150 MCQs For 5th Sem Chem H and Pass - 2019 - 0

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Multiple Choice type questions for 5th Semester Chemistry (HONS & GEN) pp1-15
(FOR 5th Semester Chemistry Hons & GEN)
1. Thermal analysis is defined as ___________

a) Measurement of concentration of materials as a function of temperature
b) Measurement of solubility of materials as a function of temperature
c) Measurement of physical properties as a function of temperature
d) Measurement of line positions of crystals as a function of temperature
2. What are the two main techniques for thermal analysis?
a) FTG AND DGG
b) MSP AND FCT
c) TGA AND DTA
d) TSA AND DGF
3. Dilatometry is also known as by which of the following names?
a) TGA
b) DTA
c) DSC
d) TMA
4. Which of the following statements given below is false?
a) TGA, DTA and DSC are measured using same instrument
b) TGA and DTA can be carried out simultaneously.
c) TGA, DTA and DSC are measured using different instruments.
d) TMA is a recent name of Dilatometry.
5. What is the range of the rate in ◦Cmin required during the heating process in TGA?
a) 1-20
b) 25-50
c) 100-200
d) 150-1000
6. Under conditions of ______________ heating, decomposition usually take place in thermogravimetry. Fill
up the suitable option from the choices given below.
a) First order
b) Second order
c) Third order
d) Dynamic
7. The T and T temperature depends on which of the following factor?
a) Cooling rate
b) Mechanical property of the material
c) Thermal expansion coefficient
d) Atmosphere above the sample
8. What is the temperature required for the decomposition of CaCO in degree Celsius?
a) 200
b) 500
c) 900
d) 1200
9. Which among the following elements has the highest thermal conductivity?
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Hydrogen
d) Chlorine
10. Which of the following bridges are used in thermal conductivity analyzers?
a) Wheatstone bridge
b) Kelvin’s bridge
c) Anderson’s bridge
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d) Schering’s bridge
11. Which of the following is generally used as indicators in bridges in thermal conductivity analyzers?
a) Voltmeter
b) Ammeter
c) Galvanometer
d) Wattmeter
12. Which of the following will improve the efficiency of the separation process in liquid chromatography?
a) Increase in sample size, increase in column diameter
b) Reduction in sample size, increase in column diameter
c) Increase in sample size, reduction in column diameter
d) Reduction in sample size, reduction in column diameter
13. Which of the following are the practical problems that arise due to the decrease in column diameter?
a) Requirement of large particle size and high pressure drop
b) Requirement of large particle size and low pressure drop
c) Requirement of small particle size and high pressure drop
d) Requirement of small particle size and low pressure drop
14. Which of the following is not true about the guard column used in liquid chromatography?
a) It filters particles that clog the separation column
b) It extends the lifetime of separation column
c) It allows particles that cause precipitation upon contact with stationary or mobile phase
d) The size of packing varies with the type of protection needed
15. Which of the following columns are not used in liquid or high performance liquid chromatography?
a) Analytical column
b) Separation column
c) Guard column
d) Capillary column
16. Which of the following is not a Column-type Liquid chromatography?
a) Gel permeation
b) Ion exchange
c) Liquid-solid
d) Paper
17. Which of the following types of liquid chromatography uses immobilized biochemical as a stationary
phase?
a) Ion exchange chromatography
b) Exclusion chromatography
c) Affinity chromatography
d) Gel permeation chromatography
18. Which of the following is not true about High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC)?
a) It requires high pressure for the separation of the specious
b) There is no need to vaporise the samples
c) It is performed in columns
d) It has high sensitivity
19. Which of the following cannot be done to reduce ripple in High pressure liquid chromatography?
a) Using bellows
b) Using restrictors
c) Using long nylon tube between pump and column
d) Avoiding the use of the solvent pump
20. Which of the following is not true about Hydraulic capacitance flow control system used in HPLC?
a) It can be used only for liquids with low viscosity
b) It is irrespective of solvent compressibility
c) It maintains a constant flow
d) It smoothens high pressure pump pulsations
21. Systematic errors occur due to
a)overuse of instruments
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b)careless usage of instruments
c)both A and B
d)human sight
22. For the separation of which of the following substances, Gas-solid chromatography is being used?
a) Thermally stable organic components
b) Volatile organic components
c) Thermally stable inorganic components
d) Low molecular weight gaseous species
23. Which of the following is not a feature of carrier gas used in gas chromatography?
a) It must be chemically inert
b) It should be suitable for the detector employed
c) It should not be completely pure
d) It should be cheap
24. Which of the following is the disadvantage of hydrogen, which can be used as carrier gas in gas
chromatography?
a) Dangerous to use
b) Expensive
c) Reduced sensitivity
d) High density
View Answer
25. Which of the following is the disadvantage of helium, which can be used as carrier gas in gas
chromatography?
a) Dangerous to use
b) Expensive
d) High density
26.Which of the following is the disadvantage of nitrogen, which can be used as carrier gas in gas
chromatography?
a) Dangerous to use
b) Expensive
d) High density
27. In which of the following methods are liquid samples injected into the column in gas chromatography?
a) Gas tight syringe
b) Micro-syringe
c) Rotary sample valve
d) Solid injection syringes
28. What must be done to the solid samples for it to be introduced into the column without using solid
injection syringes in gas chromatography?
a) Introduced in hot-zone of the column
b) Dissolved in volatile liquids
c) Introduced using rotary sample valve
d) Introduced using sampling loops
29. Which of the following is the commonly used support material for the packed column in gas
chromatography?
a) Glass
b) Metal
c) Diatomaceous earth
d) Stainless steel
30. Which of the following is the advantage of a straight packed column?
a) It can be packed uniformly
b) It can be repacked easily
c) It is compact
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d) It is easier to heat it evenly
31. Capillary columns are open tubular columns constructed from which of the following materials?
a) Glass
b) Metal
c) Stainless steel
d) Fused silica
32. Which of the following is not a desirable feature of the ovens used in gas chromatography?
a) It must have a fast rate of heating
b) Power consumption should be kept low
c) It must have maximum thermal gradients
d) It should have proper insulation
33. Which of the following is not an ideal characteristic of a detector used in gas chromatography?
a) Linear response to the solutes
b) Short response time
c) High reliability
d) Sensitive to the changes in the flow rate of a carrier gas
34. Which of the following is not a type of detector used in gas chromatography?
a) Argon ionisation detector
b) Thermal conductivity detector
c) UV visible spectrometric detector
d) Electron capture detector
35. Which of the following detectors have high sensitivity to all organic compounds?
a) Sulphur chemiluminescense detector
b) Thermionic emission detector
c) Flame ionization detector
d) Argon ionisation detector
36. Which of the following is not the advantage of thermal conductivity detector used in gas
chromatography?
a) Simple in construction
b) High sensitivity
c) Large linear dynamic range
d) Non-destructive character
37. Which of the following detectors is widely used to detect environmental samples like chlorinated pesticides
and polychlorinated biphenyls?
a) Flame ionization detector
c) Argon ionisation detector
38. Filter photometer detector is primarily responsive to which of the following compounds/elements?
a) Volatile sulphur or phosphorous compounds
b) Nitrogen
c) Halogen
d) Potassium
39. Which of the following detector uses ultraviolet radiation from lamps to produce ionisation of solute
molecules?
a) Sulphur chemiluminescense detector
c) Photo ionization detector
40.Thermionic emission detector used in gas chromatography is most sensitive to which of the following
elements?
a) Nitrogen
b) Phosphorous
c) Halogen
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d) Carbon
41.In which of the following detectors, the carrier gas is excited by a radioactive source and the atoms of
carrier gas are excited to a metastable state?
a) Argon ionisation detector
b) Thermionic emission detector
c) Flame ionization detector
42. Which of the following is not used as a heating element in a Thermal conductivity detector?
a) Platinum
b) Gold
c) Graphite
d) Tungsten wire
43. How is the molar concentration of solute in stationary phase related to molar concentration of solute in
the mobile phase?
a) Directly proportional
b) Inversely proportional
c) Equal
d) Not related
44. If the value of the distribution constant ‘k’ is one, then what could be inferred about the distribution of
solute?
a) Its distribution in stationary phase is greater
b) Its distribution in mobile phase is greater
c) It is equally distributed in stationary and mobile phase
d) It is distributed in a random manner
45. The time taken by the analyte after sample injection to reach the detector is called _________
a) Dead time
b) Solute migration rate
c) Adjusted retention time
d) Retention time
46. The time required for a molecule of the mobile phase to pass through the column is called ______
a) Dead time
b) Solute migration rate
c) Adjusted retention time
d) Retention time
47. Which of the following is defined as the ratio of moles of solute in stationary phase to the moles of solute
in the mobile phase?
a) Distribution constant
b) Volumetric phase ratio
c) Retention factor
d) Total porosity
48. Which of the following is the ratio of the interstitial volume of packing to the volume of its total mass?
a) Distribution constant
b) Volumetric phase ratio
c) Retention factor
d) Total porosity
49. Which of the following is the ratio of the length of column packing to dead time?
a) Average linear rate of solute migration
b) Average linear rate of mobile migration
c) Relative migration rate
d) Selectivity factor
50. Which of the following is the ratio of a length of column packing to retention time?
a) Average linear rate of solute migration
b) Average linear rate of mobile migration
c) Relative migration rate
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d) Selectivity factor
51. Retention volume can be obtained by finding the product of which of the following parameters?
a) Dead time and total porosity
b) Retention time and volumetric flow rate
c) Adjusted retention time and volumetric flow rate
d) Retention time and total porosity.
52. What must be the value of the selectivity factor?
a) Equal to 1
b) Less than 1
c) Greater than 1
d) Greater than 0
53. Basic Principle of IR spectra is
a) d-d transition
b) L→M trasition
c) molecular vibrations
d) vibrational frequency
54. Which of the following is the wave number of near infrared spectrometer?
a) 4000 – 200 cm
b) 200 – 10 cm
c) 12500 – 4000 cm
d) 50 – 1000 cm
55. Which of the following options are correct in terms of wavelength for the different types of IR
spectrometer?
a) Near IR: 0.8 – 2.5 mm
b) Mid IR: 0.8 – 2.5 mm
c) Far IR: 2.5 – 50 mm
d) Mid IR: 50 – 100 mm
56. Which of the following is not a technique for preparing solid samples in IR spectroscopy?
a) Solids run in solution
b) Mull technique
c) Solid films
d) Thin films
57. Which of the following is not an application of colorimeter?
a) Paints
b) Inks
c) Cosmetics
d) Composition detection
58. In photometers, the readings of the specimen are initially obtained in the form of which of the following
parameters?
a) Transmittance
b) Absorption
c) Wavelengths
d) Volume
59. Which of the following is the purpose of balance indicator in double beam photometer or colorimeter?
a) Selects a particular wavelength
b) Splits the wavelength selected into two equal beams
c) Detects and indicates the amount of light falling on it
d) Indicates the difference between the output of two photometers
60. Which of the following is a source used in spectroscopy?
a) LASER
b) Tube light
c) Sodium vapour lamp
d) Tungsten lamp
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61. Chromatography is a physical method that is used to separate and analyse __________
a) Simple mixtures
b) Complex mixtures
c) Viscous mixtures
d) Metals
62. In which type of chromatography, the stationary phase held in a narrow tube and the mobile phase is
forced through it under pressure?
a) Column chromatography
b) Planar chromatography
c) Liquid chromatography
d) Gas chromatography
63. In chromatography, the stationary phase can be ___________ supported on a solid.
a) Solid or liquid
b) Liquid or gas
c) Solid only
d) Liquid only
64. In chromatography, which of the following can the mobile phase be made of?
a) Solid or liquid
b) Liquid or gas
c) Gas only
d) Liquid only
65. Which of the following cannot be used as an adsorbent in Column adsorption chromatography?
a) Magnesium oxide
b) Silica gel
c) Activated alumina
d) Potassium permanganate
66. Which of the following types of chromatography involves the separation of substances in a mixture over a
0.2mm thick layer of an adsorbent?
a) Gas liquid
b) Column
c) Thin layer
d) Paper
67. In Column chromatography, the stationary phase is made of _________ and the mobile phase is made of
_________
a) Solid, liquid
b) Liquid, liquid
c) Liquid, gas
d) Solid, gas
68. In Thin layer chromatography, the stationary phase is made of _________ and the mobile phase is made
of _________
a) Solid, liquid
b) Liquid, liquid
c) Liquid, gas
d) Solid, gas
69. Liquid chromatography can be performed in which of the following ways?
a) Only in columns
b) Only on plane surfaces
c) Either in columns or on plane surfaces
d) Neither in columns nor on plane surfaces
70. Gas chromatography can be performed in which of the following ways?
a) Only in columns
b) Only on plane surfaces
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c) Either in columns or on plane surfaces
d) Neither in columns nor on plane surfaces
71. In Gas-liquid phase chromatography, the stationary phase is composed of _________ and the mobile
phase is made of _________
a) Solid, liquid
b) Liquid, liquid
c) Liquid, gas
d) Solid, gas
72. Which of the following types of chromatography involves the process, where the mobile phase moves
through the stationary phase by the influence of gravity or capillary action?
a) Column Chromatography
b) High Pressure Liquid Chromatography
c) Gas Chromatography
d) Planar Chromatography
73. Which of the following is the principle of Flame emission photometers?
a) Radiation is absorbed by non-excited atoms in vapour state and are excited to higher states
b) Medium absorbs radiation and transmitted radiation is measured
c) Colour and wavelength of the flame is measured
d) Only wavelength of the flame is measured
74. In Flame emission photometers, the measurement of _____________ is used for qualitative analysis.
a) Colour
b) Intensity
c) Velocity
d) Frequency
75. In Flame emission photometers, the measurement of _____________ is used for quantitative analysis.
a) Colour
b) Intensity
c) Velocity
d) Frequency
76. Which of the following is the advantage of prism monochromators?
a) Dispersion is non-overlapping
b) Dispersion occurs in non-linear manner
c) Dispersion is overlapping
d) Dispersion occurs in a linear manner
77. Which of the following is not an application of Flame emission photometers?
a) Analysis of biological fluids
b) Determination of sodium, potassium in soil
c) Determination of metals such as Mn, Cu
d) Analysis of complex mixtures
78. Which of the following is not an advantage of a photovoltaic cell which is used as a detector in Flame
emission photometers?
a) Portable
b) No external supply
c) Robust in construction
d) Does not show fatigue
79. Which of the following is not true about Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer?
a) It is of non-dispersive type
b) It is useful where repetitive analysis is required
c) Size has been reduced over the years
d) Size has increased over the years
80. In the most widely used beam splitter, a thin film of ________ is sandwiched between two plates of low
refractive index solid. Fill the blank with a suitable option.
a) Mylar
b) Silicon carbide
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c) Ferrous oxide
d) Silver chloride
81. Which of the following is not the function of the drive mechanism in Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectrophotometer?
a) Movement of mirror to obtain a satisfactory interferogram
b) Acquire a good interferogram pattern
c) Allow 50% of the beam to pass
d) Keep the speed of the moving mirror constant
82.Which of the following is not the advantage of Fourier Transform Spectrometers?
a) Signal to noise ratio is high
b) Information could be obtained on all frequencies
c) Retrieval of data is possible
d) Easy to maintain
83. Which of the following is the reference that is generally used in FTIR interferometer?
a) Air
b) NaCl solution
c) Alcohol
d) Base solution
84. Why is the computer necessary in Fourier Transform Spectrometer?
a) To display the detector output
b) To process the detector output
c) To determine the amplitude
d) To determine the frequency
85. Which of the following is the principle of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?
a) Radiation is absorbed by non-excited atoms in vapour state and are excited to higher states
b) Medium absorbs radiation and transmitted radiation is measured
c) Colour is measured
d) Colour is simply observed
86. In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, which of the following is the generally used radiation source?
a) Tungsten lamp
b) Xenon mercury arc lamp
c) Hydrogen or deuterium discharge lamp
d) Hollow cathode lamp
87. In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, with what material is the cathode in Hollow cathode lamp
constructed?
a) Tungsten
b) Quartz
c) Element to be investigated
d) Aluminium
88. Which of the following is not a component of the emission system in Flame photometer?
a) Burner
b) Atomiser
c) Fuel gases and their regulation
d) Chopper
89. Which of the following is the function of the atomiser in the emission system of Atomic Absorption
Spectroscopy?
a) To split the beam into two
b) To break the steady light into pulsating light
c) To break large mass of liquid into small drops
d) To reduce the sample into atomic state
90. Which of the following is not a fuel used in flame photometry?
a) Acetylene
b) Propane
c) Hydrogen
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d) Camphor oil
View Answer
91. Which of the following is not the requirement of a good flame in flame photometer?
a) Liquid sample must be evaporated to form solid residue
b) Solid residue must decompose to form atoms
c) Atoms must be produced such that they have the ability to get excited to higher states
d) Atoms must be produced such that they are in stable state
92. At what pressure should the gases in the sealed tube be maintained in the Hollow cathode lamp?
a) 1 to 5 torr
b) 20 to 30 torr
c) 40 to 50 torr
d) 50 to 55 torr
93. Which of the following detectors is used to detect light intensities which are very weak?
a) Photomultiplier tube
b) Photovoltaic cell
c) Photoemissive tubes
d) Photo reflector
94.How is Tungsten Halogen lamp differs from normal Tungsten filament lamp used in absorption
spectroscopy?
a) It has a tungsten filament and is filled with inert gas
b) Iodine is added to normal filling gas
c) Iodine is coated on tungsten filament
d) Iodine is added to inert gas
95. Which of the following could be used as the layer of dielectric in interference filters used in Absorption
Spectroscopy?
a) Graphite
b) MgF
c) Fe
d) AgNO
96.How can stability of radiation be achieved in incandescent or discharge source used in Absorption
Spectroscopy?
a) Using filters
b) Using monochromators
c) Using slits
d) By controlling the source voltage
97. Which of the following is not a reason for laser not being generally used as a source of radiation for UV,
Visible Spectroscopy?
a) High cost
b) Limited range of wavelength
c) Less intensity
d) Complex to work with
(MCQs on RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES FOR 5th Semester Chemistry Hons only)
98. Who authored the book “methods in Social Research”

a) Wilkinson
b) CR Kothari
c) Kerlinger
d) Goode and Halt
99. “Research is an organized and systematic enquiry” Defined by
a) Marshall
b) P.V. Young
c) Emory
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d) Kerlinger
100. Research is a “Scientific undertaking” opined by
a) Young
b) Kerlinger
c) Kothari
d) Emory
101. “A systematic step-by-step Procedure following logical process of reasoning” called
a) Experiment
b) Observation
c) Deduction
d) Scientific method
102. Ethical Neutrality is a feature of
a) Deduction
b) Scientific method
c) Observation
d) experience
103. Scientific method is committed to ……………….
a) Objectivity
b) Ethics
c) Proposition
d) Neutrality
104. “One of the methods of logical reasoning process” is called
a) Induction
b) Deduction
c) Research
d) Experiment
105. Research is classified on the basis of …….. and methods
a) Purpose
b) Intent
c) Methodology
d) Techniques
106. Research undertaken for knowledge sake is
a) Pure Research
b) Action Research
c) Pilot study
d) Survey
107. Example for fact finding study is
a) Pure Research
b) Survey
c) Action Research
d) Long term Research
108. Facts or information’s are analyzed and critical evaluation is made in
a) Survey
b) Action research
c) Analytical research
d) Pilot study
109. Research conducted to find solution for an immediate problem is ………….
a) Fundamental Research
b) Analytical Research
c) Survey
d) Action Research
110. Fundamental Research is otherwise called
a) Action Research
b) Survey
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c) Pilot study
d) Pure Research
111. Research related to abstract ideas or concepts is
a) Empirical research
b) Conceptual Research
c) Quantitative research
d) Qualitative research
112. A research which follows case study method is called
a) Clinical or diagnostic
b) Causal
c) Analytical
d) Qualitative
113. Research conducted in class room atmosphere is called
a) Field study
b) Survey
c) Laboratory Research
d) Empirical Research
114. Research through experiment and observation is called
a) Clinical Research
b) Experimental Research
c) Laboratory Research
d) Empirical Research
115. Research method is a part of …………..
a) Problem
b) Experiment
c) Research Techniques
d) Research methodology
116. “Scientific Social Survey and Research” is written by
a) Best John
b) Emory
c) Clover
d) P.V. Young
117. “Doubt is often better than ……………….”
a) Belief
b) Value
c) Confidence
d) Overconfidence
118. Research help in explaining the ………… with which something operates.
a) Velocity
b) Momentum
c) Frequency
d) gravity
119. …………… is a motivation for research in students
a) Research degree
b) Research Academy
c) Research Labs
d) Research Problems
120. Which of the following is an example of primary data?
a) Book
b) Journal
c) News Paper
d) Census Report
121. Major drawback to researchers in India is …………….
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a) Lack of sufficient number of Universities
b) Lack of sufficient research guides
c) Lack of sufficient Fund
d) Lack of scientific training in research
122. ICSSR stands for
a) Indian Council for Survey and Research
b) Indian Council for strategic Research
c) Indian Council for Social Science Research
d) Inter National Council for Social Science Research
123. UGC Stands for
a) University Grants Commission
b) Union Government Commission
c) University Governance Council
d) Union government Council
124. JRF is for
a) Junior Research Functions
b) Junior Research Fellowship
c) Junior Fellowship
d) None of the above
125. ………….. is the first step of Research process
a) Formulation of a problem
b) Collection of Data
c) Editing and Coding
d) Selection of a problem
126. In the formulation of the problem we need to give a ………….
a) Title
b) Index
c) Bibliography
d) Concepts
127. Survey is always a ………….. study
a) Field
b) Laboratory
c) Office
d) Class room
128. Survey is a ……………. Study
a) Descriptive
b) Fact finding
c) Analytical
d) Systematic
129. Technical Report is otherwise called
a) Interim Report
b) Popular Report
c) Thesis
d) Summary
130. A short summary of Technical Report is called
a) Article
b) Research Abstract
c) Publication
d) Guide
131. ………………. is called publication in a Research journal
a) Guide
b) Popular report
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c) Research article
d) Format
132. Ph.D stands for
a) Doctor of Philosophy
b) Degree in Philosophy
c) Doctor of Psychology
d) None of the above
133. Bibliography means
a) Foot Note
b) Quotations
c) List of Books referred
d) Biography
134. The first page of the research report is
a) Appendix
b) Bibliography
c) Index
d) Title Page
135. In Research Report ……………. is used to acknowledge indebtness
a) Bibliography
b) Index
c) Appendix
d) Foot-Notes
136. A Blue print of Research work is called
a) Research Problem
b) Research design
c) Research tools
d) Research methods
137. Research design is a blue print, outline and a …………….
a) Plan
b) System
c) Strategy
d) Guide
138. Facts, figures and other relevant materials serving as bases for a study is called
a) Sample
b)Method
c) Data
d) Theory
139. Observation of an event personally by the observer is ……………..
a) Indirect observation
b) Direct observation
c) Controlled observation
d) Uncontrolled observation
140. Camera, tape recorder, video tape etc are ……………. Devices of observation
a) Casual
b) Mechanical
c) Technical
d) Manual
141. Questions which allow only a few alternative way of answering is called ………..
a) Open ended questions
b) Unstructured questions
c) Structural questions
d) Dichotomous questions
142. Questions in which only two alternatives are possible is called
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a) Multiple choice questions
b) Dichotomous questions
c) Open ended questions
d) Structured questions
143. Questions which seek information is called
a) Factual question
b) Opinion question
c) Hypothetical question
d) Marginal question
144. The question which by its content structure or wordings leads the respondent in the direction of a certain
answer is called
a) Factual question
b) Opinion question
c) Leading question
d) Structural question
145. The aggregate of all the units pertaining to a study is called
a) Population or universe
b) Unit
c) Sample
d) Frame
146. A member of the population is called ……………
a) Element
b) Census
c) Sample
d) Group
147. Sample value is called………………
a) Parameter
b) Core Value
c)Statistic
d) Variable
148. Population value is called …………..
a) Statistic
b) Parameter
c) Variable
d) Core value
149. Probability sampling is otherwise called
a) Multiple choice
b) Uni-variate Analysis
c) Random Sampling
d) Bi-variate Analysis
150. Sampling which provides for a known non zero chance of selection is
a) Probability sampling
b) Non probability sampling
c) multiple Choice
d) analysis
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DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

BIR BIKRAM MEMORIAL COLLEGE

(FOR 5th Semester Chemistry Hons & GEN)

1. Thermal analysis is defined as ___________

(MCQs on RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES FOR 5th Semester Chemistry Hons only)

98. Who authored the book “methods in Social Research”

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