Unit-2 Packaging By Prof.

Rajshree
Srivastava
Introduction:
Packaging is one of most important parts of marketing. As
clothing is for humans ,packaging is for products.
Packaging refers to the act of designing and producing the
container or wrapper of a product. Packaging plays an
important role in determining customers attitude towards the
product sometimes by looking at the packaging the customer
tries to access the product quality. Attractive packaging is one
of the important factors in success of a product and perform
better .

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

Srivastava
 What is logistical packaging?

 The science, art and technology of enclosing or

protecting products for distribution, storage,
sale, and use. It also refers to the process of
design, evaluation, and production of packages.

 Packaging has a significant impact on the

efficiency and effectiveness of retail supply
chains, where improvements can be achieved
through the adaptation and development of the
concept of packaging logistics.
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
•Packaging Logistics should be considered as an
integrated approach, where both systems of packaging
and logistics interact, complement and adapt to each
other.

 Packaging specifications directly influence the time

required for completing packaging operations which
ultimately affects product lead time and due date
performance (delivery) to the customer.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

Srivastava
 Levels of packaging
 1. Primary Packaging
 2. Secondary Packaging
 3. Transportation
Packaging

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Primary Secondary Transportation
Package package Package

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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 Primary Packaging
It refers to the products for
immediate container.
Example:- Toothpaste ,Colgate,
Pepsodent etc…

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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 Secondary Packaging
It refers to additional layer of
protection that are kept till the
product are ready for use.
Example:- A toothpaste tube
comes in a cardboard box.
When a consumer using the
toothpaste he disposes of box
but retain the primary tube.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

Srivastava
 Transportation Packaging

It refers to further packaging

necessary for storage a
transportation .
Example:- A toothpaste
manufacture may send the
goods to retailer in a
carbolated box.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

Srivastava
Objectives
of
packaging
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
Objectives
 Increases customer service
 Decreases overall cost
 Facilitates easy handling
 Positive impact on layout and
design and overall increase in
warehousing productivity

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Functions/
Benefits
of
packaging
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
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 PURPOSE
Physical Environmental
Marketing
protection protection

Containment Helps to improve

Weight
or material handling
Minimisation
Agglomeration efficiency

Information
Convenience
transmission

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Physical Protection

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Barrier protection

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Marketing

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Containment
or
Agglomeration

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
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Weight Minimization

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Convenience

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
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 Other Functions
• Facilitates storage and reuse
• Facilitates handling and using
• Communication
• Content identification
• Handling instrcutions

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Design Consideration in Packaging
Logistics packaging is designed keeping in
view the following objectives:
1.Material Handling
2.Tarnsportation
3.Warehousing
4.Communication
a. Content identification
b.Tracking
c.Handling instructions Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
Types of Packaging
Material

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

Srivastava
 WOODEN CRATES
Wooden Crates was earlier considered
the best means of packaging fruits &
vegetables to be transported as they
were-
•Readily & cheaply available.
•were tough and durable enough to
handle & the whole transportation
process. But, with the passage of time
increased use of wood created issues.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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 CARDBOARD CRATES

 By the Early 1900’s wooden Crates & boxes were

being replaced by corrugated papers & shipping
cartoons due to their ease of use & low cast. The
Strength lightness & Cheapness of this materials
make it very useful for shipping & strong. These
boxes are available in various shapes,sizes,designs
and colours as per the requirements of the product.
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
PLASTIC CRATES
The fruits and vegetables
industry in extending its use to
plastic crates.
Using plastic crates is one of the
efficient methods of transporting
them through all links of
distribution chain.
Circulation is necessary in fruits
& vegetables industry . In a
vented Plastic Crates the product
can live longer , thus ensuring
fresh delievery to market.
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
Plastic bags
 Plastic shopping bag, carries
bags or plastic grocery bag
are a type of shopping bag
made from various kinds of
plastic . In use by consumer
worldwide. Since the 1960,
these bags are sometimes
called single use bags ,
referring to carrying out
items from store to home.
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
 STEEL

 Steel is a unique packing material having

exceptional performance capabilities and
environmental benefits
 Strong formable and long lasting, steel offers
numerous benefits for the safe packaging of a
wide variety of products.
 It has a recycling rate of over 70% highest of
all.
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
 Glass
 Glass is an ideal packing material for foods
especially liquids. It is in alterable, strong and
easy to recycle. Glass is 100% recyclable and can
be recycled endlessly without loss in quality or
purity.
 Glass is the trusted and proven packaging
material for health taste, and environment

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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 Changing milk packaging
The innovation of packaging of milk has been dependent
upon changes in technology for old chain supply .
Milk in bottles-
*Advantages:
1. Bottles can be reuse.
2. Easy to sanitize.
*Disadvantages:
1. Heavy
2. Easy to break

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Milk in Plastic Container & Pouch
 Easy to mould & transport.
 Lighter than glass.
 Cheaper to produce.
 Convenient.
 Shelter Proof.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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 Milk in Tetra Pack
 Can be recycled.
 User-friendly.
 Attractive design possible , then effective use of
space & materials , efficiency and in storage and
distribution.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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Milk through Vending Machine
 More suitable for distribution in
a cluster of consumer.
 Reduced cost of packaging &
transport.

The first significant development in

packaging of milk for retail sail came
at the very beginning of last sanctuary
with introduction of the process of
sternalized milk in which the retail
cantainer. the glass bottle , formed an
integral & essential part.
Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
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VENDING MACHINE

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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 Reuse of packaging.

Reuse is to use an item again after it has been used. This include
conventional reuse where the item is used again for the same
function.
Tin boxes , glass jars , plastic bottles are example of packaging
which can be reused for storage of various hints after the primary
product contained in package is finished.
There are two dominant consumer maintained i.e. one like to
consult and reuse and other tend to use and throw. The dominant
behavior depend on lifestyle and income endorse with busy
lifestyle & higher income tend to leave towards the latter
category. Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
 Concept of Pyramid packaging for
milk.

The concept of pyramid packaging has evolved in the

ongoing effort to further efficiency in packaging
technology for the same volume. A tetrahedral pyramid
uses less cardboard than a cuboids & therefore is more
cost efficient.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

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 Cost of packaging & who pays it.
Cost of packaging is an
important factor in
determining the type of
packaging used other than
the cost of manufacturing
the package , the type of
package also influences the
cost of storage and
transportation. The type of
container or package can
also increase cost due to
high spoilage more space
greater weight , breakage
etc. Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava
The average packaging cost comes to about 9% of
amount once spent on ones product.
The extent to which the cost is shared between the
consumer and manufacturer depends upon-
• Type of materials used & possibility for reuse.
• Type of competition in market.
• Consumer are now better educated , wealthy &
have high expectations.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

Srivastava
Conclusion
It has been observed from above that –
*scope of marketing of products has
increase due to new innovation in their
packaging.
*increase in cost of packaging increase the
price of the product. So due care should
be taken while planning the nature & type
of packaging.

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree

Srivastava
Thank you!!

Unit-2 Packaging By Prof. Rajshree
Srivastava