Hosein Kazemi Keleshtari, MD of Soufian Cement Co.

Hamid Reza Tajik, CEO & Secretary of Standard TC 74

“where  there  is  ruin,  

 there  is  hope  for  a  treasure”.  Rumi  

SCM  Usage,  Benefits  and  Challenges    

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 Content:  
•  Introduc;on  
Part  I:  SCMs  Benefits  &  Challenges  
–  SCMs  Benefits    (Win  /  Win  /  Win  Situa;on)  
–  Sta;s;cs  Usage  in  Europe  &  Iran  
–  Challenges  (poten;al  for  Growth)  
–  Technical  Problems  
–  Standards    
–  Solu;ons  

•  Part  II:  Iran  Cement  Market    

–  Produc;on/consump;on  rate  
–  Export  Road  Map  
–  GDP  Growth  Rate  and  Cement  Consump;on  
–  Investment  &  Trade  Opportunity    in  Iran  
–  Cement  Price      

•  Conclusion  
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SCMs  Profits  at  a  glance  (EN  Standard)    
 Cement  with  Several  Main  Cons;tuents  Durability  

Resistance  
Develop  of   Against  
Slower   Lower  Levels  of  
Dense   Diffusion  
Hydra,on   Heat  Release  
Microstructure   Deteriora,on  &  
Chemical  AAack    
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 A  WIN  /  WIN  /WIN  SITUATION    

Benefits of SCMs:

I.  Lowers Global CO2 Emissions

II.  NO Effect on Technical Quality of the Final Products

III.  Cost Effective for costumers

IV.  Saving of Natural Resources

V.  Protecting Environment

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 Why Customers Don’t Use
SCMs Practically ???
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 Cement  Type  Produced  by  Holcim  1995  2009

4%
11%

7%
4% 1995
57% OPC  
9% Slag  Cement  
8% Pozzolan  Cement  
4%
20% Fly  Ash  Cement  
17%
Lime  Stone  Cement  
Mol,ple  Blend  Cement  
2009 9% Other  Materials  
14%
9%

27%
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 Challenges with Usage of SCMs:  

I.  Technical Problem in Practice with Finished Product

II.  Innovation in Cement Standards
III.  Slower Strength Development Over Time (Early Strength)
IV.  Slower Initial Setting Time
V.  Few Trained Expert for Marketing & Offering Solutions
VI.  Making Culture to use more SCMs (Conferences, Training
Course , ..)
VII. 
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 Technical Problem in Practice with Finished Product

•  Compressive Strength in Pozzolanic Cement

Case Study: Pozzolanic Materials is 15% less than OPC

Most of the time Pozzolanic •  Initial Setting Time is Nearly 15% less in
Pozzolanic Cement compare to OPC
Materials act as Grinding Aid
and Increase Fine Particles,
Narrowing P.S.D so Water 450  
400  
Demand will be Increase 350  
300  
which Decrease Strength 250   OPC  
200   Pozzolanc  Cement  
150  
100  
50  
0  
2  day   7  day   28  day  
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 Effect of SCMs on P.S.D Parameter in Cement  

P.S.D Parameter Lime Stone Cement Pozzolanic Cement OPC Type II

Slope  (n)   0.94   0.9   1.05  

Posi,on  Parameter   26.32   28.64   29.81  

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 Selection & Monitoring of all Intake Materials  

ASTMC311-­‐
Characteriza;on EN197-­‐1   ISIRI6730  
ASTMC595  

Alkali Activity
- Expansion after 91 day -
ASTM C227))

Pozzolan Activity Active Silica min

- -
(Chemical) 25%
Min 75%
Pzzolanic Andis Pozzolanicity acc. Min 75% compare to
compare to
(phisical) To EN196-5 Blank
Blank
Pozzolan Activity
- - -
(Mineral)

TG Test - - -

DSC Test R&D - -

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 Pozzolanic Cement Usage & Sale in Iran  

Pozzolan Name Activity(%) Usage & Sale in Factory % Export

Taftan
75 70 Yes
(Khash Cement )

Abyek < 50 <10 No

Sabalan
70 21000 ton/month Yes
(Soufian Cement)

1.  Example of Cement Price in Soufian Cement (EX)

2.  Pozzolanic Cement : 32$/ton
3.  Ordinary Cement : 34$/ton
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Pozzolanic Test (DSC)  
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PSD Test (OPC, Lime stone & Pozzolanic Cement)  
  I
The  vast  Majority  of  Cement   Applica,ons  Require  
Certain  Strength  of  Finished  Product  aXer  

Couple  of  Hours  or  Few  Days  

Life  Cycle  Cost  is  the  Key  Requirement  

Especially  in  Infrastructure  Project  
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 Solu;ons    I

•  Increasing  Clinker  Phase  Ac;vity  

(  By  Process  Control  &  Op;miza;on  of  Condi;ons)  

•  Improve  Phase  Composi;on  in  the  Clinker  in  

Concept  of  Mineralize  Clinker  (Higher  LSF,  Chemical  
Ac;vator)  

•  Admixture  (A  Solu;on  &    Opportunity  for  Admixture  Producers)  

•   Adop;on  of  Cement  Type  with  Admixtures    
•  Well  Trained  Experts  &  Standards  
•  Making  Culture  of  SCMs  Usage  (Conference,  Training  
Course,  ..)  
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 BS First  Cement  
Standard
12;1996
Classifica;ons  of  Cement   BS 12:1904,

ASTM
Types  in  different  Standard C150,
2011
!   Applica,on  (ASTM)

!   Physical  Proper,es  &  Environment   EN 197-1; 2011

Aspects  (EN)

!  All    Physical,  Applica,on  &  

ISIRI 389 - 1373
Environment  Aspects  (ISO)  
(Iran  Proposal  to  ISO  –  Czech  mee,ng  2015)
ISO ???
 Why?
We Need Cement Specification Standard in ISO  
•  Most of Cement Export is
OPC Iran is the First
•  Protect Environment by
using less Clinker in New
Standard by Changing few
Characterization

•  I.R˂5%  acc.  EN  197-­‐1  or      

•  I.R˂0.75  acc.  To  ASTM  C  150  
•  I.R˂  ???  acc.  To  ISO  
•  L.O.I      
 •  Unified Standard for test methods Different  percep;on  in  quality    
As well as Specifications

•  Strength, setting time, heat of

hydration, Insoluble Residue,
Blain
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 Test  Method  is  Based  on  ISO  
Specifica;on  is  Acc.  To  
•  ASTM  ?  
•  EN  197-­‐1?  
•  Other????  

•  ISO  TC  74  or  7  for  8    

•  Just  8  Test  method  
 Remove Technical Barriers to Trade

•  Customer  Base  
Not  too  much  complicated  
•  What  customers  really  
needs  &  understand  
 ISO or ASTM, EN, ..

Our  Responsibility  in  ISO  for  Energy  Saving  &  

Environment  Protec,on  

EN 197-1 Cement Specification

Focus on energy Saving & Environment  
Too  much  Complicated  Classifica;on  

ASTM Cement Specification C150

Focus on Quality by Purity (I.R˂  0.75)  
Simple  Classifica;on  by  5  Cement  Type
FKCCO  
 Iran  Cement  Market  at  a  Glance
Popula;on 77.7  million  (2014)
Area 1,648,195  Km2
Cement  Consump,on    per  Capita(2014) 710  Kg

Number  of  Cement  Plant   70  

Total  Cement  Produc,on  Capacity  (2014)   79.5  Mt
Portland  Cement  (90%)  ,  Blended  Cement  (less  than10%)

White  Cement 1.35  Mt

Cement  Produc,on  Capacity  (2018)    97.5  Mt
Extension  &  New  Cement  Plant  20  Mt  

Cement    &  Clinker  Export  (2013) 18.7  Mt

Clinker  Stock 17  Mt
FOB  Cement  Price 40-­‐50  $
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FOB  Clinker  Price 30-­‐33  $

 Main  Cement  Players    in  Iran    &  Recently  (5  month  )  
Produc;ons  (ton)

8,000,000  

7,000,000  

6,000,000  

5,000,000   prouduc,on  

4,000,000   Export  
Domes,c  
3,000,000  

2,000,000  
Domes,c  
1,000,000   Export  
prouduc,on  
0  
FKCC  &   Individual   Mstazafan   Ghdir   CIDCO   Spandar   Others  
Tamin   Producers   Founda,on  
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  Clinker  Export  (2012  -­‐  2015)  Increasing  Rate

7,000,000  

6,000,000  

5,000,000  

4,000,000  
Export  2015  (5  month)  

3,000,000   Export  2014  

Export  2013  
Export  2012  
2,000,000  

1,000,000  

0  
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  Cement  Export  (2012  -­‐  2015)  Decreasing  Rate

16,000,000  

14,000,000  

12,000,000  

10,000,000  

8,000,000   export  2015  (5  month)  

export  2014  
export  2013  
6,000,000  
export  2012  

4,000,000  

2,000,000  

0  
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Iran Export Road Map
 Gross  Domes;c  Product  billion  USD  (2013)  

900  
Iran    GDP   Iraq  GDP   Turkey  GDP  
800  
700  
600  
500  
400  
300  
200  
100  
0  
2006   2007   2008   2009   2010   2011   2012   2013   2014  

World  Bank
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 GDP  Growth  Rate  
20   IRAN Growth GDP Cement consumption Growth Rate

15  

10   Correla,on  Coefficient:  0.95  

5  

0  
2000   2002   2004   2006   2008   2010   2012   2014   2016  

-­‐5  

-­‐10  
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 Cement & Clinker Export

Although  Iran  has  captured  the  cement  export  market  as  first  in  the  world  but  Data  
shows  Iran  is  losing  cement  market  instead  of  Clinker  due  to  more  benefit  able  
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product.  
 Cement FOB Price

FOB  Price  Bag/ton  (Average)  

60  

50  

40  

Cement  Price  USD    

30  

20  

10  

0  
2012/9   2013/9   2014/9  
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 Conclusion  
•  Opportunity  for  Clinker  &  SCMs  Trade  
•  Posi,ve  atmosphere  in  economic  growth  rate  is  created.  
Many  supplier  (Admixture  Producers,  equipment,  machinery  
and  related  industry  )  are  coming  to  Iranian  cement  market.  
•  Create  uncontested  market  space  is  available  by  foreign  
investment  in  Iraq,  Africa,…  market.  
•  More  collabora,on  with  Turkish  cement  Associa,on  in  the  
field  of  marke,ng,  services,  SWAP  give  us  more  benefit    
•  New  CEMENT  Standard  is  Necessary  to  use  more  SCMs  in  OPC  
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Thank  you  for  your  AAen,on