Names..………………………………………..………… Index ….…………….

……
School Exam Number:……….…………………………..Signature:……….……….
Candidates should NOT write their Centre Name or
P525/1 Centre Number anywhere on this booklet
CHEMISTRY
Paper 1
June 2022
2 ¾ hours

ENTEBBE
Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education

CHEMISTRY

(PRINCIPAL SUBJECT)

Paper 1

2 hours 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Answer all questions in Part A and six questions from Part B

All questions are to be answered in the spaces provided.
The periodic table with relative atomic masses is provided at the back.
Illustrate your answers with equations where applicable.
Mathematical tables (3-figure tables) are adequate or non-programmable scientific
electronic calculators may be used.

Illustrate your answers with equations where applicable.

Molar gas constant, R = 8.314JK-1mol-1.
Molar Volume of gas at s.t.p is 22.4dm3
Molar Volume of gas at room temperature and pressure is 24.0dm 3.

FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 TOTAL

SECTION A: (46 Marks)

1
1. (a) Write balanced equation for the following reactions.

(i) Loss of alpha particle by Thorium – 230. (01 mark)

……………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………
(ii)
Fusion of nitrogen —15 with a proton to give another nucleus
and an alpha particle. (01 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) Beta decay by Lead – 214. (01 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
(b)
An element X undergoes radioactive decay and decayed by two thirds
in a period of 2430 years. Determine the half life of an element X.
(03 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
2. The following reagents can be used to distinguish between members in a
class of organic compounds. Name the class of organic compounds and in
each case state what would be observed if the reagent is separately treated
with a member of each of the class you have named.

(a) Reagent: Neutral Iron (III) Chloride solution. (21/2 marks)

Class:
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………

Observation:

2
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………….
(b)
Reagent: 2,4 – Dinitrophenylhydrazine (2½ marks)
Class:
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
Observation:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………….
3. (a) 50cm3 of a vaporized alcohol Y, CnH2n+1OH diffused through a small
hole in 119.85 seconds. Under the same conditions the same volume
of hydrogen diffused through the hole in 21.85 seconds.

(i) Calculate the molecular mass of Y. (1 ½ marks)

………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………
(ii) Determine the molecular formula of Y . (01 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) (i)
Write the structural formulae and IUPAC names of all the
possible isomers of Y. (02 marks)
………………………………………………………...................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
(ii) Y reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide and Iodine solution
Turn Over to
give a pale yellow precipitate. Identify Y. ( /2 mark)
1

3
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..

4. (a) Compare the reactivity of the following elements with water.

(i) Fluorine (1/2 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Chlorine (1/2 mark)
………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………
(iii) Iodine (1/2 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
(b) Write equation for the reaction between Iodine and

(i) Cold dilute sodium hydroxide solution. (1 ½ marks)

……………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………
(ii) Hot concentrated sodium hydroxide solution. (1 ½ marks)
…………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………
(c) State what would be observed in b (ii) above. (01 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………….
5. (a) Write:
(i) An equation for the hydrolysis of ethyl ammonium chloride in
water. (1 ½ marks)

4
………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
(ii)
The expression for the hydrolysis constant, Kh, for ethyl
ammonium chloride. (1/2 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

(b)
The pH of a 0.2M aqueous ethyl ammonium chloride solution is 3.8 .
Calculate the hydrolysis constant Kh, for ethyl ammonium chloride.
State any assumptions made. (03 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
6. State the conditions and write equations for the reaction between water and
(i) Iron (2 ½ marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
(ii) Lead (2 ½ marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………
7. Equation for some half cell reactions are given below:
Eθ/V
Zn 2+
(aq) + 2e Zn (s) - 0.76

Fe3+ (aq) + e Fe2+ (aq) + 0.77

(a) Write the cell notation for the cell formed when the two half cells are
connected. (1 ½ marks)

5
……………………….
Turn Over
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………
(b)
Write equation for
(i) The reaction at the cathode (01 mark)
…………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
….…………………………………………
(ii) The reaction at the anode (01 mark)
……………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
….…………………………………………
(iii) The overall cell reaction (01 mark)
……………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
….…………………………………………
(c) Calculate the e.m.f of the cell in (a) above. (01 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
8. (a) Benzene reacts with iodomethane in presence of a catalyst to form
methylbenzene.

(i) Name the catalyst used. (½ mark)

……………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………
(ii) Outline a mechanism for the reaction (02 marks)
………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
6
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………
(b)
Write equations to show how methylbenzene can be converted to
benzene. (02 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
9. State what is observed and write equation for the reaction that takes place when
(a) Carbon dioxide was bubbled through a solution of manganate (VI) ions (03
marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Dilute sulphuric acid was added to copper (l) oxide (2 ½ marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
SECTION B

Answer six questions from this Section

9. Write equations to show how the following compounds can be synthesized.

(a) CH3CH CH2 from CH3 CO CH3 (2½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

7
 …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
COOCH3
(b) from (2 ½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
(a) CH3
C NNH NO2 from CH3CH2CH2OH.
CH3
NO2 (04 marks)

…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
10. (a) State three properties in which manganese differs from magnesium.
(1 ½
marks)
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

8
 …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
(b) Ammonium solution was added dropwise to an aqueous solution of a
manganese (II) salt until in excess.

(i) State what was observed. (1 ½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(ii) Write equation(s) for the reaction(s) that took place.
(02
marks)
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(c) Dilute sulphuric acid was added to a solution of potassium manganate
(VI).
(i) State what was observed. (1 ½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(ii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction that took place.
(1 ½
marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
11. Compound T contains 62.6% Tin, the rest being chlorine. (T = 190).

(a) Determine the molecular formula of T . (02 marks)

…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

9
 (b) Draw the structure and name the shape of the molecule of T.
(1 ½
marks)
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
(c) State the condition(s) and write equation for the reaction leading to
the formation of T.
(2 ½ marks)
Condition(s)
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
Equation Turn Over
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
(d) Write equation for the reaction between T and

(i) Water
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………
12. Complete the following equations and each case write the accepted
mechanism for the reaction.
Br
(a) CH3 C CH3 CH3O Na+ / CH3OH (03 marks)
CH3 Heat
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

10
 …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

conc. HNO3
(b) (03 marks)
conc. H2SO4
550C
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

CH3 H+ /H2O
(c) (03 marks)
warm

…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

13. (a) Define the term electrolytic conductivity. (01 mark)

…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
(b) The molar conductivity of silver nitrate, potassium nitrate and
potassium chloride are 133.4, 145.0 and 149.9Ω -1cm2mol-1
respectively at infinite dilution at 250C. Calculate the

11
 (i) Molar conductivity of silver nitrate at infinite dilution at 250 C.
(11/2
marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(ii) Solubility of silver chloride at 250C. (The electrolytic
conductivity of water and that of a saturated solution of silver
chloride are 1.6 X 10-8 and 3.41X 10-6 Ω-1cm-1. (1 ½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
Turn Over
…………………………………………………………………
(d) State how the solubility of silver chloride would change if its
saturated solution is treated separately with
(i) Aqueous sodium chloride (1/2 mark)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(ii) Concentrated ammonium solution (1/2 mark)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………

(e) Briefly explain your answer in (c). (03 marks)

…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
12
 …………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………
14. (a) Write equation for the reaction between water and

(i) Phosphorus (V) chloride (1½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(ii) Iron (III) chloride (1½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(iii) Disulphur dichloride (1½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(b) Write equation for the reaction between sodium hydroxide solution
and
(i) Zinc chloride (1½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(ii) Nitrogen dioxide (1½ marks)

13
 …………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
(iii) Aluminium oxide (1½ marks)

…………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………
15.(a) State three characteristics of chemical equilibrium (1 ½ marks)
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Hydrogen iodide decomposes on heating according to the equation

2HI(g) I2(g) + H2(g)
Write the expression for the equilibrium constant Kc (01 mark)
…………………………………………………………………………………

(c) 3.24g of hydrogen iodide were heated at 450oc in a glass bulb of volume 800
cm3 . When equilibrium was attained, the bulb was rapidly cooled to room
temperature and then broken under a solution of potassium iodide. The iodine
formed required 36.0cm3 of 0.2M sodium thiosulphate solution in the presence
of starch indicator for complete reaction.

(i) Explain why the bulb was rapidly cooled and broken under potassium iodide
solution

…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………

14
 (ii) Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kc for the reaction at 450oC.
(05 marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
16. (a)
20.0cm3 of 0.50M hydrochloric acid was added to 230cm 3 of water.
Calculate the pH of the resultant solution. (02 marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………
(b)
Calculate the mass of ammonium chloride that should be added to
1dm3 of a 0.1M ammonia solution at 250C to give a solution whose
pH is 8.7. State any assumptions made. (The base dissociation
constant, Kb =1.8 X 10-5 mol dm-3 at 250C. (5 ½ marks)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

15
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
(c) Few drops of aqueous sodium hydroxide were added to the solution in
(b).

(i) State what happened to the pH of the solution. (1/2 mark)

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Give a reason for your answer in (i) (01 mark)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

END

16
17