The Adjustments of SHS Students in the Now Normal of Education

A Thesis Proposal

Presented to the Faculty of the

San Rafael National Trade School, Senior High School Students

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for Practical Research 2

by

Rina Michaela E. Austria

Jeremy
John Claire DV. Canimo
Melannie B. Valondo
Guia Irish T. Igaya

ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
TITLE i
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii

LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv

LIST OF APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v

I. INTRODUCTION

The Problem and Its 1

Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Significance of the 2

Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Review of Related Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Theoretical 11

Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Conceptual 12

Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Statement of the 12

Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hypotheses of the 13

Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Scope and Delimitation of the 14

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

II. METHOD

Research 15

Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Participants and Sampling Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Instruments of the 16

Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Data Analysis and Statistical 19

Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Ethical Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

..
iii
CURRICULUM VITAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

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ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

iv

LIST OF FIGURES

Page

Figure 1: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A: Instruments of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Appendix B: Table of Specification/ Item Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Appendix C: Most Essential Learning Competencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Appendix D: Letter and Consent Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Appendix E: Sample Action Plan Proposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Appendix F: Communication with Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

The Problem and Its Background

In an article published by Child and Adolescent behavioral health, few years

ago before the pandemic happened, most students think that school is not only about

academic but also about socialization. Many friendships start in the first day of school

by interacting with their seatmates. Groups of friends chitchatting and roams around

the school campus on their break time. Many students used to join extracurricular
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

activities. Participating to this kind of activities students are able to develop new skills

and interest, socialize with other students, and it can increase their self-esteem.

As Covid-19 existed, students started to experience enormous workload. The

huge cases of Covid-19 gave a high impact to students mental health, especially to

those who have been experiencing anxiety and depression.

Senior year aims to prepare the students for their college life, when the

government declared and ordered no to open face to face classes to prevent the spread

of Covid-29 virus, the expected graduation of senior high school students were

cancelled. During the pandemic, senior high students missed all the once in a lifetime

experiences.

In the now normal of education, many students were afraid to socialize to others

as there still a fear that they might get infected of this virus or they were afraid to

socialize as they locked up to their houses for almost two years.

The unexpected announcement of shifting to online learning made an impact to

all students and teachers especially to all students who are financially unstable.

According to Magsambol (2020), there is a clear disparity between those who can

afford the resources to use the new education platform and those who cannot.

Educational institutions introduced remote learning as a substitute remedy at the

height of the pandemic. To quick response and technique seeks to lessen the closure

while continuing to provide high-quality instruction.

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

The pandemic caused and made a huge impact not only to the health sectors but

also to all educational sectors. This caused a tighter measure for education institutions

in maintaining their operations regardless of the impending risk. As stated by

Kasrekar (2020), one of the basic problems seen is the performance of classes in spite

of the closure order. The disciplined learning modalities challenged both teachers and

the students as they still need to adjust to the new learning styles given the

Department of Education.

The transition from blended learning to pure face-to-face classes is one of the

biggest change among all students. Tumapon (2020), the shift to online learning was

to sudden at a very short notice but academic institutions have to strategize and

accelerate new forms of teaching pedagogy, although it is not surprising that students

have risk to new learning modalities students learn at their own way.

The students and those implementing the system are still in an experiment to

adapt it. The process may take a longer time but it new the end if might give a vision

and determination. Continue to reevaluate which one’s may work the best for students

based on the setting, circumstances and educational requirements of the students.

Significance of the Study

This research will provide new perspectives on the adjustments in the now normal of

education. These study will benefit the following:

Students. The result of this study may encourage them to boost their self-

esteem. This also may guide them in their academic performances and help them

manage their time.

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

Teachers. Through this research, the teachers may be able to help their

students in adjusting to the now normal of education and keep with the changes which

continuously arise.

Parents. This study may convince parents to help their children to surpass the

challenges they had been encountered.

Academic Institutions. The outcome of this research may give them ideas and

they may promote programs regarding adjustments that the students face.

Future Researchers. The result of this study can be used for the future study

of the adjustments of several changes in the now normal of education.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

The information given in this section aids readers to become familiar with

topics that are significant and similar to the present research.

According to (Cohen et al., 2020), not just environmental factors, like the features of

the host country, but also more dynamic factors, like the continuing corona-virus pandemic,

are among the stresses that have an impact on students' adjustment and cross-cultural

transition. Psychologists had projected that students would experience social exclusion,

xenophobic sentiments, and an increase in ethnic and cultural prejudice as a result of the

pandemic-related health crisis and host country residents' fear of the virus.

Children worldwide, particularly in Japan, have been negatively affected

psychologically as a result of the COVID-19 epidemic, with increased depression,

anxiety, and suicide among them. To successfully lessen the pandemic's harmful

impacts on Japanese children, it is important to understand the culturally unique

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

psychological consequences on Japanese children, including age and gender

disparities, as well as associated risk and protective variables. (Ishimoto et., Al.2022)

The majority of students experienced different learning modalities for the first

time other than the traditional ones throughout this class typical classroom instruction.

Students were required to learn new technology in addition to social and emotional

intelligence The likelihood of getting mental illness is increased by these extra

pressures. (Panchal et al., 2021)

According to Golberstein et al., (2020), since many children's mental health

support systems have historically been in schools, school closures could have a

particularly negative impact on children's mental health. (Golberstein et al., 2020)

According to Rooij, Jansen, and Grift (2017) knowing how various

motivational and behavioral factors affect academic adjustment and the degree to

which academic adjustment promotes student achievement is crucial given the critical

role that academic adjustment plays in ensuring that students succeed is significant.

According to Everitt (2020), keeping open lines of communication with stakeholders

on the progress of a newly adopted program is crucial.

Ishimoto et Al. (2022) stated that school adjustment is a key contributor to

children's cognitive and emotional development and an important predictor for

children's psychological well-being.

On the previous studies of Chui and Chan (2017), they found out that better

school adjustment is significantly related to reduced risk of depression and anxiety

disorders.
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

As reported by Bozkurt (2020), the main distinction between the two is that

while distance education is a planned, optional activity that is based on theoretical and

practical knowledge, ERE is a required, crisis-response mode of education that is

implemented using all available resources, including offline and/or online tools.

Karalis (2020) said that it is important to examine the implications that have

emerged for the day after normalcy has been restored, including what changes need to

be made, the severity of the situation, and how to define the fundamental elements of

education and learning in formal education systems and organizations in the face of

disruptions to the educational process.

Williamson (2013) noted that the curriculum of the future is not defining

content and official expertise are the only requirements. It is about creating, sculpting,

and finessing identities, mentalities, and minds, encouraging a particular way of

thinking about others, or"Mashing up" and "making up" people's future.

The assertion made by Melad (2016) that using the "Quadratic”, it has been

shown in the "Function" module that employing a modular teaching approach

improves student progress. The use of the module as a corrective teaching technique

has increased student achievement. Student achievement level in relation to the

traditional teaching approach.

Ancheta & Ancheta (2020) claimed that learning on the part of the students is

a radical change in the new normal, whether it be through offline classrooms with

independent learning or online lessons using a platform. Due of their accustomed

face-to-face interactions with teachers, kids will find it challenging to abruptly adapt
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

to the new method. It necessitates adequate orienting and acclimating to the new

standard. Encourage the students to adopt the new teaching method and comprehend

the teachings at their own pace with the help of their parents or other guardians.

As Tarek (2016) stressed that as distance learning implies high level of

interaction between the instructor and students, the teacher must tackle learning

challenges that students can encounter taking into account the specific needs of the

students in terms of their learning styles.

According to the researchers findings the students adjustments can lessen the

risk of having negative academic performances and negative mental health.The

researchers are hoping that the proposed study would contribute greater understanding

of how do students adjust in this now normal of education.

Theoretical Framework

This study is supported by Bean and Eaton’s Psychological Theory (2002).

According to Bean and Eaton’s Theory student's previous and future experiences and

psychological qualities and attributes also play a critical role on successful social and

academic integration to allow for successful transitions. Bean and Eaton (2002) have

developed the 'Psychological Model of Student Retention' based on the theory that a

student enters an institution with psychological attributes shaped by particular

experiences, abilities and self-assessments.

Prior to entering the school setting, an individual's self-efficacy assessments

(level of confidence that they can perform well in the school environment), normative

beliefs (opinions and advice of significant people on enrolling in a student ’s

education), and past behavior are the most crucial psychological factors (appropriate

academic and social experiences to succeed in the university). The student undergoes
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

a number of psychological processes and self-evaluations once they are in an

academic setting. Students may feel lost, unsatisfied, anxious, depressed, isolated, and

pressured due to environmental changes such as social changes and the expectations

of the new academic environment. Thus, students must go through a variety of

psychological processes, the most crucial of which are those involving locus of

control, coping behavior, and self-efficacy (the degree to which a student believes that

he or she will succeed in a task) (the extent to which the students view their past

outcomes and experiences to be caused by internal or external forces). Coping

mechanisms and an internal locus of control are established as intellectual and social

self-efficacy rises. As a result, the student can now feel more confident, highly

motivated, and internally attributed, as well as find conditions to be less stressful.

This paradigm identifies individual psychological mechanisms to relate social

and academic engagement. Increased self-efficacy, internalized locus of control, and

coping strategies are said to be essential psychological processes. Despite the fact that

this model was initially created to help students stay in school, it might be helpful for

examining the psychological mechanisms that can ease student adjustments

Conceptual Framework

The figure below depicts the context of the study. It will identify the different

adjustments made by the respondents with the switch from blended learning to face-

to-face learning modality where restrictions come along with it due to the reality that

COVID-19 is yet to be an endemic

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

Figure 1: The Paradigm of the Study

Statement of the Problem

The primary objective of the study is to identify any adjustments that SHS

students of San Rafael National Trade School have encounter with the sudden shift

from blended learning and face-to--face modality that comes with restrictions.

It will provide answers to the following questions below:

1. How may the level of students’ adjustment be described?

2. What are the major adjustments of the students in the now normal of

education in terms of:

2.1 Time Management

2.2 Socialization

2.3 Learning

Definition of Terms

Now Normal. The terms has no definitive meaning it has been assumed by

many to be a more technology driven teaching and learning in a post Covid context.

Adjustment. Condition of a person who is able to adapt to changes in their

physical occupational and social environment.

Socialization. The process whereby an individual learns to adjust to a group (or

society).
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

Time management. Is the coordination of tasks and activities to maximize

the effectiveness of an individual’s efforts.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study primarily focus on identifying the adjustments of the students in the

now normal of education. In this study, a total of one hundred (100) senior high

school students of San Rafael National Trade School will be selected as the study’s

respondent during the academic year 2022-2023.

The overall objective of the research is to point out the adjustments made by the

students and describe the level of their adjustment.

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION 15

CHAPTER II

METHOD

This chapter presents the discussion of the research design to which the study

will adhere to, the method to be used so as to obtain factual and necessary data from

the respondents, as well as the instrument, and the manner by which the data will be

obtained.

Research Design

A survey design was used for this descriptive quantitative research study

investigating the adjustments and level of adjustment of Senior High School students.

Specifically, this study will utilize a non-experimental survey research design, using

questionnaires with the intent of generalizing from a sample to a population.

According to Creswell (2013), several advantages for using questionaire

methods include (a) surveys are relatively economical; (b) the turnaround in data

collection is fast; (c) they are useful in describing the characteristics of a large

population; and (d) as a result, large samples are practical, making the results

statistically important even when examining multiple variables.

Participants and Sampling Procedure

The respondents of the study will be the SHS students at San Rafael National

Trade School during this now normal of education, presently enrolled for the school

year 2022-2023. The researchers will observe the use of simple random sampling

(probability sampling technique) among the SHS students.

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

Probability sampling involves principle of randomization that is random

selection or chance.This sampling method assures that the researchers randomly

selects a subset of participants from a population.

Instruments of the Study

This study will utilize three sets of instruments which will determine the

possible adjustments of senior high school students on the now normal of education.

The researchers will use questionnaire as their instrument with subparts to help the

researchers to collect the needed data. The first part consist of respondent's profile

while the second part will be composed of rating scale questions where the

respondents need to rate the given question based on how they feel about it. The last

part will contain the Likert Scale to obtain the level of adjustments of the respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers personally delivered the copies of the questionnaire to the

SHS students at San Rafael National Trade School . The researcher provided the

details to aid the respondents in completing the questions while delivering the letter

and copies of the instrument. A questionnaire on the adjustments of SHS student in

the now normal will be given to the participants. After going through the test their

scores will be derived as such, their level of students’ adjustment will be identified.

On the same day that they were completed, the questionnaires were retrieved. The

results of the questionnaires that were located were tallied. The most suitable

statistical method was then used to evaluate and interpret the data.

Data Analysis and Statistical Treatment

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

After the researchers collected and analyzed the data, they were properly

coded in preparation for the computation.

The following statistical for the tools were used:

1. Mean is the sum of all the numbers and divided by how many numbers there are,

where is the summation of all sample and n is the population size.

2. Percentage is a rate, number, or amount in each hundred where x is the sample and

n are is population size.

3. Proportion P is a parameter that describes a percentage value associated with a

population where 7 is the sample and n is the population size.

Ethical Considerations

This study is in accordance with the ethical standards of American

Psychological Association Ethics Code which is the basis for conducting research in

the social sciences discipline.

It will adhere to the set privacy and confidentiality of the data to be gathered

from the participants. The researcher will make sure that no participant will be

coerced to take part in the study, rather, voluntary participation will be put into
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

emphasis in the selection of the respondents. Moreover, the scope, limitation, purpose,

and the context of the materials to be used will be discussed to the participants. The

researcher will ask permission from the participants and as well their parents or

guardian thru a letter and consent forms that will be duly signed by them. The

researcher will make sure that all data will be kept secured and safe to keep the

privacy and confidentiality of the information to be gathered so as not to risk the

participants of the study.

CURRICULUM VITAE
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION

MICHELLE L. CAMBRI
27 Balagtas-BMA, San Rafael, Bulacan

Educational Attainment

Graduate Studies Baliuag University

Baliuag, Bulacan
Master of Arts in Education
Major in English

Tertiary St. Paul University Philippines

Secondary St. Paul University Philippines
Elementary Iraga Elementary School

Eligibility Licensed Professional Teacher

Personal Information

Date of Birth April 20, 1992

Age 29

Height 152 cm

Weight 49 kg

Nationality Filipino

Civil Status Married

Awards and Achievements

ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION
ADJUSTMENT OF SHS STUDENTS TO THE NOW NORMAL OF EDUCATION 20