7/8 Department of Education

National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

8 TLE – Industrial Arts

Mechanical Drafting
Module1
Prepare Hand Tools and Equipment in Mechnical Drafting

Writer: Anna Lou B. Barcelona

Illustrator:
Cover Illustrator: Christopher E. Mercado

1
2
3
4
5
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you develop
knowledge, skills, and attitudes in the performance of Mechanical Drafting tasks.
The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

● Lesson 1 – Types of hand tools and equipment
● Lesson 2 – Uses of hand tools and equipment for a specific job
● Lesson 3 – Classification hand tools and equipment according to function and
task requirement
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. identify the hand tools and equipment;
2. prepare hand tools and equipment; and
3. classify hand tools and equipment according to function and task
requirements.

Find 5 drafting tools and equipment below. Put a checkmark on your answer. ( 5pts)

6
 Drafting tools improve the consistency and speed of the creation of standard
drawing elements. Success in drafting is largely dependent on the availability and
quality of tools needed. A draftsman cannot produce good work without the available
tools despite his skill.

Jeff Duntemann says that "A good tool improves the way you work. A great
tool improves the way you think." Today's draftsmen need to use the highest quality
drafting tools and materials when working to improve the overall success of drafting
projects and to save a lot of valuable time. Drafting tools and equipment are used for
drawing and designing purposes.

7
3. ______________________________________________________________
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

_____________________________________________________________________________

4 ______________________________________________________________
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

_____________________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________________
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

_____________________________________________________________________________

Notes to the Teacher

In this lesson, the learners are expected to follow the
standard procedures in accomplishing forms. They should be able
to check the list of hand tools, drawing instruments, equipment,
and paraphernalia to be requested per job requirement .The teacher
should be able to guide the students in evaluating the condition of
all the requested hand tools, drawing instruments and
paraphernalia for proper operation and safety.

8
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Picture hunt
Encircle 5 hidden drafting tools on the picture below.

Drafting tools
Drafting tools are instruments in creating artistic sketches, expressing ideas
in the form of drawing, and can be used for the measurement and layout of drawing
elements.

9
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Drafting Tools and its uses:
T-square.

A T- shape instrument is used in drawing horizontal lines and serves as a

guide when drawing vertical lines using triangles.

Triangles.

A three-sided ruler is used to draw lines at a specific angle.

The most popularly used triangles are the 45 degrees and the 30 degree

by 60 degrees.

Protractor.

A semi-circular instrument is used to measure arcs, angles, and

circles in gradations of degrees.

Divider
An instrument consists of a jointed pair of legs, each with
a sharp point.

Compass

An instrument used to draw arcs and circles,

parts of circles. It is composed of a one-pointed leg and
one leg with a pen joined together with a handle.

French curve

It is used in drawing curves that cannot be drawn using compasses. It

is usually made up of wood, plastic, and celluloid.

10
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Drafting Materials and its uses

The most important and commonly used

drafting tools. It comes in different grades of
hardness. The hard pencil is numbered as
F, H,2H, and 9H, the medium grades are
5B,4B, and HB, the softest grades is 6B.

Pencil
The characteristic of highly recommended
drawing paper has a hard and smooth
surface that does not “groove” easily when
pressure is applied to the pencil.

Drawing paper

It is referred to as a table in which drawing

paper may be spread and fastened for
artists to work on. It is also called the
“architect’s table”.
Drawing board
It is used to reproduce the measurement of
drawing in full size, reduced size, and
enlarged size. It is also called an architect’s
scale.
Triangular Scale.
An effective tool in removing smudges and
pencil marks in the drawing.

Eraser
Drawing ink It is a finely ground carbon, suspended in
natural-synthetic gum added to render the
mixture waterproof, quick to drop, and easy
to dry.

11
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 It is a thin, transparent paper on which
inked or penciled drawing is made for
reproduction in the blueprint or white print.
Tracing Paper

These are used to fasten the paper to the

drawing board or table. Masking tape,
scotch tape, and other tapes are used.
Masking Tapes

It consists of pigment and mucilage, a

gummy substance from various plants. It is
used to color drawings.

Watercolor

It comes in different grades and styles from

bold to fine. Each is designated for certain
styles of lettering. Style A and B speedball
pens are used for square and round gothic
letters. Style C is used for Text and Roman
Speedball pens
letters, while style D is for rounded Roman
letters.

Read and understand carefully each statement. Put a checkmark on the

happy face if the statement is TRUE and if the statement is FALSE put a
checkmark on the sad face then, change the underlined words to make it
correct.
1. Protractor is an instrument used when making a straight line.

2. Chalk is used to removed smudges and pencil marks.

3. Masking Tape is used for fastening the drawing paper

on the drawing board.
4. Erasing Shield is used to protect the rest of the
drawing when removing unnecessary lines.

12
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 5. T-Square is used for drawing horizontal lines.
6. A pencil is the most important and commonly used drafting tool.

7. A divider is an instrument that consists of a jointed pair of legs,

each with a sharp point.

8. Drawing ink is referred to as a table in which drawing a paper

maybe spread and fastened for artists to work on.

9. Compass is an instrument used to draw arcs and circles, parts

of circles
10. French curve A three-sided ruler used to draw lines at
a specific angle.

Write the uses of the following drafting tools and equipment inside the dialogue box.

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

This Photo by Unknown Author has licensed und This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed und

13
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Read and understand each direction below and answer as follows.
Online Learners: Using the internet, watch Frank Gehry on this link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0amON0l_1o, He is one of the most amazing
architects in the world. Take note of 5 (five) drafting tools and discuss the uses of all
the tools and equipment he used.

Lists of tools used Uses of the tools

Offline Learners: Draw 5 different drafting tools and equipment available at

your home, you saw on t.v or books, and write its uses.

Lists of tools found at home Uses of the tools

14
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Read and understand each question carefully. Choose the best answer and encircle
the letter.

1. Which drafting tool is used for drawing horizontal lines?

a. compass b. triangle c. T-square

2. What do you call the drafting material used for fastening the drawing paper
on the drawing table?
a. compass b. divider c. masking tape

3. Which tool is used to reproduce the measurements of an object to any size?

a. triangular scales b. protractor c. triangle

4. Which drafting tool is used to protect the rest of the drawing when removing
unnecessary lines?
a. erasing shield b. eraser c. masking tape

5. Which drafting tool is used when drawing vertical lines?

a. compass b. triangle c.triangular scales

6. Which is referred to as a table in which drawing paper may be spread and

fastened for artists to work on?
a. compass b. drawing table c. triangular scales

7. What instrument consists of a jointed pair of legs, each with a sharp point?
a. divider b. protractor c. triangle

8. What is the semi-circular instrument used to measure arcs, angles, and

circles in gradations of degrees?
a. compass b. Masking tape c. protractor

9. What drafting tool is an effective tool in removing smudges and pencil marks in
the drawing?
a. divider b. eraser c. masking tape
10. Which drafting instrument was used to draw arcs and circles, parts of
circles?

a. compass b. drawing table c. triangular scales

15
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Photo Collage
Took a photo of the drafting tools you found at home. Make a photo collage
following the given instruction below:

1. SELECT PHOTOS
*Choose photos with a theme to make use of the collage's
storytelling power.
2. ARRANGE PHOTOS
*Select a layout, then arrange your photos to bring your story to life.
3. CUSTOMIZE BORDERS
*Add color, texture, and patterns to enhance the theme of
your collage.
4. ADD TEXT
*Complete your collage with a caption, description, title, and more.

Your output will be rated using the scoring rubric below:

Criteria 3points 2points 1points

*ideas many original several original few original ideas
-originality ideas in material ideas in material in material or
-interest and display are or display are display are evident
evident and evident to to stimulate
stimulate a great stimulate much interest
deal of interest interest
*Visual impact the overall visual the overall visual the overall visual
-effectiveness of impact is very impact is effective impact is limited
an overall effective
presentation

16
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Book
Basbas. Leonom D. Ph.D., Callo, E B. Ed.D, Lebrudo, Ma.Luz R. M.A (2007).
Learning and Living in the 21st Century (1st ed.). Rex Bookstore Inc.

Villanueva, CA.Dr. Garcia-Cruz, Villanueva-Rojo ( 2003 ). Effective Technology and

Home Economics ( 2nd ed. ) Adriana Publishing Co., Inc.

Department of Education Competency-based Learning Materials. Drafting

Technology
Manaois,GM. ( 1983 ) Drafting 1 and 2 Phoenix Publishing

Scott., L. ( 2006 ) Basic Drafting: A Manual for Beginning Drafters ( Spi Edition)
Trafford Publishing
Competency-based Learning Materials. Drafting Technology

Stirling.,N ( 1977 ). Introduction to Technical Drawing,. Delmar Publishing

Online Sources

Technical Drafting and Design. Retrieved from

https://www.nccvt.k12.de.us/career-programs/science-energy-drafting-
technologies-overview/technical-drafting

Design Handbook: Engineering Drawing and Sketching. Retrieved from

https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mechanical-engineering/2-007-design-and-
manufacturing-i-spring-2009/related-resources/drawing_and_sketching/

Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing -its Uses and Importance. Retrieved

from https://theconstructor.org/construction/instruments-engineering-
drawing/20067/
Tasstudent. Com Retrieved from
https://www.tasstudent.com/2018/01/01/drawingequipment/

Dep-ed commons pictures retrieved from

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

This photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

17
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
Assessment What's More
1. C
1.
2. C
3. A 2.
4. A 3.
5. B 4.
6. B
7. A 5.
8. C 6.
9. B 7.
10.A
8.
B. C.
9.
1. E 1. E 10.
2. A 2. A
3. D 3. D
4. B 4. B
5. C 5.C

What I Can do What I Have

Answers may vary learned
Answer may vary

18
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 Development Team of the Module

Writer: Anna Lou B. Barcelona (JHS-CIS-SL)

Editors:

Belinda Ll. Ulep (Subj. Coordinator, SRNHS)

Lauro Z. De Guzman (P-IV, MHS)

Internal Reviewer: Joseph T. Santos (EPS, TLE, SDO-Marikina)

Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza

Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Joseph T. Santos

Education Program Supervisor – EPP/TLE

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero
EPS – Learning Resource Management and Development System

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

19
City of Good Character
DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE