Excr

etor
ypr
oduct
sandt
hei
rel
i
minat
ion DPP-
No-
01

1. Thepr ocessofexcr eti

oni nv olves
(
A)r emov al ofusef ulsubst ancesf rom t hebody
(
B)r emov al ofmet abolicwast ef rom t hebody
(
C)r emov al oft hesubst anceswhi chhav eneverbeenusedbyt hebody
(
D)by pr oduct sr emov alformeddur i
ngusef ulactivi
tiesinthebody
2. Ani mal saccumul ateswast el ikeur ea, uricaci
d, , i
onslike , , , phosphate,sul
phat
e,
etc.
,by
(
A)met abol icact i
v iti
es
(
B)excessi ngest ion
(
C)excr etion
(
D)Bot h( a)and( b)
3. Or deroft oxi cityamongammoni a,areaandur icacid( from lowertohi gher)is
(
A)ur icaci d<ur ea<ammoni a
(
B)ur i
caci d<ammoni a<ur ea
(
C)ur ea<ur i
caci d<ammoni a
(
D)ammoni a<ur ea<ur icaci d
4. Amongammoni a, ur i
caci dandur ea; whi choneneedst heleastamountofwat ert
oexcrete?
(
A)Ammoni a
(
B)Ur icaci d
(
C)Ur ea
(
D)Bot h( b)and( c)
5. Amongammoni a, ur i
caci dandur ea, whi chonei sthemostsol uble'?
(
A)Ammoni a
(
B)Ur icaci d
(
C)Bot h( a)and( b)
(
D)Ur ea
6. Aquat icani mal sexcr eteammoni a.Whi choft hef ol
lowi ngstatement sdoesnotsuppor tthisst
atement?
(
A)Ammoni ai seasi l
ysol ublei nwat er
(
B)Ammoni ai sr el easedf rom t hebodyi ngaseousst ate
(
C)Ammoni ai shi ghlytoxi candneedst obeel i
mi natedasandwhenf ormed
(
D)Ammoni aget sconv ertedi ntol esst oxicform cal l
edur eaandur i
cacid
7. Inur eot elicani mal s, ammoni apr oducedbymet abolism isconv er
tedi ntoareain
(
A)ki dney
(
B)liv er
(
C)spl een
(
D)lungs
8. Whi choft hef ollowi ngor gani sm i s/areammonot el
ic?
(
A)Aquat icamphi bians
(
B)Bonyf ishes
(
C)Mammal s
(
D)Bot h( a)and( b)
9. Excr et ionofni trogenouspr oduct si nthesemi solidfor misper f
ormedby
(
A)ammonot elicor ganisms
(
B)ur eot elicor gani sms
(
C)ur icot eli
cor gani smssi n
(
D)Al l oft heabov e
10.Whyt er restrial or gani sm excr et elessert oxicnitrogenouswast e?
(
A)Forconser vat ionofwat er
(
B)Formai nt aingosmol ar i
ty
(
C)Tof acili
t atesi mpl ediffusi on
(
D)I tiseasyt oexcr etelesst oxicsubst ances
11.I n…… ni trogenouswast eisexcr etedi nt heform ofni trogenouspel l
et.
(
A)f ishes
[
1]
 (B)sponges
(C)rept i
les
(D)Noneoft hese
12.Flamecel l
sorpr otonephr i
diaar et heexcr etorystr
uct uresi
n
(A)ar thr opods
(B)pl aty hel mi nthes
(C)annel i
ds
(D)cr ust aceans
13.Mal pighi ant ubul esar etheexcr etor ystructuresof
(A)insect s
(B)mammal s
(C)bi rds
(D)r ept i
les
14.Theexcr et oryor gani ncr ustaceans, l
i
kepr awnsis
(A)ant ennar ygl ands
(B)nephr idia
(C)f l
amecel l
s
(D)Mal pi ghi ant ubul es
15.Partoft heki dneyt hr oughwhi cht heur eter,bloodv esselsandner
vesentersi
ntoiti
s
(A)renal cor tex
(B)renal medul l
a
(C)hi l
um
(D)ur et hra
16.Innert ot hehi lum oft heki dney ,thereisabr oadasf unnel-
shapedspacecall
ed
(A)renal pelv is
(B)medul l
a
(C)cor tex
(D)adr enal gland
17.Struct ural andf unctional unitoft heki dneyi s
(A)medul l
a
(B)nephr idia
(C)nephr on
(D)hi lum
18.Thehumanki dneyhasabout
(A)onemi l
li
onnephr ons
(B)twomi lli
onnephr ons
(C)thr eemi llionnephr ons
(D)tenmi ll
ionnephr ons
19.Figur eshowshumanur inarysy stem wi thst r
ucturesl abel
l
edA-D.Selectopt
ion,whi
chcor
rect
lyi
dent
if
ies
them andgi v est heirchar acteristicsand/ off uncti
ons?

(A)A-Adr
enalgland-l
ocatedatt heant
eri
orpar
tofkidney.Secret
ecat echolamines,whi
chst
imul
ate
gly
cogenbreakdown
(B)B-
Pelv
is-
broadfunnelshapedspacei
nnert
oMedul
l
a, di
rect
lyconnect
edt oloopsofHenle

[
2]
 (
C)C-Medull
a-i
nnerzoneofki dneyandcont
ainscomplet
enephrons
(
D)D-Cor
tex-
outerpartofkidneyanddonotcontainanypartofnephr
ons
20.I
dent
if
yA-Dinthegivenstructureandchoosethecorr
ectopti
onaccordi
ngl
y.

(A)A--Cal yx, B-Cor t

ex, C-Renal col umn, D--
Ureter
(B)A-Cal yx.B- Cor tex,C-Ronal col umn.D- Urethra
(C)A-Ur ethr a,B-Cor tex,C- Renal col umn, D-Calyx
(D)A-Ur ethr a,B-Cal yx,C-Renal col umn, D-Cortex
21.Themedul l
ar ypy rami dspr oj
ect si ntothe
(A)calyx
(B)cortex
(C)Renal pel vi
s
(D)Noneoft hese
22.Thecor tical par tthatext endsbet weenmedul larypy r
amidsasrenalcolumnsarecal
l
ed
(A)colmunsofr enal
(B)columnofMar tini
(C)columnsofBer tini
(D)columnsofki dney
23.Eachnephr onhast wopar ts,whi char e
(A)Bowman' scapsul eandPCT
(B)Glomer ul usandr enal tubule
(C)Glomer ul usandBowman' scapsul e
(D)Bowman' scapsul eandr enal tubule
24.Glomer ulusi sat uftofcapi ll
ariesf or
medby. .
.A...,
af i
nebranchofrenalart
ery
.Bl
oodfr
om t
hegl
omer
ulus
i
scar ri
edawaybyan…B…Sel ectt hecor r
ectopt ionforAandB.
(A)vasar ect a,Bowman' acapsul e
(B)vasar ect a,afferentar teri
ole
(C)afferentar teri
ol e,eff
er entar ter i
ole
(D)Noneoft heabov e
25.Malpighi anbodyorr enal corpuscl ei s/are
(A)Bowman' scapsul e
(B)Glomer ul us
(C)PCT
(D)Bot h( a)and( b)
26.Studythegi v enst ructureandmat chA, B,C,D, E.FandGwi t
hcorr
ectoption.

[
3]
 (A)A- Af fer entar ter iole,B- Pr oximalconv ol
uted tubule,C- Henle'sloop,D- Di
stalconvol
uted tubul
e,E-
Perit
ubul arcapai llaries, F-Col lectingduct ,G-Vasar ecta
(B)A-Ef ferentar teriol e,B- PCT,C- Henl e'
sl oop,D- DCT,E-Per i
tubularcapil
lar
ies,F-Coll
ecti
ngduct ,G-
Vasa
recta(C)A- Af f
er entar teriole,B- Per i
tubul arcapill
ari
es,C- Henle'
sl oop,D-DCT.E-PCT,F-Coll
ecti
ngduet.G-
Vasar ect a( D)A- Af fer entar teriole,B-Henl c'sloop.C-Col lecti
ngduct ,D-PCT,E-DCT.F-Peri
tubul
arcapil
la,
G-Vasar ect a
27.Inmaj or i
tyofnephr ons, thel oopofHenl e'sisfoundint he
(A)cor ti
cal regionoft heki dney
(B)medul lar yregi onoft heki dney
(C)Bot h( a)and( b)
(D)pelv isr egionoft heki dney
28.Incortical nephr ons,
(A)loopofHenl ei sshor t
(B)loopofHenl ei sl ong
(C)thePCTi sv er yl ong
(D)theDCTi sshor t
29.Injuxta-medul l
ar ynephr ons
(A)vasar ect ai spr omi nent
(B)loopofHenl ei sl ong
(C)loopofHenl er unsdeepi ntot hemedul la
(D)All oft heabov e
30.Chooset hecor rectst atement .
(A)Thej uxt a-medul lar ynephr onshav ereducedHenl e'sloop
(B)Vasar ect aiswel l dev elopedi ncor tical nephrone
(C)ThePCTandDCTar esi t
uat edi nt hemedul laoftheki dney
(D)Theascendi ngl imbofHenl e'sloopext endsast heDCT
31.Inthegl omer ulusoft henephr on, theaf ferentarteri
oleis
(A)nar rowert hanef f erentar teriole
(B)widert hanef ferentar teriole
(C)ofsomedi amet erasef ferentar t
eriole
(D)ofsamedi amet erasv asar ecta
32.I
dentif
yA- Di nthef ol l
wi ngst ruct ureandt hecor rectoptionf orA,B, CandD.

(A)A—Af f
erentarter
iol
e, B—Efferentart
eri
ole,C—Bowman'scapsul
e,D—Proxi
mal
conv
olut
edt
ubul
e
(B)A—Ef f
erentarter
iol
e,B—Af ferentart
eri
ole,C—Bowman'scapsul
e,D—DCT
(C)A—Ef f
erentarter
iol
e,B—Ef fer
entarteri
ole,C—Bowman'scapsul
e,D—DCT
(D)A—Ef f
erentarter
iol
e,B—Af ferentart
eri
ole,C—Bowman'scapsul
e,D—DCT
33.TheU- shapedmi nutev esselthatrunsparal
leltotheHenl
e'
sloopis
(A)collecti
ngduct
(B)vasar ecta
(C)glomer ulus
(D)Noneoft heabov e
34.Namet het y
pesofnephr onswher evasarectaisabsent
.
(A)Medul larynephrons
(B)Cort i
calnephrons
(C)Juxt a-
medul l
arynephr ons
(D)Both( a)and( b)
[
4]
35.Proximal Conv ol ut edTubl e( PCT)i sli
nedby
(A)Cuboi dal epi thelium
(B)squamousepi thel i
um
(C)Col umnarepi thelium
(D)St ratifiedepi thel i
um
36.Asser tion( A)Bi rdsar eur i
cot elic.
Reason( R)Theyexcr et eni t
rogenouswast easur i
cacid
37.Asser tion( A)Mal pighi ant ubul eshel psonlyinosmor egul
ati
on.
Reason( R)Theyar eor ganspl ay ingr ol
einrespi r
ati
on.
38.Asser tion( A)Hi lum i sapar tofhumanexcr etorysystem.
Reason( R)I tishel pf ul incol lect i
onofur i
ne.
39.Accessor yexcr et ory
I
.ski n
I
I.lungs
I
II.li
ver
I
II.sebaceousgl and
Chooset hecor r ectopt ion.
(A)IandI I
(B)IIandI II
(C)IIIandI V
(D)I,II,III,andI V
40.I
nhuman, excr et ory
I
.pai rofki dney s
I
I.onepai rofur et ers
I
II.urinar ybl adder
V.ski n
VII.l
ungs
(A)I,II,II
IandV
(B)I,II,II
IandV
(C)I,II,II
IandI V
(D)I,II,III,IV, V, VI
41.I
dent ifyt hecor rectst atement s.
I
.Theout erl ay eroft heki dneyi scal l
edcapsul e.
I
I.Cor texi sdi videdi nt oout ercor texandinnermedul l
a.
I
II.Medul lai sdi v idedi ntomedul l
ar ypyramids.
I
V.Thecor texext endsi nbet weent hemedul l
ar ypyramidswhichiscal
l
edascolumnsofBer
ti
ni.
Chooset hecor r ectopt ionaccor dingly.
(A)I,IIIandI V
(B)IandI V
(C)I,IIandI II
(D)I,II,IIIandI V
42.Whi choft hef ollowi ngst ructur esar esit
uatedi nthecorti
calr
egionoft
hekidney
?
I
.Mal pighi ancor puscl e
I
I.PCT( Pr oxi mal Conv ol utedTubul e)
I
II.DCT( Di st al Conv olut edTubul e)
I
V.LoopofHenl e
V.Col lect ingduct
(A)I,IIandI II
(B)III
, I
VandV
(C)II,IIIandI V
(D)IV, VandI
43.Arrange t he f ol lowi ng par ts oft he nephron in a sequentialmannerand sel
ectt
he cor
rectopt
ion
accor dingl y .
I
.Gl omer ul us
I
I.Bowman' scapsul e
I
II.Henl e'sl oop
[
5]
 I
V.Pr oxi mal conv olutedt ubule
V.Col l
ect ingduct
VI.Di stal conv olut edtubul e
(A)I I I I II I V V VI
(B)I I I I V I I
I VI
(C)I I I I V I I
I V VI
(D)VI I II I I I VI V
44.I
dent ifyt het ruest atement sandchooset hecor rectopt i
onaccor dingly.
I
.Bl oodv essel leadingt ot heglomer ulusi scal ledef ferentar teriole.
I
I.Vasar ect a, per i
tubul arcapi ll
ariesandgl omer ulus,allhav ebl ood.
I
II.Cor tical nephr onshav ehi ghlyreducedv asar ecta.
I
V.Vasar ect ar unspar alleltotheHenl e'sloopi nt hej uxta-medul l
ar ynephron.
(A)I, I
IandI II
(B)I,IIandI V
(C)I, I
IIandI V
(D)II, I
IIandI V
45.Chooset hecor rectones.
I
.Ef ferentar ter iolecar riest hebloodawayf r
om t hegl omer ulust owar drenalvein.
I
I.Af ferentar ter iolecar riest hebloodt or enal vei n.
I
II.Podocy tesf orm mi nut espaces( slitpor es)f ort hef il
trationofbl oodi nt
ot heBowman'scapsule.
I
V.I nHenl e'
sl oopi smaxi mum r eabsor ptionoft hemaj orsubst ancesf rom theglomer
ularf
il
trat
e.
Thecor r ectopt ioni s
(a)I,IIandI II
(b)IIIandI V
(c)Onl yI II
(d)Onl yI V
46.Chooset hecor rectones.
I
.Vasar ect ai sl acki ngi ncor ti
cal nephr ons.
I
I.Maxi mum numberofnephr onsi nki dneyar ej uxta-medul laryt ype.
I
II.DCTofmanynephor nsopeni ntocol lect i
ngt ubule.
I
V.Dur ingsummerwhenbodyl osesl otofwat erbyev apor ation, t
her eleaseofADHi ssuppressed.
V.Whensomeonedr i
nksl otofwat er ,ADHr eleasei ssuppr essed.
VI.Ani ncr easei ngl omer ul arbl
oodf l
owst i
mul at esf ormat ionofangi otensin-II
.
Thecor r ectopt ioni s
(a)IandI V
(b)VandVI
(c)IandV
(d)Onl yI I
47.Choosecor rectst atement .
I
.Juxt amedul l
ar ynephr onshav er educedHenl e'sloop.
I
I.Vasar ect ai swel ldev el opedinj uxt a-medul l
ar yr egionofcor tical nephron.
I
II.PCTandDCTsi tuatedi nmedul l
a.
I
V.Gl omer ulusencl osest heBowman' scapsul e.
V.Theascendi ngl imboft heHenl e'sl oopext endsasDCT.
Thecor r ectopt ioni s
(a)IandI I
(b)IIandI II
(c)VandI V
(d)Onl yV
48.Mat cht hef ol l
owi ngcol umns.
Col umnI ColumnI I

A. Ammonot
eli
c 1. Aquat
ici
nver
tebr
ates

B. Ur
eot
eli
c 2. Rept
il
es

[
6]
 C. Ur
icot
eli
c 3. Bi
rds

D. 4. Amphi
bians

Codes:
(A)A-4,B-3,C-1,
2
(B)A-
1,2B-3, C-4
(C)A-1,B-4,C-2,3
(D)A-2,
3B- 1,
C- 4
49.Matchthefoll
owingcol
umns.
ColumnI Col
umnI
I
(
Excr
etor
yst
ruct
ure) (
Exampl
es)

A. Si
mpl
etubul
arf
orms 1. Annel
i
ds

B. Compl
ext
ubul
arf
orms 2. Pl
aty
hel
mint
hesandRot
if
ers

C. Pr
otonephr
idi
aorf
lamecel
l
s 3. Ver
tebr
ates

D. Nephr
idi
a 4. MostI
nver
tebr
ates

Codes:
(A)A-1,B-2,C-3,D-4
(B)A-
1B-2, C-4, D-3
(C)A-4,B-3,C-1, D-2
(D)A-4B-3,C-2,D-1
50.Matchthefoll
owingcol umns.
ColumnI Col
umnI
I

A. Del
i
ver
sbl
oodt
ogl
omer
ulus 1. Ascendi
nganddescendi
ngl
i
mb

B. Car
ri
esur
inet
opel
vi
s 2. Renal
art
ery

C. Coll
ect
s f
il
tr
ate f
rom Bowman’
s 3. Col
l
ect
ingduct
capsul
e

D. LoopofHenl
e 4. Pr
oxi
mal
conv
olut
edt
ubul
es

Codes:
(A)A-1, B-3, C-2,D-1
(B)A-1,B-2, C-3,D- 4
(C)A-2,B- 3,C-4, D-1
(D)A-2, B-3,C-1,D-4
51.Thefollowingsubst ancesaretheexcretor
yproduct
sinani
mals.Choosetheleastt
oxi
cform amongt
hem
(A)urea
(B)uri
caci d
(C)amooni a
(D)
52.Dif
ferentty pesofexcr et
orystruct
uresandanimalaregi
venbelowmat chthem appr
opri
atel
yamarkthe
corr
ectanswerf r
om amongt hesegivenbel
ow.
Col umnI Col
umnII

A. Pr
otonephr
idi
a 1. Pr
awn

B. Nephr
idi
a 2. Cockr
oach

C. Mal
pighi
ant
ubul
es 3. Ear
thwor
m

[
7]
 D. Gr
eengl
and/Ant
ennar
ygl
and 4. Fl
atwor
ms

Codes:
(A)A-4,B-3,C-2,
D-1
(B)A-
2,B-3, C-1,D-
2
(C)A-4,B-3,C-1,D-2
(D)A-2,B-3,
C-2,D-4

53.Whichoft hef ollowi ngpai rsiswr ong?

(A)uricotelic…. .bi rds
(B)ureotelic…. .insect s
(C)ammonot elic……t adpole
(D)ureotelic……el ephant
54.Whichoneoft hef ollowi ngst atement sisincor rect'
?
(A)Birdsandl andsnai lsareur i
cot el
icani mal s
(B)Mammal sandf r
ogsar eur eot eli
cani mal s
(C)Aquat icamphi biansandaquat i
cinsect sar eammonot eli
canimals
(D)Birdsandr ept ilesar eur eot eli
c
55.Fil
tr
ationoft hebl oodt akespl aceat
(A)PCT
(B)DCT
(C)Col l
ectingduct s
(D)Mal pighianbody
56.Wecanpr oduceaconcent rat ed/dilut
eur ine.Thisi sf acil
itat
edbyaspeci almechani
sm.I dent
ifyt
he
mechani sm.
(A)Reabsor ptionf rom PCT
(B)Reabsor ptionf rom col lectingduct
(C)Reabsor ption/ secr eti
oni nDCT
(D)Count er -
cur rentmechani sm i nHenl e'sloop/ vasar ecta
57.Whichoneoft hef ollowi ngst atementi sincor rect?
(A)Themedul lar yzoneofki dneyi sdi videdi ntoaf ew coni calmassescal ledmedul
lar
y py rami
ds
proj
ect i
ngi ntot hecal yces
(B)Insidet heki dneyt hecor tical regionex tendsi nbetweent hemedul lar
ypyr
ami dsasr
enalpel
v i
s
(C)Glomer ulusal ongwi t
hBowman' scapsul eiscalledther enalcorpuscle
(D)Renalcor puscl e,Pr oximalConv olutedTubul e( PCT)andDi stalConvolut
edTubule(DCT)oft he
nephronar esi tuat edi nt hecor ti
cal r
egionofki dney.
58.
ColumnI ColumnII

A. Pr
oxi
mal
conv
olut
edt
ubul
e 1. For
mat
ionofconcent
rat
edur
ine

B. Di
stal
conv
olut
edt
ubul
e 2. Fi
l
trat
ionofbl
ood

C. Henl
e’
sloop 3. Reabsor
pti
onof70-
80%ofel
ect
rol
ytes

D. Count
er–cur
rentmechani
sm 4. I
oni
cbal
ance

E. Renal
cor
puscl
es 5. Mai
ntenanceofconcent
rat
iongr
adi
enti
n
medul
la

Codes:
(A)A-3,B-5,C-4,
D-2, E-1
(B)A-
3,B-4, C-1,D-5,E-2
(C)A-1,B-3,C-2,D- 5,E-4
(D)A-3,B-1,
C-4,D-5,E-2

[
8]
 ANSWERKEY
1. (
B)
2. (
D)
3. (
A)
4. (
B)
5. (
A)
6. (
B)
7. (
B)
8. (
D)
9. (
C)
10.(
A)
11.(
C)
12.(
B)
13.(
A)
14.(
A)
15.(
C)
16.(
A)
17.(
C)
18.(
A)
19.(
A)
20.(
A)
21.(
D)
22.(
C)
23.(
B)
24.(
C)
25.(
D)
26.(
A)
27.(
A)
28.(
A)
29.(
D)
30.(
D)
31.(
B)
32.(
A)
33.(
B)
34.(
B)
35.(
A)
36.(
A)
37.(
D)
38.(
C)
39.(
D)
40.(
C)
41.(
D)
42.(
A)
43.(
B)
44.(
D)
45.(
C)
46.(
D)
47.(
D)
48.(
C)
49.(
D)
50.(
C)
51.(
B)
52.(
A)
53.(
B)
54.(
D)
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9]
55.(
D)
56.(
D)
57.(
B)
58.(
B)

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