~ENGINEER’S QUESTIONS & ANSWERS: ~

1) WHAT IS A CLASS ‘’A’’ FIRE?

A class ‘’A’’ fire involves combustible material such as paper, wood, cloth and
Rubber;
2) WHAT TYPE OF EXTINGUISHER IS USED ON CLASS ‘A’’ FIRE?
Type of extinguisher to use soda acid, pressure water, FOAM, DRY powder and CO 2
3) WHAT IS CLASS ‘’B’’ FIRE?
A class ‘’B’’ fire involves oils, fats, hydrocarbons and any inflammable liquid.

4) NAME TWO (2) TYPES OF EXTINGUISHERS SUITABLE FOR A CLASS ‘‘B’’ FIRE?
Type of extinguisher to use foam and dry powder;
5) WHAT IS A CLASS ‘’C’’ FIRE?
A class ‘’C’’ fire involves electrical cables and motors.
6) NAME AT LEAST TWO (2) TYPES THAT CAN BE USED ON CLASS ‘’C’’ FIRE?
Type of extinguisher to use dry powder and CO2
7) NAME ONE TYPE OF EXTINGUISHER THAT CANNOT BE USED ON A CLASS ‘’C’’
FIRE?
On a class ‘’C’’ fire do not use water extinguisher.
8) WHAT IS STANDARD LENGTH OF A FIRE HOSE?
Standard length of fire hose 60 feet or 20 meters
9) WOULD YOU FIND A WATER EXTINGUISHER IN THE GALLEY?
No
10) HOW OFTEN SHOULD A FOAM EXTINGUISHER BE RECHARGED?
Every six months.
11) CAN YOU USE A FIRE HOSE TO WASH DOWN DECK AND ACCOMMODATION?
No, use special rubber hose provided for the purpose.
12) HOW MANY FIRE HOSES FITTED AND LOCATION?
Two hoses Located, one in engine room and on deck.
(On the ‘’JANA 2’’OR ’’KHISAIS 1’’)
13) GIVE THREE BASIC WAYS OF FIGHTING A FIRE?
Fire triangle: fuel, heat and remove any two successfully and fire is extinguished.

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14) DISCRIBE HOW TO OPERATE A 10 LITRE UPRIGHT FOAM EXTINGUISHER?
Read the instruction LABLE supplied with each unit and be familiar with-
Method of operation and method of unshipping.
15) GIVE THE DATE WHEN FOAM EXTINGUISHER MUST BE RECHARGED?
Foam extinguishers must recharged every six months, check inspection tag for
Date
16) WHAT SIGNAL IS GIVEN FOR ABANDON SHIP?
Ship alarm 7 short and followed by one long, one short is less than 2seconds and One long is
less than 6 seconds and verbal instruction from the master.
17) WHAT SIGNAL IS GIVEN FOR FIRE ALARM?
Continuous ringing of general alarm bells
18) HOW OFTEN SHOULD FIRE AND BOAT DRILL BE CONDUCTED?
Every four teen days
19) ON A SCBA SET WHEN WHISTLE SOUNDS, WHAT IS ITS MEANING?
On a self contained breathing air set, whistle indicates low pressure in cylinder
(Scot air pack bell rings).
20) HOW LONG DOES A STANDARD BA AIR BOTTLE LAST?
A stand bottle lasts about 30 minutes depending on rate of using air.
21) HOW LONG SHOULD ONE WAIT BEFORE SHUTTING DOWN THE ENGINE ROOM
AND INERT, AFTER FIRE HAS STATED?
As soon it is realized that the fire cannot be extinguished, close All fire dampers, close fuel
shut-off valves and sound alarm, flood engine room With CO2 or HALOM depending on
system and wait, cool BULHEADS if at all possible.
22) HOW LONG SHOULD ONE WAIT AFTER INERTING THE ENGINE ROOM, BEFORE
RE-ENTRY?
Wait at least 30 minutes and slowly open the vents, do not enter engine rooms
Without a SCBA set or scot air pack with a safety line
23) WITH REFERENCE TO VESSEL YOU ARE NOW SERVING ON, GIVE THE
FOLLOWING DETAILS?
1) Draft of vessel on summer load line (SLL) (FEET)?
2) Breadth (FEET)?
3) Depth MOULDED (FEET)?
4) Main deck area (square feet)?

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 5) Gross registered tonnage (tons)?
6) Speed at 100% MCR (fully loaded to SLL)?
OBTAIN DETAILS ON VESSEL.
24) WHAT MANUFACTURER OF MAIN ENGINE FITTED AND THE POWER AT 100%
MCR?
Obtain Details On Vessel.
25) TYPE OF GENERATOR, NUMBER AND POWER RATING?
Check on vessel for details.
26) DISCRIBE THE MAINTENANCE GIVEN TO FIRE EXTINGUISHER AND METHOD OF
RECHARGE!
Check the safety tag to ensure that inspected within the last 3 months and have
Been recharged within the last 6 months, (Done Ashore By Fire Department).
27) WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF ACTION TO BE TAKEN AFTER A FIRE HOSE HAS BEEN
USED?
With a canvas hose leave to dry by hanging then RESTOW with a rubber lines hose Restow
immediately for further use.
28) HOW MANY LIFE BUOY RINGS ARE FITTED ON YOUR VESSEL AND LOCATION?
On the ‘’JANA 2’’ OR ‘’KHUSSAIS 1’’ four are fitted, check location.
29) HOW DO YOU IDENTIFY A LIFE BUOY RING AS BELONGING TO YOUR VESSEL?
By name of vessel and port of registry;
30) WHAT IS FITTED OR ATTACHED TO A LIFE BUOY RING?
A self igniting light and a flare (self igniting)
31) GIVE THE LENGTH OF LINE FITTED TO LIFE BUOY RINGS?
30 meters in case of ‘JANA2’’ and ‘’KHUSAIS 1’’.
32) WHY IT IS NECESSARY TO CARRY OUT MAINTENANCE TO ENGINE?
In order to prolong the life of the engine and ensure trouble free operation.
33) WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF LUBRICATING OIL IN ENGINE?
a. To provide boundary lubrication when engine stopped.
b. To remove excess head generated during operation of engine.
c. To provide a protective film of oil when engine running, to reduce friction and wear on
engine parts.
34) HOW CAN LUBRICATING OIL IN ENGINES BY USED FOR LONG PERIODS WITH
BEING RENEWED?
In small high speed engines change oil every 30 hours to 500 hours is considered Normal,
with a caterpillar 3306 down engine must change at the most 300 hours Due to fact that the
governor is operated from the same three months, or Required.

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35) ON A HIGH SPEED ENGINE WHAT IS THE NORMAL OPERATING FRESH WATER
TEMPERATURE?
On a high speed engine the considered fresh water temperature is 80 to 85
Centi Grade
36) WHAT ALARMS ARE FITTED TO ENGINES TO GIVE WARNING OF DEFECT?
High fresh water temperature, low lubricating oil pressure is the minimum a panel May be
installed which has additional alarms such as no fresh water flow, low Sump level, HIGH
EXHAUST temperature lubricating oil differential pressure across Filters.
37) WHAT WILL SHUT DOWN ENGINE IN CASE OF DEFECT?
An engine will shut down on high fresh water temperature, low lubricating oil
Pressure, over speed, high crank case pressure, high bearing temperature if fitted, High crank
case temperature, crank case mist detector are a few examples.
38) WHAT IS THE USE OF AN OILY WATER SEPARATOR?
An oily water separator is to remove oil from a oily water mixture to prevent
Contamination of the sea fitted with a 15 PPM monitor, if the oil content of the Discharged
water Exceed the specified limit and alarm will sound.
39) WHAT IS IT NECESSARY TO COOL ENGINES?
To ensure that fixed metal and rotating parts of engines do not over heat.
40) SOME ENGINES HAVE TURBO CHARGERS, WHAT IS A TURBO?
To supply additional air to engine and increase the power per cylinder hence Engine output;
41) WHEN PISTON RINGS BECOME WORN, WHAT SIGNS SHOULD ONE LOOK FOR?
If piston rings on engines become worn engines stars to burn lubricating oil,
Oil becomes carbonized quickly, pressure exists in crank case, inlet and exhaust Valves starts
to foul up, exhaust becomes blue due to burning lubricating oil, Engine difficult to starts in
cold weather, low power on cylinders, with a two Stroke can examine through the scavenge
ports, slack rings in grooves, signs of Blow past, scoring of liners, broken piston rings,
fouling of scavenge spaces. Exhaust manifold carbonized with exhaust ports on cylinder
heads.
42) DISCRIBE THE METHOD OF PREPARING THE VESSEL FOR OPERATION!
Make detailed notes on the vessel you are serving on, relating to method of Starting generators,
main engines, checks of engines, checks on fuel tanks for Water and sufficient fuel, air
compressors, pumps and other essential equipment.
43) COOLING WATER TREATMENT IS USED IN THE FRESH WATER SYSTEM OF
ENGINES, EXPLAIN WHY?
Cooling water treatment is used in engine fresh water systems to prevent build. Up of scale on
steel surfaces and to prevent corrosion to ferrous and non ferrous Metals, essential that the
correct concentration is maintained others will be Ineffective.

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44) AN ENGINE IS RUNNING AND THE COOLING WATER TEMPERATURE RISES,
WHAT ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN?
When the cooling temperature rises on an engine it is essential to reduce the load-If possible to
prevent damage to engine with a generator, start standby machine And change over to machine
just started, and stop machine that is overheating, With main engine advice the master and
make speed adjustments consistent With safety of vessel, try to find out the reason for
temperature rises and correct If may not be possible to stop main engine and anchor due to
location and Regulations in force for the area;
45) THE VESSEL IS GROUNDED, WHAT ACTION IS TAKEN YOU THECHIEF ENGINEER?
When a vessel has grounded, the time of the incident must be agreed with the Master and the
related data entered into the engine room LOG book, a full Inspection of vessel must be
carried out and all tanks sounded and bilges checked For signs of any water ingress, if water
ingress has OCCOURED, bilge pump must be Started to keep the water ingress under
control, attempts must be made to stem The water ingress by using timber and wedges and
any material such as pillow Cases to form, a seal, only as a last resort use a wooden plug, this
method might Make the situation worse not better.
46) THE VESSEL STRIKES AN UNDERWATER OBJECT, WHAT ACTION IS TAKEN?
When a vessel has hit an underwater object the same basic approach is taken as For
45, NOTE: if any vibration exists when engine started if in doubt do not run Engine as
damage may have occurred to shafting or propellers or rudder system.
47) WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF AN ENGINE ROOM LOG BOOK, WHAT DATA
SHOULD BE RECORDED?
The engine room LOG book is used to record among other items, full details of Fuel, water,
lubricants and other liquids remaining each noon, running hours of Engines and other
equipment with operating parameters, incidents and full Maintenance carried out, should be
signed daily by the engineer, all entries must Be in pen and any corrections signed.
48) DISCRIBE THE PROCEDURE FOR DONNING A SCBA SET AND WHAT IS THE
PRESSURE OF AIR IN A FULL CYLINDER, HOW LONG WILL IT LAST UNDER
NORMAL CIRCUMSTANCES?
See separate sheet supplied with the loss prevention Programme.
Breathing apparatus:
 By pass valve full close (clock wise).
 Main valve full open (press & anti clock wise)
 Try master for any leakage
 Put on SCBA over head
 Tight regulator belt
 Tightened p/s belt

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  Tightened lower belt
 Open CYL valve
 Put on masker
 Connect hose masker to regulator
 ‘’on’’ regulator valve
 Maximum one (1) minute
49) WHAT MAINTENANCE IS GIVEN TO A FIRE ALARM SYSTEM WITH THE MAIN
PANEL BEING LOCATED ON THE BRIDGE?
With a central fire alarm the alarm is tested daily at noon if possible, subject, to Operational
requirements use smoke to test the detector heads once month and check Panel for correct
operation it is essential that the alarm panel is on at all times to ensure That should a fire start
all crew will be given sufficient warning to tackle and extinguisher, Never out, false alarms
can occur in engine rooms due to lagging over heating the galley Due to hot fat.
50) WHEN THE FIRE ALARM SOUNDS, WHAT ACTION IS TAKEN?
When the alarm sounds, entire ship’s Crew go to emergency stations and await Further
Instructions
52) WHAT CHECKS ARE MADE ON HAND TOOLS TO ENSURE SAFE TO USE?
Tools should be checked to ensure that they are safe for the intended usage. Open ended
spanners for loose fit on nuts, hammers heads secure, Chisels no Mushrooms on hitting end,
cutting edge sharp must rooms on hitting end, cutting Harp and in good condition, ring
spanners good fit on correct size nuts, any item That is suspect should not be used.
53) LIFTING EQUIPMENT AND OTHER RELATED ITEMS SHOULD BE CHECKED EVERY
MONTH, EXPLAIN METHODS OF EXAMINATION?
Lifting equipment should be checked monthly for any signs of damage. Sling and strops for
frayed strands and kinks, on the eye the wire should not be Flattened or as stated frayed, chain
blocks must have a hook with a safety device Which prevents slipping off of slings or
shackles, If a chain block slips or jams due to a defect, do not use and report on required
Form attention of Saudi ARAMCO.
54) FUEL SHUT OFF VALVES ARE FITTED ON VESSEL EXPLAIN REASONWHY,
METHOD OF EXAMINATION AND TESTING AND ROUTINE MAINTENANCE?
Fuel shut-off valves located on fuel tanks are used to shut the fuel off engines in Case of
emergencies such as a ruptured fuel line on engines, fire in engine room, They should be
tested monthly and recorded in engine in engine room LOG book.
55) WHAT IS A DEAD SHIP STARTING SYSTEM, AND WHY INSTALLED?
Function of dead ship starting system is to activate vessel when no generators are Running on
‘’JANA 2 AND KHURAIS 1’’ is battery to start generator, which can be put Onto dead
switchboard, when vessel has power then all other systems can be Reactivated

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56) WHEN A FIRE EXTINGUISHER IS ACTIVATED, WHAT IS CAUSE OF ACTION TO BE
TAKEN?
When a fire extinguisher is used it must be reported to Saudi ARAMCO and Replaced with a
replacement unit soonest.
57) WHAT SHUT DOWN DEVICES ARE FITTED TO A NORMAL REFRIGERATION
PLANT?
On a standard refrigeration system three safety devices are fitted, low suction Pressure
(should be set at about 0.4 to 60 depending on systems), high discharge Pressure (adjusted to
suit system) and low lubricating system about 2 to 3 kg Depending on compressor and
system.
58) WHY ARE HIGH AND LOW SEA SUCTIONS FITTED ON VESSEL AND WHEN
USED?
High and low suctions are fitted to ensure that the sea water is off good quality, For cooling
engines and supplying services to vessel, when vessel enters shallow Water can suck in mud
and sand for example due to propeller action and Disturbance of sea bed, in such
Circumtances change over to high sea suction to Ensure no difficulties consult with the
master on such matters, it is considered Normal practice to change over to high suction in
following circumstances may Exist in which it is suitable to use high sea suction such as oil
pollution on the Surface
59) WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE EMERGENCY BILGE SUCTION?
The emergency bilge suction is connected in some cases to the main engine sea Water
cooling pump if fitted, to prevent build up of water in engine room if Engine room is holed
due to grounding.
60) DISCRIBE THE BILGE SYSTEM FITTED ON VESSEL?
Check your vessel and make a detailed sketch.
61) FRESH WATER AND SANITARY SYSTEM USE HYDROPHORE TANKS, EXPLAIN
WHY?
The HYDROPHORE tank is used to ensure that the pump does not run Continuosly, Provided
a buffer to enable pump to start and stop the pump at a present Pressure, filled with air to an
acceptable level, if excess air is put into system then Possible that air May enter pump, and
loose suction as a result.
62) WHERE ARE THE BILGE HIGH LEVEL ALARMS LOCATED AND METHOD OF
TESTING?
Bilge alarms as the name implies give advance warning of liquids building up on The tank
top; check in vessel for details.
63) WHEN TAKING BUNKERS WHAT PRECAUTIONS ARE TAKEN?
When taking bunker:

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 a) Take sounding and determine amount of fuel on.
b) Working on A 95% capacity in each tank calculate amount of fuel that can be safety.
c) Ensure that the rules as per the loss prevention PROGRAMME is out.
d) Have good communications between vessel and vessel or shore installation delivering
the fuel.
e) The scuppers must be plugged at all times to prevent pollution of the sea or
HARBOUR.
f) Fully check the fuel system and ensure correct valves open for the intended operation,
when changing over tanks ensure that the next tank is opened before closing the full
tank, slow in adequate time to prevent any over flow either in engine room deck.
g) When BUNKERING completed agree the amount of fuel received and close all
valves.
64) IF THE FREQUENCY OF THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM VARIES FROM THE NORMAL,
GIVE POSSIBLE REASON!
If electrical frequency fluctuates from normal, possible reasons, generator defect (Fuel filter,
governor, loose connections are a few examples) The engine may be operating at maximum
load and any large in load results in Engine speed reduction.
65) THE MAIN ENGINE IS UNABLE TO GIVE FULL POWER, GIVE POSSIBLE REASONS?
If the main engine is not giving full power, possible reasons engine defects or an Over load
due propeller defect (rope around shaft or propeller)*
66) WHAT IS CELL COOLING?
Keel cooling is a system in which the engine fresh water passes through channels On the
underside if hull and cooled by the sea water which is on the outside of Channels, time a
separates pump is used for water Circumlation.
67) ON A BILGE / BALLAST PUMP WHAT PRECAUTIONS ARE TAKEN TO PREVENT
OIL FROM BEING DISCHARGED?
With a bilge / ballast pump it is essential to ensure that the bilge suction valves are Isolated to
prevent any dirty bilge water from entering the pump and over board Resulting in
contamination of the harbor and the sea*
68) BEFORE ENTERING ANY TANK OR VOID SPACE WHAT SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
ARE TAKEN?
Before any void tank or tanks are entered for repair and examination they must be Ventilated
and tested by a qualified person before entry ship’s crew or repair staff, During the period that
any person is in the tank A SCBA set must be available at The entrance for emergency use
with a man standing by.
69) NO LUBRICATING OIL IS ADDED TO THE SUMP OF AN ENGINE FOR AN
EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME, GIVE POSSIBLE REASONS?

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 All engines use a certain amount of lubricating oil even a new engine if no oil is Added to
engine it is possible that the oil is being replaced by either fuel oil, water Due internal leaks
must make a check to find the reason for contamination, once Source of contamination has
been found, essential to rectify defect before engine Is put back into service.
70) ENGINE CRANK CASE BREATHER PIPES ARE FITTED FOR WHAT REASON?
The crank case breather pipe is to prevent a pressure build up due to evaporation Of oil, if the
breather pipe becomes blocked then excess pressure can build up with Leaking of seals not
designed to withstand high pressure, also the gauze fitted to Breather pipe must be checked at
regular intervals to ensure not blocked.
71) WATER TIGHT DOORS ARE FITTED ON MAIN DECK FOR WHAT REASON,
DISCRIBE THE METHOD OF EXAMINATION AND TESTING!
Water tight doors are fitted on main deck to prevent any water entering enclosed Spaces, to
test a water tight door enter the space and have the door closed Correctly if any daylight can
be seen examine reason why, maybe due to defective Seal or the dogs may require to be made
tight (loose), another method is to hose Test the door.
72) WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF AN EARTH DETECTOR ON A SWITCHBOARD, WHAT
IS THE EXPECTED READING IN NORMAL CIRCUMTANCES?
Earth lamps are fitted to be able to observe if any electrical equipment is to Ground, can
consist of either lamps or a meter with a pointer. On the system using earth lamps all lights
must be of equal intensity if uneven or On light out this means that an earth exists on a on one
phase of a three system, With a meter reading of infinity is ideal but less than IMEGA ohm
essential to find Which circuit is grounded and rectify defect, if more than one fault exists the
More care is needed to defect to detect fault.

~ The end ~

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