Dr. Carl E.

Balita Review Center

CBRC Headquarters
2nd Flr., Carmen Building, 881 G. Tolentino St. corner España Blvd., Sampaloc, Manila 1008

Academics and Services Department (ASD)

Education – LET

Handout on
Socio-Philosophical Foundations of
Education
Philosophies of Education:
• Idealism: involves values and concepts that only exist in the mind
• Realism: they have a notion of “to see is to believe”, so things that have
physical forms are the only ones acceptable in this philosophy
• Perennialism: includes concepts that are constant and universal
• Pragmatism: change is the essence of this philosophy
• Progressivism: learning by doing; learner-centered
• Essentialism: back to basics; 3Rs namely reading, writing and arithmetic
• Rationalism: mental powers and reasoning
• Hedonism: pleasure of the body
• Epicureanism: pleasure of the mind
• Reconstructivism: changing the society to meet social crises

Types of Violence:
• Direct: on purpose and is directed to a specific person or group
• Indirect: unintentional and not directed to a specific person or group

ACADEMICS AND SERVICES DEPARTMENT - ASD

Types of Direct Violence:
• Emotional Violence: make a person feel unworthy
• Spiritual Violence: using one’s beliefs to manipulate
• Cultural Violence: degrading a person due to his tradition, culture or
Tradition
• Psychological Violence: involves threat or fear to manipulate

Negative Social Traits of Filipinos

• Kanya kanya mentality: being greedy and not thinking of others
• Utak talangka: pulling others down when they are being successful
• Ningas kugon: only good at the beginning but one’s efforts will fade as
s/he proceeds
• Mañana habit: “mamaya na” mentality until nothing is done
• Extreme personalism: taking things too personal instead of taking things
objectively

Philosophy: study of knowledge; love for learning

• Branches of Philosophy:
• Axiology: values
• Metaphysics: life beyond the actual
• Epistemology: knowledge
• Logic: reasoning and deductive thinking

Anthropology: studying the behaviors and cultures of the

present-day society and the past

ACADEMICS AND SERVICES DEPARTMENT - ASD

Branches of Anthropology:
• Biological: studies the evolution of human beings through their forms
• Cultural: studies the learned behavior caused by the environment
• Linguistic: studies how one’s language affects his behavior
• Archaeology: studying past cultures through the use of past remains

Personal Values of a Teacher:

• Resilience: being able to recover after a difficulty
• Tolerance: being able to understand and accept diversity
• Emotional Stability: being able to control one’s emotions
• Drive: being motivated
• Buoyancy: being able to laugh and smile despite difficult situations
• Intelligence: being knowledgeable
• Cooperativeness: being able to work with others
• Compassion: being able to understand other’s thinking and feeling
• Reliability: being someone who can be leaned on

ACADEMICS AND SERVICES DEPARTMENT - ASD