● Cybernetic System: -

Input Process Output

Environment

Feed Back / Control

System
System Boundary

A system may be defined as set of elements which are joint together to achieve a common
objective. The elements are interrelated or interdependent.

When feedback & control element is attached to any system, to make itself regulating &
self-monitoring it is known as a cybernetic system. A manmade example of a cybernetic system is
that of an air conditioning system which automatically monitors& regulates itself to maintain a
desired temperature on the basis of feedback it gets from the environment. A system cannot exist
in a vacuum, rather it exist & functions in an environment. However it is separated from the
environment by its boundaries.

Several systems may share the same environment some of these may be connected to
each other by means of shared boundary. A system which interacts with the environment &
exchange input & output with it is known as open system, where as a system which does not
interact or exchange any of its input or output with its environment is called a close system.