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High gain 60 GHz stacked microstrip patch array antenna

Conference Paper · April 2013

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 High Gain Planar Array Antennas at 60 GHz
Anders Derneryd1, Lars Manholm1 and Syed Kashan Ali1,2

1 2
Ericsson AB, Ericsson Research Chalmers University of Technology
417 56 Göteborg, Sweden 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden

License-exempt operations in the 60 GHz range are expected to cover applications for wireless
digital video, audio, and control applications, as well as multiple gigabit wireless local area
networks (WLAN). Recent technological advances in high frequency and wide band radios may
enable low cost and mass-market implementations that use the propagation characteristics of the
band along with directional antennas to enable a high level of spectrum reuse. The band 57 - 64
GHz is allocated to fixed service on a world-wide primary basis [1].
A fixed local area network (LAN) extension radio communication link can be established
between two points in line-of-sight scenarios. Range and performance will vary depending on
environment, but full performance is typically expected at ranges of 10-800 m [2]. Applications
are LAN-extension and wireless mobile backhaul in cases where fiber or copper cables are not
suitable. Potential deployment scenarios include wireless connections between buildings and base
stations.
A research work has been performed to design a low cost and low profile antenna in the 60
GHz frequency band with 30 dBi gain and a compact size (70 mm by 70 mm). A 16 by 16
stacked patch array antenna with a corporate feed was selected to achieve low side-lobes in the
azimuth plane fulfilling the ETSI Class 3A specification [3]. The element spacing was chosen to
0.9 wavelengths in order to maximize the directivity without introducing grating lobes in visible
space. A uniform excitation was chosen in order to simplify the network design using only 3-dB
power dividers. By mounting the square antenna array rotated 45 degrees, the side-lobe level in
the azimuth plane was reduced in order to comply with the requirements.
The selected dielectric laminate was DiClad 880 with a dielectric constant of 2.17 and a loss
tangent of 0.0009. The lower copper-backing dielectric laminate, containing the active patches
and the 100 ohm feed network, had a thickness of 0.254 mm while the upper dielectric layer was
1.524 mm thick and carried only the parasitic patches at the front side.
A realization issue is the tight tolerance requirements at these high frequencies. The minimum
line width is a trade-off between manufacturing precision, impedance levels, and losses. The
calculated return loss was better than 15 dB and estimated losses were between 3 and 5 dB across
the frequency band.

References
[1] ECC Recommendation (09)01, “Use of the 57 - 64 GHz frequency band for point-to-point fixed wireless
systems”, January 2009.
[2] ECC Report 114, “Compatibility studies between multiple gigabit wireless systems in frequency range 57-66
GHz and other services and systems (except ITS in 63-64 GHz)”, May 2009.
[3] ETSI EN 302 217-4-2, “Fixed Radio Systems; Characteristics and requirements for point-to-point equipment
and antennas; Part 4-2: Antennas; Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the
R&TTE Directive”, v.1.5.1, 2010-01.

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