Ngs 6.2 U2t Questionblank 62 2

6.
2 Technological World
Unit 2 – Developing Technology
Multiple choice
1. Which of the following machines is driven by animals?
A. Plough
B. Steam engine
C. Weaving machine
D. Windmill
（）
[--Ans: A--]
2. Which of the following machines is driven by water?

A. Plough
B. Watermill
C. Weaving machine
D. Windmill
（）
[--Ans: B--]
3. Which of the following machines is driven by wind?

A. Windmill
B. Watermill
C. Weaving machine
D. Plough
（）
[--Ans: A--]
4. Which of the following machines is driven by humans?

A. Plough
B. Generator
C. Windmill
D. Weaving machine
（）
[--Ans: D--]
New General Studies 208 © Educational Publishing House

6.2 Technological World
Multiple choice
5. Which of the following is not a benefit of machines ?
A. Making work easier
B. Increasing efficiency
C. Protecting the environment
D. Making life easier
（）
[--Ans: C--]
6. Which of the following are benefits of the steam engine? (There can be more than
one answer.)
A. It reduces the use of water power.
B. It works in any location.
C. It can keep people warm in winter.
D. It reduces manpower.
（）
[--Ans: B, D--]
7. Which of the following is not a benefit of the steam engine ?

A. It works in any location.
B. It works in any weather condition.
C. It reduces manpower.
D. It reduces the use of wind power.
（）
[--Ans: D--]
8. Which of the following is not a limitation of the old steam engine?

A. It wastes a lot of time to lift the piston again.
B. It uses a lot of fuel.
C. It takes up too much space.
D. Its efficiency is low.
（）
[--Ans: C--]

Multiple choice
9. Which of the following are benefits of Watt’s steam engine? (There can be more than
one answer.)
A. It does not use any water.
B. It reduces the waste of steam.
C. It uses less fuel.
D. It is not affected by natural disasters.
（）
[--Ans: B, C--]
10. Which of the following did not make use of the steam engine?
A. Ship
B. Train
C. Electric light
D. Weaving machine
（）
[--Ans: C--]
11. Which of the following was not a benefit of the steam engine in driving
machines?
A. It increased productivity in factories.
B. It led to the invention of many machines powered by electricity.
C. It shortened travel time.
D. It improved trade and communication between different places.
（）
[--Ans: B--]
12. Which of the following was a problem brought by the steam engine?
A. It increased costs.
B. It led to air pollution.
C. It decreased productivity.
D. It made the transportation of goods slower.
（）
[--Ans: B--]

Multiple choice
13. Which of the following is not a component of the generator invented by Faraday ?
A. Wire
B. Copper disc
C. Horseshoe magnet
D. Piston
（）
[--Ans: D--]
14. Which of the following machines was invented after 1900?

A. Electric light
B. Television
C. Telephone
D. Generator
（）
[--Ans: B--]
15. Which of the following inventions is not powered by electricity?

A. Air conditioner
B. Washing machine
C. Windmill
D. Computer
（）
[--Ans: C--]
16. Which of the following inventions is powered by electricity?

A. Telephone
B. Generator
C. Steam train
D. Watermill
（）
[--Ans: A--]

Multiple choice
was not a feature of the first computer built by
17. Which of the following
American engineers?
A. It contained over 18000 vacuum tubes.
B. It weighed nearly 30 tonnes.
C. It took up about 170 m2 of space.
D. It could perform 5000 addition calculations per second.
（）
[--Ans: A--]
18. Which of the following are correct descriptions of the first computer? (There can be
more than one answer.)
A. It was heavy.
B. It took up little space.
C. It was used for many purposes.
D. Its performance was very fast at the time.
（）
[--Ans: A, D--]
19. Which of the following is a correct statement about the development of computers ?
A. Computers are used for fewer and fewer purposes.
B. Computers are getting bigger.
C. Computers are getting cheaper.
D. Computers are getting slower.
（）
[--Ans: C--]
20. Which of the following is not an innovative technology?

A. Biotechnology
B. Everyday science
C. Artificial intelligence
D. Development of new materials
（）
[--Ans: B--]

Multiple choice
21. Which of the following items is not made of nanomaterials?
A. Transparent and anti-UV sunscreen
B. Waterproof and antibacterial T-shirt
C. Stainless coin
D. Hard and bendable smartphone screen
（）
[--Ans: C--]
22. Which of the following types of vegetables is not produced by genetic modification?
A. Corn which resists pests
B. Rice which is a good source of vitamin A
C. Grapefruits which have deep red flesh
D. Tomatoes which stay fresh longer
（）
[--Ans: C--]
23. Which of the following are benefits of genetically modified food? (There can be
more than one answer.)
A. It can improve one’s appearance.
B. It can increase food production.
C. It can increase the nutritional value of crops.
D. It can cure diseases.
（）
[--Ans: B, C--]
24. Which of the following are concerns raised by genetically modified food? (There can
be more than one answer.)
A. It may upset the balance in nature.
B. It may lead to food shortages.
C. It may decrease food production.
D. It may damage people’s health.
（）
[--Ans: A, D--]

Multiple choice
25. Which of the following are benefits of biotechnology? (There can be more than
one answer.)
A. It does not raise any safety or ethical concerns.
B. It can increase food production.
C. It can create a new balance in nature.
D. It may be able to provide organs for patients who need organ replacements.
（）
[--Ans: B, D--]
26. Which of the following is not an innovative technology?

A. Virtual reality
B. Automated warehouse
C. Self-driving car
D. Steamship
（）
[--Ans: D--]
27. Which of the following is not a correct statement about 3D printing?

A. It makes a three-dimensional object from a digital model.
B. It lays down materials layer by layer.
C. It takes more time and effort than traditional production methods.
D. It enhances creativity.
（）
[--Ans: C--]
28. Which of the following are correct statements about the automated warehouse?
(There can be more than one answer.)
A. It can reduce manpower and human error.
B. It can only be used when there are humans in the warehouse.
C. It can provide services to customers any time.
D. It does not take up much space.
（）
[--Ans: A, C--]

Multiple choice
29. Which of the following are benefits of innovative technology? (There can be more
than one answer.)
A. AI robots can do dangerous work for humans.
B. It may cause unemployment.
C. It can improve people’s lives.
D. People may rely too much on technology.
（）
[--Ans: A, C--]

Fill in the blanks
1. People in the past invented many ________ to make their work easier, such as the
weaving machine and the watermill.
[--Ans: machines--]
2. A plough is a machine driven by ________.

[--Ans: animals--]
3. A windmill is driven by ______.

[--Ans: wind--]
4. Machines driven by ________ need to be built next to running water, such as a river.
[--Ans: water--]
5. In 1763, James Watt repaired and improved an old ____________.

[--Ans: steam engine--]
6. Steam engines were used in industrial machinery and ___________.

[--Ans: transport--]
7. In a steam engine, ______ is burned to heat up water.

[--Ans: fuel--]
8. The wide use of steam engines damaged the environment because burning fuel led
to ________.
[--Ans: (air) pollution--]
9. Using steam engines in transport made transporting people and ________ faster.
[--Ans: goods--]
10. Michael Faraday invented the first __________ in the world.

[--Ans: generator--]
11. When the handle of the generator is turned, the ___________ rotates between the
two poles of magnet to generate electricity.
[--Ans: copper disc--]

Fill in the blanks
12. A generator supplies __________ to other machines.

[--Ans: electricity--]
13. In 1879, American inventor __________ invented the electric light.

[--Ans: Thomas Edison--]
14. The first computer built by American engineers in 1946 contained over 17000
________.
[--Ans: vacuum tubes--]
15. The first computer was used for _______ and military purposes.
[--Ans: scientific research--]
16. Second-generation computers were _______ in size than fourth-generation

computers.
[--Ans: bigger--]
17. Developing _________ and improving the properties of existing materials are
innovative technologies. Developing nanomaterials is an example.
[--Ans: new materials--]
18. Nanomaterials are a type of new materials developed in the _________ century.
[--Ans: 21st--]
19. Nanomaterials are produced by _________ the tiny parts that make up a substance.
[--Ans: rearranging--]
20. Transparent nanomaterials are used to make anti-_______ sunscreen.

[--Ans: UV/ultraviolet--]
21. Hard and _________ nanomaterials are used to make smartphone screens.
[--Ans: bendable--]
22. Some new glasses frames are made of _________ mixed with carbon fibre. They

Fill in the blanks
are lighter than traditional glasses frames.
[--Ans: plastic--]
23. ___________ lets us produce rice that is a good source of vitamin A, which
supplements the intake of vitamin A to improve health.
[--Ans: Genetic modification--]
24. Cloning raises ethical concerns and can upset the ________ in nature.
[--Ans: balance--]
25. Innovative technology can be used to build _______ and green cities to improve
people’s lives.
[--Ans: smart--]
26. Self-driving cars can head to the destination ___________ without the need of
human control.
[--Ans: automatically--]
27. When there is a traffic jam ahead, __________ systems will suggest choosing
another route.
[--Ans: intelligent transport--]
28. ___________ generates realistic images that do not exist physically.

[--Ans: Virtual reality--]
29. ________ robots can act like humans to help with work.
[--Ans: AI--]
30. AI robots may replace ________ and cause unemployment.

[--Ans: humans--]

Fill in the blanks with word choices
1.
heavy industries light
machines manpower steam engine
1. In the past, humans invented a lot of __________ to help with work.

2. The steam engine helps reduce __________.
3. In 1763, Watt repaired and improved a __________.
4. Steam engines were widely used in __________ and transport in the 18th century.
5. The first computer was __________ and took up much space.
[--Ans: 1. machines; 2. manpower; 3. steam engine; 4. industries; 5. heavy--]
2.
bad computers frozen
generator organs steam
1. Scientists change the genes of tomatoes, which slows down their maturity and
reduces the chance of them going __________ during transportation.
2. Cloning can clone human __________ to help patients.
3. Michael Faraday invented the first __________.
4. Artificial intelligence develops __________ that can act like humans and work for
them.
5. The improved steam engine reduces the waste of __________ and improves
efficiency.
[--Ans: 1. bad; 2. organs; 3. generator; 4. computers; 5. steam--]
3.
coal electricity faster
nanomaterials steam vacuum tubes
1. The transparent __________ used in sunscreen can protect us against UV light.

2. The steam engine generates heat by burning __________.
3. In 1946, American engineers built the first computer which contained over 17000
__________.
4. The fourth-generation computer is smaller, __________ and cheaper than the
previous computers.
5. The generator supplies __________ to drive other machines.

1. The transparent __________ used in sunscreen can protect us against UV light.
[--Ans: 1. nanomaterials; 2. coal; 3. vacuum tubes; 4. faster; 5. electricity--]

4.
factories genetic modification manpower
nature new materials transport
1. Cloning may raise ethical concerns and disrupt the order of __________.
2. __________ driven by steam allowed raw materials and industrial products to be
transported more quickly.
3. Scientists use __________ to improve the quality of food.
4. Innovative technology includes the development of __________ to improve the
features of existing materials.
5. A sewing machine is one of the machines that is driven by __________.
[--Ans: 1. nature; 2. Transport; 3. genetic modification; 4. new materials; 5.
manpower--]
5.
automatically clothes handle
images manpower manual
1. It can be tiring to use __________ to drive a machine.

2. When the __________ of the generator is turned, the copper disc rotates between
the two poles of the magnet to generate electricity.
3. Some __________ made of nanomaterials are waterproof and antibacterial.
4. Self-driving technology allows a car to drive to the destination __________, and
the user can take a rest or perform other activities in the car.
5. Virtual reality technology is used to bring virtual __________ to the reality, so that
people feel as if they have a personal experience.
[--Ans: 1. manpower; 2. handle; 3. clothes; 4. automatically; 5. images--]

Judging
1. Watt’s steam engine did not cause air pollution. （）
[--Ans: --]
2. The washing machine is an appliance powered by electricity. （）

[--Ans: ü--]
3. Products made of nanomaterials have similar functions as those （）

made of traditional materials.
[--Ans: --]
4. Genetically modified food raises food safety concerns. （）

[--Ans: ü--]
5. Artificial intelligence refers to computers acting like humans. （）

[--Ans: ü--]

Judging and correcting
1. The old steam engine used very little fuel. Its efficiency was low.
（　　）
[--Ans: , a lot of--]
2. British inventor Michael Faraday invented the generator.

Many machines
powered by electricity were invented afterwards.
（　　）
[--Ans: --]
3. The first computer was used for industry and scientific research.
（　　）
[--Ans: , military purposes--]
4. Nanomaterials are a type of new materials developed in the 20th century.

（　　）
[--Ans: , 21st--]
5. Some genetically modified food can help solve the problems of food shortages and
malnutrition in poor countries.
（　　）
[--Ans: --]

Matching
1. What drives these machines?
1. Watermill A. Wind
2. Windmill B. Water
3. Plough C. Humans
D. Animals
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. A; 3. D--]
2. What drives these machines?

1. Weaving machine A. Steam
2. Steam train B. Electricity
3. Drying machine C. Humans
D. Animals
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. A; 3. B--]
3. What are some limitations of these machines?

1. Watermill A. It has to be built in windy areas.
2. Plough B. People need to keep animals.
3. Windmill C. It makes people tired.
D. It has to be built next to running water.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. D; 2. B; 3. A--]
4. What were the uses of the steam engine?

1. Industrial machinery A. Weaving machine
2. Sea transport B. Windmill
3. Land transport C. Steam train
D. Steamship
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. A; 2. D; 3. C--]
5. Why are these inventions important?

Matching
1. Steam engine A. It drives other machines.
2. Generator B. It provides people with information and
3. Computer makes their lives easier.
C. It leads to pollution.
D. It supplies electricity to other machines.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. A; 2. D; 3. B--]
6. What are some features of these inventions?
1. Steam engine A. It is eco-friendly.
2. Generator B. It turns kinetic energy to electric energy.
3. Computer C. It burns fuel to produce power.
D. It is widely used and has changed our way of
living.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. B; 3. D--]
7. When were these products invented?

1. Telephone A. In 1831
2. Electric light B. In 1879
3. Television C. In 1925
D. In 1876
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. D; 2. B; 3. C--]
8. What are some uses of these inventions?

1. Telephone A. It allows us to work at night.
2. Electric light B. It allows us to communicate with people far away.
3. Computer C. It provides us with information and entertainment.
D. It keeps us cool when the weather is hot.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. A; 3. C--]
9. What are some uses of these inventions powered by electricity?

Matching
1. Telephone A. It provides light at night.
2. Electric light B. It keeps food cold.
3. Television C. It provides people with information and entertainment.
D. It allows people at different places to communicate
with each other instantly.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. D; 2. A; 3. C--]
10. What are some limitations of these inventions?

1. First-generation computer A. It burns fuel and leads to pollution.
2. Faraday’s generator B. It wastes water.
3. Steam engine C. It is heavy and takes up much space.
D. It needs someone to turn the handle.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. D; 3. A--]
11. Who invented these machines?
1. Telephone A. Michael Faraday
2. Television B. Thomas Edison
3. Electric light C. Alexander Bell
D. John Logie Baird
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. D; 3. B--]
12. What are some benefits of these innovative technologies?

1. Biotechnology A. AI robots can do dangerous work for humans.
2. Artificial intelligence B. Some genetically modified food can help
3. Developing new relieve hunger and solve health problems
materials such as malnutrition.
C. People can make use of nanomaterials to
improve product performance.
D. It can generate electricity.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. A; 3. C--]

Matching
1. Biotechnology A. It helps increase food production and
2. Developing new materials improve food quality.
3. Artificial intelligence B. It does some work for humans.
C. It improves properties of materials and
product performance.
D. It saves money and time.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. A; 2. C; 3. B--]
14. What are some benefits of these technologies?

1. Cloning A. It makes products more durable.
2. Genetically modified food B. They can do dangerous work for humans.
3. AI robots C. It can help patients who need organ
replacements.
D. It increases food production and improves
food quality.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. D; 3. B--]

Matching
15. What are some limitations of these innovative technologies?
1. Biotechnology A. It leads to malnutrition.
2. Developing new materials B. It costs much money.
3. Artificial intelligence C. It upsets the balance in nature.
D. It may lead to unemployment.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. B; 3. D--]
16. What are some features of these genetically modified food items?
1. Corn which resists pests A. It becomes bigger in size.
2. Rice which is a good source B. It increases production.
of vitamin A C. It reduces the loss caused by crops
3. Tomato which stays fresh going bad during transportation.
longer D. It supplements the intake of vitamin A to
improve health.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. D; 3. C--]

1. Facial recognition system A. It shortens travel time.
2. Automated warehouse B. It improves security.
3. Intelligent transport C. People do not need to drive.
system D. Customers can collect their parcels any time.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. D; 3. A--]
18. What are some benefits of these technologies?

1. Virtual reality A. Users can switch their electrical appliances
2. Smart home system on and off remotely.
3. Self-driving car B. People do not need to drive.
C. It generates realistic images that do not exist
physically.
D. It enhances creativity and problem-solving
skills.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____

Matching
1. Virtual reality A. Users can switch their electrical appliances
2. Smart home system on and off remotely.
3. Self-driving car B. People do not need to drive.
C. It generates realistic images that do not exist
physically.
D. It enhances creativity and problem-solving
skills.
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. A; 3. B--]

Classifying
1. Which of the following machines are driven by wind? Which of them
are driven by humans?
1. Driven by wind A. Bicycle
2. Driven by humans B. Windmill
C. Weaving machine
D. Rickshaw
E. Wind turbine
1. _______________ 2. _______________
[--Ans: 1. B, E; 2. A, C, D--]
2. Which of the following machines are powered by electricity? Which of them are
driven by steam engines?
1. Powered by electricity A. Light bulb
2. Driven by steam engines B. Electric fan
C. Steamship
D. Telephone
E. Steam train
F. Radio
1. _______________ 2. _______________
[--Ans: 1. A, B, D, F; 2. C, E--]
3. were invented by American inventors?

Which of the following products
Which of them were invented by British inventors?
1. Invented by American inventors A. Telephone
2. Invented by British inventors B. Electric light
C. Computer
D. Television
E. Generator
1. _______________ 2. _______________
[--Ans: 1. A, B, C; 2. D, E--]

Classifying
4. Which of the following are problems of artificial intelligence? Which
of them are problems of biotechnology?
1. Problems of artificial intelligence
A. It upsets the balance in nature.
2. Problems of biotechnology B. AI robots may replace humans and
cause unemployment.
C. Eating genetically modified food may be
harmful to health in the long term.
D. Animals may be harmed in the
research process.
E. People may rely on it too much and
gradually lose basic living skills.
F. It raises ethical concerns.
1. _______________ 2. _______________
[--Ans: 1. B, E; 2. A, C, D, F--]
5. Which of the following are features of self-driving cars? Which of

them are features of intelligent transport systems?
1. Features of self-driving cars A. They help drivers avoid traffic jams.
2. Features of intelligent transport
B. They show drivers the fastest routes.
systems C. They head to the destination
automatically after drivers input the
destination.
D. They analyse real-time traffic
information.
E. They let drivers rest or do other things
without stopping the car.
1. _______________ 2. _______________
[--Ans: 1. C, E; 2. A, B, D--]
6. Which of the following are features of corn which resists pests? Which of them are
features of tomatoes which stay fresh longer?

Classifying
1. Corn which resists pests A. Longer shelf life
2. Tomatoes which stay fresh longer
B. Reduce loss caused by pests
damaging crops
C. Take longer to go bad
D. Increase production
E. Reduce loss caused by crops going
bad during transportation
1. _______________ 2. _______________
[--Ans: 1. B, D; 2. A, C, E--]

Reordering
1. Arrange the following items based on when they were invented.
A. Television
B. Generator
C. Electric light
D. Telephone
（）→（）→（）→（）
[--Ans: B → D → C → A--]
2. Arrange the following items based on when they were invented.

A. Electric light
B. Computer
C. Generator
D. Watt’s steam engine
（）→（）→（）→（）
[--Ans: D → C → A → B--]

Complete the table
1. What drives the following machines?
Machine Power
Plough 1. __________
Watermill 2. __________
Weaving machine 3. __________
Windmill Wind
[--Ans: 1. Animals; 2. Water; 3. Humans--]
2. What problem did the steam engine bring?

Using the steam engine Problem
Burning 1. ________ 2. Led to ________ pollution
[--Ans: 1. fuel/coal; 2. air--]
3. Who invented the following items?

Item Inventor
Generator 1. ________
2. ________ Thomas Edison
3. ________ Alexander Bell
Television 4. ________
[--Ans: 1. Michael Faraday; 2. Electric light; 3. Telephone; 4.John Logie Baird--]
4. In what ways are modern computers better than first-generation

computers?
Aspect Difference
Size 1. ________
Speed 2. ________
Cost Lower
[--Ans: 1. Smaller; 2. Faster--]
5. What technologies are used in the following products?

Product Technology
Bendable smartphone screens Made of 1. ________
Corn which resists pests 2. ________
Robots that can play chess with humans 3. ________

Complete the table
[--Ans: 1. nanomaterials; 2. Genetic modification; 3. Artificial intelligence--]

Challenging questions (short questions)
1. Steam trains have gradually died out over time. Which country still has a few steam
trains for sightseeing or travelling in remote areas? Give an example.
[--Ans: China. / Japan. / Mexico. (Any reasonable answers.)--]
2. Where was the world’s first mobile phone invented?

[--Ans: The United States.--]
3. By what nature is the current GM food labelling system in Hong Kong?

[--Ans: Voluntary.--]
4. What kinds of unmanned stores are there in Mainland China? Give an example.
[--Ans: Convenience stores. / Supermarkets. / Hotels. (Any reasonable answers.)--]
5. Where is the world’s first smart city?

[--Ans: Dubuque, United States.--]

Current affairs (multiple choice)
1. A small number of steam trains are still running in different parts of
the world. What is their main function?
A. To transport passengers
B. To attract tourists
C. To transport animals
（）
[--Ans: B--]
2. The smart city concept is being realised in Hong Kong. An intelligent

transport system, which consists of a network of video detectors, has
been in place for two years. What does the system monitor?
A. Drivers’ identities
B. Overloaded vehicles
C. Traffic flow
（）
[--Ans: C--]
3. He Jiankui, a Chinese professor, conducted a genetic modification experiment on

twin girls in 2018. What was the purpose of the experiment?
A. To find ways to extend human lifespan
B. To find ways to prevent Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
C. To find ways to prevent cancer
（）
[--Ans: B--]
4. In June 2016, 50 smart lampposts in Hong Kong started operating.

Where are they located?
A. Kwun Tong, Mei Foo and Quarry Bay
B. Tsuen Wan, Mong Kok and Tsim Sha Tsui
C. Kwun Tong, Kai Tak and Kowloon Bay
（）
[--Ans: C--]
5. To strengthen collaboration in the exploration, research and development on

technologies related to artificial intelligence, robotics and big data, the Hong Kong

Current affairs (multiple choice)
Productivity Council
signed a Memorandum of Understanding with a
university in China during AI Impulse 2019. What is the name of the
university?
A. Tsinghua University
B. Peking University
C. Fudan University
（）
[--Ans: A--]
6. Immigration Department introduced ‘Contactless e-Channel’ service on 1 December
2021. What are the procedures Hong Kong residents have to go through to cross the
border with this service? (There can be more than one answer.)
A. Face the machine for facial verification
B. Open the application and scan a QR code
C. Insert the HKID card into the card reader
（）
[--Ans: A, B--]
7. A local university invented a micro-robot ‘Slime’. What are its characteristics? (There
can be more than one answer.)
A. It does not change its form easily.
B. It is sticky.
C. It can pass through tiny gaps in human bodies.
（）
[--Ans: B, C--]

Current affairs (fill in the blanks)
1. At the end of June 2019, there were 50 smart lampposts in Hong Kong, some of
which were equipped with panoramic cameras with artificial intelligence. At the time,
those cameras were only used by the Transport Department to provide real-time
snapshots to the public.
[--Ans: traffic--]
2. In 2019, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology launched a mobile
application called ‘Personalised Real-time Air-quality Informatics System for
Exposure—Hong Kong’ (PRAISE-HK). The application has three main functions:
recommend cleaner routes, provide personalised assessments and alerts, and issue
.
[--Ans: air quality forecasts--]
3. On 3 April 2019, launched the fifth-generation (5G) mobile network, making it

the first country in the world to enter the 5G era.
[--Ans: South Korea--]
4. According to the Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao

Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macao are identified as core
engines for driving regional development, as well as core cities for innovation and
technology.
[--Ans: Shenzhen--]
5. In the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, spectators and athletes will be
greeted by that look like the two Olympic mascots. Little cameras are
mounted on their heads to facilitate interaction with others.
[--Ans: robots--]
6. A university conducted some research. It is found that ____________ diamonds can

inhibit the formation of disease-causing biofilm and are effective in preventing and
treating oral health issues such as tooth decay.
[--Ans: nano--]

Current affairs (fill in the blanks)
7. A university research team used ________________ technology to reproduce two

models of artefacts. Students can touch the artefacts and learn more about Chinese
history and culture.
[--Ans: 3D-scanning--]

Judging (with pictures)
1. Which of the following machines were invented by people a long time ago?
A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A.; B. ; C. ; D. --]
2. Which of the following made use of the steam engine?

A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A.; B. ; C. ; D. --]
3. Which of the following are powered by electricity?

A. Weaving B. Telephone C. Television D. Electric light
machine
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]

4. Which of the following machines powered by electricity were

invented after the invention of the generator?
A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]
5. Which of the following are uses of computer and information technology in daily
life?
A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]
6. Which of the following products are made of nanomaterials?

A. Smartphone B. Basketball C. Doll D. Foam box
screen
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]


7. Which of the following can be improved by genetic modification?
A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]
8. Which of the following are examples of innovative technology?

A. Virtual reality B. 3D printing C. Bus D. Self-driving car
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]
9. Which of the following are benefits of innovative technology?

A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]

10. Which of the following are examples of innovative technology

improving people’s lives?
A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]
11. Which of the following are benefits of AI robots?

A. B. C. D.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
[--Ans: A. ; B. ; C. ; D. --]

Matching (with pictures)
1. Match the following machines with what drives them.
A. B. C. D.
1. Water ( )
2. Electricity ( )
3. Humans ( )
4. Animals ( )
5. Wind ( )
[--Ans: 1. C; 2. ; 3. B; 4. A; 5. D--]
2. What are the inventions in the following pictures?

A. B. C. D.
1. Steam car ( )
2. Weaving machine ( )
3. Steam train ( )
4. Steam aeroplane ( )
5. Steamship ( )
[--Ans: 1. A; 2. C; 3. B; 4. ; 5. D--]

3. What are the inventions powered by electricity in the following pictures?
A. B. C. D.
1. Air conditioner ( )
2. Washing machine ( )
3. Computer ( )
4. Telephone ( )
5. Electric light ( )
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. A; 3. C; 4. ; 5. D--]
4. What uses of the computer do the following pictures show?

A. B. C. D.
1. Communicating with others ( )

2. Obtaining information ( )
3. Online shopping ( )
4. Education ( )
5. Entertainment ( )
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. D; 3. C; 4. A; 5. --]

5. Match the types of genetically modified food with the people they can
help.
A. B. C. D.
1. Crops with improved nutritional value ( )

2. Crops which resist pests ( )
3. Crops which glow in the dark ( )
4. Crops which can grow under bad conditions ( )
5. Crops which do not cause allergic reactions ( )
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. A; 3. ; 4. C; 5. D--]
6. What are the innovative technologies in the following pictures?

A. B. C. D.
1. Virtual reality ( )
2. Automated food ordering system ( )
3. Augmented reality ( )
4. Facial recognition system ( )
5. 3D printing ( )
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. C; 3. ; 4. D; 5. A--]

7. What problems of innovative technology do the following pictures show?
A. B. C. D.
1. Cloning raises ethical concerns. ( )

2. Genetically modified food raises safety concerns. ( )
3. Genetically modified food may upset the balance in nature. ( )
4. AI robots may lead to unemployment. ( )
5. Technologies that are not well-developed may lead to accidents. ( )
[--Ans: 1. A; 2. B; 3. ; 4. D; 5. C--]
8. What are the innovative technologies in the following pictures?

A. B. C. D.
1. Smart home system ( )

2. Self-driving car ( )
3. Automated food ordering system ( )
4. Intelligent transport system ( )
5. Automated warehouse ( )
[--Ans: 1. D; 2. A; 3. ; 4. C; 5. B--]

Classifying (with pictures)
1. Which of the following machines are driven by animals? Which of
them are driven by humans?
A. B. C. D.
1. Driven by animals ( )
2. Driven by humans ( )
[--Ans: 1. A, C; 2. B, D--]
2. following were benefits brought by the steam engine?

Which of the
Which of them were problems of the steam engine?
A. B. C. D.
1. Benefits ( )
2. Problems ( )
[--Ans: 1. B, C, D; 2. A--]
3. Which of the following inventions are driven by steam? Which of them are
powered by electricity?
A. B. C. D.
1. Inventions driven by steam ( )

A. B. C. D.
2. Inventions powered by electricity ( )
[--Ans: 1. A, D; 2. B, C--]
4. Which of the following is the first-generation computer? Which of them are

the fourth-generation computer?
A. B. C.
1. First-generation computer ( )
2. Fourth-generation computers ( )
[--Ans: 1. A; 2. B, C--]
5. Which of the following are innovative technologies? Which of them are not
innovative technologies?
A. B. C. D.
1. Innovative technologies ( )
2. Not innovative technologies ( )
[--Ans: 1. A, D; 2. B, C--]
6. Which of the following are new materials? Which of them are materials used in
the past?

A. Rattan B. Wood C. Porcelain D. Plastic
1. New materials ( )
2. Materials used in the past ( )
[--Ans: 1. C, D; 2. A, B--]
7. Which of the following are products made of nanomaterials? Which of them are
not made of nanomaterials?
A. B. C. D.
1. Products made of nanomaterials ( )

2. Products not made of nanomaterials ( )
[--Ans: 1. A, C; 2. B, D--]
8. Which of the following are types of biotechnology? Which of them are types of
artificial intelligence?
A. B. C. D.
1. Types of biotechnology ( )
2. Types of artificial intelligence ( )

A. B. C. D.
[--Ans: 1. A, D; 2. B, C--]
9. Which of the following are benefits brought by biotechnolo gy? Which of them
are problems raised by biotechnology?
A. B. C. D.
1. Benefits brought by biotechnology ( )

2. Problems raised by biotechnology ( )
[--Ans: 1. A, B; 2. C, D--]
10. Which of the following are benefits brought by innovative technology?

Which of them are problems raised by innovative technology?
A. B. C. D.
1. Benefits brought by innovative technology ( )

2. Problems raised by innovative technology ( )
[--Ans: 1. A, C; 2. B, D--]

Picture reordering
1. Arrange the following items based on when they were invented. Write 1–4 in the ◯
(1 = the earliest).
A. B. C. D.
◯ ◯ ◯ ◯
[--Ans: A. 1; B. 3; C. 2; D. 4--]
2. Arrange the following machines based on how much effort they save. Write 1–3 in
the ◯ (1 = save the most effort).
A. B. C.
◯ ◯ ◯
[--Ans: A. 3; B. 2; C. 1--]
3. Arrange the following computers based on when they were invented. Write 1–4 in
the ◯ (1 = the earliest).
A. B. C. D.
◯ ◯ ◯ ◯
[--Ans: A. 1; B. 2; C. 3; D. 4--]

Short questions
1. What were weaving machines driven by in the past?
[--Ans: Humans.--]
2. Apart from location, what else is the operation of steam engine not affected by?
[--Ans: Weather condition.--]
3. What waste did Watt’s steam engine reduce?

[--Ans: Steam.--]
4. Give an example of the use of steam engine in transport.

[--Ans: Steam train. / Steamship. (Any reasonable answers.)--]
5. What problem does burning fuel lead to?

[--Ans: Pollution.--]
6. What does a generator supply other machines with?

[--Ans: Electricity.--]
7. In Faraday’s generator, what rotates between the horseshoe magnet to generate

electricity when the handle is turned?
[--Ans: A copper disc.--]
8. Who invented the first generator?

[--Ans: Michael Faraday.--]
9. When was the first computer built?

[--Ans: In 1946.--]
10. What are windmills driven by?

[--Ans: Wind.--]
11. What was the first computer used for besides scientific research?
[--Ans: Military purposes.--]
12. Name a use of computers and information technology in daily life.

[--Ans: Entertainment. / Obtaining information. / Communicating with people.

Short questions
(Any reasonable answers.)--]
13. What can AI robots do like humans?

[--Ans: Act.--]
14. What are the benefits of genetically modified food? Name one.
[--Ans: It increases food production and improves the nutritional value of crops.--]
15. Genetically modified food can improve the nutritional value of crops. What health
problem can it solve in poor areas?
[--Ans: Malnutrition.--]
16. Name a problem caused by biotechnology.

[--Ans: It raises ethical concerns.--]
17. A three-dimensional object is made from a digital model using a printer which lays
down materials layer by layer. What is this technology called?
[--Ans: 3D printing.--]
18. Name a problem that may arise when AI robots replace humans.
[--Ans: Unemployment.--]

Long questions
1. How did humans benefit from different kinds of machines, such as the waterwheel
and mill?
[--Ans: They saved manpower and improved work efficiency.--]
2. Why was the steam engine important?

[--Ans: It reduced manpower, drove other machines, and could operate at any
locations and under any weather conditions.--]
3. What are the characteristics of Watt’s steam engine?

[--Ans: It reduces the waste of steam or water, uses less fuel and is therefore more
efficient.--]
4. What is the disadvantage of the steam engine?

[--Ans: The burning of coal produces black smoke and causes air pollution.--]
5. How did the steam engine benefit the society in terms of transportation?
[--Ans: The steam engine made transportation faster and more convenient. It, in
turn, facilitated the transportation of raw materials and goods and improved
communication between different places.--]
6. How does the generator work?

[--Ans: When the handle is turned, the copper disc rotates between the two poles of
the magnet to generate electricity.--]
7. What are the characteristics of the first computer in terms of its weight, space
occupied and usage?
[--Ans: It was heavy, took up much space and was used for few purposes.--]
8. What are the advantages of genetically modified food?

[--Ans: It can increase crop yields and help relieve hunger and food shortage.
Increasing crops’ nutritional value can also help solve health problems, such as
malnutrition, in poor areas.--]
9. How is biotechnology used in medical science?

[--Ans: It might be useful in treating genetic diseases. Cloning human organs may
also save patients who are waiting for organ transplants.--]

Long questions
10. Name a disadvantage of innovative technology.

[--Ans: Unemployment might occur when humans are replaced by robots. People
cannot find jobs to support themselves. (Any reasonable answers.)--]

Experiments
1. Study the following experiment and circle the correct answers.
A. B. C.
1. What will happen to the pinwheel?

( It will be blown away. / The blades will spin. / The blades will move back and forth.
)
2. Which of the following causes the above movement?

( Human power. / Steam. / Heat. )
3. If the beaker is not heated, will the above movement occur?

( Yes. / No. )
[--Ans: 1. The blades will spin.; 2. Steam.; 3. No.--]
2. Study the following experiment

that simulates the operation of a
waterwheel. Circle the correct answers.
A. B.
1. What will happen when water is poured to a paddle?

( The bamboo stick will rotate. / The paddles will rotate. )
2. Which of the following ways can make the waterwheel rotate more quickly?
( Pour a smaller amount of water. / Pour a larger amount of water. )
3. Which of the following ways can make the waterwheel rotate more quickly?
( Pour water from a higher position. / Pour water from a lower position. )

Experiments
A. B.
[--Ans: 1. The paddles will rotate.; 2. Pour a larger amount of water.; 3. Pour water from
a higher position.--]
3. Based on the following test on a homemade toy car, answer the questions.
1. What drives the toy car in the picture?

( Humans / Water / Wind )
2. If a machine is driven by the above power, what are the limitations?
_________________________________________________________________
3. How are most cars powered in everyday life? What problems does this cause?
_________________________________________________________________
[--Ans: 1. Wind; 2. This source of power is affected by weather conditions. The machine
cannot operate when there is no wind. (Or other reasonable answers.) 3. Most cars are
powered by burning fuel. Burning fuel pollutes the air and affects health.--]

Applied science
1. Look at the following picture. A boy is holding a pinwheel in front of the steam
coming from a kettle of boiling water.
What will happen to the pinwheel?

A. The blades will move back and forth.
B. It will be blown away.
C. The blades will spin.
D. It will stay still.
[--Ans: C--]
2. Look at the following picture. A girl is blowing on a pin wheel.
The pinwheel spins the fastest with the air from __________.
A. its front
B. its left
C. its right
D. its back

Applied science
[--Ans: A--]
3. Look at the following picture. The children are watching television.
The television is powered by __________.

A. water
B. wind
C. electricity
D. animal power
[--Ans: C--]
4. The following picture shows a train in Japan.

Applied science
The train is powered by __________.

A. electricity
B. wind
C. human power
D. steam
[--Ans: D--]

Applied science
5. The following picture shows a weaving machine, which is used to make cloth .
This weaving machine is powered by __________.

A. electricity
B. wind
C. human power
D. animal power
[--Ans: C--]

Applied science
6. The person in the picture below wants to buy a sofa.
Which of the following innovative technologies is the person in the picture using?
A. Human cloning
B. Virtual reality
C. Augmented reality
D. 3D printing
[--Ans: C--]

Applied science
7. A businessman is introducing an innovative technology to a farmer.
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of the above technology?
A. Increase the nutrients of crops
B. Reduce food safety concerns
C. Help crops resist pests
D. Make crops stay fresh longer
[--Ans: B--]

Applied science
8. The picture below shows a staff member using innovative technology to record her
time of arrival at work.
Which of the following are benefits of using the above innovative technology?
(1) It saves costs.
(2) It strengthens security.
(3) It increases communication between people.
(4) It is hygienic as it involves no physical contact.
A. (1) and (3) only
B. (2) and (3) only
C. (1) and (4) only
D. (2) and (4) only
[--Ans: D--]

Daily life situations
1. Based on the situation, answer the questions.
1. What is the mother on the left of the picture doing?
2. Why is she doing that?
3. What are the disadvantages or problems of self-ordering systems?

[--Ans: 1. She is using a mobile application to order drinks.; 2. Because it saves
paper and time and is therefore more environmentally friendly and convenient.; 3.
It might not be convenient for people who do not have a smartphone or the
required mobile application. (Any reasonable answers.)--]

1. What type of technology is the pupil in the picture using to help him learn?
2. What can the pupil learn using this type of technology?
3. How can the pupil benefit from using this type of technology?
[--Ans: 1. Augmented reality (AR).; 2. He can learn about the positions and rotations
of the planets in the Solar System using AR.; 3. The three-dimensional images of
augmented reality can present the textbook information in a more interesting and
clearer manner. (Any reasonable answers.)--]

1. The children are playing a game. What type of technology is used in this game?
2. The children can see different scenes using the headsets. Are those scenes
really happening in real life?
3. What are the effects of wearing the headset for a long period of time?
[--Ans: 1. Virtual reality (VR).; 2. No, virtual reality gives users an illusion of being in a
simulated three-dimensional virtual space created by the computer.; 3. The eyes may
get tired. The vision may also be affected.--]

1. What is standing in front of the blackboard?
2. What are the advantages of using this type of technology for teaching?
3. What will happen if this type of technology replaces manpower?
[--Ans：1. A robot with artificial intelligence.; 2. Pupils can learn through interacting and
playing with the robot. Their interest in learning can therefore be promoted. The robot
can also reduce teachers’ workload. (Any reasonable answers.); 3. Unemployment.--]

1. What communication tool are the two girls in the picture using?
2. Suggest one type of communication technology that can replace this tool.
3. Name two inventions that are powered by electricity.
[--Ans: 1. Telephone.; 2. Certain smartphone communication applications allow people

to make audio/video calls anytime anywhere. (Any reasonable answers.); 3. The air
conditioner and the computer. (Any reasonable answers.)--]

1. What kind of gas is shown in the picture?
2. Should the boy touch this kind of gas directly? Why or why not?
3. How did this gas-emitting mechanism affect the development of machines?
[--Ans: 1. Steam.; 2. No, because steam is extremely hot and he can get hurt
easily. ; 3. Any reasonable answers, e.g. steam power was used to drive different
machines, as well as cars and boats, and therefore improved people’s living
standards.--]

1. Which of the umbrellas above is the result of innovative technology?
2. Why is the nano umbrella more expensive?
3. Name another product that is the result of innovative technology.
[--Ans: 1. The super light nano waterproof umbrellas.; 2. Nanomaterial allows users
to shake off the rainwater on the umbrella quickly. The umbrella is sold at a higher
price because the light nanomaterial is more expensive.; 3. Carbon fibre glasses
frames. (Any reasonable answers.)--]

1. What is good about genetically modified tomatoes?
2. Do you think Jenny should buy the genetically modified tomatoes? Why or why
not?
3. Have you ever seen other genetically modified food? Give one example.
[--Ans: 1. Genetically modified tomatoes can stay fresh longer.; 2. Yes, because
genetically modified tomatoes can be kept for a longer time. / No, because there is
uncertainty in the long-term effects of genetically modified food on health. (Or other
reasonable answers.); 3. Corn which resists pests / rice which is a good source of
vitamin A (Or other reasonable answers.)--]

1. What kind of innovative technology is Bruce using?

_________________________________________________________________
2. What benefits does this technology bring to people’s lives?

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3. What problems does this technology bring?

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
[--Ans: 1. Smart home system; 2. The user can monitor and control electrical appliances
at home through the Internet.; 3. People may rely on it too much. If there is no Internet or
if the network fails, smart home systems cannot operate. (Or other reasonable
answers.)--]

High-order thinking
1. What are the similarities and differences between a horse-drawn carriage and a car?
Circle the correct answers to complete the Venn diagram below.
[--Ans: Differences: A horse-drawn carriage is an ancient machine, driven by animal

power and moves slower. A car is a modern machine, driven by the burning of petrol
and moves faster. Similarities: They are means of transport.--]
2. What are the similarities and differences between Watt’s steam engine and the first
generator? Circle the correct answers to complete the Venn diagram below.

High-order thinking
[--Ans: Differences: Watt’s steam engine provided kinetic energy for machines, required
fuels and produced more pollution when operating. The first generator provided
electricity for machines, did not require fuels and produced less pollution when
operating. Similarities: The operation was not affected by the geographic location.--]
3. What are the characteristics of genetically modifie d

food? Write the correct
answers on the _____ to complete the diagram below.

High-order thinking
[--Ans: A. healthily; B. production; C. genes; D. ripening；E. bad；F. loss--]

High-order thinking
4. How does innovative technology improve our lives? Write the correct answers on the
_____ to complete the diagram below.
[--Ans: A. computer; B. printed; C. time; D. virtual images--]

High-order thinking
5. Who invented the following machines? Write the correct answers on the _____ to
complete the timeline below.
[--Ans: 1. Michael Faraday; 2. Alexander Bell; 3. Thomas Edison; 4. John Logie Baird--]

Current affairs
1. Read the news article below and answer the questio ns.
HKU IT staff member witnesses 10 June 2019
network development in Hong Kong
Today, computing facilities can be found almost everywhere in the tertiary
institutions in Hong Kong. It was, however, difficult to find a computer in a university
30 years ago. According to Dr Ho Pui Tak, who has served the University of Hong
Kong (HKU) for 40 years and is now Director of Information Technology Services,
computers were very expensive in the 1970s. To share the computer system with
other tertiary institutions, HKU set up the Joint Universities Computer Centre (JUCC)
in Tsim Sha Tsui. The Centre was mainly responsible for writing computer programs
for academic research. Computer terminals were connected to different institutions
using telephone lines.
Dr Ho says that the biggest computer at the time had a small memory of several
hundred kilobytes (KB). Since then, technological advancement has accelerated the
development of computer technology. All institutions now have their own computers
and systems. As someone who has worked in the information technology (IT)
industry for decades, Dr Ho has witnessed the network development in Hong Kong.
For example, the commonly used domain name ‘.hk’ was created by JUCC. The
Centre also helped launch the first department website for the Hong Kong
government in 1995. He feels very fortunate to have the opportunity to witness the
transition—which he has learned so much from. His work has also given him a
sense of purpose, as well as a way to contribute to the society.
1. Why was the Joint Universities Computer Centre (JUCC) established in the 70s?
2. What was the main function of JUCC?
3. What industry does the interviewee work in?
4. Do you think computers are important in your life? Why or why not?

Current affairs
HKU IT staff member witnesses 10 June 2019
network development in Hong Kong
[--Ans: 1. It was difficult to find a computer in a university at that time as computers

were very expensive. To share the computer system with other tertiary institutions,
HKU set up the Joint Universities Computer Centre (JUCC).; 2. To write computer
programs for academic research.; 3. Information technology.; 4. Any reasonable
answers, e.g. yes, because I need to use the computer to submit my homework
online.--]
2. Read the news article below and answer the questions.
Coal-free power generation with record- 7 June 2019
breaking results in the UK
According to the National Grid Electricity System Operator, the record of the
longest coal-free period in the UK since the 80s was recently broken. No coal was
burned to generate electricity from 17 May to 31 May. Different alternative sources
of energy, such as solar power, wind power, nuclear power, natural gas and
hydropower, were used during the two-week period.
To realise the ultimate goal of operating a zero-carbon electricity system, the UK
government plans to phase out all coal power plants by 2025. The National Grid
thinks there is still a long way to go. However, with more renewable resources
available, the process of energy development is expected to speed up.
On 14 May, a new solar power generation record was set in the UK, when 25%
of the country’s electricity was generated by the sun—the highest percentage since
the country’s adoption of solar power generation.
1. According to the news article, what record did the National Grid set?
2. During the coal-free period, what sources of energy were used to generate
electricity in the UK instead?
3. How does the UK plan to achieve the goal of operating a zero- carbon electricity

Current affairs
Coal-free power generation with record- 7 June 2019
breaking results in the UK
system?
4. What are the advantages of using renewable resources?
[--Ans: 1. The longest period of coal-free power generation in the UK since the 80s.;
2. Solar power, wind power, nuclear power, natural gas and hydropower.; 3. By
phasing out all coal power plants by 2025.; 4. Any reasonable reasons, e.g. it can
help reduce pollution.--]

Gene-editing experiment on twin girls receives 4 June 2019
widespread criticism
Last year, He Jiankui, a former associate professor of the Southern University of
Science and Technology, announced that he had created twin girls, who were
resistant to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in China using gene-editing
technology. His experiment has caused controversy locally and internationally from
ethical and medical viewpoints.
In addition to HIV, He claimed that the baby girls were also immune to other viral
infections. Even though the results of the experiment have yet to be confirmed,
scholars have pointed out that the experiment might have shortened the lives of the
twins. According to a research article recently published in Natural Medicine, an
international academic journal, the two twin baby girls may die early because of
genetic mutation. It also called He’s behaviour extremely dangerous and reckless.
1. According to the news article, what did He announce?

Current affairs
Gene-editing experiment on twin girls receives 4 June 2019
widespread criticism
2. According to the article, how did other scholars feel about the experiment?
3. Why did the research article from Natural Medicine call He’s behaviour extremely
dangerous and reckless?
4. If you were one of the twin girls, would you agree to the gene-editing
experiment? Why or why not?
[--Ans: 1. That he had created twin girls, who were resistant to human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), in China using gene-editing technology; 2. The
majority of the general public disapproved of the experiment, from ethical and
medical viewpoints.; 3. Because the two twin baby girls may die early because of
genetic mutation.; 4. Any reasonable answers, e.g. no, because it could affect my
health.--]

Self-driving vehicles tested in different countries 10 January 2019
It is true that North America and European countries play a leading role in the
development of self-driving vehicles. Asian countries are, however, catching up.
Some have even started testing self-driving vehicles on public roads. Singapore,
which has made great progress in the development of self-driving vehicles, is a fine
example.
With the aim of providing punctual bus services between residential areas and
train stations, the Singapore government is currently testing the technology of self-
driving buses. By carrying the maximum number of passengers using the fastest

Current affairs
Self-driving vehicles tested in different countries 10 January 2019
routes, the buses are expected to help reduce the number of vehicles on the road
and therefore ease traffic congestion. Self-driving buses are expected to start running
in certain areas in 2022. The government also intends to develop self-driving trucks,
as well as self-driving vehicles for street sweeping.
In Japan, several companies have been conducting research on the self-driving
technology. To explore the possibility of offering self-driving taxi service during the
Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, self-driving taxis were tested in some
busy districts in Tokyo last year, with the support of the Tokyo Metropolitan
Government.
Research and development, and testing on self-driving mini-buses and buses
are also carried out in mainland China. There are also plans to export some self-
driving vehicles to other countries.
1. Besides Singapore, which other Asian countries mentioned in the news article
develop self-driving vehicles?
2. In which year are the self-driving buses in Singapore expected to start running?
3. Besides self-driving buses, what other self-driving vehicles does Singapore

intend to develop?
4. Would you be interested in riding in a self-driving vehicle? Why or why not?
[--Ans: 1. Japan and China.; 2. 2022.; 3. Self-driving trucks and self-driving vehicles
for street sweeping.; 4. Any reasonable answers, e.g. yes, because it would be a
great experience as self-driving vehicles are the result of innovative technology.--]

Current affairs
AI robot lawyer consultation saves time and 14 May 2019
money
A mediation and arbitration centre and a university are working together to develop
a robot lawyer. The robot lawyer is basically a conversational artificial intelligence (AI)
system. After a client chats with the robot lawyer online, the AI system will draft a legal
document, such as an employment contract or a family mediation agreement. The
process is similar to consulting with a human lawyer but more flexible in terms of
service hours. Expected to launch by the end of the year, the robot lawyer will make
legal aid more accessible. It will also save time and cost in drafting legal documents,
and let human lawyers focus on more complicated cases.
According to the mediation and arbitration centre, since most divorcing couples are
unfamiliar with divorce arrangements and unwilling to talk to each other, it usually takes
them three to four months to reach an agreement, costing them a lot of money. With the
AI system, clients can choose to chat with the robot lawyer. The system can convert the
conversation into legal language using natural language processing technology. It only
takes the system 5 to 20 minutes to draft a family mediation agreement. The robot
lawyer can even comfort clients who are upset by their divorce.
1. What kinds of legal documents can the robot lawyer draft?
2. What are the benefits of using the robot lawyer to draft legal documents?
3. How long does it take for the robot lawyer to draft a family mediation agreement?
4. Do you think human lawyers would become unemployed because of the robot
lawyer? Why or why not?

Current affairs
AI robot lawyer consultation saves time and 14 May 2019
money
[--Ans: 1. Employment contracts and family mediation agreements; 2. It makes legal aid
more accessible. It also saves time and cost.; 3. Around 5 to 20 minutes; 4. No,
because only human lawyers can handle complicated cases. (Or other reasonable
answers.)--]

Current affairs
6. Read the article below and answer the questions.
Tech companies develop robots to help fight COVID-19 6 December 2020
To control the spread of COVID-19, two local technology companies have

developed a fully automatic delivery robot and a real-time monitoring system.
The fully automatic robot, named ‘Rice’, can lower the risk of transmission by
reducing the contact between hotel staff and people in quarantine. Rice is equipped
with a camera and an ultrasonic sensor. With light detection and ranging (lidar), as well
as simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) technologies, Rice can detect and
avoid obstacles effectively. It can even take the lift on its own. Hotel staff just need to
load it with documents or food and enter the address of the recipient, and Rice will go
to the room automatically and remind the guest to pick up the items. Once the recipient
picks up the items, Rice will return to the charging station automatically. It can operate
24 hours a day, making it suitable for providing services in quarantine hotels.
The real-time monitoring system can remotely monitor the physical condition of
patients and people in quarantine. The user only needs to wear a specially-designed
ring and sensor, and the system will monitor the user’s body temperature, heart rate
and blood oxygen level. If the system detects abnormal conditions, an alarm will ring to
prompt medical staff to check on the user.
1. How do the functions of Rice the robot help with its work? Write the correct letters in
the (　).
(1) Simultaneous localisation (　) (2) Mapping (　)　　　　　
(3) Detecting obstacles (　)　　 (4) Taking the lift (　)　　　　　
A. To plan routes
B. To avoid bumping into people
C. To know its own location
D. To work in a multi-storey building

Current affairs

2. How does Rice operate? Write the answers on the _____ to complete the flow
chart.

Current affairs


Current affairs

3. How does Rice help fight COVID-19?

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4. Through which devices does the real-time monitoring system keep track of the
user’s physical condition? (There can be more than one answer.)
A. Bracelet
B. Ring
C. Camera
D. Sensor

Current affairs

[--Ans: 1. (1) C, (2) A, (3) B, (4) D; 2. A. address, B. room, C. pick up the items, D.
charging station; 3. Rice can lower the risk of transmission by reducing the contact
between hotel staff and people in quarantine.; 4. B, D--]

Case studies
1. Study the case and answer the questions.

The pupils are learning about climate change
in the Arctic using virtual reality (VR). VR offers
users a simulated sensory experience in a
three-dimensional virtual space created by the
computer.
By putting on a VR headset, users can view
everything that happens in the three-
dimensional environment immediately and
freely. Even though the pupils are not actually
in the Arctic, VR allows them to learn about the
environment and different information about the
area.
1. What type of technology are the pupils using?
2. What is virtual reality?
3. What are the characteristics of virtual reality?
4. Do you think virtual reality is a better learning tool than textbooks and videos?
Why or why not?
[--Ans: 1. Virtual reality.; 2. VR offers users a simulated sensory experience in a three-

dimensional virtual space created by the computer.; 3. By putting on a VR headset,
users can view everything that happens in the three-dimensional environment
immediately and freely.; 4. Any reasonable answers: e.g. yes, the three-dimensional and

Case studies
The pupils are learning about climate change
in the Arctic using virtual reality (VR). VR offers
users a simulated sensory experience in a
three-dimensional virtual space created by the
computer.
By putting on a VR headset, users can view
everything that happens in the three-
dimensional environment immediately and
freely. Even though the pupils are not actually
in the Arctic, VR allows them to learn about the
environment and different information about the
area.
realistic images of VR allow pupils to have a better understanding of different concepts
and therefore raise their learning interests.--]

Case studies

Helen’s mother is using the camera of her
mobile phone to scan the food in front of her.
Equipped with augmented reality (AR)
incorporated with artificial intelligence (AI), the
mobile phone can automatically detect food
energy. It helps users control what they eat by
letting them know the calorific value of each
food item.
‘That’s amazing!’ says Helen. ‘Can I scan
all the food on the table together?’ Helen’s
mother shakes her head and says, ‘It can’t
detect the calorific values of all the food items
in the basket at one time.’
1. What type of technology is Helen’s mother using?
2. How does this type of technology help users?
3. What is the limitation of this type of technology?
4. Mobile phones that are equipped with this type of technology are usually more
expensive. Do you think that they are worth buying? Why or why not?
[--Ans: 1. Augmented reality (AR) incorporated with artificial intelligence (AI).; 2. It

helps users control what they eat and prevent them from overeating by letting them
know the calorific value of each food item.; 3. It cannot detect the calorific values of all

Case studies
Helen’s mother is using the camera of her
mobile phone to scan the food in front of her.
Equipped with augmented reality (AR)
incorporated with artificial intelligence (AI), the
mobile phone can automatically detect food
energy. It helps users control what they eat by
letting them know the calorific value of each
food item.
‘That’s amazing!’ says Helen. ‘Can I scan
all the food on the table together?’ Helen’s
mother shakes her head and says, ‘It can’t
detect the calorific values of all the food items
in the basket at one time.’
the food items in the basket at one time.; 4. Any reasonable answers; e.g. consumers
should think of their needs and should not buy these high-tech products out of
curiosity, or simply because they are fashionable.--]

Case studies

Since 1998, the Taiwan Railways
Administration has been restoring steam
locomotives. Trains powered by the restored
locomotives, which now run on a regular basis
as tourist trains, are items of cultural
preservation. However, nearby residents have
repeatedly reported and complained about the
black smoke and whistles from the running
trains. They have even accused the steam trains
of violating the Air Pollution Control Act.
Facing the dilemma between cultural heritage and environmental protection,

Taiwan’s Legislative Yuan is looking into the possibility of revising the Cultural
Heritage Preservation Act. Under the revised Act, steam locomotives would be
considered tangible cultural heritage items. Different actions of the trains, like emitting
smoke and whistling, would also become part of the ‘dynamic cultural heritage’. The
steam trains would therefore be exempted from the Air Pollution Control Act.
Still, some people doubt whether cultural heritage should be preserved at the
cost of the environment.
1. What has the Taiwan Railways Administration been doing since 1988?
2. What problems do the steam trains create when they are running?
3. What is Taiwan trying to do to solve the dilemma between cultural heritage and
environment protection?
4. Do you agree that the steam trains should be running? Why or why not?

Case studies
Since 1998, the Taiwan Railways
Administration has been restoring steam
locomotives. Trains powered by the restored
locomotives, which now run on a regular basis
as tourist trains, are items of cultural
preservation. However, nearby residents have
repeatedly reported and complained about the
black smoke and whistles from the running
trains. They have even accused the steam trains
of violating the Air Pollution Control Act.
[--Ans: 1. It has been restoring steam locomotives.; 2. The black smoke and whistles
from the running trains cause air pollution and noise pollution.; 3. Taiwan is trying to
revise the legislation / Cultural Heritage Preservation Act.; 4. Any reasonable
answers; e.g. no, because the cost is too high and the damage to the environment is
irreversible.--]

Case studies
　　 Facial recognition systems are becoming
widely used in daily life. Even smartphone
cameras come with facial recognition for features
such as unlocking the phone and capturing
portraits. Although facial recognition brings
convenience, it also raises concerns about privacy.
A zoo in Hangzhou, China installed a facial
recognition system. Annual pass holders had to
register for facial recognition to enter the zoo,
replacing the fingerprint recognition system. A
university professor sued the zoo, stating that
biometrics such as facial features are sensitive
personal data. If the data is abused or leaked, the
safety and property of consumers would be
threatened.
The zoo claimed that it switched to facial
recognition to allow visitors to enter the zoo more
quickly. A court in Hangzhou officially accepted the
case.
1. Based on the article, what technology did the zoo introduce to allow visitors to enter
the zoo more quickly?
____________________
2. Why were some people against the zoo introducing the above technology?
___________________
3. Who do you agree with more, the zoo or the professor who sued the zoo? Why?
________________
[--Ans: 1. Facial recognition system; 2. Biometrics such as facial features are sensitive
personal data. If the data is abused or leaked, the safety and property of consumers would
be threatened.; 3. I agree with the professor more because we should be careful with our
personal data and protect it from being abused. (Or other reasonable answers.)--]

Case studies

Data analysis
1. Read the information below and answer the questions.
According to an international research and consulting organisation, the global
business value derived from artificial intelligence (AI) is estimated to be US$1.2
trillion. Although Hong Kong is still at an early stage of AI development, Al has already
been used in different sectors.
One of the sectors using AI is the financial and banking industry. For example, the
Bank of China has set up a smart banking centre, in which chatbots are used to
handle customers’ enquiries and therefore promote communication efficiency. The
Standard Chartered Bank has opened a financial technology (fintech) innovation lab
to recruit fintech startup companies such as developers of AI cash flow management
tools. The bank hopes the lab can help solve different business problems through
promoting innovative technology and exploring the emerging financial technologies
and data science in the region.
In the health care sector, the Faculty of Medicine of the Chinese University of
Hong Kong has discovered how to use AI to help endoscopists identify polyps, which
in turn has promoted health care efficiency. As for the travel industry, some travel
agents use AI to provide assistance to travellers 24 hours a day. Regarding the
application in the education sector, some companies have developed products to help
people prepare for music exams. For example, AI is used to analyse instrumental
performances and offer recommendations on areas like tempo and pitch.
Source: Adapted from a newspaper article dated 8 May 2018
1. According to the information, which of the following descriptions is correct? Circle
the correct letter.
A. AI technology is well developed in Hong Kong.
B. AI helps improve work efficiency.
C. Al technology is inexpensive.
2. Are the following descriptions about the application of AI in the financial and
banking industry correct? If yes, put a  in the ( ).
（　） A. Chatbots can handle customers’ enquiries 24 hours a day.
（　） B. Because of the use of AI, people do not need to go to the bank in
person.
（　） C. The use of financial technology and data science help solve

Data analysis

different business problems.
（　） D. Innovative technology can increase bank revenue.
（　） E. The use of chatbots to handle customers’ enquiries promotes
communication efficiency.
3. How is AI applied in the health care industry?
4. How does AI help people prepare for music exams?
5. AI makes life more convenient, but it may also cause problems. Can you give an
example?

Data analysis

[--Ans: 1. B; 2. C, E；3. The Faculty of Medicine of the Chinese University of Hong

Kong has discovered how to use AI to help endoscopists identify polyps, which in
turn has promoted health care efficiency.; 4. AI is used to analyse instrumental
performances and offer recommendations on areas like tempo and pitch.; 5. AI may
replace jobs and cause unemployment.--]

Data analysis
Some of the eyeglass frames in the market are made of new materials so that
they can function better and are more comfortable to wear. The following are some
common materials:
(1) Carbon Fibre
It is lighter than aluminium metal and stronger than steel. It is also wear
resistant and corrosion resistant.
(2) TR90
One of the most popular super lightweight materials for eyeglass frames. TR90
frames are more colourful than the plastic ones. The material is heat resistant
and can retain its shape in high temperatures (over 380C).
(3) Memory plastic
The frame made of this non-metallic material is light, flexible and can be twisted
in different shapes. It may change its shape initially when external force is
applied. It will recover its original shape gradually.
1. Which of the following descriptions about new eyeglass frame materials is

correct? Circle the correct letter.
A. New eyeglass frame materials are lighter than the traditional ones.
B. All new eyeglass frame materials can withstand high temperatures.
C. All new eyeglass frame materials can recover their shapes when external
force is applied.
2. Are the following new eyeglass frame materials? If yes, put a  in the ( ).
（　） A. Memory plastic
（　） B. TR90
（　） C. Metal
（　） D. Plastic
（　） E. Carbon fibre
3. Can eyeglass frames made of memory plastic withstand external force? Why or
why not?
4. Name one newly invented material and a related product.

Data analysis
Some of the eyeglass frames in the market are made of new materials so that
they can function better and are more comfortable to wear. The following are some
common materials:
(1) Carbon Fibre
It is lighter than aluminium metal and stronger than steel. It is also wear
resistant and corrosion resistant.
(2) TR90
One of the most popular super lightweight materials for eyeglass frames. TR90
frames are more colourful than the plastic ones. The material is heat resistant
and can retain its shape in high temperatures (over 380C).
(3) Memory plastic
The frame made of this non-metallic material is light, flexible and can be twisted
in different shapes. It may change its shape initially when external force is
applied. It will recover its original shape gradually.
[--Ans: 1. A; 2. A, B, E; 3. Yes, because memory plastic can be twisted into different

shapes. It can recover its original shape even after external force has been applied.;
4. Nanofabric. It is used to make waterproof and bacteria-proof clothes. (Any
reasonable answers.)--]

Data analysis

Rapid industrial development means that factories are producing more heavy
metals and waste. Since those materials can hardly be decomposed, they are a threat
to the ecosystem of the nearby areas and people’s health.
Scientists have discovered a pollutant-decomposing ability in mutant
microorganisms like the denitrifying bacteria in pigs’ excrement and urine, the oil-
decomposing bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated soil and the decolourising
bacteria in dye wastewater. Using biotechnology, scientists are able to modify these
microorganisms to improve their effectiveness. They can also be cultured in large
qualities so that they can be used to purify pollutants in sewage treatment facilities or
even in nature.
Environmental biotechnology has contributed a lot to environmental protection.
Scientists will continue to develop and improve the technologies related to the
application of microorganisms, in the hope of reviving the earth.
Source: Taiwan’s Aspects of Biotechnology Website
1. According to the information above, which of the following descriptions about
biotechnology is correct? Circle the correct letter.
A. Scientists can produce microorganisms.
B. Scientists can use microorganisms to protect the environment.
C. Microorganisms can affect the ecosystem of the nearby areas.
2. Can the following decompose pollutants? If yes, put a  in the ( ).

（　） A. Cocci
（　） B. Oil-decomposing bacteria
（　） C. Decolourising bacteria
（　） D. Denitrifying bacteria
（　） E. Cyanobacteria
3. What type of biotechnology does the article talk about?
4. According to the article, how do microorganisms decompose pollutants?

Data analysis
Rapid industrial development means that factories are producing more heavy
metals and waste. Since those materials can hardly be decomposed, they are a threat
to the ecosystem of the nearby areas and people’s health.
Scientists have discovered a pollutant-decomposing ability in mutant
microorganisms like the denitrifying bacteria in pigs’ excrement and urine, the oil-
decomposing bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated soil and the decolourising
bacteria in dye wastewater. Using biotechnology, scientists are able to modify these
microorganisms to improve their effectiveness. They can also be cultured in large
qualities so that they can be used to purify pollutants in sewage treatment facilities or
even in nature.
Environmental biotechnology has contributed a lot to environmental protection.
Scientists will continue to develop and improve the technologies related to the
application of microorganisms, in the hope of reviving the earth.
Source: Taiwan’s Aspects of Biotechnology Website
5. Besides the examples from the article, how is biotechnology used? Give one
example.
[--Ans: 1. B; 2. B, C, D; 3. Environmental biotechnology.; 4. They can be modified to

improve their effectiveness. They can also be cultured in large qualities so that they
can be used to purify pollutants in sewage treatment facilities or even in nature.; 5.
Any reasonable answers, e.g. genetically modified food can improve food quality and
increase food production.--]

Data analysis
Organ transplant is to replace a damaged organ with a new one in order to

maintain physical function. However, there has been a global shortage of donated
organs. This is mainly caused by a deep-rooted traditional concept that organ
donation will affect reincarnation. Furthermore, some people are not familiar with
organ donor registration. People are also worried about the risks associated with the
organ transplant surgery, such as transplant rejection.
Harvard University has developed a way to culture human organs. Under this
method, the cells of an animal organ are first removed. Human stems cells are then
added to the ‘skeleton’ of the organ tissues. The organ is cultured and maintained at
its original state in the body. The method can prevent transplant rejection as the
organ is cultured using human stem cells. On the other hand, some companies have
succeeded in producing liver tissues using three-dimensional (3D) printing
technology. The health care industry is actively looking into the possibility of using 3D
organ printing technology to solve the problem of donated organ shortage.
The technology, however, will raise some ethical questions related to animals’
suffering caused by organs of another species, as well as people’s acceptance of
having an animal organ on the body.
Source: Adapted from a newspaper article dated 28 March 2018
1. According to the information, which of the following ethical problems does organ
culture raise? Circle the correct letter. (There can be more than one answer.)
A. People do not want to have animal organs on their bodies.
B. Animals suffer during the process.
C. Animals are killed.
2. Do the following explain the global shortage of donated organs? If yes, put a  in
the ( ).
（　） A. People know little about organ donor registration.

Data analysis

（　） B. People want to leave their organs to their children.
（　） C. People are affected by some traditional concepts.
（　） D. People worry that animals may suffer during the process.
（　） E. People are worried about the risks associated with the organ
transplant surgery.
3. What is procedure for organ culture?
4. Is there a less controversial way to provide organs for those who need them?
5. The Chinese believe that a person’s life and death are predestined. Do you think
that it is against the law of nature to use technology to improve the effectiveness
of medical care and therefore extend the human lifespan? Why or why not?

Data analysis

[--Ans: 1. B; 2. A, C, E; 3. The cells of an animal organ are first removed. Human

stems cells are then added to the ‘skeleton’ of the organ tissues. The organ is
cultured and maintained at its original state in the body.; 4. Some companies have
succeeded in producing liver tissues using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology.
The health care sector is actively looking into the possibility of using 3D organ printing
technology to solve the problem of donated organ shortage.; 5. Any reasonable
answers, e.g. I think using technology to enhance the effectiveness of health care is
simply an improvement and a way to promote human well-being. It is therefore not
against the law of nature.--]

Data analysis
With the ‘Innovation and Technology Fund for Application in Elderly and
Rehabilitation Care’, an elderly home bought a virtual reality (VR)-based training bicycle.
The system includes 169 cycling routes from different places around the world, such as
Japan and Paris. Users can ride the bicycle as if they were somewhere else. They can
choose the riding direction as well. The bicycle resistance can be adjusted based on
physical ability. The bicycle can also be switched to autopilot mode when users get tired.
Since the VR-based training bicycle was added to the elderly home, 86-year-old
senior Mr Cheuk has been riding it for 45 minutes each day. Ms Hung, a 71-year-old
senior who had been bedridden for two years and needed to use a wheelchair, has
shown improvements in her mobility after rehabilitation with the training bicycle. She can
now walk with the help of a walking frame. A physiotherapist pointed out that to train the
muscles and cardiorespiratory functions, seniors need to ride a training bicycle for more
than 15 minutes, but they used to give up after five minutes. VR-based training bicycles
can motivate seniors and increase their training time, making the training more effective.
Source: Ming Pao, Economic Times
1. What technology does the training bicycle in the article use to attract seniors?
___________________
2. What are the features of the training bicycle in the article? Name one.
_______________
_______________
3. How does the training bicycle in the article help seniors?

_______________
_______________
[--Ans: 1. Virtual reality; 2. The system includes 169 cycling routes from different places
around the world. / Users can choose the riding direction. / The bicycle resistance can
be adjusted. / The bicycle can be switched to autopilot mode. (Any one.); 3. It can

Data analysis
With the ‘Innovation and Technology Fund for Application in Elderly and
Rehabilitation Care’, an elderly home bought a virtual reality (VR)-based training bicycle.
The system includes 169 cycling routes from different places around the world, such as
Japan and Paris. Users can ride the bicycle as if they were somewhere else. They can
choose the riding direction as well. The bicycle resistance can be adjusted based on
physical ability. The bicycle can also be switched to autopilot mode when users get tired.
Since the VR-based training bicycle was added to the elderly home, 86-year-old
senior Mr Cheuk has been riding it for 45 minutes each day. Ms Hung, a 71-year-old
senior who had been bedridden for two years and needed to use a wheelchair, has
shown improvements in her mobility after rehabilitation with the training bicycle. She can
now walk with the help of a walking frame. A physiotherapist pointed out that to train the
muscles and cardiorespiratory functions, seniors need to ride a training bicycle for more
than 15 minutes, but they used to give up after five minutes. VR-based training bicycles
can motivate seniors and increase their training time, making the training more effective.
Source: Ming Pao, Economic Times

motivate seniors and increase their training time, making the training more effective.--]

Miscellaneous
1. What parts is a steam engine made up of? Write the correct answers on the
______.
A. ____________________ B. _____________________
C. ____________________
[--Ans: A. Steam; B. Water; C. Fuel--]
2. What parts is a generator made up of? Write the correct answers on

the ______.
A. ____________________ B. _____________________
C. ____________________ D. ____________________

Miscellaneous
[--Ans: A. Horseshoe magnet; B. Copper disc; C. Handle; D. Wire--]

Miscellaneous
3. What were the uses of Watt’s steam engine? Write the correct answers
on the ______.
A. ____________________ B. _____________________
C. ____________________
[--Ans: A. Steamship; B. Weaving machine; C. Steam train--]

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6.

2. Which of the following machines is driven by water?

3. Which of the following machines is driven by wind?

4. Which of the following machines is driven by humans?

New General Studies 208 © Educational Publishing House

7. Which of the following is not a benefit of the steam engine ?

8. Which of the following is not a limitation of the old steam engine?

New General Studies 209 © Educational Publishing House

New General Studies 210 © Educational Publishing House

14. Which of the following machines was invented after 1900?

15. Which of the following inventions is not powered by electricity?

16. Which of the following inventions is powered by electricity?

New General Studies 211 © Educational Publishing House

20. Which of the following is not an innovative technology?

New General Studies 212 © Educational Publishing House

New General Studies 213 © Educational Publishing House

26. Which of the following is not an innovative technology?

27. Which of the following is not a correct statement about 3D printing?

New General Studies 214 © Educational Publishing House

New General Studies 215 © Educational Publishing House

2. A plough is a machine driven by ________.

3. A windmill is driven by ______.

5. In 1763, James Watt repaired and improved an old ____________.

6. Steam engines were used in industrial machinery and ___________.

7. In a steam engine, ______ is burned to heat up water.

10. Michael Faraday invented the first __________ in the world.

New General Studies 216 © Educational Publishing House

12. A generator supplies __________ to other machines.

13. In 1879, American inventor __________ invented the electric light.

16. Second-generation computers were _______ in size than fourth-generation

20. Transparent nanomaterials are used to make anti-_______ sunscreen.

New General Studies 217 © Educational Publishing House

28. ___________ generates realistic images that do not exist physically.

30. AI robots may replace ________ and cause unemployment.

New General Studies 218 © Educational Publishing House

1. In the past, humans invented a lot of __________ to help with work.

1. The transparent __________ used in sunscreen can protect us against UV light.

New General Studies 219 © Educational Publishing House

New General Studies 220 © Educational Publishing House

1. It can be tiring to use __________ to drive a machine.

New General Studies 221 © Educational Publishing House

2. The washing machine is an appliance powered by electricity. （ ）

3. Products made of nanomaterials have similar functions as those （ ）

4. Genetically modified food raises food safety concerns. （ ）

5. Artificial intelligence refers to computers acting like humans. （ ）

New General Studies 222 © Educational Publishing House

[--Ans: , a lot of--]

2. British inventor Michael Faraday invented the generator.

[--Ans: , military purposes--]

4. Nanomaterials are a type of new materials developed in the 20th century.

New General Studies 223 © Educational Publishing House

2. What drives these machines?

3. What are some limitations of these machines?

4. What were the uses of the steam engine?

5. Why are these inventions important?

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7. When were these products invented?

8. What are some uses of these inventions?

9. What are some uses of these inventions powered by electricity?

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10. What are some limitations of these inventions?

12. What are some benefits of these innovative technologies?

2. The washing machine is an appliance powered by electricity. （）

3. Products made of nanomaterials have similar functions as those （）

4. Genetically modified food raises food safety concerns. （）

5. Artificial intelligence refers to computers acting like humans. （）