EE202M: Solid State Devices

Tutorial 1
1) Find out the packing fraction for the simple cubic BCC & FCC lattices.

2) The lattice constant of Si is 5.43 A0. Find out the atomic density of Si. Find out the distance between
the nearest atoms in Si lattice. Also find out the no. of atoms per unit area for the (100) surface of Si.

3) Find out the miller indices for the planes shown below:

4) Find out the de-Broglie wavelength for

a) a proton with kinetic energy of 70 MeV

b) a 100 g bullet moving at 900 m/s

c) an electron moving at a speed of 0.3c, where c is the speed of light

5) A particle of mass m which moves freely inside an infinite well of length 𝑎 has the following wave
function at time t=0

𝐴 𝜋𝑥 3 3𝜋𝑥 1 5𝜋𝑥
𝜓(𝑥, 0) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛( ) + √ 𝑠𝑖𝑛( ) + √ 𝑠𝑖𝑛( )
√𝑎 𝑎 5𝑎 𝑎 5𝑎 𝑎

a) Find A so that the wavefunction 𝜓(𝑥, 0) can be normalized.

b) If measurements are carried out for energy, what values you will measure? What will be the
corresponding probabilities? What will be the average value of energy?

c) What will be the wavefunction at any later time t?

6) Consider an electron incident on a potential barrier with height V0 & width a, as shown below

Assume the wavefunctions to be

• Region 1, x < 0

ℏ2 𝑑2
[− ] 𝜓 (𝑥) = 𝐸𝜓1 (𝑥)
2𝑚 𝑑𝑥 2 1
𝜓1 (𝑥) = 𝐴𝑒 𝑖𝑘1 𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −𝑖𝑘1 𝑥
2𝑚𝐸
with 𝑘12 = 2
ℏ
• Region 2, 0 < x < a

ℏ2 𝑑2
[− + 𝑉0 ] 𝜓2 (𝑥) = 𝐸𝜓2 (𝑥)
2𝑚 𝑑𝑥 2
𝜓2 (𝑥) = 𝐶𝑒 𝑖𝑘2 𝑥 + 𝐷𝑒 −𝑖𝑘2 𝑥
2𝑚(𝐸 − 𝑉0 )
with 𝑘22 =
ℏ2
• Region 3, x > a

ℏ2 𝑑2
[− ] 𝜓 (𝑥) = 𝐸𝜓3 (𝑥)
2𝑚 𝑑𝑥 2 3
𝜓3 (𝑥) = 𝐹𝑒 𝑖𝑘3 𝑥 + 𝐺𝑒 −𝑖𝑘3 𝑥
2𝑚𝐸
with 𝑘32 = 2 = 𝑘12
ℏ

Assuming G=0, show that

𝐵 (𝑘12 − 𝑘22 )(1 − 𝑒 𝑖2𝑎𝑘2 )

=
𝐴 (𝑘1 + 𝑘2 )2 − (𝑘1 − 𝑘2 )2 𝑒 𝑖2𝑎𝑘2
𝐹 4𝑘1 𝑘2 𝑒 𝑖(𝑘2 −𝑘1 )𝑎
=
𝐴 (𝑘1 + 𝑘2 )2 − (𝑘1 − 𝑘2 )2 𝑒 𝑖2𝑎𝑘2

𝐹2 4𝐸(𝐸 − 𝑉0 )
𝑇=| | = 2 2
𝐴 𝑉0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑘2 𝑎 + 4𝐸(𝐸 − 𝑉0 )