Department of Education

Region III
DIVISION OF MABALACAT CITY

Name: John Stephen D. Soriano Grade & Section: 8 - Masigasig

School: Air Force City High School Date: January 13, 2021

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET TLE 8

Mechanical Drafting (Q2 Wk1) Drafting
Tools and Materials

I. Introduction

Drafting is said to be the universal language of industry and modern

technology. It is by the use of special lines and symbols that drafters use so
that technical individuals can connect. Ideas and designs are passed
between draftsmen, architects and engineers by drawings. There is wide
range of drafting tools and materials used in mechanical drafting.

In this activity sheet, you’re going to explore the different drafting

tools and materials. It will help you to understand the proper functions of
the instruments and materials use in creating drawings.

II. Learning Competency

This Learning Activity Sheets was designed and written with you in mind.
It is here to help you to identify tools and materials required in drafting.

III. Objectives

After going through this Learning Activity Sheets, you are expected to:

1. Identify the different drafting tools and materials.

2. Enumerate the functions of different mechanical tools and
equipment; and
3. Perform proper use of drafting tools.
IV. Discussion

In mechanical drafting, there is a great variety of drafting materials

and tools used. Design materials and tools include are the most basic one,
but sufficient enough for your initial understanding of mechanical design.

DRAFTING TOOLS AND MATERIALS

PICTURES/ILLUSTRATIONS DESCRIPTION
DRAWING PAPER
➢
Paper that is specially prepared
for use in drafting.
➢
Various types of drawing papers
are available for use but hard
and soft surface drawing papers
are highly recommended.
➢ Oslo paper is commonly
used but Bond paper is also
recommended.
Pixabay.com

DRAWING PENCIL
➢
Graphite This is one of the most important
pencils. © 2019 tools in drawing. It comes in
IMM Lifestyle
Books. various grades. The grade of
Courtesy of Fox
Chapel
pencil to be used depends on the
quality of paper. You have to
take into consideration also the
type of line work required.
➢
In pencil grade, “H” stands for
hardiness
➢
“B” stands for blackness
➢
Hard pencils - are used where
extreme accuracy is required
especially working on graphs,
diagrams and charts.
➢
Soft pencils - are too soft to be
Pinterest.com
used in mechanical drafting.
They are very useful for art work
of various kinds.

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 PENCIL SHARPENER
➢
A mechanical gadget used for
sharpening pencil. Pencils get
dull while they are used and its
core shortens, so a pencil
sharpener shaves the casing and
the core of the wooden pencil
until it shapes the point. It can
Artistwork.com be operated manually or by an
electric motor.

MASKING TAPE
➢
This is used for fastening the
drawing paper on the drawing
table or drawing board because
it does not damage the board
and it will not damage the paper
Creazilla.com if it is removed by pulling it off.

ERASER
➢
This is used to clean the dirt off
the drawing. A soft eraser is
advantageous in removing
smudges and pencil marks,
whereas, a harder eraser is
en.wikipedia.org useful for making changes and
correcting errors in the drawing.

ERASING SHIELD
➢
This tool is made up of metal
with irregular holes. It is a
valuable technique to cover the
rest of the drawing while
amazon.com
clearing smudges, unwanted
pencil lines and other erasures.

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 MEASURING TOOLS

PICTURES/ILLUSTRATIONS DESCRIPTION

TRIANGULAR SCALE

This is a tool commonly used to

replicate a drawing in an enlarged
or reduced to a regular
proportion. The architect's scale
is the most widely used scale. Its
main function is to reproduce the
measurements of an object in full
commons.wikimedia.org size, reduced size, and enlarged
size.

T-SQUARE
➢
It is a drawing device used to
create horizontal lines and It is
used to direct triangles when
drawing vertical lines. It's made
of wood, plastic or a mixture of
both.

Three Types of T-Square

• Fixed Head- the head is
openclipart.org attached to the blade. It is
used for everyday jobs.

• Movable/Adjustable Head- It
has one fixed head and one
flexible head and used mainly
for occasional sketches.

• Detachable/ Removable
Head- It is designed to be
convenient when holding the
T-square.

commons.wikimedia.org

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 TRIANGLE
➢
It is a three-sided ruler, which
normally has two equal sides
meeting an angle of 90 degrees
and a third side at angle of 45,
30 degrees, and 60 degrees.
When utilizing, the base of the
triangle must rest on the blade
of the T-square. Drawing a line
pixy.org often begins from the point at
the base upward.

Commonly used triangles are:

• 30 degrees X 60 degrees
• 45 degrees X 45 degrees

COMPASS

This drawing tool is used to draw

arcs and circles and It is used in
a similar way to a divider. It is
composed of a pen leg and a
needle point leg that is tied
together with a handle. This
thenounproject.com
drawing tool can be used for both
penciling and inking.

DIVIDER

This is a drawing instrument

used when transferring
measurements, dividing lines and
arcs into the desired number of
equal parts. It can easily transfer
accurate measurements by
adjusting the divider points.
diloy.com Constant correct practice is
necessary before doing an actual
work for a quick and easy control
when use.

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 PROTRACTOR

It is a semi-circular instrument
divided into 180 equal parts,
each of which is called a degree.
It is used to determine
gradations of the degrees when
mathisfun.com measuring arcs, angles and
circles. High quality protractor
is usually made of plastic.

V. Activities
Activity # 1:
A. Identify the name of the drawing tools and materials.

6.
Masking
Tape
1.
Erasing
Shield

2.
Sharpener 7. Divider

3.
Drawing
Pencil
8. T - Square

4.
Drawing
Paper 9.
Protractor

5.
Compass
10. Triangle

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 B. Based on your answer above, find the names of the drawing tools
and materials on the puzzle below.
1. Sharpener
2. Drawing Paper
3. Compass
4. Masking Tape
5. Erasing Shield
6. Drawing Pencil
7. Protractor
8. Triangle
9. T – Square
10 . Divider
VI. Assessment

Multiple Choice. Read the following statements. Encircle the letter of the
correct answer.

1. It is made of transparent plastic or glass for measuring angles.

A. Protractor C. Triangle
B. Compass D. Ruler

2. This drawing tool is used to draw arcs and circles.

A. Protractor C. Triangle
B. Compass D. Ruler

3. Type of T-Square wherein the head is attached to the blade and It

is used for everyday jobs.
A. Adjustable Head C. Movable Head
B. Fixed Head D. Detachable Head

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 4. It is a three-sided ruler, which normally has two equal sides meeting an
angle of 90 degrees and a third side at angle of 45, 30 degrees, and 60
degrees.
A. Protractor C. Triangle
B. Compass D. Ruler

5. Used for fastening the drawing paper on the drawing table or drawing
board.
A. Electric Tape C. Masking Tape
B. Adhesive Tape D. Packaging Tape

6. In pencil grade, “H” stands for?

A. Heavy C. Hardiness
B. Handy D. Huge

7. Commonly used to replicate a drawing in an enlarged or reduced to a

regular proportion.
A. Ruler C. Triangle
B. Triangular Scale D. Compass

8. Type of paper commonly used in drafting.

A. Bond Paper C. Colored Paper
B. Oslo Paper D. Japanese Paper

9. Use to cover the rest of the drawing while clearing smudges, unwanted
pencil lines and other erasures.
A. Eraser C. Erasing Shield
B. Sharpener D. Drawing Pencil

10. In pencil grade, “B” stands for?

A. Bold C. Black
B. Big D. Brightness

VII. Reflection

If you are a drawing tool or material, what are you and why? Answer in 5
or more sentences and draw the drawing tool or material that you have
selected in the box below. A rubric is attached as a guide in scoring your
output.
If I am a drawing tool or material I would
probably be a compass because I really love
circular things. The compass is a drawing
material that measures and helps drawing
circles more easier. There is another type of
compass which is called the Divider it is a
drawing tool that measures or transfers lines.

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_______________________________________________________________________
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Rubric in Reflection

Criteria Points
Substance of explanation 10
Relevance of explanation to the image 10
Appropriateness of the words used 5
Organization 5
Total 30 points

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VIII. References

K-12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module
“Mechanical Drafting Exploratory Course Grade 7 and 8”

Websites
Gutierrez, Edison. 2016
https://www.slideshare.net/edisoncgutierrez/mechanical-drafting-
69453922#:~:text=1.,that%20technical%20people%20can%20communicate.

Drafting. August 2018

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Drafting

Images
www.pixabay.com
www.pinterest.com
www.artistwork.com
www.creazilla.com
www.eb.wikipedia.org
www.amazon.com
www.commons.wikimedia.org
www.openclipart.org
www.pixy.org
www.thenounproject.com
www.diloy.com
www.mathisfun.com

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IX. Answer Key

.10 Triangle .10 C

.9 Protractor C .9
.8 T-Square B .8
.7 Divider B .7
.6 Masking Tape C .6
.5 Compass C .5
.4 Drawing Paper C .4
.3 Drawing Pencil B .3
.2 Sharpener B .2
.1 Erasing Shield A .1
Activity #1 Assessment

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X. Development Team

Development Team of the Learning Activity Sheets

Writer: Charlene M. Limpin

Editor: Anthony Rayley M. Cabigting. DEM
Reviewer: Jemima S. Dadulla, Anazel O. Tuazon, Daisy B. Bantigue
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Engr. Edgard C. Domingo, PhD, CESO V
Leandro C. Canlas, PhD, CESE
Elizabeth O. Latorilla, PhD
Sonny N. De Guzman, EdD
Anthony Rayley M. Cabigting. DEM
Elizabeth C. Miguel, EdD

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Mabalacat

P. Burgos St., Poblacion, Mabalacat City, Pampanga

Telefax: (045) 331-8143

E-mail Address: mabalacatcity@deped.gov.ph

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