Page |i

Republic of the Philippines

Batangas State University

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts

Alangilan Campus, Alangilan, Batangas City

PROPOSED LIFESTYLE SHOPPING MALL

Brgy. Pallocan East, Batangas City

Submitted by:

Minette Casalme Alvarez

Ericka Jude Bagos
Ovid Shiaster M. Bayugo
Mark Christian Delos Santos
Ivana Joyce L. Villalobos

.
 P a g e | ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A. Title Page…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...……i

B. Table of Contents……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….…. ii

C. The Problem

1. Background of the Project………………………………………………………………………………….…………....1

.
2. Description of the Project…………………………………………………………………………………………...……2

3. Data Presentation

a. Site Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………………………....…5

i. Macro Site Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………5

ii. Micro Site Analysis……………………………………………………………………………………....16

b. Users Analysis…………………………………………………………………………………………………………19

D. Case Study

1. Foreign Studies…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….30

2. Local Studies………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………31

E. Glossary…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………33

F. References……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...33

G. Annexes…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………35
 Page |1

A. Problem

1. Background of the Project

Batangas city or officially known as the City of Batangas is classified as a 1st class component city located in the province of
Batangas, Philippines. Noteworthy features in this city is the Batangas International Port which is one of the busiest passenger and container
terminal points in the province of Batangas, Philippines and currently is home to a population of 351,437 people and hosts one of the largest
terminals in the Philippines and even the largest oil refineries in the country, power plants and several other major industries. It is due to
these factors and businesses that Batangas city is known as one of the fastest urbanizing cities in the Philippines. Entrepreneurship is a key
factor in promoting social change as well as being a driving force for innovation, entrepreneurs and their businesses are thought of as national
assets that needs to be motivated and cultivated to the greatest possible extent, these businesses have the ability to change the way people
work and even live on both a local and national level thus aiding in contributing to the growth of the economy (Seth,2021). It is thanks to
many different businesses that various places in the world are growing, developing and improving and one of the biggest contributors to
economic growth and employment increase is a shopping mall.

A shopping mall is a term that is North American in origin and pertains to a large indoor shopping center usually anchored by
department stores. “Mall” was a term originally used to describe pedestrian walkways with shops along it but it soon changed during the late
1960’s and now the term mall is then used to describe large and enclosed shopping centers that were common at the time. The construction
of a fashion shopping mall in an area will prove to be advantageous for both the owner of the project as well as the city as a whole. The
impacts of a shopping mall or shopping center on their community were an increase in employment as a result of the jobs that were created,
improvement of local infrastructure and the additional income it provides the local community (van Niekerk & Cloete, 2020).

In the Philippines shopping malls are a popular place for consumers since these structures offer a wide array of products and
services all in one convenient location, which is the reason why shopping malls are a major contributor to the economic growth of the local
community it is in but also has a profound effect or impact on the country in an economic standpoint. From construction of a mall, the project
will already require hundreds if not thousands of workers, until the operation of the mall itself where it will be handled by thousands of
employees who will aid in serving the customers during operating hours, from construction to conception malls aid in the creation of jobs
which in turn positively impacts the economy and living standards of those in the area. In 2015, SM Prime rental revenue from commercial
spaces grew by 12 percent to P40.7 billion wherein 87 percent or P35 billion was contributed by SM Malls, by the end of 2015 SM Prime had
56 malls in the Philippines with a gross floor area of GFA of 7.3 million square meters as well as having six shopping malls located in China
with over 900,000 square meters of GFA, as for Ayala Land, their revenue for their shopping centers reached P13.37 billion in 2015,18
percent higher year-on-year. During September 2015 which is the fiscal year ending, Gokongwei-led Robinsons Land Corp. or RLC, rental
revenues grew by 13 percent to P9.12 billion of which P1.87 billion came from affiliated companies, during that year, RLC operated over 40
shopping malls, malls make their main impact on the economy in the construction phase and will later be in support services according to
Jose Mari Lacson aside from this malls are also the largest employers in the country with RLC handling 100,000 employees in their 44 malls,
100,000 employees in Mega world Lifestyle Malls and SM Prime with 370,000 employees, which resulted in malls contributing roughly 2.4
percent of the country’s gross domestic product for the year 2015 (Abadilla,2016).

The project will prove to be of great aid to the economic growth of the city of Batangas as well as aiding in the elevation of the
quality of life of the people in the city due to the increase of job creation and opportunities that the project entails as well as to serve as a
way to deliver other kinds of services and products that other malls or other structures of a similar nature do not. A structure or project of this
size will require a suitable lot area that is both easily accessible and has ample space to accommodate numerous shops and businesses
while also ensuring their comfort and safety. Constructing a Lifestyle Shopping Mall in the city of Batangas may be challenging due to the
number of already existing malls such as SM Batangas, Xentro Mall, Bay Mall and many more but strategic planning in terms of provided
services and experiences will greatly aid in allowing the project to set itself apart from all the other competition in the area, therefore
generating profit for the client as well as aiding in the development of the city.
 Page |2

2. Description of the Project

Our world changes in various ways every day, which we cannot foresee. The future gives us opportunities in creating boundless
innovation with no limits for our aspirations. Thousands are developed in our reality, structures that are immense, extraordinary and
revolutionary by the discovery of a blooming new age and optimism. Envisioning the world in the future is difficult to predict yet should be
possible by our desire to make a stride. The Philippines has the capability of nurturing the intelligence and characteristic of interacting with
the future, one of its advantages is that its renown to attract its rising tourist population for the magnificent scenery and geographical
terrain. One of the best examples of a developing city that is known for its tourism and good business sectors is Batangas City. It has a
rapid growth that was driven by the improved employment and quality of life opportunities. Grounded by the vision “A well-diversified agro-
industrial center and international gate-way, with a tourist friendly and safe environment and quality infrastructure, powered by a globally-
competitive citizenry, and inspired by transparent, firm, and fair leadership”, Batangas city is supported by good transit networks, including
an international port and accessible roadways that are well-connected to adjacent markets and can attract investments by its business-
friendly environment. (“Why do Business in Batangas City”, n.d.) The primary objective of this study is to come up with a sustainable and
innovative project while preserving and promoting the city’s culture by means of imposing a design solution for a Lifestyle Shopping Mall in
Pallocan East, Batangas City. A lifestyle shopping mall or mixed-used commercial development that combines retail and other facilities such
as restaurants, movie theatres, housing complexes and medical services. It often targets top-class consumers and is located in prosperous
suburban or city regions. Although modern types of projects are relatively new, traditional open-air or strip malls have been around for
decades. Lifestyle centers try to attract customers by providing a more comprehensive and one-of-a-kind customer experience. (Horwitz,
2015).
Although the project has its advantages there are still probable drawbacks and considerations in creating the venture.

a. Possible Business Competitors

The fundamental problem of the project is the existing neighborhood businesses, the location of the site is nearby SM City
Batangas. SM City Batangas is a shopping mall owned and run by SM Prime Holdings. It is the first and leading shopping mall in Batangas
City. The project has other possible business competitors in Batangas City such as Xentromall Batangas, Nuciti Central Mall, WalterMart
Batangas, Bay City Mall, Caedo Commercial Center, Shopwise Batangas City etc. Thus, the project should impose a strategic plan for the
preparation in dealing with commercial competition by means of a thorough research and analysis of the competition, identifying the strengths
and weaknesses of the competitors to implement successful tactics and improve the competitive advantage of the project. ("How to Conduct
and Prepare a Competitive Analysis", n.d.) The project should also execute a Building Design that can create branding opportunities and
attract consumers, this can help to influence the performance and impression of the Project. Among the many structural styles available in
the building market, the uniqueness of a building is what distinguishes it from the competition. (Harper, 2020) The project should create a
design that considers the comfort and health of the consumers.

b. Traffic Congestion, Foot Traffic

Slower speeds, longer trip times, and more vehicular queuing are all signs of traffic congestion on road networks. It is a cost that
people bear in exchange for the various advantages that come with urbanization and increased economic activity. (Odeleye & Umar, 2021)
Traffic congestion is one of the major challenges in Pallocan East Batangas City. This is due to the absence of traffic light supervision and
maintenance alongside the road intersection, heavy vehicles traveling to and from industrial areas along the coast and there is only one
access road for the lot area shared with the Tierra Verde Subdivision. There is also a high rate of foot traffic in the vicinity since a numerous
number of people and workers travel off and on the adjacent site and barangays. Therefore, the project should formulate a design on how
the structure will be accessible for the consumers and how the consumers will be able to park and shop in a pedestrian friendly area. Primary
solution of traffic in excess of supply is to expand capacity or adding lanes to existing roads and adding the right traffic management system
and accurate arrangement for road networks with the help of urban planners, engineers and local officials.

c. Bounded by a flood prone area

The site is a flood prone area caused by the drainage canal connected to Calumpang river beside the project’s zone, Drainage
canal serves as a waterway when the area has significant rains, and it occasionally overflows due to the volume of water. High intensity
precipitation can produce floods if the urban water system and the drainage canals are not able to discharge the dropped quantities of rain.
Water might even enter one area into the sewage system and then be placed on the streets elsewhere in town. (“Flooding in Urban Areas”,
2008) Hence, it should formulate a design solution on how the Lifestyle Shopping Mall will be efficient and has a long-term sustainability for
the environment of the city, it should consider the functionality of the project with the use of a resilient construction that customs a systematic
component of an integrated disaster risk management strategy for the calamities and disaster that will possibly happen. The project should
 Page |3

execute design solutions such as elevating the structure above the flood Level, it should be built with flood resistant materials that is durable
and resistant to excessive humidity. (Cao, 2021)

d. Response to New Normal

In regards to the current situation, concerning to the COVID-19 pandemic, the design of the project will have to conform to health
standards that would allow the users to shop safely, even after the immediate impact of pandemic, the project should consider find new
building strategies to create and preserve cleaner spaces and boundaries. The project should consider discovering the use of new smart
building materials that are specially designed to have multiple qualities and to manage the temperature, magnetic or electrical fields and
moisture by certain external stimulants. The design should also consider the fine line between openness and privacy. Lastly, the design of
the project should be spacious enough and has a flexible design to support social distancing and should incorporate alcohol or sanitary gel
stations for safety against germs and bacteria and should apply the cleanliness, safety and sustainability of the project. (“Into The New
Normal: Architecture & Design Strategies for The Future of Public Space”, 2021)

e. Online Shopping/ E- commerce

The expansion of online shopping has been one of the most severe concerns of attention among the many shopping malls, due to the
proliferation of various e-commerce websites and current trends in customer preference for online shopping. As customers transfer their
focus to online shopping platforms, this increase in the use of online shopping malls has been accompanied by a decrease in total revenues
realized by traditional shopping malls. (Yan, 2018). Internet shopping is a handy method to shop, but people often forget the value of
physically visiting a mall to check out the latest things and businesses, as well as to keep an eye out for impending promotions and
specials. There are many advantages to physically visiting a shopping mall. This lifestyle shopping mall can be a fun social activity, it is not
just a way to bond with family and friends, but also to get to meet new people and interact with them personally. It can also help the body
through exercising by walking around, rummaging over pieces and piles of items it could consider as a workout. It can also help to make
sure and check the quality of the item that the consumer is about to purchase. Lastly, consumers can skip the shipping fees and have their
items right away. (“5 reasons why shopping in the mall is still better than online shopping”, 2018)

In order for this project to be possible, it should relate the general welfare and concern of this project to the city and to the province
with the help of the people and organizations that are involved in the project. The Local Economic & Investment Promotion Office along with
the City Investment & Tourism Office serves as an economic partner in attracting more investments to enhance local economic activities, it
supports projects that have goals to strengthen sustainable economic growth. The Business Permits and Licensing Office collaborated with
USAID, local businessmen, and the Chamber of Commerce for the project to efficiently apply for permits and be assisted by the City
Government in generating income of the city effectively and to help in developing solutions to the needs of local and foreign businesses
looking to invest in the city. The City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office assists in the development of disaster risk reduction
policies and strategies to help prevent new disaster risk, decrease existing disaster risk, and manage residual risk, all of which contribute to
disaster resilience and loss reduction. Public employment services office that aims to achieve full employment and equitable opportunities
for everybody to improve and expand the government's existing employment facilitation machinery especially at the local level. The Planning
& Development Office expanded its responsibilities by collaborating with the Association of Barangay Captains to implement the Community
Based Monitoring System, which provides the Local Government with data and profiles on each barangay's residents. Transportation
Development Regulatory Office that will help to provide efficient transport management schemes that will ease up congestion, shorten travel
along any road sections of the city. The Public Affairs & Assistance Division that designates the production of plans and strategies notably
related to community data and research data to support initiatives of the project authorized to be implemented by the Governor of Batangas
City. Lastly, the City Health office that helps in developing and implementing policies, initiatives, and projects to improve the health of the
community's residents, maintain good sanitation and cleanliness for the project in compliance with the sanitation code.

Through this project, the proposed Lifestyle Shopping Mall will burgeon and greatly help the advancement of the entire province of Batangas.
It will also benefit the following:

a. City Government of Batangas

The project can help utilize the findings to make new ordinances that can be implemented not only on the selected site, but also
to the related future developments in the city. This project will be the arms of the government of Batangas to soar high to cheer-up further
the tourism industry of the province.
 Page |4

b. Community Members of Batangas

The project creates a greater possibility for regular people to participate in external activities, not just for economic development
and progress but also to make the entire development a place of harmony while restoring and maintaining peace. The community benefits
from having a place for people to shop. People are required to work in the stores and to keep the structures in good repair. Shopping malls
help to foster local development and add value to the community as a whole. (Mooney, 2018) This project is a vibrant place where people
can live, work, and shop.

The majority of shopping centers contribute to the community's social and economic well-being, therefore there is a direct link
between the economic and social impacts of shopping center developments. Shopping centers are used for both socio-cultural and economic
reasons, and they often include a variety of retail and leisure establishments. They are locations where people go to relax, exercise, socialize,
and shop for goods and services. Many retail complexes have an integrated role, sometimes in conjunction with another corporate sector.
(Niekerk, Cloete, 2020)

c. Tourism of Batangas City

Architecture is an important and profitable resource for countries with or trying to construct the necessary infrastructure for the
sector. Tourism is a collection of phenomena and relationships resulting from interactions between visitors, capitals, hosting governments
and communities, scientific institutions, transformation enterprises, and tourist hosting and control. One of the most profitable tourist
attractions is artistic and architectural phenomena, which represent each country's civilization, as civilization is a collection of symbols,
historical and cultural revelations that serve as evidence of a nation's fortification and identity, as well as their persistence among other
nations and civilizations. (Taheri, Emamgholi, 2017)

Batangas city is known as one of the fastest urbanizing cities in the Philippines and a center for trade and commerce,
accommodation is the key factor in its tourism growth, therefore, this project will support the improvement of the tourism industry of Batangas
City, to optimize the economic performance, and revenues that generate the construction cost and functionality. This will also help in
promoting the business industry of the Philippines by attracting foreign and local business investors, with the purpose of accommodating the
tourists who lead to improved local economy and revenues and to serve as a new destination and escape for anyone who like architecture,
art, luxury, or simply entertainment. The local economy benefits from the presence of shopping malls as they play a role in the creation of
job opportunities and act as economic stimulators.

d. Economy and Environment of Batangas

Green Buildings are a global answer for cities, communities, and neighborhoods. The visible benefits may not be immediately
apparent to renters or visitors, but green buildings reduce carbon emissions, energy, and trash, conserve water, prioritize safer materials,
and reduce human exposure to pollutants through sustainable design, construction, and management. Green Architecture is profitable, cost-
effective and good for the economy; it also prioritizes people's health and well-being, and an environmental solution. (“Benefits of green
building”, n.d.) Lower risks, longer building lifetimes, improved ability to attract new employees, reduced expenses for dealing with complaints,
less time and lower costs for project permitting due to community acceptance and support for sustainable projects, and increased asset
value are all economic benefits of sustainable building features. Sustainable buildings also provide economic benefits to society as a whole,
such as cheaper infrastructure expenses and reduced costs from air pollution harm, such as avoiding landfills, wastewater treatment plants,
power plants, and transmission/distribution lines. (The Economic Benefits of Sustainable Design, n.d.)

e. Culture Identity of Batangas

Architectural legacy is seen as a long-term physical manifestation of cultural diversity and draws the history of one nation; it shapes
a culture of the nation and it gives continuity, stability and solidarity at the level of the community. Each culture of the society is identified by
its expressions such as language, art and architecture and the cultural analysis has to do with the study of cultural events. Thus, this project
should formulate a design concept that can help the community of Batangas City to determine the identity and the architecture as a social
phenomenon deriving from the influences on culture, while providing necessities for the urbanization and development of the city.
 Page |5

3. Data Presentation

A. Site Analysis (Macro-Micro)

i. Macro Site Analysis

Figure 1.0: Philippine Map

Source: https://earth.google.com/web/

The Philippines, officially known as the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelago in Southeast Asia. It is situated in the western
Pacific Ocean, and consists of around 7,640 islands and is categorized under three geographical divisions namely Luzon, Visayas and
Mindanao. The archipelago is bounded by the Philippine Sea to the east, the Celebes Sea to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the
west and also shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north, Indonesia to the south, Palau to the east and southeast and Japan to the
northeast. The area of the Philippines is 300,000 km2 (120,000 sq mi) and is a multinational state with a diverse array of ethnicities and
cultures. The nation’s capital is Manila, while the largest city is Quezon city wherein both lie within the boundary or area of Metro Manila.

The climate of the Philippines is tropical and maritime, due to this the country experiences high temperatures, high levels of humidity
and an abundance in rainfall. The mean annual temperature of the country is 26.6 degrees Celsius, excluding Baguio. January is the coldest
month with a mean temperature of 25.5 degrees Celsius and the warmest being May with a mean temperature of 28.3 degrees Celsius.
Humidity refers to the amount of moisture in the atmosphere. The Philippines has a high level of humidity due to the surrounding bodies of
water as well as its high temperature and the combination of both of these factors give rise to high sensible temperature especially during
March to May. Rainfall is the most climatic element in the country, rainfall distribution is generally varied between regions but the mean
annual rainfall in the country varies from 965 to 4,064 millimeters annually.
 Page |6

Figure 2.0: CALABARZON Map

Source: https://earth.google.com/web/

CALABARZON is formally called or known as the Southern Tagalog Mainland and is an administrative region in the Philippines
thus being designated as Region IV-A. CALABARZON is composed of provinces such as Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Quezon and Rizal and
even one highly urbanized city called Lucena. According to the Philippines Statistics Authority, CALABARZON is the most populous region
in the country as well as its second most densely populated. Situated southeast of Metro Manila and bordered by Lamon and Bicol region to
the east, Manila Bay to the west, Sibuyan Sea andTayabas sea to the south and Central Luzon to the north.
Back then CALABARZON, together with the MIMAROPA region along with Aurora and several parts of Metro Manila formed the
historical region known as Southern Tagalog in 2002 but was separated by virtue of Executive Order No. 103.
CALABARZON’s history can be traced all the way back to prehistoric times. Three of the tenth century place-names mentioned in
the Philippines' earliest known written document, the Laguna Copperplate Inscription, are thought to refer to regions or polities (Tagalog:
"bayan") along the shores of Laguna Lake, according to local historians; and some Filipino-Chinese scholars believe the tenth century trading
routes were along the shores of Laguna Lake. The region also served as home to important historical figures in the Philippines which includes
its national hero, Jose Rizal who was born in Calamba.
 Page |7

Figure 3.0: Batangas City Map

Source: https://earth.google.com/web/

Batangas is a province in the Philippines which is located in the CALABARZON region in Luzon, it’s capital city is Batangas City,
and bordered by provinces such as Cavite and Laguna to the north, and Quezon to the east. Across the Verde Island Passages to the south
is the island of Mindoro and to its west lies the West Philippine Sea.

The province is one of the most popular tourist destinations near Metro Manila, and home to the Taal Volcano, which is one of the
decade volcanoes as well as Taal Heritage town which contains ancestral houses and structures dating back to the 19th century. The
province has a number of notable beaches and diving spots which includes Sombrero Island in Tingloy, Anilao in Mabini, Sampaguita beach
and Ligpo Island in Bauan, Punta Fuego in Nasugbu, Matabungkay in Lian, Calatagan and Laiya in San Juan.

Batangas city has the second largest international seaport in the Philippines after Metro Manila. The increasing number of business
establishments in the city's Central Business District (CBD) as well as numerous industries operating in the province's industrial parks
demonstrate the city's identification as an industrial growth center in the region and as the focal point of the CALABARZON program.
 Page |8

Physical Characteristics

Figure 4.0: Administrative Map of Batangas City

Source: https://www.batangascity.gov.ph/web/about-the-city/city-profile/batangas-city-map
 Page |9

Figure 5.0: Land Use Map

Source: https://luzis.hlurb.gov.ph/region-iv-a/
 P a g e | 10

Land Area

Batangas City is 282.96 square kilometers (109.25 square miles) in size, accounting for 9.08 percent of its total land area.
According to the 2020 Census, it has a population of 351,437 people. This amounted to 12.08 percent of Batangas province's total population,
or 2.17 percent of the CALABARZON region's total population. The population density is calculated as 1,242 inhabitants based on these
numbers.
The city's land use has shifted dramatically from a major agricultural usage to a fast-developing major urban center, and then to a
large urban commercial and industrial center from 1981 to the present.

Table 1.0: Land Area of Management Zone

Source: https://www.batangascity.gov.ph/web/about-the-city/city-profile/physical-geographical-aspects

Topography

Topography of Batangas Province consists primarily of elevated areas, undulating hills, little low flat regions, and several
mountains. Lobo Mountains in Lobo, Batulao in Tuy, Panay in Mabini, Makulot in Cuenca, Banoy and Pinamucan in Batangas City, Susong
Dalaga in Lipa City, San Pedrino in Southwestern Balayan, Los PIcos and Pico de Loro in Nasugbu, and Compradia between San Juan and
Rosario are some of the province's notable mountains. In general, Batangas has rolling terrain, with less than 15o gradient on around half
of its total area. Along the coastlines of Verde Island Passage and Taal Lake, there are slopes. The average elevation of Mt. Makulot is 957
meters above sea level.
 P a g e | 11

Figure 6.0 Topographic Map of Batangas Province

Source: https://en-ph.topographic-map.com/maps/7u3i/Batangas/

Figure 7.0: Topographic Map of Batangas City

Source: https://en-ph.topographic-map.com/maps/7u3i/Batangas/

The landscape in Batangas City is rolling, with slopes ranging from 0% to 30%. Mount Banoy in Barangay Talumpok Silangan, at
968 meters above sea level and 13.50 kilometers east of the Poblacion, is the highest point. From Sta. Rita Aplaya in the north to Tabangao
Ambulong in the south, the city's coastline barangays are practically level, ranging from 0% to 3%.
The slope rises from 8% to 30% towards the east, beyond the barangays of Mabacong, Simlong, and Pinamucan Ibaba. The
Matuco Point, located on the Batangas Bay at the city's southwest coast, has a 30 percent slope. Verde Island, to the immediate south, is a
mountainous island made up of six (6) barangays with a slope ranging from 3% to 30%.
 P a g e | 12

Table 2.0: Slope and Land Area Percentage Distribution

Source: //www.batangascity.gov.ph/web/about-the-city/city-profile/physical-geographical-aspects

Soil Types and Location

The land area of Batangas City is made up of seven (7) different types of soil.
The following are their types, locations, and agricultural potentials:

Table 3.0: Soil Types and Location

//www.batangascity.gov.ph/web/about-the-city/city-profile/physical-geographical-aspect
 P a g e | 13

Soil of the Plains

Pallocan East Batangas City Contains Calumpang Clay Loam, Clay loam is a form of soil that contains more clay than other rock
or mineral types. A loam is a soil mixture that gets its name from the type of soil that makes up the majority of it. Clay loam usually has a lot
of plant nutrients and can support a wide range of plants and crops. Clay Loam is a type of soil that is rich in clay. Loam is a type of soil
made up of silt, sand, and clay that is good for building a structure. As long as no organic or miscellaneous soils make their way onto the
surface, it's a wonderful alternative for constructing. Rocks such as shale, strong chalk, limestone, and bedrock can all support a lot of
weight.

Water Resources and Drainage

The Batangas City Water District (BCWD) and the Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Associations are the city's two main water
providers (RWSAs). The BCWD has the ability to track the amount of water that is discharged into the distribution system, as well as water
losses and residential water usage trends. The RWSAs, on the other hand, are solely capable of monitoring residential water usage. Pumping
stations and generators of water providers have been updated in terms of infrastructure. A chlorinator, for example, was previously installed
via the emergency shutting valve. Approximately 80% of the water distribution pipes have been replaced with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) pipes.
The BCWD supplies water to its beneficiaries by pumping from groundwater deep wells and distributing it to consumers through the following
systems:
• Low-Level Zones – by gravity from reservoir passing through the brake pressure chamber;
• Medium-Level Zones – by gravity flow from reservoir;
• High-Level Zones – direct-to-line pumping from Soro-Soro Karsada pumping station supported by booster pumping from the
Alangilan pumping center;
• Supplement to Medium – direct-to-line pumping from Kumintang and Calicanto and lowlevel zones pumping center; and
• Barangays Far from the Main Service Area Including Paharang Kanluran, Dumantay, and Dalig - separate water supply
systems using direct-to-line pumping.
The Calumpang River flows through numerous Batangas City barangays, including Malitam, Wawa, Cuta, Pallocan West,
Kumintang lbaba, Gulod Labac, Libjo, Gulod ltaas, Dalig, San Pedro, Tinggaltaas, Tingga Labac, and Barangays 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 of the
Poblacion. The two mouths that enter into Batangas Bay are located between Cuta and Wawa, and the other is roughly two kilometers from
the Batangas port, between Wawa and Malitam. The river is approximately eight kilometers long, with an average width of around 90 meters,
from its mouth in Malitam to the municipality of lbaan's limit. The river has an average depth from San Pedro to Malitam.

Figure 8.0: Hydrogeological Map

Source: https://region4a.mgb.gov.ph/mgb-iv-a-conducts-hydrogeological-survey-in-batangas-city/
 P a g e | 14

Climate
The temperature range from 22o C to 26o C in Batangas City is normally the coolest between December and January. In April and
May, the mean temperature will rise to a maximum of 36oC. September is a month in which the temperature is steadily falling. Batangas
City's driest months in January to April are less than 50 mm per month, with average monthly rainfall. From November to April, the
northeastern mountain or locally called "Amihan" predominates. While it is originally damp, following the passage of the Sierra Madre Range
to the north and east of Batangas it becomes comparably drier.
Disaster Risk Areas

Figure 9.0: Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map of Batangas Province

Source: https://www.batangashistory.date/2018/09/flood-hazard.html

Figure 10: Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map of Batangas City

Source: UPLB Report
 P a g e | 15

The flood and landslide susceptibility map of the City of Batangas is presented above. The UPLB study found that the most
vulnerable to landslides are the hill slope areas in the southern part of the city. This is demonstrated by the tension cracks found in the road
networks and buildings of Barangay Conde Labak. While the low barangays of Santa Rita Aplaya, Santa Clara, Cuta, Wawa and Libjo are
the ones who have the highest risk of flooding. The interior and coastal floods are the two types of floods in the city. The barangays involved
in the study were Sirang Lupa, Libjo, Pallocan and Tinga.
Transportation

a. Land Transportation
Land transportation options in the city are widely available via public transit such as buses, jeepneys, privately owned
vehicles, vans, jeeps, and tricycles. With the introduction of the City's New Traffic Ordinance, the public utility jeepney routes
have been enforced through a color and number coding scheme. For the various routes, parking areas and PUJ terminals have
been constructed. The LTO authorized 4,758 PUJ franchises in 2018, however only 3,209 were given a mayor's permit in 2020.
With the devolution of power to grant franchises, tricycle operators can now apply for their franchise from the Transportation
Development and Regulatory Office, which is under the Office of the City Mayor.

In order to deal with the deteriorating traffic circumstances in Batangas city which were upgraded with electronic timers
to LED signals, the transport sign lights were put along the city's seven main junctions. There have also been approximately 300
traffic signs. The municipal government has also set up a TV camera on P. Burgos St. and Rizal Avenue L as part of the city's
traffic/traffic management programme, and several CCTV cameras have also been installed along strategic locations, including
the Calumpang Bridge and Diversion Road's City Integrated Transport Terminal.

• Water Transportation
According to a Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA) assessment, the Batangas City International Port has
the possibility of serving as the Main Gateway to and from the islands of Mindoro, Marinduque, Romblon, and Palawan
(MIMAROPA), the Visayas, and Mindanao. The Philippine Port Authority (PPA) was restored, developed, and improved to
service not only adjacent island provinces, but also other countries. Domestic vessels headed for Mindoro, Romblon, Masbate,
Iloilo, Aklan, Cebu, and Cagayan de Oro are served by BPDP Phase 1. The port also serves non-containerized foreign vessels,
whereas the Batangas Base Port Phase II, also known as the Batangas Container Terminal (BCT), was built to accommodate
international container vessels as a complement to the Port of Manila and to meet the needs of the CALABARZON and Southern
Tagalog provinces.

Tourism

• Natural Sites

The city features several nature tourist locations which suit local people's and potential tourists' leisure demands. In the
coastal region of the Barangays Pagkilatan and Ilijan and Barangays of San Agapito and San Agustin Kanluran, there are various
beach resorts in Isla Verde, one of the alternative destinations for beach lovers is a two-hour boat trip from Tabangao Aplaya.
Furthermore, the slopes of Mt. Banoy and Matoco Point in Barangay Pagkilatán offer a view of the city, the Batangas Bay and the
Passage of Verde Island.

• Road Connections

The overall length of all roads in the city is expected to be 566.53 kilometers in 2020. There are 77.31 kilometers of national
roadways, 30.54 kilometers of city roads, and 458.68 kilometers of barangay roads. According to the data, asphalt paved roads
have a total length of 155.11 kilometers, concrete paved roads have a total length of 343.16 kilometers, gravel roads have a total
length of 33.41 kilometers, and unpaved roads have a total length of 34.85 kilometers. The length of barangay roads in the city
has increased from 451.81 kilometers in 2019 to 451.81 kilometers in 2020, according to the records. In Batangas City, there are
54 extant bridges and one flyover that connect the national and barangay roadways.

• Public Places and Landmarks

The Plaza Mabini, Immaculate Conception Basilica, Laurel Park, Bantayog Wika, Heroes Walkway, People's Mansion,
Batangas Museum, Puntong Batangan Museum as well as the International Pilgrimage and Conference Center at Montemaria are
a few of the tourist spots in Batangas City.
 P a g e | 16

ii. Micro Site Analysis

Figure 11: Pallocan East, Batangas City Site

Source: https://earth.google.com/web/

The site is relatively flat with high human activity due to the surrounding commercial and residential areas, based on the site, the
north and south side of the location for the project there exists residential areas, notably a subdivision on the south side while on the west
and east side there exists commercial type buildings. The presence of the national road or a state highway on the west side of the site aids
in assuring the ease of access for the site. The high human activity and presence of a national road near the site will prove to be beneficial
as this will ensure that the structure will be able to attract its target users easily.

Areas of concern for the site lies on the fact that the Calumpang River is located on the far western side of the site which can
overflow during heavy rainfall and result in floods which could damage all nearby structures and the presence of SM City Batangas on the
north west side of the site will serve as a form of competition due to both structures being malls in nature, this will prove to be problematic in
terms of the success of the project when it is finished.

Demographics of Pallocan East, Batangas City

a. Population
In the 2015 Census, Pallocan Silangan had a household population of 2,936, divided into 676 households with an average of 4.34
individuals per household.
b. Population by age group
The age group with the most people in Pallocan Silangan, according to the 2015 Census, is 5 to 9, with 283 people. The age
range 75 to 79, on the other hand, has the smallest population, with only 24 people.

c. Population Density
The city has a population density of 12 people per hectare or 1,242 people per square kilometer, with a land area of approximately
28,541.44 hectares and a total population of 354,589.
d. Historical population
The population of Pallocan Silangan expanded from 1,038 in 1990 to 3,286 in 2020. Over 30 years, it grew to 2,248. The latest census
statistics in 2020 indicate that the prior population had increased by 2,40 percent or 350 persons by 2,936 people in 2015.
 P a g e | 17

e. Adjacent barangays

The following barangay(s) share a shared border with Pallocan Silangan:

• Domoclay, Batangas City, Batangas

• Gulod Itaas, Batangas City, Batangas
• Gulod Labak, Batangas City, Batangas
• Kumintang Ibaba, Batangas City, Batangas
• Libjo, Batangas City, Batangas
• Pallocan Kanluran, Batangas City, Batangas

Site Analysis

Figure 11: Site Analysis of the Location

Source: https://earth.google.com/web/

SWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths
• Site is near the state highway Batangas-Tabangao-Lobo Road, allowing easy accessibility for users.
• The location of the site is beneficial as it's bordered by many institutions, such as schools and residential complexes: this feature
is relevant because closeness to a nearby community will aid in the promotion and publicity of the proposed project.
• In comparison to the surrounding terrain, which is prone to flooding owing to severe rainfall, the location is rather flat.
• Availability of power utilities, water utilities and communications on the site.
• Proximity to the City Proper.
 P a g e | 18

Weaknesses
• The site lies near a canal that is prone to overflow and overflooding during periods of severe rainfall, despite being relatively level.
• The adjacent access route, the Batangas-Tabangao-Lobo Rd is generally responsible for traffic congestion and poor vehicle
movement.
• The overall lot size is relatively small, compared to its nearby competitor.

Opportunities
• Can attract more entrepreneurs and businesses to the city or area due to the project acting as a model or standard for other
businesses who also plan to start work in Batangas City.
• The property is next to vacant lots which can be utilized for future construction expansions.
• The site is expected to become a landmark not just in Batangas City, but also throughout the province of Batangas.
• Can help the environment of Batangas City by creating a sustainable and green design.
• Can help in creating new rules and ordinances based on the findings that can be applied not only to the selected location, but also
to future projects in the city.
Threats
• Loss of customers due to proximity and abundance of malls in the city or area.
• Tendency of uncontrollable environmental impacts.
• Population density on the site can impact safety and security of the project.

TOWS Analysis

Threats to Opportunities

Threats Opportunities

Loss of customers due to The project can provide the users with unique experiences that other
proximity and abundance of malls competing malls in the area cannot provide thus allowing the project to
in the city or area. set itself apart from its competitors.

Tendency of uncontrollable The structure may utilize a design approach that not only can withstand
environmental impacts. various weather situations but is also green by nature as to lessen its
impact on the environment and community, this in turn may make the
structure into an inspiration for other projects in the future.

Population density on the site can Proper design consideration, planning, zoning and adherence to the
impact safety and security of the building code of the Philippines will aid in ensuring the safety and
project security of the project.
 P a g e | 19

Weaknesses to Strengths

Weaknesses Strengths

The site lies near a canal that is prone to The project will use design methods or approaches that will allow it to avoid the
overflow and overflooding during periods of risk of floods caused by the nearby canal and the design applied by the project
severe rainfall, despite being relatively level. may pioneer similar methods for other structures in the area in order to also avoid
the risk presented by the nearby canal.

The adjacent access route, the Batangas- The project can consider an efficient circulation and an effective pathway for
Tabangao-Lobo Rd is generally responsible vehicles entering the project so as to aid in decreasing the current traffic
for traffic congestion and poor vehicle congestion commonly observed in the area.
movement.

The overall lot size is relatively small, The project, through careful planning, designing, analysis and consideration will
compared to its nearby competitor. utilize the limited or relatively small space to its full potential allowing it to function
properly and efficiently despite the small lot area.

b. Users Analysis

The proposed Lifestyle Shopping Mall that is planned to be constructed on Barangay Pallocan East aims to provide a unique
shopping experience for both the local citizens and even foreigners. The proposed project will contribute to the growing economy and
popularity of Batangas City as it will be able to provide an increase in job creation and revenue generated will contribute to the growth and
progression of the city as well as boost the tourism sector of the area.

Through the help of local government units (LGU) the project aims to provide the users of the proposed lifestyle shopping mall a space that
meets all safety regulations and standards in accordance to the National Building Code of the Philippines, a shopping experience that is both
comfortable and efficient, and a space that allows the users to utilize the building without any sort of difficulty.

Demographics

According to the data from the Philippine Statistics Authority, as of May 2020, the population of the province of Batangas, excluding
Filipinos in Philippine embassies, consulates and missions abroad is 2,908,494 people based on the 2020 census of population and housing.
The province of Batangas is mainly composed of four component cities and these are Lipa City, Batangas City, Santo Tomas and Tanauan,
with Lipa being the most populous of the four with a population of 372, 931 people, followed by Batangas City with 351,437, Santo Tomas
with 218,500 and finally Tanauan with a population of 193,936 people.
 P a g e | 20

Table 4.0 Total Population of Batangas

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2020 Census of Population and Housing

 P a g e | 21

Population Density

Based on the data collected from the Philippine Statistics Authority, the province of Batangas has a land area of approximately 3,115.05
square kilometers and in the year 2020 the population density was posted at 934 persons per square kilometer. The data represents an
increase of 69 persons per square kilometer (7.9%) from the population density of 865 persons per square kilometer recorded in 2015. As
for the four component cities of Batangas, the city of Santo Tomas is the most densely populated with a population density of 2,290 people
per square kilometer, followed by Tanauan with 1,810 people per square kilometer, then the city of Lipa with 1,781 people per square
kilometer and then Batangas city with 1,242 people per square kilometer which makes it the least densely populated city in the province.

Table 5.0 Population Density of Batangas

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2020 Census of Population and Housing

Proof of Progression

Based on of the number of domestic and foreign tourist arrivals the Province of Batangas ranked as the country’s top 3 destination in 2018.
The province government, Jenelyn A. Aguilera, Head of Public Information Batangas, has ascribed this to the apparent achievement of their
campaign "Fun, food, faith" on tourist sites, gastronomic, cultural and heritage-oriented tourism, through the government of Hermilando
Mandanas. According to statistics data of the Department of Tourism and Industry, from 2019 to 2020, local economy growth in Batangas
City decreased by 10.47%. However, the availability of essential services remained virtually the same; the pandemic happened in 2020
dropped only little by 0.22%. Although Batangas City ranks in the 2020 LGU rankings among the top locally-based economies and productivity
players, its local economic growth and the number of businesses and professional organizations remain behind.
 P a g e | 22

Figure 16: Batangas 2020 Ranking by Economic Dynamism

Source: https://cmci.dti.gov.ph/lgu-profile.php?lgu=Batangas&year=2020

Figure 17: Batangas 2020 Ranking by Economic Dynamism

Source: https://cmci.dti.gov.ph/lgu-profile.php?lgu=Batangas&year=2020

The proposed project that is located in Barangay Pallocan East promises to be a development full of opportunities not only for its
users but also for the client, fellow businesses and even the location or community as a whole as the economic growth and aid to tourism it
provides will prove to be a key in making it a model form of architecture that the city may use as a standard for all similarly natured structures
 P a g e | 23

in the future.The project's aim is to further fuel the pride of the province in its culture with this knowledge by attracting local investors to use
the very own products of Batangas and different types of clients. It will support both the economic and cultural aspects of Batangas in the
midst of the pandemic. Moreover, through the adaptive architecture of that project, people have a sense of membership through social
interaction, in particular in a time of ongoing Pandemic in the Philippines, in which flexible planning and spatial programming are required,
both at this time and at the end of the pandemic. The project aims to provide easy access for products to customers with various needs and
thus promote convenience and receptiveness as well as cultural sustainability at a reasonable cost, given the availability of basic utilities and
the accommodation being two of the lowest scales of the Batangas City Infrastructure Indicator in the 20202 LGU Profiles.

Figure 18: Batangas 2020 Ranking by Infrastructure Indicators

Source: https://cmci.dti.gov.ph/lgu-profile.php?lgu=Batangas&year=2020
 P a g e | 24

Figure 19: Batangas 2020 Ranking by Infrastructure Indicators

Source: https://cmci.dti.gov.ph/lgu-profile.php?lgu=Batangas&year=2020
The proposed Lifestyle Shopping Mall aims to further contribute to the tourism sector of Batangas City as well as its economy.
The project will strengthen the economy of the area due to the number of users it will attract in regards to the unique experience that the
project aims to provide making it profitable while still remaining true to its intended purpose. The increase in job creation will empower the
community as it will help decrease the unemployment rate in the area thus also aiding in uplifting the living standards of the citizens. The
project will also serve as a model for other businesses, further encouraging businesses to also select Batangas city as a location for their
work or business.
Employment and Unemployment Rate in CALABARZON

Figure 12: Labor Force Participation Rate, CALABARZON:

April 2020 to April 2021

Source: http://rsso04a.psa.gov.ph/article/employment-situation-calabarzon-april-2021
 P a g e | 25

In CALABARZON, out of the projected 11.35 million people aged 15 and up, around 64.8 percent, or 7.36 million, are employed.
It means that around 648 out of 1,000 people in the region aged 15 and up were either employed or unemployed. The labor force participation
rate (LFPR) increased by 3.3 percentage points in April 2021 compared to January 2021, and was roughly 6.5 percentage points higher than
April 2020.

Figure 13: Employment Rate, CALABARZON: April 2020 to April 2021

Source: http://rsso04a.psa.gov.ph/article/employment-situation-calabarzon-april-2021

In April 2021, the employment rate (ER) fell 0.3 percentage points from 86.9% in January 2021 to 86.6 percent in April 2021. It is
3.3 percentage points higher than the ER of 83.3 percent in April 2020. In absolute terms, this amounts to 6.37 million people employed in
April 2021, up from 5.36 million in April 2020.

Figure 14: Unemployment Rate, CALABARZON: April 2020 to April 2021

Source: http://rsso04a.psa.gov.ph/article/employment-situation-calabarzon-april-2021

The unemployment rate is projected to be 13.4%, up 0.3 percentage points from 13.1 percent in the first quarter of 2021. The
unemployment rate is 3.3 percentage points lower than it was at the same period last year, when it was 16.7%.
 P a g e | 26

Figure 15: Underemployment Rate, CALABARZON: April 2020 to April 2021

Source: http://rsso04a.psa.gov.ph/article/employment-situation-calabarzon-april-2021

As of April 2021, the number of unemployed people in the region was predicted to be 1.19 million. This amounted to 18.6 percent
of the region's total employed population. When compared to the same period last year, the underemployment rate was 5.1 percentage
points lower. Note that underemployed people are individuals who are employed but indicate a desire for more hours in their current job, a
second job, or a new career with longer hours.

Target Market of the Development

• Citizens or shoppers both local and foreign

• Businesses
• Citizens who need a form of work
• Government of Batangas City

User’s Demography

The target market for the proposed project does not have a fixed geographic border. It is essential to determine the users of the
project as it is necessary in order to monitor the different types of people who will enter or access the services within the site.

Primary Users

The primary users of the project will be the residents who live either inside or outside the boundary of Batangas City as well as the
local entrepreneurs and the unemployed residents of the city.
 P a g e | 27

Secondary Users

The secondary users of the project are the migrants and workers which includes those immigrants and long-term visitors.

Tertiary Users

The tertiary users of the project are the tourists and short-term visitors. These include government delegates, foreigners,
travelers, etc. In order to boost the global competitiveness of the city in economic terms, particularly in light of the region's poor
performance in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this regard, Batangas received over 311,000 tourists in 2019. However,
following the COVID lockdown, the province only received 13,704 tourists, and since the province reopened to scuba divers in October,
Batangas has received 3,272 visitors from July to October. Targeting the global market is important not only for the city's economy, but
also for showcasing the city's culture not only within the country, but also around the world.

Year Number of Tourists in Batangas City

2019 311,000

2020 13,704

Table 6.0 Number of Tourists in Batangas from 2019-2020

Source: businessmirror.com.ph

According to the data from the table, the number of tourists in the city of Batangas on the year 2019 is 311,000 but due to the
recent Covid pandemic, Batangas city only received 13,704 tourists on the year 2020 as a result to stricter travel guidelines and the
community lockdown. Though the decrease in the number of tourists can negatively affect the project, it does not necessarily mean that
people are not allowed to leave their homes at all, though it is strict it is still possible for malls to operate as the services provided by these
establishments are necessary for life such as groceries and many more. Malls are allowed to operate as long as they conform to safety
standards in regards to the pandemic, thus the project will still be able to function and it will be advantageous to employ unique shopping
experiences to the users as it will become a key to success for the project upon its conception.
 P a g e | 28

Organizational Structure of the Lifestyle Shopping Mall

Figure 20: Organizational Structure of the Lifestyle Shopping Mall

 P a g e | 29

Users Behavioral Analysis

Figure 21: Users Behavioral Analysis

 P a g e | 30

D. Case Study

Foreign Researches

Figure 22: Horosho Mall

Source: https://www.archilovers.com/projects/213953/horosho-shopping-mall.html

Horosho Mall located on the Khoroshevskoye highway in Moscow, is a trendy and modern shopping complex. It was designed in
a high-tech architectural style with glass and metal features. The design is based on motion, which is represented by dynamic curves and
intersecting space flows. The entrance group appears to be wrapping itself around the facades project, encouraging someone to follow. The
flooring is the same color as the sidewalk in front of the main entrance. The set dynamics of the pattern continue into the galleries of the
mall, connecting the displays. The mall features five levels of shopping and entertainment zones, as well as a 2-storey underground parking
that can accommodate 800 cars. The total gross floor area of the building is 112,700 m2. The gross leasable area is expected to be 56,000
m2. A small public space is located at the complex's entrance. The main facade faces north, and it is close to the pedestrian promenade that
runs along the complex. The paving pattern that extends from the landscaping to the interior, as well as the entrance area's plastic facade
and light structural windows, visually interconnect outdoor and interior surfaces. The use of media panels on the facade enabled the
elimination of a bunch of exterior advertising elements. It allows a variety of lighting areas to persuade people to enter the building. Despite
its placement on the north side, it allows people to cover the entrance area, open up the sky for sights, and make the architecture more
appealing and pleasant. The location, profile, geo plastics, as well as plant types are all intended to protect people from the negative effects
of the highway. Through a series of tiny squares, the promenade along the facade transforms into the main square of the main entrance.
The neighboring structures are 1980s mass-produced non-heritage housing. These semi-closed spaces promote social interaction along the
complex's facade while still appreciating the neighboring structures and settings. The design emphasizes public spaces and natural light
while also providing a variety of lighting media options.
 P a g e | 31

In conclusion, Qbiss One matt metal panel were used to ensure that the unsightly building in front of the mall does not reflect in its
facades. Non-standard vertical corner components were also used to increase the size of the shopping mall. Radial vertical elements of the
modular facade system Qbiss, including banded, are installed over a facade system area of more than 6,000 square meters. A media screen
can be found at each of the complex's main entrances as well as control systems that enable it to sync the image with color dynamic images
or create independent lighting setups. Light, color, and scripts have the ability to adjust to the time of day, weather, and light conditions. The
mall stands out from the surrounding structures, making it as welcoming as possible to all types of consumers and visitors. The landscaping
creates a comprehensive atmosphere for relaxing and entertaining, not only for a shopping place which is convenient for customers.

Local Researches

Figure 23: Ayala Malls Manila Bay

Source: https://primer.com.ph/blog/2019/10/07/ayala-malls-manila-bay-promises-utmost-entertainment-as-the-biggest-of-its-kind/

Ayala Malls Manila Bay formerly known as Ayala Malls Bay Area located at Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard across the
City of Dreams Manila in Paranaque, is a shopping complex and the largest mall in the Philippines established by Ayala Land Inc. under the
Ayala Malls brand. It has its own life, as evidenced by the 400,000 square meters (gross floor area) of open space populated by numerous
establishments given to different wants and interests. On September 26, 2019, it formally opened its doors. The mall does have a 1-hectare
Central Garden with sculptures by well-known Filipino artists such as with Michael Cacnio, Vito Selma, and Ann Pamintuan, and a multi-
modal transit hub that makes commuting tourists' lives easier. It also has 10 digital theaters, including a 427-seat A Giant Screen cinema
and A Luxe Recliner Seats in selected theatres. With improved graphics and surround sound, the huge screen is ideal for people who want
to fully immerse themselves in the movie they're viewing. It offers a wide selection of high and low-end brands, as well as dining options. It
features spacious hallways, wide walkways, high ceilings, and Ayala's trademark enormous open, green area which is not found in other
malls. The mall features a 5-storey retail area, 5 level BPO offices, and a 350 room Seda Hotel. On the top deck, restaurant bars with
extended hours are available, making for a pleasant night out. In Manila Bay, there are four authorized country-specific shopping zones:
Filipino Village, China Town, Japan Town, and Korea Town. The anchor will be the Landmark Department Store and Supermarket, which
will open on an uncertain date. The neighboring buildings, department store, and supermarket are only a few of the site's unfinished features.

Overall, applying modern and ecological innovations helps the shopping mall to further highlight sustainability as well as opening
up the minds of the Filipinos the benefits of a sustainable environment. The landscaping has both aesthetic and practical benefits: it provides
isolation that reduces the need of cooling during summer and improves air quality through several mechanisms. Furthermore, Ayala Malls
Manila Bay is located close to public transport with excellent connections that would be a great help to empower the community through
 P a g e | 32

good space planning and because of the high level of human activity surrounding the location, the building was able to easily attract its target
clients.

Figure 24: S’ Maison at Conrad Manila

Source: https://conradmagazine.com/s-maison-manila-manila/

S’ Maison located on the first two floors of Conrad Manila Hotel in the sprawling Mall of Asia complex in Pasay City, the Philippines'
capital's newest retail destination. The facility, known as "lifestyle center", is a stunning angular structure that hosts a magnificent 347 room
hotel, spa, event space, and 69 retail spaces. The two-level facility is scattered with seating niches, artworks, and a unique selection of
cuisine concepts, with entertainment provided by three state-of-the-art Director's Club cinemas, each with a cozy 38-seater capacity, and
two of the country's most renowned museums, The Dessert Museum and Lakbay Museo. S’ Maison focuses on a picked mix of restaurants
and shops that add variety to the mall's offerings. The mall has 25,534 square meters in area (274,850 sq ft). SM Prime Holdings considers
the retail area, which opened in June 2017, to be the 62nd SM Supermall in the country. The elegant interior design of the S' Maison was
created by Malherbe, a French design firm, which is said to be inspired by the concept of "Pearl of the Orient". It draws inspiration from the
romantic notion of the Philippines, with shiny surface treatments that create the impression of being inside a dazzling shell and with its
stunning architecture of black and white from the ceiling to the flooring which creates an elegant and modern vibe. In contrast to the traditional
rush and bustle associated with malls as marketplaces, S’ Maison features a refreshing viewpoint on shopping and creates an aura of
serenity. The mall is also connected by an enclosed bridge to SM Mall of Asia, one of the biggest malls in Manila.

To conclude, S' Maison is a sustainable property that has a positive impact on the community. It is focused on leading sustainability,
with a strong focus on providing amazing stays and shopping for customers and guests, as well as supporting communities and innovating
ways to protect our environmental resources. On the other hand, in the Manila Bay Area where the shopping mall is nearby, many parts
have slowly been sinking, causing the populations to be prone to coastal floods which are caused by climate-induced sea-level rise, due to
the excessive groundwater extraction and rapid urban development. As a result, the head of municipal government developed a plan for how
flood-prone districts will improve various flood controls and major waterway rehabilitation. An all-out flood control program has been launched,
which is an effective way of permanently resolving flood problems for good. Moreover, in terms of the flow of spaces, convenience and
efficiency of facilities, refinement of spatial equipment it influenced the popularity of double-function cultural spaces in the market and was
efficient enough to have a long-term sustainability for the environment of the city.
 P a g e | 33

E. Glossary

Access Road-a Road giving access to a place or to another road.

Foot Traffic- a term used to describe the number of people who enter a store, mall or location.
Geoplastics- a change in the relief of the site. Hills and grooves.
Green Architecture- a philosophy of architecture that advocates sustainable energy sources, the conservation of energy, the reuse and
safety of building materials, and the siting of a building with consideration of its impact on the environment.
Green Buildings- a building that in its design, operation and construction reduces or even eliminates the negative effects or impacts that a
normal building has on the environment, instead can create positive effects on the climate and natural environment.
Gross Floor Area- is the sum of the floor areas of the spaces within the building, including the basement, mezzanine and intermediate-
floored tiers and penthouses with headroom height of 7.5ft or 2.2 meters or greater.
Gross Leasable Area- the area in a commercial property designed for the exclusive use of a tenant. Includes mezzanines, upper floors,
basements, shared areas such as public bathrooms or maintenance areas.
Lot Area- is the total area of a property, including the yard up to the boundaries or property line.
Mixed-used Commercial Development- is either a building or a land development that includes both commercial and residential spaces.
Sewage System- infrastructure that conveys or brings sewage water or runoff using sewers.
Social Phenomenon- are individual and external occurrences within a society that influence one’s behaviors, opinions, etc.
Socio-Cultural- to combine social and cultural factors.
Suburban- refers to areas just beyond or outside a city’s borders.
Sustainability- the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
Sustainable Buildings- is an outcome of a design philosophy that focuses on increasing the efficiency of resource use, energy, water, and
materials while also reducing building impacts on both the human health and the environment during the life cycle of the building through the
use of better sitting, construction, design, maintenance, removal and construction.
Sustainable Design- designs that seek to reduce the negative impacts on the environment, health and comfort of the building occupants
thereby also improving the performance of the building.
Pedestrian Promenade- a special walking place meant for use for pedestrians like a boardwalk.

F. References

Seth, S. (2021, July 27). Why is entrepreneurship important to the economy? Investopedia. Retrieved September 13, 2021, from
https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/101414/why-entrepreneurs-are-important-economy.asp.

van Niekerk, B. F., & Cloete, C. E. (n.d.). Socio-economic impact of shopping centers in Gauteng, South Africa. Retrieved from
Socio-economic impact of shopping centers in Gauteng, South Africa.

Dumlao-Abadilla, D. (2016, December 21). Special report: shopping malls boost ph. economic growth. INQUIRER.net. Retrieved
September 13, 2021, from https://business.inquirer.net/221750/special-report-shopping-malls-boost-ph-economic-growth.

(n.d). Retrieved from https://www.batangascity.gov.ph/web/images/Offices/LEIPO/SECTORAL -PROFILE.pdf.

Horwitz, L. (2015, September 30). What is a lifestyle center? - definition from whatis.com. Search Customer Experience. Retrieved
September 13, 2021, from https://searchcustomerexperience.techtarget.com/definition/lifestyle-center.

How to conduct and prepare a competitive analysis. Edward Lowe Foundation. (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2021, from
https://edwardlowe.org/how-to-conduct-and-prepare-a-competitive-analysis/.

Harper, T. F. (2020, June 22). Importance of good commercial building design - t.f. harper. T.F. Harper & Associates LP. Retrieved
September 15, 2021, from https://www.tfharper.com/importance-of-commercial-building-design/.

Odeleye, J. A., & Umar, L. I. (n.d.). Basic design architecture of congestion notification system: A real time road traffic information
enabler. Nigerian Journal of Technology. Retrieved September 15, 2021, from https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njt/article/view/204885.
 P a g e | 34

Flooding in urban areas (urban flooding). (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2021, from
http://www.floodsite.net/juniorfloodsite/html/en/student/thingstoknow/hydrology/urbanfloods.html.

Into the new normal: Architecture & design strategies for the future of public space. Gauzy. (2021, January 22). Retrieved
September 13, 2021, from https://www.gauzy.com/into-the-new-normal-architecture-design-strategies-for-the-future-of-public-space/.

Impact of online shopping on shopping malls. Xaioxing Yan. May 2018

https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1031&context=economics_theses

5 reasons why shopping in the mall is still better than online shopping. INQUIRER.net. (2019, March 15). Retrieved September 16,
2021, from https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/222188/5-reasons-why-shopping-in-the-mall-is-still-better-than-online-shopping.

The value of shopping centers in communities. Eidi Properties. (2019, October 31). Retrieved September 15, 2021, from
https://eidiproperties.com/2018/02/16/the-value-of-shopping-centers-in-communities/.

Tourism improvement based on sustainable architecture and new functions of textures and historical buildings and their alterations.
(2017) from https://popups.uliege.be/0037-9565/index.php?id=7020&file=1

Benefits of green building. Press: Benefits of green building | U.S. Green Building Council. (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2021,
from https://www.usgbc.org/press/benefits-of-green-building.

2.0 the economic benefits of sustainable design. (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2021, from
https://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/buscase_section2.pdf.
 P a g e | 35

G. Annexes

ANNEX A

ACTUAL AND PROJECTED TOTAL POPULATION BY BARANGAY AND BY SEX

Batangas City CY 2020

P a g e | 36
 P a g e | 37

Population Growth Rate (2010-2015) - 1.4554438205408 (1.46%)

Source:
Computed based on latest PSA data on 1.4554438205408 Growth Rate (Philippine Statistics Authority-Batangas Provincial
Statistical Office)
City Planning and Development Office (RESD-CPDO), Batangas City
 P a g e | 38

ANNEX B

The Impact of Architectural Design of shopping malls on Consumer Behaviors:

A Case of Konya
Author: Bilgehan Yılmaz Çakmak & Cihangir Yılmaz (2018)
Abstract
Subject of consumer behaviours has been critical importance for business platform and related disciplines from past to
present. Being able to understand consumer behaviour and identify strategies in this direction have become the most important condition
for survival in competitive conditions. Many researchers produce new studies in order to understand and direct consumer behaviours more
accurately. In time, researchers have elaborated these studies and have begun to link various disciplines such as law, economics,
geography, architecture with consumer behaviour. In this study, it is aimed to determine the relationship between consumption concept
and architectural discipline. Design criteria that increase and decrease consumption preference and quantity have been investigated by
determining the extent to which the interior and exterior architecture affected the consumption habits.

Method

In this study, based on the literature, a conceptual survey of the daily shopping malls has been conducted from past to present. The basic
literature is based on classification and description. By the determined hypotheses, observations, researches and surveys are conducted in
the shopping centers located in Konya. Findings are tabulated and compared by morphological analysis technique. Survey data is
analyzed by SPSS program. In these analyses, differential hypothesis tests (Independent Two Sample T Test, One Way ANOVA Test) and
relationship hypothesis tests (Pearson Correlation Coefficient) are used. Result: As a result, it has been found that the effect of interior and
exterior architectural design of shopping centers on consumer behaviour is related to preferences, demographic data and consumer
behavior. The results of the questionnaire application are influenced by the architectural design of the shopping centers, the amount of
consumption and consumer behaviour. Therefore, the relationship between architectural design and consumer behaviour for shopping
malls should be considered as an important factor in planning.

Case Study

Shopping centers have been opened in Konya since 2000 and they are being used actively. Within the scope of the thesis study, four
major shopping centers in the center of Konya will be examined. In traditional classification; The four malls that are the subject of study are
included in the "regional modern shopping malls" group. Konya Kulesite, Kentplaza, M1 Konya and Novada, are the most used shopping
centers in terms of their location, size and possibilities. In terms of construction year, M1Konya was first built, followed by Kulesite,
Kentplaza and Novada shopping centers.

Conclusions and Recommendations

Human beings, in all stages of life from the first ages to the present day’s lives in an endless consumption. Consumer actions, which has
been unconsciously started from the first moment of life, continues until the last breath is given. While the basic necessities such as food
and shelter, which are necessary for the maintenance of life, constitute the major consumer goods, today's differentiated and diversified
needs have made the concept of consumption much more comprehensive. In the past, the only option for meeting the need for food in the
past is the opportunities offered by nature. Today, thousands of alternatives can easily be reached in restaurants, cafes, markets to meet
the same needs. The manufacturing facilities that industrialization and technology bring together have enabled the provision of
innumerable options in all matters for people to consume. These changes in the concept of consumption have made it possible to create a
highly competitive environment for producers and sellers. Every product and service produced is among many options available to
consumers and has to complete with similar products and brands. This has led marketing departments to seek out different ways to stand
out from the competition and to be different from others, and to investigate consumers preferences, shopping habits, and purchasing
motivations. There are many researches on consumer behaviors today. These studies have shown us that consumer behaviors should be
studied together with basic human behaviors. Another result emerging from the researches is; the only way to build a successful marketing
strategy in terms of brands is the accurate and detailed analysis of personal, psychological, socio-cultural and economic factors affecting
consumer behavior. Markets that conduct these analyzes will be able to create more effective and efficient marketing strategies. The
 P a g e | 39

evolution of consumption has created changes simultaneously in consumption spaces. In the past, arastas, bedestens, caravanseraies,
bazaars, while today, these places are replaced by modern shopping centers. These shopping centers, which emerged in the early 20th
century, are increasing day by day and differentiated. Today, there are many shopping malls types that vary according to their
characteristics. Today's shopping centers have become centers of life built on large square meters, with many different functions inside,
where people can meet their needs like clothing, market, food, and where people have the opportunity to socialize. These centers offer
different architectural designs both indoors and outdoors in order to be places that consumer prefer. In the questionnaire survey, shopping
center's architectural design was divided into 'interior architecture design' and 'outdoor architecture design', and the effects of these
elements on consumer behavior and consumption amounts were investigated. According to the results of the research;

- The effect of the outdoor architectural design of the shopping centers on the consumer behavior is related to the consumers,

- The effect of outdoor architectural design of shopping centers on consumer behavior is related to consumers' preferences of shopping
center,

- The effect of the interior design of the shopping centers on the consumer behavior is related to the consumers, - The effect of interior
design of shopping centers on consumer behavior is related to consumers' preference for shopping center,

- The effect of the outdoor architectural design of the shopping centers on the amount of consumption differs according to age groups
(under 25 years and between 36-45 years),

- The effect of the outdoor architectural design of the shopping centers on the amount of consumption differs according to the income
situation (under 1400 TL and over 5600 TL),

- The effect of the interior design of the shopping centers on the amount of consumption differs according to the education level (High
School Graduate and Undergraduate Graduate), results, have been achieved.

It is seen that the results of the questionnaire application are influenced by the architectural design of the shopping centers, the amount of
consumption and consumer behavior. Therefore, the relationship between architectural design and consumer behavior for shopping malls
should be considered as an important factor in planning. Research has been conducted on the impact of architectural design of shopping
centers on consumer behavior. Within the scope of this subject, shopping centers and stores on the streets can be added to create a
useful work by interpreting the effects of lighting, smell and music on consumer behaviors and the effect of architectural design.

REFERENCES

Argan, M. (2007). Entertainment Marketing, Ankara: Detay Publishing, 25-80.

Arslan, F. M. (2004). Marketing Atmosphere Derin Publishing,
İstanbul İslamoğlu, H. (2002). Consumer Behaviours. Beta Publishing,
İstanbul Karalar, R. (2002). General Management. Eskişehir: Anadolu University
Koç, E. (2012). Consumer Behaviours and Marketting Strategies, Seçkin Publishing,
Ankara Odabaşı, Y. (2009). Culture of Consuming: 'From Convinced Society To Consuming Society. Sistem Publishing,
İstanbul Orhan, İ. (2002). Investigation of Purchased Products in Relation to Gender and Gender Roles, Ankara University,
Social Science Instution, Physicology Master Thesis, Ankara. Topçu, K. (2011). An Evaluation on Shopping Places in Terms of Spatial
Quality: A Comparative Analysis, PhD Thesis, The Graduate School of Natural And Applied Science of Selçuk University,
Konya. Torlak, Ö. (2000). Consumption: Communal Transformation of Personal Functions. İnkılâb Publishing,
İstanbul Uslu, Z. (2006). Development of shopping centers: Konya example. University of Selcuk, Institute of Science,
Konya Yılmaz C. (2017). The effects of Architectural Design to Consumer Behaviors In Shopping Centers: Konya Example, Business
Education Production Management And Marketing Science,