Mock Problems for Mid-term Test No.

Problem 1. (a) Calculate the mass flow rate (in grams per second) of blood (ρ = 1.0
g/cm3 ) in an aorta with a cross sectional area of 2.0 cm2 if the flow speed is 40
cm/s. (b) Assume that the aorta branches to form a large number of capillaries with
a combined cross-sectional area of 3.0 × 103 cm2 . What is the flow speed in the
capillaries?

Answers: (a) 80 g/s; (b) 0.27 mm/s.

Problem 2. A large storage tank, open to the atmosphere at the top and filled with
water, develops a small hole in its side at a point 16.0 m below the water level. If the
rate of flow from the leak is 2.50 × 10−4 m3 /min, determine (a) the speed at which
the water leaves the hole and (b) the diameter of the hole.

Answers: (a) 17.7 m/s; (b) 1.73 mm.

Problem 3. A 5.00-g lead bullet traveling at 300 m/s is stopped by a large tree. If
half the kinetic energy of the bullet is transformed into internal energy and remains
with the bullet while the other half is transmitted to the tree, what is the increase in
temperature of the bullet? (clead = 128 J/kg·◦ C.)

Answer: 176 ◦ C.

Problem 4. A gas is compressed at a constant pressure of 0.800 atm from 9.00 L to

2.00 L. In the process, 400 J of energy leaves the gas by heat. (a) What is the work
done on the gas? (b) What is the change in its internal energy?

Answers: (a) 567 J; (b) 167 J.

Problem 5. A bat can detect small objects such an insect whose size is approximately
equal to one wavelenght of the sound the bat makes. If bats emit a chirp at a frequency
of 60.0 kHz, and if the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s, what is the smallest insect a
bat can detect?

Answer: 5.67 mm.