Ch-01

Electric charges & Fields

Lect-14

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 Today’s Goal

Gauss’s Law

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We have Studied:
Electric Flux (φ):
φ= 𝑬. 𝑨

φ = ‫𝒅 ׬‬φ=‫𝑬 ׬‬. 𝒅𝑨

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Gauss’s Law:
The total Electric Flux through a closed surface (3-D
Surface) is 1/∈o times the net charge enclosed by the
surface.

Feel?
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Q1) Find the net flux through CLOSED sphere.

+q R

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Q2)What if we consider a sphere of Radius 2R or R/2. Will the result be same?

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So Flux through Closed Surface do not Depend on size
of surface.

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 𝒒𝒊𝒏 𝒒𝒊𝒏
Φnet = Φnet = ‫𝑬 ׯ‬. 𝒅𝑨 =
∈𝒐 ∈𝒐

Note: 𝑬 is Electric Field at the Gaussian Surface, Not inside it

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Note: φ is also dependent of Shape of Closed Surface.

q q q q

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The Closed Surface is also termed as
Gaussian Surface.

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Keep charge q with sign in Gauss Law

+q
-q

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+ve Flux OutwardFlux
-ve Flux InwardFlux

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Important note:

q3
q1

q2

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 +Q

1 2

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Find the net flux through CLOSED sphere.

+Q

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Gaussian Surface is
Imaginary. There need not be
any material object at the
position of the surface.

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Q3)Figure shows a closed surface which intersects a conducting sphere. If a
positive charge is placed at the point P , the flux of the electric field through the
closed surface

a) Will remain zero

b) Will become positive
c) Will become negative
d) Will become undefined. Conducting Surface
Closed Surface

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Q4) Figure (a) shows an imaginary cube of edge L/2. A uniformly charged rod of
length L moves toward left at a small but constant speed v. At t=0, the left end of
the rod just touches the right face of the cube. Which of the graphs in Fig. (b)
represents the flux of the electric field through the cube as the rod goes through
it?
•+

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Q5) If the flux of the electric field through a closed surface is zero.

a) The electric field must be zero everywhere on the surface.

b) The electric field may be zero everywhere on the surface.
c) The net charge inside the surface must be zero.
d) The charge in the vicinity of the surface must be zero.

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Q6) An electric dipole is placed at a centre of sphere. Mark the correct option.

a) The flux of the electric field through the sphere is zero.

b) The electric field is zero at every point of the sphere.
c) The electric field is not zero anywhere on the sphere.
d) The electric field is zero on a circle on the sphere

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Conditions for drawing a Gaussian Surface

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Q7) A charge q is situated at the centre of an imaginary hemispherical surface, as
shown in Fig. Using Gauss’s Theorem and symmetry considerations, determine
the electric flux due to this charge through the hemispherical surface.

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Q8) A point charge q is placed at a distance a/2 from the centre of a square of
side a as shown in figure . Calculate the electric flux passing through the square.

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Q9) A charge Q is placed at the corner of a cube. The electric flux through all the
six faces of the cube is:

𝐐
a) 𝟑∈𝐨
𝐐
b) 𝟐𝟒∈𝐨
𝐐
c) 𝟖∈𝐨
𝐐
d) ∈𝐨

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 Thank You
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this session.

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