unsuccessful people are not willing to do.” CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FOUR CONSISTS . . . • General information of Sample firms
• Data Presentation and Analysis
• Discussion (findings & Inferences from
data analysis). General information of Sample/firms.
In this section, the researcher has to describe
his/her respondents in general terms using demographic variables such as listed below:
• Respondents’ profile (Age, Gender,
Educational attainment, position in the organization, etc)
• Organizations’ profile (years of operation,
annual income, industry, number of full time and part time employees, etc.) Data analysis • After collection and preparation of data, these may now be subjected to the type of analysis identified by the researcher in chapter three.
• Data analysis involves reducing accumulated data to
a manageable size, developing summaries, looking for patterns and applying statistical techniques.
• The purpose of analysis is to reduce data to
interpretable form in order to answer the research questions. Data analysis- Descriptive Statistics Descriptive Statistics are data analysis techniques used to describe the basic features of the data in a study.
They provide simple summaries about the
sample and the measures.
Examples include percentages, frequency
distribution tables, graphs, etc.
Thus, with descriptive statistics you are
simply describing what is, what the data shows. Data analysis- Inferential Statistics • Inferential statistics—Help make decisions about – Null and research hypotheses – Generalizing from sample to population • Inferential statistics is used to infer from the sample data what the population thinks.
• Inferential statistics is also used to make
judgments of the probability that an observed difference between groups is a dependable one or one that might have happened by chance in this study. Discussion (Findings and inferences from data analysis) • The data presented in tabular and graphic form should be (1) interpreted and (2) discussed.
• Through discussion, the research furnishes
a detailed analysis of the data presented.
• Data must not only be presented and
discussed; they must be interpreted. This means an adequate exposition of the true meaning /implication of the material presented. Discussions of findings include the following:
– The meaning of what has been found
– Statement of inferences drawn from the
findings
– Implications and applications of findings
– Reasons for differences with other
research findings. • The presentation of analysis and results, should be based on the objectives of the study.