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Textbook Solutions Advanced Engineering Mathematics… Chapter 7: Vectors Problem 50

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Solved 50, Advanced Engineering Mathematics,
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6th Edition NEXT QUESTION

Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 6th Edition, Chapter 7: Vectors

Problem 50, Page 327

Problem 50 Answer

Step by step explanation HIDE ALL

Tip:

If the vector is r = rx i ⃗ + ry j ⃗ then

The magnitude of the resultant, r = √r2x + r2y 

Explanation:

Given in the question

An airplane starts from an airport located at the origin O and flies 150 miles in the
direction 20∘ north of east to city A . From A , the airplane then flies 200 miles in
the direction 23∘ west of north to city B. From B, the airplane flies 240 miles in the
direction 10∘ south of west to city C. Express the location of city C as a vector r
as shown in FIGURE
Step 1 of 3:

It is convenient to choose the coordinate system, x− axis points to the east and
the y− axis points to the north.

To Find the distance from O to C.

rx = Ax + B x + C x 
​ ry = Ay + B y + C y ​
r = rx i ⃗ + ry j ⃗
The magnitude of the resultant, r , is given by the Pythagorean theorem as,
r = √r2x + r2y 

Step 2 of 3:

Initially, the airplane flies a distance of 150 miles from the point O to city A
located in the direction of 20∘ north of east.
The components of OA is,
Ax = 150 cos 20∘ 
​ ​
Ax = 150 sin 20∘
Thus, the position vector for this distance is given by
OA= 150 cos 20∘ i + 150 sin 20∘ j ……(1) 
Again, the airplane flies 200 miles in the direction 23∘ west of north to the city B.
So the direction of the airplane in this condition with respect to the initial point O
would be
90 + 23 = 113∘ 
The components of AB is,
B x = 200 cos 113∘ 
B x = 200 sin 113∘ 
Thus, the position vector of the distance traveled in is given by
AB= 200 cos 113∘ i + 200 sin 113∘ j ……(2) 

Step 3 of 3:

And finally the airplane travels a distance of 240 miles in the direction of 10∘
south of west to city C.
Thus, the position of the airplane with respect to the initial position O would be
180 + 10 = 190∘ . 
The components of BC is,
C x = 240 cos 190∘ 
C x = 240 sin 190∘ 
Thus, the position vector of the distance travelled by the airplane is given by
BC= 240 cos 190∘ i + 240 sin 190∘ j …….(3) 
Determine the location of the City C as vector ˉr . 
r =OA + AB + BC 
​r​= rx i ⃗ + ry j ⃗ ​
= (Ax + B x + C x )i ⃗ + (Ay + B y + C y )j ⃗
The distance traveled by the airplane is the sum of the position vectors of
distances traveled in all directions.
From the above equations (1), (2) and (3). 

r = 150 cos 20∘ i + 150 sin 20∘ j + 200 cos 113∘ i + 200 sin 113∘ j + 240 cos 190∘ i + 240 sin
​ ​= (150 cos 20∘ + 200 cos 113∘ + 240 cos 190∘ )i + (150 sin 20∘ + 200 sin 113∘ + 240 si
≈ −173.55i + 193.73j

Determine the distance from O to C. 

The magnitude of the resultant, r = √r2x + r2y 
The distance of the city C from the point O is given by
∥r∥ = √(−173.55)2 + (193.73)2 
​ ​Final Answer: ​
≈ 260.09miles
Total distance 260.09miles from O to C. 

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