COLLOCATIONS FOR 6.
5+ | ORGANISED VERSION
TOPIC 1. EDUCATION
Advantages/For
Giving children - work independently away
homework every day from the environment of schools
=> proactively apply the
knowledge that they have learnt
in the classroom
=> gain a deeper
understanding of the subject
- do home assignments
=> have the opportunity to
revise the lesson taught to
them in the school
=> retain information more
easily => reduce the exam
stress considerably
Teaching history - have a thorough insight into
subjects the history of their own country
=> understand their
hometown’s traditional values
and develop a national identity
=> take pride in their origins and
treasure the life they know today
- accumulate knowledge of this
particular field at an early age
=> enhance their understanding
about various aspects of the
world
=> can work for foreign
enterprises
Focusing on Science - Focus on scientific subjects
Disadvantages/Against
- have an obligation to
complete the homework while
having to deal with an
excessive load of knowledge
at their school + constant
examinations => sacrifice
their sleep to meet
academic demands =>
exhaust the child + reduce
their interest in studying =>
suffer from depression.
- Return home with excessive
amounts of homework=>
reduce children’s after-school
time for other extracurricular
and leisure activities =>
unable to develop
necessary soft-skills
- Learn history
=> be forced to memorize
dates and events from the
past
=> rarely use them in
people’s lives
=> be of little relevance to the
future and today’s society.
- (historical events) be seen in
different perspectives and
interpreted in different ways
=> (students) normally learn
the subject through only one
source => discount its
importance as a subject for
learning.
- (A major in science) consists
subjects
Making art & music
compulsory
Parents putting pressure on
children to perform well
such as biology, mathematics,
physics and chemistry => ensure
that any knowledge and skill
gaps in the economy are
covered => increase the overall
GDP of the nation => improve a
country’s future prosperity.
- attain science degrees => be
provided with foundational
knowledge to adapt to the
fast-moving technological
development => increase their
future employment prospects.
- learn art-related subjects =>
enjoy learning through enjoyable
and creative methods =>
enhance fine motor skills,
hand-eye coordination and
problem-solving skills => assists
children in attaining better
learning outcomes.
- be more interested in
non-academic subjects => get
hands-on experience in these
subjects at an early age => give
students a platform where they
can develop and perfect their
artistic skills => become easier
for them to pursue their creative
career in future.
Reason
Reasons:
- (parents) experienced
difficulties during their times
of related subjects with a
great amount of specialized
knowledge and tough
experiments => require a lot
of diligence + patience +
intelligence => put students
under great pressure in order
to understand and handle the
tasks well.
- (some countries) have fewer
employment opportunities
available in science fields =>
have little chance to get a job
after graduation despite
spending a huge amount of
time and effort on this
particular subject => increase
the employment rate.
- be already burdened with a
regular academic curriculum
=> (perform art) enhance that
study load => decrease their
academic results.
- be of the mindset that art
does not contribute to the
advancement of human
society => be generally
considered as a hobby rather
than a professional field =>
opt for other vocational
subjects such as science or
commerce stream, which
have jobs available in
abundance.
Result
Problems:
- encourage their children to
acquire an occupation that

Cutting music and art to
teach information
technology
Doing educational activities
during free time
or lived in poor conditions =>
not want their children to face
the same predicament =>
assess them and keep them
in an enormous study
timetable to gain success
- put pressure on the youth to
continually achieve higher
scores => apply to top
schools => get degrees or
professional certificates =>
secure future employment
opportunities.
For:
- Exclude music or art from
the formal educational course
=> reduce a great deal of
energy and time that students
spend on them => focus
pupils’ attention on more
important and complicated
subjects => improve their
grades.
- have a technological-based
educational background =>
broaden their knowledge
about the technology tools =>
be more likely to acquire a
good position in the job
market of reputed companies.
For:
- Solve puzzles => take
different approaches to try
and solve a problem since
there’s a lot of trial and error
involved => learn the value of
formulating theories, testing
hypotheses, and changing
their perspectives when
something doesn’t work out
according to plan => become
more innovative and
they do not have passion for
=> (children) not express their
own ideas and desires => not
feel the real sense of job
satisfaction => have an
undesirable life.
- engage their children only
for future achievements +
omit the entertainment part of
the youngsters => (children)
be exposed to great stress =>
affect their mental wellbeing
and cause psychological
suffering.
Against:
- opt for different arts and
musical subjects => think out
of the box + produce some
unique ideas => sharpen the
cognitive skills of youngsters
=> be well-prepared for their
future prospects.
- be taught music or cultural
subjects => reduce heart
rates and blood pressure =>
find their inner peace +
support them in doing other
activities and facing
challenges => balance out the
pressure of science and
technology - related subjects.
Against:
- Spend time on
extracurricular activities like
cricket and football => burns
more calories than typical
workouts => build physical
strength => build confidence
in a player both on and off the
field => perform better in
school, career, family life, and
friendships.
 adaptable employees.
- Spend a long period of time
playing at a computer => lead
to hand and eye strain =>
leave them physically tired =>
affect their performance at
school or work => lower their
personal attainment.
Free education for all For:
- (the weaker section of the
population) are provided with
free education => solve the
monetary concerns =>
prevent the inequality
between students of different
income levels => increase
their chance of finding a
dream job.
- (free courses and study
programs) be given to
everyone irrespective of their
caste, wealth, and race =>
have greater intellectual,
problem-solving skills and
civic-mindedness => create a
potentially more productive
and educated workforce =>
increase the literacy rate +
improve the growth of that
country.
TOPIC 2. FAMILY
Causes/Reasons
Rising divorce rates - get married at a young age
→ face financial distress as
they have to satisfy needs of
a married life → more likely to
get a divorce
- engage children in creative
activities such as singing,
dancing, painting etc => take
the time and energy to
develop their own ideas =>
discover and realize their
habits, impulses, and desires
=> be better able to express
themselves to the world on a
regular basis.
Against:
- Lend more support to the
studious and determined
students instead of offering
freely available education to
everybody => be able to
allocate the rest of the budget
to health care, public facilities,
and so forth => ensure the
basic fundamental rights for
citizens of a country.
- (Learners) pay some
amount of tuition fee
=> (university) be able to
obtain state-of-the-art
equipment such as projectors
and computers
=> enhance the learning
experience of their students.
Problems
- men and women have to
adjust to their new single lives
and deal with several issues
→ life quality of both
decreases significantly:

- suffer from stress in the
workplace (jobs now are very
demanding), people spend
long hours at the workplace
compared to the past →
spend less time at home with
families → there is no room
for affection → lead to
break-up
- Earlier, people were humble
to each other and men were
the sole breadwinners in the
household → today, both are
independent and dominating
→ pay less attention to their
partner’s advice when
confronting difficulties →
irreconcilable differences and
ego clashes happen → lead
to divorce
Spending less time with - fast pace of modern life →
family prioritize the pursuit of fame
and fortune over family’s
precious moments → lead to
significant reduction in family
time
- cope with increasing
demand of work → be obliged
to finish heavy workload on
daily basis → parents’
overworking → lack time for
family
- technology and social media
undermine family
relationships:
development of technology
and online social media →
members all engage in their
own social interaction, and
not real family conversation,
+ Many women still depend
tightly on their husband
for financial support →
divorce means reduction
of financial supply →
confront difficulties
tackling life expenses
+ Divorced men lose the
physical and mental
nourishment from their
wife → life becomes
miserable
- children become the
innocent victims → lose the
care and support they
supposed to have from their
parents → negative influence
on the child’s discipline and
personality development →
cause negative, long-lasting
effects in their own future
relationships, inside and
outside the family
- members do not receive
proper support their
immediate family →
experience emotional
distress, feel isolated or
rejected
- parents do not spend
enough time with their
children → children lack of
appropriate care and attention
→ be likely to follow a path
towards criminal behaviors
→ exert negative effects on
the society in general
- less mutual understanding
and less happy laughter in the
home → experience reduced
levels of happiness → broken
families are seemingly
inevitable
 even in family gatherings →
exacerbate the physical and
emotional gaps between
family members → gradually
no longer devote time to
family
Advantages
Parenting classes - Provide mothers and fathers
with in-depth knowledge
about how to raise a kid at
different developmental
stages → have a better
understanding of their
children’s needs → take the
best care of them
- parents are equipped with
basic medical training → have
better preparation at child
safety and injury prevention
→ be able to deal with
emergency situations more
effectively
Couples choosing to have - not need to handle the
no children expenditures of raising a child
→ decrease financial burden
of every family significantly →
enjoy their life free from any
extra financial stresses
- neither spending time on
pregnant period nor taking
care of children → means
fewer responsibilities for a
couple → invest time in
getting higher education and
later job promotion → spend
their life fulfilling their dreams
and accomplishing their
aspirations
- decline in the national/global
birth rate → ameliorate the
Disadvantages
- most parents struggle
financially → usually work
overtime to make ends meet
→ attending in parenting
classes takes up their
precious time and money →
adversely affect their work
and their life
- disagreement over what
good parenting entails → the
idea of a parenthood
preparation course that suits
everyone is impractical →
eventually, these parenting
courses can be unworkable
and largely pointless
- choosing to have no children
→ miss the mental and
emotional support when the
couple gets old and infirm →
make them feel isolated and
depressed, even miserable in
the twilight years of their life
- decreasing birth rate → lack
of labour force in the near
future → huge economic and
social problems occur
 governments’ burden of the
social welfare system →
invest less budget in
education, medicine or
entertainment that are aimed
at children → increase
investment in other sectors
TOPIC 3. TECHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES
Online shopping - shop and buy things on the
Internet => customers can
select the products and make
the purchase from home =>
eliminate the need to travel to
the stores => save time and
dedicate time to more
important activities
- engage in online shopping
=> buy things through apps or
e-commerce platforms =>
more likely to get discounts,
special offers or free delivery
service => obtain the items at
bargain prices => save
money for other purchases
Social media - run blogs, post pictures on
social media outlets... =>
deliver messages about
social issues (environmental
pollution, teenage behaviours,
career crisis) to more people
DISADVANTAGES
- go shopping online => form
judgements about the
products based on the
information (texts, images,
videos) presented on the
websites => get real products
that differ from the online
models (in terms of
appearance, quality, quantity)
=> customers are
disappointed => lose their
trust in the brand and give
unfavorable product reviews
=> the brand fails to have
loyal customers and attract
prospective ones.
- go shopping online =>
perform transactions online
=> have to reveal bank
account number/ID number
and other items of personal
information => vulnerable to
cyberattacks => lose money
and live under constant
threats to one’s life
- use social media to read
news, chat with friends,... =>
become obsessed with social
media and spend too much
time surfing the Internet =>
lead a sedentary life + looking
 => raise public awareness on
these issues => help people
have a proper attitude
towards things around
them/connect and sympathize
with minority groups/raise
efforts to address global
problems
- use social media as a
channel of brand marketing
=> run online ad campaigns
=> reach prospective
customers from far and wide
=> likely to boost sales and
increase more revenue
AI/Robots - Artificial intelligence
technologies carry out
complex tasks like humans
but with virtually no errors =>
can be applied to in
healthcare industry =>
perform surgeries with greater
precision => save more lives
- artificial intelligence can
understand complex human
messages and be responsive
=> help computers better
process users’ commands
and execute them with great
complexity to achieve the
optimal results => can be
installed on virtual courses to
help students better interact
with lesson content, get their
tests marked automatically =>
increase study efficiency
Cybercrime Causes
- the inception of the Digital
age and the growing
popularity of social media =>
people do most activities such
at the computer/mobile
phone’s screen for too often
=> develop obesity and
eyesight problems
- use social media to seek
friends/sexual or romantic
partners/job opportunities...
=> reveal too much personal
information in (to attract
people who can help them
fulfill these purposes) =>
some people may exploits
this information with bad
motives (committing a crime,
stealing your money) => your
life is put at risk
- AI is widely applied in
factories to automate
industrial production
processes => no human
workers are needed =>
human workers become
redundant and face risks of
unemployment => resort to
crimes to earn their livings =>
cause losses/threatens the
lives of innocent civilians
- AI are widely used in many
aspects of lives => terrorists
may exploit AI for bad
purposes => manage to fully
manipulate many people’s
lives and make themselves
less detectable => innocent
people suffer greater
loss/face more serious threats
Solutions
- avoid uploading important
personal information online
=> cybercriminals are less
likely to have attractive
 as studying, applying for job,
communicating with people,...
in the cyberspace => people
have to publish personal and
important information online
=> people with bad motives
see the potential in such
information to earn them
influence and wealth => give
rise to cybercrime
- cybercriminals can steal the
data without making physical
efforts/leaving evidence =>
they can carry out the crimes
without getting exhausted or
being detected => cybercrime
provides a more secure
alternative and guarantees
greater chance of success for
criminals => more and more
people want to cybercrime
TOPIC 4. ENVIRONMENT
Advantages
Using fossil fuels - There are many countries
with abundant natural
resources => fossil-fuelled
stations can be built almost
anywhere => cost for
transportation and
construction is cheaper.
- generate more energy than
other plants => lower price
and be more efficient => more
favorable than other types of
energy
targets to aim at => criminals
fail to gain from cybercrime
=> they are discouraged and
stop engaging in cybercrime
- governments set out to
enact stricter cybersecurity
laws => compel online
sites/platforms/ channels to
tighten control on Internet
users’ private information +
introduce heavier
punishments for detected
cybercriminals => challenge
criminals’ access to personal
information => criminals lost
interest in launching further
cyber attacks
Disadvantages
- A dramatic increase in the
frequency of exploitation =>
the resources of fossil fuels
are running out => take many
years to form again without
the intervention of humans =>
lack of energy supplied to the
world.
- The combustion of fossil
fuels is a major source of
increasing atmospheric
carbon dioxide => harm the
environment seriously =>
cause more natural disasters
such as acid rain => damage
the habitat of both humans
and animals.
Using alternative energy - alternative energy resources
resources are renewable => able to use
it for a long period of time =>
reduce excessive worrying
that the natural resources will
run out.
- non-conventional resources
do not harm the environment
=> tackle the threat of climate
change => make the
investments necessary for
realizing the full potential of
the resource => replace the
fossil fuel system.
Losses of biodiversity Causes:
- the escalating human
population is increasing its
pressures on natural
resources => lead to many
problems such as
over-utilization of natural
resources or poaching => do
serious harm to the
environment => lead to
erosion or loss of biodiversity.
- The scarcity problem is
worsened through the act of
industrialization => the
surroundings will be exposed
to chemicals and emissions
=> impact negatively to the
environment => lead to some
natural disasters such as
deforestation => losses of
biodiversity
Overpopulation Problems:
- Overpopulation => increase
the number of private vehicles
on the streets => increase the
emission of carbon dioxide
- cost for settings is very
expensive => not widely used
around the world, especially
for developing countries =>
cannot completely phase out
fossil fuels => require more
investments and research to
make it easily accessible for
everyone.
- Geographical limitations =>
depends a lot on the
environmental conditions of
the countries => are not
suitable for everyone like
fossil fuels => prevent them
from using alternative energy
resources.
Solutions
- The government should
enforce strict laws on illegal
logging=> reduce the number
of trees being cut => prevent
the area from deforestation
=> maintain biodiversity.
- encourage and provide
more campaigns on planting
trees => result in an increase
in the number of trees in the
area => give a helping hand
with the process of
regeneration => reduce the
potential losses of
biodiversity.
Solutions:
- Provide better education =>
Gain knowledge or
understanding about the
world => heighten awareness
 into the atmosphere => cause
air pollution => result in
serious environmental
degradation.
- Overpopulation => the
demand for housing and food
will increase => more
buildings and exploitation of
natural resources => harm
the environment because of
the emissions from production
=> tribute to global warming
=> natural disasters.
Environment
Deforestation Causes:
- Overpopulation => force the
governments to allow
construction companies to
encroach on woodlands =>
result in a decrease in the
number of trees in the area
such as Amazon forest >
deforestation
- Do not inform strict law on
poaching => no securities for
natural forests to protect them
from being harmed => people
keep on exploiting them =>
cut down trees uncontrollably
=> deforestation
Pollution Causes:
- Do not provide efficient
waste disposal for the citizens
living near rivers or canals =>
citizens struggle with their
daily waste => throw it into
of sex and the impact of
overpopulation => decrease
the birth rate => slowly
eliminate the overpopulation
problem.
- Imposing taxes on
consuming products => result
in an increase in the price of
goods => families have to pay
more money to raise their
children => restrict the
number of children in
low-income families =>
reduce the population rate.
Solutions:
- Inform people about the
consequences of
deforestation => make some
advertisements on TVs or
interview experts => educate
people and raise their
awareness about protecting
forests => reduce the
potential of deforestation.
- More forest securities
should be in place => ban
people from logging where
the forest is low => solve the
demand problem by
introducing people to artificial
furniture instead of using
wood => cut down the
demand of wood => decrease
the possibility of
deforestation.
Solutions:
- Invest on developing the
technology for a better waste
disposal system for those
living near the river or canal
=> introduce them a better
 the river or canal nearby =>
rivers and canals are filled
with garbage and waste =>
water pollution.
- City is being filled with too
many people from different
societal background =>
demand for houses and cars
will increase => the city has to
messily mingle with the
concrete jungle of brick
houses and experience a
growing number of private
cars on the street =>
emissions such as C02
coming from these activities
will harm the environment
badly => air pollution
TOPIC 5. ADVERTISING
Advantages
Advertising Advantages for companies:
+ Celebrity endorsement =>
make a product more
appealing => attract potential
customers =>
boost sales for companies
+ Promotional campaigns =>
increase brand awareness of
new products => reach
potential customers =>
increase sales => boost
economic
development
Advantages for:
consumers:
+ Online advertisements =>
reach potential customers =>
way to deal with their waste
=> prevent them from
throwing garbage into rivers
=> reduce the amount of
waste floating on the rivers =>
the water in the area will
become less polluted.
- Make alternative energy
more approachable for
everyone => more people will
use this type of energy =>
discourage them from using
the fossil fuels => reduce the
amount of emissions from
fossil fuels => freshen the air
Disadvantages
Disadvantages for
consumers:
+ Exaggerate the quality of
the products => misleading
information => impulsive
purchase =>
disappointment => return the
products at their own expense
+ Persuaded to follow the
latest trends and fashions =>
buy unnecessary things =>
waste of money
+ TV commercials may
interrupt one’s viewing
experience => cause
frustration + affect viewers’
enjoyment of the show
 meet customers' demands
and needs => improve
customers’ life quality

Advantages for online and

offline media channels &
audiences:
+ billboards on the streets =>
promote their products =>
reach a wider range of target
audiences
(passing pedestrians +
drivers)
+ conduct market research =>
be aware of customers’ needs
=> improve products quality

Advertising for children + upsurge in advertisements + easily influenced by

=> broaden children’s horizon
of knowledge by providing
them with useful information
about the products and their
difference in comparison to
other brands.
+ advertisements aimed at
children => parents pay heed
to useful and relevant
products during the
upbringing of children =>
example: nutritious milk
commercials => allow parents
to keep abreast of which
product is the most suitable
for their children
advertisements =>
advertisements with
inappropriate content may be
harmful to the development of
children
+ pestering or nagging from
children to buy things =>
pressure on their parents =>
overindulgence of children
+ a large number of the flashy
advertisements
=> detrimental effect on a
child’s academics => lose
their ability to focus on a
certain task for an extended
period of time.

Advertising should be + prevents advertisements + governments may restrict

regulated by governments from having inappropriate
content + content that is not
in line with government policy
=>common in every country
=> if advertisement is within
normal bounds => the
government wouldn’t have
much to say about it.
advertisements that has
out-of-the-box styles =>
advertisements gain no
intention from customers
+ Governments’ approval
time for assessing an
advertisement is lengthy =>

Methods used in
advertising are unethical
and unacceptable in today’s
society
TOPIC 6. SOCIAL ISSUES
+ advertisement approved by
governments have higher
credibility => customer’s find
it easy to make purchasing
decisions
+ advertisements appear all
over social media channels
=> give people more choices
to compare => customers
choose their best option
+ Advertisements creates
jobs for marketers => raise
people’s living standards =>
boost the country’s economy
take companies’ long time to
release their advertisements
=> reduction in profits and
reach
+ the way that advertisements
encourages people to buy
products they may not need
or cannot afford => Children
and young people in
particular are influenced by
adverts => put enormous
pressure on the parents to
buy these products
+ the advertising of tobacco
products and alcohol has long
been a controversial issue =>
alcohol adverts encourage
excessive consumption and
underage drinking => yet
restrictions have not been
placed on this type of
advertising in the same way
as smoking.
+ an invasion of personal
privacy => human beings
should have the free will to
decide what information they
wish to receive => but
advertisers have the choice to
shove their products down
our throats. => browsing the
internet, ads can pop up
anytime, one after another
and after a certain number of
times => become
excruciatingly frustrating.
 Causes Problems Solutions

Competitive job - schools improve the - job market becomes - fresh graduates and
market quality of education more competitive => prospective job
=> acquire more many people are applicants should try
learning materials rejected from their running their own
and adopt more jobs => become business/doing
innovative unemployed => resort startups => avoid the
approaches to to crimes to earn their job application
teaching => students livings => cause process => suffer
are equipped with human losses and less from the impacts
more social unrest of a competitive job
knowledge/foster market
more vital skills => - job market becomes
manage to meet more competitive => - students need to
basic job application staff recruitment map out their
requirements upon standards are raised academic and career
graduation (obtain higher => students paths early during
academic have to work harder high school years =>
certifications, (get good grades, have time to acquire
demonstrate LoRs, win knowledge, engage in
professional internships/scholarshi different activities and
competency/experien ps) to land their sharpen their skills =>
ce) => employers dream jobs => suffer get qualifications, win
raise recruitment from health problems awards, prestigious
standards => job (depression, scholarships +
market becomes obesity,..) familiarize
more competitive themselves with
intense workload
- companies apply AI /heavy responsibility
technology => AI + develop special
perform tasks more abilities desired in
quickly and at a lower their position =>
cost than human stand out from other
workers do => AI applicants when
replaces human applying for job +
workers at workplace impress the
=> fewer job employers => earn a
opportunities for job in a competitive
human workers job market

FOOD SHORTAGE - Parents give birth to - food shortage - introduce laws to

too many children => happens => people restrict family size =>
A country population do not enough food to bring population
quickly escalates => feed themselves => increase under better
leads to suffer from control => lower the
overpopulation in a undernourishment => demand for food =>
 short period of time face serious avoid food shortage
=> is in urgent need health-related
of larger food supply problems - improve farming
=> Farming fails to methods and adopt
increase production - food shortage sustainable farming
yield and meet food occurs => farmers practices => grow
demand use intensive farming more food while still
=> food shortage methods and harmful maintaining soil
chemicals to boost fertility for long-term
- natural disasters crop productivity => use => produce foods
(floods, droughts, damage to local that meet people’s
hurricanes) happen ecosystems and the demands and have
=> cause extensive land => land cannot surplus to provide for
damage to crops => be used to cultivate periods of severe
crops yield poorly by crops weather and
harvest time => disasters => prevent
causes food shortage possible food
(especially for shortage
countries with
agriculture-based
economy)

BRAIN DRAIN - the country does not - brain drain:

have policies to companies lack a
attract talents (does skilled and able
not offer appealing workforce => fail to
remuneration maintain and
package and fight off increase production
nepotism) => output and devise
competent and innovative
talented job seekers approaches =>
do not find the national economy
motivation to apply becomes stagnant
for jobs => travel and industries quickly
abroad to pursue a fall behind those of
more promising other countries =>
career path => home living standards
country suffers from decline
brain drain
- countries face brain
- the country suffers drain => companies
from calamitous cannot recruit
events (natural talented employees
disasters/ => obliged to lower
epidemics/wars) => recruitment standards
pose serious threats => job market
to people’s lives => becomes less
 people, including competitive =>
prospective job people lack the
applicants, flee to motivation to work
other countries => hard to earn well-paid
talent haemorrhage jobs in their country
=> be at a
disadvantage when
competing against
people from other
countries in different
fields of endeavour.

EXPATS IN A - many Asian - expats enter a - make reforms in

COUNTRY countries experience country => the education such as
great hardship in number of job making English
learning and teaching seekers in host second official
English => have to country’s job market language and
seek after foreigners increases => the job incorporating
to teach English => market becomes vocational training
offer them generous more competitive => into school curricula
salaries => foreigners more people fail to => all native students
are well-respected earn a job => become can speak English
and lead a unemployed and and acquire
comfortable life in commit crimes to career-relevant skills
these countries => sustain their life => => raise the
attract expats from mar the country’s competency of native
countries where social stability job application
English are widely candidates => job
spoken and where - expats flow into a market becomes
the job market is country => introduce more competitive for
more competitive foreign traditions, foreigners => many
cultural norms, codes foreigners would be
- Western countries of conduct and ways discouraged to enter
(like Germany or of thinking => quickly the country
America) have high adopted by young
living standards, people => clash with - posing entry
excellent healthcare long-standing native restriction laws on
services and great traditions upheld by foreigners => bring
education quality => older generations => down annual
attract students and leads to growing admission of
job hunters from less difference between immigrants and
wealthier generations within expats into a country
nations/refugees from families => => prevent excessive
war-torn and exacerbate flows of expats
terrorised regions generation gap and
=> witness great conflicts
influxes of
 expats/refugees/immi
grants

CRIMINAL - both parents work - children adopt - parents spend times

TENDENCIES IN hard to feed the criminal behaviours interacting with the
CHILDREN family => => turn into criminals children =>
overwhelmed with when they reach empathize with their
work obligations and adulthood => causes feelings and
neglect the children human and material understand their
=> children lack losses => upset character => provide
parental social stability for their material and
care/attention + emotional needs =>
guidance => left to - children manifest help them live a
the negative undesired antisocial meaningful and
influences of social tendencies => exert fulfilled life => deter
evils and quickly an unsettling effect their propensity for
assume antisocial upon parents => rebellious and violent
attitudes (which they parents evade behaviours
take as an emotional responsibilities for
outlet for the neglect their children’s - parents restrict
they suffer) => misbehaviours and children’s Internet
develop a tendency blame on each other usage => prevent
towards crimes => fuel the conflicts them from watching
between parents => disturbing content
- parents are leads to divorce or that involves
overprotective => domestic violence violence, bloodshed,
trespass upon sex, abuse and
children’s personal uncensored display of
privacy => the corrupt behaviours
children feel (which are usually
smothered => glorified and
gravitate towards normalized on the
rebellious behaviours Internet) => reduce
to detach themselves their chances of
from the parents => imitating these
worsen into criminal behaviours =>
behaviours eliminate the
possibilities of their
becoming criminals

GENDER - women are - more women should

INEQUALITY AT traditionally viewed be encouraged to
WORKPLACE as intellectually take on leadership
inferior and more responsibilities =>
easily influenced by display logical
emotions than men intelligence, planning
are => the same skills and dominating
 mindset carries itself influence that
into the workplace => normatively
female staff fill characterize their
positions relating to male counterparts =>
communications/publi enhance their status
c relations while men in the workplace
assume directorial
and executive roles - educate boy
(which are held in children to treat
higher regard) => everyone equally and
women continues to judge people on their
be belittled and own merits => grow
considered men’s up seeing women as
subordinates in their their equals in
work academic/professiona
l settings => help
- men instinctively reduce sexual
treat women as sex objectification and
objects => never improve gender
consider their female equality at workplace
co-workers/employee
s against a serious
and professional
context => more
emphasis is laid on
women’s physical
appearance than on
their professional
merits and
competency =>
women are always
seen as inferior in
terms of work
performance

TOPIC 7. HEALTH

Causes Effects

Widespread substance use - cope with a demanding - parents’ substance abuse →

workload on a daily basis → set as a bad example for their
suffer from increased stress children to follow → long-term
→ adults consume drugs to negative effects on their
 remain active at work or to physical, behavioral and
relieve stress mental developments

- the youth is challenged to - drugs affecting brain and

deliver the most in academic
institutes → suffer from
excessive stress → this
pressure forces them to
consume substance like
drugs or tobacco
- increasing interests in
bodybuilding and fitness →
the media exaggerates the
immediate benefits of certain
medicines → substance use
looks appealing →
widespread use
mental conditions directly →
without drugs, they cannot
think clearly, become
unstable and suffer from
paranoid delusions → their
original problem in school
performance would be more
seriously exacerbated
- constant substance use on
bodybuilding and fitness →
their continued usage without
consulting a physician →
adverse effects on their body
in the long run → potential
health risks in the future

Causes Effects Solutions

Childhood - rapid development of the - overweight, unhealthy, - parents’ responsibility to

obesity fast food industry →
encourage bad eating habits:
junk food (hamburgers,
chips…); sugary soft drinks
→ become overweight
- the ubiquity of technology
and media → overexposure
→ get addicted to video
games and some social
networking sites, rather than
physical activities like sports
→ have a sedentary lifestyle,
lack of exercise → contribute
to the obesity problem
unfit → may suffer from prepare meals that include
body shaming and more vegetables and less
bullying from peers → fat contents + schools’
exert negative effects on action to remove fast food
their mental health recipes from the canteen
(stress, anxiety…) → menu → close observation
consequently result in and proper guidance →
lower academic ensure children are
performance provided with a healthy
diet
- the more likelihood of
childhood obesity, the - governments can hinder
higher risk of heart the development of fast
diseases, diabetes and food industry through
cancer → affect a taxes and policies + limit
country’s overall junk food advertisements
wellness → put a strain or prohibit those which are
on hospitals, healthcare directed to children → less
centers and also exposure to fast food →
governmental actions → mitigate childhood obesity
a heavy burden for the

Lack of exercise - CHILDREN:
the ubiquity of technology
and media → overexposure
→ get addicted to video
games and some social
networking sites, rather than
physical activities like sports
→ have a sedentary lifestyle
& lack of exercise
- WORKING ADULTS:
faced with a demanding
workload
→ + the majority of working
adults struggle to find time to
exercise → lack of exercise
+ too exhausted and
run-down by work at the end
of the day → have various
other choices and
distractions in their downtime
(streaming movies, scrolling
through endless memes) →
find no motivation to exercise
Causes
Unhealthy eating habits - the hectic pace of life →
people may lack the
necessary time to devote to
society in the future - accompany children in
everyday activities →
restrict the time they
spend on computer and
video games →
encourage to do regular
exercise
- not get sufficient - parents should
exercise → obesity accompany children in
problems → may suffer everyday activities →
from body shaming and close observation and
bullying from peers → proper guidance → restrict
escalating rates of the time they spend on
mental health problems computer and video
(stress, anxiety…) → games → encourage them
consequently result in to do regular exercise
lower academic
performance - reduce the length of the
working week
- a lack of physical + cut back on the
activity → the higher risk conventional 9-5 working
of obesity, heart day
diseases, diabetes and + authorities launch
cancer → affect a campaigns to
country’s overall propagandize the dangers
wellness → put a strain of the shortage of physical
on hospitals, healthcare activities to citizens
centers and also national → working adults will have
budgets that are time and motivation to
allocated for healthcare take up exercising
expenses → a heavy
burden for the society in - obligatory regulation of
general morning exercise should
be issued by companies
and schools → both adults
and children are made
compulsory to exercise
daily → effective in
boosting productivity
Solutions
- parents’ responsibility to
prepare meals that include
more vegetables + schools’
preparing healthy food at
home → left with no option
but to consume fast food
- rapid development of the
fast food industry → people
are bombarded with attractive
messages of offers and
discounts everywhere +
lucrative fast-food
advertisements displayed on
TV → encourage bad eating
habits: junk food
(hamburgers, chips…)
action to remove fast food
recipes from the canteen
menu → close observation
and proper guidance →
ensure children are provided
with a healthy diet
- through taxes and policies +
limit junk food advertisements
or prohibit those which are
directed to children →
governments can hinder the
development of fast food
industry → less exposure to
fast food
- governments should invest
money in establishing health
centers as well as youth clubs
→ educate both the youth
and their parents the
importance of good eating
habits and the detrimental
effects of poor eating habits