ISSN XXXX XXXX © 2016 IJESC

Research Article Volume 6 Issue No. 8

A Study Analysis on Centrifugal Pump Impeller Guide Vane with

Fem Approach by Using Different Materials
Baswaraj.S.Hasu¹, M.Sandeep²
Depart ment of Mechanical Engineering
AVN Institute of Engineering and Technology, Telangana, India

Abstract:
Centrifugal pump is a machine that imparts energy to a fluid. This energy can cause a liquid to flow or rise to a higher level.
Centrifugal pu mp is an extremely simp le machine which consists of two basic parts: The rotary element or impeller and the
stationary element or casing. The centrifugal pumps are widely used in the world because the pump is robust, e ffective and
inexpensive to produce. Centrifugal pu mps are more economical to own, operate and maintain than other types of pumps. In this
thesis, the effect of vane angle change in systems of impeller pu mps is analyzed. Different models of the centrifugal impeller of a
single stage pump by changing the vane angles 160 ,180 and 200 of the impeller. 3D modeling is done in Creo 2.0. Static analysis
and Modal analyses are performed on the impeller to determine stresses, deformations and frequencies by applying the rotational
velocity for different materials Stainless Steel, Aluminu m alloy A356, co mposites S – Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic.
CFD analysis is done by applying the velocity of fluid to determine pressures developed mass flow rates. Static, Model and CFD
analysis is done.

Keywords: FEM, CFD analysis, centrifugal pump, impeller guide vane

Principle of the Centrifugal Pump:
An increase in the fluid pressure from the pump inlet to its
outlet is created when the pump is in operation. The
centrifugal pump creates an increase in pressure by
transferring mechanical energy fro m the motor to the fluid
through the rotating impeller. The flu id flows fro m the in let
to the impeller centre and out along its blades. The
centrifugal force hereby increases the fluid velocity and
consequently also the kinetic energy is transformed to
pressure. Impeller - The Heart o f Centrifugal Pu mps
During the actual study, measurements were obtained in the
impeller and the diffuser at different measuring planes
relative to the diffuser vanes. Experimental study work
carried out on a single stage diffuser type centrifugal pu mp
by AmitSuhane [3]. The flow-induced pressure pulsations,
mechanical v ibrations and noise have been monitored during
the experimentations for five different flow rates by varying
the radial clearance. Experimental results show that by
increasing the radial clearance between impeller and
diffuser, lo wer pulsations, vibration and noise levels has
been achieved.

The impeller is always immersed in the water. When the Design of Centrifug al Pump:
impeller is made to rotate, it makes the fluid surrounding it
also rotate. This imparts centrifugal force to the water Specifications:
particles, and water moves radially out. The rotating Diameter of suction pipe d = 80 mm
impeller imparts a centrifugal force to the water particles Diameter of delivery p ipe D= 80mm
and the water moves radially out.
Impeller in let width b= 11 mm
Literature Review: Total head H= 14m
Mean height = 25m
Performance of impellers with the same outlet diameter Power P = 3HP = 2.2371 KW
having different outlet blade angles is thoroughly evaluated Gravity g = 9.81m2 /sec
by E.C. Bacharoudis, etal [1]. The one-dimensional Pump speed n = 1800 rp m
approach along with empirical equations is adopted for the Density of liquid = 1000 kg/ m3
design of each impeller. The numerical solution of the
Discharge = 10.4 l/ sec = 0.01407 m3 /sec
discretized three-dimensional, inco mpressible Navier-Stokes
equations over an unstructured grid is accomplished with a Diameter of impeller D1 =
commercial CFD fin ite-volu me code. For each impeller, the
flow pattern and the pressure distribution in the blade Efficiency =
passages are calculated and finally the head-capacity curves Maximu m flow rate Qn = π Db V
are compared and discussed. The results of a detailed flow Torque T =
investigation within a centrifugal pu mp equipped with a
vaned diffuser by A. Akhras, etal [2]. The measurements Vane in let velocity Vm = K m
made with a laser-Doppler velocimeter were carried out at
Inlet peripheral velocity U =
the impeller design point.
Diameter of shaft =

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, August 2016 2303 http://ijesc.org/
3D Models of Centrifugal Pump:
Blade Angle 16 0 Blade Angle 18 0

Blade Angle 20 0

Fig.5 - Total Deformati on

Strain:

Structural Anal ysis:

Material – Stai nless Steel
Blade Angle-16 0

Stress:

Fig.1- Imported model

Model Anal ysis:

Blade Angle-16 0
Material – Stai nless Steel
MODE 1:
Fig.2 - Meshed model

Fig.3 - Rotati onal Velocity

MODE 2:

Fig.4 - Fixed Support

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MODE 3: Flu id →Water
Boundary conditions → Inlet → Edit
Blade Angle: - 16 0
Velocity:

CFD Anal ysis:

Inlet Velocity – 50m/sec Pressure:
Imported Model

Mass flow rate:

Mass Flow Rate: 93.639656 (kg/s)
Meshed model: Interior-t rm_srf 193.71036
Out- trm_srf 93.625549
Wall-t rm_srf 0
Net 0.01410675

Structural Anal ysis Results:

For Blade Angle - 16 0
Stress
Deformation Strain
(MPa)
(mm)
Stainless steel 14.907 0.00037192 69.902
S-Gl ass 10.811 0.00026486 22.059
Inlet: Aluminum All oy
13.691 0.00034287 24.173
A-356
CFRP 4.4548 0.00010937 15.979

For Blade Angle - 18 0

Deformation (mm) Strain Stress(MPa)
Stainles 13.554 0.0003712 69.851
s steel
S-Gl ass 9.8313 0.00026425 22.036

A-356 12.447 0.00034225 24.157

Outlet: CFRP 4.0508 0.00010911 15.963

For Blade Angle - 20 0

Deformation Strain Stress(MPa)
(mm)
Stainless 0.056018 0.00039579 75.98
steel
S-Gl ass 0.040326 0.00028785 24.608
A-356 0.05147 0.00036467 26.262
CFRP 0.016636 0.00011797 17.693

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Graphs:

COMPARISON OF DEFORMATION VALUES

FOR ALL MATERIALS AT DIFFERENT ANGLES
16
DEFORMATION (mm)

14 Stainless
12 steel
10
8 S Glass
6
4 A356
2
0
CFRP
16 18 20
BLADE ANGLE (0 )

Deformat ion Vs Blade Angle.

COMPARISON OF STRESS VALUES FOR ALL

MATERIALS AT DIFFERENT ANGLES
80
70
Stainless
STRESS (N/mm 2 )

60 steel
50
40 S Glass
30
20 A356
10
0 CFRP
16 18 20
BLADE ANGLE (0 )

Stress Vs Blade Angle.

COMPARISON OF STRAIN VALUES FOR ALL

MATERIALS AT DIFFERENT ANGLES
0.00045
0.0004
0.00035 Stainless
0.0003 steel
STRAIN

0.00025 S Glass
0.0002
0.00015 A356
0.0001
0.00005
CFRP
0
16 18 20
BLADE ANGLE (0 )

Strain Vs Blade Angle.

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, August 2016 2306 http://ijesc.org/
 COMPARISON OF DEFORMATION VALUES COMPARISION PRESSURE FOR DIFFERENT
FOR ALL MATERIALS AT MODE1 BLADE ANGLES
50 1.50E+04
40 Stainless
DEFORMATION (mm)

Pressure (Pa)
Steel 1.00E+04
30
A356
20 5.00E+03 pressure
10 S-Glass
0.00E+00
0
CFRP 16 18 20
16 18 20
BLADE ANGLE (0 )
BLADE ANGLE (0 )

Pressure Vs Blade Angle.

Deformat ion Vs Blade Angle.

COMPARISON OF FREQUENCY VALUES COMPARISION MASS FLOW RATE FOR

FOR ALL MATERIALS AT MODE1 DIFFERENT BLADE ANGLES
0.016
1000

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

Stainless 0.014
FREQUENCY (Hz)

800 0.012
Steel
600 0.01
A356
400 0.008
0.006 mass flow
200 S-Glass rate
0.004
0 0.002
16 18 20 CFRP 0
BLADE ANGLE (0 ) 16 18 20
BLADE ANGLE (0 )
Frequency Vs Blade Angle.
Mass Flow Rate Vs Blade Angle.
CFD Anal ysis Result:
Pressure Mass flow rate Conclusion:
Velocity(m/s)
(Pa) (kg/s) In this thesis, the effect of vane angle change in systems of
Blade angle impeller pumps is analyzed. Different models of the
1.15e+04 1.22e+02 0.01410675
16° centrifugal impeller of a single stage pump by changing the
Blade angle vane angles 160 ,180 and 200 . 3D modeling is done in Creo
6.09e+03 9.46e+01 0.003074646 2.0.
18°
Static analysis and Model analysis are performed on the
Blade angle impeller to determine stresses, deformations and frequencies
1.01e+04 1.14e+02 0.0049362183
20° by applying the rotational velocity by using different
materials Stainless Steel, Aluminum alloy A356, S – Glass
and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic.
COMPARISION VELOCITY FOR DIFFERENT By observing the structural analysis results, the deformation
BLADE ANGLES and stress values are slightly varying by varying the blade
angles. The deformation values are less for Kevlar and stress
1.50E+02 values are less when CFRP material is used.
By observing the model analysis results, the frequency
Velocity (m/s)

1.00E+02 values are more when CFRP is used, that is the vibrations
are mo re when CFRP is used and the frequency and
deformation values are less when Stainless Steel is used. So
5.00E+01 velocity by structural analysis, using material CFRP is better.
CFD analysis is be done by applying the velocity of fluid to
0.00E+00 determine pressures developed, mass flow rates. By
observing the results, the pressures developed and mass flow
16 18 20
rates are decreasing by increasing the blade angle. So lesser
BLADE ANGLE (0 ) angle is better.

Velocity Vs Blade Angle.

International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, August 2016 2307 http://ijesc.org/
REFERENCES
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Champagne

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International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, August 2016 2308 http://ijesc.org/