N.R.

I INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT TITLE
Solar Still for Making Fresh Water with the help of Sun Rays
(Batch 2019-2023)
Submitted By

0115ME191022 MD IRFAN

0115ME191021 MD AFTAB ALAM

0115ME203D10 ARVIND MEENA

0115ME203D11 CHANDRAKANT

0115ME203D12 DEEPAK KUMAR PATEL

Under the Guidance of Forwarded By PROF. YOGESH MISHRA

DR.RAJEEV ARYA
PROF. RAMNARAYAN SAHU (Director) NIIST Head of Mechanical Engineering Department

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

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 CONTENTS

• Project objective
• Introduction with features of project
• Block diagram
• Flow diagram
• Main hardware components
• Assembly of project
• Time and cost analysis
• Project application

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 PROJECT OBJECTIVE

➢ To making fresh water from salt water in regions where the insulation of solar energy is high.

➢ To Increased temperature of the water will increase the evaporation rate.

➢ To increase the Productivity of fresh water.

➢ To minimize the heat loss in the system.

➢ To minimize the overall project cost making fresh water.

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 INTRODUCTION WITH FEATURES OF PROJECT

Solar Still: - Solar still is a device which is used to convert the impure water into pure water using solar
radiation. Usually solar still is used where drinkable water is not available in sufficient quantity.

People of rural areas reserve the rainwater but they can’t it used to drink directly due to impurity contents
in the water. In a solar still, impure water is contained outside the collector, where it is evaporated by
sunlight shining through a transparent collector. The pure water condenses on the cool inside surface and
drips into a pipe .

A solar still has a top cover made of glass, with an interior surface made of a waterproof membrane.this
interior surface use a blackend material to improve absorption of the sun’s rays , which is mostly absorbed by
the blackend base

The water begins to heat up and the heated water vapor evaporates from the basin and condenses on the inside
of the glass cover and condensed water drope down the inclined glass cover , and water collect storage bottle

There are no moving parts in solar still , only the sun’s rays energy is required for operation.

Impure Pure
water Water

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

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 ALUMUNIUM SHEET ALUMUNIUM SHEET TANK

FLOW DIAGRAM

1 2

3 4 5 6
 MAIN HARDWARE COMPONENTS

1 Basin
2 Plain Glass
3 Alumunium sheet
4 Plywood
5 Black paint
6 Iron frame
7 Alumunium foil
8 Transparent water bottle
9 Thermocol
10 Valve
11 Silicon glue
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 MAIN HARDWARE COMPONENTS

Different parts of the Solar still will be explained in the following:

Basin

This is the major part of the solar still. It absorbs the incident radiation that is transmitted through the glass cover. The basin
liner should be resistant to hot water, have a high absorbance to solar radiation

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Glass

The temperature of glass is high when the sun rays strike on this glass then create hot steam in the basin of solar still
which improves the vaporization rate giving higher distilled water of solar still. That’s why glass used in this project

PLAIN GLASS - 4MM

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Alumunium sheet

The Aluminium sheet are used as heat storage and hot water material since it has a high thermal
conductivity, it helps in conducting more heat to the brackish water

Size of alumunium sheet = 1m*1m ( Length & width )

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Plywood

• Plywood is an engineered product made from layers (or plies) of thin sheets of wood it is used for
protecting hot steam if I do not use plywood then hot steam can be pass through the plywood which are
used under pressure at high temperature to bear stronger and more hot.

• Plywood thickness = 18 mm , size = 4*8

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Black Paint

• Light energy can be converted into heat energy. A black object absorbs all wavelengths of light and
converts them into heat, so the object gets warm. A white object reflects all wavelengths of light, so the
light is not converted into heat and the temperature of the object does not increase.

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Iron Frame

• In this project we used Lshape iron stand for keep the box above the table of solar still box.

Aluminium foil

• It is used for absorb of hot steam in solar still . Aluminium foil is thickness less than 0.2 mm thin .

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Transparent water bottle

• It is used store water for transfer through the upvc pipe in solar still tank for purifying with the help of sun rays, transfer
normal water to the inlet and received fresh water from the outlet pipe

Thermocol
• Thermocol is use for prevent hot steam of the solar still

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 Valve
• Valve is used for stop water of transparent bottle ,and valve also helps to remove water from the basin (tank)

Silicon glue
• Silicon glue is used to join glass cover leak .
Valve

Silicon glu
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METHODOLOGY
Radiation measurement

• Instruments for radiation observation can be divided by purpose and requirements into pyranometers,
pyrgeometers, net pyrradiometers, and photosynthetically active radiation meters.

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Air velocity instrument

• A hot Wire Anemometer is an instrument for measuring velocity and direction of fluid (in this case air)
by measuring heat loss of an electrically-heated wire placed in the air stream.

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Digital thermometer

• A thermometer is a device that measures the temperature . It is measure temp of cold and hot water of
solar still and outer enviorment of temp.

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 ASSEMBLY OF PROJECT

1 2

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 TIME AND COST ANALYSIS
10 days to make this project

SR.NO MATERIALS NAME COSTING OF MATERIAL

1 Alumunium sheet 1000
2 Alumunium foil 100
3 Plywood 1500
4 Plain glass 1000
5 Thermometer 300
6 Iron Frame 500
7 Water transparent cane 150
8 Thermocol 100
9 Valve, L Bow 60
10 Black paint 1/2 ltr 80
11 Colour paint ½ ltr 100
12 pvc pipe ½ inch / L bow 100
Total = 4990
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 PROJECT APPLICATION

SR PLACES USES
NO.
1 Industries For industrial process

2 Hospital For sterilization

3 Automobile & garages workshope For radiater and battery maintenance

4 Telephone exchanges For battery maintenance

5 Laboratory use For analytic work

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 Best TDS (total dissolved solid) Level for drinking water

Level of TDS
suitable for drinking water
( Miligram per litre /ppm )

Less than 150 Excellent

150- 250 Good

250-400 Fair

Poor , not good for drinking

400-500 Unacceptable

Unacceptable
Above 500 water

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