Teaching English in the Elementary

Grades Through Literature

Name: Hezekiah Marie P. Bangate

Year and Block: BEEd-2A

Date: March 13, 2021

UNIT 3: SUMMARY
Literacy and the Young Readers
Developing Reading Fluency
Tangilon, Ruchelle

Reading Fluency is the ability to read sleekly and doesn't sound choppy or awkward. It is
recognizing letters and words automatically with speed, precision, and proper expression. And
when reading aloud, fluent readers read in phrases and add intonation appropriately. 

Importance: Excellent fluency leads to a more comprehensive understanding (especially to

young ones).

Guidelines for Reading Fluency:

 Allow students to explore reading and re-reading.
 Present new words for them to practice
 Read them books or make them listen to stories and songs for them to be able to know the
right pronunciation and expression.
 Build a home-school connection that encourages the student’s family to engage in the
children's reading development.
 Keep track of the children's reading development.
 Practice reading with guidance.
2 approach to improve reading fluency:
1. Direct Approach- modeling and practice with repeated reading under time pressure.
 Repeated Reading- works best with readers who have reached at least a
primer instructional level
2 ways to frame Repeated Reading
a) Graphing how fast a student read (1 minute read). Counting the
number of words and graph the result.
b) Use check sheets for partner readings. (Assign partners)

2. Indirect Approach- involves encouraging children to read voluntarily in their free time.
 Voluntary Reading- gives children a daily opportunity to read and discover
the pleasure of reading.

Activities for students to increase fluency:

Student and adult reading- one-on-one reading with an adult.
Choral Reading- read along as a group with the teacher or adult.
Tape-assisted reading- students read along in their books as they hear a fluent
reader read the book on an audiotape
Partner Reading- paired students take turns reading aloud to each other. (Fluent
readers paired with less fluent readers)
Reader's Theater- students rehearse and perform a play for peers or others
reading a script from a book.

Components of Reading Fluency:

 Accuracy in reading- reading without mistakes
 Appropriate use of Prosody- Good prosody adds an almost musical quality to
speech.  
 Automaticity in Word Recognition- fast, effortless word recognition that comes
with a great deal of reading practice.
Characteristics of Emergent, Beginning and Primary Readers

Copino, Angela

 Emergent Readers
- pre-alphabetic stage
- they are children from early childhood and pre-kindergarten.
 Beginning Readers
- alphabetic stage
- they are children to second or third grade.
 Primary Readers
- Early-fluent readers
- They are able to take on texts with more independence.

Characteristics
Emergent Readers Beginning Readers Primary Readers (Early
Fluent Readers)
Readers are usually in Beginning readers are Problem solving and self-
preschool, kindergarten, or first inconsistent. They may know a correction.
grade word one day but not the next.
Dependent readers Beginning readers are building Taking words apart using large,
their fluency. recognizable units or syllable.
Readers who often make up Reading for longer period of
stories to go with the pictures in time while maintaining interest.
books with no attention to print.
Readers who may not yet grasp Increasing awareness of story
concepts of print. structure and meaning.
may be willing to attempt to Beginning to infer meaning, or
read simple texts or they may be make guesses, about the events
unwilling to make any attempts of the story.
at all.