Disciplines and Ideas

in the Applied Social

Sciences 12

QUARTER 1- MODULE 2

CONTACT #:____________________

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
 OBJECTIVES:

1. Discuss the meaning, goals, scope, principles, and core values of counselling
2. Appreciate the significance of counselling.
3. Value the importance of counselling.

Preliminary Activities

Day 1

You can call it a Calm Down

Zone or come up with a
different name!

Pick a place that is quite so that

you can focus on calming down!

The best time to visit your Calm

Down Zone is when you start
feeling angry and before you
make negative choices!

Some ideas include

a stress ball, books,
play dough, journal
and puzzles!

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
 Mini Lesson

The Meaning of Counselling Despite the fact that the terms guidance and counselling are used
interchangeably, but both terms have different meaning. In a family, parents counsel their children, doctors counsel
patients, lawyers to clients and teachers to students.
 Counselling is a mutual relationship between a counsellor who is a professionally trained helper, and a
client who is a consumer of counselling services.
 Counselling is a professional relationship between a counsellor who is professionally trained and a client
(counsellee) who is seeking help to resolve a problem. (Okech and Ngumba 1991)
 Counselling is a face-face relationship between a client and a counsellor in a confidential setting.
Counselling is a dynamic and purposeful relationship between two people who approach a mutually defined problem,
with mutual consideration of each other to the end that the younger or less mature or more troubled of the two is aided
to a self-determined resolution to his problem Counselling constitutes three activities like: I - Informing A- Advising
and C - Counselling
Informing: Here the role of the counsellor is to give appropriate and correct information to the clients
Advising: The counsellor suggests appropriate courses of action. Here the counselor offers several options
and recommends one according to your aim or interest.
Counselling: The counsellor helps the students to clarify his needs, feelings or motivations so that he can
make the appropriate decision for himself. So you can think of these three activities as a continuous spectrum of areas
which merge into each other.

Activity 1

TEST 1:

Instruction: Answer the following question. Write your answer to the provided line.

1. What is counselling?
Answer:_________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________.

2. Who needs to be counselled?

Answer:_________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________.
3. What are the roles of the counsellor?
Answer:_________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________.

Test II Instruction: Write at least 5 common problems that most of teenagers are facing today.

1. _____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.
2. _____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.
3. _____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.
4. _____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
 5. _____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.

Processing Question (Relate your answer to test 2 )

Put yourself as a counsellor, what advices can you give to those problems that most of a teenager’s have?

Answer:
1. _____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
2. _____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
3. _____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
4. _____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.
5. _____________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________.

Day 2
GOALS OF COUNSELLING

Counselling theorists do not always agree on appropriate counselling goals because they are often general, vague and
saturated with implications. However, these are the five most commonly named goals of counselling:

1. Facilitating behaviour change.

Krumbolz (1966) suggested three additional criteria for judging counseling goals, as follows:

 The goals of counselling should be capable of being stated differently for each individual client.
 The goals should be compatible with, though not identical to, the values of the counsellor.
 The degree to which goals of counselling are attained by each client should be observable.
2. Improving the client’s ability to establish and maintain relationships. Many clients tend to have major
problems relating to others due to poor self-image. Likewise, inadequate social skills cause individuals to act
defensively in relationships. Typical social difficulties can be observed in family, marital and peer group interaction
(e.g., the troubled elementary school child). The counsellor would then strive to help the client improve the quality
of their lives by developing more effective interpersonal relationships.
3. Enhancing the client’s effectiveness and ability to cope. Earned coping patterns, however, may not always work.
New interpersonal or occupational role demands may create an overload and produce excessive anxiety and difficulty
for the individual.
Children who grow up in excessively strict homes frequently adjust to such training measures through learned behavioural
inhibition. When social or occupational responsibilities require individuals to be assertive, they may experience anxiety and
be unable to handle responsibilities effectively.

4. Promoting the decision-making process and facilitating client potential. The goal of counselling is to enable the
individual to make critical decisions regarding alternative courses of action without outside influence. Counselling
will help individuals obtain information, and to clarify emotional concerns that may interfere with or be related to the
decisions involved. These individuals will acquire an understanding of their abilities and interests. They will also
come to identify emotions and attitudes that could influence their choices and decisions.

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
 5. Facilitating Client Potential Counselling seeks to maximize an individual’s freedom by giving him or her control
over their environment while analyzing responsiveness and reaction to the environment. counsellors will work to help
people learn how to overcome, for example, excessive substance use and to better take care of their bodies.
Counsellors will also assist in overcoming sexual dysfunction, drug addiction, compulsive gambling and obesity, as well as
anxiety, shyness and depression.

These goals are not mutually exclusive and will naturally be emphasized by some theorists and not others.

Scope of Counselling

Individual Counselling

 Adolescent identity, concerns, teen-parent relationships, peer relationships

 Anxiety
 Anger management
 Children’s concerns within the family unit, sibling relationships, school experiences, peer
relationships
 Depression
 Family of origin dynamics and issues
 Gender: identity, sexuality, homosexuality
 Grief and bereavement
 Relationships: personal and interpersonal dynamics
 Sexual abuse recovery
 Seniors: challenges, limitations, transitions
 Singles: single, newly single, single through divorce or being widowed
 Spirituality
 Stress management
 Workplace stress and relationships
 Young adult: identity, relationships, vocation

INDIVIDUAL COUNSELLING

 Relationships: personal and interpersonal dynamics

 Sexual abuse recovery
 Seniors: challenges, limitations, transitions
 Singles: single, newly single, single through divorce or being widowed
 Spirituality
 Stress management
 Workplace stress and relationships
 Young adult: identity, relationships, vocation

MARITAL AND PRE-MARITAL COUNSELLING

 Marital and relational dynamics

 Extended family relationships
 Fertility issues

FAMILY COUNSELLING

Adolescent and child behaviours within family dynamics

Adult children
Divorce and separation issues and adjustment
Family dynamics: estrangement, conflict, communication
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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
  Family of origin / extended family issues
 Life stages and transitions
 Parenting patterns: blended, single, co-parenting families
 Remarriage

Activity 2 Concept Map

Instruction: Give the 5 goals of counseling by using concept mapping. Write your answer in the shape
provided below.

Goals of
Counseling

Processing Question:

1. In Facilitating behaviour change, counselling goals are classified into three categories, what are these
categories?
Answer:_________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
Principles of Counselling

 Human Beings are Basically Self-Determining Creatures. Human beings have an innate desire for
independence and autonomy. They have the ability to control their own destiny and to be fully responsible for
their actions.
 A Client Should Move Towards a Greater Level of Self-Acceptance and Self-Understanding. Aim to
excel more.
 A Client Should Develop a Greater Level of Honesty in Respect to Himself. Client’s real self should
resemble the ideal self (one would like to be). Self-Concept (the way individuals perceive themselves) should
be congruent with their experiences.
 Objectives Should be Based on the Clint’s Need and Not the Counsellor’s. Guidance is a client centred. It
helps an individual to make a wise and informed decision.

The fundamental Core Values of First Base Counselling are as follows:

• Professional: I offer a safe, empathic, professional and ethical service for the alleviation of personal
distress and suffering and promotion of your personal growth and well-being.
• Respectful: I am consistently respectful of your human rights, dignity and accepting of the diversity of
your culture and life experiences without prejudice.
• Responsive: I work with you holistically and uphold your autonomy to be self directing inside and outside
of the therapy room.
• Fairness: I treat you fairly with the utmost integrity for the therapeutic relationship, your personal safety,
and access to the services offered.
• Confidential: I professionally manage and respect your right to privacy and confidentiality and consider
your own autonomy and legal frameworks for managing disclosure.
• Commitment: I am committed to partaking in activities for my own continuous professional and personal
development, developing good practice and moral qualities as a therapeutic practitioner including, empathy,
sincerity, integrity, resilience, respect, humility, competence, fairness, wisdom and courage.
Maintaining your best interests:
I keep informed of current thinking, research and agendas for change in the field of mental health and well-
being and how these may offer new opportunities for access to therapeutic support.
I attend on-going training for my own continuous professional development to keep me in top form;
maximising my potential so that I can effectively invest in your well-being and growth.
I attend regular clinical supervision in accordance with the guidelines set within the BACP Ethical
Framework. Supervision is a reflective practice to ensure that I am offering you an effective, focused, safe
and ethical service.
I facilitate group supervision and peer support sessions for my own and other therapists’ personal
development, we share ideas and models of good practice; therefore consistently improving the service I
offer you.
I hold the relevant Professional Indemnity Insurance as a counselling practitioner and yoga teacher which
includes malpractice, professional, public and products liability, and hold a current Enhanced DBS
Certificate for working with children, young people and vulnerable adults.

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
 Activity 5
Graphic Organizer

Instruction: Write the principles of counselling using graphic organizer and site one example of each

principles.
Example:
Example:

Principles of Counselling

Example: Example: Example:

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)
Evaluation Activity

Instruction : Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter on the space provided for each number.

__________1. What is counselling?

a. Counselling is a mutual relationship between a counsellor who is a professionally trained helper, and
a client who is a consumer of counselling services.
b. Counselling is a face-face relationship between a client and a counsellor in a confidential setting.
c. Counselling is a professional relationship between a counsellor who is professionally trained and a
client (counsellee) who is seeking help to resolve a problem. (Okech and Ngumba 1991)
d. All of the aboved

_________2. What is the goal of counselling?

a. The goals of counseling should be capable of being stated differently for each individual client.
b. Improving the client’s ability to establish and maintain relationships.
c. Promoting the decision-making process and facilitating client potential.
d. . All of the Aboved
__________3. It is part of principles of counselling that human beings have an innate desire for independence and
autonomy. What principles describe this statement?
a. Human Beings are Basically Self-Determining Creatures
b. A Client Should Move Towards a Greater Level of Self-Acceptance and Self-understanding.
c. A Client Should Develop a Greater Level of Honesty in Respect to Himself
d. Objectives Should be Based on the Clint’s Need and Not the Counsellor’s.
_________4. It is part of principles of counselling, guidance is a client centred. It helps an individual to make a wise and
informed decision. What principles describe this statement?
a. Human Beings are Basically Self-Determining Creatures
b. A Client Should Move Towards a Greater Level of Self-Acceptance and Self-understanding.
c. A Client Should Develop a Greater Level of Honesty in Respect to Himself
d. Objectives Should be Based on the Clint’s Need and Not the Counsellor’s.
_______5. . It is part of principles of counselling, client’s real self should resemble the ideal self (one would like to be).
Self-Concept (the way individuals perceive themselves) should be congruent with their experiences.

a. Human Beings are Basically Self-Determining Creatures

b. A Client Should Move Towards a Greater Level of Self-Acceptance and Self-understanding.
c. A Client Should Develop a Greater Level of Honesty in Respect to Himself
d. Objectives Should be Based on the Clint’s Need and Not the Counsellor’s.

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MEDINA COLLEGE IPIL, INC. Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences Grade 12 (week 2)