CHAPTER 2

Related Literature

The issue of solid waste management is essential since local resources of

our cities are severely polluted, affecting both people and the entire biosphere.

Despite the urgency of the solid waste management problem, little is being done,

which raises our concerns about the necessity for public participation in finding

sustainable solutions to waste management (Bahukhandi K. D., & Ghosh,

D. ,2015). This literature and the research are similar in that they both examine

the issue concerning solid waste management. The literature offers suggestions

on how to handle wastes in the economy, however this study will focus on the

status of school waste.

The methodology of managing solid waste is generation, storage,

collection, transport, treatment and disposal. The growth status of this publication

classifies the availability of economic capital and the degree of industrialization

development which would affect on solid waste management. (Chouhary S.,

2019). The topic of waste management in an industry is a common theme in both

this literature and this study. The difference between these studies is that this

one is about the availability of economic capital, which has an impact on solid

waste, whereas our study is about status of the school on waste management.

Solid waste management identify as an important service which drastically

increase in volume and cost faster than the rate of urbanization globally.

(Hoornweg & BhadaTata, 2012). This literature and our research both cite solid
waste management as a crucial service, which is where they differ from one

another. Their solid waste management services and the schools solid waste

management services differ in connection of literature.

Castillo, A.L., & Otoma, S. (2013) review that the current municipal solid

waste management has many challenges and difficulties in the country, and

would find possible and innovative ways to manage solid waste issues. Both this

literature and the study suffer challenges and difficulties in managing solid waste,

which is a similarity between the two. In contrast to our study, which will focus on

school waste management, the literature examines municipal wastes, which is

how the two vary.

The existing problems of municipal waste uses the solution of collection,

separation, recycling and disposal, and some suggest improvement of municipal

solid waste systems in the future (Zhang, D.K., Tang, S.K., & Gersberg, R.M.,

2010). This literature as well as the research have one thing in common: both

demand improvement in solid waste management. This one is different since it

deals with municipal garbage, whereas ours deals with the issue of school waste.

Bernardo (2008) observes that households does not recognize the

importance of waste segregation implying the lack of information dissemination

regarding solid waste management from the government. As such, the

household failed to practice segregation for the reasons of lack of time, space

and cost. The absence of information dissemination about solid waste

management from the government is a similarity between this literature and the
research. The literature observes each household's waste management while our

study is to observe the school's waste management.

Related Studies

Solid waste refers to any substance that was worthless, undesired, or

discarded as a result of regular community activity. The discipline involved in the

controlled of the generation, storage, collection, transfer, processing, and

disposal of solid waste could been referred to as solid waste management

(Mishra, A.R., Mishra, S.A. & Tiwari, A.V., 2014). The two studies in this research

—which are related—are both concerning the field of solid waste management.

The distinction between both studies is that the former addressed waste

management, whereas we will address waste management in terms of the

observation of the school's waste management.

The paper of Atienza, V. (2004) discussed the rising trend in the

production of solid waste in the majority of emerging nations. The various

definitions and perspectives of waste, caused the rapidly increasing volume of

garbage produced, and the potentially harmful impacts of waste on the

environment and public health were all covered in the paper. This practice had

made it difficult for most nations to find solid waste management solutions that

were both efficient and sustainable in order to solve waste issues. The study

demonstrated that despite some challenges, some local governments had been

successful in coming up with creative solutions to local solid waste management

issues. This research and past articles share the topic of solid waste
management. The rapidly rising amount of trash generated and the possibly

harmful effects of waste on the human health and the environment were caused

by classifications and perceptions of waste. This study discussed about the

status of the rising production of solid waste, whereas our study will discuss on

the status of the management of wastes.

Arsalan (2018) studied in London, the paper had implemented a number

of strategies, including marketing tools like posters that were posted throughout

the city to encourage citizens to take their waste to the nearby recycling center,

in order to raise awareness about recycling waste materials so that a sustainable

environment can be built. The goal of both of these studies is to urge people to

take their trash to the local recycling facility in order to increase public awareness

about garbage recycling. The difference between these studies is that the former

used marketing tools such as posters that would be displayed throughout the

industry to encourage the citizens, whereas, in this study would not likely use any

marketing tools.

In a private university in Nigeria, Coaker, A. O., Achi, C.G., Sridhor,

M.K.C. & Donnett, C.J. (2015) looked at how solid waste had been managed

there. It was determined that if all of the organic waste streams from the eateries,

cafeterias, and livestock housing were used for bioenergy production, organic

fertilizer production, and the secondary sale of non-biodegradables, a sizable

amount of wealth could be recovered. The analyzation of the status of solid

waste management in an industry is these studies' similarities. The distinction

between the two studies is that the first one focused on a private school in
Nigeria's waste management, whereas this study will focus on Gubat National

High School's waste management.

Joshi, R. & Ahmed, S. (2016) studied in the municipal solid waste

management in India about its status and challenges. To conduct a

comprehensive review of municipal solid waste, the paper evaluated

characterization, collection, and treatment options as practiced in India. The goal

of each of these studies is to evaluate industrial solid waste, including its

characterization, collecting methods, and treatment possibilities. The goal of this

research was to evaluate industrial solid waste, including its characterization,

collection methods and treatment options, whereas the goal of our research is to

observe the status on school waste management.