TECHNICAL DRAWING I

INFORMATION SHEET
Preparing 3.1
Perform freehand
Freehand drawing
Drawing
 Drawing Principles Freehand and
Sketching

Freehand sketches
are of great
assistance to the
designers in
organizing their
thought and
recording their
ideas.
 Drawing Principles Freehand and
Sketching
They are effective
and economical
means of
formulating various
solutions to a given
problem so that a
choice can be made
between them at the
outset.
 Drawing Principles Freehand and
Sketching

Often, much time

can be made
between them at the
outset.
 Drawing Principles Freehand and
Sketching
Much time can be
lost if the designer
starts his scaled
layout before
adequate
preliminary study
with the aid of
sketches.
 Drawing Principles Freehand and
Sketching
Information
concerning
changes design,
covering
replacement of
broken parts or lost
drawing, is usually
conveyed through
sketches.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

1. Drawing Paper- is
manufactured in
four colors, namely:
white, cream, light
green and buff. It
comes in different
sizes of
various sheet
thickness.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

2. Ruler- is used for

marking out
distances as well as
for measuring
purposes.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
3. Pencil- is
manufactured in
various grades of
hardness ranging
from 7H which is
very soft up to 9H.
The lead of pencil is
a mixture graphite,
clay and wax. The
clay makes the lead
hard. The harder the
pencil is, the lighter
the line is produced.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
4. Drawing Table–
may refer to any
ordinary table found
in a school shop or
in the home with
convenient height
that will make you
comfortable while
working. Its main
purpose is to provide
you a place where
you can fasten your
paper.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

5. Drawing Board-
is necessary if no
drawing bench is
available. The
common size of
drawing board is
45.71 cm X 61 cm.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

6. T-square - is an
instrument used for
drawing horizontal
lines. It also
supports the
triangle for vertical
or sloping line
drawing.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

7. Triangle- is used
to draw both vertical
and oblique lines. It
is the 45X45 -
degree triangle and
the 30X60 - degree
triangle.
.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
8. Drawing Tape-is
used before any
drawing activity is
to be started. the
drawing paper has
to be fastened on
the drawing
board. The
acceptable method
of fastening is with
the
use of tape.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

9. Eraser – has two

kinds: the red
rubber and the
yellow art gum. of
the two kinds of
eraser the yellow art
gum is better to use
for it correct errors
easily and removes
unwanted lines.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
10. Protractor- is
used to lay out
angles. It is made of
transparent plastic
and a half circle
shape. It has two
scales: the outside
scale which is from
zero to 180 degrees
going to the left
and the inside scale
which is the
opposite.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
11. Compass - is an
instrument for drawing
arcs and circles. The
common kinds of
compass are the
pencil compass and
the drawing compass.
The pencil compass
has an opening for the
pencil while the
drawing compass has
a piece of lead fitted
intone of its leg.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

12. French curve –

is an instrument for
drawing irregular
curves other than
arcs and circles.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

13. Ruling Pen – is

an instrument for
inking drawings. It
is adjustable in
order to produce
thickness and
thickness of lines.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

Ruling Pen
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

14. Divider- is used

for dividing lines or
distances into equal
parts.
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

Divider
Ruling Pen
Drawing Tools, Equipment, and Materials

15. Scale- is used

for measuring and
for scaling process.
Proper Care and Maintenance of Drawing
Tools and Instruments
1. Keep your
instruments and
equipment clean.
2. Wipe the pencil point
with a piece of cotton
and not your finger.
3. keep your drawing
tools and instruments
in proper places
before and after
using.
 Basic consideration in freehand sketches

1. Horizontal line. It
is a line parallel to
the horizon or a line Forms of Lines
that form 180 deg. It
is drawn from left to
right.
 Basic consideration in freehand sketches

2. Vertical line. Is a
line that can be
obtained by Forms of Lines
suspending plumb
and this line form 90
degrees from the
horizontal line. It is
drawn from top to
bottom.
 Basic consideration in freehand sketches

3. Inclined line. It is
neither horizontal
nor vertical line. Forms of Lines
 Basic consideration in freehand sketches

4. Curve line. A line

produced by a
circular movement. Forms of Lines
 Importance of Shading in freehand
drawing and sketches
Shading is the
process of making
the visible surfaces
of an object.
It is applied in a
variety of tones or
values.
 Importance of Shading in freehand
drawing and sketches
1. Light Values. This
represents the surface Tones or
which receives the Values of
greatest amount of Shading
light.
2. The Medium Values.
This represents the
surface which receives
less amount of light.
3. Dark Values. This
represents the surface
very little amount of light.
 Importance of Shading in freehand
drawing and sketches
In shading
Tones or
application, the
Values of
source of light is
Shading
assumed to be
coming from the
upper left-hand
corner of the drawing
paper and rays of
light are imagined to
be inclining at an
angle of 45 degrees.
 Methods of shading application

1. Line shading. A
technique of
showing the various
shades of an object
by using lines.
 Methods of shading application

2. Stippling. It is
applied by dabbing
the pencil point or
pen to produce dots
on the surface of the
object.
 Methods of shading application

3. Mixed shading. It
is called mixed
because it applies
both the line and
dotted shading.
However, the lines
and dotted
shading must not be
applied to the same
surface of the object.
 Methods of shading application

4. Continuous Tone
Shading or Smudge
Shading. This is
applied by using the
powdered graphite
or lead of a pencil.
Thank you!
Presented by:
Berlin C. Alcayde
Direction: A. Identification: Write the correct
answer in your answer sheet.

1. An instrument used for drawing

horizontal lines. It also supports the
triangle for vertical and sloping line
drawing.
2. It is an ordinary table found in a school
shop or in the home with a convenient
height that will make you comfortable while
drawing.
3. An instrument used for marking out
distances as well as measuring purposes.
Direction: A. Identification: Write the correct
answer in your answer sheet.

4. An instrument used for drawing

irregular curves other than arcs and
circles.

5. An instrument used for dividing lines

or distances into equal parts.

6. A tool used to draw both vertical and

oblique lines.
Direction: B. Enumeration:

7-10. Four colors of drawing papers.

Answer key

1. T-square
2. Drawing table
3. Ruler
4. French curve
5. Divider
6. Triangle
7. Cream
8. White
9. Light green
10. Buff
Thank you!
Presented by:
Berlin C. Alcayde
Thank you!
Presented by:
Berlin C. Alcayde