OCW LAB ASSIGNMENT

NAME :SHANMATHE SA
ROLL.NO:S20220010200

1.Explain how a hard disk works in details.

Please discuss different parts of the hard disk
and their corresponding works.

 INTRODUCTION:
A hard disk is a storage device that makes use of the
magnetization to store data.
A hard disk is also known as a hard drive or hard disk drive.
The data is stored in a hard disk drive in the form of a magnetic
pattern.

FIG-1(HARD DISK)
 WORKING PRINCIPLE:
 A hard disk typically works on the principle of
simple magnetism to store the data and
information 0s.
 Data is stored in the hard drive in the form of binary
code, using 1s and 0s.
 The information is spread on the magnetic layer which is
known as the platter of the disk and the information is
read or written by the read heads that float above the
surface.
 These air heads float above the magnetic layer of the
disk because of the ultrafast rotation of the disk.
 The surface of the platter is divided in many tiny
compartments. The magnetized compartments denote the
binary high value which is one and the demagnetized
compartment denotes the binary low value which is zero.
 The letters, numbers and other forms of data is stored in
the form of binary values.
 The process of magnetization to store data does not get
affected by switching off the power so the data is
retained even if the drive is not connected to a power
supply for a long period, thereby allowing reliable
storage of data.
 The smallest portion of the information stored by the
hard disk drive is known as a bit.
 HOW HARD DISK READS AND WRITES THE
DATA:
 In writing an electrical current travel via the heads
and modifies the surface of the electric field by
inscribing a 0 or a 1.
 In reading the magnetic field transmits an
electrical current to the read head and this signal is
 converted to digital signal which is read by the
computer

 COMPONENTS OF A HARD DISK:

A hard disk generally consists of 9 major
components:
 Actuator
 Read-write arm
 Central spindle
 Magnetic platter
 Plug
 Read-write head
 Circuit board
 Connector
 Small spindle.

FIG-2(COMPONENTS OF HARD DISK)

  Actuator:
It is a simple device which converts electrical
energy to mechanical energy. The main purpose of the
actuator is to drive the read-write arm.

 Read-Write Arm:
The read-write arm acts as a driving mechanism
that moves the read-write head over the surface of the platter
in a back-and-forth direction.

 Central Spindle:
The spindle attached to the centre of the platter
holds the device in place and helps in the uniform rotation of
the disk at a considerably high speed along its axis.

 Magnetic Platter:
The magnetic platter is a circular device that is
made up of aluminium or glass and has a magnetic coating on
its surface.
The magnetic platter is mainly responsible for storage of data
with the help of the magnetisation process.

 Plug:
The plug of the hard disk helps to connect the hard
disk drive to a computer system.

 Read-Write Head:
The read-write head is a small piece of a magnet
attached to the top of a read-write arm that performs the task
of reading data from the hard disk and writing the data on the
surface of the platter.
This device also enables us to access data available on both
sides of the platter.
 Circuit Board:
The circuit board of a hard disk drive is made up of
aluminium, glass, or ceramic material.
It is embedded in the internal circuitry of the hard disk drive
and is used to circulate the data by controlling the flow of data
to and from the magnetised platter.

 Flexible Connector:
It is mainly used to carry data from the circuit board
to the read-write head of the device and vice versa.

 Small Spindle:
A small spindle is a device which is attached to the
side of the disk that helps the read-write arm of the device to
swing sideways over the magnetised platter.

THANK YOU
.