldg , Manila
Huy & Co. , 922. Jaboneros , Binondo, Miranda , Feliciano Jr . ,-Sta . Isa
de F. Escano, Inc.. Guadalupe, Cebu tional University, Manila , Manila .
City. Jimenez , Ladislao S. - with Account bel , Malolos , Bulacan
Macanlalay, Fernando A.--with Jaime Miranda , Manuel- Accountant , Ma
Gil Rafael C. --with Atkins, Kroll & ing Division , Price Stabilization Cor Hernandez & Co. , 316 Regina Bldg .. ,
Co. , Inc , 124 Myers Bldg , Port Area poration , Manila . Manila . condray & Co , 3rd Floor , China , Bank
Manila Bldg , Manila
Jo , George S. - 4 Enocando St. , San Macasieb , Dionisio M.-with Philip Miravite , Simeon Ą --with Price
Gonzalez, Francisco IV with Jaime tol, Quezon City . pine Trust Company , Manila . Waterhouse & Co , P Q Box 2288,
Hermandez & Co. , Regina Bldg ,, Joaquin , Pacifico G.- Chief Account Macavinta, Pedro T. Jr.- partner, Manila
Manila , ant , Woodworks , Inc. & Woodcraft Mogarte, Serafin B - partner , Vale .
Gonzalez , Fulgencio -- 87 Quintos , Cu Obligacion & Macavinta , 226 Iznart St.,
works Ltd. , Regina Bldg ., Manila . Iloilo City. ra , Reyes, Mogarte & Associates , 207
bao , Quezon City . Joco , Eliseo C. - Eliseo C. Joco , 509 Macuja , Estela P .-- 123 Arquiza , Er Toces Hnos . Bldg , Manila
Gonzalez, Gregorio--with Cotabato ... Garcia Bldg . , Rizal Ave. , Manila , mita , Manila . Monge , Francisco P -with Depart
Auditing Office . Cotabato . Jose , Jorge W .- _ Jorge W., Jose, P.O. ment of Finance, Manila
Gopez , Edwardo T. with White Macuja , Julio V. - with Rehabilita
Box 397 , Manila . tion Finance Corporation . Manila . Monroy , Aldramelec S - Life Thea
Page & Co. , P.O. Box 2288. Manila . tre Bldg , Laoag, Nocos Norte
Gorrez, Ramon J. with Henry Jose, Vicente 0 .-- partner, Sycip, Ve Madridejos, Maximo A.-274 Padilla Montemayor, Melecio Assistant
Hunter & Bayne , & Co. , 305 Ayala layo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce Manila . Credit Manager, Philippine Bank o1
Bldg . , Manila . Magnaye , Lauro V. -193 Espana, Commerce , Manila
Bldg ., Manila. Josue, Vicente L.-29 Burgos,, Maka Manila .
Goyenechea . Flora C. - 334 Dandan Mora , Bernardo C - c / o Ormoc Sug
St. , Tondo , Manila . ti, Rizal . Magno, Urico V.- with Theo H. Da ai Co , Inc , 201 Escolta Bldg , Ma
Gozum , Leocadio - Leocadio Gozum, Joven , Benjamin-51 Campuput, vis & Co., Far East, Ltd., Ayala Bldg. nila
General Roxas District, Quezon City Manila Moran , Jose C -Manager, Rehabili
Masbate , Masbate . Magno, Vermundo M .-- Victorias
Gracia . Abraham B. de_437 . Pon Joven , Ignacio - Ignacio Joven , 766 tation Finance Corporation, Cebu
ciano Reyes. St. , Davao City .
Milling Co , Inc , Victorias, Negros Branch , Cebu City
Echague, San Miguel, Manila . Occidental.
Gracia , Pepita de L. - 106 Bayani, Joven , Leonardo Y. - 85 Lopez Jaena Morente, Benjamin O --with Valera ,
St. , Cebu City . Mallari , Petronillo S. - Batasan , Ma lieyes, Mogarte & Associates , 207 Ro
Quezon City . cabebe , Pampanga ces Hnos Bldg Manila
Gregorio . Quirino- Q . G. Gregorio Jugo, Renato J.- 1638 Dominga St .. Manalac , Generosa S .--with P- U. M070, Lauro® Á Chief Accountant ,
& Associates, 501 States Bldg ., Rizal Manila . Abastillas & Co ; 401 Chaco Bldg , Sun Ripe Coconut Products, Inc., 179
Ave. , Manila . Kagaon , Nicolas N.-with William Manila
Guillen , Godiardo — Godiardo Guillen , Lines Inc., P.O. Box 291 , Davao City. \ tuelle de Binondo, Mla
Butuan City . Manalo , Benito O --Accountant, Ba . Mulligan , Williams B.- Mullingan &
Kalaw , Teodoro , Jr.-- 1018 Soler, Cor colod Coca -Cola Plant, Bacolod City Co , Daet , Camarines Norte
Gulfin , Felix A.–Felix A. Gulfin , Ba- ner Rizal Avenue , Manila . Manalo , Fernando M. Jr , Chief Munar, Verbo C --Accountant , North
silan Estates Bldg. , Madrid St. , Zam- Kanapi , Juan G. - with Standard Accountant, Pacific Merchandising west Airlines Inc 415 M H del Pi .
boanga City : Vacuum Oll Co., 5th Floor Ayala Bldg ., Corp , Choy Bldg , Dasmarinas, Mani. far, Manila
Gungon . Armando F. - with Philip- Manila la Munoz , Augusto N -With Philiprino
pine Chinese Chamber of Commerce , Labayen, Eduardo L.-with Oriental Manalo , Primo D. - Primo Manalo & National Bank , San Fernando , Br . San
72 Benavides, Manila . Negros Institute, Araneta Bldg ., Associates, 611 Garcia Bldg , Rizal Fernando , Pampanga
Ba .
Gutierrez , Belen E. Dean , Far colod City . Ave , Manila Munoz, Quirino J --with Fleming &
Eastern University, Manila. Lacson , Nellie D.-545 Velasquez . Manansala , Agapito S --- With La Mal Williamson , Soriano Bldg , Manila
Gutierrez, Horacio C. Gapan , Nue Tondo, Manila .
lorca - Pambusco Transportation , San Musa , Eufemio N -Accounting &
va Ecija . Fernando , Pampanga . Legal Officer, Philippine Sugar Asso
Guzman , Benjamin D. de Philip Lagman , Benedicto C. - Accountant, Mangahas , Avelino C .-- Assistant to ciation , Ayala Bldg . Manila.
pine National Bank , San Fernando Butuan Saw Mill , Inc. , 210 -B Consoli the Auditor , Manila Trading & Sup Nacianceno , Vicente M --with De
Branch, San Fernando, Pampanga . dated Invest. Bldg . , Manila . ply Co , Port Area , Manila partment of Supervision , Central Bank
Guzman , Cecilio A, de - with Jaime Lagman , Estanislao R. - Accountant, Mangilit, Ambrosio G --with the of the Philippines, Manila
Hernandez & Co. , 316 Regina Bldg . , Engr. Brigido R. Valencia , 494 Claveria Exchange Control Division , Central Nadela , Vicente D --Vicente D. Na
Manila . St. , Davao City. Bank of the Philippines, Manila dela , 26 Zulueta St , Cebu City
Mangona , Florentino M. - Internal Naranja , Flaviano R -with Lopez
Guzman , Edmundo R. - with Globe Laguio , Leonardo S.-with Merchant Sugar Central Mill Co , Inc. Fabrica ,
Wireles , China Bank Bldg . , Manila Accountancy Service , P.O. Box 1 , Lu Auditor, Engineering Equipment Negros Occidental
Guzman , Vivencio R. de -- 1225 Fe- cena , Quezon . Supply Co. , 174 M de Comillas, Mla
Maniquis , Sulpicio J With White Narciso, Arsenio D -- Secretary . Col
lix Huertas , Cruz ,
Sta . Manila . Lagumbay, Wenceslao - 535 Cataluna , lege of Commerce, University of the
Page & Co ро Box 2288 , Manila
H Sampaloc, Manila . Mann , Y B -Y B Mann , 20-22 East, Mania
Habaluyas , Lauro G. Lauro G Lahom , Tomas P. Jr.- 178 Mayon St. , Narciso , Modesto -R-215 Garcia
Plaridel St , Cebu City
Habaluyas , 311 Samanillo Bldg. , Ma- Sta . Mesa Heights , Quezon City , Manongdo . Gregorio P - partner, Pidg , Rizal Avenue, Manila
nila Lamson , Magdaleno M .---with Fle Natividad . Domingo C --with Mani
Hausamann , Hans-partner , Fleming ming & Williamson , Soriano Bldg .. Manongdo & Chua -Manongdo , 314 Le la Hotel, Manila
& Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Manila . Manila .
gaspi, Davao City Navarro , Jesus Q --with Central
Hernandez , Jaime partner , Jaime Manongdo, Salvacion O C - partner , Commercial Co , 18 Dayid St , Ma
Lancero, Victoriano C - Victoria no Manongdo & Chua -Manongd ) , 314 Le
Hernandez & Co. , 31 Regina Bldg .. C. Lancero , 301 Laperal Bldg . , Manila . nila
Manila gaspi, Davao City Navarro, Joaquin C - Accountant.
Lapidario, Candido A .-- with White Mangoh , Gloria B -Accountant, Elks Club . Dewey Boulevard , Manila
Hernando , Celestino S. with Eve Page & Co. , P.O. Box 2288 , Manila . Central Surety & Insurance Co., Nepomoceno, Javier J --General
rett Steamship Corporation , 223 Das- Lapinig. Filomeno D.-Alunan & La 210 Eurke Bldg , Escolta, Manila Manager, Angeles Electric Corpora.
mariñas, Manila pinig , Iligan City . Manrique, Rufino LR L Manri
Hidalgo , Rafael R .-- 685 Tanduay St. , ton , Angeles, Pamp anga
Lasquety , Pedro Z , Jr .---Accountant , que , 207 Dona Salud Bldg , Dasmari. Nera , Rebecca S - with Avelino L
Manila . Y. Bio Bazar, 564 Azcarraga St., Mn lias Manila Deato . 212 Laperal Bldg , Rizal Ave.
Hilario Vicente J.-with Fleming & nila . Mapa , Tomas G --with Institute of Manila
Williamson , Soriano Bldg ., Manila Laurel , Daniel - with Government Accounts, Business & Finance , Far N torred . Leo P --with Securities
Hipolito , C. S .-- 311 Maritima Bldg .. Service Insurance System , Port Area , Lastern U Manila Tarket Dept , Central Bank of the
Manila , Maralit, Arsenio P --with Fleming
Manila . Philippines, Manila
I
Lauron , Custodio C. with C.S. Hipo & Williamson , Soriano Bldg , Manila Noel, Catalino --- Dumaguete City
Ibanez , Cristino with Erlanger & lito. 768 Juan Luna , Manila , Maravilla , Francisco E - partner . Noel Jesus N --with Fleming
Galinger, Inc. , Manila Cusi and Maravilla , Araneta St ; Ba Williamson , Soriano Bldg . Manila
Lavares, Jose B .-- Secretary, Institute colod City Nolasco Ignacio B --with De Jias
Tbarrola , Aurora R .-- with the Coca- of Accounts, Business & Finance, Far Marfil, Eduardo P Eduardo
Cola Export Corporation , Manila .
Р Alas, Nolasco & Enriquez, 201 - A Re
Eastern U. , Manila . Marfi & Associates , 229 Libertad, Pa . gina Bldg Manila
Icasas . Adriano D. Assistant All- Lavidez AT with Lavidez & Say City Nolasco , Manuel B -partner. De
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 137
Las Alas , Nolasco & Enriquez , 201 - A kati , Rizal . Rosa , Rodolfo L. dela-with De- Manila .
Regina Bldg , Manila Pineda , Jose C - with Fleming & partment of Economic Research , Cen . So , Jesus Y -Guihulugan , Negros
Noriega , Diogenes M .-- with Elem- Williamson, Soriano Bldgs , Manila al Bank of the Phil Manila . Oirental .
ing & Williamson . Soriano Bldg . Ma- Pitarque, Eliseo - Eliseo Pitarque. Rosario , Anselmo 1 del-partner, Solatan , Alfredo Jr.-- Alfredo Solatan
mila . Midsayap, Cotabato Del Rosario , Mabanta & Co , Fili- Jr. , 3rd Floor, Filomelia Bldg . , Cebu
Noriega , Gregorio L --- Treasurer, J. Pleno, Ramona M --Auditor , Teodo pinas Bldg Manila City .
Amado Enterprises , Chaco Bldg . l'o R Yangco Properties, 801 Oro Rosario , Fidel V. del -Office Man
quieta , Manila . ager , Kodak Philippines, Ltd , Port Soria , Jose U. - Jose U. Soria, Lucena,
Manila Quezon .
Noriesta , Leon C --with Alberto V Poblete , Gaudencio R - G . R. Poh Area , Manila
Garica & Co , 504 Jalandoni Bldg , Rosario , Francisco V. del--with Soriano, Andres R.-with Soriano Y
lete, Silang, Cavite Shell Co of P I , Manila . Cia . , Manila .
Dasmarinas, Manila Posadas, Pilar V with Conrado E.
Obligacion, Manuel. -partner , Obli Posadas , 2258 Oroquieta , Manila Rosario , Jose D del-Accountant , Soriano, Onesimo - with Standard
gacion & Macavinta , 226 Isnart St. Prescott , Stanley L -With John Atlantic Gulf & Pacific Co. of Ma- Vacuum Oil Co. , Manila .
Iloilo City Forbes & Co , Honolulu , Hawaii nila , Manila Soto, Eriberto 0.-501 State Bldg ..
Ocampo, Casimiro C -with Fleming Protomartir , Cleotilde G - Account Rosario , Marciano del- with Manila Manila .
& Williamson , Soriano Bldg Manila
ant, Centro Railroad Co , Manila .
Francisco T -Francisco Escolar University , Ma Rosario , Ramon V del-Executive Sta . Ana , Fabian E. - Chief Account
Ocampo, nila
ant , Manila Hotel Co. , Manila .
T Ocampo , 78 Iriga St , Sta . Mesa Vice-President , Fil-Ainerican Life
Puentespina , Carlos G --with Ker Insurance Co Wilson Bldg , Mla . Sto . Tomas , Jose C .-- with Office of
Heights , Quezon City.
Ocampo , Hermino P - Hermino P. & Co , Ltd , P O Box 134 , Davao Rosario , Vicente L del - Chief Ac- Economic Coordination , Manila .
Ocampo , 453 Juan Luna, Manila . City countant, C o del Rosario , Inc , Az- Sugay , Jose E.General Manager ,
Ocaya , Timoteo C --Accountant, Bu Puertollano , Juan P --with Bureau carraga , Manila
o Internal Revenue , Manila Filipino Bakers' Association , Inc. , 326
kidnon Lumber Co , Malaybalay. Bu Rotor, Roger A --430 Kahilom , Pan Calvo Bldg . , Manila ,
kidnon Punsalan , Josefina J - 723 Paz, Pa dacan , Manila
co , Manila Sumbingco , Apolonio N .-- A . N. Sum
Occenola , Cristeto V ---with C. Mi Rualo , Dominador , R -Head , AC
ler & Co , Bacolod City . Puruganan , Enrique A -Field Au counting Dept , College of Commerce , bingco , Sta . Clara Bldg . , Bacolod City .
Ollada, Eliseo Z - 501 China Bank ditor , Tobacco Corporation .
National U S T , Manila Suñga , Belino with Far Eastern
Bldg Manila Tuguegarao , Cagayan Rubias, Domingo , D --Auditor, Phil- University, Manila .
Oilada, Felipe B 506 China Bank Puyot , Eugenio F Corrector , ippine Railway Co , Iloilo City Sycip , Washington-partner, Syclp .
Bldg Manila University of the East, Manila Rubio , Teodorico E -70 Maryland, Velayo, Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce
Aliva , Martin R -with Department Queano, Pedro C with Philippine Quezon City Bldg . , Manila .
of Supervision , Central Bank of the Manufacturing Co , Manila Rubio , Victorino M --with Fleming
Philippines, Manila Quejada , Edito F -with United Syjuco , Augusto G. - General Man
& Williamson , Soriano Bldg , Manila ager , Clicquot Club Bottling Co. , 216
Ong. Juan S - 203-205 Gibbs Bldg .. Underwriters Company, Marvel Bldg . Sabater , Antonio G -- 201 - A Hilltop
Manila Manila St , San Juan , Rizal Regina Bldg . , Manila .
Ongkiko, Vicente T --partner, Maria- Quesada , Gloria M -Accountant , Sagales , Remigio D --with Standard T
nc & Ongkiko , 307 Marvel Bldg . Ma Gonzalo Puyat & Sons , Inc. Manila Bookbinding Co , 411 Azcarraga , Ma Tabag, Roberto L. - Chief Accountant ,
nila Quiamco, Avelino A - with Uy Ma. nila .
Orriola , Mariano R --with National Genato
Quiap Commercial Corp., R. Hidalgo,
tao & Co , Dumaguete City Salanga , Juan A Jr -with Budget Manil
o, a.
Life Insurance Co , Escolta , Manila Quijano, Quintin – 35 General Luk Commission , Manila .
Ortiz , Pedro A --Chief Accountant, Salazar , Anastacio M -with U S. Tablos, Benjamin N. - 303 Jalandoni
ban , Tacloban , Leyte . Bldg . , 670 Dasmariñas, Manila .
Equitable Banking Corporation , 210 Tobacco Corp , 24th & Boston Sts ,
Juan Luna, Manila . Quintos, Jose L - with Sycip . Vela Port Area , Maniba . Tan , Espiritu P. - Branch Account
Pabia , Santos D -with Sta Clara yo , Jose & Co , Tut Bldg , Cebu City . ant, William Lines , 924 San Fernando,
Generoso P - with Fleming
Lumber Co , Gingo -og , Misamis Quito, Celestino T - Celestino T. & Salazar,
Williamson , Soriano Bldg , Manila Manila .
Oriental Quito , Santiago , Isabela Salcedo , Pedro EJ2051- B , M. Nati Tan , Leonardo G.-Chief Account
Padilla , Arsenio - 513 Trade & Com- Rarcho, Jorge B - Jorge B Racho . vidad , Sta Cruz , Manila .
242 Estero Cegado , Quiapo, Manila ant, Gonzalo Puyat & Sons, Inc. , 190
merce Bldg , Manila .
Radam , Siineon Þ -Income Tax Sales, Gregorio RP. O. Box 744 ,
Padilla , Gil V --Assistant Account Manila Rodriguez Arias, Manila ,
2.nt, Victorias Milling Co , Victorias. Examiner . Bureau of Internal Re Samar , Nicolas V .--Assistant Ac- Tan Klang , Francisco V .-- with Far
Negros Occidental . venue , Manila
countant, Metro Goldwyn Mayer Ma- Eastern Surety & Insurance Co. , 180
Padilla, Simeon B. -57 Washington Rafael . Edmundo S - partner , Li nila , Inc , Manila . David , Manila .
St Iligan City tonjua , Rafael & Jereza, Villaruel Samonte , Jose T Income Tax Ex
Pagaspas, Luis S - Luis S Pagas- Bldg , Rizal St Bacolod City Tanjuaquio, Pacifico T.-with Phil
aminer , Bureau of Internal Revenue , ippine National Bank, Escolta , Manila .
pas , 602 Trade & Commerce Bldg .. Ragasa . Daniel M - 1330 Herran . Manila
Manila Manila Samson , Luis F - President, Luzon Tanseco , Edith - with Sycip , Velayo ,
Paglinawan , Luis A ----With Philip- Ramirez , Lucas S -Cabanatuan College of Commerce & Business Ad Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce Bldg .
pine Trust Company , Manila City ministration . Perez Boulevard, Dagu- Manila ,
Paguyo, Filomeno M -Accountant , Ramos , Cenona P -748 Gov. pan City Tañedo , Nicomedes D. -with Gen
The Ault & Wilborg Co , ( Far East ) . Forbes , Sampaloc , Manila Sanchez, Antonio M - partner , Da
eral Auditing Office , Manila .
Florentino Torres , Manila Ramos , Edilberto K -446 Adelina . lupan , Sanchez & Co , 314 Regina Tarrosa Rogelio G.-with Henry
Palac , Eduardo D -Dean , Colleges Sampaloc, Manila Bldg , Manila
of Commerce , Rafael Palma Colleges. Ramos . Mariano A - with Catholic Sanchez Jose A. - with Artemio L. Hunter Bayne & Co. , 305 Ayala Bldg .
Tagbilaran , Bohol Manila .
Welfare Organization , 260 San Rafael , Tulio & Associates , 328 Visita , Paco . Tatlonghari , Pedro T. - with Q. G.
Palacios , Jesus P -Accountant , In . Manila Manila .
ternnational Hardwood & Veneer CO Gregorio & Associates, 501 State Bldg ..
of the Phil , 246 Isabel , Sta . Ana Rances, Amado S M -Accountant . Sanchez, Jose H —with Cash Divi Manila .
States Marine Corp. Gotiaco Bldg sion , City Treasurer's Office , Manila
Manila Sanchez ,
Manila Leocadio AA . E --2427 Tay , Herminia M.-711 Legarda ,
Palma , Bernardo - with the Depart Rances , Pedro R -Chief Accountant, ( Int 405 ) S del Rosario , San Juan Sampaloc , Manila .
ment of National Defense , Camu Metropolitan ater District, Manila Subd ., Manila Teodoro, Benjamin D.-58 A. C. Her
Murphy, Quezon City Raymundo , Artemio L - with Sycip , San Juan , Luis E -Chief Account rera , Barrio Obrero, Tondo, Manila.
Palma , Ladislao-- Ladislao Palma . int, Philippine Refining Co , Isaac Pe
Cebu City Velayo , Jose & Co ., Trade & Com Teotico, Genero N.-G. N. Teotico,
merce Bldg , Manila ral, Manila
Pamintuan , Ignacio G. - 1416 Orre San Juan , Luis E -Chief Account- 32 Germinal, Sta . Cruz , Manila .
qiueta , Sta Cruz, Manila Recio , Leonardo L --210 Ayala Bldg . , ant, Philippine Refining Co , Isaac Pe- Tengtio , Agustin Y - Sub - Account
Manila
Pamintuan , Mariano V -323 Car Recto , Cesar L -with Rehabilito ral, Manila ant, La Fortuna , Inc. , 360 Sto . Cristo,
riedo, Quiapo , Manila tion Financial Corporation , Manila. Santa Cruz Alberto ---with Surplus Binondo , Manila .
Panganiban , Federico C -9 de Feb Relampagos, Andres P - 137 -A Pa Property Liquidation Office , City Hall , Tison , David-809 Remedios , Manila .
rero, Mandaluyong, Rizal . laez St , Cebu City Manila
Pangilinan , Bartolome G - Office Regaliza . Tobias, Pablo D.-206 Marvel Bldg ..
Pedro T --with Manila Santamaria , Manuel S --with Univ Manila .
Manager, Heald Lumber Co , Baguio Electric Company , Manila crsity of the East , Manila
Santiago , Niceto F --with IBM Cor.
City Tolentino, Hilarion-507 Mercedes
Pangilinan , Remedios G -- 93 F Resposo , David P -David P Res poration of the Philippines, Regina Bldg . , Manila .
Aguilar , Obrero, Manila poso , Solano, Nueva Viscaya Bldg , Manila Torio, Nicolas C.-partner, Torio ,
Panis . Federico B --with Auditing Revita , Corlenio - Cornelio Recita , Santos , Antonio G -Accountant , Alinea , Castro & Co. , 105 Brias Roxas
Dept., Rehabilitation Financial Corp. 871 - B Prudencio St Sampaloc , Manila Century Insurance Co. , Inc. , Manila Bldg . , Escolta, Manila .
Iloilo Br , Iloilo City Reyes, Alberto P --501 State Thea Santos, Eliseo G -Accountant, Min .
tre Bldg , Manila Torres, Augusto P.- Chief Account
Papica , Gerardo R - 2779 Herran St .. cioro College , Calapan , Mindoro ant , Rehabilitation Financial Corp ..
Manila Reyes, Alfredo R -- Alfredo R Re Santos , Roberto M --with Azcarraga
Paragas , Efifanio Y --with Bureau Ves, P 0 Box3, Cebu City & Santos, Plaza Manila .
Rizal, Zamboanga
of Internal Revenue , Manila . Reyes , Antonio R --with Price City . Torres, Enrique P .-- Accountant, Juan
Paragas , Isidro G --with Ulpiano C Waterhouse & Co , P. O Box 2288 . E Tuazon , 12 Sociego , Sta . Mesa , Ma
Sazon & Co , Garcia Bldg . Rizal Manila Santos, Teofilo G - with Sycip , Vela . nila .
Avenue, Manila Reyes, Arsenio R -with Henry yo , José & Co , Trade & Commerce
Bldg , Manila Torres , Jose I. --with Meer, Meer, &
Paras , Angelo J -Chief Account- Hunter Bayne & Co , 305 Ayala , Ma Santos, Zaida - with the University of Meer, 13 Escolta , Manila.
ant, Textile Mills , National Develon- nika
Torres, Jose L. - 316 Consolidated In
ment Co Pureza , Manila Reyes , Conrado S --with Henry the East , Manila
Sarmenta , Domingo Q --with Arte vestments Bldg . , Manila .
Paras, Renato L --with Philippine Hunter Bayne & Co , 305 Ayala Bldg ,
mio L Tulio & Associates , 328 Visi
Manufacturing Co , Manila , Manila Torrevillas, Gregorio C.Manager,
Paredes , Miguel G --with Sycip , Reyes , Eladia S. -with Theo . il .
ta , Paco , Manila
Sarmenta , Pantaleon S - partner , Masbate Central Producers Cooperative
Velayo , Jose & Co , Trade & Com . Davies , Far East , Ltd. , Ayala Bldg . Ramirez & Sarmenta , Cabanatuau Ass ., Inc. , Masbate , Masbate .
merce Bldg , Manila . Manila . TuaSon, Glorio M - Accountant , Un
Parian , Rosaila B - with Jose F. City
Sugay , 326 Calco Bldg , Escolta . Ma- Reyes. Eugenio R --with Fleming & Sazon, Ulpiano C - Ulpiano C Sa- ion Enterprises, Inc., 99 Dasmariñas.
} nila Williamson , Soriano Bldg , Manila zon & Co , Garcia Bldg , Rizal Ave , Manila .
Pasquin , Dionisio M -Chief Ac- Reyes, Julian C --with Philippine Manila Tulio, Artemio L .-- Artemio L. Tulio
Education Co Castellejos , Manila Schnabel , Henry L -Assistant In
countant , Sta . Clara Lumber Co .. & Associates , 328 Visita , Paco, Manila ,
Inc , Manila . Reyes, Pacita G -- 1651 Azcarraga ternal Auditor , Filipinas Cia de Se
Patawaran . guros, Manila . Tulio, Benjamin B. - with Artemio L.
Servando S with St , Manila Tulio & Associates, 328 Visita , Paco,
Francisco G. Alindogan , 543 Sto . Reyes, Ricardo S -Accountant . At Schnabel, Ralph --59 Dupil St , Sta .
Mesa , Manila Manila .
Cristo , Manila . lantic , Gulf and Pacific Co. of Ma Segui, Sotero T - with Artemio L Tulio, Corazon Bwith Artemio 1 .
Pay, George-Assistant to the audit- nila , Manila Tulio & Associates , 328 Visita , Pacu , Tulio & Associates, 328 Visita. Paca
pr.
la
China Banking Corporation . Mani. Reyes , Rodolfo S -Chief Account Manila Manila .
ant , United Motors ( PI ) , 13th Sepidoza , Lourdes T -with Sycip ,
Pay , William- William Pay, 614 Street , Port Area , Manila . Tulio , Ranulfo R .-- Administrative
Velayo , Jose & Co Trade & Com
Trade & Commerce Bldg. , Manila Reyes , Teofilo D - 687-689 Evange. merce Bldg , Manila Secretary, Philippine Institute of Ar
Pena , Constantino de la -- Assistant lista , Quiapo , Manila . Serapio , Concepcion L -with Doc- countants , 304 Burke Bldg . , David -Es
Treasurer, Menzi & Co. Inc .. 183 Reyes, Teofilo Jr --1651 Azcarraga tors Pharmaceuticals , Inc 302 Garcia colta , Manila.
Soler, Manila St , Manila Bldg , Rizal Ave , Manila 0
Pena , Marcela 0 --with American Ulgado , Arnalfo G.-with Alberto V.
Red Cross , U.S Reyes , Vicente E - partner, Valera , Serrano, Dimas - Dimas Serrano, 37
Veteran Administra Seattle St Cubao , Quezon City Garcia & Co. , 505 Jalandoni Bldg . ,
tiion Bldg , Manila Reyes, Mogarte Associates , 207 Ra
ces Hnos , Manila Serrano Jose C .-- Auditor, Elizalde & Dasmariñas, Manila .
Pena . Pedro R — with Rehabilitation Reynoso, Rodolfo , Auditor. Philips Co , Inc Manila . Ungson , Teodoro C. - with Dimabuyo
Financial Corporation , Manila pine Bank of Commerce , Manila Serrano , Wilfrido L --Treasurer, Ser. Accounting offices , Calvo Bldg . , MA
Penas , Arceli P - with Sta Clara Kimando , Isabel V. -1224 San rano Tansportation , 240 Dasmarinas ,
An nila .
Lumber Co Inc , Basilan City dres , Manila Manila
Penalosa , Osias R --General Man- Riparip , Ambrosio L -With Flem Unson , Casto J. Jr.-- 193 España, Ma
ager , Permanent Concrete Products , ing & Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Ma Severino , Edgardo A --with Sycip , nila
Inc 1055 Soler St Manila Velayo, Jose & Co , Trade & Com Unson , Eugenio R .-- with Bank of
nila . merce Bldg , Manila
Peralta , Modesto F - Modesto F. Sia , Lucio F - Lucio F Sia & Co , the Philippine Islands , Bacolod City .
Peralta & Associates , 21 Palomo Bldg . , Rivera , Antonio S .-- Chief Accourt 315 Garcia Bldg Rizal Ave Manila Uson , Clemente - President, Uson
Azcarraga , Manila ant, Tabacalera Insurance Co , 212
Marques de Comillas , Manila Sia , Lucio F - Lucio F Sia & Co Colleges, España , Mannila .
Pesigan , Iluminada S - 60 AJiw - lw . 315 Garcia Bldg , Rizal Ave . Manila
Sta Mesa , Manila Rivera, Crispin M.-Crispin M Ri Urbi, Wilfred C .-- 19 Bagungbayan
Picache, Ceferino M --1243 Santist vera , 133 Plaza Sta . Cruz, Manila Siapuatco , Pedro S. -Bacoor , Cavite , St. , Laoag , Ilocos Norte .
Silva , Simeon M - 362 Coral St ,
ma Trinidad , Manila Rivera , Serafin 0 -6 Dakudao Bldg . , Urgel , Natividad B .--479 Valencia ,
Pichay , Caridad -- with San Pedro St , Davao City Singalong Subd , Manila
Maria de Silvestre, Castor-57 Paco Roman , Sampaloc , Manila.
Leon Transportation , Laoag. Locos Roda , Jaime 0 --with Manila Elec Sta Ana , Manila
Norte tric Company , Manila . Utleg, Santiago A. Santiago A. Ut
Simbulan , Maoario S with Far leg, 131 K-4 Kamuning, Quezon City .
Pickup, Milton H --partner , Flaming Rodil , Amparo F -Accountant , Vi Eastern University , Manila .
sayan Industries, Inc Cebu City Ungria , Alfredo C. de-2310 Makata ,
& Williamson , Soriano Bldg , Manila Rodriguez . Victor Ma -Accountant, Simeon . Donato B --23 Everlansting , Sta . Cruz , Manila .
Pilapil, Panfilo G --20th Century Quezon City.
Shirt Factory , 1026-36 Soler St. Ma Philippine Ready-Mix Concrete Co. Uy, Jose D.- Asst. Chief Accountant,
nila
Simon Conrado Y --Auditor Philip National Abaca & Other Fiber Corp ..
Inc , Manila pine Port Terminal Inc , Manila .
Pimentel , Gabriel L -with Henry Manila .
Romano , Felicidad C - with Radio Sioson , Romeo J -Chief Accountant, V
Hunter
Man
Bayne & Co , 30 Ayala Bldg , wealth , Inc 317 Raon , Manila , Marcelo Enterprises, Malabon , Rizal
ila Ros , Jaime P - 126 - D Pepin , Sam Sison , Jose A --J A Sison & As Valencia , Dominador R.-28 CO
Pineda . Eriberto S 76 Teietos , Ma- paloc , Manila sociates, 411 El Hogar Filipino Bldg , mandante St. , Sta . Cruz, Manila ,
 1951 - 195.2 SIU
N
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK G
138 Trinidad , Ruperto R. 207 Karapa ODIN
Barredo, Alberto Risopatron -- Santia Samp ., Manila tan , Sta . ch
Cruz , Manila Esco
Valencia , Estanislao - Chief Account Lara , Serafin de - 20 Riverside Drive , Trullen , Antonio M.- 68 Dupil ,
ant, Warner Bros. First National Pic go , Chile San Juan , Rizal
tures Inc. , 3rd Floor, Dee C. Chuan Muguruza , Pedro y Otano - Madrid . Ledda , Jaime N.-312 - C Regina Bldg .. Morning Terrace , Manila rn
Spain . Vaidez , Evelio N. - 68 Dupil , Mo E.
Bldg . , Rizal Ave., Manila , Escolta, Manila Kanil
Valdez , Carlos J. - De La Salle Col
Nuetra , Richard J .-- New York , USA Legarda , Vicente - 622 Colorado . ingVerge l po
Quia Mani, laCesar - 516
de , Dios Garcia
Terry , Fernando Belaunde Lima , Rizal 0
leges , Taft Ave. , Manila . Ermita , Manila Bldg . Cesar - 516 Garcia Bldg . ,
Peru Leon, Felino C .-- 312 - C Regina Bldg .,
Valdez , Roman D.-with Rehabilita Walter, RalpW .-New York , U.S.A. Ave.
tion Financial Corp. , PNB Bldg . , Ma Escolta , Manila TO
Waterhouse , Michael M. C.-London, Leon, Jr. , Gabino de -- 718 Union, Pa Vicente , Jr. , Maximo odo ,
nila . Villarin , Adolfo , Samp Manila DES
England co , Manila Inc. , In
Valera , Emilio D. - 418 Sta . Mesa , Acasio, Delfin F .--87 Bolton St. Da Liwanag , Roberto M.-2255 Miseri . Vito , Emilio G. - Marscon ,
Manila . vao City cordia , Sta . Cruz, Manila tramuros , Manila OX
Valera , Jaime 0 , -- partner, Valera , Almazan , Mauro G.724 Caiero, Yamzon , Jose B. 1350 Miserecordia
Lota , Ramon A. - 540 San Lazaro,
Reyes , Mogarte & Associates , 207 Ro Quiapo, Manila Sta . Cruz, Manila Manila
Yatco -Bautista , Aurora 615 Dako SOR
ces Hnos . , Manila . Alquinto , Anselmo T. - 77 - A Del Pan . Lucero , Edmundo G.-202 Calvo Bldg . ,
Vega , Alfredo C. - with Leoncio T. Sta . Ana , Manila Escolta , Manila ta , Ermita , Manila
Mercado & Associates , 206 Maritima Ancheta , Julio V. P.O. Box 15 Zaragoza , Jose M.-1022 R. Hidalgo , : D
Manasan , Andres C .-- 222 Mayhali
Bldg . , Juan Luna , Manila . Cebu City . gue , Sta . Cruz, Manila Manila 7 Z.
Velasco , Angeles T. - with Avelino L. Andrada , Ramon N. - 103 P. Paterno, Maaño, Francisco M. - MWD Arroceros.
Deato , 212 Laperal Bldg . , Rizal Ave .. Tacloban , Leyte . Manila ES
Antonio , Rufino D. -111 Tennesse LEAGUE OF PHILIPPINE
Manila . Manacsa , Tornas de -- 130 Sta . Mesa
Velasco , Gregorio Chief Accountant, Ermita , Manila ARCHITECTS
Blvd. , Manila SE
The Sanitary Steam Laundry Co. , Inc. , Araneta , Luis Ma .- 1050 R. ' Hidalgo , Mañalac , Arturo M. - 640 Evangelis
Quiapo, Manila ta, Quiapo , Manila ( 1950-1951 ) 4. S
Quiapo , Manila . Arellano, Alejandro N.-304 Alcazar , President
Velasquez, Pedro S. - Accountant, Mapua , Orestes - Mapua Inst . of JOSE V. HERRERA
Bldg . , Carriedo , Manila . JOSE L. REYNO ,SO Vice- President
Philippine Steam Navigation Co. , Inc. , Arellano , Juan M. - National Plan Tech ., Manila
Secretary
Mapua , Tomas - Mapua Inst . of ANTONIO V BANAS ,
223 , Dasmariñas, Manila . ning Commission , MWD Building . Ar PABLO D. PANLILIO , Treasurer
Velayo , Alfredo M.-partner , Sycip , Tech ., Manila
Velayo, Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce roceros, Manila . Mariano, Engracio - Rm . 23 , 519 Ri ESTANISLAO DE LA FUENTE , Director TS
Arellano , Oscar -- 105 Guevara Ave. , FEDERICO S. ILLUSTRE, Director
zal Ave. , Manla TOF
Bldg . , Manila . San Juan , Rizal . Marquez , Igmidio A .-- 12 Piy Marga !. FELIPE G. RONQUII LO , Director
Veloso , Antonio Ong - Antonio Ong Arellano , Otilio A. 304 Alcazar ENRIQUE J. L. RUIZ , Director
Veloso, 923 Reina Regente , Manila . Bldg . , Carriedo , Manila . Quezon City VALERIANO V. REYES , Director ( m )
Veloso, Arlinda Ong - Cashier, Cal
Marquez, Jose J.-19 N. Domingo , ? TIC
Arguelles , Carlos D. Arguelles San Juan , Rizal vel
tex ( Phil . ) Inc. , Cebu City . Building , Rizal Ave.
( 1951-1952 )
Martinez , Jr. , Roberto - 3 España JOSE V. HERRERA, President
Vera, Juan A. de Juan A. de Vera Austria , Pacifico — 204 Coral , Tondo , corner Mayon , Quezon City E. J. DE LA FUENTE , Vice - President Doc
Associates , 625 Ongpin St. , Sta . Manila た。 Martinez, Robustiano - Lope Bldg .,
Cruz, Manila . Balogo. Placido - P.O . Box 31 , Baco ANTONIO V. BANAS , Secretary
Araneta , Bacolod City FEDERICO S. ILLUSTRE Treasurer ! :nia
Vicente , Dolores I .-- Malolos, Bulacan , lod City Marzona , Perfecto E. - San Jose, An PABLO S ANTONIO , Director
Victoria , Daniel 0.-with the Au Barretto , Jose G.-720 Echage, Ma
tique MARIANO PINEDA , Director
diting Office , Manila Hotel Co. , Ma nila . Mendoza , Felipe M .-- 110 Victory , ELIAS L. RUIZ , Director
Barretto , Carlos A. - Sta . Ana Racing
nila . San Juan , Rizal FELIX A. SALES, Director ( jml 1c
Vida , Gabriel 0. - Assistant Account Club . Mendoza , Ricardo J. - 69 Fourth St. , acts ,
ant , Menzi & Co., 183 Soler St .. Ma Basa , Ramon D.-250 Bolton St. , Da CORPORATE MEMBERS
vao City
Quezon City
nila . Mercado, Arsenio D. - CAA , Nichols FERNANDO B. ABAD - 1013 Bilibia
- AG
Vijandre , Evangelina V. - with NA Bautista , Pascual 1623 Dapitan , Field , Parañaque Viejo, Manila
Samp . , Manila ‫ܐܐܐܐ‬
RIC , Cabanatuan City . Morales, Benito E. 2212 -C Int., Rizal FILEMON ADAPON- 1626
C. Singa "O À
Beltran , Crisanto J.-Peoples Home
Vijandre , Pacifico V. - Auditor, Vic Ave. , Manila long Extension , Manila
site and Housing Corp. Mundo , Fidencio del -1116- B M. la TEODORO R. ANEL - 758 Dona Rita ,
torias Milling Co. , Inc. , P.O. Box 171 , Benavides , Adolfo B. - 288 Sta . Mesa AT1
Bacolod, Negros Occ . tividad , Sta . Cruz, Manila Caloocan , SCO
Rizal .
Boulevard , Manila Muñoz , Antonio Sta . Cruz , Manila FRANCI V. ANGELES - .1542 Eco
! Villa , Oscar J.-O. Villa & Co. ,
M. R. S. Bldg ., Plaza Cervantes .
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Bernardo , Fernando L. Jr. ,
Constancia , Sampaloc , Manila
310 Muñoz ,
Quiapo , Manila
Antonio E. - 897 Arlegui , nomia , Sampaloc , Manila
PABLO S. ANTONIO - 334 Zamora ,
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nila , Bondoc , Jesus M. 323 Samanillo Nakpil , Angel -- 231 Ortega , Manda
Villamor , Jesus E.-P.O. Box 65. Ce Bldg . , Escolta , Manila Pasay City
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bu City . eva Borromen , Imelda N .-- 18 Sanciang see , Manila
Villanu ,Corazon Y.- with Na co , Cebu City
Nakpil , Ariston R. - 615 Dakota , Er
mita, Manila DEOGRACIAS P. ATIENZA - 2149 Ku " ТО С
sipit Lumber Co. , Inc. , Manila , Borromeo, Narciso G.-206 - B Lardi
Nakpil , Juan F. 615 Box 60 , Manila sang Loob , Marila
Villanueva , Eduardo M.—with Sycip . PEDRO ATIENZA -- R . F. C. Iloilo IS ,
zabal . Sampaloc, Manila Regado, Susano R.-P O. Box 80
Velayo , Jose & Co. , Trade & Commerce Canchela , Cesar - 1219 - C Maria Cris City
Manila 20R
Bldg . , Manila . tina Nera , Domingo R. - 819 España Blvd., GONZALO C. BALAGTAS - P.O . Box
Ta Cañizares , Jose --- Dept. of Architec ni.
Villanueva , Querubin C.-with Manila . 2703 , Manila ΣΙΟ
lisay - Silay Milling Co. , Inc., Talisay, ture, City of Manila FEDERICO E. BARRERA_.125 Tor
Castillo , Lorenzo del - 65 Dimasalang
Nicasio , Vicente F .-- 1343 Oroquieta , tuosa , Sampaloc , Manila
Paco .
Negros Occidental. Sta . Cruz , Manila 210
Villanu eva , Sixto V.-Assistant to San Juan , Rizal ANTONIO V. BANAS - 720 Bambang ,
Nucup , Pedro S.- 1534 V. Tionico,
the Comptroller, Manila Electric Com Caudal , Celia L -40 San Luis , Ri Sn . Fernando , Pampanga Manila
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pany , Manila . zal City Ocampo , Fernando - 324 Calvo Bldg . , ENRIQUE BAUTISTA - 323 Cataluna , cpaloc
Villarosa , Crispin
R.-Accountant , Certeza , Jose C.-516 Garcia Bldg . , Manila
Escolta , Manila SAL
Cebu Royal Plant, San Miguel Bre Rizal Ave. , Manila Ortigas , Valentin D-68 R. Pas NICANOR M. BAUTISTA - 33 Alejan .
Concio , Cesar H. 323 Samanillo dro VI,Sampaloc, Manila
wery , Cebu City . cual , San Juan , Rizal
Villarosa , Maximo S.- 1429 Rizal Bldg. , Escolta , Manila Ortiz , Hospicio L.-347 San Marcell MELCHOR V CALDERON - 301 Nati te, F
Avenue , Manila . Cocadiz , Macario Central Institute . no , Manila vidad Building, Escolta , Manila
M. - Chief Account P. Paredse , Samp. Pascual , Antonio Moray- 1497 Craig. JOSE D , CANIZARES — City Engineer's
Villaseran , Fe Covarrubias , Antonio L. - 604 Arle Office Architectural Section , Mantla
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Floor, Filipinas Bldg . , Manila . gui , Quiapo , Manila . Pardo, Jose S. - Peoples Homesite & An
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Villavecencio , Agustin G.-Field Au Cruz, Guido M. 126 Tetuan , Sta Housing Corp. tonio, Sampaloc, Manila
Cruz , Manila . Paterno, Avelino - 312 Regina Bldg . , MARIO B. CAPULE - 26 Sto . Tomas .
ditor General Auditing Office , Ma VATO
Cruz, Pablo S. - 1964 Leveriza , Rizal Escolta , Manila Quezon City Rosario
nila . Paz , Francisco de la -- 1226 Azearra PICARDO A. CARDENAS - 925 Mag
Violan, Ernesto D.-Bolton St. , Da City 10 G
Cunanan , nAgestal - 640 Evangelista . ga , Manila dalena , Manila
vao City . Paz , Isidro de la -- 1226 Azcarraga , CRESENCIO C. DE CASTR -1274 360 T
Vitug , Romarico G.-Examiner, Bu Quiapo, Manila
Da Silva , Carlos E.-1228-E Pennsyl Manila Taft Avenue , Manila
reau of Internal Revenue , Manila . Pedraza , Ramon P. - 1543 Andalucia , MACARIO B. COCADIZ -- 508 P , Pa
Warren , Daniel P .-- with The Shell vania , Manila до т
Dedel , Ruth Bagtas - Dept. of Arch . Sta . Cruz , Manila redes , Manila * . Stree
Co. of P.I. Ltd. , Manila . Peralta , Carlos C.-18 M. Miranda, PEDRO C. CORDERO -- 212 Hollyv: ood 0 1
Wong , Felix P.-210 F. Gonzales , City of Manila
Duque , Purisimo V. -104 Celeridad , San Juan , Rizal Drive, San Juan , Rizal
Cebu City Peralta , Ramon - Malacañan Palace, ANTONIO L , COVARRUBIAS - 804 Ar DIO VI
Yambao, Ricardo P. - Ricardo P. Rizal City Manila
Edades , Victorio G. 27 Pilar, San legui , Quiapo , Manila LOR
Yambao,. 203 Claveria St. , Davao City Perez , Gaudioso V.-2 Lingayen , Sta . PABLO S. CRUZ -280 Leveriza . Pasay Pro
Yan , Jesus A. T. Accountant , Juan , Rizal .
Sun City :
Escuadro , Julian C. - 44 Clementina , Mesa , Manila
Life of Canada , Singson Bldg . , Manila . Rizal City Perez, Guillermo G.45 Guevara, ANTONIO S. DIMALANTA - 1300 Es
Yap , Marcelino T. - Misamis Аса - San Juan , Rizal trada , Manila SEMICA
Espejo . Conrado C. - 2307 Taft Ave Pineda , Mariano S. - Bureau of Pub BERNARDO M. DUMADAG -6 / c Div
demy , Ozamis City . nue Ext . , Rizal City LIPPI :
Yaptinchay . Virginia Y .-- Assistant lic Works , Manila ision of Architecture, B. P. W.
Espino, Rodolfo L. c/o Amon Trad Raffiñan , Mercedes - 421 Samanillo Dapitan , HEMIC
Director, Exchange : Control' Div .,
ing , Port Area
ALFREDO Y. DIZON-547
Central Bank of the Phil ., Manila , Bldg . , Manila Manila
Fajardo, Franciso B. 516 Garcia Ramos, Aniceto 6.55 Paraiso , San VICTORIO C. EDADES - 900 Gov.
Ynchausti, Celestino de — with Flem Bldg . , Rizal Ave. , Manila 011
ing and Williamson , Soriano Bldg. , Juan , Rizal Forbes , Manila 1 Esp
Feliciano, Benamin - c / o Chief Eng . Ramos , Faustino G.- 55 Paraiso , San CARLOS A. ELORIAGA --551 P. Pa
Manila . S.
HNDF , Camp Murphy , Q.C. Juan , Rizal redes , Manila
Ynchausti, Rodrigo E. 1515 General San Juan , Rizal Refe , Gregorio V. - 7 - B Visayan Ave. , BENJAMIN E EMMANUEL_428 Ca eta A
Luna, Ermita Manila . Ferriols , Rosauro R.-3 H. Lozada . taluna , Manila 5 Dal
Yuchengco , Alfonso T. -166 Rosario Florenda, Carlos V.-P.O. Box 5109 , Quezon City Quich
Rivera ,
Gines F. - 900 Göv . Forbes , ROMAN Y. ENCARNACION - EO Data , S of
St. , Manila . Manila
Zabarte , Eduardo - with Fleming & Flores, Rogelio P. - 5 J. Basa , San Manila Quezon City on T
Rocha , Julio V. - College of Arch . , JOSE M. ESTRADA - 56 D. Reyes , Pa
Williamson , Soriano Bldg . , Manila , Juan , Rizal Jose
Zafra , Wenceslao P .-- with Manila U.S.T. say City
Gabriel, Antonio S. 547 Galicia ,
Rubio , Vicente M .-- 122 19 de Junio,
FILEMON EUGENIO - 78 Zurba -
C Prosper
Electric Co. , Manila Sampaloc , Manila ran , Int . 1 Manila
Zerrudo, Jose L. - Jose L. Zerrudo, Galvez , Nelson A. - 7 - A Villa , San Solis , Manila ANTONIO FABIAN --- 10th Avenue, I Felic
Masonic Temple Bldg . , Iloilo City Juan , Rizal . Ruiz , Elias L. - 675 Legarda , Sampa
loc , Manila race Park , Manila
Zialcita , Benigno Jr.- 157 Shaw Garcia , Isabelo - 1951 Int . 5 San Juan SABINO G. FERNANDEZ-527 - B Avi Oplana
Rizal
Salgado , Alfredo L.-271 Buendia ,
Blvd. , Mandaluyong, Rizal . les , Manila ACTIU
Zulueta , Jesus S .-- Jesus Zulueta & Garcia , Enrique C. -135 Sargento Ma Rizal City
Sanbenito, ESTANISLAO J. DE LA FUENTE Angel E
Antonio B. - 325 Saman
Co. , 201 Soriano Bldg . , Manila . riano , Rizal City illo Bldg . , Escolta , Manila 40 Tangab , Quezon City colony.
Zulueta , Juan T - 35 - B Mariveles Garcia , Juan P. 46 Brixton Hill , Santos , Carlos A. Viola - 1665 Gral . FELICISIMO B. FUENTES- 1313 Jose PIANO
St. , Quezon City . Sta Mesa , Manila Luna , Paco, Manila Malibay , Pasay City
Gavino , Luis G. - 615 Dakota , Ermi San Buenaventura , Diogenes T. RUPERTO C. GAITE - 104 Tejeros, Inila
ta , Manila . 420 Lamayan , Sta . Ana , Manila Makata , Rizal Jose
Gervasio , Juan C.-71 Colayco , Rizal Sarosario -Go , Luz - National Plan CARLOS B. GAON- 187 Polo Road . tiez
ARCHITECTS City . ning Commission , Manila Pasay City wortels Jari
Gomez , Jose C.-2 Outlook Drive , Segura , Gregorio G. - Ibarra St .. AUGUSTO C. GARCIA - 414 Pennsyl Yanila ,
PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF Baguio City Cebu City can . Gec
ARCHITECTS vania , Manila
Gonzales , Claro U .-- 202 Calvo Bldg . , Serra , Antonio E.- c /o City En BUENAVENTURA C. GUZMAN - 32 D. Hanila ;
Jose M. Zaragoza , president Escolta , Manila gineer, Iloilo City Reyes, Pasay City 0 Ferro
Carlos E. Da Silva , vice -presider.t Guerrero , Fernando Ma . ( Jr . ) - Soco Sindiong , Antonio --- 23 Tuberias , San IRINEO S. GOZUM - Longos, Mala
Adolfo B. Benavidez , secretary ny , Isaac Peral , Manila Juan , Rizal bon . Rizal Adri
Felipe M. Mendoza , treasurer . Guerrero, Roberto Ma . - 312 Alvarez , JOSE V. HERRERA -1115 F. Huertas,
( Miss ) Celestina B. Benavidez, sim . Soriano, Simoun T. 893 Prudencio , • Co., B
Sta . Cruz , Manila . España, Manila Manila
sec . Gutierrez , Gregorio P. Admiral Plante
Gines F. Rivera , director. Apts . , Dewey Blvd. Tablante , Eulogio Y.- 54 P. Burgos , JOSE D. HINLO -23 New York, Que rs
Conrado C. Espejo , director Guzman , Cenon de 5 Cementina , Cebu City zon City
Tan , Florencio K.- 200 Mendoza , FEDERICO S. ILLUSTRE - 415 Garcia Juar
Edmundo G. Lucero, director Rizal City Quiapo , Manila
Domingo R. Nera , director Guzman , Dominador de - 453 - C An Teotico , Antonio A. - 104 San Carlos , Building, Rizal Avenue , Manila
Evelio N. Valdes , director tonio , Sampaloc , Manila MIGUEL P. LABRADOR - 1053 San Paul J
San Juan , Rizal
Honorary Member Herrera , Lutgarda R. 615 Dakota , Er Tiongson - Aldaba , Beatriz - Malolos, Diego , Manila
MANUEL LUIS QUEZON mita , Manila ARTEMIO 0. LAPUZ - 201 State
Bulacan
Manila , Philippines Isip , Conrado B. - 326 Samanillo Bldg .. Toledo , Antonio M. - Bureau of Pub Building , Rizal Avenue , Manila 3. Abrah
( Posthumous Award ) Escolta , Manila
LAYGO -843 Na Plant
Member Emeritus Jesus, Enrique de -- 7 Mabolo, Sta . lic Works , Manila BENEDICTO R. Maria
ndras. CE
HAROLD H. KYES
Topacio , Leonardo-35 Gen , Topacio, Cristina , Manila
Cruz , Manila Techn
Jesus, Juan de- 1051 Dart, Paco , Ma Imus Cavite MANUEL S. LEGASPI-111 H. Loza o
Corresponding Members Trinidad , Gerardo M. - 1934 Felix
niia da , San Juan , Rizal 2. Antor
Amaral, Francisco Keil -- Lisbon , Por
tugai. Jingco , Ramon S.-301 -A Cataluña . Manila
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 139
ANDRES LUNA DE SAN PEDRO- 120 Altarejos , Affero-c /o Naga Coca Enriquez , Antonio A. - 316 G. Tua dela Carlota , La Carlota , Negros Occ .;
V. Mapa , Nagtahan , Manila Cola Plant , Naga City ; zon , Manila ; Leal , Alberto P.- 1191 - B Migeulin St. ,
BERNARDINO O. LOZADA - 204 Burke Amado , Gregorio Escasa , Alfeo Phil . Manufacturing Sampaloc , Manila ;
Building, Escolta , Manila Amagna , Severo - c / o National Univ Co. , Velasquez , Tondo , Manila ; Legarda , Benito 1011 R. Hidalgo,
JOSE C. MATIAS - 1034 Bilibid Viejo , ersity, Manila ; Escolano, Jaime 0.-Intanta , Quezon : Manila ;
Manila Espino, Felix V.-916 A. Mabini , Ma Legaspi, Ludovico F .-- 110 Blumen
BENITO E. MORALES - 2212 Rizal Angeles , Domingo -- 1497. Economia , tritt , San Juan , Rizal ;
late , Manila ; de
Avenue , Manila Sampaloc, Manila ; Leon , Eduardo M.
Espinosa , Jose C.-1 Guevarra , San Leon , Jose de-Parañaque , Rizal;
ANTONIO P. MOREY - 728 Quezon Angeles , Marciano-- Insular Sugar
Boulevard , Manila Mand ong , Rizal , Juan , Rizal; Leon , Ricardo de Bacolod-Murcia
ROBERTO A. NOVENARIO 459 P
Refining Corp., Espiritu , Jose E. Mabolo , Bacoor,
Angeles, Paterno -414 Fundidor, San
Mill Co. , Bacolod City :
Rada , Tondo , Manila Cavite ; Leyson , Inocencio - 1435 Abreau , San
ARISTIDES S. ONRUBIA - 57 - E Gea . Nicolas, Manila ; Estanislao , Demetrio - 49 N. Domingo , Miguel , Manila .
San Migeul , Caloocan , Rizal Aquino , Jesus G.-317 España Ext., San Juan , Rizal; Lim , Luis H. - 721 Dominguez Alfon
BASILIO N. ORENCIANA --82 Alvarez Quezon City ; Estaris , Jovito M .-- Pozorrubio , Pan so , Malate , Manila ;
Linville , Frank Allison - 2617 Easton
Manila Aquino, Juan A .-- Gerona , Tarlac ; gasinan ;
Drive , Burlingame , California , U.S.A ..
ANDRES ORTIZ - 1608 Mercedes, Ma Aragon , Simeon P. Cebu Royal Estrellado , Pedro Locsin , Carlos - Victorias Milling Co.,
late , Manila Plant , San Miguel Brewery Inc., Cebu Evalle , Tiburcio - c'o Patent Office ,
PABLO D. PANLILIO714 Pennsyl Victorias , Occ . Negros ;
City ; Manila , Locsin , Manuel V .-- Victorias Milling
Tania , Manila
ELPIDIO Z. SALVADOR_762, Carola , Araos , Vivencio - Pacific Oxy - Acety Evangelista , Jose E. - c / o Phil. Ma Co. , Victorias , Occ . Negros ;
Manila lene Co. , Malabon . Rizal ; nufacturing Co. , Velasquez , Tondo , Lomban , Josefina - Colegio de Sta .
ENRIQUE SAN JUAN-339 F. B. Har Arguelles, Angel S. Institute of Manila ; Rizal , Naga City ;
rison , Pasay City Science, Manila ; Feliciano, Ramon T.-West Point , Lontoc , Luciano - Tipas, Pasig, Rizal ;
LORETO SENORAN --57 Arayat, Que Aseoche, Juan-c/o Mindanao Col Minnesota , Quezon City ;
cor . , Lopez , Eusebio C. – Fabrica , Negros
zon City Fernandez , Jose G.-Infantry, P. C. Occidental;
JUA N A. ON SISada -- 1448 Estr , Ma- leges , Davao City ; Lotho, Conrado E .--81 del Pan , Sia .
Baco , Sixto C.- 105 Boulevard Ext . , Head Chemist , CIB , G - 2 , GHO, Camp
nila Crame, Quezon City : Ana , Manila ;
MANUEL C. SORIANO_893 Pruden Lozada , Fernando R. Bais Sugar
Baclaran , Parañaque, Rizal ; Fernandez, Hugo B. -Binmaley , Pan
cio , Sampaloc , Manila Balce , Sofronio — c / o Central, Or . Negros ;
SIMOUN T. SORIANO College ot Araneta Instit gasinan ; I.ucas , Adriano A. Laoag, Ilocos
Architect , U.ST., Manila ute of Agriculture , Grace Park , Calo Fernandez , Pio F. c / o Coca - Cola Norte ;
CESAR TORRES --Manila ocan , Rizal ; Plant , Davao City ;
ALFREDO T. TUNGPALAN -E South Basilio, N -- Angeles Pam
Luzuriaga , Agustin de-- Maao Sugar
Paterno Ferreria , Cayetano - International Oil Central Co. , Occ . Negros ;
A Street , Quezon City panga ; Factory , San Juan , Rizal ; Luzuriaga , Eduardo de-Central Azu .
RAMON TICHANGCO - 5 Mango Ave Bautista , Antonio Bautista ,
C. - 4 Fragante, Vicente - Canlubang Sugar carera de Bais , Occ . Negros ;
nue , Caloocan , Rizal Mabanta , Paciano - F . F. Halili En
JOSE M. VIBAR, JR . - 420 Samanillo Malabon , Rizal ; Estate, Canlubang Laguna;
Building, Escolta , Manila Bautista , Elpidio N - 693 - A . GOV . Franco, Salvador Jr. No. 43 San terprises , Balintawak , Quezon City ;
JOSE C. VILLANUEVA - 876 Rizal Juan St., Rizal City ; Magbitang, Reynaldo Bigaa , Bula
Forbes , Sampaloc, Manila ;
Avenue , Manila Fuente, Valentín de la---Phil . Indus can ;
Laguni, Bejar , Antonio B.-Phil . Refining Magueflor, Francisco - C / O Bureau of
LEONARDO VINLUAN-322 Co. , Pandacan , Manila ; trial Equipment Co. , 111 - Moserco Bldg . ,
Manila Port Area , 17th St. , Manila ; Plant Industry , Manila ;
JUNIOR MEMBERS Belen , Jose M. - c / o Iloilo Coca - Cola Gaitos , Petronilo - 380 Libertad , Rizal Manago , Augusto 1210 Tennessee
MANUEL C. AF ABLE C / O Division Plant, Iloilo City ; Int. 1 , Manila ;
of Architects, Bureau of Public Works, City : Mapili , Nicanor D.- 161 Rubi St. , Saa
Bello , Romulo 712 Evangelista ,
Garcia , Isidro Jr. 2033 O'Donnell, Andres Subdivision , Manila ;
Manila Quiapo, Manila ; Institute of
JOSE T. AGUIRRE - 675 Gov. Forbes . Manila ; Maranon, Joaquin
Apt. 4 Manila Beltran , German c / o Coca -Cola Garcia , Jose N. c / o San Miguel Science , Manila ;
ANTONIO ASCALON- 9th Street , Ca- Plant, Bacolod City ; Brewery , San Miguel , Manila ; Marasigan , Marcelo 441 Tennessee ,
pitol Subdv . Bacolod City Bernaldes , Dominador A.- Superin Garcia, Norma Arevalo - Biñan , La
JOSE J. ATIENZA -201 Burke Build Manila ;
tencent Fabrication & Chief Chemist, guna ; Masaganda , Benito -- 1017 Crais , Salla
Escolta , Manila Danao Sugar Central , Toboso , Occ . García , Roque - The Shell Co. of P.I. ,
CARLOS BANAAG - c / o College 0 ! paloc , Manila ;
Negros ; Ltd. , Hongkong - Shanghai Bank Bldg . , Medina , Florencio South 9th St. ,
Architecture , U.S.T.
BENEDICTO G. BATOL - 515 Herbosa , Bernardo , Isagani-Phil . Manufac Manila ; Diliman , Quezon City ;
turing Co. , Velasquez , Tondo , Manila ; Gasendo , Le do M. C / O Coca a
Mendoz , Maximo Jr. 12 Nevada ,
Tondo , Manila
AUGUSTO V. BARRETTO922 -A San Bernardo, Mariano , Cola Plant , Bacolod City : Cobao , Quezon City ;
Marcelino , Manila Gianan , Teresita Medrano, Ernesto - CADP, Nasugbu ,
Billano, Mamerto V .--Colegio de San
AUGUSTO C. PAREDES — C'0 Division Gloria , Manuel c/ o Bueno's Clinic , Batangas ;
of Architects, Bureau of Public Works Agustin , Iloilo City ; Mina , Juanito - Hawaiian Phil . Su
Blanco , Benjamin S. - co University Dumaguete City :
Manila of the East, Azcarraga , Manila ; Gomez , Francisco 50 Laon-Laan , gar Central , Silay , Occ . Negros;
RICARDO R. POBLETE - 1616 Wash Miranda , Moises -- 136 Castanos, Sam
ington , Manila Borromeo , Jaime Quezon City ; paloc , Manila ;
GLICERIO L. QUIJANO - 6 Tomes Bravo , Justo Gonzales , Florentino T.-2254 Juan
Buenaventura , Emiliano
Mondala , Alejandro
Claudio, Paco , Manila S. - 40 M. Luna, Manila ; Montenegro , Nicolas Polo Plant ,
SIMPLICIO G. RIVERA - 1719 Sulu , Sioson St. , Malabon , Rizal ; Gonzales, Jesus-- San Miguel Brewery , San Miguel Brewery, Polo , Bulacan
Manila Bunuan , Vicente Jr. - Co Coca - Cola Manila ; Morata , Luis - Central Azucarera de
ARMANDO Q. ROLLOLAZO— 833 Ca Plant, Pandacan , Manila ; San Pedro, Nasugbu , Batangas ;
rola , Sampaloc , Manila Gopez , Artemio A , 1259 B. San
JOSE M. SALAZAR - 3 Libertad , Jaro , Bustos, Virgilio C. - 534 P. Paterno, Diego , Sampaloc, Manila ; Morelos, Romeo M.-Mapua Institute
Quiapo, Manila ; Greeman , Leonard F.-Capiz , Capiz ; of Technology , Manila ;
Iloilo City
FELIX SALES - C / O Division of
A, Buted , Jose S .-- 277 Prudencio St. , Guerrero, Toribio S. - c / o Coca - Cola Moreno , Rafael-San Miguel Brewery ,
Architecture , Bureau of Public Works , Sampaloc, Manila ; Plant , San Juan , La Union ; Manila ;
Manila Guevara , Roberto G. 5 Benedicto Moya, Leon G. Talisay, Negros Occ .;
JOSE L. SANTIAGO- C /O Luisa & Cabansag , Calixto P .-- 255 Apelo Cruz , Munarriz , Faustino A ---27 E. Fer
Rizal City ; St. , Jaro , Iloilo City :
Sons , Quezon Boulevard , Manila nandez , San Juan , Rizal ;
ANTONIO A. SERRANO -718 Bam- Campos , Alberto M. Jr.- 31 12th St. , Guray, Jose--- Vacua, Cesar D --Cebu Royal Palit,
La Loma, Quezon City : Herrero , Ramon - C / O University 0
bang, Manila Cebu City :
FORTUNATO T. SORIANO - Rizal the East, Azcarraga , Manila ;
Campos , Irineo M. -2758 Felix Huer Nubla , Marcial 125 Batangas St ,
Street, Rosario, Cavite tas, Manila ; Hilado, Alforso 43 Libertad , St. ,
JACINTO G. TANGCO - 147 Solis , Bacoiod City ; Manila ;
Canonigo , Alfonso Cebu Portland Naguiat, Sergio F. Angeles Pari
Manila Hontiveros, Alejandro P.-914 Dakota ,
EUSEBIO TIONG -324 Dasmarinas, Cement Co. , Naga , Cebu ; panga ;
Malate, Manila ; Nicolas, Pablo M. -32 Ale'endro VI ,
Manila Capati, Gerardo San Miguel Royal Icasiano, Vicente R .-- 1117 Oroquieta ,
MARIANO T. TOLENTINO -30 A
Plant, Pandacan, Manila ; Sampaloc , Manila ;
Manila ;
Cristobal Street , Quezon City Oca , Johnny S.-M. Salvaror, San
RICARDO T. TY_f538 T. Pinpin , Cardenas , Ricardo P. - 405 Aviles, San inovero , Manuel G. - 1284 B. Cons Juan , Rizal ;
Manila Miguel , Manila ; tancia , Sampaloc , Manila ;
HONORIO VIGO_ -59 R. Papa , Manila Ocoma , Estanislao M. - NDC Apt . 25
Casco , Elpidio Isaac , Federico G.- 1832 Sulo , Sta . Pureza , Manila ;
SALVADOR F. PADILLA- R i za l Ong, Alfredo 340 Madrid , San
Castasus, Narciso -- Central Vegetable Cruz , Manila , VI
Street , Centro Albay , Legaspi City Oi Co. , Otis, Fan lacan , Manila ; Jacinto , Mario -- 384 A. Mabini, Calo curas, Manila ;
Castro , Fred E. - 1911 Diamante , San ocan , Rizal ; Opiana , Gil Institute of Science ,
CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Andres, Manila ; Jalandoni, Roberto L. 76 Gen. Manila ;
Castro , Helio de Coca - Cola Plant, Hughes , Iloilo City ; Orig , Aurelio Rosario - San Miguel
PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF Naga City ; Brewery , Manila ;
Jamora , Ernesto B. Lopez Sugar
CHEMICAL ENGINEERS Central, Fabrica Occ . Negros ; Osenop , Jose A.- 155 F. Roman St. ,
P.O. BOX 438 , MANILA PHILIPPINES Cinco , Gerardo - De La Salle College , San Juan , Rizal ;
Taft Avenue, Manila , 2315 Int . Miseri Jesus, Dominador de - Mapua Instit
Officers of 1951. ute of Technology, Marila ; Pabalan , Luis M.- The Shell Co. of
cordia ;
Felix V. EspinoPresident Jesus , Jose O. de Jr.--58 Guzman , P. I. Ltd. , Hongkong -Shanghai Bank
Vivencio S. Araos - Vice -President Claudio , Pedro A. 379 Libertad , Pa Bldg . , Manila ;
San Juan , Rizal ;
Magdalena Alde - Templa- Secretary say , Rizal ;
jesus , Liberato S. de --50 Rizal St. , Palanca , Leoncio A .--Victorias , Ne
Augustus Damian - Treasurer Clemente, Amando--University of the Malabon , Rizal ; gros Occ .;
Rufino Quicho - Auditor Philippines, Diliman , Quezon City : Pangan , Mariano - 973 P. Noval , Ma
Members of the Board of Directors : Clemente , Fidel C. - Paombong, Bu Jesus, Simeon de
Jimenez , Jose T. c'o Coca - Cola nila ;
Dr. Ramon T. Feliciano , Dr. Angel S. lacan ;
Paranpan , Vicente Silay - Hawaiian
Arguelles , Jose C. Espinosa, Gerardo Plant, Bacolod City ;
Cobangbang, Antonio U. - Phil. Ma Jimenez , Rodolfo y Giongco -- Phil. Central , Occ . Negros;
Cinco. Prospero Uy - Barreta . nufacturing Co. , Velasquez , Tondo , Manufacturing Co. , Velasquez , Tondo , Pascaran , Andres - Tumawini, Isa ne
UTOP Delegates : -Felix V. Espino , Manila ;
Manila ; la ;
Ramon T. Feliciano , Vivencio S. Araos Coligado, Ulpiano - OPHIR Products , Paulino , Deogracias P. 1948 Juan
Benito Legardo, Alfredo Villa -Abrille , Malabon , Rizal : Jimeno , Eleuterio C. - 498 Concepcion
Gil O. Opiana, Eduardo Taylor . St. , Butuan City , Agusan ; Luna Int. 9 , Manila ;
Cordero , Claro Pilapil , Francisco P. - Cebu Shipyard
ACTIVE MEMBERS Crisostomo, Hernienegildo --- 81 - C Joco , David C. - 18 - F Roxas , Obrero,
A. Manila ; and Mech . Eng . Work, Opon , Ceb'i ;
Abad. Angel B. - c / o Mapua Institute C. Herrera St., Barrio Obrero, Manila ; Pimentel, Isabel
of Technology, Manila ; Kepler, Oscar Leslie 18 - F Roxas ,
Abalos, Ricardo --- Cristobal, Fortunato - 1220 Tuberias, Obrero , Manila ; Pinero , Carmen F.- 199 YWCA , Le
Abdon , Guillermo A.-MDW , 176 Aro- Quiapo , Manila ; Khu, John B.–133 Gen. Solano St. , panto , Sampaloc , Manila ;
ceros, Manila ; Cruz, Bartolome V. - Malolos, Bula Manila ; Planas, Jose - 1734 Oroquieta , Manila ;
Abreu , Jose M. - Phil. Manufacturing can ; Kintanar, Pablo R. - Headquarters 3rd Posa , Elias G.- Lopez Sugar Central
Co , Velasquez , Tondo , Manila ; Cruz , Juanito 20 F Bautista St., Armed Forces Depot . AFP. Ordualice Mill Co. , Inc., Fabrica , Negros Occ .:
Abustan, Javier --511 Legarda , Sam San Francisco del Monte, Quezon City Supply Branch, Cebu City ;
Fosadas , Arminn - 35 Iba , Sta . Mesa
paloc, Manila ; Heights, Quezon City ;
Adamson , George L. - Adamson Triy- Daag, Angel - Betis , Guagua , Pani Kilayko, Victorino M.-802 Dakota , Primero , Elpidio - Central Azucarera
ersity, Manila ; panga ; Malate , Manila ,
de Tarlac, San Miguel, Tarlac :
Adriano, Felipe T. - San Miguel Bre- Dacanay . Placido P. Jr. 728 Gov. Kong, Kuan -- 123 M. H. del Pilar, Principe , Teodosio - Gumaca , Quezon :
wery, Manila ; Forbes , Sampaloc, Manila : Grace Park , Rizal; Pugeda , Jose V .-- San Miguel Royal
Afroilan , Adriano P.-Central Luzon Labog , Agustin P. - c / o Institute of Soft Drinks, Pandacan , Manila ;
Milling Co. , Bamban , Tarlac , Dakay , Cesar D.- 64 P. del Rosario Science , Manila ; Quemel, Nestor A. -Kawit , Cavite ;
St. , Cebu City : Lacanienta , Ruben M .-- YMCA , Con
Agdeppa, Alfredo V. — c / o Bogo -Me Quesadas, Augusto A.- 165 J. Berlin ,
dellin Planters ' Ass ., Inc., Medellin , Damian , Augustus - Rockkwell Power cepcion , Manila ; Manila :
Cebu ; Station , Meralco , Manila ; Laforteza , Anselmo M .-- 114 South Quicho , Rufino Bureau of Mines ,
Agsalon , Juan--58 Mansana , Sampa Darvin , Honesto T. - Imus Cavite ; 19th St., Peoples Homesite , Quezon
City ; Manila ;
loc, Man ! la ; Diokno . Clarita --- 2033 Ilustre , Sia . Raymond , Carlos Bell - Bais Central ,
Akot, Raul J. - Overseas Gas Corp., Cruz, Manila ; Laosantos , Gregorio Y. 460 Pavia
Int., Tondo, Manila ; Negros Oriental;
4th Avenue , Grace Park , Caloocan , Delalamon , Prospero G .- Recto , Antonio S. -- 21 Blumentritt
Rizal ; Dios Mateo de - c / o Uson Colleges , Larrabaster, Juan Bais Central,
St. , Sta . Cruz , Manila ;
Negros Oriental; La Carlota ,
Allado, Abraham E - C / o San Juan España St. , Manila ; Laurito , Antonio M. Regner , Domingo S.
Coca - Cola Plant, San Juan , La Union ; Dizon , Tomas y Santos Carmona ,
Cavite ; Negros Occ .;
Candelario - Cebu Instit Echavaria , Benjamin Cebu Metro
Lava , Vicente G. Jr. -Institute of Reunilla , Jose T. Jr.-- c / o Coca -Cola
Almendras.
Technology Drug , Cebu City ; Plant , Iloilo City ;
ute of , Cebu City ; Science , Manila ;
Alonzo , Antonio M. Ejercito, Telesforo -- Bureau of Mines, Reyes , Artemio -47 A. Flores St. , San
Manila : Layug, Genaro S. - Central Azucarera Pablo City ;
 1 +0 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Reyes , Celedonlo c / o Coca -Cola Villa -Abrille , Alfredo San Miguel Navarro, Conrado P. G. Araneta , Inc., Manila .
Padiernos , Virginia F. - 1779 -A Anda- Capinpin , Renato I.-Jr. Soil Tech
Plant, Davao City ; Brewery , Manila ;
lucia , Sampaloc , Manila ; nologist, DSSC-Los Baños, Laguna .
Reyes , Edgardo Paz Institute of Villacorta , Lamberto V.-Modern Re-
search Laboratories , 888 Rizal Avenue, Palad , Samson P.- 15 Rizal Avenue , Casa , Juan C .-- Agric'l Appraiser ,
Manila
Reyes,, Franc
Science ;
isco 807 Washington , Manila ; RFC -Calinog , Iloilo .
Manila ;
Lepanto, Manila ; Villaluz, Agustin - 918 Morayta , Sam- Panique, Ramona -- National Univer- Chuidian , Antonio A. - Progressive
Reyes, Jose P. - Cebu Portland Ce paloc , Manila ; sity , Manila ; Farmer - Nasugbu, Batangas.
Quioque , Tomas T. 1307 -Apt . 20 Celino, Martin S.-Soil Biologist,
ment Co. , Cebu City ; Villano , Manuel
Reyes , Marcelino - 44 M. H. del Pilar Villareal , Ernesto P .-- NDC Puip & Gov. Forbes ; DSSC-- San Pablo City.
St. , Pasig . Rizal ; Paper Mill , Mandaluvong . Rizal ; Regudo , Felonilo C.-357 G. Tuazon , Costa , Paulino - Teacher in Agricul
Reyes, Mario 117 Tolentino St. , Villena , Ricardo - 227 Batanes , Sam- Sampaloc Manila ; ture - Indang, Cavite .
Crucillo , Cornelio V. -Member , Na
Rizal City paloc, Manila ; Reyes , Jose C.-638 Batangas, Ma
Reynes, Victoreno Cebu Institute tional Research Council - 1025 Guido
nila ;
Vivencio, Cereal A. -Navotas, Rizal ; Salon , Dionisio T. 469 - A Antonio te , Isla de Balut , Tondo , Manila .
of Technology, Cebu City ; Westly , Eimar T.-Eng . Equipment Cruz , Cornelio --Geologist & Sugar
Rivera , Andres - Dongalo , Parañaque, & Sunply Co., 174 Marquez de Comi St. , Sampaloc , Manila ; Planter--Silay , Negros Occ .
Rizal ; las . Manila ; Tejada , David P.-Lopez Sugar Cen Cruz , Jose de la -- Agric'l Engineer
Rivera , Wilfredoc/o San Miguel Yenko , Flaviano M. Institute of tral, Fabrica Occ . Negros; 104 Leyte , Singalong Subd ., Manila .
Tucay , Tomas E. 991 P. Leoncio, Cruz, Marcos de la Jr. Soil Tech
Brewery's
Robles , Gonzalo of Civil;
Polo , Bulacan
Polo Plant , Bureau Science, Manila
Zaragosa ;
, Bienvenida_Cr ime Labor- Sampaloc, Manila ; nologist , DSSC- 1243 Arligue , Manila .
Yaneza, Facundo L - 46 B. A. Lake , Cruz, Ramon A. -Rice Planter - Tan
Service, Manila ; atory , Manila Police Dept., Manila :
Roces , Benito Zayco, Hermenegildo Jr .-- c/o Phil . San Juan , Rizal ; Cavite .
Rosales, Hermenegildo - Central Azu Refining Co. , Isaac Peral . Manisa ; Yap , Anastacio P. Jr. -43 -Lusicot St. , Cruz, Roberto F.-Jr. Soil Techno
carera de San Pedro , Nasugbu , ba Zonaga , Angel-Mabolo , Bacoor, Ca- Quezon City ; logist , DSSC-- Teresa , · Rizal.
tangas ; vite : Yap , Roman T.-539 Juan Luna St., Cruz , Santiago R. - Senior Agric't
INDUSTRIAL MEMBERS Manila : Engineer, BPI- 1432 P. Guevarra , Ma
Rosales , Miguel - Bais Sugar Central ,
nula .
RosarioOriental
Negros ;
, Alitonio
Compania Celulosa de Filipinas --- C / O
del Palmolive Tabacalera , Marquez de Comillas. Ma David , Rafael T. - Agricultural Ap
Peet , Makati , Rizal , nila ; SCIENCE praiser, RFC - Balanga , Bataan .
Rosario , Arsenio del - 1029 A. Ver- Lopez Sugar Central Co. , Inc.-- Fa Dingayan , Alfonso B.-Jr. Soil Tech
gara , Manila : brica , Negros Occ .; SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF rologist, DSSC - Muñoz , Nueva Ecija .
Marcelo Rubber & Latex Product THE PHILIPPINES Dinulos. Conrado G. - Sugar Planter
Roxas , Virginia E. 1243 Arlegui, . - Cabuyao, Laguna .
Inc. -20 Bonifacio St. , Malabon , Rizal ;
Quiapo, Manila ; Founded September 1947 Domantay. F. Eng'r .
S.- Mech . ,
Ruiz, Mariano Nacional Develop Philippine Manufacturing Company
Soil Conservation Bldg, Florida KCPA - 1546 Andalucia , Sampaloc , Ma
ment Co. , Pureza , Manila ; Central , -Myers
San Miguel Manila ; Inc.
Bldg . , Brewery Aviles . nila .
Manuel -Bais P. O. Box 1848, Manila Ludovico L .-- Asst . Ρτον .
Sagarbarria , 1951 Officers Engle,
Negros, Oriental ; Manila : Agric'l Supervisor, Iloilo - Sara , Iloilo .
Theo . H. Davies & Co. , Far East , Ltd. Dominador Z. Rosell , President Enrile, Pablo C. -Field Assist ., Sugar
Salazar , Jaime R. -Pasig , Rizal; -Ayala Bldg . , Manila ; Santiago R. Cruz , Vice President Expt . Station -- Los Baños, Laguna .
Salcedo, Ignacio- University of the ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Crispiniano C. Hernandez , Treasurer Español, Filemon E .-- Lumberman
Philippines ; Diliman , Quezon City : Alba , Rodolfo R - 406 Isabel , Sam Ramon Samaniego, Secretary 654 P. Margal , Sampaloc , Manila .
Salonga , Benjamin - Mapua Institute paloc, Manila ; Jesus Mamisao , Auditor
P Espino, Herminio R.Superinten
of Technology , Manila : Bautista , Pelagio S.-59 Labo, Sta . Martin S. Celino . Editor dent. La Granja Sugar Expt. Station
Santos , Dominador - San Miguel Bre Mesa Heights, Quezon City : As of Dec., 1950 La Carlota , Negros Occ .
wery , Manila ; Ciocon , Manuel R. - c / o Bacolod Co Abad , Ramon Gil - Prof ., Manila Etorma, Severino B. - Soil Chemist
Sanchez , Sebastian R. Coca -Cola Southern College -- 18-5 Corazon de Je Benitez & Co. , Manila .
ca-Cola Plant , Bacolod City : Evangelista , Bienvenido - Chief, Adm .
Plant, Otis, Pandacan , Manila ; Cruz , Amado J. de la - Bacolod -Mur
sus, San Juan , Rizal ,
Saqueton , Jose C.-Kawit, Cavite : Abbey , Merrill W .-- Agricultural Ati Sec . , DSSC-69 Silang, Sta . Ana , Ma
1825 Juan Luna , cla Milling Co. , Bacolod City : nlla .
Sempio, Rogelio Bogo -Medellin tache-U . S. Embassy , Manila .
Fajardo, Tranquilino G .-- Plant Pa
Manila ;
Fernandez , Jose G. Abejuela, Dionisio C. - Supervisor ,
Co. , Inc. Medellin , Cebu ; Bureau of Private School, Manila -- 380 thologist, BPI - Binalonan , Pangasinan .
Serra , Eduardo National Develop Farinas , Estefano C .-- Asst. Chief .
ment Co., Pureza , Manila ; Garcia , Luis y del Mar - Juana, Os Sulucan , Manila .
Serra , Manuel 2022 Connecticut meña, Capitol site , Cebu City : Acierto , Amelia M. - Chemist, DSSC Research Div . , BAI - 52 Corporal York,
Ave. , N.W. Washington 8 D.C., U.S.A .; Gutierrez , Ricardo L. - Balluag, Bu- 121 New York , Quezon City .
Mandaluyong. Rizal.
Falcon , Prudencio R .--Agriculturist
Severino, Angel-- Lopez Sugar Cen- lacan ; Adriano. Felipe T. - Vice - President. -329 Legaspi , Cebu City .
tral, Fabrica, Negros Occ . Hizon , Fernando 1162 Economia , San Miguel Brewery - 1622 Conchu , Sin Fernandez , Tomas M .-- Agronomist,
Siapuatco , Eugenio S. - Bacoor, Ca- Sampaloc, Manila ; galong Subd . , Manila . NAFCO - 21 Kamuning , Quezon City
Imperial, Gerardo A. - Silliman Univ Afenir, Rizal A .-- Jr. Soil Technolog Festin , Augusto F. - Mining Engineer
vite ;
Silva III, Buenaventura - 1346 Pedro ersity, Dumaguete , Oriental Negros ; ist , DSSC - San Narciso , Zambales . --Odiongan , Romblon .
Guevara , Manila ; Infante, Emilio Sugar & Palay Agbagala , Patricio Y .-- Jr . Soil Tech- Francisco, George 2.-Abaca Planter
Silvestre, Filemon Phil . Refiaing Farming . Bacolod , Occ . Negros ; nologist , DSSC -- Los Baños , Laguna . --Davao City .
Co., Otis, Pandacan , Manila ; Liberal , Epifanio D. - c / o San Carlos Agdeppa, Felipe T. - Asst . Soil Tech- Franco , Felix -- Forester, BF - 72 Iri
Planters ' Ass . , San Carlos, Negros Occ .; nologist, DSSC-Gerona , Tarlac. ga , Quezon City .
Silvestre , Plaridel - 239 Constancia , Aglibut, Andres P. - Prof ., College of Galvez , Nicolas L.-Professor of Soils .
Martinez , Evencio R. Agriculture, UP - College, Laguna .
Sampaloc , Manila ; 552 Galicia , UP - College, Laguna .
Simbajon, Felipe S. -Loay , Bohol ; Posadas, Miguel E. Agoncillo , Gregorio - Land Owner Garcia , Feliciano J.-Jr. Soil Tech
Simon , Alfonso C. 1164 Carolina , Sampaloc, Manila ; Sta . Isabel College , Manila . nologist, DSSC-Biñan , Laguna .
Roco , Jose A. - Elizalde Paint & Oil Aguas, Eleuterio H .-- Jr . Soil Tech- Gordon , Alexander - Chief, Dept. of
Malate , Manila ;
Sison , Arsacio - Mapua Institute of Factory, Tanduay , Manila ; Biologist , DSSC - Sta . Ana, Pampanga . Agriculture & Experiments, La Carlo
Santos, Francisco Institute of Alcantara , Oscar A - Asst. Soil Tech ta Sugar Central-La Carlota, Negros
Technology , Manila ; nologist - c / o Prov . Agric'l Superevisor,
Sison , Cecilio y Reyes - Bureau of Science , Manila ; Occ .
Villanueva, Francisco Institute of Cebu City Guevarra , Victor S. - Agriculturist
Mines , Manila ;
Aldaba , Vicente- Manager, NAFCO-- 304--Calvo Bldg . , Manila .
Sison . Jose A.-2116 Int . 1 , Miseri- Science , Manila ;
Yu , Cho - Teng - 1000 Benavides , Ma 259 Maganda , Sta . Mesa , Manila . Guzman , Benedicto de- Chemist
cordia ,Sta . Cruz, Manila .
nila ; Alicante, Marcos M. - Chief, DSSC- Holy Ghost College , Quezon City.
Sison . Victor L - 415 San Marcelinc , Irfante , San Juan , Rizal . H .-- Dairyman -- P . O.
Manila ; JUNIOR MEMBERS Hardie , John
Abiva , Vicente A .--930 Misericordia , Alvaro , Nicanor M .-- Appraiser , RFC Box 2148 , Manila .
Sol , Jesus Jatico - Coca - Cola Plant , Sta . Cruz , Manila ; - Ilagan , Isabela . Harrison , Lowell D .-- Agric'l Engi
Naga City ; nrer - International Harvester Co. of
Alviar , Marcial-Jr . Soil Technologist
Soriano . Serafin P. - Coca - Cola Plant , Aguilar, Virgilio B. -93 Lucban St. , Philippines, Manila .
DSSC
Ang.- Calamba,
Ignacio R Laguna
.-- Soil , Technologist, Hepler, John V .-- Point Four Tech
Naga City ; Rizal City ;
Suerte, Delfin - Talisay - Silay Milling Alegado, Victoriano S.- 5 El Porvenir , DSSC - 51 Guevarra Ave. , Addition nical Consultant in Agri. - c / o Ameri
Francisco del Monte , Quezon Hills , San Juan , Rizal . can Embassy , Manila .
Co. , Talisay, Occ . Negros ; San
Apacible , Alejandro R .-- Sugar Plant Hernandez, Crispiniano C.-Soll Tech
Suguitan , Sofronio 0. - 27 - B España City ; nologist, DSSC — 496 Opalo , Vito Cruz
St., Sampaloc, Manila ; Alvarez , Federico B. - 1231 O'Donnell, er -- Nasugbu , Batangas. Ext . , Manila .
Sy Cip, Amancio - 35 Valenzuela, Sta . Sta . Cruz , Manila ; Aquino , Roman R. - Forester, BF
890-D. España, Mangald an , Pangasinan . Hernandez , Silvino C. - Soil Techno
Mesa, Manila ; Bernal, Rufo B. Aquino , Dionisio L.- Senior Soil logist , DSSC-Bigaa , Bulacan .
Tampingco , Hermenegildo 1029 B.
Manila ; Technologist, BPI - Los Baños , Laguna , Hipol , Emiliano G. -Prof . in Agricul .
Viejo , Quiapo, Manila ; Brion , Fythagoras P.- 123 Lavande Eustaquio G. - Economic tural Engineering - Araneta Institute
139 V. Aquino,
Taylor, Eduardo Mapa , ros , Manila : Researcher Phil . Senate -- Manila . of Agriculture, Malabon , Rizal .
Manila ; Busa , Elisio 0. - 1040 Int . 3 San Mar Aquino, Gabriel V.-Jr. Soil Chemist , Hizon , Atanacio S. - Sugar Techno
Templa , Jose Ma . — 70 Sta . Meza Bou DSSC — San Pablo City . logist & Planter - San Fernando. Pam
celino , Manila ; Araneta . Teodoro A. Sugar Planter--- panga .
levard , Coca - Cola Export Corporation , Callao , Jose A. - 415 Int . 4 Antipolo, Hodsoll , Frank . -Manager, Warner
San Juan , Rizal ; Bago , Negros Oc .
Manila ; Araneta , Vicente A. - Livestockman & Barnes & Co. , Ltd .--Soriano Bldg . , Ma
Templa, Magdalena A. - Institute of Campos Irineo Businessman -343 Echague , Manila . nila .
Science , Manila ;
Chacon , Virgilio_52 Mayhaligue cor. Arcega , Baens Luz -- Fiber Techno Holmes, Charles M .-- Chemist - Phil.
Tengco, Rustico - Metropolitan Wate : Narra , Tondo , Manila ; logist-- Fiber Inspection Service , Ma American Drug Co. , Manila .
District , Manila ; Coronel, Armando M. 52 Syquia , Tila . Hoskins, Collin M.-Realtor-P . O.
Tinio, Dominador J. Juan Box 948 , Manila .
2219 Arciaga , Antonio --Jr . Appraiser , RFC
Sta . Ana , Manila ; Huertas, Angel S. -Fiber Inspector
Luna , Manila
Tirao, ;
Francisco - Phil. Refining Co. , Cruz, Gregorio S. - Montalban , Rizal , --Gerona , Tarlac .
Aristorenas , Isaac J. - Asst . Soil Tech Fiber Inspection Service , Manila .
Espino, Juan M. - 1283 Casanas, Da Ignatieff Vladimir-FAO Officer-
Pandac an , Scrates
Manila— ;552A nologist , DSSC - Jaro, Iloilo .
Tirol, Pennsylvania , pitan , Quezon City ; Austria , Jose S. Asst . Prov . Agric'l
FAO, Washington , D.C. , U.S.A.
Espino, Luis - 2233 Juan Luni , Ton Supervisor- Iloilo, Iloilo . Iledan , Santiago Y. Director , Ma
Manila ; dyaas, Institute-Numancia , Capiz .
do , Manila ; Baclig , Abelardo F - Actg Supt .,
Tomas , Nenita B. 1647 Merceries , 2233 Juan RCPA Bukidnon Farm Proj.-- Maramag, Imperial : Gerardo A. -Head, Dept.
Singalong, Manila ; Floreto , Benedicto G. of Chemistry - Silliman University . Du
Bukidnon . maguete City .
Torres, Francisco S. c / o Bridge Luna, Tondo, Manila ;
Section , Bureau of Public Works, Ma Gamboa , Elias C.-31 10th Avenue , Baes , Emilio Progressive Farmer -- In Infante , Emilio T. - Sugar Planter
nila ; Quezon City ; dang, Cavite ,
Barrera , Alfredo V.- Soil Technolo Silay , Negros Occ .
Torres, Pedro Claveria -Rizal, Davao Garcia , Marcelino 264 Industria , Isidro , Rufino A .--Asst . Seed Farm
gist . DSSC-25 Angat Gagalangin , Ton Manager , BPI-74 Buendia, Rizal City .
City ; Pandacan , Manila ; cio , Manila .
Torres Yap , Paterno C - 1325 Narra Asuncion Jaug . Jose 0. - Asst. Soil Technolo
Gonzales , Bertrand — 1091 Baver , Leonard D. - Director , HSPA gist, DSSC -- Clarin , Misamis Occ .
Torres , Roberto 719 P. Lconcio , Ext . , Tondo, Manila ;
Sampaloc , Manila ; -Honolulu , Hawaii, U.S.A. Javier , Bartolome P. - Asst . Prov .
Gomez, Jose C.-21 Liberty. Avenue , Bell , Boyd A. - Prof . in Agriculture- Agric'l Supervisor, Rizal --Pasig . Rizal .
Tupaz, Augusto M. Quezon City ; Silliman University . Dumaguete City . Javier , Silvestre V. , Jr.-Jr. Soil Bio
Ty - Hoachay, Felix 1036 Narra ,
Inocencio Balmes , Bello , Antonio C -Jr . Soil Techno- logist, DSSC-2270 Herran , Paco, Ma
Tondo , Manila ; Gonzales , 91
logist . DSSC-Lemery , Batangas . pila .
Quiapo, Manila : Jesus, Francisco R. de - Rice Planter
Unson , Miguel - San Miguel Brewery Guieb , Angelino G. Bernardo , Fernando F. - Agriculturist
Glass Factory , Manila ; Guzman , Valentin D. 921 Kundi -Los Baños, Laguna . --- Bocawe, Bulacan .
Urbano, Luther F. 158 Tiago, Sta . man , Sampaloc , Manila ; Blando , Benjamin - Forester, BF - Asi- Jison , Arsenio J .-- Sugar Planter
Cruz , Manila ; Ilogen , Jesus B.
ngan , Pangasinan . Silay, Negros Occ .
A. Flores St. ,
1043 Castillejos , Boñe , Florencio S.-Chief Property Jison , Newton L.- Sugar Planter
Urtola, Regidor D. Quiapo, Manila ; Office , RCPA - Maramag. Bukidnon Victorias , Neg . Occ .
San Pablo City ; Kalaw , Maximo -- Educator - 75
Uy-Barreta, Prospero - National Power Javier, Soledad 7. - 8 Mataba Road , Bramwel, E. K. - Businessman -- c / o Mi
Cubao , Quezon City ; Warner , Barnes & Co , Ltd., Manila . rasol , Pasay City .
Corporation , Natividad Bldg. , Escolta , Briones , Alfonso Q. - Chief, Field Katigbak , Felino M. - Citrus Planter
Manila ; Lloren , Ramon M.- 14 Aranga , Sam Personnel Sugar Expt. Station - Can- --Lipa City .
Valdez, Francisco - 310 San Rafael , paloc , Manila ; lubang , Laguna . Kintanar , Jose L. - Landowner - Ar
Manila ; Macatangay , Porfirio S .--70 Manri . Brown , Barker H. -Prof . of Chemis gao, Cebu .
Valenzuela , Armando — The Shell Co. que , Sampaloc, Manila ; try , UP-U.P . , Quezon City . Lansigan , Nicolas P.-Adm . Asst.
of P.I. , Ltd. , Hongkong -Shanghai Bank Menardo , Roberto F. 13 Brooklyn Buencamino, Jr. , Felipe - Rice Plant National Fertilizer Adm . - Bay , Lag
Bldg . , Manila ; St. , Cubao , Quezon City ; er --- 408 - E Aviles , San Miguel , Manila , una .
Valt, Anatolio y Rivera Bunoan , Jr. , Juan C.-Jr. Soil Che- Ladenheim , Herman C. - Soil Tech
Vibar, Jose San Pablo City ; Mon , Junuarla - 1200 Vergara , Quiapo,
Manila nologist - Cornell University , New York
Vidal , Luz F. ; mist , DSSC - 1544 Calixto Dyyco, Paco , U.S.A.
1926 Kusang Loob, Manila .
Sta . Cruz , Manila ; Munda , Jose A. Jr. - 12-4 , Int . Sam Cabanos , Juan B. - Asst. Chief, Ext . Laparan , Martin L.-Fiber Techno .
Villa ,Jaime A.-Balara Filters , Me- paloc Ave. , Quezon City ; Div . , BPI- 70 Roosevelt St. , San Fran- logist--Fiber Inspection Service, Ma .
tropolitan Water District , Quezon Natividad , Paulino D. - 1310 G. H. del cisco del Monte , Quezon City . nila .
Cabe, Catalino M. - Agric'l Engineer Locsin , Carlos - Sugar Planter - Vic
City : Pilar, San Andres, Manila ;
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 141
Chioco, Juan --Cabanatuan , Nueva Santos, Ernesto F -1131 M H. del
torias , Negros Occ . Negros Occ . Pilar Malate , Manila
Locsin , Ciri--Sugar Planter--Silay , Serrano , Felicisimo B. - Plant Patho Ecija .
Constantino, Oscar F. - Bureau or Serraon , Antonio U .--- 1601 Washing
. logist , BPI - City YMCA, Manila .
Lopez ,Occ
Negros Buenaventura C. - Secretary , Silayan , Hilarion S. - Agriculturist.-- Soil Conservation , Florida Street , Ma- ton Avenue , Sampaloc, Manila
RCPA -- 210 Vision St. , Manila . 8 Tuazon Ave. , Malabon , Rizal . nila . Soria no , Andres-- A Soriano y Cia ,
Simon , Atanacio A.-Jr. Soil Tech- Cordero, Patrocinio H .-- c / o Gregorio Manila
Lopez , Francisco B .--Soil Technolo
gist, DSSC - San Jacinto , Pangasinan . nologist, DSSC -- 22 Altura Int . , Sta Araneta Inc , 343 Echague, Manila , Soriano, Joventino D .--Dept of
Lucas, Laureano R. - Soil Teclinolo . Mesa , Manila . Cruz, Jorge B.- 10 Alegria St. , Sta . Botany, College of Liberal Arts , U P ..
fjet, DSSC --Los Baños , Laguna . Singson , Manuel - Asst. Soil Techno- Mesa , Manila . Diliman , Quezon City .
logist , DSSC - 2737 Reneisance, Sta Cruz , Cirilo de la–Guimba , Nueva Strasser, Raymond C. -1221 Lealtad ,
Lund , Thomsen J. Banker and Eco
nomist--408 International Bank , Wash- Ana , Manila . Ecija . Sampaloc, Manila
IL2ton , D.C. , U.S.A. San Buenaventura , F. - Chemist. Custodia. Hipolito A. - C / o Bureau of Subido , Pericles S - 23 Mabuhay .
Macasaet , Paulo G .--Judge-San Pa- DSSC - Pasig , Rizal . Quarantine, Customs House Sta Ana , Manila
Slocum , Burl Alva -- Director of Davide , Jorge G.-U.P. College of Sulit. Octavio C.- 1601 Azcarraga ,
Elo City:
Maclang . Felipe A .-- Agric'l Superin- Work , Central Phil . College - Jaro, Iln Agriculture , Los Baños, Laguna . Manila
tendent- Shell Co. of Philippines , Ma- ilo Duarte , Venancio C .--Hacienda Cay Tabayoyong, Francisco P .--Urdane
tiala Smith , Arthur M.- Chemist - c / o laway , Nasugbu ,
Batangas ta ,Pangasinan
Madamba , Ambrosio L ---Soul Tech- Victorias Milling Co. , Victorias , Neg . Duterte , Escolastico S. - President, Teodoro , Nicanor G - Philippine
noiogist , DSSC -- 1612 Herran ,
Paco . Occ . University of Southern Philippines Council for US Aid .
Manila . Soliven , Florencio - Chemist- Balles Cebu City Tranquilino, Ventura Pampanga
Magtang . Mariano V.-Jr. Soil Tech- teros . Cagayan . Escober, Sofronio_c / o International Sugar Development Company, San
rologist , DSSC-Natividad , Pangasi- Stater , Victor L.-Agric'l Engineer- Harvester Company of Philippines . 154 Fernando, Pampanga
ilan . International Harvester Co. of Philip Marquez de Comillas , Manila . Torres, Juan P - Citrus Experiment
Mainisao, Jesus P. - Chief, Soli Con pines, Manila . Esguerra , Manuel C .-- Bureau of Soil Station , Lipa City , Batangas.
servation Research Operations, Tabayoyong. Filomeno-Soil Chemist Conservation , Florida St. , Manila Trinidad, Levy - Bureau of Soil Con
--- Victorias Milling Co. , Victorias , Ne Feliciano . Jose M.ỮU.P. Diliman . servation , Florida St , Manila
DSSC - Guinobatan ,
Manahan Albay,
. Antonio --Land Surveyor gros Occ . Quezon City . Trinidad . Teodosio Bureau of
728 -G . Tuazon , Manlla . Felipe, Restituto Araneta Instituto 'Lands, Dept. of Agriculture & Na
Tabije, Demetrio P. - Agriculturist
Manas Y Cruz , M .--- Actg . Director , 38 Halcon , Quezon City . of Agriculture, Victoneta Park , Mala tural Resources
BPI-- 90 F Roman San Juan , Rizal.. Taliwaga , Bernabe Y. - Forester, B bon , Rizal . Valdez , Zacarias V --NARIC , Pro
Manipol, Felix--Prof . of Soils , Ara --La Paz , Tarlac . duction Aid Department , Manila .
neta Institute of Agric . - 599 Alvarez , Taylor, Eduardo - Manager , Cebu Foster, William Jr. - Philippine Wes Velarde , Manuel A - NARIC , Pro
Sta . Cruz, Manila . leyan College , Cabanatuan City .
Portland Cement Co.- 139 V. Mapa Fran , Luis M. -Araneta Institute of duction Aid_Department, Manila .
Maramba , Felix D. Director, BPI Sta . Mesa , Manila . Agriculture , Victoneta Park , Malabon . Velasco , Teofila F -Araneta Insti
48 Lourdes , Pasay City Teves , Juan S .-- Geologist, Bureau of Rizal tute Agriculture , Victoneta
of Park ,
Marfori , Ricardo T.- Chief. Soil Re Mines - Bureau of Mines , Manila Gapuz, Virginia E. - 179 - H Adamson Malabon , Rizal
search Laboratory , DSSC - 1125 Maka Tiangco . Martin V. - Soil Chemist St. , Grace Park , Caloocan , Rizal .
ta , Sta . Cruz, Manila
Villadolid , Eduardo C -Secretary ,
Malabon . Rizal . Gavino, Eusebio R. - San Marcos. Ca Nasugbu Agricultural Land Subdivi
Mariano, Juan A. - Soil Technologist, Tiglao , Teodoro M.-Jr. Appraiser Himpit, Bulacan . sion , Inc. , Nasugbu , Batangas.
DSSC- Piddig , Ilocos Norte . RFC-Mabalacat , Pampanga . Gesmundo , Artemio E .-- 1047 Colo Villajuan , Felipe V. - Rizal, Nueva
Marias , Crispin R. las instructor , Tingson , Jorge A. - Asst. Soil Tech rado , Manila . Eicja
College of Agriculture U. P. - College, nologist, DSSC - 284 Esmeralda , San Guilbuena , Francisco G.- Muntin Villaluna , Delfin- Nasugbu , Batan
Laguna . Andres, Manila . lupa , Rizal. gas
Martin , Gene E.- Geographer-- C , 0 Trinidad , Jose M. - Chief, Technical Hilado, Alfonso Silay -Hawaiian Villanueva , Partio - Araneta Institute
American Embassy, Manila . Division , DANR-Iba , Zambales . Central , Occidental Negros . of Agriculture , Victoneta Park , Mala
Matulac , Pascual M. - Soul Techno Tulio, Roberto A. - Progressive Farm Hollero, Manuel L.-P.O. Box 171
logist , DSSC – Cuenca , Batangas . bon , Rizal
er -- Compostela , Davao . Bacolod City , Victorias Milling Com -
Mendiola , Nemesio B. - Senior Plant Valencia , Iluminado G .-- Soil Phy pany , Negros Occidental . Wilfarth , John-F . E. Zuellig, Inc. ,
Breeder. BPI-1204 G. del Pilar , Ma sicist, DSSC - Biñan , Laguna . 55 Rosario , Manila .
Honrado , Benedicto M.-Guinobatan .
nila . Velasco , Jose R. - Prof. Botany , UP- Albay .
Mendoza , Francisco M .-- Agric'l Engi College , Laguna . Hudson , Lewis C .-- Bacolod City.
reer , RCPA -- Maramag , Bukidnon . Vera , Elpidio C. - Geologist, Bureau MEDICAL 1
Mendoza , Teofilo M .--Agric'l Engi of Mines -1050 Maria Cristina , Sampa
Isaac , Federico - 304 Trade & Com
leer , BPI - 804 - C San Andres, Manila . r.erce Building, Manila .
loc , Manila . Jacinto , Mario S.-501 Samanillo PHILIPPINE COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
Mercado, Toribio V. - Agriculturist_ Villano , Manuel - Technical Con
Building, Manila .
2280 Tramo, Pasay City . sultant, RFC - 169 - K , 1st St. , Quezon OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1952
Jayankura , Loejai M. R .--Philippine
Mirasol,
Negros
Jose - Agriculturist - Cadiz , City Tobacco Flue Curing and Re - drying Dr. Guillermo Rustia , president
Occ . Ignacio E. - Asst . Soil Dr. Gumersindo Garcia , vice -pres
Mojica , Abundio E.--Soil Techno Villanueva , Corporation , 24th Boston St. , Port Area , ident
Chemist, DSSC - Paoay , Ilocos Norte Manila .
logist , DSSC -Taal , Batangas. Villegas , Edmundo E.-Jr. Soil Tech Dr. Luis F. Torres, Jr. secretary
Montelibano, Alfredo - Sugar Planter Jollye , H. P. L. - Meralco , Manila .
-Bacolod City . nologist , DSSC - Los Baños, Lagune Kauffmann , Julius-Menzi Co. tieasurer
Villegas , Jorge J.-Jr. Soil Techno Inc. , 183 Soler , Manila . Dr. Benvenuto R. Diño , regent
Ocfemia , Rufo H.-Jr. Soil Techno logist , DSSC - Los Baños , Laguna . Lacson , Domingo W.-5 Gilmore Dr. Domingo Antonio , Jr. , regent
logist, DSSC - Los Baños, Laguna . Veerland , George E. - 60 East 42nd Dr. Manuel N Tuason , regent
Oliveros , Salvador B. - Assist . Direc Avenue , City of Pasay .
tor, Sugar Expt . Station-Sta . Rosa ,
St. , New York , N.Y. , U.S.A. Lactao, Luciano E .-- 14 Pureza , Sta Dr. Rodolfo P. Gonzales , regent
Laguna .
Umali , Dioscoro L. - Prof . of Agro- Mesa , Manila .
MEMPERS
Oliveros , Severo - Forester, BF_Ca- romy U.P. - Los Baños, Laguna . Layugan , Augusto B. - Araneta Ins Cipriano H. Abaya , Laoa . Ilocos
vinti , Laguna . Watts , Hugh S .-- Agric'l Engineer titute of Agriculture , Victoneta Park.
South Melbourne, Victoria , Australia Norte
Opiana , Gil 0. - Chemist - Institute Yñiguez , Teodomero M.-Jr. Soil Malabon , Rizal . Rufino Abriol , 415 Pennsylvania , Ma
of Science, Manila . Ledesma , Edgardo 0. - C / O A. S. Diaz nila
Otanes , Faustino Q. - Entomologist, Technologist , DSSC - Pura , Tarlac . Electric Service , Bacolod City . Honoria Acosta - Sison , Philippine
BPI-2670 A. de las Alas , Sta . Ana , Legaspi , Melecio T. - Field Supervisor, General Hospital, Manila
Manila . NOTE : Fertilizer Administration . Dept. of Damaceno J. Ago, Legaspi , Albay
Paa , Nicomedes F.- Forester. BF Agric . & Nat . Resources . Eribe to Aguilar , Calamba, Laguna
DSSC - Division of Soil Survey &
1810 Bangkusay , Tondo , Manila . Conservation ( now Bureau of Soil Leocadio , Luis P .-- 1043 Taft Avenue , Jose V. Agustines , Cebu City, Cebu
Palis , Francisco 0. - Soil Technolo Dionisio R. Alburo, 51 Arroyo St.,
Conservation ) Corner San Andres , City of Manila .
gist, DSSC - Los Baños, Forester
Laguna . DANR-Department of Agriculture & Leon , de Antonio I .-- Department of Iloilo City
Pascual , Andres P. . BF Ricardo L , Alfonso , North General
Natural Resources Chemistry , U.P. Diliman , Quezon City .
1211 Constancia , Sampaloc, Manila , RFC -Rehabilitation Finance Corpo Llamas, Ruperto C. - University of Hospital, Manila
Paulican , Cenon -- Agronomist, RCPA ration Manila .
Francisco Altarejos, Bulan , Sorso
-Maram ag, , Bukidno
Pendleton Robert nL.
. - Prof. of Soils UP-University of the Philippines Lontok , Gregorio B. - Bacolod City, gon
-John Hopkins University , Baltimore RF - Bureau of Forestry Rizal Altavas, Zamboanga City
Negros Occidental . Mamerta V. Andaya , 908 Indiana ,
18. Md .. U.S.A. BPI -- Bureau of Plant Industry Lou , Julian- 421 Azcarraga St. , Ma
Pidlaoan , Nazario A. - Chemist - Phil- RCPA - Rice & Corn Production Ad Malate , Manila
nila .
ippine Institute of Fisheries Tech . ministration
Mabbun , Pablo N.-RFC 3rd Floor , Esteban V. Ante , Legaspi, Albay
Pineda , Cayetano C - Administrator , BAI-- Bureau of Animal Industry Ruben A. Apelo, Philippine Gen
PNB Building , Escolta , Manila . eral Hospital, Manila
National Fertilizer Administration --- 176 MEMBERSHIP APPROVED AS Martelino , Rafael A. -NARIC . Ma .
Amatista , Manila . Gloria T. Aragon , Philippine Gen
Posadas , Saturnino OF 1951 nila , eral Hospital , Manila
S.- Asst. Soil Abad , Cenon B.-Amaya , Tanza , Ca
Technologist, DSSC - San Carlos, Pan Menzi, Hans M.-Menzi Bldg . , Soler Pedro G. Asinas, Catbalogan , Sa
vite . St. , Manila . mar
gasinan . Abadilla, Domingo C. - Manila Times,
Querijero , Arcadio F .-- Agric'l Ap Mitra , Lourdes - Bureau of Soil Con Manuel P. Babao, Davao General
Florentino Torres , Manlla . servation , Florida St., Manila . Hospital, Davao City
praiser , RFC -- 1126 Yakal, Sta . Cruz , Acob . Juan V. - Araneta Institute of
Monsalud , Manuel R. Cojuangco Ha
Manila . Alfredo Baens, 404 Aviles , San Mi
Herminio R. - Ichthyolog Agriculture, Victoneta Park , Malabon . ciendas , Paniqui , Tarlac.
Ravanal, Rizal . guel , Manila
Fisheries , Administrator
ist - Bureau of Mariano Manila Alcaraz , Arturo - Weather Bureau
Moran , Jose C .-- RFC Branch Cebu Antonio B. Banzon , 520 España, Ma
Raymundo , - , City , nila
Port Area , Manila .
Pump & Irrigation Administration Aldaba , Victor C. - Malolos, Bulacan . Morata , Luis - Central Don Pedro , Carlos Baylon, Legaspi. Albay
DANR . Pila , Laguna. Alvero, Lorenzo , G.- Lamot. Calauan Nasugbu , Batangas . Augusto S. Besa , 403 Vermount , Ma
Reyes , Fernando de los - Technical Myers , J.L.-P.O. Box 861, Manila . nila
Assistant , DSSC - Los Baños , Laguna . Laguna
Amberti , Piero - 380 Tanduay, Ma- Nacino, David A. - Araneta Institute Ramon Blanco. Blanco Clinic, Cebu
Reyes , Gaudencio M. - Plant Patho nila . of Agriculture , Victoneta Park , Mala City
logist , BPI- 231 Earnshaw , Sampaloc . Angeles , Telesforo Fery - Bureau of bon, Rizal Clemente Calma , 7 Taal , St.a Mesa
Manila . Soil Conservation , Florida St. , Mani Niño, Emmanuel F.- 14 Baco St .. Heights, Quezon City
Reyes , Luis J .--Forester , BF- 1996 la Buenaventura Canto, Jr. , National
Juan Luna St. , Manila . Quezon City .
Aquino, Rodolfo V.-Bureau of Soil Ocampo , Loreto B. de - Araneta Ins- Orthopedic Hospital, Mandaluyong .
Rigor , Ernesto L .-- Soil Technologist. Conservation , Florida St. , Manila titute of Agriculture, Victoneta Park , Rizal
DSSC-Victoria , Tarlac .
Araneta , Romualdo M. - Maao Sugar Malabon , Rizal . Antonio P. Caniza , 27 Park Avenue,
Rodrigo, Pedro A. -Chief . Horticul Central Co. , Inc., Bago, Negros Occi Ordoveza , Fernando C. - 825 Lepanto . Pasay City
ture Sec ., BPI-34 R. Pascual St. , San dental. Manila . Miguel P. Canizares, Quezon Insti
Juan , Rizal . Arnaldo, Marcelo V.- Silliman Univ Ortiz , Ponciano F. - Santa Cruz , La tute , España Ext. , Quezon City
Rodriguez , Juan G. de — Agricultur- ersity , Dumaguete City, Negros Or. Dominador H. Caparas, Silang, Ca
guna vite
ist - Alaminos, Pangasinan Ascalon , Salvador J. Silay , Negros Osborn , Fairfield - 30 East 40 St. ,
Romero , Isidoro A. -Soil Technolog- Occidental. Fermin G. Caram , Polyclinic and
Asistin , Francisco R. - Bureau of New York City , US A.
ist . DSSC - Los Baños , Laguna . Ossorio , Jose Jesus -77 Del Pan Hospital, Iloilo City
Rosell , Dominador Z .-- Chief , Soil Soil Conservation , Florida St. , Manila Alipio N. Casilan , Tacloban , Leyte
Surveys Sec . , DSSC - San Roque , Ca Aspiras , Rosario A. - Bureau of Soi! Avenue
Paez ,, Jose
City--of
920Pasay . , Malate , Ma-
Wright Ricardo de Castro , Naga, Camarines
vite . Conservotion , Florida St. , Manila . Sur
nila
Ronquillo , Inocencio A. - Fishery Bio- Atienza , Juan D. - Pampanga Sugar Pagador , Flaviano R -Victorias Felipe B. Constantino , North Gen
logist , Bu of Fisheries-Tanza, Ca- Mills , Del Carmen , Pampanga Milling Co , Inc , P O Box 171 Ba- eral Hospital, Manila
vite . Bagasan , Juan 2. - 403 China Bank Occidental . 845 P. Leoncio ,
colod City , Negros Jovita Coronado,
Roxas, Manuel L.- Director , Sugar Building, Corner Juan Luna and Das Panganiban, Francisco C --Bureau Sampaloc , Manila
Experiment Station-- 1220 G. del Pilar, n.ariñas, Manila . of Plant Industry , San Andres, Ma- Roman R. de la Cuesta , Ilocos Nor
Singalong , Manila . Balce , Soironio Araneta Institute of nila te Prov . Hospital , Laoag , Ilocos Norte
Rush , James M. - Businessman - 202 Agriculture Victoneta Park , Malabon Paterno , Antonio M - 84 -General Aurelio L. Dayrit, 50 Apo, Sta . Mesa
Myers Bldg . , Manila . Rizal Balztista , San Juan , Rizal . Quezon City
Salazar, Francisco SoilG. - Asst. Bandong . Gloria C.- Bureau of Soil Pelzer. Kar ] J -Department of Juanito C. Duque, V. Luna Gen
Technologist , DSSC - Indang , Cavite . Conservation , Florida St. , Manila . Geography, Yale University , New eral Hospital, AFP , Camias, Quezon
Salazar , Gonzalo H. - Sugar Techno Pantug , Abelardo L.-Victorias , Occi Haven , Connecticut City
logist - 309 Samanillo Bldg., Manila . cental Negros. Pinero , Carmen F --Bureau of Soil
Noe A. Espinola , 243 -A Zurbaran ,
Salazar. Lino V.- Publishing of Re- Bautista , Paz , R .--Asociacion de Conservation , Florida St., Manila Manila
public Magazine - 2047 Natividad , Sta . Plantadores, PASUMIL , Del Carmen , Peralta , Fernando L de - Araneta
Cruz , Manila . Pampanga Institute of Agriculture , Victoneta Facundo Esquivel, 712 Nebraska , Ma
pila
Samaniego , Ramon - Soul Physicist , Bueno, Pablo M. -360 Int. 1 , G. Tua Park , Malabon , Rizal
Januaria R. Estrada, 1105 Taft Ave
DSSC -- 2109 Misericordia , Sta . Cruz , zon , Sampaloc, Manila . Rabinios, Tomas A. - Camiling, Tar
Mani . lac nue , Manila
Cada , Esteban - 343 Echague,
Manila . Ramirez , Gregorio- Araneta Insti- Rodolfo Favis, Vigan , Ilocos Sur
Santos, A. de los - Soil Technologist,
DSSC-723 Velasquez , Tondo, Manila .
la .
Caraig . Prisco A. - Central Don Pe- tute of Ariculture, Victoneta Park , Ma- William Fletcher, North General
Santos , Demetrio S. - President, Phil- dro , Nasugbu , Batangas. labon , Rizal Hospital , España St., Manila
ippine Association of Agric .-305 Sa- Casera , Anacorito H - Bureau of Soil Ramos , Ambrosio H.- Gapan , Nueva Mariano S. Florendo , Mary Chiles

manillo Bldg . , Manila . Conservation , Florida St. , Manila . Ecija Hospital, 135 Gastambide, Manila
Sanvictores, Jose G.- Land Owner Castro , Ramiro 9.-11 - A Diego Sy .. Roldan , Senen B - 1230 Franco St. , Bayani C. Fontanilla, Polangu Hos
420 Estero Cegado , Quiapo, Manila . $ 8n Juan , Rizal . Tondo , Manila pital, Palangui, Albay
Saxby , Norman James- Chemist-c /o Cerna, Pastor B. de la–Malaybalay . Rolle, Santiago M - Indang , Cavite , Jose Y. Fores, St. Luke's Hosnital,
Victorias Milling Company, Victorias , Bukidnon . Roque , Raul V. - Capiz, Capiz . 1015 Magdalena, Manila
 1 +2 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Ricardo R. Gacula , Candon , Ilocos Justo R Rosales, Baguio General Mariano Torres , Jr. , Philippine Gen
Sur
Hospital , Baguio, Philippines ...UTILU anna
Alberto A. Galvez , Olongapo Res Baldomero Roxas , 477 Tanduay . Glicerio Valera , Rm . 234 Regina SCHOLARS
ervation Hospital, Olongapo , Zamba Sampaloc , Manila Building . Escolta , Manila
les
Leonardo Gallardo , Bacolod City , Jose Gonzales Roxas, 86 D. Tuason . Lauro B. de Vera , Daet , Camarines 1946 PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
Occidental Negros Quezon City Norte PENSIONADOS
Eduardo J. Garcia, Bacolod City,
Jose R. Roxas, Leyte Prov . Hospital, Mario Rotea , North General Hospit 1. Mr. Rafael Baltazar -- Field :
Tacloban , Leyte al, España St. , Manila Health Education Studied : University
Occidental Negros California-Address : -Department
Eusebio D. Garcia, V. Luna Gen
Roman T. Salacup , V. Luna General Virgilio Zamora , 1508 Taal , Singa of
Hospital , AFP , Camias , Quezon City long , Manila of Education-City Schools
eral Hospital, AFP , Camias , Quezon Aurelio Santos, 2563 Lico, Tonda. 持
City Manila * * 2 . Mr. Lauro Cruz-Field : Radio
Manuel A. Gatmaitan, North Gen Jose V. de los Santos , National Or Engineering & Communications
eral Hospital, España St. , Manila thopedic Hospital, Mandaluyong. Ri PHILIPPINE OPHTHALMOLOGICAL Studied :-Leland Stanford University
Jose Genato , Santo Tomas Univer zal
Gervasio Santos - Cuyugan , Philippine AND OTOLARYNGOLOGICAL SOCIETY Address :-- c / o National Defense
sity Hospital, España St, Manila
Fortunato S. Guerrero , 89 P. Villa General Hospital. Manila Founded Nov. 25 , 1945 3. Mr. Eladio Daya-Field :-Labor
nueva, Pasay City Luis Santos, Malolos , Bulacan Law Administration & Social Security
Office : Phil . Gen. Hospital , Manila
Ildefonso M. Gomez , 1214 Pennsyl Victor Sevilla , 1537 Azcarraga, Ma 1952 OFFICERS Legislation, Studied : --Labor Rela
vania , Manila pila tions Board , Washington , D. C.- Ad
Castor T. Surla 1930 Rizal Avenue, Dr. Jesus Eusebio , President
Rodolfo P. Gonzales, 1006 Isaac Pe
Manila Dr. Carlos V. Yambao , Vice -President dress :-c / o Department of Labor
ral, Paco , Manila Dr. Jesus Tamesis, Secretary - Trea 4. Mr. Jesus Razon--Field : Local
Francisco C. Guzman , North Gen Domingo Tambuatco, Harrison Hos surer Govt' Administration including As
eral Hospital, España St. , Manila pital , 635 Harrison , Pasay City sessment in taxation. -Studied : -- Stata
eLonardo C. de Guzman , Cotabato Gloria Tancinco - Yambao , North
DIRECTORS : Tax Commissioner's Office , Madison .
Public Hospital, Cotabato , Cotabato General Hospital, España St .. Manila
Nicanor Jacinto, 613 P. Noval, Ma Ambroso Tangco, Philippine Gen Dr. Jose N. Cruz Wisconsin - Address :-c / o Deparment
Dr. Antonio S. Fernando of Finance
nila eral Hospital, Manila
Jose F. Tangco, V. Luna General Dr. Geminiano de Ocampo
Oscar P. Jacinto , 24 Ipil Road , 4 Dr. Edmundo Reyes Mr. Homero de los Reyes -- Field :
5.
Forbes Park, Makati, Rizal Hospital, AFP , Camias, Quezon City FELLOWS : -Banking - Studied : -- Bank of Ameri
Ricardo Jara , 24 Lacson St. , Baco Cornelio S. Tantoco, Malolos, Bula ca , San Francisco , California - Ad
lod City . Occ . Negros cars Bernardo, Dr. Trajano1657 Conchu ,
Singalong, Manila dress :-c / o Department of Finance
Melchor M. Javier , V. Luna Gen Rene Teotico , 2 Legarda - Tanduay ,
eral Hospital, AFP , Camias , Quezon Manila Cruz , Dr. Jose N .-- 1816 P. Guevara, 6. Miss Felicidad Salcedo - Field :
City Jose C. Trota , Brent Hospital , Zam Sta . Cruz , Manila Nursing--Studied :-University of Penn
Alfredo M. Jocson, 46 Fresno Road , boanga City Delfin , Dr. Vicente -- Chinese Gep sylvania School of Nursing , Philadel
Pasay City Antonio T. Unchuan , P. O. Box 43, eral Hospital phia-Address : Went back to the
Jose Jose , Riverview Hospital , 2 Cebu City Eusebio, Dr. Jesus - University of Sto. United States
Uli - uli, San Miguel , Manila Antonio D. Vasquez , 815 Wright, Ma Tomas Hospital
late , Manila 7. Mr. Bienvenido Santos -- Field :
Ricardo Juico , 101 España , Manila Farrales, Dr. Gregorio - 617 Quezon English -- Studied- Leland Stanford Uni .
Roman Kamatoy , Sta. Cruz , Laguna Luis A. Vazquez, 815 Wright , Ma
Jose T. Kamatoy , Zambales Prov . Blvd. , Quiapo, Manila versity , California -- Address : c/ o Bun
late , Manila Fernando, Dr. Antonio S.-Philippine
Herminio Velarde , 495 Tennessee, reau of Public Schools
Hospital, Iba , Zambales General Hospital
Jaime E. Laico , Philippine General Manila Fernando, Dr. Felisa N. - North Gen 8. Dr. Alicia de la Paz- ( Partial
Hospital , Manila Virgilio S. Velasco, Silang , Cavite eral Hospital Government Scholarship ) -Field :-- Ob
Cristino Lazatin , 600 Dewey Blvd. Domingo C. Veloso, Cebu City , Cebu Ilano, Dr. Tomas - V . Luna General -- Studied : -Harvard
stetrics School of
Philippine General Hospital, Manila Marcelino T. Viduya, Bethany Hos Hospital Public Health -- Address :-c/oDepart
Panfilo Lejano, Rizal Prov . Hospital , pital, San Fernando , La Union Javier , Dr. Vicente --- Corner Seattle ment of Health
Pasig , Rizal Vivencio V. Villaflor, Dagupan City,
Alfonso de Leon , La Union Prov . Pangasinan and Spencer , Cubao , Q. C. 1946 DONATION SCHOLARSHIPS :
Hospital , San Fernando , La Union Augusto P. Villalon , 1022 Taft Ave Macatangay, Dr. Galicano - University 1. Mrs. Luisa Jose Arrieta -- Hugo
nue , Manila of Sto . Tomas Hospital
Eduardo M. Lesaca , 137 Riverside , H. Miller Memorial Scholarhip Fund
Maloles , Dr. Cesar -- 101 España Ex
San Juan , Rizal Antonio C. Villarama, Cor. Nebras Field : -Teaching English as a foreign
Jacinto Leviste , Mindoro Prov . Hos ka -Herran St. , Manila tension , Q.C.
pital , Calapan , Mindoro Francisco R. Villaroman , 239 Re Nañagas , Dr. Pablo - Lucena, Quezon
Province
Angel S. Lorenzo , Bacolod City , Oc quesens, Manila
cidental Negros Jose Villanueva, Philippine General Ocampo , Dr. Geminiano de- Philip Moral , Dr. Ephraim - Dept. San Mi
Rosendo Ř. Llamas , 1502 Looban , Hospital, Manila pine General Hospital guel Brewery
Reyes , Dr. Edmundo - University of Navarro , Dr. Jose P .-- 203 Dna Mer
Paco, Manila Roy P. Villasor. Philippine General
Rufino Macagba, San Fernando, La Hospital, Manila Sto . Tomas Hospital cedes Bldg . , Quiapo
Union Pacifico Yap , Chinese General Hos Santos, Dr. Luis - Malolos , Bulacan
Olympia , Dr. Manuel - Cottage No. 6
Sixto Y. Maceda , Jr. , Philippine pital , Blumentritt , Manila Sevilla , Dr. Victor- 1537 Azcarraga, --National Psychopatic Hospital, Man
General Hospital, Manila Jose Zamora , Cagayan, Oriental Mi Manila daluyong
Manuel C. Magboo , 255 Soler , Tondo, samis Sevilla , Dr. Azcarraga ,
Ona , Dr. Leonardo--San Jose , Ba
Carlos - 1537
Manila Andres T. Zavalla , Philippine Gen Manila tangas
Constantino P. Manahan , 36 Deme eral Hospital, Manila Tamesis , Dr. Jesus North General Ongsiako , Jr. Dr. Ramon - 2037
trio, Tuason, Manila Jose C. Zialcita , 1st Station Hospital , Huertas , Manila
Camp Floridablanca , Pampanga Hospital Pastoral, Dr. Aquilino Dagupan
Melencio M. Manansala , 405 Isabel , Tan , Dr. Macario G .-- North General
Sampaloc, Manila Howard C. Naffziger , Rm . 112 T City, Pangasinan
Arsenio B. Martinez , Bangar, La Un University of California Hospital (Hon Hospital Paz , Dr. Perfecto de la - North Gen
orary Fellow ) San Farncisco 22. Ca
Ubaldo , Dr. Aristeo R.-256 Icaza ,
ion
lifornia, USA San Miguel , Manila eral Hospital
Peñalosa , Dr. Eduardo San Pablo
Pedro N. Mayuga, Bohol Prov . Hos Velarde . Dr. Herminio Sr. - Philip
pital, Tagbilaran , Bohol JUNIOR SURGEONS GROUP
City , Laguna
pine General Hospital Peralta , Dr. Cesar Bacolod City ,
Salvador C. Meñez, Rm . 307 , Merce Vicencio , Dr. Antonio Cebu City ,
des Building, Plaza Miranda , Manila Cebu Occidental Negros
Serafin G. Meñez , 117 Navarra , Sam
Domingo Almeda , 1560 Espiritu , Sin Quilala , Dr. Francisco -52 Makiling ,
galong , Manila Yambao, Dr. Carlos V.-Philippine Quezon City
paloc, Manila Ildefonso B. Alunos , North General General Hospital
Nicanor D. Mendiola , Maternity & Quimpo , Dr. Jose - Davao City , Davao
Children's Hospital, 2134 Oroquieta , Hospital, España St. , Manila ACTIVE MEMBERS : Ramos , Dr. Emmanuel San Fernan
Manila
Jaime Aquino, 3544 Taft Avenue ,
Abdon, Dr. Alfredo - Malolos, Bula
Manila do, Pampanga
Justiniano T. Mendoza , Cagayan can Sandico , Dr. Mayorico - Naga City ,
Prov . Hospital, Tuguegarao , Cagayan Vicente Arnaldo, V. Luna General Alberto Dr. Severino -- University of Camarines Sur
Ramon D. Misa , Occ . Negros Prov . Hospital , AFP , Camias , Quezon City Sto . Tomas Hospital Santamaria , Dr. Pedro 755 Rizal
Hospital, Bacolod City Eduardo T. V. Austria , North Gen
Arguelles , Dr. Severina -Iloilo City , Avenue , Manila
Fernando D. Manalo , Notre Dame de eral Hospital, España St. , Manila Iloilo Santos, Dr. Gonzalo , Tarlac , Tarlac
Lourdes Hospital, Baguio City Hermina Baja - Panlilio , Philippine
Aves, Dr. Simon - Room 205 Alcazar Sayoc, Dr. Burgos - 228 Esmeralda ,
rsenio B. Morales , Cabanatuan Ci General Hospital , Manila Bldg . , Sta . Cruz
Alfredo Balderrama, Laguna Prov . Manila
ty , Nueva Ecija Azurin , Dr. Jose - Davao City , Davao Tionloc , Dr. Rafael University of
Mariano N. Morales , G. Briola
Hospital, Sta . Cruz , Laguna
S. Horaci . Banuelos, 1947 Rizal Ave. Basa , Dr. Carmelo Medical Dept. Sto. Tomas Hospital
Hospital, Daet, Camarines Norte Lue , Manila San Miguel Brewery Valenzuela, Dr. Jose-- Mary Johnston
Victor Nañagas, North General Hos Bienvenido David , Capt . , 3rd Station Ayuyao , Dr. Josefina R -- 1039 Penn Hospital, Manila
pital, España St. , Manila Hospital, Lipa , Batangas sylvania , Manila Velarde , Jr. Dr. Herminio_459 Ten
Pedro T. Nery. 71. Nevada, Quezon Rizalino de la Fuente , North Gen nessee , Malate , Manila
City Bautista , Dr. Ariston G. - Philippine
eral Hospital , España Si . , Manila General Hospital Villadolid , Dr. Victor F .--Philippine
Cayetano R. Oca , 1032 Pennsylvania , Francisco T. Galang , 183 Vision ,
Manila Bautista , Dr. Delfin - San Pablo City , General Hospital
Sampalor, Manila Laguna Villaroman , Dr. Felipe 248 Solis ,
Vicente R. de Ocampo , De Ocampo Tondo
Clinic & Haspital, 6-C Sociego, Ma Gregorio A. Galang, Nueva Erlia Bongco, Dr. Floro T.-Baguio City ,
nila Prov . Hospital , Cabanatuan City Mountain Province Tan Tiec , Dr. Vicente - 339 Juan
Ordoñez , Gregorio R. Gansico. 16 Pulog, Que. Chan , Dr. Jose - North General Hos Luna, Tondo
Delfin 0 . Occ . Negros
zon City pital ASSOCIATE MEMBERS :
Prov . Hospital, Bacolod City Gumersindo Garcia , Jr. , Philippine Austria , Dr. Cresencio Gen. Hq .
Sixto Y. Orosa , 1003 Taft Avenue , Casas, Dr. Ricardo_University of Sto .
Manila General Hospital, Manila Tomas Hospital Camp Crame, Q. C. 1

Alfredo L. Ortiz , 908 Antonio Ri

Luis Garcia , Cabanatuan City , Nue Cid , Dr. Corazon-- Malaybalay . Bu Banzon , Dr. Conrado - 1431 O'Don
va Ecija kidnon nell, Manila
vera, Tondo, Manila Antonio Gisbert, 11 Angela Apart
Nicanor Padilla , 176 Rodriguez Consing , Dr. Timoteo Iloilo City , Batungbacal, Dr. Ramon - Philippine
Arias , San Miguel , Manila ments , Santol , Quezon City Iloilo General Hospital
Ricardo Gochuico , 245 A. Mabini,
Cesar B. de Padua, Philippine Gen Fernando , Dr. - Antonio N. -9 East Concio, Dr. Ricardo - Tabora , Yang
Caloocan , Rizal co Market , Manila
eral Hospital, Manila Romeo Ignacio , Binakayan , Kawit, 71st . St. New York , U.S.A.
Paul C. Palencia , Paracale, Camar Cavite Filoteo , Dr. Cesar - Cebu City Cibu Denoga, Dr. Julita U- 1440 Economia ,
ir es Norte
Franco , Dr. Pacifica - 1009 Bembang, Sampaloc , Manila
Benigno Parayno, Dagupan City, Leopoldo C. Jose, 9 Ruilova , Sampa Manila
Fuente , Dr. Jose de la -- University
Pangasinan loc , Manila of Sto . Tomas Hospital
Artemio A. Pascual, North General Raymundo Macaraeg, 145 Gastambi Galaura , Dr. Leonardo Angeles , Garcia , Dr. Julian - 767 Maria Clara ,
Hospital, España St. , Manila de , Sampaloc , Manila Pampanga Sampaloc
Pelagio G. Potenciano , 50 Buenos Rodolfo Madlangsakay, 1429 - C Ver Galvez, Dr. Ruperto - 3454 Taft Ave Garcia , Dr. Luis - Cabanatuan , Nueva
Aires , Sta . Mesa , Manila niont, Manila uue, Pasay City Ecija
Antonio E. Querol , San Fernando, Luis D. Martinez, V. Luna General Garcia , Dr. Tierry-University Clinic , Gorospe , Dr. Alfredo Bureau of
La Union Hospital , Camias, Quezon City Taft Avenue Labor , Manila
Pedro B. Ramirez , 515 Quezon Blvd .. Pablo Α. Morales, Philippine Gen Gonzaga , Dr. Eduardo Iloilo City ,
eral Hospital, Manila Jardeleza , Dr. Ernesto - La Paz, Iloilo
Quiapo, Manila Iloilo Lapitan , Dr. Romulo - Pasig , Rizal
Porfirio M. Recio , Philippine Gen Jose B. Ojeda , North General HOS
rital, Manila Guzman , Dr. Placido_Angeles, Pam Lim , Dr. Gloria -- Philippine General
eral Hospital, Manila panga
Angel I. Reyes , 177 Blumentritt . Manuel Panlilio, 105 Mayon , Quezon Hospital
City Hernandez, Dr. Bayani - North Gen Legaspi , Dr. Antonio - Camiling, Tar
San Juan, Rizal eral Hospitai lac
Augusto W. de los Reyes , 388 Zamo Arturo Ramirez , Our Lady of Lour Herrera , Dr. Teodoro-University of Mangubat, Dr. Liborio Philippine
ra, Pasay City . des Clinic . Cabadbaran , Agusan
Sto . Tonias Hospital General Hospital
Godofredo T. Reyes , 536 M. H. del Julita Ramoso - Jalbuena, 1016 Paris , Horrilleno , Dr. Estrella Sta . Ana
Manila Marin , Dr. Jose -- North General Hos
Pilar . Manila Phil . Gen. Hospital
Narciso Reyes, North General HOS pital
Virgilio Ramos, 7 Apo, Quezon City Ibañez, Dr. Ricardo --Riverview Hos Martinez, Dr Antero -University of
Carmelo Reyes, Philippine General pital , España St. , Manila
Pedro Reyes , Jr. , 91 Ayo , Quezon pital, San Miguel, Manila Sto . Tomas Hospital
Hospital , Manila City Jalbuena , Dr. Alberto -- Jaro , Iloilo Mendoza , Dr. Jovito - Naga City , Ca
Jose R. Reyes North General Hos Legasto, Dr. Noe - University of Sto . marines Sur
pital, España St. , Manila Vicente Reyes , 405 San Lazaro , Ma Tomas Hospital Salvador, Dr. Conrado-- Botica Sal
Arturo L. Reyes , Dagupan City , nlla
Pangasinin Dominico A. Ruiz , 1146 Rizal Ave Lopez , Dr. Severino - 555 Pennsylva vador, San Juan , Rizal
nia , Manila Santos, Dr. Luis - Baliwag, Bulacan
Godofredo S. Reyes, Sta . Maria, llo nie , Manila
COS Sur Jose Gonzales - Samson , 2146 Rizal Lopez, Dr. Jose- University of Sto . Songco , Dr. Vicente--Philippine Gen
Avenue , Manila Tomas Hospital eral Hospital
Ordonio J. Reyes , North General Luczon , Dr. Luciano_420 P. Leoncio, St. Luke's
Pedro O. Sta . Romana , Cabanatuan Tuaño , Dr. Bernardo
Hospital, España St. , Manila Sampaloc , Manila
Pedro A. Rodriguez, Zamboanga Ci . City , Nueva Ecija Hospital
Medalle , Dr. PtolomeoSouthern Is Valenzuela , Dr. Carmencita R.
ty . Zamboanga Salvador Santiago , Malolos, Bulacan
Enrique P. Romilo , 2117 Escaler . Manuel Santos , Butuan , Agusan lands , Hospital , Cebu Philippine General Hospital
Sta . Cruz, Manila Alfredo F. Sison , 114 Sierra Madre, Montemayor , Dr. Ephraim Baguio Yatco, Dr. Ysmael 464 Rosaretos,
Sta . Mesa , Quezon City City, Mountain Province Sampaloc, Manila
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
Criminal Investigation & Secret Ser
113
Language-- Studied : -Teacher's Col-
lege , Columbia University -- Address : vice-Studied : -City Country of San
ham University, New York --Address : LIST OF PENSIONADOS FOR TRAIN .
c / o Philippine Normal College Bureau of Public Schools ING IN “ PUBLIC ROADS"
Francisco , USA-Address :
2.
Miss Eugenia Catig-Dr . Bolivar viser's Office , Malacañan Police Ad 1950 PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT Rodolfo Maslog . c / o Bureau of Puh
Falconer Scholarship Fund -Field 8. Mr. Crispin Las Marias - Field :
Nursing - Studied : - Children's Hospital Mechanized Farming -- Studied : PENSIONADOS lic Works, Manila .
Agri- 1.
Cincinnati , Ohio - Address :-St. Luke's cultural and Mechanical Miss LourdesCostes Field : Rosalio Villalon c/o Bureau of Pub
Hospital , Manila College of English for Normal Schools -- Studied : lic Works , Manila .
3 Mrs. Texas , College Station , Texas , USA, University Leoncio O. Limjuco c/o Bureau of
Concepcion de la Rosa- Address : -College of Agriculture , Col- Address : - ofc /California
o , Los Angeles
Public Works , Manila .
Bureau of Public
Marshall Field Scholarship ( 1 ) -Field : lege , Laguna Vicente A. Purugganan c /o Bureau
Nursing -Studied : -Baylor University Schools
9. Mr. Jose Martinez - Field : Cen- 2. of Public Works, Manila .
School of Nursing, Dallas, Texas -- Ad Mrs Agripina Gubatan - Field :
dress :-c / o Department of Health tral Banking-- Studied :-- Federal Re Export Promotion-Studied : -Bureau Pedro G. Afable c/o Bureau of Pub
4 . Miss Begonia Pobre --Marshall serve System , Wasington , D. C. , USA of Commerce , Washington , DC-- Ad- lic Works, Manila .
Address :-Central Bank of the Philip dress :-- C / O Commissioner of Import Roman S. Natividad c/o Bureau o :
Field Scholarship Fund-Field : Nurs pines . Control
ing Studied : Baylor University 10 . Mr. Leopoldo Reyes-Field : 3.
Public Works , Manila .
school of Nursing , Dallas , Texas- Ad Mr. Mariano Herrera - Field : Jose H. Rivera , c/ Bureau of Public
dress : -Dallas , Texas Sanitary Engineering in Potable Wa- Petroleum Geology - Studied :-Leland Works, Manila .
5. Mr. Rufino ter System & Waste Deposit, Studied Stanford University , California - Ad
Quicho - Standard San Francisco Water Abelardo B. Carrillo c/o Bureau of
Vacuum Oil Co. Scholarship Fund USA-Address : c / o Departm
Depart mententof, dress--Bureau of Mines
Public Works , Manila
Field :--Chemical Engineering - Studied 4 Mr. Oscar Morales-Field :-Cri
Leland Stanford - Address :-c / o health City Health Officer Ernesto C. Mercado - Major , CE, Arm
Bu- 11 . minal Investigation Laboratory Tech ed Forces of the Philippines.
reau of Mines
Mr. Hilario Santos- Field :--Vo nique and Procedure-Studied : -East
Studied : Colorado Clemente G. Guerrero
cational Education Lansing , Michigan , State College , Capts. ., CE
1947 PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT A & M College , Fort Collins , Colorado USA-Address : Military Intelligence Armed Forces of the Philippine
PENSIONADOS Address : -- C / 0Pablo
Bureau of Education Lt. Ramiro Regalado - CE , Armed
12 . Mr. Service , Camp Murphy Forces of the Philippines .
1. Mr. Vitaliano Bernardino - Field : Soriano - Field : 5 . Mr. Lamberto Un Ocampo ---
Curriculum Development Studied : Mechanical Engineering Majoring in Field : -- Sanitary Major Leopoldo Relunia - CE , Armed
Colorado State College of Education , Industrial Plant Design , Studied :-Ca Engineering - Study Forces of the Philippines.
ing University of California , Berkeley , Major Salvador T. Villa-CE, Armed
Univ . of California-Address :-c /o lifornia State Polytechnic College , San California - Address - Berkeley, Cali
Division of City Schools , Malolos , Bu Obispo , Cal .. Address : c / o Depart tornia Forces of the Philippines.
lacan ment of National Defense Martiniano V. Ligon 944 Bilibid
6 . Mr. Francisco de la Rosa-Field :
13. Voltaire Sotto- Field : Com Viejo , Manila,
Mr. Virgilio Benavid Field : Immigration Practice and Procedure
Central Banking- Studied :-es-
2.
Federal munications including electronics , etc. , Studied :-Bureau of Immigration & Alfredo S. Buenaventura - Sta . Maria ,
Reserve Banking of New York - Ad Studied :-New York , RCA - Address : Naturalization Service. Bulacan .
c/ o Nat . Institute , Radio School of Wash .,D.C .--
dress : -c / o Back Pay Division , Bu Address : -- C / o Sec . of Justice Bureau Gilberto G, Mercado - Hagunoy, Ta
reau of Treasury . Techonology , Cebu City of Immigration giig, Rizal .
3. Mr. Edgar Bond -- NBI - Field : 14 . Mis Florencia Sugue-Field : 7. Miss Rosalinda Sarmenta-Field : Lucas P.
Ballistics & Questioned Documents Elementary Education Studied : Cle Paredes - 418 Paquita St. ,
Studied : -Federal Bureau of Investi veland , Ohio .-- Address : -c /o Philid Elementry Education - Studying :-Seat Sampaloc , Manila .
tle Public School , USA - Address : Vicente V. Serrano - Masbate , Masba
gation , Washington , D. C .-- Address : pine Normal College Seattle Public School , USA te .
c /o National Bureau of Investigation 1948 DONATION SCHOLARSHIPS : 8. Mr. Filadelfo Tugade - Field :- Angel R. Lazaro, Jr.-Malabon , Rizal
( NBI ) -Manila Inspec- Carlos L. Castillo_Manila Engineer
4. Mr. Diosdado Garcia - Field : 1.
Miller Miss Antonia Altonaga
Memorial
--- Hugo
Scholarship H.
Fund Safety
tion - Studied : -IllinoisIncluding
Engineering Institute of
Aircraft and Engine Maintenance ing District , Dept. of Public Works
Field :-English for Normal Schools Technology, Chicago , Ill . , USA - Ad- and Communications .
Studied : -Maintenance of the Pan
American World Airways , S.F .-- Ad
Studied - Teacher's College , Philippine
Columbia dress :-c / Department of Labor
Villanueva
University - Address :-C / O 9. Mr. Sixto Field :
dress : -c /o C.A.A. ( Civil Aeronautics Normal College Metal Processing and Tool Engineer
Administration ) Pesarillo - Dr . Bo .
2 . Miss Genara Scholar ing - Studying :Fenn College , Cleveland , PENSIONADOS AWARDED
5. Mr. Federico Illustre -Field :- livar Falconer ship fund- Ohio Address : Fen College , LIST OF
Cleve TRAINING GRANTS IN
Architecture-Studied
Californ :-Sanc / oFrancisco
People's, Field : -- Nursing , Pedriatics- Studied : land , Ohio ,USA METEOROLOGY
ia-- Address :
-Baylor , Dallas , Texas - Address :
Homesite Corporation Dallas , Texas 1950 DONATION SCHOLARSHIPS Designated April 15 , 1947 :
6. Mr. Arcadio Matela -- Field : Vo 3. Mr. Ernesto Rigor- Standard Abraham Perez y Abad - Dept. of
1. Mr. Pedro Laudencia -- Standard
cational Education - Studied :- Iowa Oil Co. Scholarship Fun Physics , Univ . of the Phil.
Vacu Scholarship Fund
um Oil CompanyFarmings Vacuum
Bernardino Batangui y Gavino --2264
State College Ames, USA -- Address :- Field :-Mechanized Stu
Field :-Mechanized Farming - Studied :
c /o Department of Education died : --University of California , Davis , Louisiana State University, Agricul Anacleto , Sta . Cruz , Manila
7. Mr. Emiliano Morabe- Field : California - Address - Division of Soil Mariano Estoque y Alhambra -1282
이 Conciliation of Industrial Disputes tural and Mechanical University , Uni Musa, Sampaloc , Manila
Studied : -National Relations Board .
Survey & Conservation versity Station , Baton , Rouge , Louisia Fernando Tienzo y de Belen - Weath- .
Washington , D.C.- Address : Depart- 1949 PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT na - Address :-Central Luzon Agricul er Bureau , Manila
ment of Labor PENSIONADOS tural College . Severino Legarda Koh y Un-1042 '
8. Mr. Cayetano Pineda Field : 2. Mrs. Eufrosina Millan - Col. An Int. P. Benavidez, Manila
1. dres Soriano Scholarship Fund - Field :
Chemical Engineering - Studied :-Uni Mr. Abelardo Albis-Field :-Eng Isidro Cariño y Dimaranan - Coll, of
versity of California --Address :-- C / O lish-Studied : -University of Illinois , Post Graduate in Education -- Studying Engineering. U.P.
Urbana , Illinois , USA , Address -- c / o Fordham University , New York - Ad Bernardino Perez
Department of Agriculture & Natural Bureau of Public Schools dress : Still in States ( Fordham Uni
y Abad - 926 - P
Resources Leoncio St. , Samp . , Manila
9. Recio -- Field :-San 2. Mr. Julio Alcantara- Field : versity , New York ) Hugo de la Cruz y Santa Cruz
Mr. Victor 3. Miss Floria Teodoro - Dr. Bolivar
itary Engineering — Studied :-Universi Modern Penology - Studied :-Universi 1550 Syson , Paco , Manila
ty of Illinois , Urbana , Illinois-Address ty , Ohio State University , Colum- Falconer Scholarship Fund-Field : Manuel Bonjoc y Castillo - 49 Loreto
bus , Ohio , -Address : -c / o Depart- Nursing with emphasis on Children's Int. 4 , Sampaloc , Manila
Urbana , Illinois -- Address :-c / o Metro ment of Justice Diseases - Studying :-Galveston , Tex Nelson Isada y Mijares - 2394 F. Huer
politan Water District
Sunico - Field : 3 . Miss Lourdes Burgos-Field :. as School of Nursing-Address : Still tas, Manila
10. Mr. Lorenzo Elementary Education-Studied :-Me- in the States (Galveston , Texas )
Ballistics & Questioned Documents Minnesota , Pedro Florentino y Florendo 930
Studied : -- Federal Bureau of Investi neapolis , USA-Address : Eloisa , Sampaloc , Manila
Manuel Saman
Washington , c /o Philippine Normal College 1951 PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT iego y Lualhati
gation , D.C .-- Address : 4. Mr. Martin Celino - Field :-Plant PENSIONADOS
National Bureau of Investigation 2109 Misercordia , Sta . Cruz , Manila
( NBI ) -Manila Diseases, -Studied :-University of Illi 1. Miss Aurora Calimquim -Field : Crisostomo Reyes y Castro -- Coll. of
11. Mr. Jose Trinidad -- Field :-Puh nois , Urbana , Illinois , USA , Address : Elementary Education , -Assigned :-San Engineering, U.P.
lic Finance Studied : -- American Uni -C / o Department of Agriculture and Francisco Public Schools, California . Tito Mijares y Abella --Weather Bu
Natural Resources , resu , Manila
Washington Univ . , Address : San Francisco , California
versity & George 5. Mr. Ambrosio
Lina-Field : -- In
Washington --Address : -Department of 2 . Dr. Braulio de Castro - Field : An- Jesus Flores y Flores -- 1226 Sisa , Sam
ternal Revenue Tax Administration esthesiology -- Studying :Hartford Hospi- pe loc , Manila
Finance
12 . Mr. Paciano Villavieja - Field : Studied -Bureau of Internal Revenue , tal Hartford Connecticut - Address :- Eugenio Manalo y Buenviaje - Weath
C
Inclu Washington , D. C. , USA-Address : Hartford , Connecticut . er Bureau , Manila
Labor Problems, Labor Laws. Collector of Internal Revenue , 3. Mr. Enrique Cruz - Field :-Social Peregrino Reyes y Sebastian -- 572 Int
ding the N.L.R. and Mediation & Con 6. Mr. Pedro Pascacio_Field : Peñafrancia , Paco Manila
ciliation - Studied : University of Mi Measurement and Research-Studied : Security Administration -- Assigned : So
cial Security board , Washington, D. C. Alejandro Tantoco y Gaspar 2133
chigan , US Dept of Labor in Concilia University of California , Los Angeles, Oroquieta, Sta . Cruz, Manila
tion with Federal Mediation & Con Address : Social Security Board , Wa
cilation Service - Address : c /o C.I.R. California - Address : --C / O Director of
shington , D. C. , USA . Farnacio Luistro y Maralit 1025
Public Schools Azcarraga , Manila
( Court of Industrial Relations , Manila ) 4 . Miss Toribia Dancel-- Field . Ele .
7 Ramon Peralta , Jr. - Field :
Mr. mentary Education - Assigned : Berke- Romeo Goyenechea y Castueras
1947 DONATION SCHOLARSHIPS :
11
1. Mrs. Clemencia Abella- Bolivar
Architectural Desiguotuuled :-Univer ley Public Schools , Berkeley , Califor 328 Dandan , Tondo, Manila
Falconer_Scholarship Fund Field : sity of California , Berkeley , California , nia -Address : Still in the United Manuel L. Carreon , Jr. , y Goduco
Nursing Education & Clinical Supervi -Address :-c / o Dept. of Pubic Works States 272 Inverness , Sta . Ana , Manila
Malacañan Pablo Samson y Quijano 319 Ba
sion - , Studied : University of Pennsyl 8. Mrs. Flora Piñero ,-Field :-Eng 6. Mr. Dimas Maulit - Field : -- Agri tangas St. , Sta . Cruz, Manila
vania Philadel phia - Address: Philip lish- Studied : - Indiana University
cultural Economics-Assigned : Bureau Dominador Canlas y Calalang 1212
pine General Hospital ( PGH ) Bloomington , Indiana, USA -- Address : of Agricultural Economics of Washing Fernando Ma . Guerrero , Tondo , Mani
2. Uy
Mr. Prospero Barreta ton , D. C .-- Address : Washington , D.C. la
Standard Vacuum_Oil Co. Scholarship Bloomington Felina
, IndianaReyes --Field :-Ap USA
9. Miss 7. Miss Fausta Mata-Field : Elemen Cella Gallego y 'Tiongson 693 Ve
Field : Chemica Enginee
l in Fer
ring prenticeship Training - Studied :-Na
tilizer-Studied University of Califor tary Education Assigned : Public lasquez, Tondo, Manila
nia-Address :-National Development tional Labor Relations Board , Wash Schools of Denver , Colorado , USA- Isauro de Jesus y Bajar 2019 Al
Company ( NDC ) ington , D.C . , - Address :-c / o Depart Address : Denver , Colorado , USA . neda . Tondo , Manila
ment of Labor 8. Miss Timotea Miranda Field : Napoleon Roque y Samson San
3. Mr. Maximo Ramos-Hugo H. Ildefonso , Bulacan
Fund 10 . Mr. Juan Rivera -- Field :-Muni Home Economics Studying : State
Miller Memorial Scholarship cipal Government Administration Nicanor Sacro y Valdez - 1183 Agno ,
English for Regional Normal College of Agriculture and Applied
Field : Studied :-University of Wisconsin , Malate , Manila
Schools - Studied :-Bloomington , India Sciences Manhattan , State of Kansas .
Madison , Wisconsin, USA - Address : Modesto Libuit y Olan-1305 Ibarra,
na
University Address :-Philippine Address : Manhattan , Kansas, USA . Sampaloc, Manila
Normal College ( PNC ) Malacañan 9. Mr. Hilario Nudas - Field : Trade
11 . Miss Crisanta Tangco - Field : and Industrial Education Studying : Jaime Tecson y Joaquino 450 Pru
1948 PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT Elementary Education Studied :-De dencia , Tondo , Manila
PENSIONADOS troit , Michigan , USA-Address : -Dj .
Stout Institute, Menomonie , State of Gil Nones y Poblete - 222 Nacar , San
Wisconsin, USA-Address : Menomonie , Andres Subd . , Manila
1. Mr. Julian Bulanadi-Field : --- vision of City Schools State of Wisconsin .
T
Agricultural Engineering - Studied :- 12 . Miss Generosa Visque - Field : 10. Mr. Pedro Paje-Field : Prison In Reynaldo Reyes y Caringal clo Dr
Iowa State College , Ames , USA --Ad- Nursing -Pedriatics, Obstetrics & Gy dustries — Visiting : Prisons in the Marcelino Batista , Biñan, Laguna
dress : -c / o Bureau of Plant Industry necology-Studied :- Saint Louis Hosp
State California -- Address :
of Sacra- Designated June 26 , 1947 : c/o Weather
2. Mr. Honorato Dizon - Field : Cen- Sch . of Nursing, St. Louis , Missouri mento, California . Bureau , Manila
tral Banking- Studied : Federal Re- Address : c / o Bur . of Hospitals -Ma Arturo Alcaraz
serve System , Washington , D.C. - Ad- ternity & Children's Hospital. 11. Mr. Agustin Patricio — Field : Cri
minal Investigation and Police Work- Joaquin Gallego
dress-c / o Central Bank of the Phil Edilberto Parulan
1949 DONATION SCHOLARSHIPS : Asigned : Police Laboratory and Police
ippines. Department, City of Los Angeles , Ca Angel Litongjua
. 3. Mrs. Purisima Dumaual---( By de 1 Miss Filomena Colendrino- Hugo Nicanor Grajo
tail - NBI ) Field : -Optical Method of H. Miller Memorial Scholarship lifornia -- Address : Los Angeles , Califor Emiliano Manuel
Chi nia . Lorenzo Goli
Analysis – Studied :-University of Field : -- English for Normal Schools-.
cago - Address :-National Bureau of Studied :-- Stanford University, Califor- 1951 DONATION SCHOLARSHIPS : Leoncio Santos
Marcelo Cruz
Investig
4. Mr.ation ( NBI Edualino-
Emilio ) nia , -Address : -C / O Private Schools 1. Mr. Ignacio Ang Standard va
Field : Fastor Darov
2 . Miss Rebecca Pacis - Dr. Bolivar cuum Oil CO . scholarship fund-Field : Elisio Bautista
Elementary Education Studied :--Los
Angeles Falconer Scholarship Fund - Field : Mechanized Farming-Studying : Col
, California , City Board of Bonifacio de la Cruz
Nursing - Studied :-University of Te- lege of Agriculture Davis, California- Alfonso Jozen
Education --Address : c / 0 Philippine xas , Galveston , Texas - Address Gal- Address : Davis , California .
Normal College Anastacio Marayag
veston , Texas 2. Miss Teodora Corpuz Hugo H. Jose M. Reyes
5. Mr. Roy Gil-Field :-Commun Miller Memorial Scholarship Fund- Lorenzo Tolentino
ication , including electronics , etc. 3. Mr. Guillermo Santos - Standard
Studied : -New York University - Ad Field : Elementary Education Studying Delfin Rosales
Vacuum Oil Co. Scholarship Fund
Eastern Kentucky State Teacher's Col- Hermogenes Enecilla
dress : -c / 0 Department of Com Field :-Mechanized Farming -- Studied : lege , Richmond , Ky .-Address : Rich- Basilio Jimenez
merce and Industry -University of Nebraska , Lincoln , Designated March 1 , 1948
6. Mr. Wenceslao Gozon - Field : Nebraska - Address :-- c / o National Rice mond , Kentucky.
3. Miss Concepcion Yumul--Dr . Bo- Paulo S. Castillo , Jr.- 13 Figueroa .
Employment Service - Studied : Nation Corporation livar Falconer Scholarship Fund- Rizal
al Relations Board , Washington , USA 4 . Mr. Oseas del Rosario -Col . An- Field : Nursing -Pschiatric Studying :
Bienvenido V. Cabacungan - c / o La
Address : C / o Department of Labor dres Soriano Scholarship Fund Field : Galveston School of Nursing-Address : Union High School , San Fernando .
Mr. Isaias Alma JoseField : Elementary Education Studied : -Ford Galveston , Texas . Lit Union
144 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Pedro P. Hernandez-1156 Maria Cris- Public Health Nursing Supervision Felixberto C. Azicate -- 1086 Governor Jesus S. Torres- 347 Raon , Sta . Cruz ,
tina, Sampaloc , Manila Mrs. Mercedes R. Ordonez Forbes , Sampaloc , Manila . Manila .
Agapito L. Dano - 505 Don Pedro , Mrs. Rosa C. Rimando Mauricio A. Alcon --2322 Int . 7 Her- Simeon V. Javier -- 1460 Abreu , San
Singalong Subd . , Manila Public Health Education tan . Paco , Manila . Miguel , Manila .
Elpidio D. Makana3-2609 ( Int. 3 ) Mrs. Carmen del Rosario Mario C. Sulit - 649 Sales , Sta . Cruz Agapito Balagtas - Capas, Tarlac .
Ferran , Sta . Ana , Manila Miss Agustina de la Cruz Manila . Eufemio S. Flores - 687 Jones , Ave
Virgilio Balagot - 1380 Trabajo , Sam- Training grants under the Rehabili Francisco Aljas Taroc - 1482 Taal St. , nue , Cebu City .
paloc, Manila tation Act of 1946 in the field of " Pub Singalong Subd ., Manila . Claro Timoteo - Malolos , Bulacan .
Juanito F. Lirios - 1440 Arellano , Sin- lic Health Administration . " ( c / o De Benjamin G. Angeles - 700 Gov. Fos- Oscar M. Guerrero-- 1015 Carola ,
galong Subd ., Manila partment of Health ) hes, Int. 7 , Sampaloc, Manila . Sampaloc, Manila .
Gaudencio Soliven_1749 Felix Huer- Designated 1947 Jose D. Verzosa- 19 - B P. Reyes . Pa- Eduardo F. Cuaderes - 391 Solis , Int.
tas , Manila Dr. Clemente Gatmailan ( Study Say , Rizal . 4. Tondo , Manila .
Juan F. Asuncion --c / o Weather Bu- grant ) ( C ) Airways Vaintainance Perfecto M. Soriano - 480 Int. 35
real , Manila Designated 1949 Horacio Abreau y Hizon-999 Wash
Justo B. Valbuena--Bambang , Nue- Dr. Demetrio del Monte ( Travel Lealtad , Sampaloc, Manila ,
irgton , Sampaloc , Manila . Juan A. Herrera , Jr .--Dolores , Que
va Vizcaya giant ) Bienvenido Peralta y Cid-338 Ten 2012 .
Constante Ventura-310 F. Fernando , Dr. Macario Cuerpocruz ( Travel ressee , Malate , Manila . Vicente A. Dizon -- 519 Sales , Quiapo ,
Pizal grant ) Dominador P. Oliva - Pateros . Rizal . Manila .
Luis J. Jacildo - 41 Gustilo , La Paz. Dr. 'Tranquilino Elicaño ( Travel Faustino Fernandez 2023 - D Felix Hector Navarro - Kawit , Cavite ,
Iloilo City grant )
Rafael G. Ungson , Jr .-- 5 Mariveles, Dr. Conrado Batenga , ( Study grant) Huertas, Sta . Cruz , Manila . Juanito Recio--Signal Corps School,
Quezon City Benjamin E. Martiner - 1006 Verga AFP , Polo , Bulacan .
Training grants in Public Health rai , Manila . Arturo C. Crespo - 419 Int . 4 , Gomez ,
Marcelo M. Orense-- 1047 Florida, Ma . who signed their contracts and when Ricardo C. Dimayuga - 406 Adelina , Paco, Manila ,
lite, Manila designated . Sampaloc, Manila . Teofilo Cacanando - 24 ( Int . ) Buenos
Virente , Aldaba , Jr. — 259 Maganda , ( Study Grant ) Leonardo R. Vicencio --47 F. Blumen Aires , Sta . Mesa , Manila .
Sta . Mesa , Manila Dr. David A. Garcia - Feb . 2, 1952, tritt. Mandaluyong, Rizal .
Horatio P. Brion-123 Lavanderos . c/o Bureau of Health . Bernardo del Rosario - 3Rain Tri CIVII AERONAUTICS
Sampaloc, Manila Dr. Jose Cuyegkeng-Feb . 2 , 1950, c /o Ron , Sainpaloc , Manila . ( Designated on May 11 , 1949 )
Antonio I. Mabasa 1479 Constancia , Bureau of Health . Vicente B. de la Paz- 47 J. M , Basa ( a ! Airways Communications
Sampalcc, Manila Dr. Josephne B. Balea - Feb . 2 , 1950 , St. , Marikina, Rizal . Jesus S. Nievera -- 206 Digna Bldg ..
Catalino P. Arafiles --- 307 Leveriza , c/o Bureau of Health . Rodolfo Aguilar - 1570 A. Calixto Dy- Dasmariñas, Manila .
Rizal City Dr. Gerardo L. Adan-Feb . 2, 1950 , co, Paco, Manila . Jose G. Valmonte - 324 P. Campa,
Conrado P. Estanislao - 2141 Azcar c/o Bureau of Health . Federico Salvador 143 San Anton , Sumpaloc, Manila .
raga , Manila Andres Y. Cruz - Feb . 2, 1950, c/ o Sampaloc , Manila .
Emmanuel F. Niño-- 14 Baco, Quezon Amado M. Crisostomo - Pilar , Bataan . Conrado D. Pineca -422 Int . Dima
Bureau of Health . Salang , Sampaloc , Manila .
City Dr. Lauro S. Garlia - Feb . 2, 1950 , Jorge Villanuev3.-- 84 A. M. Santos
Samuel O. Abellera-- 35 3rd St., Es
Rodolfo Ledesma - c / o Redemptorist c / o Bureau of Health . P : say, Rizal .
Monastery , Baclaran , Parañaque , Rizal Dr. Florencia M. Herrera Feb. 2, Migue! C. Javier - 44 - A Cenientina . paña Ext . , Quezon City .
Design April 4, 1949 — c / o Weather 1950, c/o Bureau of Health . Doroteo H. Abaga - 241 Karapatan ,
Dr. Consorcia G. Bautista --Feb . 2, Pasay, Rizal . Sta . Cruz , Manila
Bureau , Manila Bartolome A. Felix -- 143 San Anton . Arcadio M. Carandang , Jr .-- 18 Calle
Vicente V. Mingadap 1950, c/ o Bureau of Health . Sampalo , Manila .
Agustin B. Lazo Dr. Jose A. Florendon Feb. 2, 1950
jon Raniona , Bilibid Viejo, Quiapo ,
Pabio M. Heyrana - 255 Int . 20 San Manila ,
Pastor P. Vidal c /o Bureau of Health . Andres , Malate , Manila .
Macario Esperanza Dr. Ignacia de Jesus-- Feb . 2, 1950, Designated May 10 , 1947 Raymundo Veloz -- 31 Redemptorist,
Alvier Makanas co Bureau of Health . ( a ) Air Traffic Control Peclararı, Parañaque, Rizal .
Jose Leonardo Dr. Lourdes R. Espiritu - Feb . 2, 1950 Gaudencio Peña y Orbeta , Jr. Guillermo R. Gabriel--253 Beata ,
Felix Encina c / o Bureau of Health , Fandacan , Manila .
Marciano Hiponla Dr. Vicente E Bandonill -Feb . 2, 1 Riovista , San Migucl, Manila Kaiser Estrada - Civil Aeronautics
Henry Fajardo y Sarmiento
Pacifico Acuna 1950, c / o Bureau of Health . Riverside , San Juan , Rizal . Administration , Nichols Field .
Gelacio Tolentino Mr. Pastor E. Echavez -- Feb . 2, 1950, ( b ) Airways Communications
Ciriaco E. Guintu- 1716 Economia ,
Ricardo Ontengco c / o Bureau of Health . Romeo G. de Leon 1166 Int . Sin - Sampaloc , Manila .
Segundo Alejo Miss Victoria S. Sevilla - Feb . 2, 1950 , Salong , Malate, Manila . Crisologo 0. Valdez - 22 M. Arenas
List of pensionados for training c / o Bureau of Health , Mauricio A. Alcon -- 2322 Int . 7 Her- Sampaloc , Manila .
grants in Meteorology ( Weather In Miss Presentacion A. Estrada - Feb . 2 , ran , Paco , Manila . Oscar Leon Flores--728 Pennsy :
de
formation ) who specialized particular 1950 , c /o Bureau of Health . Mario C. Sulit - 649 Sales , Sta . Cruz venia . Malate , Manila .
fields for the length of time indicated Miss Socorro P. Alfiler-Feb . 2 , 1950, Manila . Benjamin B. Blando- Cebu Royal
C / O Bureau of Health .
opposite their names . Francisco Aljas Taror -- 1482 Taal St .. Piant, Cebu City .
( In the c / o The Weather Bureau ) -- Mrs. Elisa L. Jimeno-Feb . 2 , 1950 , Nicanor T. Gumban- 1193 Metrice .
c/o Bureau of Health . Siugalong Subd . , Manila .
Desingated Nov. 3 , 1949 Eenjamin C. Angeles- 700 Gov. For- Sampaloc, Manila .
Ruhen de Castro -- Administration- Miss Paula D. San Diego - Feb . 2, bes, Int Pedro de Guzman , Jr. -55 Plaridel
1950 , c / o bureau 01 Healin . 7. Sampaioc, Manila .
3 1/2 months ( c ) Airways Maintenance St. , San Roque, Cavite City .
Napoleon S. Roque - Marine Meteo Mrs. Petra A. Refuerzo - Feb , 2 , 1950 ,
c / o Bureau of Heaith . Benjamin E. Martinez-- 1006 Vergara , Carlos San Pedro - 232 Tuberias .
rology - 3 1/2 months Manila . Quiapo , Manila .
Soverino Koh -- IMO and ICAO Re Dr. Marcelina F. Reyes - Feb . 2 1950. Miguel C Javier-- 44 - A Cementina . Onotre A. Sugue --Bureau of Lands .
gulations C / O Bureau of Healtn .
and Procedures 3 1/2
Pasay, Rizal . Manila
nionths ( Travel Grants )
Dr. Mariano C. Icasiano - Feb . 2 , 1950 , Training Grants In Civil Aeronautics Jose R. Qulogue -- 1115 Singalong, Ma
Teodoro Lucero - Administration and nila .
Files - 3 1/2 months c / o Bureau of Health , ( Designated Feb. 27 , 1948 )
Dr Florencio Firme-Feb . 2, 1950, ( a ) Air Traffic Control : Domingo Celis - 1271 Constancia ,
Faustino Viilanueva . - Liorary Science Cesar S. Wycoco-2556 T. Earnshaw . Sampaloc , Manila .
--3 1/2 months c / o Bureau of Health ,
Ruben Encarnacion - Weather Data Dr. Jose B. Reyes - Feb . 2 , 1950 , c/ o Gagalangin , Manila . Sofio Oporto - 135 Sikatuna St. Cebu
Bureau of Health . Pastor Gonzales - 28 F. Fernandez , City .
Editing -- 3 1/2 months San Juan , Rizal .
Federico Jambalos - Meteorology Dr. Saturnino Ador - Dionisio - Feb . 2. Eliseo Siscar - C / O Police Department.
1950, c / o Bureau of Health . Alfonso A. Angeles -- 108 Buen viaje , Juan F. Abito-2396 Herran , Paco .
1 year Quiapo , Manila .
Designated September 30 , 1949 Mrs. Vicenta C. Ponce - Feb . 2 , 1950 , Manila .
Ricardo Cruz instruments -- 3 1/2 c /o Bureau of Health , Gregorio M. Dayao , Jr.-- 176 Concep Mario Catan-301 -A Junquera St. ,
months ( Study Grants ) cien ( Y.M.C.A. ) , Manila Cebu City .
Dr. Francisco R. Jose--May 12 , 1950, Rufino L. Puna - 751 Cavite, Manila .
Eulogio Coloma - Radiosonde Opera Terencio S. Alviola - Silliman Univ .. Uriel B. Tiano--25 Taft Ext . , Bacla
c'o Bureau of Health , ran , Parañaque, Rizal.
tion and Maintenance-3 1/2 months
Dr. Wigberto Clavecilla - March 14 , ersity , Dumaguete , Neg . Or . Emeterio J. Juamiz - 2325 Juan Luna ,
Nemesio Gabbuat-Radiosende Oper 1950 , Malacañan , Manila . Alberto P. Espinosü - Santa Barbara ,
ation and Maintenance - 3 1/2 months Tondo , Manila .
Mrs. Francisca Cruz - March 14 , 1950. Iloilo . Casimiro J. David -- 55 P. Guevara
Bienvenido Yap-Inspection and In Dept. of Health .
struinerit Calibration -- 3 1/2 months S. Marcial A. Amadore- 180 Trabajo , Ave. , San Juan Heights , Rizal.
Dr. Emmanuel T. Gatchalian-March Sampaloc, Manila . Rogelio C. Santos -- 50 M. Salvador .
Quirino Pagaddu Marine Liaison 14. 1950 , Bureau of Health .
and Instrument Calibration - 3 1/2 Francisco G. Fermin -- 340 F. Icasia- San Juan Rizal .
lisonths Mrs. Elena Quioque - March 14 , 1950, no, Paco, Manila . Windalino R. B Evora - 1142 Gonza
Bureau of Health . Honorio C. Lapid - Assciated Res- io , Malate , Manila .
Designated December 16 , 1949 CIVIL AERONAUTICS taurant, Baclaran . Benjamin Defensor --591 Galicia ,
Dr. Casimiro del Rosario - Observit ( Designated on May 5, 1947 )
tion and Survey of the U.S. Weather Armando B. Lucindo -- 2418 - A Felix Sampaloc , Manila .
(a ) Air Traffic Control Salvador J. Floresca - 602 Trabajo .
Bureau - 1 month Huertas, Sta . Cruz , Manila .
Timoteo Villate --c / o Bureau of Aero Vitaliano B. Mamawal, Jr. - 1235 Sampaloc , Manila .
List of pensionados for training nautics , Manila .
grants in " public health ' who spe- Genaro Malvar y Paras , Jr. - 678 Pe O'Donnell , Sta . Cruz , Manila . Restituto V. Fontanilla-312 Isabel
cialized in the fields indicateci Nicolas Isabelo , Jr .-- 16 Buenos Aires , Int . 151 Sampaloc, Manila .
ñafrancia , Paco, Manila . Sta . Mesa , Manila Lorenzo N. Macaspac - 816 T. Alon
( Designated December 18, 1947 ) Jesus Cabatingan y Yap - 147 - B LA
General Public Health Administration garda St. , Sampaloc, Manila . Remigio Carsi Cruz-615 Union , Pa- zo, Sta . Cruz , Manila .
CU, Manila . Avelino M. OduliaCamp Florida
Dr. Clernente S. Gatmaitan Gaudencio Peña y Orbeta , Jr-- 1 Rio
Public Health Phases of Tuberculosis vista , San Miguel , Manila . jesus P. Sabaran-56 Pepin , Sampa . blanca , Sig . Branch , Afp .
Abraham Vinluan y Castañeda-- 20 Joc, Manila . Gregory Magsino- 100 Maryland , Cu
Dr. Olympio T. Roque bao , Quezon City .
Dr. Alfredo Sison V. Serrano, Maria Guizon, Tondo , Ma Honorio Magundayao--2392 Int . 2
Dr. Eduardo Duran nila . ( b ) Airways Communications :
Paterno Peralta y Mejica204 Re Apolonio Ꭱ. Villega3-10 Taytay, Herran , Paco , Manila .
Dr. Diosdado M. Tech Jorge Bernardino - 264 Constancia ,
V. D. Control ten , Sampaloc , Manila . Maypajo , Caloocan , Rizal .
Henry Fajardo y Sarmiento10 Ri Sixto O. de Leon -- 150 Tecson West , Sampaloc, Manila .
Dr. Antonio Lozann
Malariologist verside, San Juan , Rizal . Manila . Mario Cayetano -- 2212 - G . Rizal Ave ..
Antonio N. Fenix- 2132 Int. N. Na Sta . Cruz , Manila
Dr. Merced Duque Teodoro Sto . Domingo y Peralta , Jr.
Dr. Fernando S. Francisco 46 Calavite St. , La Loma , Quezon tividad , Sta . Cruz, Manila . Esequias Elechicon-- Rizal Elementary
Dr. Jose L. Abues City Francisco A. Zarate -- 564 P. Noval , School, Iloilo City .
Leonardo Carlos - 110 - W Cavite St.
Maternal and Child Health Ambrosio Azul y Yorobe_1229 Leal . Sampaloc, Manila .
Dr. Fredeswinda R. de Leon tad , Sampaloc, Manila . Gagalangin , Manila .
Simeon V. Bonzon--512 Requesens ,
Dr. Tagumpay Esguerra David Almendres y Beltran - 619 Cen Sta . Cruz, Manila . Roberto Lucas-1943 Tennessee, Ma
tro , Sampaloc , Manila . late , Manila
Dr. Luzonica C. Almeda Benito Q. Calixterio - 1214 Azcarraga ,
Dr. Natvidad G. Nazareno Nestor Carillo y Lagman - 1537 Da Sta . Cruz , Manila .
Severino M. Sagun - 1253 Washington
Sanitary Engineer ( Malaria Controi ) gupan , Tondo , Manila . St. , Sampaloc, Manila .
Benito C. Bernardo Jose Saddam y Abrina - 519 Int . 1
Ernesto Pineda --201 -W Cavite, Ton Celestino H. Layson - 1215 Rizal Ave.,
Mr. do , Manila .
Icdustrial Hygiene Leroy, Paco, Manila . Sta . Cruz , Manila .
Dr. Antonio S. Hernandez Ernesto Flor y Espiritu — 105 Gen. Wenceslao Martinez-- 240 P. Nuñez, Jesus Vitug- 121 Balaya , Tondo, Ma
Diokno St. , Sta . Cruz, Manila . Sta . Ana , Paco , Manila , nila .
Public health laboratory ( Parasitology ) Francisco B. Bautista-- 1712 Herran , Isaar. A. Aligaen - Headquarters, Phil
Dr. Prudencia B. Calubaqulb Ludovico Lansangan y Garcia - 875
Public Health Nursing Supervisor Alvarado Ext., Binondo , Manila . Paco , Manila . ir pine Air Force , Camp Murphy, Que
Miss Isabel Cabacungan ( b ) Airways Communications Florencio R. Fernando - 925 Dos Cas- zon City .
Vicente Cases y Francisco - 403 Ma illas, Sampaloc, Manila . Benigno A. Bernardo - 43 E. Panta
Mrs. Felicidad D. Elegado
Public Health Education labon St., Manila . Brigido Magtibay - 648 Prudencio , leon St. , Barangka , Mandaluyong , Ri
zal .
Mrs. Teodora V. Tiglao Francisco Paguio y Dominguez – 2734 Sampaloc, Manila .
Miss Caridad Copistrano Angat St. , Int . 7 , Manila . Dominador M. Ferrer-- 1267 Metrica , Fidel Eligio - 85 Villa Progreso , Ilo
Dr. Florencia M. Herrera Guillermo Carpio y Millar - Radio Sampaloc , Manila . ilo City
Miss Rosario Aquino Office , Bureau of Posts , Zamboanga Claro M. Ortega - 1560 Dagonoy , Sin List Of Pensionados For Training
Designated As Alternates To Principals : City . gulong , Subd ., Manila . Grants In Coast And Geodetic
General Public Health Administration Emiliano Camarillo y Insorio - A . Bo Florencio J. Andrade_466 España Surveys
Dr. Ricardo P. Bernardo nifacio St. , Biñan , Laguna . Blvd. , Manila . Designated June 5. 1947
Public Health Phases of Tuberculosis Ricardo Caoleng y Tanciangco Mario J. Cruz - 1447 Dagupan , Tondo , Angel G. de Jesus - c / o Department
Dr. Dominador V. Valeña Guagua, Pampanga . Manila . of National Defense .
Dr. Irineo Rodriguez Aquilino V. Fernandez - 946 Eloisa Marcelino S. Tabin - c / o Department
V. D. Control Sampaloc , Manila . ( c ) Airways Maintenance : of National Defense .
Dr. Aurora 0. Rivera Reynaldo I. Borromeo - 81 Alejandro Mario O. Hizon- 1037 Vergara , Quia Constancio M. Legaspi - c / o Depart ..
Malariologist VI, Sampaloc, Manila . po , Mantia . ment of National Defense .
Dr. Conrado S. Pesigan Laboreo S. Segundo - 1225 Tuberias Sergio M. Maulawin - c / o Depart
Quiapo, Manila . Melecio D. Rueda , Jr. -959 - B Metri ment of National Defense .
Dr. Melencio E. Sta . Maria ca, Sampaloc, Manila .
Maternal And Child Health Virgil R. Gonzaga - 2430 Tomas Earn Teodosio N. Folas - c / o Department
Eusebio Sevilla, Jr.- 900 - C Rizal of National Defense .
Dr. Remedios Estrada shaw , Tondo, Manila . Avenue, Manila .
Dr. Pura D. Santiago Numeriano C. Ramones - 16 Ilaw Cayetano Palma--c / o Department of
Sanitary Engineer ( Malaria Control ) Road , San Francisco del Monte, Que Fernando L. Baluyot- 509 P. Paredes , National Defense .
None zon City . Sarnpaloc , Manila . Avelino D. de Guzman-c/o Depart
Industrial Hygiene : Pedro Rapista - P . O. Box 322 , Iloilo Gaudencio Salita - 197 Loreto , Sam- ment of National Defense .
None City . paloc , Manila . Nicasio Santos - c / o Department OI
Public Health Laboratory (Parasitology ) Romeo G. de Leon 1166 Int . I Sin Honorato A. Santos - 17 Paez , Mala- National Defense .
None galong, Malate, Manila . bon , Rizal Felix Ampon - c / o Department of Na
 195
1951 - 195 TH PHI YE 145
Pack 2 E LIP AR
tional Defense . Sampaloc, Manila . PIN ofLeonardo BO y de
Santos Dios-Capture Singalong Subd . , Manila ,
46 Francisco Banzon - c / o Department Faustino Tangco Salvador , Jr.-129 Fishery ProductsOK Estor Ocson - 324 Aurora , Rizal City
of National Defense . Conchu , Singalong Subd . , Manila E Silvestre Nisce y Madaniba - Capture Romulo P Aspiras Agoo , La Union.
Cara Rolando N. Kagaoan . of Fishery Products. Mariano T. Marañon-Phil . Inst. of
Designated June 26 , 1947 Indalecio Galicinao . Alejendro Flores y Ceniza - Capture Fishery Tech , Navotas , Rizal .
Honorto Amacio - c / o Department of Florencio R. Garcia . of Fishery Products . Andres E. Ibasco - Phil. Inst . ol
National Defense . Ramon Madrid 1637 M. Natividad Hilario Antonio y Calpito Processing Fishery Tech ., Navotas, Rizal .
Antonio Ventura - c / o Department Sta . Cruz , Manila . of Fishery Products . Alfredo M. Lejano-23 Aurora Bou
of National Defense . Sobelo G. Lim . Bienvenido Datingaling y Ylagan levard, San Juan , Rizal .
Manuel Abrogar , Jr. -c/o Department Gil Fernandez - 135 Batangas st. Ricardo R. Medina-Phil , Inst. of
一頭! Sta . Cruz , Manila .
Processing of Fishery Products .
of National Defense . Augusto Canonnizado y Arcala - Pro- Fishery Tech . , Navotas, Rizal .
Jayme Presbiteria - c / o Department Inocencio Estaniel, Pedro A. Acosta- 56 Int. No. 2, Pun
cessing of Fishery Products .
of National Defense . Emilio A. Naraval , Jr.-926 P. Leon Augusto Manalo y Domingo - Fishery ta , Sta . Ana , Manila ,
Lucio Tienzo - C / O Department of cio , Sampaloc , Manila . Teodoro Megia -- 2398 Int . 7 -B Herran ,
Industry Technology .
-Doma Maimpok Ongchangco . Virgilio Uyenco y Angeles - Fisherv Paco , Manila .
National Defense .
Gonzalez - c / o
Felicito 0 . Depart- Vicente A. Perez --40 Geronimo St. ,
Industry Technology. Macario J. Malay-2236 Juan Luna,
ment of National Defense . Sampaloc, Manila . Int . 1. Tondo, Manila .
Enrique E. Gavieta-c/o Department Honorio Tanabe - 471 A. Mabini , Ca Manuel Medina y Eliazo - Fish Cui
ture . Mario Pamatmat - Santa Cruz , Lag
sit, 04 loocan , Rizal . Pascual Acosta Asuncion-Fish una .
y
National
ofJose Dy Mojica - c./ o
Defense Department of Salvador V. Villanueva-Off -Shore Culture . Olympia B. Navarro Alabang , Mun
National Defense . Patrol , Ft . San Antonio Abad , Manila . Herminio Rabanal y Ranit - Marine tinlupa , Rizal .
Gonzalo M. Santos-- 258 Novaliches, Fishery Biology . Andres M. Mane-Phil . Inst . of Fish .
Calixto S. Rozal - c / o Department of Tech . , Navotas . Rizal .
National Defense . San Miguel , Manila . Constancio Maderazo y Ibanez - Ma
Basilio B. Aromin - c / o Department Ricardo C. Montemayor-255 Dapi rine Fishery Biology .
la. of National Defense . tan , Sampaloc , Manila . Designated June 25 , 1949
F nin Piezas- 173 Int . i Trabajo, Aniceto T. Sison-Phil . Inst . of Fish .
Designated April 28 , 1947
ACTION Sampaloc , Manila . Victoriano San Antonio y Talamag Tech . , Navotas , Rizal .
Designated Mar 16 , - 1948
Antonio Ventura c / o Department or Urbano Pineda-1235 O'Donnell, Sta . Dominador J. Leoncio - Guiguinto ,
Processing of Fishery Products . Bulacan
National Defense . Cruz , Manila .
Basilio B. Aromin - c / o Department Sebastian P. de Villa-915 Corner Designated October 11 , 1947 Sabino D. Ordoñez -- 106 Iba, La LO
of National Defense . Belen - Dart , Paco, Manila . Melencio Vega y Morales - Capturo ma , Quezon City .
Romulo M. Espaldon—35 Zapote St. , of Fishery Products . Felomino E. Prestosa --- Poblacion , San
* 24 Lucio Tienza_c / o Department of
Fabian , Pangasinan .
National Defense . Makati , Rizal . Jose Rojas y Letrondo_Capture of
Jose Dy Mojica - c / o Department of Benjamin Pacis - 49 Delgado , Sam Fishery Products . Amador T. Pablo - 1398 Franco, Ton
National Defense . paloc , Manila . do, Manila ,
Susano Camilotes y Vidal-Capturo
Honorio P. Amacio_c / o Department Godofredo Mesina - 760 Magdalena of Fishery Products . Bienvenido M. Caparas - Phil. Inst .
-15 ! of National Defense . St. , Manila . Ruperto Gonzales y Abella - Capture of Fishery Tech . , Navotas , Rizal.
5. Jayme Presbitero - c / o Department Jesus S. Ruiz . of Fishery Products . Anacleto M. Dulay-Phil . Inst . of
of National Defense . Benedicto D. Luistro . Rufino Olvida у Trespalacio - Cap Fishery Tech . , Navotas , Rizal .
Francisco C. Coronel - Phil. Inst . of
Manuel Abrogar , Jr. - c / o Depart . Leonardo G. Bugayong-Did not re ture of Fishery Products
anent of National Defense . port for physical examination . Vicente del Rosario y Giron - Cap Fishery Tech . , Navotas, Rizal .
Vies Felicito O. Gonzalez - c / o Depart- Luisito S. Goduco — Imus , Cavite . ture of Fishery Products. Quirico Canonizado - Phil. Inst . of
ment of National Defense . Designated December 22 , 1948 Miguel Sangalan y de Castro - Cap Fishery Tech . , Navotas, Rizal .
Enrique E. Gavieta - c / o Department Leonardo S. Vista-712 Dos Castillas , ture of Fishery Products .
Mondragon ( Moro ) -Phil . Inst . of
Rizal of National Defense . Sampaloc, Manila . Simeon Quinitio , Jr. y Hufano Fishery Tech . , Navotas, Rizal .
Federico Ridad - c / o Department of Ruben Sanidad - 1601 P. Leoncio , Rogerio San Diego - Pinamalayan ,
Citi Capture of Fishery Products . Mindoro .
National Defense . Sampaloc , Manila . Jose Torre у Tupan - Capture os
Manuel B. de Lima - San Agustin,
11 Filomeno Corton - c / o Department Bernardo S. Remollino - 24 Callejon Fishery Products.
Romy , Rizal City . Manuel Villar y Montalban -- Capturo Iriga , Camarines Sur .
- Fies of National Defense . Jovito C. Meñez-Phil . Inst . of Fish ,
Tlo Serafin de Guia - cio Department of Francisco A. Ablan-251 Int . 8 Aya of Fishery Products .
B la Boulevard , Ermita , Manila . Gadiel Domantay y Tech . , Navotas , Rizal .
National Reyes - Captura
Augusto Defense ,
Jardiolin-c/ o Department Edgardo R. Carlos - 49 Aranga, Sam Fidel D. Alonte, Jr. -District Fishery
of Fishery Products. No. 10 , Zamboanga City .
-22 M of National Defense . paloc , Manila . Francisco Esperat y Bazan - Captur
Manuel C. Remulla -- 58 Sta . Jaime V. Francisco - Bo 2 Laoag , Telesforo G. Belza-Phil . Inst. of
Mesa of Fishery Products .
Ilocos Norte . Justo Montemayor y Rangel - Cap Fish . Tech . , Navotas , Rizal .
Ext., San Juan , Rizal. Herminio Lisboa - 327 Interior M. Alejandro S. Ponge-Bangkulasi , Na
Albino del Rosario_426 Burgos, Ri San Marcelino St. , Manila .
ture of Fishery Products . votas , Rizal.
to- cth a zal City Anselmo Matias y Domingo - Capturo co U. Marcelo,
Rafael J. Lamarca --58 Fuentes St. , Diosdado L. Cociin -Col . of Engineer- of Fishery Products . Jr.- 1222 Ibar
Singalong Subd . , Marila . ing, U.P. , Quezon City . Narciso Dimson y Diquit - Capture of ra . Dapitan , Sampaloc, Manila .
Fuentes , Feliciano G. Salonga , Jr.-850 Mi Fishery Products . Emigdio B. Tancinco - Phil. Inst . of
Anastacio V. Torrijos -- 58 Fish . Tech . ,Navotas , Rizal .
Singalong Subd ., Manila . guelin St. , Sampaloc, Manila . Vicente Alcera y Bracamonte -- Pro
er - - Francisco B. Almazora -- 2150 Herran
Artemio M. Sarenas --692 C. Ayala,
CH Romeo G. Ramos - 135 Mariveles La cessing of Fishery Products. Singalong Subd ., Manila .
Street , Paco , Manila Domingo Taplador y Diaz - Proces
Loma Quezon City . Alfonso R. Sebastian - 930 Misericor
Pedro B. Guia-2225 D'Donnell , Sta . sing of Fishery Products.
Luceño 15
Arsenio A.November
Designated , 1948
2426 Leonor Ri- Cruz , Manila . Rafael Taruc y Santos-Processing of
dia , Manila .
reau ! Pedro O. Morales - 24 Doroteo Jose .
vera , Sta . Cruz , Manila . Rodolfo C. Camba-504 Canonigo St. , Fishery Products. Sta . Cruz , Manila .
SI Delfin R. Zapanta-57 K - 1st, Kamu- Int . 5 , Ext . 15 , Paco . Manila . Bonifacio Molina y Meneses - Proces Honorata G. Magleo - Phil. Inst. of
ning , Quezon City . Mauro Bueno Domingo College
of sing of Fishery Products Fish . Tech . , Navotas , Rizal .
Rufo Paraan y Orzante - Processing
1 C. Designated November 25 , 1948 Engineering, U. P. , Quezon City . Nazario A. Pidlasan - c / o Bureau of
Guillermo B. Ciridon --32 Pangani- Moises M. Valdez-2516 Bato , Gaga- of Fishery Products . Fisheries , Manila .
ban St. , Laoag , Ilocos Norte langin , Tondo , Manila . Casimiro Balista y Doydoy - Proces
atuna Elpidio de Leon - 1190 Carola , Sam- sing of Fishery Products. Bayani Ongchangco - c / o Bureau of
Fisheries, Manila ,
Designated December 31 , 1948 paloc , Manila .
tre Dar Alexander C. Cachola - C / O Depart Designated October 7, 1948
Hera . : ment of National Defense . Designated January 31 , 1949 Hilario Cura Castro - C / O Phil . Insti Designated in 1948
Silvestre V. Bersamin -- 22 Aranga ,
Amador B. Lucero C / O Department Romeo Malimban -- 1234 Governor tute of Fishery Technology , Navotas.
of National Defense . Forbes , Sampaloc , Manila . Rizal . Sampaloc, Manila .
‫قلنا الى‬ Victorio B. Flores - San Fernando,
Felisberto G. L. Reyes_c / o Depart- Serapio Martillano - 1517 San Andres, Raoul C. Almazan - 38 Loreto , Sam La Union .
ment of National Defense . Paco , Manila . paloc , Manila .
Reuben G. Almazan -38 Loreto , Sam .
ent of Restituto A. Ajero -- 290 España, Sam- Herenato N. Oñas - c / o Phil . Inst of paloc , Manila .
2325 Jua.
David C.Defense
National . - c / o Departm
Paraiso paloc , Manila . Fishery Tech . , Navotas, Rizal . Antonio M. de las Alas - c / o Bureau
Agapito Monson-c/o Department or Alfredo V. Divino - 728 Pennsylvania , Godofredo B. Parawan - c / o Phil .
Malate, Manila . Irst . of Fishery Tech . , Navotas , Rizal . of Fisheries, Manila .
S P ( =* National Defense . Pedro G. Padlan -- c / o Philippine Ins
5. Rizal Jose G. Badilla - c / o Department of Buenaventura Cabangbang_c / 0 Phi . titute of Fishery Technology, Navotas.
National Defenso Designated February 1 , 1950 Ints. of Fishery Tech . , Navotas , Rizal . Rizal .
Rudolfo R. Cascon - 1079 C. Aragon , Adolfo M. Aldana - San Jacinto , Pan Fernando G. Dayrit - San Jose, San
Designated August 24 , 1949 Malate , Manila . gasinan .
Ta - 11 Fernando, Pampanga .
Laureano L. Tanqilut - c / o Depart- Jose M. Reyes - 4 Ridout, San Juan , Fernando Echague- 15 Sor Petroni- Antonio G. Pulanco - c / o Philippine
--591G ment of National Defense. Rizal . la , Sampaloc , Manila . Institute of Fishery Technology . Na
Francisco F. Garcia-c/o Department Dominador B. de la Cruz-58 Rosa Alejandro J. Tolentino - 2106 Aurora votas , Rizal .
of National Defense . rio Drive , Cubao , Quezon City . Avenue, Sta . Cruz , Manila . Celedonio C. Caluza - c / o Philippine
Arsenio A. Luceno - c / d Department Joaquin Rodriguez - 22 Vision, Sam Lester R. Aldaba - 10 - A Zaragoza , Institute
paloc, Manila . of Fishery Technology, Na
of National Defense . Tondo , Manila . votas , Rizal .
lia - 312 Daniel Arreola - 21 M. Acosta , Rizal
nia
Conrado P. Cruz - c / o Department of Domiciano Z. Barias-728.G . Tuazon . Juan T. Hernandez - 111 A. Luna, Pa
National Defense City . Sampaloc , Manila . sig . Rizal .
-816 11 Rudolfo M. Ferrer - 32 Cristobal, Pa Israel - Pescador , Mala
co, Manila .
Gregorio L. Escritor-c / o Phil. Inst. Dominador
Designated August 25 , 1949 of Fishery Tech ., Navotas, Rizal . bon , Rizal.
Camp Ariston o. Poral - co Department of Gregorio N , Abad - Burgos St. , Naic, Timoteo A. Pajal - Cabinet Hill, Ba- Ignacio S , Fernandez - San Jacinto,
D. National Defense . Cavite . guio City . Pangasinan .
Maryadi Jose M.Concepcion - c / o Department Jose Raya , Jr.-U.P. Men's Dormi- Ernesto M. Maglaya - Caba, La Union . Manuel S. Bolong-c/o
of National Defense . Philippine
tory, Diliman , Quezon City . Peregrino N. Quinitio_64 Buen viaje . Institute of Fishery Technology , Na
Mario C. Manansala - c / o Department Rodrigo T. Alcala -- U.P . College of Quiapo, Manila. votas , Rizal .
64 Com
of National Defense . Engineering. Diliman, Q.C. Arsenio Q. Carigma - c / o Phil . Inst . Luis Luistro - 155 Navarra . Sampaloc,
Arsacio J. Sison - c / o Department of Juan Camangian— 12 Mariveles, Que 0 Fishery Tech ., Navotas, Rizal Manila .
National Defense . zon City .
Gil D. Apuya - c / o Phil . Inst . of Fis
Eustacio A. Eloriaga - c / o Depart- Hermenegildo Domingo_49 Aranga , hery Tech . , Navotas, Rizal .
ment of National Defense . Sampaloc, Manila . Alfredo Figuracion - c / o Phil . Inst .
izal Eco Conrado Q. Torrijos - 420 Astorias, FULBRIGHT
of Fishery Tech ., Navotas, Rizal .
List of Cadets For Training In The Sampaloc , Manila .
U.S. Merchant Marine Bienvenido L. Lim - San Joaquin , galBenjamin Manlar:
corner Sierra Abis —Quezon
Madre, 27 Pi y Mar
City. FULBRIGHT SCHOLARS AWARDED
Mabalacat, Pampanga . TRAVEL GRANTS
Телресе ! Designated January 2, 1947
Alejandro de Leon - Alaminos, Pan- de Guzman - 628 P. Noval ,
Arturo , C.Manil
Benjamin M. Cariaso - Bacnotan , La
Union . 1948
gasinan . Sampa loc a. Balbino M. Venturillo — c / o Angustia , Josefina -Personal
Bureau guid
253 W Florentino B. Encarnacion - 2199 - C Jaime Evora-3796 Taft Avenue , Ri of Fisheries , Manila . ance & counselling - 2024 Azcarraga ,
Herran , Paco, Manila . zal City Manila or Phil . Normal Col. Manila
1215 Rosa Jose R. Garcia , Jr.- 1190 Carola , Designated April 20, 1948
Cecilio M. Hidalgo_2199 - C Herran , Inocencio Ronquillo_ - 511 San Andres, Phil . Normal Col , Far Eastern Univ.
Paco , Manila . Sampaloc , Manila . Malate , Manila . E. Ky . State Teachers Col. Columbia
Ja, Tea Santiago Hayo, Jr.-- 1006 Vergara. Jose C. Lansangan , Jr.–771 San Se Jaime V. Roxas-c /o National Univ- Univ .
Quiapo, Manila . bastian , Quiapo , Manila. ersity, Manila . Banag , Consuelo G.-English-559
douanet b Ceferino O. Nonga Seth D. Roman --Domestic Mail Diy Miss Augusta C. Franco - c / o Phil . Int . 19 Lealtad , Sampaloc, Manila or
Num Nemesio E. Prudente - Rosario . Ca- ision , Bureau of Posts, Manila . Inst . of Fishery Tech . , Navotas, Rizal. Phil . Normal Col. , Manila - Univ . of
vite . Pastor Teodoro — 1922 Ipil , Sta . Cruz , Juan V. Lopez - 311 Cavite , Tondo. the Phil . Centro Escolar U.-Univ. of
Alfredo Protacio - 2467 Int . 3. R. Fer Manila . Manila .
Antero Ranulfo - 1 Zamora St. , San Columbia
anda r.andez , J. Luna , Manila .
Pedro G. Padlan - c / o Phil . Inst . Of Bello , Francisca R. -School Adm.
Victorio T. Violanda Francisco del Monte , Quezon City .
Joaquin Banzon - 419 Madre Perla . Fishery Tech . , Navotas , Rizal . 1129 Herran St. Paco , Manila or Ban
Ricardo S. Esguerra - Dagat - dagatan gar , La Union or-Far Eastern Univ.
Vito Cruz , Manila . List Of Pensionados Awarded Training
For
m Ernesto P. Lucas--- 350 Laguna Ext .. Grants - Phil . Fisheries Saltwater Fishery, Experimental Sta- E. Ky State Teachers Col.
Manila . ( all in the c /o Weather Bureau ) tion , Navotas , Rizal Bernardo , Constancio — Painting - Que
nd Gau badia , Obando, Bulacan-Univ of the
Pablo N. Sare- 11 Callejon del Car- Designated April 11 , 1947 Designated March 19 , 1949
men , Quiapo , Manila , Jose Pulido y Trinidad - Capture of Phil.-- Yale Univ .
47 Fishery Products . Alejandro P. Mendoza - San Fernan Campomanes , Florencio B. -Politic
: 0 Demet Teodoro Labrador
do , La Union . Sc .-1435 Abreu , Manila-Univ . of
Benjamin Tañedo- Barrio San Nico- Cresencio Dimen y Reyes - Capture al
las, Tarlac , Tarlac . of Fishery Products . Pelagio S. Cabrera-538 Mayhaligue. the Phil . - Brown Univ . Georgetown U.
Cipriano Menguito y Cinco_Capture Sta . Cruz, Manila . Concha , Jesusa A. - Pharmacy - 659
Celso M. Reinoso , Ariston M. Cabasares - Phil. Inst . of
Victor Cabrera . of Fishery Products . B. Peñafrancia , Paco , Manila - Univ .
plyt Jose Legaspi . Patricio Dinglasan y Papasin - Cap- Fishery Tech., Navotas, Rizal . of the Phil .-Wis , Univ.
tase Danilo P. Vizmanos — 915 Corner Be ture of Fishery Products . Jose Santo Domingo , Jr. - Sta . Maria Dolorico , Jenny L , Mrs. - Educ.
len - Dart, Paco , Manila . Alfredo Casuple y Oñate-Capture of Bulacan .
Agapito D. Sadorra-Alcala , Panga Adm . -Tacloban , Leyte - Univ . of the
erse Emilio S. Prieto , Jr.-- 848 Carola , Sam Fishery Products . Phil. - Columbia U.
paloc, Manila . Domingo Veloso y Javier-Capture of sinan ,
Guillermo B. Capule - Atlag , Malolos Domantay, Jose S. - Fishery - Bureau
Ricardo Juachon-2248 Misericordia , Fishery Products . of Fisheries , Zamboanga City -- Univ of
Depan Francisco Jesena y Marañon - Cap Bulacan .
Sta . Cruz , Manila . the Phil- U Southern California
Antonio Subijano738 Calero, Sta . ture of Fishery Products . Percival A. Nisperos - San Fernando.
Cruz , Manila . of La Union . Gonzales, Fraternidad Educ . Adm .
Alarico Pacis y Parel - Capture Bienvenido C. Roniero - 618 Vito Cruz , -Phil . Women's Univ . Taft Avenue ,
ence Magno Bunyi- 220 Int. 12, Loreto , Fishery Products.
Departs
ie
Dart
 146 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
Manila -- Phil Women's Univ . - Colum- sign-151 Maria Clara Sampaloc , Ma- Carangal Apolinario, Jr. Agricul- Yale Univ .
bia U. nila or Concio & Bondoc Architects , ture-College , Laguna - univ . OA the Datu , Galicano J .-- Vocational Gui
Guiang , Honesta G.-Educ . -Adm-- Samanillo Bldg . , Manila-Mapua Ins- Pliil .--Ohio State Univ . dence221 Guevara , Tarlac Phil
Col. of Education Univ . of the Phil . of Tech . -Mass . Inst of Technology Cruz , Angel - Law - 310 Consolidated Scliool of Arts and Trades, Phu
Diliman , Quezon City-Univ . of the Castro , Victoria B. Mrs.- Teacher Invest., Bldg . , Manila - Univ . of the Harvardian Col. - Ohio State Univ .
Phil . Univ . of Sto . Tomas-E . Ky training - 38 Valenzuela San Juan . Ri- Phil . - Yale Univ . Enverga , Tobias Y. Educational
State Teachers Col zal - Nat'l Teachers Col. Univ . of Cruz, Gloria - Educ. for blind - 384 Adm . -Lucena , Quezon National
Imperial , Gerardo - Chemistry -- Sil- Columbia Redemptorist St. , Baclaran Univ . Univ . - Univ . of Chicago
liman Univ . Dumaguete City-Silliman Deveras , Luz - Obstetrical Nursing- of the Phil . - Perkins Inst . & Mass. Estacio , Ceferina 1. - English - Rer
Univ . - Okla ma Agr . & Mechanical 50 Virginia St. , Cubao , Quezon City- School icr blind onstitucion St. Lemery , Batangas
CoJ Univ . of the Phil .-Chicago Lyingin Univ . Tomas ,
Dans , Victoria F.- Chemistry - 163 of Sto . Phil . Normal
Jesus . Simeon de ,Jr , -- Chem . En- Hospital Blumentritt . San Juan , Rizal - Univ . Col. - Harvard Univ .
gineer - 2841- B Taft Ave. Manila- Dunglao . Nelly G. -English-885 - A of the Phil . - Univ . of Wisc . Flores Dr. Ambrosio - Pathology
Adamson Univ . -Mass . Inst. of Tech Velasquez St. , Tondo, Manila . - Univ . Escarda , Juan B. - Highway Engin- bacteriology - Tolong, Negros Or.

Maceda , Delfina - Education - 808 Mo- of the Phil. - Northwestern U. eering - Silliman Univ ., Dumaguete Univ. of the Phil.-St. Louis Univ .
Phil -lo-
theCol. Eugenio , Damiana City--Univ . of thie Phil . - Corneil Galang Dr. Gregorio A.- Anaes
desto , Malate
wa State -Univ of
Col , Oregon State L. - English - 10 univ .
Abucay Street . Manuguit Subdiv . Ton thesiology- 135 del Pilar St. , Cabana
Jelliffe , Mrs Rebecca Rio - English do , Manila -Univ . of the Phil . Mt. Espiritu , Mrs. Socorro Education tuan , N. Ecija - Univ. of the Phil-
Holyoke Col. -Phil . Normal College , Manila Ohio State Univ
14717 Via Phil
-Cent Colusa, San Lorenzo. Calit. Phil . Women's Univ .-- Syracuse Univ . Habito ,
ral Col -Ober Col
lin Fernandez , William L. -Agr . Вас. Celestino P. Vocatioral
Magdaluyo , Conchita - Occupational of Gonzales , Eva G.- Home Econoinics Education - 23 Harrison , Cabuyao
teriology - College, Laguna - Univ . -3667 Taft Avenue, Rizal City Univ . of the Phil . - Univ . of Minne .
Therapy - C / o Nat'l Ortho , Hosp the Phil. - Univ . of Missouri
Mandaluyong , Rizal-Univ of the Garcia , Honorio A -Chemistry Univ . of the Phil . Cornell Univ . sota
Guerrero , Perfecto R.-Mines & Jesus . Ester 0. de Social Service
Phil --- Philadelphia Sch . of Occupa San Carlos Univ Cebu City - Ateneo metallurgy , geophysics 606 Kundi -116 S.
Guzman St. San, Rizal
Therapy de Manila - Fordham Univ nan , Manila - Univ . of the Phil .
Gepana , Judith V -Teacher Train Arellano Univ .-NY School of Soi'iai
Manacop , Carlos Educ.- Adm .-- Ca Columbia Univ . Work
banatuan , Nueva, E Union Col of ing - Arevalo , Iloilo City -- Phil Wom Laudencia , Pedro N.– Agriculture
Manila Univ . of Manila-Syracuse en's Univ , Univ of Sto . Tomas - Ford
Univ . Bucavao, Calapan , Mindoro - Univ. of tryJorols.n-204
, Esther P .-- Organic chemis
Daro , Dumaguete City - Sil .
ham Univ . the Phil .-Louisiana State
Maniquis , Beatriz B. - Home Econo Gomez Benigna M. -Social Work liman Univ .- Univ . of Arkansas
Lopez Dr. Cecilio - Linguistics_982 Leocadio , Clodoaldo
mics_Phil , Women's Univ . Taft Ave .. Doroteo Jose , Sta , Cruz , Manila - Univ . Irat . 2, Singalong, Manila Univ . of Education
Univ . - Syra- of the Phil - Boston Univ . Cu siguran , Sorscgon Phil . Normal
Manila
cuse - Phil . Women's
Univ Guerrero . Melania A Fhil., Univ . of of Hamburg , Univ . of Col. , Univ . of Sto. Tomas --Univ . 01
Mrs -Phar Leiden - Yale Univ .
Millan , Mrs. Brigida - Home Econo macy -- 3532 Taft Ave. Pasay City - Ro- Mamauag , Aurora- Chemistry- 151 Kansas
mics ---Home Economics Div . Bureau sario, Cavite - Univ . of the Phil Leon , Virginia
Sierra Madre, Quezon City--Univ . of Misericordia , ManilaC.-St
de-Nursing- 1430
. Luke's Schooi
of Pub . Sch . Manila or 332 Decena , Ri- Ohio Univ . the Phil . - Univ . of Wisc .
zal City-Phil . Normal Col. Nat'l Guevara , Rose , E. Dr - Internal Manalaysay Reuben G. - Education of Nursing - St. Louis City Hospital
Teachers Col.-Univ . of Neb . Medicine -- 1335 P. Guevara . Manila -Phil . Union Col. , Box 1772 , Manila Mamisao , Jesus P. Soil & water
Morales , Pablo A. Dr. - Urology- Univ of the Phil --Bellevue Hosp . -Phill Union College, Far Eastern conservation - 35 Domingo Santiago
Phil. Gen. Hospital - Manila - Univ . of Center - New York Univ Univ . - Indiana Univ . Sampaloc , Manila --- Univ . of the Phu
Iowa State Col.
the Phil -New York Univ . Bellevue Kasilag, Lucrecia R - Musicology - 312 Maramba , Lourdes R.-Oral surgery
Medical Center Perdigon St. , Paco , Manila - St. Scho anesthesiology embroyology- 631 Miranda , Bienvenido T.- Industrial
Natividad , Jovita -English–2651 P. lastica's Col .. Phil . Women's Univ.- Quezon Blvd. , Manila Centro s- Chemistry - Umali, Pasig, Rizal - Univ .
Guevarra St. Sta . Cruz . Manila or Ma- Eastman School of Music colar Univ . -Univ . of Jll . of the Phil . -Univ . of Washington
lolos , Bulacan-Univ . of the Phil . Ledesma , Ruben Political Sc . Marquez , Josephin Pharmacy- 9 Pascual, Octavius S.- Organic Che
Univ . of Michigan Commisison of Civil Service, Manila
Merchan St. , Lucena , Quezon-Univ. mistry - 40 A. Bonifacio, Malabon , Ri
Natividad , Zenaida V .-- History - 1140 or 1020- B Taft Ave. , Manila Univ . of of the Phil.-- Univ . of Wisc . zal-Univ . of the Phil .-Univ . of Chi
Manila Merino , Rosalia R.-Physical Educ . cago
C. Aragon St. Singalong , the Phil -Georgetown Univ . --751 Vito Cruz , Manila Quirante ,
Centro Escolar Univ.-E. Ky . State Leon , Genoveva O. de -- Child Care Phil . Luceno L. - Rural Educa
Women's Univ .-- Univ . of Wisc . tion -- B iesa , Caloocan ,
Teachers Col. Rizal -- Phil.
Oracion , Rosario , Mrs .-- Home Eco 117 N. Domingo St. Cubao, Quezon Millan , Mrs. Eufrosina N.- Ele- Union Col. , Far Eastern Univ . - Cu
City-Univ of the Phil . Merrill-Pal mentary Educ . - 67 Retiro , La Loma, lumbia Univ .
nomics-Silliman Univ . Dumaguete mer School Quezon City - Far Eastern Univ .-
City - Silliman Univ . - Univ . of Chica Magno , Melecio S. Theoretical Fordham Univ . Ramos , Remo R. Economics In
go Physics-Muñoz , Nueva Ecija - Univ . Mondoñedo , Jose R. -Agriculture dustrial management - Phil . -Hawaii
Oracion , Timoteo Anthropology College , Laguna-Univ . of the Phil . and Central , Silay, Occ , Negros — Univ.
of the Phil --Johns Hopkins U of the Phil .-Harvard Univ .
Silliman Univ . Dumaguete City - Silli Marcos , Mario P. —Money & bank- . -Univ . of Maryland
man Univ .-Univ of Chicago R. -Business Reyes , Benito F. - Philosophy -- 2411
ing -21 Lopez Jaena St. Pasig , Rizal Ocampo , Guillermina Pedro Guevara , Manila-Univ . of the
Pesarillo, Genera Nursing 9-A or National Eco . Council Manila- Aam .- 1197 P. Florentino , Int . 11 ,
Dancel St. Rizal City - Univ . of the Pbil . - Boston Univ .
Univ of the Phil . - Indiana Univ Sampaloc - Far Eastern Univ . , Univ .
Phil.--- Baylor Univ. Univ . of Texas Marquez , Lourdes - Diet Therapy & ot the East - New York Univ Romualdez , Enrique P.- Journalism
Pineda , Preciosa 1.-Diatetics-201 Nutrition --34 A. Luna Street , Pasig , Olivar , Mrs. Celia - Physical Educ . 104 Fraternidad , Manila-Univ . of
W Cavite , Tondo - Univ . of the Phil . Rizal -Univ . of the Phil . Peter Bent -149 Villaruel , Rizal City-Univ . of the Phil . -Northwestern Univ .
-Indiana Univ . the Phil .-Univ . of Oregon Salvosa , Benjamin US - Phil . Rela
Brigham Hosp . tions - Session Road , Baguio_Univ . of
Plang, Bai Matabay -Social Service Naval Macario , -Teacher Educ . Ôngpin, Norma --Music-5 Limasana
-Pikit , Cotabato , -Phil. Normal Col .- Adm .-Phil . Normal Col. Manila St. , Quiapo, Manila - Far Eastern the Phil . , Catholic Univ . of America
Univ . of Chicago A & M College of Univ . of the Phil . Stanfard Univ .- Univ . , Phil Normal School , St. The- Saniel , Josefa M .-- Oriental History
resa ' Col. Univ . of Michigan ---Argao, Cebu-Univ . of the Phil.
Texas Univ . of Ky . ( observation of various sch )
Orosa , Rosalinda L.- Journalism- L'niv . of Chicago
Rafols . Salud M.-Health & . Voc . Navarro , Emiliano R -Law-College
guidance -- Col. of Education UP Dil of Law Univ . of the Phil . Diliman 1003 Taft Ave. , Manila -Univ . of the Saturnino, Aurelia C. - Economics
iman , QC-Univ. of the Phil .- Univ . Fhil.Radcliffe Col. 166 R. J. Fernandez , San Juan , Ri
Quezon City-Univ . of the Phil. - Mi Padolina Guillermo R. Social zal - Univ .
of North Carolina of the Phil .-- Columbia
chigan Univ . Service - Boys Scout of the Phil . ,
Rigor , Adina B.-Phy . Education Nuguid , Cezar Water Power Engi Tafalla , Consolacion English - Pub .
Dept. of Education , Manila -Univ . of Manila-Union Col. ot Manila -- Univ Speaking Numancia ,
neering-National Power Corp. , Mani of Texas Capiz - Phil.
la-Univ . of the Phil . Iowa State Central Col - Northwestern Univ .
RioPhil.-
the Pedro E Col.
, Dr. Wellesley Y - Education Pepito , Narciso N .-- Livestock farm Vergara , Jose R. - Industrial &
Univ . ing- Bukidnon Nat'l Agr . School , VO
Silliman University , Dumaguete City Peralta Maria C. Mrs. Teacher Musuan , Bukidnon - Univ. of the cational educ . - 711 Pampanga , Manila
Silliman Univ Lindenwood Col. Pinil .- Univ . of Maryland --PSAT Univ . of Sto. Tomas - Ohio
Training - 338 Tennessee , Malate , Ma
Sand , Annie-Nursing-Div of Nur nila - Univ . of the Phil . - Chicago Univ . Rabor Dioscoro S .-- Zoology - Sys
State Univ .
sing , Dept of Health San Lazaro, Ma Pineda , Mrs .--- Teacher Training -- 201 tematics of Phil . vertebrates-- Silii- Vicente , Mrs. Rufina R.-Teacher
nila or 1589 Taft Ave , Manila - Zam W. Cavite , Tondo , Manila - Univ . of the nian Univ ., Dumaguete City - Univ of training - 639 Union St. , Paco , Ma
boanga Gen Hosp -Univ of Chicago Phil .-Indiana Univ . the Phil., Cebu College - Chicago Na- rila - Univ. of ihe Phil.- mos. ob
Santiago Vicenta - English - 56 Ara Putong , Cecilio Jr. , Dr. - Cardiovas- tural History Museum servation & research
yat, Quezon City -- Phil. Normal Col. cular Disease - 670 Pasaje Rosario , Pa Sabian , Josefina Polio -nursing Villanueva , Melchor Education
Univ of the Phil -Univ of Southern
CO , Manila-Univ . of the Phil . - New St. Luke's Hospital , Manila - S5 . Via Gainza , Naga City-Univ . of the
California Luke's Hospital- Boston Univ . Fhil . State Univ . of Iowa
York Univ . Samonte , Ureta ,
Sumagpao , Eva S - English - Estan Robeniol , Hilaria T. Dr.-Pedodontia Aurora L - English - 1124 Librado I. - Guidance &
cia , Iloilo or Central Phil Col -Cen O'Donnel St. , Sta . Cruz, Manila- counselling --Ledesma , Iloilo City
-67 Lipa, Manaoag Pangasinan -- Na Univ . of the Phil. - Iowa State Univ . Union Theological Seminary, Far East
tral Phil Col Univ of Calif . tional Univ .-- Forsyth Dental for Chil Santos, Univ Buffalo Univ .
Solim an $ ._ Chemical
crn En .-
Tacderas , Felicitas-Home Econo dren . Yabes, Leopoldo Y. -English , Phil .
gineering - Parañaque, Rizal-Univ . of
mics - Sto Domingo , Ilocos Sur-Phil . Rosario , Lourdes L. del - English , 102 the Phil . Mass . Inst. of
Women's Univ -Univ of Md . Manga Ave. , Sta . Mesa , Manila or 515 Technology Culture-Sin.it, Ilocos Sur-Univ. of
Solis , Mrs. Miguela M.Schoc) the Phil. - univ . of Chicago
Tan , Macario. Dr — Medicine - 1088 Union St. Paco , Manila- Univ . of Sto . Adm . , ( Research & observation in Yumul, Concepcion S. - Nursing -- 4
A Gov Forbes , Sampaloc , Manila or Tomas - Northwestern U. M H. del Pilar, Tarlac , Tarlac - Univ .
78 Mariveles Sta Mesa Heights , QC wiversities ) -2752 Felix Huertas . Ma
Rosario, Oseas A. del - Teacher train nila-Univ . of the Phil . - Springfield of the Phil.--Univ. of Texas
Univ of the Phil .Faith Hospital ing - Curriculum Division , Bureau of College
Tiongco, Dionisio --Educ . - Adm . - 231 Pub . Schools , Manila Phil . Normal Sucgang, Roberto R.- Social Service
Fraternidad St. , Pandacan , Manila or Col. , Far Eastern Univ .-Fordham U. --232 M. Earnshaw , Sampaloc , Manila
Centro Escolar Univ .-Manila -Univ . Santos , Isabel A. - Literature - Phil. -Univ . of the Phil . - Springfield Col
of the Phil .-American Univ Women's Univ . , Manila -- Phil . Wom- lege
Varias , Jovita R.-Home Economics en's Univ .--Fordham Univ . 1 adena . Tomas P.-Teacher Educ.
--3341 Taft Ave. , Rizal City or Col. of Shea , Margaret D. - Physical Educ.- --71 Buendia St. , Rizal City - Nation
Education Univ . of the East Manila 264 Trinidad Ayala , Ermita , Manila al Teachers College Northwestern
Far Eastern
Teachers Col
Veyra .
Univ.-E. Ky . State

Manuel E. de Dr. - 560 Man

Univ . of the Phil.-E. Ky State Teach-
ers Col. Boston Univ .
U.
Velasquez, Maximiniano-- Education
READ
Uichanco, Luz - Chemistry College. -San Reymundo , Jolo , Sulu - Na
go Ave Cebu City-Uni of Sto TO tional Univ . -Univ . of Ill .
mas - Tufts College Harvard Laguna - Univ . of the Phil . - Michigan
Med .
Univ . Vibar , Mrs. Paz A. - Elementary
Sch Lynn Hospital Vales , Rodolfo A. -Refrigeration En Education-2736 M. Natividad , Manila
Villa , Lilia A. -English-Univ . of gineering-116 V. L. Gonzaga , Baco Univ . of the Phil . , Univ . of Sio .
the Phil Diliman , Quezon City-Univ .
of the Phil . -Stanford Univ.
lod City-Univ .
Univ .
of the Phil .--Cornell Tomas-Univ . of California

Alampay, Norma
1951
B.- Social Service
the
Yatco , Oscar C-Music-violin -406
Villasor , Angel -- Water Power Engin
Paz Street - Univ of the Phil.-- Jul eering- 116 V. L. Gonzaga, Bacolod City --Sta . Cruz Laguna - Univ . of the
liard School of Music
-University of the Philippines-- Cor the Phil ..-Adelphi College
Zablan , Aurora P. -Educ .-Drama Andal , Adela C. - Nursing educa
nell Univ .
Phi ] Women's Univ --Phil
Univ . - Stanford Univ .
1949
Women's

Abcede , Juanito , -Org Syn . Chem .

1041 Carola St Sampaloc , Manila
Yulo , Eloisa

Phil . Women's
T. Mrs.- Home Econo
mics Education - Bago, Negros Occ .
Univ.-- Columbia
1950
Amagna , Severo V. - Chemical Engi
Univ .
tion-Manila Sanitarium
Manila - Manila Sanitarium &
tal - Univ . of Chicago
&

Aquino, Feliciana J.-English & psy

cliology - 1735 Oroquieta St. , Manila
Hosp . ,
Hospi
Philippines
Univ . of the Phil .-Univ . of Michigan - Centro Escolar U. -Bryn Mawr Col.
Arcellana . Emerenciana , Mrs. - Pol neering — 512 España Street , Sampaloc , Arlos, Mrs Mary A. - Nutrition --52
itical Science - 2382 Zamora St. , Sta . Manila-National Univ.--Mass. Inst . of Rizal Ave. , Malabon , Rizal-St . Luke's
Technology . Hospital- Univ . of Wisc .
Ana , Manila-Univ. of the Phil.-- Univ
of Michigan
Balboa , Fernanda , Mrs.
Welfare- 1061 Antipolo St. Singalong
Subd . , Manila-Phil . Normal Col. Far
Social
Andrion , Victorino - Agriculture - Bu
kidnon Nat'l Agr . Musuan , Bukidnon-
Univ. of the Phil . -Michigan State U.
Banson , Onofre G.- Transportation ,
Baclig , Eustaquio S. Jr .-- Mechanics
Cabugao , Ilocos Sur - Univ . of
Phil . - Cornell Univ .
Balagtas , Francisco
tha

R .-- Journalism
Herald
Eastern Univ . Univ of the Phil.-E.
Engineering — 520 España, Manila-Univ . Public Relation - Capas, Tarlac
of the Phil . - Cornell Univ . Univ . of Sto . Tomas-- Boston Univ .
Ky State Teachers Col Bandorg , Cesario C. Vocational
Belo, Enrique M. - Law - Capiz , Capia
Baltazar . Claro - Entomology - Col --Univ . of the Phil .-Harvard Univ . Education - College , Laguna - Univ. of
lege . Laguna-Univ . of the Phil
the Phil --Univ . of I11 .
Benavides , Dolores L.-Journalism-
Wisconsin Univ . 308 Lipa , Sampaloc, Bernardez , Constantino Radio Edu
Baltazar , Tomas - School Adm . - 17 Manila - Univ
Taytay Maypajo , Caloocan , Rizal
of the Phil . - Univ . of Washington .
Cachola , Lelia C. - Nursing - Narva
cation - Silliman
City-Silliman
Univ . ,
Univ .--Univ . of
Dumaguete
Wisc .
61 Muralla
Univ . of the Phil St. Louis Univ can , Ilocos Sur-St . Luke's Hospital Briñas , AmadoR - Taxation & fi
Benavides, Enriqueta , Mrs.-Teacher --San Francisco , Col. for Women nance - 56 Mesa , Manila-Univ .
Sta .
Educ .-- 308 Lipa , Sampaloc , Manila-
National Univ. Arellano Univ . - Colum
Caña , Rosita Polio -nursing - Iloilo o the Phil . , Univ . of Sto . Tomas.
Jose Rizal Col. Columbia Univ .
Manila
bia Univ .
Mission Hosp ., Iloilo City or Call
ling , Kawayan - Iloilo Mission Hosp . Campos , Jose C .. Jr. - Law - Dasma .
Bondoc , Jesus M. - Architectural de -- Boston Univ . riñas , Cavite - Univ . of the Phil.
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE
PL In Pacific ... ( Continued from page 9 )
tions that now runs this menace to its last lairs in our
mountain fastnesses.
At the same time , we provide positive means of res
cue for those ready to return to law and peace and the
democratic way . Our development program is geared to
this end. Our land laws are being revised to speed land
distribution to those without. Landed estates are sub
divided after due compensation to their legal owners in
order to give title to those actually tilling them . We go
beyond purely preaching the protection of civil liberties.
Our basic concern is a life of substance for our people
at the least , a decent means of livelihood. A free man
without such means is like a bird attempting flight in a
void.
We are, still , the only Christian nation in the Far
East . Our heritage as such carries a potential of great
importance in nourishing freedom , particularly freedom
from hate, and bridging the chasm that separates peo
ples of varying faiths and loyalties . Wisely utilized in
the most patriotic sense of statesmanship , it is what sure
ly makes of our country a unified and solid nation and
an exemplary unit in the world movement for peace .
Our immediate problem is to maintain a strong de
mocratic government as the keystone of our free institu
tions. We do not know of any other kind of life that
would be tolerable and worthwhile without our free ins
titutions. We still face active threats to our freedom.
We face dangers that can destroy our Republic and
render it useless in the preservation of the free world .
Every Filipino who loves his country is concerned with
the maintenance of a strong democratic government
a government, that is , which is secure in the trust , the
> MAG ) consisting of experienced U. S. Army, Navy, and
support and the loyalty of its people.
We have, in good measure, that kind of government
now. This we know from the prestige , the respect, the
influence its name carries where it is identified and as
sociated with any struggle for the rights of small peoples
yet to be free, with any program of international coopera
tion to advance self-help among less developed nations,
with any concerted move to resist aggression or to pre
serve freedom and the peace .
"he second remaining half of this century will most
Thelikely see the resolution of the fateful issue between
freedom and communism . The survival of civilization
and mankind itself is widely understood to depend upon
it .
Our Republic has not been indifferent to the implica
tions and obligations of this issue. All the gains we claim
to have made since independence to advance and preserve
democracy at home are indeed intimately related to this
issue. It is for this that our membership in the United
Nations acquire any practical meaning. And it is for this
that we have been most articulate for a system of collect
ive security in our part of the world to parallel organized
security preparations in Europe and to become a part of
an interlocking defense system all over the globe .
Thus it is that three years ago our country sounded
the call for a Pacific Union . At that time it was felt in
other quarters that the free countries of Southeast Asia
might become a third force, their neutralism serving to
mediate the differences between freedom and com
munism. The United States , our greatest friend and ally,
was markedly cold to the union idea, realizing it would
have to foot the bill for the most part. Undismayed, we
organized the Southeast Asia Conference of 1950 and at
least sold the idea of pooling common resources in the
political, economic and cultural fields to fight com
munism by non -military means.
It took the sudden descent of the North Korea com
munists across the 38th Parallel in the middle of the
same year for the idea to burst out of its apparent aca
demic and non -military wrappings. It brought home to
the free world that the struggle in Asia was real and in
earnest , and that it was there Communism decided to
launch the real bid ultimately intended to cover all of the
free world , the West included .
The route to an ultimate Pacific Union may be de
vious , but the Philippines can derive encouragement from
the fact that a definite advance followed the common
action to stop communism in Korea with the conclusion
of the Philippine-US mutual defense pact in 1951. This
pact initiated the conclusion of similar U. S. agreements
with Australia New Zealand and Janan, including the
YEARBOOK 1+
Japanese peace treaty.
In all these developments, our country did not just drift
with the tide. We took our course in hand , made de
cisions that include our definite involvement in the fate
and fortune of our neighbors who have a definite stake
in democracy and freedom and the responsibility to pre
serve them for posterity. We never meant to shirk our
share, as we certainly did not, in World War II and do
not, now, in Korea.
Our special relation with America has at times made
us suspect to neighbors jealous of their new sovereignty
and suspicious of any gesture that could reflect on the
quality of their independence. Our conduct of our domes
tic affairs should increasingly allay their suspicion ac
cording as we consistently adhere to a course of freedom
consistent with cooperation on equal terms in our outside
relations. Our special relation with America , far from
being a handicap , entails a special obligation to demons
trate the essential soundness of the democratic system
and its ultimate universal applicability and advantage
transcending all national barriers. Such a special rela
tion which comprehends our rich and varied heritage
compounded of Western and Eastern cultures imposes on
us a mission of understanding and reconciliation among
our neighbors that could render us immensely useful in
contributing our share towards the preservation of free
dom and securing the continuation of its blessings to
the world that will follow our own and our epoch.
Preserving Freedom... (Continued from page 15 ))
1. The U.S. provides a military advisory group ( JUS
Air Force officers , to give advice and assistance on prob
lems concerning the development and training of the
Philippine Army, Navy, and Air Force.
2. The U. S. provides aircraft, naval vessels, vehicles ,
arms, munitions, and other military equipment and sup
plies on a gratuitous basis. Since 1949 this form of aid
has come under a Mutual Defense Assistance Program
(MDAP) .
3. The U. S. assists the Philippines in arranging for
the purchase of supplies and equipment in the U. S.
4. The U. S. provides training in U. S. Service
Schools for members of the AFP .
American assistance is helping the Philippines bridge
the critical period. The campaign to establish internal
peace and order is being carried on. At the same time,
the officers and men of the AFP are acquiring the train
ing and experience needed to develop and carry out a
sound national defense program and to insure their read
iness to fulfill their responsibility to the Filipino people.
Greater self - sufficiency is aided by the economic features
of the Mutual Security Program .
In a further important step in carrying out its de
termination to remain a free and sovereign nation , the
Republic of the Philippines signed a Mutual Defense Trea
ty with the United States on 30 August 1951. By this
treaty, both nations undertook a solemn obligation to act
for their common defense against aggression . They dec
lared their common determination to defend themselves
against external armed attack, so that no potential ag
gressor could be under the illusion that either of them
stands alone in the Pacific area.
These cooperative measures are a demonstration of
the sincere friendship of the American people for the Fil
ipinos, and their strong faith in the Republic of the Phil
ippines. They also emphasize the importance of collective
action to preserve our freedoms in a world that is still far
from justice, harmony, and peace.
The Mutual Security Program is a program for peace.
It is being carried out with the realization that to main
tain peace we must be economically and militarily strong.
The American people , on a scale unprecedented in his
tory, are helping other nations to stem the tide of aggres
sion and to rebuild their war - torn lands. Each country
restored to health is an additional buttress in the bulwark
of democracy .
President Truman has clearly stated the objective of
the Mutual Security Program : " Its ultimate success will
come when the troops and weapons are no longer needed,
and the monies now required for defense can be used to
raise the living standards of our own and other nations
truly devoted to reace.”
148 THE PHILIPPINE
Our Affairs... (Continued from page 13)
the blessings of an enlightened colonial policy-a policy
based on the promotion of our own welfare and dedicat-
ed to our preparation for eventual independent statehood
rather than to our economic exploitation by and perpe-
tual dependence on the mother country. But more plau-
sibly this attitude is due to the fact that they know so
pitiably little about the Philippines and the Filipinos. To
the majority of these peoples with whom we share com-
mon beginnings, we are still known as an American pos-
session. They are not aware of the effort , the sacrifice and
the courage that made our present status as a free peo-
ple possible or of what we have since done to deserve our
freedom and make it enduring.
It is therefore incumbent upon us to erase the lost
vestiges of this attitude. We owe it to ourselves and to our
Asian brothers to perform his task. The urgency of the
situation calls for greater emphasis on a campaign of en-
lightenment to bridge over what is now a relatively small
gap that still separates them from us. The pattern for
this undertaking has in fact been approved by the coun-
tries that met in Baguio in 1950, which recognized the
need for " an exchange of information and diffusion of
knowledge, and thus create a firm basis for friendly inter-
course and cultural cooperation among them .” By these
means we may be able to answer all the questions that
disturb so many Asian minds about us.
This process of acquaintanceship should, however,
operate in both directions. It is as much our duty to know
our neighbors as it is theirs to know us better. We should
acquaint ourselves with their problems. To cite an exam-
ple, we should endeavor to understand India's refusal to
take sides with the West or with the East . That coun-
try's policy of non-involvement, for which it has been
censured and even condemned, is based on the sincere
conviction that to proclaim as an enemy the Sino -Rus-
sian power with which it has common frontiers would be
to " invite invasion from the immense Communist terri-
tories of the Eurasian continent without the likelihood of
American assistance in valid quantity or quality and in
time.” On the other hand, to join the Communist com-
bine would be to risk the wrath of American air power
which might come quicker than American aid which al
liance with the West presupposes. To appreciate these
considerations is to lighten the task of convicing India
of the logic and immediacy of our stand.
We should, it is reiterated , give this particular as
pect of our foreign relations greater urgency and more
serious attention than heretofore. To allow our Asian
neighbors to continue regarding us not as one of them is
to afford the Communists an opportunity to exploit the
situation by keeping us wider apart. Communism could
then turn suspicion into distrustand in this manner pre
vent the Asians from banding together for their common
good and protection.
These then are the realities that confront us . What
steps have we taken to meet the problems which they
pose?
As I have stated earlier, our territorial integrity and
9
political independence are in danger both from within and
from without. Aggression threatens us in case of a com
munist all-out military effort, and the insistence of sub
version in the event of a continuation of the existing cold
war. For lack of the necessary human and natural re
sources to enable us to assume the responsibility for our
national security, we have had to rely on America's armed
power to protect us against external attack . But our pride
as a sovereign people dictates that we should assume, if
not share in this responsibility. The United States ex-
pects us to do so eventually through self -help or coop
erative action. America cannot do otherwise at the rate
that country's commitments are developing into a glo
bal scale. It should, therefore , be obvious that the answer
to the problem of our national security, at this time at
least, lies in our undertaking the task of safeguarding it
jointly with the other countries of this area in a system
of collective defense. This solution is inescapable in the
case of Asia as it was of Europe
One of the reasons advanced against a defensive mil-
itary alliance among South and Southeast Asian coun-
tries is their recognized inability to contribute material-
ly to a common military establishment. With the excep-
tion of Australia none has the trained manpower or in-
dustrial base essential to make such an organization im-
mediately effective. I do not believe that this fact should
YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
stand in the way of the early realization of such a proj
ect. In the first place, the proposed organization as orig
inally conceived was predicated on the support of the
United States. Without active American leadership, it
would remain as hypothetical as the North Atlantic Trea
ty Organization would be, if deprived of American par
ticipation. The countries that will comprise this projected
Asian group may not for some time to come all be in a
position to contribute troops and armaments to a com
mon military pool but the organization would be as ef
fective as its Western counterpart even if all it could
accomplish would be to effect greater control, coordina
tion and integration of the production, distribution and
utilization of the vast reserves of raw materials, mostly
of critical and strategic value, of which South and South
east Asia holds the world's monopoly. The output of the
rubber and quinine plantations, the tin, copper, chromite
and manganese mines and oil fields of Malaya and Indo
nesia alone, for example, could be harnessed and chan
neled to meet the needs of the free world both in war and
in peace instead of being left for diversion to Commu
nist dominated areas for eventual use against us. The
manpower potential of the countries in this region , not all
of which may be immediately available for active military
service , should be useful for non - frontline duty, on the
farms and in factories. The labor of free men should prove
more effective than the work of the slaves such as the
legions recruited from Moscow from Soviet satellites to
build airfields and fortifications and to bolster the Com
munist war effort .
The other argument raised against the idea of a re
gional security arrangement for this area is the existence
of internal conflicts within and among the countries that
comprise it as well as of the political and economic in
stability incident to the transition from subject to so
vereign states which some of them are still going through.
The dispute between India and Pakistan over Kashmir,
the sporadic uprisings in Indonesia and that country's
claim on western New Guinea, the continuing rivalry be
tween elements of the ruling Thai hierarchy which has
manifested itself in coups -de-etat and the Communist
guerrilla movements in Malaya and the Philippines have
been cited as factors militating against the practicability
of the project. The weight and logic of this argument
cannot be ignored. But neither can the fact that similar
conflicts and conditions of instability exist among the
members of the North Atlantic Treaty group and of the
Pan American Union, whether Communist -inspired or
not. It took much greater effort on the part of the mem
bers of the first organization to reconcile France and Ger
many than for India and Pakistan to settle their differ
ences as they are quietly and gradually doing. France
cannot exactly boast of a political and economic setup
more stable than, for example, that of Thailand despite
the unexpected success of the present French government.
No defense treaty can be effective if the signatories
are so economically unsound as to be liabilities to the
other members . Since then, however, most of the pros
pective participants of the proposed Asian group have
achieved a reasonable degree of economic progress and
are well on the road to economic stability. Behind this
happy transformation are courageous and determined ef
forts in self-help plus American assistance through direct
aid or the extension of the ECA program . The Colombo
Plan prescribing a cooperation economic development
blue print for South and Southeast Asia has served to
allay fears that the piece-meal disintegration of the region
would be only a matter of time.
Opposition to the idea of Asian joint action for com
mon protection was originally criticized also because of
the existence of cultural and spiritual diversity among
the prospective participants in the effort. It was pointed
out that differences in religious background as a basis of
their respective distinctive civilizations – a predominant
ly Christian Philippines , a Mohammedan Indonesia and
a Buddhist Thailand , for example , would make the pro
posed union impracticable . If these considerations had
been taken account of by the members of the North At
lantic Treaty, that organization would still be on the
drafting board stage. Suffice it to cite the case of Turkey
and Greece which , besides pursuing different religious
faiths, were traditional enemies until NATO brought them
together . I cannot conceive of a greater cultural and spir
itual diversity , furthermore, than that which exists among
Protestant Denmark and Norway, Roman Catholic Italy ,
Mohammedan Turkey, and Roman Orthodox Greece.
The idea of a collective security organization for the
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE
countries in this region was , as well known, formally
launched for the first time by the President of the Phil
ippines in 1949 before the Senate of the United States des
pite the misgivings of the Department of State . It might
as well be said now that the respectful lukewarmness with
which the proposal was received in Washington was res
ponsible for the failure of the Baguio Conference in 1950
to assume any commitments of a military character.
The Washington attitude, however, has since then
undergone a gradual but unmistakable change. Although
voicing official concern over the serious danger to world
peace posed by the loss of China, no less an authority on
the subject than the Secretary of State was then quoted as
having considered the proposal “ premature” and as hav
ing firmly ruled out for the time being the idea of the
United States joining any defensive arrangements similar
to that of the North Atlantic organization. On the other
hand, the same high source reportedly endorsed the view
of India's Prime Minister Nehru that a multilateral agree
ment for the purpose must await the settlement of Asia's
many internal problems before it could become an “ actual
and practicable possibility.” But about a year later the
Secretary of State was again quoted as having declared
in a statement that "the United States will work vigorous
ly with Southeast Asian countries in their efforts to form
> Outright commandeering of capital and other goods
an economic, political and social union ” and that the
United States was “ looking hopefully " for such a move to
be made by these countries themselves.
This might not have altered Washington's thinking
with regard to a union of military character but since
then , since Korea to be exact , we have valid reasons to
believe that this attitude no longer obtains. Otherwise,
it would be difficult to explain the defensive pacts the
United States has concluded with three Pacific states
which are based on the same motivation and philosophy
and are in fact intended as the “ cornerstones” of the col
lective security undertaking originally envisaged by the
Philippines. It can be said that the United States now
looks with as much sympathy on a regional defense ar
rangement in Asia and the Pacific initiated by the coun
tries directly involved as on one established elsewhere.
Asia can now meet this challenge to its leadership by tak
ing the initiative.
The point that I should like to stress above all is that
granting the existence of these internal stresses and
weaknesses, we should be able to rely at least on the na
tural instinct of self-preservation of the peoples of our re
gion to disregard, if not overcome them, as the threat to
their very survival assumes more dangerous proportions.
I believe we can count on the statesmanship of the lead
ers of these countries to forget domestic strifes and cast
aside regional differences as well as tenous attachments
to old empire arrangements, in the face of a definitely
graver peril .
On the early formation of the regional setup envisag
ed by President Quirino as early as three years ago clearly
lies our hope for greater national and collective security
as well as for planned and orderly economic progress. For
tunately, the foundation of such an organization has al
ready been laid by the only Power in the world capable
of underwriting it — the United States of America. When
that country concluded mutnal defense treaties with the
Philippines, Australia, New Zealand and Japan, it created
by its own declaration the nucleus of a future system of
interlocking security arrangements, with the Peace Trea
ty with Japan as the keystone.
The extension of American economic aid to South
and Southeast Asian countries is also predicated on the
purpose and philosophy of the proposed Asian organiza
tion in the economic field , namely : to accelerate the de
velopment of the material resources of this area towards
self-sufficiency in order to insure its ability to resist ag
gression. The Point Four and Mutual Security programs
in this area are based on the same objectives as the plan
envisaged by the countries that met in Baguio in 1950 for
their national and regional economic well-being. The
framework for this regional undertaking is ready . All
that is wanting is bold and far-sighted leadership - col
lective leadership to give it substance and reality. The
moral compulsion for it faces us in the form of expand
ing Communist gains and increasing pressure right in our
immediate neighborhood. Its legal justification is derived
from the express provisions of the Charter of the United
Nations which allows and even encourages the formation
by member states of regional security arrangements for
collective defense . In its fulfillment lies the future sec
urity and well-being of the Philippines and of the rest
of Asia and the Pacific .
YEARBOOK 149
( Continued from page 14 )
Reparations ...
The major details of the Philippine claim should be
repeating. It is split into three categories: 1 ) physical
damage , approximately P1,500,000, 2 ) losses in human
life, at P3,000 per person , roughly P3,000,000,000, 3) com
mandeered goods and services paid for in Japanese war
notes, estimated at P11,000,000,000.
In the Philippine view, this claim was reasonable.
Highways, buildings and bridges destroyed in zones of
military action were a familiar sight until very recently
and testified to the enormity of the physical damage.
There were other items : ocean and coastwise shipping, for
example , air and land transportation equipment and in
stallations, industrial and commercial property, direct
>
war losses in gold, silver and currency, including those
confiscated by the Japanese from private parties and
banks .
A total of 1,112,000 Filipino lives was lost through
Japanese atrocity and military action. It is in bad taste
to put a price tag on human life, but certainly losses
such as these, which involve, quite apart from tears and
heartbreak , talent and man -hours of incalculable value
to the economy, deserve just compensation.
and their procurement in a more subtle form - purchase
through worthiess war notes — was, of course, looting pure
and simple.
A small handout has been given as compensations for
this damage. Some P20,000,000 in Japanese machine tools
was received in 1948 and is now being used by Philippine
industry. In addition , P4,500,000 in cash from proceeds of
sales of enemy property, as well as 45,000 hectares of
Japanese farm land on Mindanao, were transferred to
the Philippine government by the United States alien
property custodian . All this constituted but a pitiful
fraction of the destruction borne.
The Japanese were aware of this. They were quick
to admit the barbarities of their occupation troops, and
they were surprised at the cordiality with which Mr.
Tsushima was received by President Quirino and Mr. Eli
zalde, whose families were victims of Japanese atrocity.
But they were not prepared to entertain the Philippine
claim beyond acceptance in principle of the P16,159 ,
000,000 figure.
The situation being what it was, the Philippines felt
called upon to modify its position so as to strike definite
points of agreement. Its new position was a good deal
easier to meet than the original one: One- tenth of the
Philippine claim - amounting to P1,674,000,000 — was to
be earmarked by Japan for services to the Philippines
immediately upon ratification of the treaty. The spe
cific uses to which this sum would be put would be de
fined in negotiations between the two countries within
a year after ratification .
The modified Philippine proposal did not represent
a retreat from the original one — the P16,159,000,000
claim still held true. But it did reflect the Philippines'
willingness to meet Japan half-way. Quite conceivably
it might have been formulated to 1 ) overcome Japan's
objections to committing itself to a figure for any one
country before all claims are tallied, 2 ) get the senate's
leadership in a mood for ratification. In both cases the
response was not decisive. The reparations talks ended
with the Philippine proposal hanging fire. The senate
leadership, while professing " openness of mind,” stuck
to its view that Japan should pay in cash and kind.
As a matter of fact , the opposition went beyond this :
they put the administration under heavy attack for sign
ing the San Francisco treaty. They insinuated that rep
arations lay at the heart of the issue and that the admin
istration should not have trafficked in a treaty which
would not give due compensation for Filipino loss and
suffering
Under terms of the treaty, the Philippines has until
April 28 , 1955 , to act on the question of ratification one
way or the other. The opposition appears determined to
defer action until this date , giving Mr. Elizalde little
chance to take new steps toward resolving the reparations
question — asking Japan, for example, to set a time limit
for filing claimsand thus getting an overall tally as soon
as possible, or initiating conversations with Japan for
the restitution of gold and silver bullion and securities
and currency which the Japanese confiscated from Phil
ippine banking and insurance companies.
 Philippines Philippines
150

FINANCIAL
STATISTICS
VOLUME
FINTERNATIONAL
N
2,VEBRUARY
UMBER
1952

-1950 -1951 -1952

1937 1938 1939 1940
1946
1941
1945 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec FOD
Jon June
Way
July
Apr Aug Sept
Dec
Nov
Oct Jan
Rates
Exchange Dolla
S.
U.
):Eper
Year
(Pofesos
nd r Dollar
):ES.
U.
per
(Pesos
Month
of nd
RATE
SELLING
1 1.993 2.006 2.004 2.00 2.025 2.015 2.2:3.160161 2.015
2.015
112.015
2.016
2.02
2.00578 2.016 2.016
2.015
tax
.With 2.358
2.858
%12.3582
.
RATE
CURB 2.28 3.35 2.85 8.06 3.08
8.08
3.35
3.42 3.80
2.65
2.85
2.95
3.89
3.75
3.20
3.70
2.80
2.90
Gold
Assets
Foreign
and Dollars
S.
U.
of
(MYear
nd
):Eillions (Millions
:E
Dollars
S.
)U.
Month
of
nd
.
BANK
CENTRAL
10 557
334
389 400 230 285 246 224 246 298 290 285 278
275
292
271
267
272
281
255
290
246
247 10
Gold
. 11 1 1 1 1 1 3 7 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6
7 11
Exchange
Foreign
18 656
888
893 899 229 282 239 221 244 295 287 232 274
271
287
285
276
267 262
266
241
249
265
239 18
Exchange
Foreign
:13
BANKS
OTHER 109
103
130 63 63 74 62 66 64 75 74 92
103
99
121
106
118
90
124 96 84
79
72 13
..
TOTAL
14 667 464 498 463 283 359 286 812 362 365 359 SC7
360
381 398 402 385
396 370 367
339 326 318 14
BANKS
U.S.
EXCHANGE
IN
DOLLAR
15 193 199 227 447
489
629 488 297 874 300 318 378 380 374 377 390
395 404
382
396
369
415
356
330
342 15
Banks
and
Government
. 16 352 276 297 855 357 352 363
373
208
393
354
382
375
32
351
337
323
311 16
Individuals
and
Business
. 17 .... ... : 22 24 21 23 22 22 23
21
22
18
19 17
Transactions
Foreign ( illions
Pesos
M)of Mof
Pesos
() illions
PRODUCTION
GOLD
20 61.3 68.6 74.1 78.6 73.89 .1 4.6 14.6 20.1 23.4 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.2
2.4
1.9
2.3 2.2 2.4
2.7 2.2 2.5 20
OF
TRADE
VALUE
21
Exports 805 283 244 236 192 161 540 654 522 674 72 58 69 64 77 70 101 79
89
77 67 67
64
60
62
47 81
f, .o.b. s
Import 218 265 245 269 223 811
685 1,319 1,189 1,173 685 63 36 47 45 59 62
102
96
76
63
95
79
99
60
90
VOLUME
TRADE
OF 948
)(1100 1)= 00
( 948
).Weight
( 937 s
1Export 147 157 176 181 148 .23 92 100 119 143 175 136 152 138 186 172 161
246 133 150 137
163
150
160
139
..
Oil
Coconut
and
Copra 78 94 103 99 89 91 156 100 95 167 253 163 228 179 164 192
155
138
221
121
149
207
140
184
213
25 ,
Sugar 400 400 400 448 264 8 100 192 216 72 108 40 43 856 626
525
304
22
220
50
98
472
332
32
90 25
26 Abaca 222 189 240 238 218 83 116 100 84 133 142 136 144 182 151 149
197
233
210
153
184
159
204
114
150
Weights
937
1Imports
(). 27 45 100 99 75 73 51 52 52 78 79
80
108
65
67
71
107
95 79 98 27
Bank
Central
the
of
Assets (Millions
Pesos
):Eof
Year
nd of
MPesos
(:E nd
Month
) illions
THE

.
ASSETS
30
FOREIGN 667
777
1,123 800 461 671 493 447 491 596 581 671 544
542
549
579
555
561
553
534
522 510 494 493 30
Banks
Other
Assets
of :E(Millions
Pesos
nd
)of
Year E:(Millior's
nd
)Pesos
Mouth
of
ASSETS
..
FOREIGN
40 06 260 218 106
126 14 125 132 128 150 148 207
185 242
248
180
192
197
235
211
169
145
157
229
INVESTMENTS
LOANS
AND
DOMESTIC
41 240 236 235 285
118
223 411
X 612
616 605 615 609 586 695 605 680
692
703
612
633
618
657 709 728
749
734
Government 16
21 44 43 43 44 44 44 45
43
44
49
37
42
48
Entities
Official
45 78
71 65 70 66 62 62 65 71
69
70
68
54
63
74
73
52
53
Individuals
.and
Business 623
618 496 502 500 480 489 496 506
538
516
500
611
596
574
659
639
562
631
Cash 60 65 62 43 .
51 153 226
191 I 69
362
1 258 163 219 305 295 258 154
224
137
220
208
236
45
Deposits
and
Currency :E nd
Pe808
of
(MYear
) illions E
:(Millions
nd
)Pesos
Month
of
.
SUPPLY
MONEY
50 196 214 216 1,015
,120
1940 1,194 1,037 1,241 1,241
1,298
1,274
1,206
1,130 1,206
1,246
1,266
1,158
1,152
1,157
1,161
1,146
1,295
1,277
1,256
1,238 50
Currency 112 141 140 882
539
558 676 572 683 613
599
623 636 683 711
703
680
72
683 686
649
663
651
634
643
642 81
61
Money
Deposit 84 73 76 75 238
457
°80
401 618 465 558 531 593 662
651
558 563
574
567
5R4
558 560
508
543
509
512
516 62
PHILIPPINE

58
DEPOSITS
TIME
53 95 86 95 88 178
796
94
233 249 284 295 278
295
274
288 295 293
294
296
291
295
289
294
293
290
251
291 69
DEPOSITS
GOVERNMENT 18
45 9 22 32 81 24
25
23
29
81 77
87
72
61
75
78
67
46
60 64
64
DEBITS
BANK
55 214 175 85 179 471
372
199
413 772 722 679 685
695
918
713
782 744
799
735

Wages
and
Prices )(1948-100 )(1918
100
--
anila
..
PRICES
).WHOLESALE
(M80 20 21 19 18 96
143 100 77 85 75 80 83 84 82 86
90
84
81
88
89
79
83
87
77 74
80
..
Goods
Home
81 21 22 21 18 103
1
x81 100 94 77 87 73 78 84 85 82 76 76
73 86 09
92
97
98
93
84
88
82 81
79
.
Goods
Expor t 18 18 15 19 82
72 100 72 79 82 78 83 79 84 84 76
98
91
86
76
101
74
75
94
70
68 88
66
83 .
Oil
Coconut 27 13 12 9 14 82
58 100 63 72 69 77 74 76 79 95
97
58
89
81
63
80
60
59
56 83
53
Copra
... 26 12 11 8 12 68
45 100 60 70 70 78 68 75 72 85
93
96
84
58
72
64
54
60
55
57 53
84
84
85 Abaca
. 28 13 13 12 15 77
62 100 101 101 106 101 102 105 116 121
99
131
136
117
138
122
134
120
114 95 93 90 85
TRADE
OF
VALUE
UNIT
YEARBOOK

Weights
Exports
C(). 86 urrent 25 23 21 25 54 88 100 70 77 82 86 92 90 72 82 82 96 92 85 84 83 81 84 87 78 86
CWeights
urrent
Imports
(). 87 43 100 102 81 77 75 96 87 74 92 85 89 101 102 94 102 110 107 104 98 87
LIVING
or
).Cost
(M88anila 24 25 26 27 27 190 >
143 106 100 94 92 92 94 97 97 97 98 98 97 99 100 101 101 100 100 98 96 95 88
Rates
Manila
),iWAGES
(Dnaily
Skilled
..89 31 78
90 101 100 102 102 102 102 101 102 101 I977 96 96 96 95 95 94 94 95 95 96 89
National
Incomo
Production
and 948
( 00
1)=
PRODUCTION
AGRICULTURAL
80 )
106 81 96 100 109 119 90
Сорга
. 91 59 79 57 23 113 100 79 89 91
Oil
Coconut
92 238 224 236 45 76 100 114 150
93 Sugar
.. 270 254 259 16 80 100 165 178
)(Billions
Pesos
of
NATIO
96
.INCOMENAL 1.04 4.54 4.63 4.67 36

-m•Monthly
12
and
.totals
averages
onth .
Manila
in
goods
produced
Home AO
Index
.•F BJuly 29eginning
eginning
.•,OJMarch
ctober
anuary anuary
SJ./• eptember ./D
·June
ecember 80
.•June
New
calculation
beginning
.•January
1. 934/38
1951 - 1952
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 151

III . STATISTICS
A. National Economy

INTERNATIONAL RESERVE OF THE CENTRAL BANK CENTRAL BANK INTERNATIONAL RESERVE

AND FOREIGN HOLDINGS OF OTHER BANKS AND NET FOREIGN EXCHANGE HOLDINGS OF OTHER BANKS
As of end of Months and Dates Indicated
( Million of U. S. Dollars ) 700
MILLION DOLLARS
‫ܩܢܠܓܢܢܩ‬URS
‫ ܦܢܫ‬100
International 600 800
Year and end Reserve of the Foreign Holdings of Other
of month Nat'l Treasury Banks
Central Bank 1 Gross 2 Liabilities 3 Net Total 500 500
(1) ( 2) (3) (4) ( 1-4 )
TOTAL
400 400
1945 587.20 102.89 20.94 81.95 669.15 NET FOREIGN FICHANGE HOU NCS
OF OTHER DARS

1946 333.66 130.14 21.25 108.89 442.55

300 300
1947 388.96 109.12 44.60 64.52 453.48

7
1948 399.77 63.37 43.06 20.31 420.08 200
200

1949 CENTRAL BANK INTERNATIONAL RESERVE

100
December 8 255.76 63.57 38.71 24.86 250.62 100

December 31 230.70 53.58 24.19 29.39 260.09

1950 JUN SEP DEC MÅL JUN SE DEC MAN JON ser DEC WAR JUN SLP
0
DEC
DEC DECDES1948
1945 |19911947 PEC DEC
1949 DES
1950 PEC
1951 - MAR 1949 1 1950 1 1951
1946
January 221.62 54.38 23.56 30.82 252.44 END OF QUARTER
END OF PERIOD
February 221.41 54.58 21.46 33.13 254.54
DEPARTMENT OF ECONONIC BCSCARCK
March 221.33 56.33 22.92 33.41 254.74 CENTRAL DANE OF THE PHILIPPINES
April 224.74 52.32 19.11 33.21 257.95
May 255.67 56.18 18.22 37.96 263.63
June 221.10 59.46 16.16 43.30 264.40
July 220.25 56.85 15.44 41.41 261.66
August 225.74 62.35 15.58 46.77 272.51
September 248.14 65.95 13.19 52.76 300.90 MONEY SUPPLY
October 302.40 63.87 11.53 52.34 354.74 As of Dates Indicated
November 297.73 74.83 13.22 61.61 359.34 ( Million of Pesos )
December 295.61 74.20 13.90 60.30 355.91 Year and end Notes & Peso
of Month Coins in Demand Total Private Central Savings O time
1951 Circula- depo Banks Bank depo- depo
tion sits sits sits
January 280.97 92.30 16.15 76.15 357.12
February 285.08 103.26 16.87 86.39 371.47 1945 a 882 238 1,120 45 94 d
March 296.91 90.26 11.68 78.58 375.49 1946 b 539 401 940 18 178 d
April 299.56 105.65 13.96 91.69 391.25 1947 c 558 457 1,015 9 233 d

ลง|
May 285.12 121.04 14.95 106.09 391.21 1948 576 618 1,194 22 227 22
June 274.55 124.12 15.38 108.74 383.29 1949 572 465 1,037 32 ( 37 ) 255 29
July 264.71 117.66 14.22 103.44 368.15
August 266.23 98.73 14.35 84.38 350.61 1950
September 256.15 96.21 14.71 81.50 537.65 1,059 33 ( 41 ) 251 28
October 252.17 84.27 14.52 69.75 321.92 January 558 501
February 569 491 1,060 35 ( 43 ) 247 29
November 245.53 78.68 10.51 68.17 513.70 32 ( 44 ) 249 29
March 577 489 1,066
December 244.42 72.42 12.97 59.45 303.87 April 575 519 1,094 25 ( 44 ) 249 29
1952 May 570 539 1,109 29 ( 42 ) 247 30
June 577 532 1,109 27 ( 44 ) 245 31
January 242.63 61.67 17.67 44.00 286.63 July 591 512 1.103 36 (44 ) 241 32
February 238.53 63.39 13.48 49.91 288.44 August 599 533 1,132 25 241 33
September 613 599 1,212 24 ( 40 ) 244 34
Source of Basic Data : 1,280 31 ( 35 ) 251 37
Combined Statement of Daily Report of Foreign Exchange Assets and October 622 658
Liabilities of Banks . November 636 663 1,299 83 ( 38 ) 257 38
December 682 553 1,235 81 ( 38 ) 255 40

1951
39
历 們 仍 们 四 仍 你们 % a9

January 680 558 1,238 75 ( 27 ) 254

February 688 568 1,256 77 ( 29 ) 255 40
March 702 575 1,277 72 ( 36 ) 256 39
April 711 584 1,295 77 ( 27 ) 255 39
May 703 563 1,266 87 85 251 39
SUPPLY June 686 560 1,246 72 98 251 42
411LO CSOS MILLION PESOS July 663 543 1,206 67 116 251 43
1300 1300
August 649 508 1,157 77 145 241 39
MONEY SUPPLY 1,152 78 135 251 43
1200 1200 September 642 510
October 642 516 1,158 61 141 250 43
1100 1100
November 634 512 1,146 60 140 248 42
December 651 510 1,161 47 133 249 42
WWW

1000 1000

1952
PESO DEMAND DEPOSITS
800 800
January 639 497 1,136

600 600
Source of Basic Data :
Bureau of Banking Reports .
Bureau of National Treasury.
Combined statement of Resources and Liabilities of Banks .
400 400 Miscellaneous statistical information supplied by Banks .
NOTES AND COINS IN CIRCULATION 1 Adjusted to include the P50 million issued on Dec. 31,1946, which was
taken up in records of the Central Bank on Jan. 31 , 1949.
200 200 2 Beginning Jan. 1950 adjustments were made on unused overdraftsline as
the banks made a more complete report on DER 4 , Form No. 2 .
а Seven banks in operation .
b Eleven banks in operation.
JUN PECDIC DUDUDU DROIC JIMMAMIJIJIJOnDOTMAMIJIJIADONDOMAMIGIJAIDOND 0 c Twelve banks in operation
www/ 5019
END OF PEA 101
150 1951 d Including time deposits.
ENI OINONEN e This decline, however, is more apparent than real , inasmuch as it was
CENTRAL BANK OF THE PRILIPPINES DEPARTNENT OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH brought about by the transfer to the Philippine Government as loan
from the United States.
 152 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

Consolidated Statement on Income and Expenditures of the National

Government
( General , Special and Bonds Funds )
Fiscal Years 1935-1951 |

Increase or Current Surplus Current Surplus

Fiscal Incomo Expenditures (Decrease ) in at the Beginning at the end of
Yoars Current Surplus of the Period the Period
During the Period

1935 82,839,281.32 $ 75,933,192.52 26,906,088.79 75,179,189.42 $ 82,085,278.21

1936 103,502,237661 92,366,192.69 11 , 136 ,044.92 78,889,661.35 90 , 025,706.27
1937 228,1537582.01 113,889,971.42 114,263,610,59 90 ,025,706 : 27 204,289,316.36
1938 131,414,287.84 139,343,695.93 ( 7,929,408.09 ) 204,289,316.86 196,359,908.77
1939 87,808,478.78 84,795 , 162.64 3,013,316.14 196,359,908.77 199,373,224.91
1939-40 158 , 029,869.56 183,616,273.36 ( 25,586 , 403,70 ) 199,373,224.91 173,786,821.21
1940-41 158,667 , 903.22 167,767,838.10 (9,099 ,934.38 ) 173,786 , 821.21 164,686,886.33
1941-44
1945 3,612,103.51 52,314,419.54 ( 48,702,316.03 ) 170,829,907.05 122 , 127,591.02
1945-46 187,054,820.81 213,424,782.73 ( 26,369,961.92 ) 120,507,041.65 94,137,079.73
1946-47 433,771,323.16 384,512,587.51 49,258,735.55 94 , 137,079,73 143,395,815,28
1947-48 361,054 , 478.06 374,562,199.22 ( 13,507 , 712,16 ) 143,395,815.28 129,888,094.12
1948-49 397,520,997.58 452,944,022.62 155,423,025.04 ) 129,888,094.12 74,465,079.08
1949-50 424,743,917.18 527,435,946.67 ( 102,692,029.08 ) 74,465,069.08 ( 28,226,960,41 )
1950-51 466,744,940.60 428,398,850.25 38 , 346,090.35 10 , 119 , 129.94 10 , 119 , 129.94

REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES OF THE NATIONAL

GOVERNMENT, GENERAL FUND, 1936–1961 DEPOSIT LIABILITIES OF ALL BANKS
2050 and 1051
WILLO PESOS NILLIOI PE 303 MILLION PESOS
MILLION ESOS

Total Depesit Liabilities

900 900
SURPLUS DR (DCFICIT ) Af Tit (AD OF THE PERIOD
ITK357 TO INT
100 1.6 m 100
-Deposit 10 Foreign currency
1997 ZIVI. VIII CIPESOITURES 800 300
10 MINIMIIIAN
199 ! TIRANA
700 700
10141
1989 UNION PESO SAVINGS AND TINE DEPOSITS
300 UHVA 800 800
Joo
402

500 500
40
Paasa.YES . & EVENUE

400 100
200
DEFICIT DURING TNE PERIOD
300 300
CIPEDITURES 1150 D DHAND DEPOSITS

200 200

100

100 100
SutPLUS ( VENUE
DURING THE PR100

Prs IMARIAPR MAY JUN JUL Ausl sertlocrinovi DEC APK Tux TuUL Love The Floch worlac
. . 5 1
1936 1937 11030 1030 104674 144.187.11811 1838T 1810 END OF WEEK
4 Jaguay I to ne 30 ly . CAS Y
V kry to do 30 ' iverage of daily loures curley the worl.
COITRAL BANK OF TE PHILIPPINES e PATIENT OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH CATIAL JARE OF THE PHILIPPINES DATION OF BONONIC ADLANGS

Totals of Assets , Deposits and Loans,

Discounts and Overdrafts of Banks
( Thousand of Pesos )
Loans, Discounts
Year Total Assets Deposits & Overdrafts
June 30 , 1909
7
P 36,250 P 21,170 P 17,716
22
1910 45,694 25,533 21.819
1911 48,834 25,812 25.605
1912 71,456 29,989 35,184
1913 67,027 28,253 36,157
Dec. 31 , 1913 63,405 28,644 33,967
• 99
1914
1915
65,747
71,238
29,435
31,899
36,359
39,084
1916 121,617 79,766 48,799
1917 238,897 140,093 83,407
1918 399,323 237,859 137.676
1919 351,479 202,209 194,316
1920 427,259 197,986 219,571
1921 372,625 144,197 202,261
1922 302,321 134,274 195,326
1923 314,204 141,341 182,819
1924 279,190 143,879 147,233
1925 287,453 148,157 147,575
DOWESTIC CREDITS OF ALL COMERCIAL BANKS IN THE PHILIPPINES 1926 245,582 135,596 140,045
750 1927 256,393 146,977 139,519
>

TOO
KILLI ISCS KILLION SOS
700 9)
1928 272,392 164,663 169,509
TOTAL DOMESTIC CREDITS
1929 272,638 146,203 146,304
MW

DONDS AND SECURITIES OF

DOMESTIC ISSUES 1930 262,221 144,558 144,763
1931 235,574 136,746 133,355
AWS

600 600
1932 245,133 146,440 135,200
CUSTOMERS LIABILITY ACCEPTANCES 1933 260,700 154,458 122,773
500 500 19
1934 259,032 153,837 112,538
99
1935 275,011 171,895 125,798
"
1936 348,229 226,627 162,754
MW

400 400
OVERDRAFTS 1937 359,273 222,127 172,066
June 30 , 1938 390,107 248,007 175,238
300 300 Dec. 31 , 1938 386,830 236,234 190,426
1939 383,481 233,158 206,309
‫وز‬
1940 368,980 217,550 204,168
200 200
June 30 , 1941 371,357 225,124 192,912
LOANS AND DISCOUNTS Dec. 31 , 1945 ( a ) 571,466 364,490 91,917
100 100
Sept. 30 , 1946 ( b ) 805,232 531,386 185,350
Dec. 31 , 1946 823,818 608,935 239,305
1947 991,897 714,982 339,691
1948 1,167,998 865,237 469,014
JUN DEC
INS
IND O
be Prop
PERIOD
DECOK JIPIMAC TASOTID IMIJIJIRSIONID
1949 1,016,364 739,353 458,868
1
1950 1,132,748 862,378 484,446
hoe lading weetvu pot Nils bopinola imit 1990 . 1951
CENTRAL SANT OF INE PHILITIES " Putni tovon1C 103
1,126,588 748,929 552,140
(a) Totals for seven banks .
( b) Totals for eleven banks.
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 153

PHYSICAL VOLUME OF PRODUCTION

PERCENT OF 1997 AVERAGE PERCENT OF 1951 AVERACL Index of Physical Volume of Production
1937-1940 and 1946-1951
( 1937-100 )
189
Year Combined Index Agricultural Manufacturing Mining
1937 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
120 1938 98.2 85.3 109.1 129.4
MANUFACTURI
1939 93.4 82.8 98.8 152.3
100 1940 109.9 98.0 117.1 165.0
AGRICULTURE 1946 38.7 58.2 21.0 2.0
1947 75.6 79.5 77.5 16.8
AGRICULTURE CONDIRED 1.DCI
1948 85.3 86.4 89.4 36.0
COMBINED INDEX
1949 91.3 92.2 94.7 49.1
1950 ai 95.9 97.4 101.6 58.6
KANUFACTURING
1951 107.1 99.5 119.8 67.8

Source of Basic Data :

Bureau of Census and Statistics.
20 18 Bureau of Commerce .
Bureau of Forestry.
Bureau of Mines.
Sugar Quota Office.
9 3711 938119 a/ Preliminary .
Predicinary .
CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH

B. PRODUCTION
Philippine Agricultural Production

Yoar Palay Corn Sugar Copra A baca Tobacco Cacao Corree Maguey
( rough rice ) ( Metric Tons ) ( Metric Tons )
(Metric Tons ) ( Metric Tons ) (Metric Tons ) (Metric Tons ) (Metric Tons) ( Metric Tong) ( Metric Tons)

1923 32,086 1,045 1,156 27,038

368,131 188,888 28,020
1924 387,936 43,328 1,161 1,174
1925
197,685 1,178 28,842
362,220 180,488 41 , 902 1 , 112
1926 365,629 182,037 45,448 1,083 1,207 25,325
1927 1,089 1,210 19,953
410, 160 172,776 50,216 1,237 19,518
1928 432,663 178 , 766 46,177 1,216
1929 2,190,602 350,076 840,403 480 , 191 47,419 1,217 1,301 21,282
213,393 1,367 17,884
1930 2,269,824 361,325 892 , 468 460 , 130 195 , 489 46,114 1,238
1931 2,184 , 173 812,863 869 , 121 419,686 43,516 1,024 1 , 408 11 , 411
162,194 8,100
1932 2,091,164 407,561 1,065,328 406,188 130,394 45 , 138 944 1,090
1933 2,205,092 927 1,013 5,903
412,488 1,218,230 472,537 134 , 456 45,380
10 , 746
1934 2,332,053 338,694 1,499,223 475,239 180,257 35,519 764 1,024
1935 2,016,304 295,529 684,678 539 ,696 200,576 31,133 798 700 14,910
1936 1,857,662 361 , 129 945,869 650,894 149,970 35,033 807 744 26,871
1937 2,420,692 437,651 1,076,059 521,885 200,627 36,260 888 930 23 ,821
1938 1,825 ,650 459 , 110 1,042,340 697,775 164,917 39,069 548 954 17,698
1939 2,296,511 1,042,338 504,392 1,969 6 , 460
537 , 121 144 , 130 32,114
1940 2,362,746 572 , 185 947,067 738,474
1941 2,381,717 533,839
1

1942 2,438,536 592,973

1946 ( 2 ) 1,623,333 ( x ) 331,262 (x) 11,646
1949 2,491 , 100 698 , 120 74,510 660 3,800 1,750
1950 2,606,060
534,070 21,920 720 3,870 1,820
573 ,730 780 , 110 82 , 180 26,400 2,790
1951 ( x ) 2,597,040 ( 7 ) 603 , 190 ( 2) ( x ) 821,410 ( x ) 164,850 29,870 760 4,640

( x) Preliminary
Source : Bureau of Census and Statistics .

1938 1949 1950 1951

Crop Area planted Production Area planted Production Area planted Production Area planted Production
( hectares ) (M. Tons) ( hectares ) (1.Tons ) ( hdetares ) (M.Tons ) ( hectares ) ( M.Tono )
Total 4,771,640 5,267,690 4,946,360 5,885,450 5,103,330 6,139,190 5,284,969 6,723,860
Rice ,rough (pa lay) 1,829,990 1,825,650 2,164,100 2,491,290 2,214,000 2,606,060 2,251,800 2,597,040
Corn 816,700 459 , 110 866,200 534,070 909,000 573,730 953 , 170 603 , 190
Coconut : Copra 1,051,210 540,390 965,500 698 , 120 985,000 780 , 110 974,160 821 , 410
Desiccated 35,510 58,760 65,980 67,760
Home -made oil £ 2,970 2,980 3,090 3,360
Tuba 113,410 146,400
Food nuts 83,300 90,410 70,180 72,220
Sugarcane : Sugar total 229,700 1,042,340 128,960 692,910 129,530 653,980 168,920 930,230
Centrifugal 990 , 470 660,960 620,890 893,530
Muscovado & Panocha 51,870 31,950 33,090 36,700
Molasses 115,100 142,300 122,080 195,600
Basi 20 , 100
Abaca 291,530 144 , 130 282,700 74,510 291,470 82,180 317,290 164,850
Tobacco 57,920 32,110 38,740 46,070 26,400 50,820 29,870
21,920
Beans and vegetables 49,200 42,440 48,880 59,680 54,040 67,020 63,214 92 , 140
Cacao , dry beans 4,560 550
3,990 660 4,020 720 4,150 760
Cotton , seeded 1,560 550
Coffee , dry beans 7,090 1,970 9,530 3,800 9,830 3,970 10,200 4,640
Fruits and nuts 201,440 256 , 340 203,300 269,750 211,360 345,880 233,494 355 , 450
Kapok , seeded 3,170 2,590 3,350 1,980 3,400 1,200 3,680 1,210
Maguey 8,310 6,460 7,940 1,750 7,020 1,820 7,230 2,790
Peanuts , unshelled
Rami e
12,170 6,530 18,600 9,570 21,020 12,310 22,266 19,490
180 190 470 50 350 20 385 40
Root crops 698,290
178,010 614,390 172,360 528,230 185,540 188,100 698 , 940
Rubber , rav 3,640 950 5,040 1,210 3,380 1,320 5,310 1,670
All other crops 25,060 59,910 28,300 30,780
27,000 55 , 100 56 , 750 61,200

A- Preliminary .
Source : Bureau of the Cens us and Statistics .
 Production
Philippine
Of
Table 157

Year : Palay Sugar

: T
L
:b imb
acaer
A: umb Gold
Silver Iron opper
anganese
etallic
CM:-N; hromite
on
:
)(c
; avans ton
bal
mil
):(i
bd.snhor
ses
lio
ft.
t n o(): unces : Lon
)(M. s M
):() .Tons
alue
V):(M;.Tons

1900 :
1901
: 3 : :600
1902 i i : :
56
1903
; $ : 3 :
70
;
1904 : : : :
123
8
1906 • i
116 :
:
1906 :
136,614 : : ;
125 8
:
1907 158,158
: :
4,539 :83 284,092
:132
:
:
137,993
; :
2,353 1,383,315
:97
: :
1908 : i :
10,510
1909
: : 130,048
; : :
11,979 :
3,004 2,323,367
: 78
i :
1910 228,238
: :
1,802 2,099,577
:50
; :
2
1
:;8,859,090 : ;
7,471
1911 213,586
: : ;
3,388 :2,826,410
;
73 :1
:2: 0,530,100 : : 9,190
1912 8173
,: 25 :
7,132 3,513,745
:141
: : :
1
:: 1,622,470 : :
27,58 6
:1913
2:4,498,860 260,692
: : 42,01
; l i 3,944,581
:227
: :
1914
2
:: 2,736,810 232,601
: 56,82
: 8 :
10,015 :199
:
4,613,391 :
THE

1
1915 372
,
i •7,818,490 :
2,017 63,70
: 4 :
15,678 :4,867,586
:
96 :
0,878,860
i1916
2 :
226,974 : :
72,85 3 :
4,878 5,664,260
:93
: :
3,000
i1917
2 :8,276,720 242,211
1
:i,275,000 :64,001 :
2,626 6,030,450
:66
: :
650
$31918
:5,795,050 218,724
1
: i ,410,000 62,31
: 2 :
4,512 6,533,354
: 78
: : .
3
•1919
:3,781,650 234,457
:1
i ,101,000 63,36
; 4 :
9,422 7,388,472
:67
: i
;31920
i6,343,810 296,544
:1:,070,000 58,65
: 1 :
9,896 :87
:
7,610,769
4 1,478,540
:1921 754
,4389,530
: 08 :
63,52 7 ;
26,230 6,158,851
:174
: ;
:1922
4:3,436,830 469,112
1
:i ,277,000 :
70,92 6 :26,920 5,742,721
:156
:
4
i1923 369,807
1 : 3 :
37,334 :269
6,706,083
:
PHILIPPINE

:3,790,500 :: ,459,000 81,58

1,570,700
;1924
4 342,720
1
· :,488,000 :
81,08 5 ,109
:54 7,342,875
:273
:
45,652,60
1925
: 0 548,508
: ,241,000
1 :94,145 :
68,667 8,027,924
:398
; :
4 7,780,000
:1926 406,209
1
: i,240,000: : 93,13
: 9 :
44,405 5,002,718
:306
: : :
49,496,40
1927
: 0 590,5
1,276
484
: 97
,000 :189 :81,579 :
28,475 5,683,767
:200
; :
4 9,921,200
;1928 633,8
1
·610
::,416, 000
57 227
1 :93,117 37.480
; ·15,275,349
:209 :
4 9,786,400
•1929 703
771,3
:1 60
;: ,590, 000 252
: 163,0
: 57 :101,627 :166
:
8,094,677 : :: :
:1930
5i 1,586,900 :867,0
1619 96
: ,297, 000 208
; 182,0
; 24 :
110,478 :173
8,748,787
: : ;
1931 4
• i9,640,300 875,8
1 76
: 3,079, 000
:513 :
134 423,4
: 20 :
97,248 8,262,373
:;163 : : :
JETRBOOK

1932
::
:4 7,294,200 1,1
:432
:918
: 00,
,00721 147 246,740 :160,426 : 0,166,312
·1
168 :
0
4
•1933 460
1,2
i1
: ,22
63,
4,0 :
172 :290,335 :
170,306 :100
:
5,597,827 i i
i7,343,000 973
00
•51934 i;700
1,5
1 221
: 340,3
: 39 ;
254,180 13,302
:3,707,585 . ;
63,001,200 78,
i ,45 0,0
406
00 115
4 5,825,100
;1936 695
:1
, 45 248 :
456,8 43 :337,279 4 ,103,211
:310,544 :
519 ::
,450,000 :789 : 255
1936
•4 982,2
1 9:621
, 68 ,909
:538 4
:596,256
; ,586,455 : :
6,645 :
6
:2,219,600 41 21
;:9;,344, 000 292
;
•51937 1 22,02 67
:728,169 629,894
:7,005,348 ;
12,20 6 1
: 5,413
79,490
i5,015,730 :;1, ,093 :
,324,3000 316 :
716,9
:51938 1
1,054
:: ,162, 000 340
,015,631 ; 902,052 :
1,045,656 :896,357
6,590,052 49,35
; 9 :40,353
•24,200
i2,345,210 ;
1939
:530
1
,4 93
2 983,587
:1583 : :
1,034,774 :
1,278,721 :
1,166,781 i :29,394 ;132,177
·25,333
:: ,410,000 186
:1940
5 :1,373,000
1,072,564
,033 332 :
1,467,835 :
1,236,206 8 ;52,166 2• 9,874
;186,002
: 3,698,780 : :
1,095,180
•51941
1
,9 40
4
:29 :1942
1,147,173
::,245,000 349: ?:
1,029,94 :
778,201 :
835,595 : :55,372 329,243
:1 30,870
5
:1942 332,589
· : 8 : : :
:5,494,000 : : : i
1945
: 39,210
i: : • • : : •
: : : :
:31946
:6,893,940 3
12,914
:91
:: 91,254 8 297
: :
913 3,045,293
:: :
58,000
i41947
:9,957,563 7
84,581
:436
;:96,194 26
; :
65,487 :
44,186 :•12,847,416 :
3,322 :195
9,207
,103
:;51948
3,062,993 586,608
:398,113 :
801 ;334 ;
209,225 :
150,760 1
·; 4,326,470
18,289 :
25,565 256,853
:5,837
6,620,200
•51949 5
:729,539
124,596
,038 492
; 287,844
: :
219,419 1 :
6,877,119 26,288
:370,172 :7.007
246,744
;
1950
5
· ;9,228,600 7684,667
,079
:1i 65,254 i
516 333,991
: 216,034
: 2
•: 4,466,593
599,095 29,867
: ·10,384
;250,511
:51951
:9,133,700 1 97,595
:9935,332
: ,251 ;
473 398,926
: 253,124
: ·32,105,600
:910,535 22,343
: :12,470
;324,181
1951 - 1952
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 155

SUGAR PRODUCTION AND EXPORTS OF THE PHILIPPINES COCONUT OIL AND COPRA PRODUCTION
1929. 1951
200 PERCENT OF 1937 AVERAGE RECENT OF 1977 AVERAGE200
MALLIONS MILLION WETRIC TONS
‫قفلفل‬ LEIENE
COCONUT OIL

COPRA OSECADA

130 150
PRODUCTION

10 10

100
100

EXPORTS PRODUCTION
05 05
30 59

EXPORTS

0 0 1937 1938 1939 1940 1946 1947 1948 1941 11050 118 5 1
0219071991 1992 1993/10.10.2016
1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 Tentative
DEPARTXENT OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT TOT ECONONIC RESEARCH • CENTRAL BARE OF THE PHILIPPINES

LUMBER PRODUCTION AND EXPORTS

ILLION IOARD FLET
APPROVED PERMIT VALUATION OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION IN MANILA
MONTHLY AVERAGE AND LUMBER PRODUCTION IN THE PHILIPPINES

ERCENT OF 1937 AVERAGE PERCENT OF 1937 AVERAGE

40 40
MONTHLY AVERAGE 500
300
PRODUCTION

PERMIT VALUATION
400 400
30 30

ya
20

10

0
L PRODUCTION

CIPORTS

171509140141140072041501577

CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES

EXPORTS

150
Anne
DOPAATWENT OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
10

0
300

200

100

The index .
FIMA STO

from 1946 through 1951 ore dellated by the

cont of contruction materiale

CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES

LUMBES PRODUCTION

JFM
9 5 0
TSTOND

DEPARTMENT OF ECONONIC RESEARCH

300

200

100

Production of Distilled Spirits , Fermented Liquors , AREA PLANTED AND PRODUCTION OF PALAY
Wines of Imitation Wines and Alcohol (Native and 1910-1951
Industrial) , 1937-1951
Area Production Yield per Ha .
Wines and Alcohol Crop - Year Planted Cav. 44 kg . Cav . 44 kg.
Year and month Distilled Fermented Imitation Native Industrial
Spirits Liquors Wines 1010 1,192,140 18,859,090 15.82
( Proof (Gauge ( Gauge (Gauce ( Proof 911 1,043,760 20,530,100 19.67
liters ) liters ) 11ters) 11 ters ) liters ) 1912 1,078,890 11,622,470 10.77
1913 1,141,240 24,498,860 21.47
1937 86,571,192 4,089,60 810,696 77,642,424 4,739,700 1914 1,244,940 22,736,810 18.26
1938
105,461,148 5,861,952 760,308 99,756,460 5,346,216 1915 1,130,710 17.818,490 15.76
1939
96,596,232 6,433,404 747,804 90 ,430,848 4,599,852 1316 1,140,830 20,878.860 18.30
1940 1917 1,225,690 28,276,720 23.07
93,523,632 7,380,99€ 6:27,780 67 , 142,280 3,431,316
1918 1,363,140 35,795,050
1941
88,292 , 160 9,818,004 616,008 46,010 , 148 2,797,068 26.16
1942
1,109,232 619,60
1919 1,381,340 33,781,650 24.45
1943-1944 45,348 365,316 12,732 1920 1,434,890 36,343,810 24.47
1945 1921 1,673,380 41,478,540 24.79
7,668 58,536 1922 1,661,430 26.14
1946 35,856 30 , 120 43,436,830
1947
7,683,744 20,570,880 76,632 270,480 149,652 1923 1,675,870 43.790,500 26.13
1948 21,537,612 43,207,044 56,256 3,643,560 1924 1,737,910 41,570,700 23.92
718,992 1925 1,725,500
1949 24,061,956 37,749,660 21,840 6,025,224 1,425,816 45,652,600 26.46
1950 1926 1,755.920 47,780,000 27.21
51,759,600 33,547,236 18 , 120 13,399,644 1,331,352 1927 1,807,060 49,496,400 27.39
1950
1928 1,786,960 49,921,200 27.94
January 5,881,204 3,500,752 1,876 797,040 11,340
February 1,638,542 1929 1,775,460 49,786,400 28.04
7,914,242 799 1,267,997 177 , 120 1930 1,812,800 51,586,900 23.46
March 7,539,638 3,285,024 3,640 1,627,274 73,224 1931 1,795,610
April 49,640,300 27.72
4,396,342 2,619,910 979 1,222,092 171,459 1932 1,781,630 47,299.200 26.55
May 2,648,815 2,779,978 1,145 880,045 145,567 1933
June 3,345,631 1,853,720 47,343,000 25.81
2,866,340 5,799 941 , 548 53,120 1934 2,004,030 53,001,200 26.45
July 4,287,233 2,440,508 1,292,904 56,700 1935 23.33
August 1,964,070 45,825,100
2,454,269 2,025,339 1,554 1,067,527 89,718 1936 2,048,700 42,219,600 20.60
September 1,805,466 2,723,498 295 656,970 116,360 1937 2,060,950 26.69
October 3,411,795 3,103,512 55,015,730
576 854,937 197,062 1938 1,919.050 52,345,210 27.38
" ovember 3,157,155 3,199,015 276
December 4,919,811 3,364,824 1,180 1,275,085
1,516,228 116,329
123,357
1939 1,965,480 52,193,430 26.55
1940 2,080,380 53,698.780 25.80
1951
1941 2,289,190 54,129,940 23.65
January 7,568,029 3,602,582 3,571 2,188,875 117,653 1942 2,318,560 23.93
February 55,494,000
6,835,452 3,477,084 1,625,867 185,064 1946 1,649,960 36,893.940 22.36
March 6,534,648 3,284,281 2,672 1,696,641 194,639 1947 1,949,145 49,957,563 25.63
April 4,963,535 3,320,881 872 1,761,338 420,385 1948 2,041,435 53.052.993 26.00
May 4,058 , 908 3,987,518 1,309,825 171 , 708 1949 2,164,100 56,620,200 26.16
June 3,167,622 3,298,734 2,639 1950
942,361 120,368 2,214,000 59,223.600 26.80
1951 2,251,400 59,133.700 26.10
Source : Bureau of Census and Statistics
Source : Bureau of Internal Revenue .
 156 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951-195 ,

C. TRADE

VALUE OF YEARLY TRADE OF THE PHILIPPINES — 1900-1951

( in million pesos )
MERCHANDISE EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
Balance of
Year and Month Total Imports Exports Trade
3.7 MILLION PESOS WILLION PESOS
1900 95.7 49.7 45.9 Try
1901 109.3 60.3 49.0 11.3 MONTHLY AVERAGE
9.3 IMPORTS
1902 124.0 66.7 57.3
2.8+ 100 joc
1903 132.4 67.6 64.8
1904 117.5 59.1 58.3 .94
1905
1906
1907
1908
127.0
118.1
127.1
125.6
60.1
52.8
60.9
58.4
66.9
65.3
66.2
65.2
6.8+
12.5+
5.3 +
6.8+
75

LICESS OP
ES
EXC OF EXP
OR T
V 75

IMPORTS
1909 132.0 62.2 69.8 7.7+ EXCESS OP IMPORTS
1910 180.7 99.4 81.3 18.2 50
su
1911 185.7 96.0 89.7 6.4—
1912 233.2 123.3 109.8 13.5 EXPORTS
EXPORTS
1913 202.1 106.6 95.5 11.1.
1914 194.6 97.2 97.4 .2+ 25 25

1915 206.3 98.6 107.6 9.0+

1916 230.9 90.9 139.9 48.9+
IMPORTS
1917 322.8 131.6 191.2 59.6+
1918 467.6 197.2 270.4 73.2+ 0
29fxTEN IB.SOWIAT Tigo 51 T5 TORTO
1919 463.5 237.3 226.2 11.0 50
1920 601.1 298.9 302.2 3.4+
1921 407.9 231.7 176.2 55.4—
1922 351.6 160.4 191.2 30.7+ CCITRAL BANK OF THE PNILIPPINES DE PARTANT of CCORODICIS

1923 416.5 174.9 241.5 66.5+

1924 486.7 216.0 270.7 54.7+
1925 527.2 239.5 297.7 58.3+
1926 511.7 238.6 273.2 35.2+
.
1927 542.8 231.7 311.1 79.4 +
1928 579.4 269.3 310.1 40.8+
1929 623.2 294.3 328.9 34.6+
1930 512.5 246.2 266.3 20.1 +
1931 406.3 198.4 207.9 9.6+
1932 349.5 158.8 190.7 31.9+
1933 346.3 134.7 211.5 76.8+
1934 388.0 167.2 220.8 53.6+
1935 359.5 171.0 188.5 17.4+
1936 475.2 202.3 272.9 70.6+
1937 520.6 218.1 302.5 84.5+
1938 496.8 265.2 231.6 33.6—
1939 560.9 245.1 315.8 70.7+
1940 581.3 269.5 311.8 42.3+
1941 593.5 271.2 322.3 51.1 +
1946 720.1 591.7 128.4 463.3
1947 1,551.8 1,022.7 529.1 493.6
1948 1,805.7 1,170.2 635.5 534.7
1949 1,680.3 1,172.8 507.5 665.3
1950 1,359.2 684.9 674.3 10.6 %
Jan. 103.8 64.0 39.8 24.2
Feb. 118.5 71.2 47.3 23.9
March 109.6 60.8 48.8 12.0 DIRECTION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
1950 - 1951
114.0 64.9 49.1 15.8 WILLION PESOS WILLONS
April 700 TO
700
May 112.6 59.4 53.2 6.2— LEGEND
June 111.0 65.0 46.0 19.0- 600 IMPORTS 600
109.8 60.3 49.5 10.8 | S25.4 O EXPORTS
July 500 500
Aug. 124.1 52.5 71.6 19.1+
Sept. 94.3 36.2 58.1 21.9+ 400 400
Oct. 115.3 46.7 68.8 22.1+
Nov. 109.4 44.5 64.9 20.4+ 140 140

Dec. 136.6 59.4 77.2 17.8+

1951 1,761.9 945.8 816.1 129.7 110 120

131.9 61.6 70.3 8.7 + 100 100

Jan.
Feb. 153.7 53.2 100.5 47.3+ 85

March 143.0 66.3 76.7 10.4 + 80 82

April 159.6 61.7 87.9 26.2 +

May 154.8 75.9 78.9 3.0+ 60

June 162.8 95.5 67.3 28.2-

158.9 102.2 56.7 45.5 40
July
163.1 99.1 64.0 35.1
Aug. 79.7 61.6 18.1
Sept. 141.3 20

Oct. 154.8 96.0 58.8 a 37.2- a 1

Nov. 136.3 89.5 46.8 42.7

Dec. 111.7 65.1 46.6 18.5 கன்
1950 1951 1950 1951 1950 1951 1990 1991 1950 1951 1950 1951 1950 1951 1950 1951 1950 1951 1950 1951 1950 1951 19501951
CENTRAL NORTH SOUTHERN LASTEMOT MIDOLE OTHER
NORTH AMERICA SOUTH OTHER MISCELOTNERUS
AMERICA and ANTILLES AMERICA WESTERN
EUROPE FUROPL EAST ASIA OCEANIA AFRICA
INSULAR
LARCOUSES
Source of Basic Data :
Bureau of the Census and Statistics . CENTRAL DANE OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF CRONOTE RESCAPE
Bureau of Customs.
1 Tentative . a Corrected.
 1

*
-3
GI
1951

Leading Philippines
The
Of
Exports
-
1952

COIL
OCONUT
1SUGAR CA
ARA 1 LD
|T
&C
PINEAP
I ANNED
ICOCONU
ORE
ON
RUMBER
ESICCA
IMBER
COPRA
E PLE
T
MBROID
TOBACC
IL
!PRODUC TS
O TED
ERIES
Quanti uantit
uantit
Value
7alue
Year
VQ|1?value
?!Quarti
uantit
tyyyy
m
(m illion
illion
illion
(1!! illion
illionli
li
)kilos
)
!2 kilos
)1 1 kilos
1
)1P kilos
)!P1 1cu.
).M kilos
)1 )1
kilos kilos
)PO
1!

1900
16 5.2 14.8 I91 0.9 6 1 .4
164.9 I ! 1 1 1 1 I
1
1901 56.9 5.1
1 |11 26,2 3 132,5
! .2 1 1 1 1 1 !
1902
198.6 6
1 .7 I11 13.3 5!59.2
.4 1 ! 1 1
1903
185.3 I6 1 .7 ,|11 40 82.
!7 1 .6 I ! 1
1904
187.1 I6 1 .2 1
Į 23.6 38.6
!4 .1 I 1
1108.5
1905 130.4
,0.01
111011
0.1 16 .5
55,7 1 1 1
1906
1129.5 |1.
1 11
9 04.1
7
.1 60.11
8.7 I 1
1 1907 1I .4
1 27.98 .8 11
.217.2 58.61
9.61 1
1908
1
! 44.7 |11.4 11
2.97
1.31.4 1
197.5 2.11 1
1129.3
1909 I11.2 I 168
.! 1 109
. 15.3
11
1910
1
1 21.5 |11 4.4 1 1
|I 63.1 2
120.5
1! 1.31 1 1 ! 1
12
1911
. 09 2|! 2.2 1 |11 48.2 142.11
1
26.
THE

1
1912
1. 97 119.6 I |175.1! 28.4
!1142.8 1 1 1
1913
1157.3 1|14.1 5
. 12.3 119.81 819.11 1 2.21 ! !.4 !
.02 !.6
1914
2
1 36,5 ‫ܙ‬ |5
116.4
! .2
1 1.9 1 I!.1
81 67.3 1 .31 !.7
1
02
.1915
1211 15
13.4
!2,6
2.6! 142
. I 22.21
139.11 ! .01
.6
!1
1916 1
I3 7.2
176.1
.9 137.31 72.3
! 14.21 1 2.31 !1.
1
03 1
1337.5 22‫ܙܝ‬ 1
PHILIPPINE

1917
1205.9 2 1 2.8
2
|41 5.2
4.6 1
69.4 92.21
1
16.7 ! 3.91 1
03 .91 I
1918
!273.3 115,3
169.3
|3
I6
1 1.6
3.3 155.11
10.4 1 1 4.41 02 1
136.
19191 139.9
121,2
11|3 0.4
173.7 25.11
18.8 ! 6.91 02
1.81
1920
1
1 80.3 |9
l114 6.5
41.5
7.6
79.2 25.81 1
7.4 1 15.61 1 3 1
!.0.8
1921
299.
1 9 9 1
132
11
.|5 0,3
00..1
41 150.3
126.11 1 ! !
10.7 1.
!.0 6
! 3
362.
1922
1 1 1.1 72
151.2
|3 07.2
1.5 28.211
173.1 1 6.51 1.
.01 47 .1!
271.
1923
1 9 .|6
2
190.4
8 199,2
8.1 1 207.11
38.5
11 1 ! 12.81 09 1
!3,1 1
357.
1924
I 8 !1 I8
|3
111.6 3.75
7.6
1 77.3 156.01
!
30.7 1 !
9.4 4.1
.1
1 !
8.1 3.1
546.
1925
1 8 104.1
139.6
.|9
!1 51
11 1 31.7
146.71 1 ‫ܙ‬ .1 1
4.3 112.5 !5.2 ! 1
411.
1926
1 I6
.1
2117.3
1|4 4.5
!1 54
4.7 137.2
174.
I. I 12
. I 1
5.11 14.31 5.51 ! I I
553.
!19273 4
11 9.7
1100.6
| 44.8 1
!1 48.8 138.3
!199.3 8.
1 9 .‫ܐ‬ 5.61 !
15.2 1 7
5. 1 1 I
1928
569. 1
1|9 42.2
1|45.1
7 174. 8 6.31 1 !
SEARBOOK

1 9 I I45.1
1234.4 !9
. 1
20.4 17.4
695.
1929
1 9 1 06.5
89.4
90.5
1I1158.4 !173.6
131 1.1 ! 12
. 1 7.21 I
22.3 1 1
7. I 1
744
.1930
1 1104.5 47.4
8.3
11I|3I 69.3 !1 74.3
1
2 6.91 I !7.2
1 5.51 19.91 1 9
5. I .003
!!
752. 2.6 1 1.6 1
.002 I
.....cc
1931
1 9 19
!1
3 64.9
0.1
132.1
1 9.9
|18.3
174.21
7.91 14.81 5.3
I! .2 13.7 16.81 3.6
11,0
193216,6 1119.6
|1 10.
114.705.8
!137.2
!1 5.3
10.3 12.81 1
6.7 .1 1.7 16.11 11.4 I.3 1
11,0
193378,7 8.3
11128.7
1 59,6
! 52.1 113.71
18.
308.81 10.41 3.3
!I .2 !
2.5 17.91 3.4 3.1 !7.2
.9 .031
1934
11,152,8 1131
I1
1144.8
| 7.31
74.5
3.6
.!342.7
7.21 10.41 15.3 .3 I4.31 !
23.5 4.5 283
1.3 .3
1.2 1.1
516.
19352 |6 5.91
1188.2
165,2
2
22.4.5
252.91
1! 2.91 !
12. !10.2 .
5 11
6 1
3.8 .
54.5 2.91
.4 .I
34 7.9
1936
899.
1 8 159.6
2
291.1
1I31 7.7
23.91
14.21
67.1
0. 10.51 8.5
!! 6.21 1
33.7 8.3 .11 3.3
16! 01,2 I
2.7
.5
,1937
871
1 I1
1115.4
1141.1
236.5
4 3.31
65.3
363.3
2. 9,91 7.41 .5 7.91 1
40.7?
12. 8.9 2.1
I9I 10.9 4.2
!
8
1938
1 68,2 1
2 65.6
1.5
1100
0.31
!342.11
.141.3
I24.51 9.91 10,21
! !
5.5 34.31 7.6 13.4
! 14.2
5 1,154.7 5.11
874.
1
1939 7 |9
1 9.3
67.7
177.8
12
!I 3.71
8.3
400.61
26.31 14.51 !110,7 .5 !
6.4 ]
41.7 8.3 11,191.5
18.8
15
.1 l
5.5
1940
976.5 2!|9
11 4.5
85.9
9.7
177.4
341.91
11 5.41
18,81 10,31 9.21
! .5 7.11 !
40,5 7.3 !14
1
.3 1 1
5
I 76.2
1941 1
|5
.12 7,2
8.9
! 92
62.3 2 65.11
22.3
!35. 7.21 !7.3 81 .91 57.31 12.1 . !
.4
1945
+ 1 ! ! ! ! 1 4. ! .041
I ! 1 1
1946
1 ! 24.5
1!1
.6.5 9.71
,390 78.
1 !2.5 .081
1 !.
0 21
, 01 1
4.6 1 1
4. 1 1 1 1
18.8
1947
1 !4
86.1
1 .1
3.9
1 9.1 |354.4
1,008.4
163.41 4.41 2.81 !1 5
.006
. 21.21 10.1 15.3
!
7.7 2
.2 1 I.3
1948
!216.7 |3l4
!.7
586,61.6
7.3
0,7
5
160.31
1 09.4 2,71 12.91
1 !5
1 .7
.01 61.41 57.5 40.4 49.9
1131 3,7 4.31
.1949
41 15 6
5 9
I|3 0.5
1.3
3.4
5.
17.91
528.7
79.31 4.41 12.
11 16 .5
!.1 57.61 38.7 1 5
166.560.4
!1 9.4 1
.7
1950
438.8 9
71.4
1|4 7.7
5.3
83.5
|20.31
|!698.5
72,8 3.51 1
11.3 1 9.6
I1.3 !
72.9 1
47.9 937.9
5.41
50,5
I1 .15
61951
1 15.5 1136.9
I1
1|4 26.5
6.9
79.5 3
1772,1
108.2
34.31 !
6. 18.51 !3
1 4.9 !
44.3 28.7
152
 Philippines
The
Of
Imports
Leading
158

ICP
|M
Goods
I
W
l'&|T
.TOils
D&,IM!jAuto
D SAPER
obacco
ineral
otton
ts
HEAT
IIron
& teel
Chemicals
rucks
eat
airy
SILK
,FLOURI
yes
!
Manufactures
IIts
Yoar P
M anufactures
.1( roducts
!IProdeteoleum 1 &T
!&
|D
M ires
arts
roducts
IPedicines
rugs
Value
IV
(m alue
illion
alue
11Villions m1 alue
(V
Valill
uei01 V
I alue Value Val
Valu ue
e
I .
)
P m
1(P
) illion m
)(1)
?I1(P illionn
) illio 1

1900
1 1.4 11.9 1 I .9 1 .
1 1 1 1 2
.
I
1901 3.7 18.9
. 1 I .9 1 1.1 1 !
1.4 ! 1.9 I
1902
. 4.2 . I
.14 1 1.3 1.5 1 ]1.8 1 2.1 1
1903
I 2.2 1 12.6 I 1 I .1 1.6 1 l
1.3 . 2.2 I
1904
I 4.8 I 9.9
I 1 ! .
1 1 1.5 1
1.1 2.2
1905
1 5.3 1
12.7 1 1 1
. 1 1.5 . .1
1 1 I 2.3
1906 4.1 1 1
13.3 1 1 .8 1 1.7 .7 1.9 I
19071 5.1 1 16.8 1 .05 I 1.2 1 2.1 1 ]
.8 . 1 1.8 1
1908
1 4.4 ! .16 .08 ] 1.4 1 1.9 . 1.1 ! 1 1.1 1
1909
I 3.9 13.9
1 . .07 1.2 2.6 5 I1
. . . .9
1910
I 6.6 16.9 1 4 I 1.8 3.1 1 1.3 I 4.8 1 1.1
1911
! 11.8 1 20.6 1 I .3 1 2.6 . .
3 l
1.5 . 5.8 1.3
11912 1 1 I 4.3 1 .
1
1913 17.3 $ 24
. 3.6 1 7 1 1.7 1 3.8 1.75 2.5 I 1
6.6 1.5
1
1914 .
14 1 20.1
I 3.6 1 .7 ! 1.5 1 3.2 1.7 .
2 6
. 1 1.5
1
1915 8.9 23.7 3.6 1 ! 1.5 3.9 1.91 1.9 1 I
5.7 1.8
1916 7.5 I 18.8 4.1 1 .8 . 1.8 I .
3 . !
1.9 2.7 1 4.3 2.9
1917 11.9 1 37.8
1 5. ! 2.7 I 3.9 3.8 I 4.1 .
3 1 6.1
1 2.9
1918
! 24.5 1 58.2 4.5 1 1.6 I 3.7 .
6 I 1
5.7 6.5 I 1
6.8 3.3
1919
1 44.7 1 38.6 13.1 2,2 1 6.2 8.9 I 5
. 9.6 1 1
9.8 4.9
1920 43.8 1 !68.8 18.8 1 3.7 I .
5 9.4 . I6. 14.9 ! 111.6 4.3
1921 43.5 . 38.9
I 22.8 4.3 1 6.1 .7 1 3.7 9.6 ! 1
10.6 3.3
1922
1 15.2 1 47.2 13.3 ! 2.4 I 4.9 5.8 1
3.1 .
3 1 I
8.5 2.9
1923
. 17.4 ! 46.3 13.4 ! 2.3 . 6.1 .7 3.21 4.4 1 I8.6 3.3
1924
1 24.1 1 !
49.4 17.3 . .
3 .6.3 1 .
8 1 I4.4 6.5 1 9.9
. 3.6
1925 27.9 55.2 1 17.4 1 3.7 6.8 1 11.2 I
5.6 9.2 1 10.9
I .
4
1926
1 2
.7 I 1
56.5 17.7 4.3 .
7 1 .
10 I 7.11 10.4 I 11.9
1 4.3
1927 30.9 I ,
26.1 15.4 1 5.5 1 7.6 I 9.7 ! 18. 12.5 1 12.4
! 4.2
1928
I 40,3 56.3 16.6 . 6.2 1 8.2 10.7 1 1
8.5 13.3 I 13.4 4.8
1929 43.8 1 54
. I 19.8 1 6.5 8.6 10.1 ! 9.3 15.3 13,8
! 5.1
1930
1 38.6 1 37
. 17.9 1 5.9 1 7.8 .
9 18.7 12.4 11.3
1 4.8
THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK

1931
1 26.7 1 32.8 I 18.9 . 5.4 . 6.5 1 6.4 1
6.6 9
. . 1
12.2 4.8
1
1932 20
. I 33.5
I 13.7 I 5.4 ! 5.5 1 4.9 1 1
4.9 .8 I 8.1
I 3.9 .
1933
1 17.3 l
26.3 11.3 1 4.2 I 4.6 4.4 1 4
. 7 6.5
1 3.8 1
1934
1 22.8 1 31.2
1 12.8 ) 5.9 6.4 5.2 | 4.6 10.3 1
8.2 4.8 .
1
1935 22.2 1 30.6
1 15.3 7.5 1 6.6 5.7 4.91 9.2 9.3
. 5.1 .
1
1936 .32 ! 30.5.1 14.7 7.1 6.4 1 7.9 I 5.81 11.4 11.1 5.6 .
1
1937 38.7 . I34.9 .
13 7.3 . 7.6 . 8.2 1 1
6.1 .
12 ! 10.1 5.7 !
1938 45.8 I 43.8 16.3 I 15.9 1 10.3 1 10.3 1 1
6.5 16.2 . .12
1 8.9 .
1939
1 39.5 . 39.3 16.1 1 13.9 I 9.1 1 8.3 6.71 11.3 I 11.2
I .
7 .
1940
1 42.3 I 34.1
1 24.9 1 14.8 . .
13 . 9.7 I 1
9.7 13.1 1 12
. . 8.1 1
1
1941 35.6 1 1
41.7 24.7 1 16.6 } .
13 1 12.2 1
12.5 13
. 1 13.6
I 10.2
1945
] 1.2 1 1.5
I .2 . 2.4 1 2.2 1 8.8 1 .9 2.7 I 7.4
1 -3. .
11946 17.3 94.5 14.7 1 45.1 1 23,2 I 29.1 30.11 22.7 ! .25 1 21.4 .
1
1947 46.1 . 153.41 36.8 I .
44 I 38.9 52.1 I 1
90.7 51.4 53.1 29.6
1
1948 55.9 1 137.4
1 68.5 49.4 44.7 .59 1 105.4
I 63.9 60.1
. 28.2
1949
. 79,5 I 133.8
1 65.3 I 35.5 47.9 58.2 1 96.5
l 62.3 1 46.8
! 36.5 I
1950
1 5511 1 74.5
1 .
69 23.1 ! 35.5 I 40.6 32.21 33.4 . 36.8
1 33.3 1
1951 71.5 1 146
. 71.5 17.2 49,2 1 49.1 28.4 57.9 1 49.7 45.9
!
1951 - 1952

52

E.
re
 15 )
1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK
QUANTITY AND VALUE OF YEARLY QUANTITY AND VALUE OF YEARLY QUANTITY AND VALUE OF YEARLY
EXPORTS OF CORDAGE FROM EXPORTS OF CIGARS FROM
EXPORTS OF CIGARETTES FROM
THE PHILIPPINES THE PHILIPPINES
THE PHILIPPINES
YEAR Quantity Value YEAR Quantity Values
YEAR Quantity Value
(Kilos) ( Pesos) ( Thousands ) ( pesos )
( Thousands ) ( pesos )
1908 74,434 1899 196.090 1,891,898
1899 2,006
1909 68,254 1900 172,659 2,316,834
1900 11,904
67,582 1901 238,475 1,664,898
1901 25,124 1910
1902 117,852 1,977,036
1902 18,752 1911 87,252
85,336
1903 118,947 1,922,710
1903 44,388 1912
276 157 124,402 1904 104,753 2,011,790
1904 29,462 1913
1905 95,737 1,785,122
1905 28,500 1914 399,793 172,028
454,621 189,799 1906 108,635 2,003,014
1906 81,205 119,636 1915
1916 614,311 293,245
1907 114,665 2,126,764
1907 111,855 145,634 1908 115,881 2,118,656
1908 75,207 92,108 1917 1,221,169 769,974
2,209,064 1,733,968 1909 151,457 3,509,056
1909 23,337 42,058 1918
1910 185,407 5,519,322
1910 35,529 81,280 1919 1,586,028 1,108,610
1920 2,003,444 1,373,705 1911 134,830 3,803,726
1911 30,170 62,674
1,793,254 918,544 1912 190,842 6,184,128
1912 49,310 109,820 1921
2,631,953 1,099,375
1913 191,762 6,024,762
1913 47,883 95,830 1922
3,159,867 1,497,769
1914 154,753 4,630,318
1914 44 121 77,446 1923
1924 4,503,119 2.188.624 1915 134,648 4,114,605
1915 44,550 84,990
1916 193,026 5,688,751
1916 47,063 99,483 1925 5,498,219 3,353,016
4,565,420 2,810,916 1917 284,525 9,588,192
1917 53,978 113,014 1926
1927 5,571.913 3,333,413
1918 360,145 14,252,637
1918 114,528 231.941
1919 155,307 391,729 1928 6,574,755 3,550,871 1919 392,339 18,157,707
1929 7,106,512 3,808,544 1920 421,545 25,442,276
1920 124,771 339,571
1930 6,286,155 3 106,453 1921 154,879 6,454,886
1921 39,837 87,530
1931 4,637,941 1,774,816 1922 300,485 11,602,219
1922 53,198 165,880
1923 96,522 699,196 1932 3,833,450 1,318,093
1923 280,755 12,339,888
1924 218,598 10,809,323
1924 82,298 436,935 1933 5,754,931 1,813,536
1925 252,553 12,087,952
1925 52,723 161,839 1934 8,318,834 2,668,219 1926 247,710 11,323,377
1926 49,471 113,369
1935 8,006,643 2,323,629 1927 207,579 9,304,516
1927 68,469 148,967
1936 3,463,031 963,756 1928 220,884 9,530,279
1928 230,259 446,825
1937 3,356,021 1,100,213
1929 188,333 7,649,297
1929 159,865 297,406
1930 168,561 7,090,446
1930 60,382 133,399 1938 3,808,896 1,101,749 183,874 6,790,674
1931
1931 33,470 83,128 1939 5,989,714 1,753,954 1932 182,575 6,462,436
1932 24,869 58,859
1940 6,460,809 2,011,175 1933 196,141 6,315,866
1933 21,580 62,421
1941 7,745,657 2,478,658 1934 222,850 7,211,020
1934 17,225 43,833
1942 1935 223,117 6,798,760
1935 16,273 43,942
1944
1936 178,334 5,492,653
1936 17,144 53,793
1937 204,620 6,144,719
1937 34,959 58,654 1945 No data available
1938 196,694 6,049,228
1938 89,697 169,075 1946 1,386,873 1,612,887 1939 207,137 6,293,810
1939 28,665 69,725 1947 1,427,860 1,864,145 1940 206,231 6,492,431
1940 136,559 275,612
1948 3,161,033 3,379,580 1941 180,334 5,385,021
1941 79,732 185,846
1949 2,316,681 2,659,184 1942
1946 108 848
1944 No data available
1947 6,030 22,407 1950 2,028,249 1,876,998
1945 45 3,550
1948 7 1951 5,632,410 6,513,369
1946 5,491 646,708
1949 609 2,189 Source : Bureau of the Census and Statis
13
1947 1,373 208,071
1950 47
1951
tics . 1948 2,081 285,660
1949 1,574 243,160
Source : Bureau of the Census and Statis- | Furnished by : Foreign Trade Division 1950 2,138 308,028
tics . Bureau of Commerce . 1951 2,657 367,798

QUANTITY AND VALUE OF YEARLY

EXPORTS OF COPRA MEAL FROM
THE PHILIPPINES

YEAR Quantity Values 1926 71 265,382 3,472,447 1940 14,148,797 455,910

( Kilos ) ( Pesos ) 1927 90,761,976 4,969,078 1941 2,633,091 60,697
1913 2,658,189 219,150 1928 81,652,385 5,772,274 1942
1914 3,967,361 233,624 1929 113,792,153 7,585,573 1945 No data available
1915 1930 89,903,761 3,784,449 1946 3,914,874 456,642
1916 1,566,027 45,921 1931 98,625,559 3,041,605 1947 27,088,523 4,263,634
1917 1,066,684 36,999 1932 75,847,584 12,107,333 1948 39,523,629 5,625,460
1918 237,723 7,255 1933 99,916,715 2,115,107 1949 20,369,209 1,668,294
1919 37,596,890 2,173,471 1934 99,651,951 2,102,241 1950 13,798,428 1,600,429
1920 36,981,990 2,393,122 1935 101,864,072 3,278,847 1951 68,072,631 7,099,722
1921 44,419,166 1,208,930 1936 56,515,545 1,590,585 Source : Bureau of the Census and Statis
1922 67,146,601 2,435,290 1937 64,230,988 2,962,757 tics .
1923 50,818,778 1,798,548
1938 92,634,826 3,920,229 Furnished by : Foreign Trade Division
1924 65,750,614 3,426,674
1939 68,078,507 2,264,241 Bureau of Commerce
1925 55,787,366 3,396,928
160 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952

PHILIPPINE TRADE WITH THE UNITED STATES PHILIPPINE TRADE WITH CANADA

Total Trade Erports Imports Balance Imports Erports Total Trade

Year ( Pesos ) ( Pesos ) ( Pesos) ( Unjav . ) Y e ar ( pesos ) (pesos ) ( pesos )
1899 10,576,682 7.870,510 2,706,172 5,164,338 1905 30,788 21,398 52,186
1900 10,228,093 5,921,70? 4,306,396 1,615,305 1906 23,258 25,608 48,866
1901 16,161,094 9.092,584 7,068,510 2,024,074 1907 52.760 28,432 81,192
1902 31,258,244 22,951,896 8,306,348 14,645,548 1908 42,906 20,402 63,308
1903 33,817,052 26,142,852 7,674,200 18,468,652 1909 50.332 10,334 60.666
1904 33,507,576 23,309,936 10,197,640 13,112,296 1910 181,202 103,070 284,272
1905 40,860,706 29,680.814 11,179,892 18,500,912 1911 35,506 153.322 188,828
1906 32,694,350 23,738,578 8,955,772 14,782,806 1912 100,252 19,012 119,264
1907 30,793,850 20.654,774 10,135,076 10,523.698 1913 14,188 195,172
180,984
1908 31,105,182 20,901,510 10,203,672 10,697,838 1914 92,130 4,626 96.756
1909 42,343,688 29,453,026 12,890,662 16,562,364 1915 28,515 93,380 121.895
1910 74,620,534 34,483,450 40,137,084 ( 5,653,634 ) 1916 12,220 1,367,052 1,379,272
1911 78,159,228 39,845,254 38,313,974 1,531,280 1917 28,560 1,090,628 1,119,188
1912 94,382,034 45,764,014 48,618,020 ( 2,854,006 ) 1918 64,950 1,335,391 1,400,341
1913 86,220,558 32,868,036 53.352,522 ( 20,484,486 ; 1919 466,293
51,426 517,719
1914 96,878,222 48,855,420 48,022,802 832,618 1920 192,792 1,814,398 2,007,190
1915 100,068,560 47,306,422 52,762,138 ( 5,455,716 ) 1921 583.775 1,236,079
652,304
1916 117,021,611 71,296,265 45,725,346 25,570,919
1917 126,468,717 75,241.295
1922 350,289 1,969.781 2,320,070
201,710,012 51,227,422 1923 132,048 186,509 318,557
1918 295,943,059 178,293,837 117,649,222 60,544,615 1924 307,202 666,148 973,350
1919 264,288,213 113,305,384 150,982,829 ( 37,877,445 ) 1925 195 , 149 229,644
1920
424,793
395,012,081 210,432,525 184,579.556 25,852.969 1926 336,297 640,921
304,624
1921 248,973,616 100,713,586 148,260,030 ( 47,546.444 ) 1927 460,872 789,756
95,476,651 328,883
1922 223,699,852 128,223,201 32,346,550 1928 438.381
1923 100705,070 797.845 1,236,226
270,799,116 170,094,046 69,388,976 1929 591,180
1924 194,627.605 120,797,206 73,530,599 557,808 1,148,988
315,425,011 1930 507,719 868.326
1925 218,089.883 138,595,166 360,607
356,685,049 79,494,717 1931 440.068 317,548 757,616
1926 200,006.430 143,151,236 56,855,194 1932 651,922 228,572 880,494
1927 375,033,094 232,076,500 142,956,594 89,119,906 1933 657,954 456,334 1,114,288
1928 398,887,886 231,171.751 167,716,135 63,455,616 1934
1929 434,116,863 249,930,946 185.185.917 63.745.029 1,269,921 553,905 1.823,826
1935 1.781,454 534,107 2,315,561
1930 367.050,179 210,684,122 156,366,057 54,318,065 1936 2,402,771 1,286,785 3,689,556
1931 291, 124,159 166,844,793 124,279,366 42,565,427 1937 1,122,132
3,324,320 4,446,452
1932 267.891.232 165,295,733 102,595,499 62,700,234 1938 2,936,529 586,240 3,522,769
1933 269,706,866 182.626,053 87.080,813 95,545,240 1939 2,450,657 809,753 3,260.410
1934 292,438,543 183,687,187 108,751,356 74,935,831 1940
108,733.000 3.162,875 1.269,918 4,432,793
1935 258,604,073 149,871,073 17,443,661 1941 765,524
1936 215,050,654 122,994,525 3,468,712 4,234.236
338,045,179 92,056,129 1945
1937 241,486,043 126,604,072 3,795,748 3,795,748
368,090,115 114,881,971 1946
1938 178,889,989 180.714,457 13,460,035 3,190.025 16.650,060
369,604,446 ( 1,824,468 ) 1947 27,624,806 11.198,831 38.823,437
1939 424.771,945 257.916,239 166,855,706 91,060,533 1948 14,998,174 11,330,591 26,328,765
1940 465,132,546 255,883,056 209,249,490 46,633,566 1949
274,334,905 218.025,294 26,364,470 7,142,639 33.507,109
1941 492,340,199 56.309.611 1950
1945 26.144.850 10,899,137 37,043,987
50,974,435 457,965 50.516,470 ( 49,058,505 ) 1951 33,944.982
1946 438,158,958 11,789,071 45.734,053
591,900,636 76,870,839 515,029,797
1947 1,184,379,453 304,379.829 879,999.624 ( 575,619.795
1948 1,367,413,940 418,185,064 939,228,876 ( 521,043,811 )
1949 1.293,157,176 267,570.650 915,586.526 ( 548,015,876 )
1950 1.003.643,131 481,296,159 522,346,972 ( 41,050,813 )
1951 1,194,593,576 522.390,296 672,203,280 ( 159.812,984 )

PHILIPPINE TRADE WITH CHINA

PHILIPPINE TRADE WITH JAPAN

Imports Erports Total Trade
Year
( pesos ) ( pesos ) ( pesos )
1874 495,615 58,945 554.560
Year Imports Exports Total Trade 1875 456.965 11.859 498.324
( Pesos ) ( Pesos ) ( Pesos ) 1876 1.447.703 67 998 1,515,701
loro

1874 12,814 300 13,114 1877 1,240,747 4,378 1.245,125

1875 427 427
1878 1,390,719 154,720 1,545,439
Il
11

1876 31,928 31.928 1879 1.118.692 102.204 1.220.896

1877 69,898 20 69,918 1880 768.005 39,563
1878 328,007 328,007 807,566
1881 623,711 68.348 692.059
1879 57,784 36,910 94,694
4,505 55,187 1882 529,056 14.194 513,250
1880 50,682
1881 891 86.879 87,770 1883 489.343 14,276 503.619
1884 740.733 33.947 77469 )
1882 513 513
1885 485,189 66,339 551,528
1883 1,208 1,208
1886 627.007 66.877 093.824
1884 8,726 56 8,782 1887 507,286 83,424 590,710
1885 1,183 39,507 40,690 1888 5,047.789
201 2,247 2,448 4,444,722 9.488.511
1886 1889 8.025 959
6.049,756 14.075.715
1887 80 27,189 27,269 1890 4,749,054 9,143,994 13,893,048
1888 106,911 6,690 113,601
22,548 1891 4,555,071 4,281.621 8.876.79 ?
1889 19,100 3,440
39,470
1892 4,423,270 8,435,691 12,858,961
1890 37,948 1,522 1893 3,650,034 7,939,054 11.539,088
1891 50,079 57,887 107,966
1894 4,601,555 6,764,621 11,366,176
1892 55,433 186,895 242,328
1893 498,666 796,672 1898 3,417,144 1.681.930 5.099,074
298,006
1894 172,839 1,237,553 1,410,392 1899 16,666,886 8.027,012 24.693.993
1898 94,448 132,638 227.086 1900 15,476,964 8,219,642 23,696,606
1899 368,796 2,044,040 2,412,836 1901 10,101,408 6,085,954 16.187.362
1,588,906 2,471,544 1902 12,939,036 7.352,480 20,291,566
1900 882,638
1901 3,168,436 5,290,698 1903 9,256,862 877.336 10.134,198
2,122,262
1902 1,453,274 1,416,690 2,869,964 1904 6,186,164 1,725,062 7,911,226
1903 1,623.474 3,257,778 4,881,252 1905 5,721,822 1,847.Ji2 7,568,834
1904 1,670,024 1,643,956 3,313,980 1906 5,350.054 4,184.844 9.534.898
1905 1,665,114 1,302,324 2,967,438 1907 5,438.874 4,178,780 9 617.654
1908 4,205,812 3,009,666 7,215,478
1906 1,791,256 760,040 2,551,296
1907 2,008,606 1,183,750 3,192,356 1909 5,224,054 3,010,232 8.234,286
1908 2,656,344 805,058 3,461,402 1910 5,153,152 1,481,462 0,634,614
1909 3,242,006 546,752 3,789,758 1911 3,993,090 1,090,226 5,083,316
1910 5,287,900 534,864 5,822,764 1812 3.851,194 2,176,672 6.027,866
1911 5,356,106 1,133,402 6,489,508 1913 4,369,302 3.292,134 7,661,436
1912 6,103,380 5,136,246 11,239,626 1914 5,007,176 2,204,580 7,211.756
1913 6,786,460 7,849,068 14,635,528 1915 4,662,162 3,243,493 7,905.655
1914 7,267,284 5,987,690 13,254,974 1916 5,286,755 4,418,307 9,705,062
1915 7,434,536 7,560,492 14,995,028 1917 8,514,651 4,324,516 12,839,167
1916 9,439,375 9,697,614 19,136,989 1918 13,153,925 6,498,561 19,652,486
1917 16,432,436 14,655,943 31,088,379 1919 14,348,379 7,574,430 21,922,809
1918 26,208,111 15,936,809 42,144,920 1920 21,487,364 4,428.117 25.915,481
1919 23,218,231 14,066,855 37,285,086 1921 18,903,856 5.150.260 24,054,116
1920 32,178,231 14,886,041 47,064,272 1922 13,085,004 4,701,201 17,786,205
1921 21,269,531 13,825,435 35,094,966 1923 13,540,844 2.396,199 15.937,043
1922 17,205,787 11,759,115 28,964,902 1924 13,960,595 5,988.900 19,949,495
1923 16,108,689 15,390,418 31,499,107 1925 13,927,998 6,939,840 20,867,839
1924 17,087,685 12,543,910 29,631,595 1926 13,228,852 6,390,724 19,619,576
11.735,380 33,625,252 1927 12,918,753 5,235,846 18.154,599
1925 21,889,872
1926 23,227,086 14,618,522 37,845,608 1928 13,119,487 7,008 , 296 20.127.783
1927 22,185,451 15,447,704 37,633,155 1929 14,185,585 6,378,951 20,564,536
1928 25,861,753 13,944,735 39,806,488 1930 11,277,190 4,215,440 15,492,630
1929 23,879,095 14,259,084 38,138,179 1931 11.629,991 2,526,101 14,156,902
1930 25,912,971 8,743,914 34,656,885 1932 10,770,279 1,131,681 11,901,960
1931 21,953,482 7,176,621 29,130,103 1933 6.942,592 1,684,343 8.626,935
1932 12,310,012 5,144,595 17,454,607 1934 5,879,525 2,175,159 8,054,684
17,284,986 1935 5,603,237 1,792,106 7,395,343
1933 11,363,204 5,921,782
1934 20,692,548 8,523,602 29,216,150 1936 5,303,364 1,978,438 7,344,002
1935 24,342,949 10,718,729 35,061,678 1937 6,623,292 1,933,897 8,557,189
1936 26,528,530 16,786,272 43,314,802 1938 6,147,691 1,904,536 8,052,227
1937 32,204,014 20,029,761 52,233,775 1939 5,242,960 2,000.853 7,234,813
1938 25,414,083 15,026,342 40,440,425 1940 6,211,560 3,687,494 9,899,054
1939 15,216,414 15,989,025 31,205,439 1941 8,593,210 7,520.356 16,113,566
1940 12,063,121 17,594,308 29,657,429 1945 25,270 904.425 929,695
1941 7,145,248 15,826,182 22,571,430 1946 9,691,531 9,959.457 19.660,988
1947 1.906,588 4,506,735 6,413,323 1947 28,535,866 2.843,113 31,378,979
1948 4,192,546 31.035,169 35,227,715 1948 45,784,484 4,050,319 49,834.803
1949 32,124,746 22,690.978 54,815,724 1949 20.440,210 1,682,835 22,123,045
1950 29.780,492 42,140,238 71,920,730 1950 7,201,956 2,581,303 9.783,259
1951 63,603,076 61,530,522 125,141,598 1951 7,761,630 7,259,847 9,021,477
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 161
2
PHILIPPINE TRADE WITH NETHERLANDS PHILIPPINE IMPORTS BY COMMODITY GROUP, 1949-1951
Imports Exports Total Trade
Year ( pesos )
( F.O.B. value in thousand pesos )
( pesos ) ( pesos )
1874 to 1883 No available data 35,077
Commodity Group 1949 1950 1951
1884 35,077 21,655 Total 1,137,387 684,865 945,832
1885 21,655 27,617 200,669 Animals , live 251 303 174
1886 173,052 61,409 104,748 Meat products 13,701 3,269 10,102
1887 43,338 30,817 48,655
1898 17,838 Animal oils & fats, edible 166 71 285
1889 56,222 42,286 98,508 Dairy Products 46,835 36,306 51,443
1890 7,115 7,115 Fish and fish products 32,682 14,390 23,619
1891 7,504 7,504
1892 18,984 18,012 84,242 Other edible animal products 7,572 1,418 1,739
1893 66,230 76,760 Inedible animal products 18,352 € 11,988 13,556 i
1894 76,760 13,910 Other inedible animal products 1,610 3,227 5,569
1898 13.910 357,098
1899 357,098 320,346 Grains and preparations 88,784 38,363 77,476
1900 320,346 303,024 Veg . and veg. preparations 18,697 6,153 10,337
1901 303,024 310,308 Fruits and fruits preparation 15,570 4,292 4,412
1902 310,308 129,740 389,090 Nuts and nuts preparations 1,009 235 164
1903 259,350 407,916 589,618
1904 181,702 106,814 340,968 Veg. oils and fats, edible 1,015 1,304 2,364
1905
1906
234,154 434,610 862,872 Cocoa, coffee and tea 21,091 6,868 14,001
428,263 453,942 826,132 Spices 371 102 311
1907 372,190 589,044 967,713
1908 378,674 360,266 807,526 Sugar , molasses and syrups 9,200 2,238 2,925
1909 447,260 585,852 978,120 Beverages , wines and liquors 8,426 5,911 7,072
1910 392,268 855,386 1,209,706 Rubber and manufactures 24,890 16,571 38,440
1911 354,320 443,080 833,616
1912 390,536 574,042 940,810 Gums , resins and oils 4,917 4,076 7,106
1913 366,763 666,232 931,240 Roots, herbs, barks, etc. 69 169 19
1914 265,008 574,162 869,501 Tobacco and manufactures 35,491 21,683 18,929
1915 295,339 1,280,597 1,561,665 Seeds ( except oil seeds ) and nursery
1916 281,068 176,910
1917 176,910 90,927 stock 494 519 226
1918 90,927 17,003,786 17,213,031 Miscellaneous vegetable products 653 870 1,542
1919 209,245 6,857,132 7,292,432 50 89 23
1920 435,291 10,453,723 10.859,875 Straw , rushes and palm leaf
1921 406,152 5,191,123 5,670,345 Textile fiber and manufactures 246,747 118,603 198,592
1922 479,222 4,914,180 5,464,847 Wood, rattan , bamboo
1923 550,367 3,373,807 4,197,019 & manufactures 4,817 1,224 867
1924 823,212 3,630,596 4,700,724
1925 1,070,128 3,189,566 4.230,338 Cork and manufactures 246 242 410
1926 1,040,772 3,310,531 4,490,846 Paper and manufactures 47,920 34,580 46,962
1927 1,184,315 2,931,899 4,000,323 Non-metallic minerals 101,021 86,613 100,213
1928 1,063,424 2,976,303 4,135,973
1929 1,160,670 1,276,224 2,223,207
Metals and manufactures 178,088 126,366 152,832
1930 946,983 1,237,385 2,339,571 Electrical machinery &
1931 1,102,186 649.451 1,405,950 appliances 38,527 25,857 21,534
1932 756,499 842,664 2,192,420 Vehicles and parts 62,716 30,283 35,482
1933 1,349,756 1,804,223 2,731,394
1934 927,171 595,849 3,221,432 Chemicals, drugs, dyes
1935 2,625,583 4,620,895 9,137,301 & medicines 36,543 35,163 43,564
1936 4,516,406 2,137,586 6,543,671
1937 4,406,085 5,082,032 10,915,764
Fertilizers and fertilizing
1938 5,833,732 6,517,454 12,425,299 materials 6,821 13,098 15,304
1940 2,557,217 43,069 2,600,286 Explosives, fireworks &
1941 32,976 32,976 ammunition 1,907 1,193 2,094
1945 3,288 3,288
1946 761,040 1,119,910 1,880,950 Pigments, paints and varnishes 10,733 6,879 10,198
1947 2,363,088 3,692,169 5,955,257 Soaps and toilet preparations 7,987 2,036 1,878
1948 1,069,586 5,857,948 6,927,534 Miscellaneous 41,409 22,313 24,056
1949 1,628,106 4,561,666 6,189,772 12
1950 1,353,566 13,453,940 14,807,506 Surplus goods
1951 9,285,060 41,584,208 50,869,274 Source of Basic Data : Bureau of Customs

QUANTUM , PRICE AND VALUE INDICES OF THE PHILIPPINE DOMESTIC EXPORTS

PERCENT OF 1937 AVERAGE PERCENT OF 1937 AVERAGE

400 400

VALUE INDEX

300 300

PRICE INDEX
09

200 200

100 100

QUANTUM INDEX

ftati mtutulalsta Atml statefutat stato 0

S

FIMIA M (м
1

1 949 1 50 1 9 5 1

CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH

 1951
162 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
19. VE
MC
FOREIGN TRADE OF THE PHILIPPINES : Sweden 754,332 170,824
1951 Compared with 1950 Hongkong 282,150 590.468
Switzerland 224,960 30,040
1 9 5 0 Belgium 113,508 62,300 Un
1 9 5 1
Denmark 90,516 6,642 Bel
Value (Pesos ) Percent Value (Pesos ) Percent Jar
Other countries 330,962 1,249,998
TOTAL TRADE 1.790,516,663 100.00 1,377,763,798 100.00 Ger
Imports 959,032,606 53.50 712,359,034 51.70 10. RAYON AND OTHER SYNTHETIC Gre
Exports 831,484,057 665,404,764
46.44 48.30 TEXTILES , Total – 28,172,132 32,053.264 Net
Unfavorable 127,548,549 46.954,270 Но
TWENTY ( 20 ) PRINCIPAL IMPORTS Lu .
1951 Compared with 1950 United States 27,832,920 31,775 494 Саг
Hongkong 158,922 59,676 Ita
Article and Switzerland 72,598 74,854
Ott
1951 1950 Japan 43,746 40,482
Country of Origin China 16,802 7,594
1. COTTON AND MANUFACTURES, Value Value Ý. VE
France 13,296 30,104 TIC
(Pesos ) ( Pesos ) Sweden 9.688 8,614
total — 74,475,582
145,999,374 Belgium 7,246 21,636
United States Italy 4,916 7,164
129,200,884 60,701,108 Malaya 88 un
Japan 4,730
7,295,828 4,709,286 Other countries 7,268 27,558 Chi
Great Britain 3,389,582 1,514,118
Hongkong 3,222,576 4,756,642 11. FISH AND FISH PRODUCTS , HOI
China 982,320 943,422 Total Me
Switzerland 25,368,202 14,970,726
722,372 548,520 Eg !
France 500,166 409,372 $w
India 354,528 703,962 United States 23,089,340 14,148,420 Ind
Italy 125,690 64.830 Canada 1,071,506 256,596 Fra
Belgium 92,516 76,460 Japan 453,472 132,930 Spa
Other countries 112,902 42,856 China 248,688 136,604 Oth
Portugal 228.948 148,554 OTI
2. GRAINS AND REPARATIONS, Total 90,512,800 50,854.010 Mexico 190,576 49,806
Hongkong 61,252 13,950
Thailand 32,576,580 1,242.374 France 13,834 3,488
Canada 22,091.670 Switzerland 7,066
28,123,054 Great Britain 3,262 4,926
United States 27,792,766 25,539,734
China Other countries 258 75,452
589,674 460,206
Denmark 398,194 357,870
Germany 247,112
12. ELECTRICAL MACHINERY II
169,418 APPLIANCES , Total – 22,234,894 26,241,528
Hongkong 185,184 215,616
Argentina 165,924
Great Britain 106,980 51,832 United States 20,679,524 25,464,288
French East Indies 87,896 Japan 845,372 195,386
Other countries 239,436 725,290 Netherlands 220,866 105,332
Great Britain 103,504 52,446
3. IRON AND STEEL AND Switzerland 84,942 766
MANUFACTURES , Total 71,523,364 55,104,434 Hongkong 84,076 201,224
Germany 72,956 22,556
Japan 34,366,874 13,981,582 Belgium 57,586 662
Italy A
United States 25,345,846 29,210,462 22,332 10,616
Belgium 5,690,292 4,266,110 Canada 20.834 46,312
Other countries Countri
Germany 2,299,360 2,238,160 42,908 141,940
Great Britain 1,561,642 3,309,592 1. COF
Netherlands 475,074 116,276 13. JUTE AND OTHER FIBERS ,
France 343,788 101,088 Total -
19,443,190 Uni
11,201,810 Net)
Sweden 260,466 155,096
Hongkong 259,032 999,170 Bele
Italy 226,298 India 6,358,674 Ital
United States 3,533,332
Denmark 224,568 6,736 4,840,814 2,141,020 Gua
Other countries 465,124 720,152 Italy 3,188,234 3,447.546 Col
Spain 1,366,020 101,758 Can
4. MINERAL OILS ( PETROLEUM Japan 1,363.046 1,735,638 Den
PRODUCTS ), Total – 71,500,332 69,017,974 Pakistan 742,736 Swe
Belgium 455,108 144,700 Ven
France 281,326 Oth
Indonesia 33,512,374 31,430,928 Canada 224,786
United States 15,234,294 8,565,964 45,460
Switzerland 159,336 2. SÚC
Arabia 14,139,370 8,548,534 Other countries
British East Indies 7,789,164 18,533,384 463,110 52,356
Iran 590,246 1,841,760 14. TOBACCO AND MANUFACTURES ,
Malaya 155,634 Total 17,246,216 23,135,572 Uni
Hongkong 49,474 18,620 Jaf
Italy 28.192
Fre
Great Britain 1,584 United States 17,213,702 23,134,482 Ara
Other countries 78,784 Turkey 16.948
Greece 9.214 3. AP
5 AUTOMOBILES , PARTS OF & TIRES, Hawaii 3,682
total 57,843,960 33,430,966 Hongkong 2,232 946
Great Britain 398 84 Ur
United States 57,271,582 33,232,562

-
Japan 16 Gr
Japan 252,350 324 Malaya 14 2 Ja
Great Britain 193,334 136,666 Canada 10 12 Fr
Hongkong 50,300 11,852 Other Countries 46 GI
France 34,244 10,784 NC
Gerniany 12,242 38 15. FERTILIZERS & FERTILIZING Be
Canada 11,894 6,258 MATERIALS , Total -
16,080,050 13,747,758 Bri
Spain 11,000 2,980 Dei
Italy 5,200
Guam 1,814 118
United States 12,757,542 11,955,858
Car
-

Canada 1,9?4,416 Ott

Other countries 27,384 1,626,638
Japan 757,650
6 DAIRY PRODUCTS , Total 49,665,724 36.839,720
Netherlands 455.000 = 4. COI
China 87,388 3.262
France 86,754 53,830
United States 38,051,884 34,446,042 Other countries Uni
Netherlands 7,259,752 408,972 108,170 Net
Great Britain 1,570,880 5,486 16 NON -FERROUS METALS, Swi
Australia 1,059,342 1,025,434 Total - Brit
Switzerland 828,722 732,700 15,376,162 14,486,918
Denmark
Belg
319,912 41,118 Geri
Canada 259,052 50,108 United States 11,51,922
97.002 Japan 12,079,932 Italy
Japan 1,496,232 842,668 Indi
China 84,288 2,976 Malaya 903,106 190.976 Chir
Hongkong 82,984 18 Germany 309.802 452,192 Veni
Other countries 51,906 126,866 Switzerland 157,270 136,052 Oth :
Hongkong 157,096 133,354
7 PAPER AND MANUFACTURES, Great Britain 148,326
Total — 217,528 3. LOG
49,187,550 35,553,746 Sweden 120,010 108,328 TIM
Belgium 96.864 15,266
United States 44,448,044 32,074,100 Australia 62,388 56.388
Canada 1,464,488 517,698 Other countries 343.146
Japa
948,052 254,234 Unit
Japan 425,792
Sweden 226,742 Briti
366,890 17.COCOA , COFFEE & TEA, Grea
Germany 329,218 60,960 Total -
14,131,928 6,908,954 Chin
Hawaii 298,494 378,378
Great Britain 258,032 106,050 Haw
Brazil 8,234.602
Spain 234,510 270,286 1,350,676 Cana
United States 2.997,776
Hongkong 196,884 512,132 2,765.584 Hong
Ceylon 1,849,152 798,394
Austria 142,712 117,376 Great Britain 650.034
Guar
Other countries 500,226 864,232 China
497,948 Irelai
445,198 40,218 Othe
Costa Rica 252,244 331,324
8. CHEMICALS , DRUGS, DYES , AND Hongkong 243,770
MEDICINES, Total 45,946,968 33,327,604 14,266 DESI
Indonesia 110,412
Mexico
532,788 Total
United States 41,887,616 89.352 30,156
31,093,386 Japan 34,156
Switzerland 1,020,710 781,270 Other countries 23,272
Unite
Japan 927,144 62,220 47,600 Cana
Great Britain 489.446 325,198 Belgi
France 485,364 200,218 Article and Hawa
1951 1950
Netherlands 229,218 72,220 Country of Origin Value Germ
Germany 209,734 134,696 Value
18. LEATHER AND MANUFACTURES , ( Pesos ) Japar
Canada 204,616 11,802 Total ( Pesos ) Guan
Sweden 143,412 90,318 13,209,594 11,691,362
66,878 213,874 Hong
Hongkong Swita
Other countries 283,830 342,402 United States 11,908,250
India 10,048,684 Italy
543,892 102,345
9. MACHINERY & PARTS , EXCEPT Australia 533.822 1,390,224
AGRICULTURAL AND ELECTRICAL, Hongkong 1. BASI
80.448 63,822 CONO
Total 45,733,184 34,461,592 China 54,580 28,212
Great Britain Total
24,610 20,268 Japes
United States 35,334,340 25,484,536 Canada 23,220 24,530
Japan 4,623,380 1,606,654 Argentina 17,558 Unite
Great Britain 1,517,778 2,009,176 Japan 9,726 Spait
Italy 1,387,812 2,581,578 British Guiana 11,346 Cana
5.162
Germany 1,073,446 669,376 Other countries 8,226 1,930 Italy
 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 163
8. EMBROIDERIES , Cotton
19. VEHICLES , OTHER THAN AUTO & Silk , Total 18,468,864 11,276,352
MOBILES , AND PARTS OF ,
Total 10,764,792 12,263,880
United States 18,454,933 11,239,891
United States 9,852,122 Japan 7,110 33,502
8,835,816 Guam 3,848 2,750
Belgium 642,726 123,772
Japan 479,740 2,065,782 Hawaii 2,973 209
Germany 418,256 163,678
Great Britain 203,908 28,020 9. PINEAPPLE , canned ,
Netherlands 81,202 4,210 Total kilo 50,767,886 15,382,500 66,506,033 19,362,762
Hongkong 78.790 14,912
Luxemburg 14,058 United States 50,704,505 15,342,908 66,505,908 19,362,675
Canada 3,446 Hongkong 63,381 39,592
Italy 2,400 1.386 France 100 72
Other countries 4,450 9,998 Spain 25 15

20. VEGETABLES AND PREPARA 10. COPRA MEAL OR

TIONS 68,072,631
CAKE , Total Kilo 7,099,722 59,944,881 6,219,572
Total 10.396,096 7.220,314
United States 57,230,640 5,979,470 46,146,453 4,619,143
United States 6,973,532 4,825,902 Denmark
China 1,053.886 8,952,200 922,512 11,883,429 1,405,293
1,718,558 Hawaii 1,483,391 160,140 1,554,399 160,936
Japan 1,295,890 410.836
Hongkong 186.684 111,104 Belgium 406,400 37,600 355.600 34,200
Mexico 115,986 53.402
Egypt 92,466 715,884 11. ROPE , Total Kilo . 5,632,410 6,513,369 4,034,551 4,000,424
Switzerland 5,608 832
United States 2,344,618 2,881,343 2,012,469 2,129,304
Indonesia 4,502
France 3,400 Indonesia 722,51 944,100 225,733 244,333
Spain 30 Malaya 647,724 634,613 41,580 40,446
Other countries 40 48,468 Hongkong 379,545 399,054 450,422 359,445
OTHER IMPORTS 138,696,094 115,371,320 French East Indies 322,283 371,453 285,356 265,033
Chile 312,481 328,061 45,948 44,072
Thailand 219,614 221.744 158.319 144,395
Peru 146,299 170,979 200,315 203,083
Puerto Rico 159,208 143,938 230,921 172,669
Hawaii 59,363 73,874 16,939 21,849
Other countries 318,765 344,210 366,549 375,795

12. TOBACCO AND

Manufacturers, Total 6,035,252 3,473,266

Spain 4,064,095 2,119,660

French East Indies 520,632 3 2,214
United States 369,124 328,390
French Africa 368,379
TWENTY ( 20 ) PRINCIPAL EXPORTS Hongkong 222,384 188,604
1951 Compared with 1950 Belgium 221,820 288,596
Article and 1 9 5 1 1 950 Morroco 98,386
Hawaii 71,683 49,200
Country of Destination Japan 32.8120 1,245
Quantity Value (Pesos) Quantity Value (Pesos) Australia 23,400 67,138
1. COPRA , Total 772,102,782 308,138,427 698,490,405 272,832,414
Other countries 43,229 48,219
United States 382,135.621 151,434,074 439,090.628 170,435,552
Netherlands 91,633,730 35,104,887 30,789,360 12.490,176 13. GOLD & CONCENTRATES ,
Belgium 67,322,518 26,702,443 35,132.807 13,706,045 Total 5,807,915 3,943,528
Italy 32,108,965 12,892,332 24,016.226 9,215,997
Guam 19,824,000 10,170,942 United States 3,176,588 3,886,672
Colombia 24,566,671 9,481,906 18,070,460 7.032.722 Great Britain 2,091,327 56,856
Canada 22,790,836 9,305,471 21,666.229 8,294,644
Denmark 21.945.609 8,634,450 14. MOLASSES , Total 126,030,970 5,695,092 58,534,815 1,074,554
Sweden 17,627,600 7,153,144 8,128.000 3,505,897
Venezuela 15,240,000 6,770,700 22,811,028 8.747.538 Japan 47,735,680 2,790,235 35,358,252 687,264
Other countries 76,887,232 30,537,578 98.785.605 39,403,793 Great Britain 48,945.750 1,327,150
Hongkong 15,196,024 680,216 8,255,920 153,170
2. SUGAR , Centrifugal , Thailand 10,789,616 811,740 14,920,563 234,070
Total Kilo 615,543,898 136,923.008 438,850,060 97,679.891 United States 135,751
3,363,900
France 80 50

United States 608,323,680 135,234,824 438,849,925 97,679,823 15. SCRAP METALS , Total , 54,157,489 4,231,521 29,766,478 3,304,532
Japan 5,029,753 1,296,073 135 68
French East Indies 1,999,965 347,111 United States 40,540,089 3,357,810 21,809,153 2,407.963
Arabia 190,500 45,000 51.850
Japan 13,617,400 873,711 81,280
India 992,665 668,709
3. ABACA , Unmanufactured , Hongkong 6,415.880 128,010
Total Bale 991.381 134,298,800 753.016 80,265,488 Malta , Gozo , Cyprus 190,000 38.000
China 37,500 7,000
United States 496,088 72,172,658 377.229 44,602,562 Israel
87.626 240,000 3,000
Great Britain 159,092 20,589,001 8.260.495
Japan 124.855 15,862,112 119,192 12,179,384
France 16. CHEMICALS , Total 3,954,173 1.244,458
45,659 5.084,779 26.680 2,167,548
Germany 28,274 20,866 1,996.805 i
3,496,050 United States 1,188,034
Norway 19,618 2,805,963 14,200 560,256 3,714,199
Belgium 21,918 2,651,473 13,317 Malaya 150,471
1,243,663 Thailand 54,603
British Africa 16,970 1,982,053 7.450 628,115 86,524
Denmark 15,497 1,828,081 14,624 1,290,140 Hongkong 2,919 1,266
China 60
Canada 13.013 1,802,586 6,918 714,793
Other countries Japan 555
50,397 6,024,044 64,914 5,621,721
4. COCONUT OIL ,
17. SHELLS & MANUFACTURES ,
-

Total 2,204,101 1,866,779

Total Kilo 76,893,679 49,532,960 71,436,627 43,476,033
United
United States 2,102,381 1.824.527
States 44,324.956 28,151,561 65,817,039 40,025,836
Netherlands 7,142,477 4,732.935 Japan 88,557 23,580
Switzerland 6,787,400 4,485,010 1.290.320 368,362 Spain 12,964 9,746
Mexico 147
British Africa 4,690,639 3.388,286 2,717,974 1,651.444 France 50
Belgium 3,251,095 2,137,868 Hawaii 2 60
Germany 2,870,148 1,866,254
Italy 3,183,877 1,760,254 Italy 5,625
India Canada 3,241
2,628,403 1,552,395
China 812,257 603,497 5,102 4,613
Venezuela 503,200 425,407 847.615 562,622 18. MAGUEY, UNMANUFACTURED ,
Other countries 689 227 429.513 758,577 Total Bale 18,137 1,617,632 9,190 509,221
363,156
5. LOGS, LUMBER and United States 8,266 747,368 42 1,904
TIMBER , Total Bd . Ft. 265,030,196 34,860,547 137,251,662 19,638,110 Japan 2,118 201,839
Belguim 2,227 191,979 4,040 220,043
Japan 165,512,941 18.427.965 55,467,762 7,618,409 France 1,050 95,947 150 9,649
United States 72,889,358 12,442,705 61,556,714 9,524.999 Germany 1,000 85,917 1,666 88,528
British Africa 7,440,502 1,301,619 1,764,149 344,311 Sweden 850 65,428 100 6,344
Great Britain 3,656,095 592,454 90,316 25,019 Netherlands 700 64,220 300 17,975
China 7,538,066 535,849 9,142,937 797,592 Hongkong 625 52,759 750 41,080
Hawaii 1,990.143 529,894 990,745 263.560 Finland 500 40,449
Canada 1,514,622 302,304 1,492,110 215,127 Italy 295 28,493 392 23,714
Hongkong 2,479,887 271,564 3,717,106 362,581 Other Countries 506 44,133 1,750 99,984
Guam 936,701 177,215 479,387 84,694
Ireland 482,791 113,668 326,412 80,376 19. RUBBER & MANUFACTURES ,
321,442 Total
Other countries 589,090 165,310 2,224,024 1,445,882 1,183,763
6. DESICCATED COCONUT United States 1,436.173 1,178,973
Total Kilo 44,279,567 28,678,760 47,935,667 Guam
72,968,462 6,500 2,373
Other U. S. Insular
United States 43,542,730 28,192,951 69,992,604 45,911,273 Possessions 3,209
Canada 499,714 337.885 1,956,227 1,377,008 Hongkong 2,417
Belgium 194,631 118,013 716,528 513,140
Hawaii 26,865 17,181 22,676 15,610 20. ABACA , other than rope
Germany 11,927 9,327 & unmanufactured , Total -
1,340,775 1,167,456
Japan 3,145 2,902
Guam 555 501 United States 1,267,437 1,073,615
Hongkong 115,439 76,485 Hawaii 46,386 54,529
111

111

Switzerland 43,199 26,459 Japan 16,480 7,820

Italy 22,789 15,692 Switzerland 9,757 2,682
Australia 288
7. BASE METALS and Guam 252
CONCENTRATES , Puerto Rico 175 19,693
Total - Kilo .1,303,807,584 25,938,899 857,399,541 18,002.819 British Africa 3,147
Japan 369,107,301 16,570,715 585,950,690 8,300,281 Hongkong 2,518
United States 334,192,283 9,338,184 261,254,851 9,443,378 Peru 1,615
Spain 508,000 30,000 Other countries
Canada
1,837
9,982,400 252,000 OTHER EXPORTS
Italy 211.600 7,160 ( including re - exports 33,265,858 26,947,675
1
 164 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 1952
FOREIGN TRADE OF THE PHILIPPINES, BY COUNTRY: 1951 ...
( Vatue in Pesos ) Percentage Domestic .".
Country Exports distribution Erports Re -Exports
Total Trade % Distrib. Imports % Distrib . Total 831,484,057 100.00 826,057.213
1,790,516,633 100.00 959,032,606 100.00 5,476,844
Total United States 522,390,298 63.24 520,386,728 137,762
United States .1,194,593,576 66.72 672,203,280 70.09 Japan 61,538,522 7.40 61,400,760 137,762
Japan 125,141,598 6.99 63,603,076 6.63 Netherlands 41,584,208 5.00 41,566,162 18,046
Canada 11,78071 1.42 11,785,235
Netherlands 50,869,274 2.84 9,285,066 .97 3,836
Canada 45,734,053 2.55 3.54 Belgium 32,172,752 3.87 32,171,372 1,380
33,944,982
Great Britain 25,259,278 3.04 25,256,120 3,158
Belgium 40,783,580 2.28 8,610,828 .90
Indonesia 3,006,892 .36 1,035,089
Great Britain 37,988,128 2.12 12,728,850 1.33 1,971,803
2.07 33,972,300 3.54 Thailand 806,259 .10 775,790 30,469
Indonesia 36,979,192 Italy 15,493,773 1.86 15,493,773
Thailand 33,405,937 1.87 32,599,678 3.40 Germany 8,778,794
8,778,794 1.06
Italy 20,877,131 1.17 5,383,358 .56
Arabia 74,287 .01 74.287
Germany 15,418,384 .86 6,639,590 .69 Switzerland 9,829,192 1.18 9,824 , 192 5,000
Arabia 14,222,113 .79 14,147,826 1.48 France 10,553,709 1.27 10,548,909
13,783,922 .77 3,954,730 .41 4,800
Switzerland Denmark 11,502,187 1.38 11,500,033 2,154
France 12,852,393 .72 2,298,684 .24 Guam 11,266,639 1.36 10,865,132 401,507
Denmark 12,580,083 .70 1,077,896 .11 Hongkong 3,515,280 .42 3,243,439 271,841
Guam 11,282,015 .63 15,376 Sweden 7,826,292 .94 7,826,292
Hongkong 11,082,370 .62 7,567,090 .79 India 2,344,553 28 2,319,478
.58
25,085
Sweden 10,395,076 2,568 784 .27 Colombia 9,521,809 1.14 9,521,809
India .56 7,619,234 .79 China 1,259,847 .15 1,185,146
9,963,797 74,701
Colombia 9,523,569 .53 1,760 Brazil
.50 7,761,630 .81 British East Indies 45.340 .01
China 9,021,477 45,340
8,418,654 .47 Norway 7,313,995 .88 7,312,370 1,625
Brazil 8,418,654 Venezuela 7,233,172 .87 7,230,364 2,808
British East Indies 7,938 , 106 44 7,892,766 .82 British Africa .82
Norway 7,679,395 6,860,166 6,856,166 4,000
.43 365,400 .04 Spain 4,451.670 .54
Venezuela 7,234,922 4,431,840 19,830

ca
.40 1,750 Israel 5,434,451 .65 5,434,041
British Africa 6,896,188 20
.38 36,022 Argentina 48.847 .01 41,897
Spain 6,685,032 6,950
.37 2,233,362 .23 Australia 475,991 .06 312,437 163,554
Israel 5,434,085 .30 24 Malaya 834,359 .10 806,582
Argentina 3,477,893 27,777
.19 3,429,046 .36 Ceylon
Australia 2,797,233 .16 Hawaii .17
2,321,242 .24 1,383,379 1,365,414 17,965
Malaya 2,435,027 .14 1,600,658 .17 French East Indies 1,247,748 .15 1,239,196 8,552
Ceylon 1,849,998 .10 1,849,998 .19
Lebanon 783,538 .09 776,900 6,638
Hawaii 1,815,449 .10 Pakistan
French East Indies 432,070 .04
Mexico
1,335,906 .07 88,158 .01 25,143 25,143
Lebanon 783,538 .04 Uruguay
Pakistan 742,778 .04 .08
French Africa 689,929 689,929
Mexico 742,778 Chile .08
733,041 04 707,898 .07 684,061 684,061
Uruguay 698,576 .04
Iran 1
French Africa 689,935
698,576 .07
Peru 538,278
.04 6 .06 538,278
New Zealand 469,744
Chile 684,249 .04 188 469,744
Iran Ireland 488,923
590,716 .03 488,923
538,278 590,716 .03 British West Indies 405.040 .05
Peru .03 Portugal
405,040
New Zealand 513,620 69,511 1 69,511
.03 43,876 Morocco
Ireland 489,197 .03
367,606 .04 367,606
274 Costa Rica 450
British West Indies 405,366 .02 450
320 Korea 292,310 .04
Portugal 383,579 .02
292,310
314,068 .03 Porto Rico 246,134 1 .03 246,134
Morocco 367,206 .02
Costa Rica 336,694 .02 Luxemburg
Korea 336,244 .04
292,564 .02 254 Poland
Porto Rico 246,134 .01 Austria
Luxemburg 214,586 .01
Czechoslovakia

|||||
Poland 201,536 214,586 .02
Portuguese Africa 171,415
.01 201,536 .02 6,015 165,400
Austria 178,512 .01 178,512 .02 149,108
Panama, Republic of

1.1
.02
Czechoslovakia 171,836 .01 171,836
149,108
371
171,415
.02 Egypt 606 235
Portuguese Africa .01
Panama, Canal Zone 62.093 62,093

||.*
Panama, Republic of 149,178 .01 70
Egypt 93,252 .01
Turkey 11,180 11,180
92,646 .01 Finland 40,449
Panama, Canal Zone 62,093 40,449
Turkey 45,616 34,436 Dutch West Indies 36,942 36,942
Finland 40,4491
Cuba 5.692 5,692
Dutch West Indies 36,942 25,120 25,120
Cuba 27,074 Syria
Syria 25,360
21,382 Ecuador 17,001 17,001
240 Dominican Republic 14,973 14,973
Ecuador 17,039 38
Dominican Republic 14,973 Dutch Guiana 12,993 12,993
Dutch Guiana 12,993 Cyprus Is . , Malta & Gozo
Cyprus Is ., Malta & Greece
Gozo 11.946
Greece 11,946 Other U.S. Insular Poss. 8.941 7,901 1,040
9,214 9,214 Portuguese China 8,740 8,740
Other U.S. Insular
Poss . 8,941 El Salvador 7,775 02 7,775
Portuguese China 8,772 32 British Guiana
El Salvador 8,327
Guiana
552 Nicaragua 4,388 4,388
British 5,162
III
Nicaragua 5,162 British Oceania 1,890 1,890
4,388 Jugoslavia
British Oceania 2,166 276 Honduras 1,081 1,081
Jugoslavia 1,334 1,334 Burma 625
Honduras 1,081 625
—

Burma Italian Africa

665 40
Italian Africa 402 402

FOREIGN TRADE OF THE PHILIPPINES , BY NATIONALITY OF TRADER :

FOREIGN TRADE THE PHILIPPINES , BY PORTS ,
OF January to December, 1951
DURING CALENDAR YEAR
1951 COMPARED WITH 1950— ( Value in Pesos ) Nationality Total Trade Imports Total Export Dom . Erport Re -esport
Total 1,790,516,633 959,032,606 831,484,057 826,057,213 5,426,844
Total Trade Imports
Port American 638,999,657 275,136,652 363,863,005 361,748,060 2,114.945
1 9 5 1 1 950 1 9 5 1 1950 Filipino 527,769,218 353,528,164 174,231,054 173,044,580 1,196,474
Total 1,790,516,663 1,377,763,798 959,032,606 712,359,034
Manila Chinese 392,965,506 256,635,242 136,330,264 134,334,103 1,996,161
1,140,775,123 810,622,600 865,523,810 618,926,382 British 102,925,062 46,642,336 56,282,726 56,245,821 36,905
Cebu 240,245,722 248,541,217 59,984,440 60,704,524 5,910,150 67,899,248 67,876,648 22,600
Sparish 73,809,398
Iloilo 152,916,142 113,591,330 21,105,906 25,276,378 Danish 33,069,377 1,938.042 31,131,335 31,114,811 16,524
Tabaco 71,659,622 37,410,620 803,052 11,376 Swiss 12,591,905 12,350,150 241,755 236,598 5,157
Davao 54,086,043 52,675,018 1,620,248 1,526,586 Indian 4,846,602 4,576,228 270,374 270,374
Cagayan de Oro 50,861,219 11,783,906 3,764,380 1,651,052 German 911,008 12,296 898,712 898,712
Zamboanga 36,380,203 27,864,453 819,382 877,966 Swedish 869,362 869,362
San Fernando 32,112,751 18,667,334 5,380,718 3,281,520 Syrian 842,408 555,886 286,522 286,522
Jolo 6,599,116 6,765,615 30,670 50,904 Argentinian 174.084 174,084
Tacloban 36,050,712 Panaman 129,548 129,548
3,925,513 52,222
Jose Panganiban 955,409 13,790,993 124 Czechoslova
vakian 431444 43,444
Dutch 33,848 35,098 3,750 3.750
Erports Domestic Exports Turkish 30,852 30,852
1951 1950 1 9 5 1 1950 Austrian 25,576 25.576
Indo - Chinese 23.038 23,308
|||

Total 831,484,057 665,404, 764 826,057,213 656,816,870

lla

Belgia 22.994 22.994

Manila 275,251,313 191,696,218 271,848,083 184,341,392 French 22.176 22,176
12

Cebu 180,261,282 187,836,693 178,318,403 186,799,578 That ( Siamese ) 22,074 166 21,908 21.908
Iloilo 131,810,236 88,314,952 131,808,444 88,305,881 Jewish 21,568 20,554 1,004 984 20
Tabaco 70,856,570 37,399,244 70,851,470 37,399,244 Hungarian 20.876 20,876 !
Davao 52,465,795 51,148,432 52,437,527 51,148,432 Indonesian 11,830 1.230 10,600 10,600
Cagayan de Oro 47,096,839 10,132,854 47,096,839 10,132,854 Polish 11,044 11,044
Zamboanga 35,560,821 26,986,487 35,560,821 26,994,722 British
San Fernando 26,732,033 15,385,814 26,732,033 15,203,997 Malayan 9,360 9,360
Jolo 6,568,446 6,714,711 6,568,446 6.711,411 Finnish 7,454 7,454
Tacloban 3,925,313 35,998,490 3,879,738 35,998,490 Norwegian 4,594 4,594
Jose Panganban 955,409 13,790,869 955,409 13,790,869 Italian 3,808 3.803
1 Armenian 3,460 3,460
Re - Exports Irish ( Free ) 2,484 2,484
1951 1950 Ecuadorian 2.304 2,304
Cuban 2.006 2.006
Total 5.425 844 8,587,894 Persian 1,914 1,914
Manila 3,400,230 7,354,826 Australian 1,406 1,406
Cebu 1,949 079 1,037,115 Greek 1,258 1.258
Iloilo 1,792 9,071 Burmese 402 402
Tabaco 5.100 Egyptian 390 390
Davao 28,268 Portuguese 114 114
11-1

Cagayan de Oro Colombian 68 68

Zamboanga 1,765 Korean 60 60
San Fernando 181,817 Peruvian 28 28
Jolo 3,300 Uruguayan 26 26
Tacloban 45,575 Other nation
Jose Panganiban ality 277,802 276,002 1,800 1,800
 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 165
1951 - 1952

3
D. PRICES

YEARL " AVERAGE PPI CES OF SIX AJOP COMODITIES FROM 1920-1951 in MANILA

COST OF LIVING AND FOOD COSTS INDICES IN MANILA

Sawn kative TKC INDCRCS INICH ARE ORICKTED ARC FOR
opra Hemp Lear ACC LANCAS FANILICS
Export Rege cada Grades 1 '& JI Tobacco 2 Lurber z Rice
11 AVERAGE Bocutor 191 )
Surer ( Per kuintal ) ( 1000 bd.ft ) ( Jack ) [ OCE OF
1 Year ( Bicul ) ( 100 kilos ) ( Picul )
MONTHLY AVERAGE
900 903
35.00 39.03 1 362.13 1 14.00
1920 P 35.27 H34.75 220,00 7.56
1921 12.27 16.95 23.50 16,92
11.21 174.22 7.69 00 BO
1922 10.72 16.30 22.45
13.78 173,02 8.32
1923 16.25 19.17 21.00 FOOD COSTS
16.29 172.03 9.67 703
1924 14.45 22.10 22.34 700
18.04 147.54 9.40
1925 10.36 ) 23.12 43.91
36.50 16.58 149.38 9.16 ( x )
1925 11.12 21.52 600 603
14.21 148.51 7.15
1127 11.50 19.73 26.30
25.73 12.49 147.93 7.30
1-23 1.30 19.59
20.32 S 12.00 147,64 8.56 500 56 )
1923 8.77 16.66 6.13
000 COSTS

1-30 7.00 13.02 12.86 10.33 135.05

8.14 14.33 124.42 4.59 40
1331 7.77 7.76 400
5.69 L 21.52 87.33 4.12
102 6.72 6.44
4.67
8.95 73.81 L
10.33 7.36 5.02 5.50
4.00 L 300 COST OF LIVING uvido
COST OF LIVING 100
6.00 7.73 L 81.76
13.4 0.43 4,28
8.se 9.13 9.31 85.80 5,01
1935 7.23
14.86 11.07 87.11 6.38 200
1936 8.36 10.04 200
16.03 11.13 105,98 5.43
1937 7.53 13.03 FROO COSTS

7.31 8.64 103.50 6,33

1:39 6.70 6,01 100 100
7.88 7,82 203.81 6.35
1032 6.53 5.36
9.59 90.6 5.75 OOST YLIVY
1940 5.49 3.37 L 7,95
12.00 10.52 102.12 5.74 0 U 0
1941 4.81 L 7.88 37,0 9051
1948 19 1950 1951
1942
1943
1944 CENTRAL SANTOT TMC PILIPDINCS DEPARTMENT or PC NOIC PESCAPCN
19.50 52.09 H
1945 12,75 467.69 H 43.68
1945 1 17.69 25.08 29.05
1947 13.15 34.97 11.50 30.4.3 120.08 27.63
188 12.40 51.47 H 53.36 35.99 338.29 27.42
56.04 H 40.96 333.02 26.99
1949 13.43 31.05
1950 14.03 35,93 54.59 54.96 H 327.19 21.09
41.00 330.39 25.25
1931 12.53 28.02 05.49

Note :
S From 1929 to date , based on JI ( Davao & Non - Davao ]
* Fron 1926 to Jate , based on the averace of bacan 1st class
and 2nd class and from 1920 to 1926 , based on all kinds or rice .
z Lear tobacco and lunber , all grades or classes as stated in the
Daily Market Report .
L Lo
H High

For Manila's Wage Earners 1941-100

Cost Of Living Price Index
1949
Year & All Items Food House Rent Clothing Fuel -Light Miscella
Water neous
Month ( 100.00 ) ( 63.43 ) ( 11.96 ) ( 204 ) ( 7.73 ) ( 14.84 )
Jan. 363.8 386.8 453.9 202.0 279.0 258.9
Feb. 343.8 355.5 453.9 203.0 277.5 258.9
March 345.3 358.2 453.9 202.0 276.3 258.5
April 348.7 362.6 453.9 197.6 287.5 257.1
May 348.8 362.8 453.9 197.2 287.5 257.1
June 349.0 362.9 453.9 203.9 287.5 257.2
July 351.7 374.0 453.9 194.2 265.8 240.5
Aug. 337.5 351.2 453.9 196.3 266.6 241.2
Sept. 333.6 345.1 453.9 190.3 264.8 243.1
Oct. 332.9 343.3 453.9 199.9 264.8 245.0
Noy . 339.6 356.1 453.9 191.1 258.4 239.8
Dec. 329.6 335.9 453.9 202.9 259.5 256.2
1950
Jan. 332.3 336.8 453.9 238.0 253.1 269.3
Feb. 336.9 340.2 453.9 233.3 257.8 284.1
March 339.0 341.4 453.9 236.7 257.8 292.6
April 331.8 328.6 453.9 237.7 252.9 301.2
May 320.2 308.6 453.9 244.7 249.7 309.1
June 323.1 310.9 453.9 243.5 249.7 319.1
July 332.0 322.4 453.9 252.6 249.7 328.7
Aug. 334.4 325.9 453.9 258.7 251.1 328.4
Sept. 363.0 369.0 453.9 356.4 247.5 329.1
RETAIL COST OF FOOD IN MANILA POR VAOE EARNERS' FAMILY
Oct. 352.8 351.1 453.9 337.3 249.7 334.5
PERCENT of 1937 AVERAGE PEPCOOT OF 137 AVERAGE Nov. 354.1 353.2 453.9 322.8 249.7 335.9
1190
MONTNLY AVERAGE
1100
Dec. 352.2 350.5 453.9 325.2 249.7 334.8
1951
1000 1000
WEAT
Jan. 355.2 355.0 453.9 331.5 249.7 334.6
Feb. 358.4 359.8 453.9 342.8 249.7 334.4
March 352.4 349.3 453.9 379.4 248.8 334.3
300 800
April 361.2 362.6 453.9 398.6 247.5 334.7
ALL May 365.0 367.0 453.9 410.4 247.5 339.5
FOODSTUFFS
June 367.8 372.0 453.9 399.5 247.5 337 7
CCO 600
Ice
MEAT
July 366.3 370.1 453.9 382.0 247.5 399.0
Aug. 365.1 371.4 453.9 354.0 247.5 329.1
400 400 Sept. 363.0 369.0 453.9 356.4 247.5 329.1
Oct. 358.1 361.1 453.9 350.4 247.5 326,7
RICE
FI SN Nov. 351.1 351.1 453.9 343.8 247.5 323.3
ALL TOODS TUFTS FI SN
200 200
Dec. 349.0 348.9 453.9 335.2 247.5 319.4
1952
100 100 Jan. 350.0 350.9 453.9 330.8 247.5 318.3
0 0
Feb. 348.0 349.8 453.9 282.9 243.4 318.3
Malatestato 1947 1940 1949 1950 1951 March 344.3 345,1 453.9 273.7 243.4 315.0
do Number ar.... ted 99 % .qu . type , April 342.7 342.7 453.9 276.1 243.4 313.8
May 342.2 341.8 453.9 279.9 243.4 313.8
CENTRAL BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES O NATWONT OF ECONONIC RESEARCH June 345.4 346.3 453.9 277.1 243,4 316.3

Source : Bureau of Census & Statistics

 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 191
166
Quantum , Price and Value Indexes
MOTHLY AID TANLY A VERUG PRJ CES OF PA PAY of Philippine Domestic Exports, 1948-1951
" ORDITARIO " AT CA LA NATUAN MEVA ECIJA PER (1937-100 )
1 SACK OF 44 HILOS Val
Year & Quantum Price
Month Index Index Ind
1948 74.4 290.7 218
Year Jan. Feb. Mar. April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Average Jan. 84.0 307.4 258
Feb. 67.6 335.5 226
1925 ..P 3.56 3.59 3.98 4.21 4,20 4.43 4.29 4.44 4.41 4.24 4.08 3.99 4.11
1926 4.28 3.98 March 65.7 288.0 189
3.94 4.08 4.22 4.21 6.25 4.51 4.62 4.50 3.98 3.92 4.20
1927 3.41 3.51 3.45 3.29 3.41 3.40 3.39 3.35 3.21 3.11 3.05 3.31 3.32 April 83.4 285.3 237
1928 3.28 3,22 3.05 3.06 3.16 3.29 3.25 3.04 3.75 3.95 4.03 3.94 3.42 May 43.0 326.2 140
1929 3.93 3.74 3.67 3.75 3.73 3.99 3.91 3.96 4.22 4.13 3.65 3.03 3.81 June 65.7 325.7 213
1930 2.91 2.91 2.55 2.83 2.80 2.96 2.86 2.81 2.50 2.33 2.20 2.15 2.67 July 93.9 276.4 259
1931 2.12 1.84 1.75 1.74 1.88 1.07 .1.87 2.03 2.13 2.02 1.81 1.80 1.91 59.2 281.5 165
2.70 1.80 2113 2.39 2.83 1.80
Aug.
1932 1.71 1.55 1.60 1.61 1.60 1.62 1.60 56.8 264.4 150
1933 1.54 1.54 1.51 1.50 1.81 2.22 2.55 2.55 2.50 2.51 2.45 2.21 2.08 Sept.
Oct. 56.3 282.4 159)
1934 1.82 1.65 1.31 1.99 1.75 1.75 1.74 1.65 1.53 1.51 1.53 1.60 1.70
1.68 1.38 1.91 1.98 2.06 2,10 2.32 2.62 2.94 3.01 3.09 3.03 2.39 Nov. 63.4 276.0 175.
1985
1936 2.39 3.06 3.17 3,23 3.40 3.19 3.24 3.27 3.1.3 2.08 2,28 2.28 2.9e Dec. 75.8 250.4 189)
1937 2.25 2.20 2,29 2.37 2.33 2.36 2.53 2.70 2.71 2.53 2.05 2.87 2.49 1949 88.2 200.4 176.
1938 2.62 2.70 2.80 2.96 3.09 3.09 3,25 3.31 3.32 3.21 2.92 2.72 3.00 Jan. 74.5 209.9 156.
1939 2.69 2.89 3.00 3.08 3.18 3.16 3.05 2.99 2.99 3.04 2.92 2.48 2.93 Feb. 83.1 199.2 165 .
1940 2.61 2.70 2.613 2.70 2.67 2.62 2.64 2.70 2.65 2.62 2.62 2.58 2.65 208.9 192 .
March 92.1
1941 2.59 2.72 2,65 2.62 2.65 2.65 2.852.71 2.90 2.85 2.74 2.60 2.71
April 88.1 188.9 166 .
1945 10.00 12.00 16.00 20.00 23.00 25.00 30.00 25.00 20.00 20.00 18.00 19,90
May 81.8 211.6 173.1
1946 20.35 14.50 14.50 16.75 19.50 20.25 21.25 25.50 28.00 27.63 15.98 14.09 19.86
1947 13.56 14.42 14.58 14.00 13.95 14.45 15.88 15.07 11.90 10.22 10.16 10.80 13.25 June 118.1 165.9 195.5
1948 9.44 10.72 12.00 14.25 14.11 15.21 16.67 17.00 DOO
13.75 13.26 13.64 July 102.2 186.8 190.9
1949 13.00 13.30 13.30 13.30 13.30 13.30 13.30 33.30 13.30 13.30 12.82 10.77 13.05 Aug. 69.0 200.2 138.1
1950 9.89 9.90 9.73 9.44 9.20 9.70 9.84 9.93 10.80 11.54 11.34 9.17 10.03 76.3 212.3 162.0
12.10
Sept.
1951 9.58 9.66 10.54 12.49 12.96 , 18.02 14.00 13.36 13.70 13.04 12.34 10.00 Oct 53.4 204.1 129.4
1952 11.04 12.17 49.5 214.5 106.2
Nov.
Dec. 71.8 235.8 169.3
Note : Since 11beration prices are based on 45 kilos to a sack . 1950 108.2 224.8 243.2
Jan. 83.7 187.9 157.3
Feb. 87.5 212.0 185.5
March 93.8 206.3 193.5
April 85.6 226.6 193.9
May 99.9 211.1 210.9
June 89.8 203.9 183.1
July 93.8 209.5 196.5
Aug. 119.0 239.3 284.3
MONTHLY AND YEARLY KVERAGE PRICES OF MACAN RICE Sept. 92.1 251.1 2313
Oct. 102.4 267.8 274.2
IN MANILA , PER SACK OF 56 KILOS 257.3
Nov. 98.2 262.0
Dec. 146.3 210.3 307.7
Mar. Apr. lay June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov .. Dec. A ver a ge ;' 1951
Year Jan. Feb.
Jan. 117.0 238.9 279.5
1926 8.38 8.66 8.94 8.92 10.00 9.52 9.74 9.50 9.06 8.42 8.46 8.34 9.16 167.2 239.4 400.2
7.12 7.15 Feb.
1927 7.32 7.52 7.40 7.08 7.32 7.30 7.28 7.20 6.92 6.72 6.60
March 109.4 279.6 305.9
1928 7.06 6.94 6.60 6.62 6.82 7.08 7.00 6.58 8.00 8.40 8.56 8.38 7.36
8.58 April 131.1 267.9 351.2
1929 8.54 8.18 8.18 8.25 8.36 8.79 8.75 9.00 9.45 9.27 8.48 7.66
6.63 6,53 6.44 6.47 6.57 6:54 6.39 5.70 5.21 5.24 5.10 6.13 May 122.4 248.1 303.7
1930 6.74 243.0 268.8
1931 5.04 4.41 4.25 4.39 4.41 4.40 4.50 4.75 4.86 4.76 4.60 4.59 4.58 June 110.6
1932 4.11 3.60 3.69 3.81 3.80 3.77 3.78 3.81 4.11 4.18 5.15 5.02 4.12 July 93.0 242.7 225.7
1933 3.98 3.60 3.63 3.78 4.07 4.96 5.43 5.45 5.46 5.49 5.31 4.87 4.67 Aug. 108.5 235.4 255.6
1934 4.14 3.99 4.22 4.34 4.14 4.19 4.14 4.01 3.80 3.66 3. 62 3.78 4.00
Sept. 101.7 243.1 245.7
1935 3.80 4.61 4.47 4.49 4.56 4.65 5.17 5.71 6.34 6.71 6.99 6.43 5.01 Oct. 94.6 248.1 234.8
1936 6.26 6,24 6.45 6.30 6.66 6.53 6.67 6.70 6.70 6.43 5.64 5.32 6.33 82.1 227.7 186.9
5.52 5.78 6.11 5.43 Nov.
1937 4.89 4.90 5.01 5.25 5.18 5,24 5.55 5.81 5.85 Source of Basic Data :
6.62 6.35 6.16 6.33 Bureau of Census and Statistics .
19B 5.73 5.83 5.93 6,22 6.43 6.45 6.69 6.30 6.77
6.45 6.44 6.37 6.35
1939 5.85 6.18 6.35 6.44 6.45 6.45 6.45 6.41 6.41 Bureau of Customs .
1940 5.70 5.70 5.69 5.74 5.71 5.68 5.80 5.80 5.33 5.83 5.77 5.74 5.75 Bureau of Forestry .
1941 5.45 5.29 5.13 5.25 5.29 5.42 6.02 6.12 6.29 6.42 6.05 6.18 5.72 a January to November .
35.00 40.00 45.00 45.00 60.00 60.00 70.00 63.00 50.00 50.00 45.00 52.09 1 Adjusted for complete coverage .
1945 52.03 40.19 36.81 43.68
1946 43.46 31,25 31.45 39.95 44.99 45.00 47.40 52.35 58.23
1947 32.72 29.48 29.54 28.70 28.73 28.86 31.36 29.93 24.62 22.43 21.88 23.58 27.69
1948 21.85 22.71 24.76 28.53 28.43 30.19 32.15 29.25 28.93 27.42
1949 26.94 27.92 27.50 27.50 27.50 28.42 28.32 28.25 26.94 25.50 25.50 23.56 26.99 Production of Cigars and Cigarettes
1950 21.75 20.95 19.08 19.00 18.80 19.66 19.80 20.80 22.23 24.64 23.57 22.76 21.09 in the Philippines , 1935-1951
Year and month Cigars Cigarettes
1951 20.74 20.77 22.53 25.38 26.44 27.32 28.65 28.50 28.62 25.85 24.45 23.54 25.23 ( Thousand pieces ) ( Thousand pieces )
1935 339,540 2,970,552
Additional Data ( all kinds of rice ) . 1936 295,536 3,072,240
14.00 1923 O
P 8.32 1937 321,000 3,273,372
1920 1938 307,368 3,291,258
1921 7.56 1924 9.67
1922 7.69 1925 9.40 1939 322,800 3,379,932
1940 331,620 3,094,500
Note : 1. "he average prices from 1926 to 1928 were reconstructed from 1941 281,640 2,658,504
the prices of palay covering the said period , 1942 23,808 1,467,298
2. Mecan ( first and second class combined ) . 1943-1944
1945 13,920 a 240,929 b
1946 48,744 1,138,392
11
1947 57,012 1,778,700
1948 87,636 1,815,708
1949 95,748 2,010,480
1950 93,420 7,495,308
1951 74,151 c 8,955,828
1950
WHOLESALE MONTHLY AND YEARLY AVERAGE PRICES OF January 8,833 249,768
February 7,951 366,768
HEMP ( J - 1 ) IN MANILA , PER PICUL 358,637
March 8,799
April 9,037 550,726
Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Average May 8,501 1,205,708
June 7,594 465,881
1929 $ 22.53 19.38 20.49 19.41 19.77 21.24 21.21 22.09 20.94 19.71 18.35 18.74 20.32 July 5,829 542,191
1930 17.26 14.79 13.80 14.31 13.28 11.67 11.72 11.80 10.67 11.34 11.78 11.94 12.86 874,854
1931 10.47 9.18 9,20 9.79 8.69 8.53 8.59 7.35 6.35 6.15 7.03 6.34 8.14
August 6,732
1932 6.15 6.13 5.68 5.38 4.83 4.96 5.65 6.07 6.00 5.77 5.53 5.83 5.67 September 8,268 1,001,847
1933 5.60 5.32 4.95 4.50 5.03 5.60 7.33 6.62 6.21 6.00 . 6.34 6.15 5.80 October 7,022 702,383
1934 6.33 6.11 5.98 5.96 5.87 5.96 6.01 5.98 6.24 6.00 5.87 5.65 6.00 November 7,075 551,936
1935 6.05 5.81 5.99 6.00 6.08 6,25 7.23 7.76 12.76 15.82 14.50 15.34 9.13 December 7,735 624,609
1936 16.26 16.31 14.67 14.11 14.18 14.74 14.45 14.49 14.45 14,31 14.50 15.56 14.86 1951
1937 17.09 16.25 16.21 17.33 17.75 17.67 18.12 17.13 15.91 14.53 12,42 12.10 16.03 January 6,144 1,880,346
1938 11.52 9.03 7.46 6.80 8.00 6.58 6.72 6.50 6.50 6.34 6.57 6.67 7.31 481,591
February 8,646
1939 6.83 6.70 6.91 7.00 7.00 • 7.00 7.00 7.00 8.17 11.40 10.72 9.88 8.88 March 8,287 412,389
1940 8.56 7.00 6.49 6.19 6.13 5.60 6.40 6.50 6.61 7.28 8.61 9.27 7.05
1941 8.92 8.36 9.21 11.36 12.14 12.26 13.08 13.30 13.12 13.94 14.07 14.25 12.00 April 8,708 430,144
1945 29.50 19.50 19.50 19.50 19.50 19.50 May 8,079 599,089
1946 19.50 19.50 19.50 19.50 19.50 19.50 23.00 27.00 31.00 31.00 34.00 38.00 25.08 June 7,658 597,778
1947 46.38 44.34 40.09 37.43 33.75 32.70 38.18 40.09 42.80 45.29 46.44 50.52 41.50 July 6,977 676,078
1948 52.46 45.65 45,61 52.11 54.81 54.47 48.90 52.40 55.00 56.37 60.49 64.08 53.53 August 6,729 766,655
1949 63.75 61.40 59.16 58.47 60.29 57.16 46.40 48.69 52.17 52.29 55.55 56.73 56.04 September 7,942 771,239
1950 56.14 54.75 53.41 53.43 51.73 47.02 50.56 56.49 55.14 55.70 56.80 63.85 54.59 October 8,360 835,731
1951 69.19 66.80 74.77 75.46 70.15 65.15 65.64 68.48 53.28 58.44 55.10 52.50 65.49 November 5,631 758,466
 iiiiiiiiiiiiiii
51 . 1951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPI
NE
YEARBOO 167
K
Endere December
948. HUS' !!OITTIILY A !! TAHLY AVERAGI: PRICES OF
Sources : Bureau of the Census and Sta CENTRIFUGAL SUGAR , THPORT , IN WANITA , PLP. PICUL
tistics,
Bureau of Internal Revenue. Yearly
Year Jan. Fen . Mar. April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. nov . Dec. Average
a for eight months only . $ 35.27

--
b for nine months only . 1920
1921 12,27
c for eleven months only. 10.72

Hiiici
1922
16.25
Quantum , Price and Value Indexes of 1925
14.45
Philippine Imports. 1948-1951 a ( 1937-100 ) 1324
1925 10,36
Year and Quantum Price Value 11.02
Index Index2 Index 1926 11.60

--
Month
229.4 234.0 536.9 1927 11.D
1948

i
1:*.

193.2 235.8 455.0 1928 9,24 8.74 8.75 8.77

Jan. 1929 $ 8.92 8.79 8.81 8.74 8.51 8.17 9.05
7.99
!!!..

252.0 232.8 586.7 8.56 9.35 3.31 8.26 7.79 7.69 7.73 7.43 7.47 8.22 3.10 7.86
Feb. 1930
262.3 262.4 688.3 7.81 7.83 7.99 7.93 7.56 7.36 8.11 7.71 7.23 7.77
Mar. 1931 7.10 6.84 6.46 6.06 5.96 6.34 7.07 7.31 7.28 7.11 6.80 6.31 6.72
April 230.0 236.1 543.0 1932
6.14 6.26 6.77 7.14 7.63 7.89 8.27 8.04 8.18 7.64 7.27 7.11 7.36
276.0 204.8 565.2 1933
May 1934 7,25 7.62 7.08. 6.26 5.98 6.00 5.90 5.82 6.48
June 171.1 256.4 438.7 1935 6.22 6.16 7.11 7.76 8.11 7.69 7.44 7.34 7.44 7.39 7.32 7.05 7.28
July 140.5 239.2 336.1 1936
7.50 7.33 8.49 8.90 8.79 8.76 8.68 8.39 8.22 7.11 8.44 8.58 8.36
293.1 228.1 668.6 8.48 7.36 7.61 7.43 7.32 7.44 7.64 7.74 7.45 7.00 7.15 7.13 7.53
Aug. 1937
172.2 228.0 392.6 7.08 6,96 6.85 6.55 6.35 6.35 6.63 6.52 6.85 6.85 6.91 6.45 6.70
Sept. 1938
6.58
160.1 216.0 345.8 1939 6.32 6.36 6.52 6,75 6.74 6.62 6.69 6.65
Oct. 1940 5.12 .5.19 6.02 6.00 5,71 5.30 4.97 4.82 4.85 4.94 5.56 5.45 5.49
Nov. 304.3 233.5 710.5 5.12 4.86 4.88 4.73 4.71 5.33 4.90 4.E !
1941 4.71 4.64 4.50
Dec. 196.1 239.6 469.9
220.6 243.8 537.8 1942
1949

--
208.1 262.3 545.8 1945-46 13,25 13.35 12.86 13.15
Jan. 1947 ( x )
Feb. 223.4 259.4 579.5 1948 ( x ) 12.63 12.04 11.32 12.09 21.79 11.88 12.68 12.75 12.80 12.83 12,75 12.76 12.40
280.5 271.1 760.4 S. 14.20 13.30 13.32 13.42
Mar. 1949 ( x ) 12.79 12,74 13.15 13.24 13.55 13.60 13.44
14.05 14.12 14.03
April 192.4 239.6 461.1 1950 ( x ) 13.76 13.51 13.53 13.74 13.90 14.16 14.52 14.32
1951 13.73 13.52 13.09 13.04 14.39 15.03 14,27 13.29 13.14 13.17 13.07 12.03 13.53
May 238.6 217.7 519.3
246.8 240.7 594.2 1952 13.21 13.06
June
July 174.3 260.1 453.3
( x ) Ex -warehouse , Victoria .
Aug. 203.9 252.2 514.2
Sept. 160.7 214.4 344.5
Oot . 215.0 246.2 529.3
Nov. 182.8 257.1 470.0
Dec. 321.6 217.4 699.3
1950 169.3 185.5 314.0
Jan. 195.5 180.2 352.3
Feb. 191.1 205.2 392,1
Mar. 176.2 189.8 334.4
April 192.5 185.4 357.0
May 167.0 185.2 309.3
June 237.0 142.0 336.5
July 156.3 212.1 331.5
Aug. 160.7 180.0 289.3
Sept. 113.2 176.2 199.5
Oct. 113.9 224.7 256.0
Nov. 115.6 204.4 236.2
Dec. 187.7 175.0 324.7
1951
Jan. 157.3 215.6 339.1
Feb. 147.6 198.4 292.8
March 175.4 208.1 365.2
April 143.5 236.6 339.5
May 174.7 239.2 417.9
June 238.9 220.0 525.6
July 236.3 237.9 562.2
Aug. 210.9 258.5 545.2
Sept. 174.5 250.1 436.5 FOOD COSTS INDEXES
( 1937-100IN
) MANI LA , 1937-1951
Oct. 215.7 242.7 523.5
Nov. 208.8 242.9 492.6
Source of Basic Data : Your and Month All food Vego Fruits Mis.
Bureau of the Census and Statistics. sturrg Rice Fish Meat Poultry Eggs tables cell
Bureau of Customs . neous
a January to November.
1 Adjusted for complete coverage . 1937 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
2 Price index is the average unit value index.
1938 104.3 118.6 105.0 94,2 107.2 108.6 242.3 89.3 92.3
1939 107.4 118.6 110.4 97.5 100.9 108.9 277.9 90.9 97.5
Commercial and Travellers' Letters of 1940 112.0 114.8 138.0 100.0 103.2 110.9 320.6 84.3 95.6
Credit Issued by Other Banks, 1941 113.3 111.1 136.2 100.0 107.5 113.1 355.9 97.4 104.6
1946-1951 1942-44 OS OSS OOO

1945 944.9 519.4 963.9 1,058.9 1,134.2 1,440,5 6,826,7 1,267.2 891.6
( Thousand Pesos ) 1946 728.9 647.0 856.1 1,078,9 688.4 946.4 2,008.2 804,2 659.7
Year Commercial Travellers'
and Total Letters of Letters of 1947 470,2 469.3 458.4 590.8 451.8 480,1 1,483.6 462.6 352.3
Month Credit Credit 1948 437.1 490.9 420.9 523.9 374.3 370.6 1,146.4 431.1 288,2
1946 572,540 572,540 1949 405.3 466.8 376,2 511.7 386.1 353.6 692.8 413.0 294.8
1947 662,769 662,769 1950 387.0 892.5 335.9 481.7 365.6 410.6 807.8 422.3 338.3
1948 638,723 636,515 2,208 January 381.4 422.6 315.0 476.4 400.4 474.2 780.8 407.8 296.4
1949 541,651 539,545 2,106 February 385.3 422.6 309.9 476.4 368.9 479.9 827.4 427.4 324.3
1950 549,908 549,232 676 March 386.6 422.6 322.1 476.4 355.5 442.1 764.4 457.2 331.9
April 372,1 381.3 348.9 476.4 355.5 442.1 686.5 444.1 321.9
Jan. 28,345 28,290 55 May 349.5 349.8 316,2 476.4 355.5 374.0 670.7 388.6 330.4
Feb. 31,633 31,507 126 June 353.1 349.8 317. ? 484.0 355.5 365.7 763.7 380.6 331,2
March 47,844 47,767 77 July 365.1 354.1 355.6 503.3 355.5 376.4 800.7 405,2 318.3
April 40,122 40,087 35 August 369.1 364.2 362.7 497.2 355.5 369.6 79001 408.5 319.1
May 50,597 50,528 69 September 379.3 382.5 335.9 497.2 355.5 404.0 885.4 406.0 357.0
30 October 397.6 414.4 362.4 473.9 855.5 410.3 868.7 453.6 376.4
June 47,897 47,867 November 400.0
July 33 422.6 349.6 472.7 355.5 407.0 935.9 454.4 375.6
30,967 30,934 December 396.9 334.3 418.6 382.2
10 422.6 469,2 938.2 433.5 37556
Aug 47,411 47,401
Sept. 33,648 33,619 29
1951 409.3 437.3 360.6 465.5 412.3 429.5 9074 434.8 392.7
Oct. 65,782 65,771 11
Nov. 57,618 57,578 40 January 402.0 422.6 359.8 469.2 418.6 412.8 941.3 418.9 378.1
Dec. 68,044 67,883 161 February 407.5 417.2 380,7 469.2 418.6 456.4 958.7 405.0 389.5
1951 barch 395.6 388.4 379.9 467.3 418.6 425.3 875.3 423.0 404.1
Jan. 78,609 78,411 198 April 410.6 440.8 351.2 464.5 414.0 411.0 847.3 444.2 423.1
Feb. 79,898 79,847 51 May 415.6 442.7 360,2 464.5 425.8 441.3 878.3 442,7 427.6
March 45,092 45,009 83 June 421.6 459.0 352.9 464.5 418.6 441.5 999.0 440.8 414.2
95,900 78 July 419.1 462.6 362.4 464.5 400.9 431.8 866.7 440.2 404.8
April 95,978
466.3
May 141,570 141,421 149 August 420.6 377.9 464.5 400.9 433.5 864.1 439.3 383.1
June 106,748 106,663 85 Soptember 417,9 474.3 347.8 464.5 400.9 433.5 889.3 439.4 374.6
89 Oct ober 408.9 445.3 354.1 464.5 400.9 433.5 926.0 438.4 372.3
July 77,452 77,363 November 397.6 416,2. 352.6 464.5 400.9 426.7 927.4 439.4 372.0
Aug. 86,829 86,496 333 December 395.1 411.7 347.3 464.5 428.6 406.2 924.6 445.0 369,5
Sept. 77,355 77,238 117
Oct. 67,223 67,173 50
Nov , 75,811 75,788 26 Sourco of Basic Data : Bureau of the Congus and Statistics .
Dec. 60,277 60,257 20
Source of Basic Data : Central Bank .
 168 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 195
Classification of Publication Made
by the Bureau of Posts
During the fiscal year from July
1950 , to June 30, 1951, 64 publication
1 were admitted to the second - class
mail matter; while the permits of
were withdrawn as they stopped pul
E. MISCELLANEOUS lication . sel
Since there were.288
ond - class publications on July 1 . 195
a total of 328 was enjoying the pr
vilege at the close of the period .
this number , 199 are published
Manila and 129 in the province
They are classified according to
quency as follows :
Paid-in Capital of Newly Registered Corporations, Daily 19
2
Thrice а week
Partnerships and Cooperatives in the Philippines Twice a week 2
Classified by Nationality , 1945-1951 Weekly 49
( Thousand pesos) Bi -Weekly 27
Monthly 138
1 Authorized Subscribed Paid -in Bi -Monthly 32
Year and Nationality Number Capital Capital 2 Capital Quarterly 51
Seven times a year 1
Total 7,657 1,030,614 314,824 307,578 Six times a year
1945 a 1,063 98,993 27,667 11,586 Five times a year
Filipino 1,009 88,459 22,590 9,279 328
American 21 1,524 350 185 According to language in which they
Chinese 28 6,460 2,452 1,384 are printed, the above publications
Others 5 are classified as follows :
2,550 2,275 738
English 154
1946 · 1,679 155,839 48,779 46,731 Spanish 7
Chinese 6
Filipino 1,195 . 177,569 34,602 22,707 20
American 126 4,052 Tagalog
16,066 5,001

.
8

.
Ilocano

.
.
Chinese 279

.
.
15,129 6,810 17,082 Cebuano 8

.
.
Bicol 1
Others 79 7,075 2,366 2,890

.
.
Panayan 3
1947 1,107 138,516 47,674 47,672

.
.
English - Tagalog 74

.
Filipino 775 96,799 33,146 23,291 English - Spanish 14
English - Chinese 1
American 85 21,611 6,538 10,596 English - Ilocano 1
Chinese 211 19,726 7,878 12,700 English - Bicol 3
Others 36 380 112 English -Visayan 10
1,085 17
1948 877 English - Spanish - Tagalog
92,736 31,921 34,497 English - Spanish - Visayan 1
Filipino 579 72,099 25,097 17.022
328
American 64 9,020 3,095 2,720 The 129 publications printed in
Chinese 197 10,742 3,533 12,179 the provinces are distributed as fol

WN
Others 37 875 196 2,576 lows :
Batangas 2
1949 707 105,949 33,972 31,399 Bohol 1
Filipino 485 83,273 26,675 16,920 Bulacan 3
Cagayan 1
American 47 10,480 2,779 2,944
no

Cavite 1
Chinese 153 10,500 3,826 10,712 Cebu 14
Others 22 1,696 692 823 Cotabato 1
1950 1,031 251,475 69,932 63.103 Camarines Sur 9
Capiz 1
Filipino 740 216,417 58,423 46,241 Davao 3
American 25 3,479 1,116 741 Iloilo 15
Ilocos Norte 7
Chinese 224 26,143 8,825 13,554 Jlocos Sur 4
Others 42 5,436 1,568 2,567 Isabela 1
1951 Laguna 2
1,193 187,106 54,879 66.590 Lanao 1
Filipino 779 147,333 43,346 35,972 La Union 3
American 45 4,635 1,269 1,612 Leyte 7
Mt. Province 4
Chinese 309 25,067 7,489 26,226 Nueva Ecija
Others 60 10.071 2,775 2,780 Occ . Misamis
Occ . Negros

O OW
Source of Basic Data : Securities and Exchange Commission . nr. Misamis
1 Does not include partnerships registered in the provinces , for 1946-1949 . Or. Negros 7
Effective July 1 , 1950, all partnerships were required to register in the Pangasinan 3

N
City of Manila . Pampanga
2 Excludes partnerships. Quezon City
a Quezon Prov. 2
Excludes partnerships as no data are available during the war . Rizal
Samar 4
Surigao 1
Tarlac 3
Zamboanga 3

+99

All these publications mailed about

21,194.562 conjes , having a total weight
Number of Motor Vehicles . Registered , Drivers of 1,864,696 kilos , and the postage col
lected thereon amounted to P146,097.28.
· Licenses Issued and Collections Made , 1912-1951 Aside from these publications, there
are 176 that filed the sworn state
nients required by Act 2580, as
Yoar Cars Taucks Motorcycles Total Brivers ' Collections amended , but were not granted sec
Licensos ord - class mailing privileges and for
( Pesos ) which no statistical data is com

1912 947 180 459 piled .

1,586 2,650 18,469.00
1913 1,508 237 711 2,456 3,345 19,392.66 RAINFALL
1914 1,993 320 882 3,195 4,980 16,335.00 Cebu City- (1902-39 ; 1947-50 )
1915 2,674 383 1,050 4,107 5,673 20,305.00 Year Rainfall Rainy Days
1916 3,295 399 876 4,570 6,980 37,561.97 nches Number
1917 599 1902 58.33 145
4,524 1,209 6,292 7,554 62 , 002.19 131
1918 769 1903 56.41
5,445 1,711 7,325 8,345 84,243,74 1904 64.81 165
1919 6,892 1,310 1,038 9,240 14,554 113 , 909 : 11 1905 51.46 150
1920 9,692 2,689 1,181 13,562 15,264 117,263,24 1906 54.07 163
1921 9,481 2,747 1,113 13,341 207,275.53 1907 56.75 167
16,589 1908 74.72 191
1922 9,537 2,904 965 13,406 17,939 518,825.85 164
1909 62.33
1923 9,662 3,118 909 13,689 17,042 628,918.54 1910 88.29 183
1924 10 ,,973 3,870 833 15,676 22,612 633,214.36 1911 40.59 148
1925 13,549 5,225 815 19,589 25,127 798,438.62 1912 75.29 189
1926 758 1913 45.73
16,239 6,541 23,538 33,440 985,561,28 1914 30.72 131
1927 18,547 8,283 767 27,597 40,049 1,145,369.34 1915
1928 19,791 9,552 703 30,046 47,856 1,254,684.81 1916
1929 21,341 10,365 574 32,280 52,921 1,341,364.17 1917 77.26 186
1930 22,899 14,380 388 37,667 57,344 2,015,772.49 1918 59.20 171
1931 385 1919 57.74 153
23,373 14,131 37,889 59,097 1,895 , 165.40 1920 46.75 181
1932 25,187 15,772 626 41,585 62,218 1,852,637.40 1921 84.55 181
1933 24,865 15,327 554 40,656 61,983 2,476,917.86 1922 72.20 192
1934 24,507 15,868 534 42,909 65,310 2,515,860.94 1923 52.78 152
1935 1924 78.80 179
27,381 16 , 457 524 44,362 65,859 2,786 , 923.96 175
1936 28 , 420 518 1925 63.33
17,355 46,293 1926 65.32 188
1937 30,361 18,293 540 49,194 99,162 4,137,342.10 1927 61.44 170
1938 32,301 18,869 581 51,751 112 , 155 4,637 , 469.43 1928 62.37 176
1939 32,918 20,735 552 54,205 1929 59.19 149
1940 33,898 20,236 630 54,764 1930 44.07 140
> 1931 60.78 163
1941 34,000 21,200 800 66,000 20,000 5,300,000.00 1932 53.39 177
1942-44 1933 71,07 171
1945 3 , 824 8,996 229 13,048 39,528 1,431,552.81 1934 72.46 169
1946 ai , 783 37,376 450 59,609 148,371 8,221,666.18 1935 48.23 153
1947 27,867 47,658 535 76,060 144,739 11,959,715.48 1936 43.82 177
1937 62.03 159
1948 34.591 51,404 873 86,868 180,365 13,562,294.89 1938 80.72 181
1949 38,992 54 , 190 1,135 94,317 199,728 14,627,6
, 690.38 1939 72.00 193
.1950 45,016 53 , 944 1,563 101,683 200,561 15,930,201.48 1947 66.97 161
1951 44,000 52,000 1,500 110,000 200,000 -10,889,983.97 1948
1949
50.67
68.95
138
176
1950 71.68 190
 1951-1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 100)

TOTAL YEARLY RAINFALL AND NUMBER OF RAINY DAYS

Iloilo City Zamboanga City MONTHLY AVERAGE RAINFALL ( in Inches)
( 1902-1939, 1947-1950 ) ( 1894-96 ; 1903-39 ; 1947-50 )
Year Rain all Rainy Days Year Rainfall Rainy Days LEGEND
Inches Nuntes Inches Number INCHES MANILA ( 15 YRS )
1902 127.74 150 1894
1903 20 ILOILO (38 YRS .)
82.00 141 1865
1904 121.75 181 1895 LEGASPI (38 YRS .)
1905 70.13 149 1903 27.86 67 CEBU ( 38 YRS.)
1906 1904
1907 83.96 173 1905 35.13 71 ZAMAJANGA ( 40 YRS)
1908 77.13 1811 1933 37.18 102
1909 89.24 19 1997 32.29 92

---
1910 75.34 175 1908
1911 81.49 167 1909
1912 93.45 151 1910 54.82 124
1913 96.43 155 1911 27.37 83
1914 92.53 116 1912 33.31 79
1915 73.81 121 1913
1916 96.00 173 1914 31.71 76 15
1917 87.44 185 1915 34.20 120
1918 85.39 170 1916 60.12 148
1919 92.21 162 1917 57.71 189
1920 79.35 171 1918 42.05 161
1921 87.58 173 1919 46.80 134
1922 91.35 174 1920
1923 106.64 177 1921
1924 101.03 169 1922 42.45 138
1923 111.92 178 1923 41.33 103
1926 107.09 150 1924
1927 96.45 152 1925
1928 100.18 190 1927 51.00 135
1929 105.66 180 1927 51.00 120
1930 73.96 155 1928 63.24 120 10
1931 94.22 172 1929 42.14 125
1932 79.55 183 1930 35.77 106
1933 121.92 191 1931 33.67 105
1934 91.72 204 1932 43.54 152
1935 76).33 • 168 1933 € 0.27 156
1936 93.24 193 1934 64.29 189
1937 101.96 177 1935 30.02 114
1938 95.09 193 1936 45.84 135
1939 91.62 193 1937 34.16 139
1947 69.85 173 1938 54.46 143
1948 77.61 165 1939 15.97 144
1949 95.44 154 1947 44.63 154
1950 74.40 168 1948 38.35 135 5
1949 40.97 138
1950 10.46 145

ANNUAL RAINFUL AND NUMBER OF RAINY DAYS FOR THE

CITY OF MANILA
Rainfall No. of Rainfall No. of
Year ( inches ) Rainy Days Year ( inches ) Rainy Days
1865 76.48 1905 71.55 134
1866 80.98 134 1906 89.39 165
1867 117.28 125 1907 72.47 150
1868 76.53 109 1908 97.68 168
1869 100.35 116 1909 72.31 158

6
1870 78.85 141 1910 75.89 168 F и А M N

1871 63.94 108 1911 67.62 128

1872 77.85 137 1912 76.15 154
1873 67.47 124 1913 75.64 153
1874 47.52 101 1914 95.87 143
1875 66.41 139 1915 75.39 141
1876 78.35 154 1916 64.66 179
1877 99.41 140 1917 91.71 191
1878 58.25 141 1918 85.01 146
1879 67.99 130 1919 154.35 155
1880 94.74 142 1920 86.65 161
1881 83.55 128 1921 103.19 160
1882 90.00 144 1922 73.95 165
1883 88.49 142 1923 134.96 159
1884 74.87 142 1924 100.01 152
1885 35.69 89 1925 99.55 164
1886 63.05 145 1926 73.85 152
1887 89.28 166 1927 88.83 154
1888 71.15 130 1928 67.56 173
1889 68.21 138 1929 91.34 159 MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE (OF)
1890 82.48 140 1930 72.79 157
1891 101.72 134 1931 116.19 168
1892 50.50 145 1932 95.41 161
1893 56.75 142 1933 75.68 141 83
1894 66.08 142 1934 106.01 174
1895 82.07 144 1935 112.67 164
1896 70.29 128 1936 90.84 153
1897 51.32 145 1937 119.17 167
1898 87.67 198 1938 75.78 179
1899 110.01 171 1939 86.31 158
1900 83.69 144 1946 75.13 151 82
1901 72.90 152 1947 93.23 146
1902 67.59 149 1948 74.80 147
1903 125 1949 57.32 137
40.57
1904 84.13 167 1950 71.32 161

P.I. TOTAL YEARLY RAINFALL AND NUMBER OF RAINY DAYS 81

1902-1939 ; 1947-1950
Year Rainfall Rainy Days Rainfall Rainy Days
Inches Number Inches Numl:er
1902 143.02 196 144.07 235
1903 142.19 167 113.58 217
1904 169.38 174 150.07 215
BO

1905 165.27 141

1906 167.74 167 132.10 200
1907 125.78 150 139.16 208
1908 180.14 166 146.75 252
-
1909 178.89 191 140.91 224
1910 134.65 194 160.92 230
1911 355.84 165 92.21 184
1912 151.73 181 102.98 195
1913 237.88 185 113.64 217 79
1914 247.93 168 74.33 183
1915 155.07 182 109.13 196
1916 138.19 195 138.92 218
1917 152.46 218 169.74 248 LEGEND :
1918 192.89 186 102.65 210
78

1919 232.30 197 114.37 202

1920 201.45 177 112.04 205 MANILA (55 YRS.)
1921 177.53 200 202.40 227 ...... ILOILO (38 YRSS
1922 144.39 188 152.33 219 . - ... LEGASP (38 YRS)
1923 230.43 194 179.15 242
1924 176.74 188 130 56 223 CEBU (38 YRS )
1925 234.33 194 159.71 228
1926 138.32 171 140.55 234
• ZAMBOANGA ( 37 YRS)
77

1927 109.41 189 138.36 230

1928 122.90 203 165.84 226
1929 169.72 182 152.40 243
1930 171.10 173 145 66 238
1931 183.16 179 112.42 211
1932 141.15 173 152.77 231
1933 116.00 184 169.13 238
1934 228.13 200 166.55 250 76
1935 259.47 174 116.67 192
1936 176.80 176 137.79 244
1937 180.99 190 104.86 228
1938 102.89 200 127.95 240
1939 170.36 210 135.31 222
1947 203.82 172 138.13 217
1948 164.48 165
1949 114.80 147 110.63 209 75 M M
o

1950 175.59 192 130.80 234

 170 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 1951 - 195
MONTHLY MEAN RELATIVE HUMIDITY (% )
%
85

ANNUAL MEAN TEMPERATURE ( ° F ) AND ANNUAL MEAN RELATIVE

HUMIDITY FOR THE CITY OF MANILA
Year Mean Mean Rel . Year Mean Mean Rel .
Temperature Humidity Temperature Humidity 80
1903 80.9 74.8 1924 79.6 79 2
1904 79.0 79.5 1925 79.2 79.8
1905 79.5 79.6 1926 79.8 78. ?
1906 80.3 79.9 1927 79.9 79.5
1907 79.4 79.2 1928 80.1 79.2
1
1908 79.1 80.8 1929 79.3 790
1909 79.6 79.5 1930 79.7 78.6
1910 79.1 80.8 1931 80.7 78.7
1911 79.0 79.5 1932 79.7 78.3
1912 79.8 77.4 1933 79.9 78.4
1913 79.1 80.0 1934 79.5 79.4
1914 79.4 78.3 1935 80.0 78.0
1915 80.5 79.0 1936 80.6 76.7
1916 79.2 81.6 1937 80.4 78.2 75
1917
1918
79.3
78.6
82.2 1938 80.4 78.4 LEGEND
80.5 1939 80.2 77.9
1919 79.7 79.4
1920 79.6 80.2
1946
1947
82.9
80.8
74.0
76.7
MANILA (61 YRS )
1921
1922
79.4
79.6
79.7 1948 81.0 77.4 ..... ILOILO ( 16 YRS.)
79.8 1949 81.5 73.4
1923 78.8 80.4 1950 81.4 739 LEGASPI ( 16 YRS )
CERU ( 6 YRS.)
ZAMBOANGA ( 5 915 )

70

65
s N

o
3

PUBIBER OF EARTHQUAKIS FELT IN THE PHILI PPI NES

( 1903-1951 )
Year Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Jul . Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1903 12 5 8 8 15 13 9 24 10 12 17 8
1904 22 20 10 9 6 8 11 5 11 15 6
1905 14 8 12 11 10 8 12 10 11 16 8 12
1906 13 6 5 12 6 11 9 9 11 5 7
1907 13 7 10 14 22 17 14 16 5 5 15 7
1908 17 6 11 6 13 9 5 11 8 10 15 11
1909 21 8 9 13 12 5 12 12 14 10 5 9
1910 13 13 14 12 23 18 22 8 12 21 23 17
1911 12 14 21 12 17 25 13 27 23 19 16 18
1912 14 21 28 16 15 18 22 15 15 14 12 12
1913 9 18 25 5 15 15 12 13 ‫ܐܐ‬ 7 8 10
1914 15 17 12 10 5 11 14 12 13 10 13 14
1915 11 14 12 11 14 15 18 12 12 14 12 14
1916 13 15 12 7 8 8 15 18 20 15 7 8
1917 6 11 13 12 11 il 7 12 12 17 21 13
1918 12 17 8 12 19 11 16 14 11 13 20 14
1919 12 11 16 8 8 16 17 15 13 11 il 13
1920 19 11 12 7 15 10 13 18 12 3
1921 9 7 10 7 20 16 16 13 17 29 15 15
1922 15 12 16 13 21 15 13 14 11 14 17 ‫ܐܐ‬
1923 6 9 20 17 10 6 18 10 19 16 25 14
1924 11 12 15 14 15 8 13 14 15 13 7 12
1925 17 18 15 18 15 20 13 10 19 24 19 18
1926 23 16 11 13 13 4 13 12 7 18 10 18
1927 16 14 7 14 11 22 12 10 3 20 10
1928 11 14 11 15 7 15 6 3 5 5 7 9 TYPHOONS AND DEPRESSIONS AFFECTING THE PHILIPPINES
1929 18 12 12 18 18 9 25 11 3 12 23 15 Monch Remarkable Depressions and TOTAL
1930 10 13 11 9 10 8 10 15 17 14 9 7 Typhoons Ordinary Typhoons
1931 18 16 24 20 22 17 22 13 12 19 11 19 January 3 5 8
1932 17 17 18 19 19 16 8 37 16 15 12 20 February 0 7
1933 15 32 15 13 13 13 6 19 16 7 11 8
March 8 8
1934 12 8 5 16 14 8 14 13 12 18 14 15
April 3 18 21
May 4 26 30
1935 14 11 11 9 20 il 11 10 26 42 28 18 June 11 55
1936 13 11 18 13 4 6 18 16 11 22 16 23 66
14
July 15 126 141
1987 10 18 15 10 5 17 64 34 10 8 12
13 12
August 17 122 139
1988 13 14 13 15 24 13 20 9 12 19
September 22 118 140
1939 14 19 19 20 19 22 2 7 2 1 October 22 90 112
1940 2 7 6 3 1 --
November 17 75 92
1941 2 1 1 2 December 9 51 60
1942 1 1
1943 2 TOTAL 123 701 824
1944
1945 5 7
1946 3 2 2 6 7 4 3 9 3
1947 4 1 5 6 28 6 3 6 8 4 3
1948 69 33 8 20 10 2 32 14 3 9
1949 18 16 14 13 2 6 2 5 14 14 10 15
1. 1950 26 3 17 8 5 8 25 12 5 5 3
1951 3 3 8 4 7 9 2

Note : Data from July 1939 to December 1947 are incomplete .

Geophysical Division ;
Weather Bureau
17
951 - 1952 THE PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK 171
MARCH ANNUAL ENROLLMENTS IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS BY SCHOOL LEVEL
( 1899 to 1951 )
: : :
School Year : Elementary • Secondary : Collegiate Total
: :

1898-1900 8 6,900 B :
6,900
1900-1901 : . :
150,000 150,000
1901-1902 : 201,500 8 3 201,500
1902-1903 : 227,600 : 8 227,600
1903-1904 : 279,414 . 279,414
1904-1905 : 311,439 404 : 311,843
1905-1996 : 375,216 : 308 : 375,554
1906-1907 $ 479,054 : 924 : 479,978
1907-1909 . 485,033 : 1,643 ; 486,678
1908-1909 568,109 : 2,393 : 570,502
1909-1910 : 584,234 : 3,083 : 5A7,317
1910-1911 : 607,089 : 3,404 : 610,493
1911-1912 : 525,556 : 4,109 : 529,665
:
1912-1913 : 434,824 5,226 : 440 , 050
1913-1914 : 614,592 : 6,438 : 621,030
1914-1915 : 602,926 : 7,576 : 610,502
1915-1916 : 629,444 : 9,099 : 638,543
1916-1917 : 666,540 : 11,432 : 677,972
1917-1918 . : :
656,909 14,539 : 671,448
1919-1919 8 665,160 :
16,899 : 682,059
1919-1920 8
774,422 : 17,023 101 :
891,626
1920-1921 : 924,410 8 18,813 ; 279 : 943,502
1921-1922 i 1,053,100 24,685 : 279 :
1,079,144
1922-1923 : 1,069,14 € : 32,999 : 249 : 1 , 102,396
1923-1924 : 1,091,421 : 40,942 : 356 :
1 , 132,719
1924-1925 : 1,080,619 : 49,145 : 602 : 1,130,366
1925-1926 : 1,053,799 : 54,488 : 670 .
1,108,955
1926-1927 : 1,013,033 : 58,411 : 796 1,072,240
1927-1928 1,047,161 : 63,361 : 881 : 1,111,403
1928-1929 : 1,050,072 :
69,990 : 1,171 :
1,121,233
1929-1930 $ 1,097,978 : 75,5383 1,629 :
1,175,145
1930-1931 : 1,143,708 : 79,054 : 1,786 : 1,224,548
1931-1932 : 1,135,221 76,355 5 1,043 1,213,410
1932-1933 . 66,960 : :
1,135,658 . 1,857 1,204,375
1933-1934 : 1,121,028 S 56,255 : 1,749 : 1,179,032
1934-1935 . 1,150 , 199 : 52,689 1,597 : 1,204,485
1935-1936 : 1,181,228 8 53,485 : 2,078 :
1,236,791
1936-1937 8 1,208,788 : 58,830 : 2,570 :
1,270,189
1937-1938 1,423,918 8 68,084 : 3,038 :
1,495,040
1938-1939 : 1,666,012 . 76,758 : 3,682 :
1,746,452
1939-1940 : 1,850,213 : 90,579 ; 3,777 : 1,944,569
1940-1941 : 1,922,738 : :
: 100,987 4,232 2,027,957
1945-1946 : 2,387,513 : 112,687 : 664 : 2,500,864
1946-1947 : : 155,788 :
3,102,206 1,861 3,259,055 a
1947-1948 : 3,356,802 : 180,468 : 2,350 :
3,539,620 a
1948-1949 : 3,693,197 : 193,336 : 4,633 : 3,891,146 a
1949-1950 3,960,375 : 206,004 : 6,682 :
4,173,061 a
3
1950-1951 8
3,930,531 195,755 : 5,909 . 4,132,195 a ( b)

a April 1947 , 1948, 1949 ,1950 & 1951 Annual Enrollments .

( Øt 8ct, 1950'An . Énr . ror Cagayan , Palawan & Samar were used .

EIROLLMONT IN PHI VATE SCHOOLS

Yeer Kinder Elemen Secon Collego Special Total

tary dary Vocation
carten

1902-1903 80,323 9,264 436 90,023

1912-1913 2,585
1914-1915 3,000
1917-1918 4,879
1919-1919 5,968
1919-1920 9,126
1920-1921 10,653
1921-1922 13,490
1922-1923 16,791
1923-1924 19,406
1925-1930
1930-1931 48,273 36,968 16,685 487 102,413
1931-1932 49,447 35,696 18,390 652 104,185
1932-1933 47,588 31,531 17,720 408 97,247
1933-1934 48,312 30,044 20,586 400 95,342
1934-1935 47,084 26,706 16,514 562 90,866
1935-1936 51,611 28,839 18,014 328 99,392
1936-1937 52,369 30,017 19,364 346 102,096
1937-1938 120,052
1938-1939 64,439 51,055 30,690 146,184
1939-1940 NO DATA A VAI LABLE

1940-1941 6,449 65,083 63,589 36,013 8,500 179,918

1942-1944 3,818 23,098 26,916
1945-1946 3,169 21,703 63,750 10,695 10,395 109,712
1946-1947 5,564 62,000 135,571 44,679 247,814
1947-1948 5,352 84,878 185,547 76,260 10,955 364,049
1943-1949 7.547 114,252 220,445 107,300 21,244 470,788
1949-1950 7,496 118,804 244,608 135,574 28,367 535,349
1950-1951 6,939 151,717 269,052 176,996 18,210 622,914
1951-1952 8,152 134,209 396,895 206,637 25,863 771,756
 WIG
172

REPUBLIC
PHILIPPIITES
THE
OF
Health
of
Department
HEALTH
OF
BUREAU
Manila

)-IN 950
1DISCASES
PHILIPPINES
THE
SELECTED
FJ011
POPULATIJI
100,000
(AND
,D926
BIRTH
PER
RATE
HIORTALITY
EATH

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! !
! ! PBeriberi
!Total
! ulmonary M
!! alaria Influenza !Beriberi !Measles Broncho ! Bronchitis
! Pneunonia
Year ! (x)
BIRTH ! DEATH
(x).1y!uTruberculosis
nder ! ! .&
o!1yrver! !Pneumonia
! !
! ! 1 ! ! ! ! ! 1
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
1926 ! 32.2 ! 18.5 230.4
1! 12.7 !
195.8 50.5 41.6
! ! 23.4 ! ! !
35.4
THE

1927 ! 33.0 ! 221.6

17.3
! 98,8 153.3
! 55.6 ! ! 7.6 ! ! !
1928 ! 32.5 ! 16.8 224.3
! 9404 !
122.4 60.2 1
34.5 ! 5.0 ! ! !
1929 1 32.2 ! 17.9 230.1
113.9
1! 115.3
! 59.8 38.2
! ! 3.4 ! !
1930 ! 31,6 ! 121.4
235.2
18.6
! 111.5
! 66,7 37.5
! ! 11.3 ! ! !
1931 ! 31.7 ! 230.6
108.3
17.6
! 85.5
! 86.6 ! 32.6 ! 5.1 1 !
1932 31,5 ! 15.0 211.4
! 94.0 !68,1 61.4 ! 27.4 ! 4.0 ! !
1933 ! 31,8 ! 2
15.8
!102.0
! 11.8 61.6
! 70.7 26.9
! 1 6.8 ! ! 1
1934 30.4 1 16.3
214.0
1! 15.9 57.9
! 65.7 29.6
! ! 3.9 ! ! !
1935 1 30.7 ! 216.6
!
17.1 95.3 61.5 75.4 35.4
! 1 6.0 ! ! !
1936 ! 31.7 ! 15.6
210,
74.0
! 8 !
58.2 66.3 ! 22.9 ! 3.6 ! !
available
available
available

1937 ! 33.0 83.5

214.
16.4
! 9 1 61.3
! 62.4 24.4
! ! 8.3 ! !
1938 ! 32.3 ! 218,
16.5
! 8 83.4 5! 9.4 58.5 2! 4.2 ! 6.3 ! ! !
1939 ! 32.4 219.5
17.0
! 90.7 6! 3.3 55.9 25.8
! ! 5.5 ! ! !
1940 ! 32.5 ! 216.4
16.6
8! 6.5 55.0
! 57.8 26.3
! ! 8.1 ! ! !
None
None

None

1941 1 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
1942 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
1943 Non e1aillb
Ava ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
1944 ! 1 ! 1 ! ! ! ! ! 1 !
1945 ! 1 ! ! ! 1 ! ! ! !
1946 28.9 ! 100.6
166.8
15.1
! 9! 0.9 51.2 4.8
! ! 34.6 ! 144.6 ! 129.4 ! 52.4
PHILIPPINE YEARBOOK

1947 1 30.4 ! 164.7

9! 6.5
12.7 64.2 39.5 42.4
! ! 2.2 ! 96.9 ! 98.6 ! 43.5
1948 ! 31,5 ! 97.3
12.7
162.4
! 5! 5.1 33.5 42.6
! ! 1.3 ! 100.3 104.5 ! 40.5
1949 ! 31.3 1 142.7
11.9
! 86.8 !
45.2 .29.9 !
34.8 ! 6.2 ! 110,1 ! 102.9 ! 37.5
1950 ! 32.4 ! 11.4 138.9 ! 82.8 3! 9.2 26.8 33.6
! ! 7.1 ! 106.2 ! 103.0 ! 33.8
1 ! ! ! ! ! ! !

Not
: e
.(x)-Rates
population
1,000
per
correction
.to
subject
are
Figures
1951 - 19

*
G+ - H T
al WIE+T*I
N DE
A
 ‫ر‬
Annual Leader
in

QUALITY
and

PEPepSTs.CeOM QUANTITY
OLA
STEC
PEP

Twice as Big

QUALI
TY
and
Twice as
PEPSI COLA
PEPSICOLE 4 Good
QUANT
ITY
PEPSI-COLA BOTTLING CO. OF THE PHILIPPINES , INC.
MAIN OFFICE & PLANT : Sta. Mesa Ext. Cor. Balete Drive, Q. C. Tel. 6-87-61

Drinkk
E
SAVA 139 BOPPg3 MROBIBLLL
BEAR BRAND
ON
WHO A

LY

AL
SIZO
LM
L

Genuine natural
BERNESE

MI X
C A LA NATURA
LK
LE RK
RAD MA

SWISS MILK
NT

C
:
DE

N
S ND M
E ME
ED
RE ZWEIRSLV
I

STER A E
REGI
T

BR

STALDEN PUSWITSL K BRAND

HE

HY

eM I S

" BEAR "

Best Best
Shah

for Baby
lo

E. ZUELLIG , INC .
MANILA
Distributors
for은 you
CBU DAVAO
 SANTA MESA HEIGH
Choice suburban lots for
mansion or humble dwelling ;
conveniently located and
readily accessible . It's the
average family man's best
investment in beter living

TIT s
s t r i d e a h e a d ...ent aterials nd rvices uch eded
Equipmy , m g a se m ne to keep ipeadce wit :
the rapi d l changin economy of the country are todaeynt uppl y A
u t e l y a r e e m a n d A a n a g e m s akesb seG f
Ac a w f
o t h d e , G m m u o
r i ty
vi
every service to help create greate product , build better im
ous pment nd expan
That is whys, after years of continduable develoe

GA
a e
siporno, veGmAentSst,anadnd itnocdraeyaseasproafitdse. pen sourc of valuabl in
t rd ine rogress
vestmen ..... as a vangua in Philipp p .

M
E
S
TIMES THEATE
There's nothing to
BEND OF
ERMENT THE RIVER match film entertain
IUA VICTORY
NAAST
ment in a movie house
101

like Times Theater

A.Life it I will
with comfort plus
quality pictures
AGRICULTURAL
DIVISION
A reliable source for a com
plete line of dependable agri
cultural machines for a more
productive economy, backed WAAVESTOR
by a record of service to the
Filipino farmer.

FRIGIDAIRE
DIVISION
As one of the leaders of
the refrigeration industry,
Frigidaire offers the essential 0
1.

home appliances, synony

2

mous with a better way of

life .

GREGORIO ARANETA, INC.

 கால்களிப்புக்கலைப்புக்
கட்டிகள்thaan மக்கள்
பட்டப்பட்டபோகக்கடைக்கக்
கலக்கலைப்
காக்கக்கக்க பக்கப்
டிகக்கல்களையாகக்
பாடினால்
கோலிக்காக
கண்காக்க்
கட்டப்பட்ட
மேக்கபட்ட
சேர்க்கால்களைக்
கோர்க்கக்கலக்கக்கோலைக்வைக்க்தியைக்
hotel
கக்கலக்கம்லக்கhைeக
காக்கட்டிக்காக
காக்கக்கக்க
மக்கதைகாககைக்கக்
கோடியக்காலைக்கான கார்களைக்
கைக்கடிக்காட்கர்கள்
கங்களிக்ககைக்கக்க
வாங்கக்கைக்காக
கங்கைக்
கத்தியாக்க
hthaittatai
கககககககக்கைக்காமைக்கல்
காக்ககககககங்கா:
கல்லைக்
கக்ககக்காரிக்கைகளைக்கங்க்கைக்
கானம்
 ******
119
.***

. …
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS - URBANA

3 0112 032735323