Relative pronouns

AIM: By the end of this lesson, Pps should be able to use relative pronouns appropriately

and to distinguish between them ( which, who, whom, that …)

Procedure

T writes the following example on the board

E.g. One of these books is Oliver Twist. Dickens published it in 1836

T. asks. How many sentences are there?

Pps . There are two.

T. Is there a repetition?

Pps ; Yes , the word book/ it

T. Relative pronouns are used as subjects and objects .Like other pronouns they join clauses together.

T. writes the same sentence with a relative pronoun

- One of these books is Oliver Twist which Dickens published it in 1836.

* The relative pronouns are:

Who: It is used as a subject (for people)

E.g. The man is wearing a blue shirt. He is our new boss.

T asks. Which word has been repeated?

Pps. The man / he

T. What is the function of the man in the 2nd sentence?

Pps . It is a subject.

- The man who is wearing a blue shirt is our new boss.

T. gives other Egs and asks Pps to give their own Egs.

Whom: Is used as object ( for people )

E.g. The lady is my teacher. You met the lady in the supermarket.

T. Which word has been repeated?

Pps. The lady.

T. What is its function? Pps. An object

- The lady whom you met in the supermarket is my teacher.

Which: Is used for objects and animals. It’s used:

1- as a subject.
E.g. The cat is on the table. It is mine.

T. asks the same questions.

- The cat which is on the table is mine.

2- as an object.

E.g. The house has a lovely garden . I bought it last month.

- The house which I bought last month has a lovely garden.

T. asks Pps to give examples with which as a subject / object.

That: It is the most common of relative pronouns, because it can replace who, whom, which.

E.g. The man that is wearing a blue shirt is my boss.

The cat that is on the table is mine.

The lady that you met in the supermarket.

Activity: Join the following sentences using a relative pronoun.

1)- The pupil is loved by all his teachers. He is clever.

The pupil who is loved by all his teachers is clever.

2)- I Know the man. He is your uncle.

I know the man who is your uncle.

3)- This is the girl .I met her yesterday.

This is the girl whom I met yesterday.

4) -I saw the car. It was on fire.

I saw the car which was on fire.

5)- The story is very interesting. You told me about it.

The story which you told me about it is very interesting.

6)- Men must help the poor. They are rich.

Men who are rich must help the poor.

4) Use ‘who’, ‘which’, or ‘whom’ to join sentences a and b in the table below. Make any necessary changes.
(63/5)

1- Charles Dickens was born on February 7, 1812 in Portsmouth, which is a naval town on the southern
coast of England.

2- Charles Dickens’ father was a clerk who worked for the Navy.

3- In 1814, Charles’ family moved to London, which was the financial and industrial centre of the world at
that time.
4- After that, his family moved to Chatham, which is a small town to the east of London.

5- When Charles was twelve, the police arrested his father whom he missed very much.

6- Dickens left school and went to work in a factory which was far from his home

7- He experienced the life of exploited children whom he portrayed in his books.

8- One of these books is Oliver Twist, which Dickens published in 1836.

1/ ‘Beside’ is a preposition of place which mean “next to” or “at the side of”

2/ ‘Besides’ is a link word which means “moreover” or “in addition”

5)Study the Reminder and fill in the blanks in the sentences below with ‘beside’ or ‘besides’. ( 64)

a- beside d- beside

b- besides e- besides

c- beside f- besides