Constructive Response Question

Generalize what the European

motivations for colonizing Africa
Imperialism to Independence
were: Outcome: Imperialism in Africa
1. Setting the Stage: Layers of History
a. Ancient _________
Egyptians and _________
Nubian in the north left Africa with impressive _____
ruins
b. Rule by the __________
Persians Greeks
and __________ spread culture
c. The __________
Ottoman Empire brought __________
Islam
d. The _________ _______ controlled northern Africa after the defeat of Carthage
Roman Empire

2. Imperialism
a. Prior to European domination, African people were ________ divided into hundreds of
ethnic and linguistic groups and continued to follow ________Traditional________
Belifes
Islam
b. Some converted to ________ and ______________
Christianity
c. Due to ______________,
industrialization Europeans competed for new markets to buy goods
imperialism
d. This led to European ____________ 19 th and ___
in Africa in the ___ 20th centuries
the seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country disease
e. Imperialism: _______________________________________________________
f. ________ and African ________
Armies had discouraged European exploration in the past
g. Humanitarians, explorers, and missionaries who were ________theagainst Atlantic Slave
Trade were ________ to travel to the interior
h. In the 1860s, ______
David ____________,
Livingstone a missionary from Scotland travelled to
Africa
i. Feared dead, American ______ _______ found Livingstone near Lake Tanganyika
Henry Stanley
and his greeting “___________________________?”
Dr. Livingstone, I presume became world famous
j. Stanley’s further exploration of the ______
Congo sparked the interest of King Leopold II
of Belgium who took control of these lands with treaties and _________
exploited the people

3. Social Darwinism
National Pride
a. ________ ________led to the desire for more colonies
b. Europeans viewed an ________
empire as a measure of national ___________
greatness
c. Simply put: Europeans ________________________
Belived they were better than other peoples; _______
racism
d. Based on Charles Darwin’s “____________________,”
survial of the fittist European attitudes were a
reflection of a social theory known as ________ _____________
social darwin
e. Essentially they believed those who were the fittest for survival enjoyed ________
wealth
and ________
success and were considered ________
superior to others
f. This colonization push also came from missionaries looking to ______ spread _________
Christianity
g. _______, quinine for malaria helped Europeans push into Africa
Railroads maxim gun, and _______

Berlin Conference
4. The ___________ _____________
a. The discovery of _________ gold in 1886 in South Africa increased
Diamonds in 1867 and _____
European interest in colonization
b. To prevent ____,
war ___
14 European nations met at the Berlin Conference in 1885-85 to
lay down rules for the _______________________
division of Africa
 c. They agreed that any European nation could claim land by ________ other ______
and showing they could ____________________
d. Very ________ ________ was given to how the African groups would ________
e. No ________ ________ was invited
f. By 1914, only ________ and ________ remained free of European control

5. Clash over South Africa

Zulus
a. The ________ British
under leader Shaka fought bravely against the ________
1887
b. Zulus almost win but the Zulu nation fell to Britain in ________
c. ________
Dutch settlers known as ________
Boers settled the Cape of Good Hope in 1652
d. Fought the British when the British ________
British Took________
Over
e. Led to the ________
Boer War ________between the British and the Boers
f. Britain finally won and created the ________ __ ________
Union of South America ________in 1910

6. Legacy of Colonial Rule

a. Negative Effects
i. Africans ________ ________ of their lands and their ____________
Lost Control Independence
ii. Many ________
Died of ________
Smallpox
iii. Thousands ________ ________ European rule
Died Resisting
iv. Traditional ________ _____________
culture breakdown
v. ________ combined or unnaturally ________
division of Africa ________ divided groups
gold
vi. Valuable goods such as ________, diamondswere taken out of the
salt, and ________
profit
continent as well as the ________ that was made

b. Positive Effects
local warfare
i. Reduced ________ ________
ii. ________
sanitation was provided; ________
hospitals & ________
schools built
iii. ________
life spans ________and ________
literacy rates increased
iv. ________,
Railroads ________,
dams and telephone/telegraph wires were built; mostly
benefitted ________
Europeans

Constructive Response Question

Generalize what the European motivations for colonizing Africa were:

so that they could exploit and export Africa's resources.