Spiritual Intelligence, Emotional Intelligence, And Self-Efficacy as Predicators of

Quality Health Behavior Among University Students in Punjab, Pakistan

Health behaviors formed during early life can have a significant impact on the occurrence of

future illnesses and may continue into adulthood and beyond. While the full etiology of these

conditions has yet to be understood, behavioral factors during childhood and adolescence

such as physical inactivity, tobacco and unhealthy dietary intake are strongly implicated as

risk and protective factors of several physical and psychological well-being of the

populations. In this Regard, I am going to conduct a quantitative study on Spiritual

intelligence, emotional intelligence, and self-efficacy as predicators of quality health

behavior among university students in Punjab, Pakistan. I would like you to participate in

this Research voluntarily. I’d appreciate if you could fill the questionnaire. I Laiba Ehsan

assure you that any information obtained in connection with this study that can be identified

with you will remain confidential and will only be used for research purposes. There’s no

social, economic or any other harm associated with this research. You’ve the right to refuse

to participate in this research or to withdraw your data at any stage. However, your

participation will really be appreciated and will be helpful in promoting scientific knowledge.

Thank you!
 1. Demographic variables

D1. Age

a. 18-21. b. 22-25. c. 25 and above

D2. Gender

a. Male. b. Female c. Transgender

D3. Religion

a. Islam b. Christianity c. Sikh d. Hindu

D4. Marital Status

a. Single b. Married c. Divorced d. Widowed

D5. Native Language

a. Urdu b. Punjabi c. Pushto d. Balochi e. Sindhi

D6. Living Area

a. Rural. b. Urban c. Semi urban

D7. City

a. Islamabad b. Lahore c. Sargodha

D8. Family Type

a. Joint. b. Nuclear. c. Extended

D9. Education

a. BS (Hons). b. M.Sc. c. M.Phil. d. PHD

D10. Faculty

a. Social Sciences b. Natural sciences c. Management Sciences d. Arts and

Humanities

D11. Family Income

a. 10,000-20,000 b. 21,000-30,000 c. 31,000-40,000 d. 50,000 and above

D12. Are you earning??

a. Yes b. No

2. Emotional Intelligence
Sr# Items Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Strongly
Disagree Agree nor Agree
Disagree

EI1 I know when to speak

about my personal
problems to others

EI2 I can perform best

things when I try

EI3 My fellows have trust

on me

EI4 It is difficult for me to

understand non-verbal
messages of other
people

EI5 I expect positive vibes

to happen

EI6 I indulge myself in

such activities that
make me happy

EI7 I ever appreciate

other people

EI8 In challenging
situation give up
because I believe I will
fail

EI9 I have control over my

emotions

EI1 I present myself in a

0 way that makes a good
impression on others

EI1 I have an ability to

1 judge people emotion
By looking at their
facial expressions

3. Spiritual intelligence
Sr Items Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly
# Agree Disagree

SI I experience high energy

1 during difficult task

SI My connection with supreme

2 power provide guidance in
difficult task

SI My spirituality is appreciated
3 by my fellows

SI I experience sense of
4 enlightenment for my work

SI I can easily feel the distress of

5 others

SI I put my efforts to solve

6 problems of my fellows

SI My spiritual values help me in

7 decision making

SI I use to maintain high spirit in

8 difficult times

SI I find happiness in helping

9 others

4. Self-Efficacy

Sr Items Not at Hardly Moderately Completely

# all true True True True

SE1 I can always manage to solve

difficult problems if I try hard
enough

SE2 I always manage myself when

other people opposed me

SE3 I am always committed to

achieve my goals.

SE4 I am not confident that I could

 deal efficiently with
unexpected events

SE5 I know how to handle adverse

situations

SE6 I am able to solve difficult

problems by my self

SE7 I am able to keep myself calm

in difficult situation

5. Quality Health Behavior

Sr # Items Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Strongly

Disagree Agree nor Agree
Disagree

QHB1 I exercise to stay

healthy

QHB2 I eat a balanced diet

QHB3 I take essential

vitamins

QHB4 I see a physician for

regular checkups

QHB5 I watch my weight

QHB6 I limit my intake of

junk food

QHB7 I gather information

on things that affect
my health

QHB8 I take healthy food

supplements

QHB9 I do not smoke

QHB10 I discuss my health

with friends

QHB11 I get shots to prevent

 illness

QHB12 I get enough sleep