Question for number 1-5

The killer sea waves known as Tsunamis are so quiet in their approach from a far, so
harmless, that until recently their history has been one of surprise attack.

Out in the middle of the ocean, the distance between tsunami wave crests can be 100
miles and the height of the wave have no more than three feet: sailors can ride one and suspect
nothing. At the shoreline, the first sign is often an ebbing—a retreat but rather a gathering of
forces. When the great waves finally do strike, they rear up and hit harbour and coast, causing
death and damage.

These seismic sea waves—or tidal waves—as they are sometimes called, bear no relation
to the moon or tides. And the word “tsunami”, Japanese for “harbour wave”, related to their
destination rather than their origin. The causes are various: undersea or coastal earthquakes, deep
ocean avalanches or volcanism. Whatever the cause, the wave motion starts with a sudden move
like a hit from a giant paddle that displaces the water. And the greater the undersea hit, the
greater the tsunami’s damaging power.

In 1883, Krakatoa volcano in the East Indies erupted, and the entire island collapsed in
820 feet of water. A tsunami is a tremendous forces bouncing around Java and Sumatera, killing
36.000 people with walls of water that reached 115 feet in height.

In 1946, a tsunami struck first near Alaska and then, without warning, hit Hawaiian
Islands, killing 159 people and causing millions of dollars of damage. This led to the creation of
the Tsunami Warning System, whose nerve centre in Honolulu keeps around—the—clock vigil
with the aid of new technology. If the seismic sea waves are confirmed by the Honolulu centre,
warnings are transmitted within a few hours to all threatened Pacific points. Tsunamis have been
deprived of their most deadly sting—surprise

1. The writer describes in details ….

a. how harmless the tsunamis seem to be for sailors

b. what damage the tsunami caused in Japan

c. when the tsunami tends to attack unexpectedly

d. why tsunamis are called the killer sea waves

e. where tsunamis have been most severe in their attack

2. Why are tsunamis seemingly harmless when they start?

a. The waves out in the ocean were not alarmingly high.

b. The ebbing of the water leave fish stranded and slapping on the bottom.

c. The great waves strike, reaching up and hitting harbour and coast.

d. The waves approaching from a far gather forces and move the water away from the
land.

e. The seismic sea waves bear no relation to the moon or tides.

3. The following are possible causes for seismic waves, EXCEPT ….

a. earthquakes under the oceans

b. underwater avalanches

c. the rise and fall of the sea levels

d. ocean volcanoes

e. seashore earthquakes

4. Which of the recorded tsunami in the text was the worst? The one that hit ….

a. The East Hindies

b. The Island of Java

c. Alaska 6

d. The Hawaiian Islands

e. Honolulu

5. The danger of tsunamis has been reduced by ….

a. establishing local nerve centre

b. the countries around the Pacific Rim

c. close control from a new warning centre

d. warning the nerve centre of seismic waves

e. the Tsunami Warning System at the bottom of the sea

Question for number 6-10

Passage A

School is necessary because it, first, makes communication with diverse people essential,
as parents do not choose where their children go, and secondly, home schooling and
extracurricular activities connected to it cannot bring that diversity, for the attending group is
self-selecting, rather than ‘unfiltered mixture’. I believe that none of the two assumptions is
warranted nor true.

In the first place, parents still select schools for their children on the basis of common
values, cultures and achievements. As such, public schools then of er obvious misrepresentations
of the society. Not only that, I think it’s non-sense that home schooling should somehow get rid
of diversity from socialization in sports teams or other clubs. What members of a basketball team
or a debate club share is not race, religion, nor income bracket: it is the desire to participate.

Passage B

Children can perhaps be best described as beings of potential during their schools years.
Each child is in the process of discovering their talents and having them be cared for in an
attempt to best reach self-actualization.

Under the home-schooling system parents become much more exclusive mentors to a
child, and this can be problematic. Although parents are generally aware of what their children is
capable of, their evaluations are not always precise. This could be for a number of reasons. First,
it may due to the fact that children are predominantly seen in the home environment, limiting
their chances to show of their potential in other situations. It could also be because parents
sometimes assume that their children will share the same talents that they had. Simply stated, it
would be unreasonable to assume parents could see the whole pictures.

6. The common theme underlying both passages above is ….

a. arguments against home school education practices
b. evidence of several problems with home schooling
c. reasons why home schooling should be eliminated
d. failure which is associated with home schooling
e. formal school and home school education
7. Which of the following statements reflects a fact mentioned in either passage above?
a. Joining a social club is a matter of wish to participate.
b. Interacting with other individuals is very important.
c. Children are individuals with inborn capacity.
d. Sports teams are a form of social unit.
 e. Parents play a role as a private teacher.

8. The idea in passage B which is different from that in passage A is ….

a. thoughts that schools are a medium for individual to socialize freely
b. the need to join social events not diversity that home schoolers seek
c. parents limited understanding of their children’s potentials and talents
d. parents’ personal preference to a certain type of school for their children
e. wrong assumptions on both home school education and home schooling
9. The best summary of both passages is ….
a. ideas of school and home school learning are wrong; yet, school is better
b. schools are the right medium for socializing; yet, parents are still selective
c. there is no rational support to believe education at home and at school
d. children are going their ways to develop their talents and personality
e. parents and teachers make inaccurate evaluation on children’ s talents
10. If a child’s parents are not able to identify the child’s talents comprehensively, a home
school child’s basketball talent will ….
a. never be revealed until the right expert can reveal the child’s talent
b. grow normally because somebody’s talent is not affected by anyone else
c. grow little and later it may stop growing at all as there is a little stimulation
d. remain undeveloped because none is able to reveal the child’s potential
e. still grow in so far, he/she has the need to partake in a basketball team

Question for number 11-13

The use of formalin and other dangerous preservatives in food has been serious problem
for three reasons.Firstly, formalin is not for human beings, but it is for biological specimens and
experiments. Formalin in Biology is a 10% solution of formaldehyde in water which is usually
used as a disinfectant or to preserve biological specimens. Thus, it is not for food preservatives.
Of course, when it is used for food preservative, it will be very dangerous to human’s body.

The second reason is that there is no tight control from the government. This condition
makes the people’s health is really in a threat. When the control is weak and the use formalin
was spread wide all over the Indonesian regions, and these days it has really happened, the
citizen’s bodies will be badly contaminated with the poisons. Fish or food traders still sell their
products which contain formalin and dangerous preservatives. Can you imagine that our
digestive system absorbs the substance that should be for the human and animal corpses?

Considering the reasons, we can make a conclusion that the use of formalin and other
preservatives is really a serious problem if it is not resolved immediately.
 11. Why is formalin dangerous for human's body?
a. It is not food preservatives
b. It is a disinfectant for human beings
c. It is used to preserve biological specimens
d. It is 10% solution of formaldehyde in water
e. It is controlled lightly from the government
12. The main idea of paragraph two is?
a. The human's bodies will be harmful after consuming the formalin
b. The government has not controlled the use of formalin firmly
c. The weak control of using formalin is not threatening the human
d. The human's bodies will be harmful after consuming the formalin
e. The use of formalin is known all over the regions
13. Based on the facts above, the writer suggests that
a. People have to avoid consuming formalin in their food
b. The use of formal dehyde is necessary to control the food
c. People should add 100% solution of formaldehyde in water
d. The food preservative is required to make the food delicious
e. Food seller is supposed to pour formalin for vegetables and food products

Question for number 14-16

Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum-based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made
of vegetable oil.

To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw
materials needed in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready
supply of vegetable product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of
Biodiesel is corn, although depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility
many other plants are used as well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the
raw vegetable product to make vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to
power a car, from here it has to be processed into Biodiesel.

The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester
interchange. To complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller
amount of methanol and then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for
example, 5% to 1% sodium hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides,
which is a compound of the trivalent alcohol glycerine with three fatty acids. The goal of ester
interchange is to separate the glycerine molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with
three methanol molecules. This process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a
glycerine byproduct. The glycerine byproduct can be used in a number of other chemical
processes for different industries.

14. What is the text about?

a. The process of making Biodiesel
b. The use of the Biodiesel.
c. The advantage of using the Biodiesel
d. The benefit of producing the Biodiesel.
e. The development of the Biodiesel product.
15. What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange?
a. The three fatty acids with the glycerin molecules
b. The glycerin molecule with three methanol molecules
c. Methanol with the three fatty acids.
d. Vegetable oil with methanol
e. Methanol and alkaline catalyst
16. According to the one of the advantages in using biodiesel is...
a. it is cheap.
b. it only uses vegetable oil.
c. it uses replaceable materials.
d. it can be done in small industry.
e. it gives less pollution than petroleum

Question for number 17-19

Alligators, which often engage in violent fights over territories and mates, have made
scientists puzzled why their wounds rarely get infected. Now researchers think the secret lies in
the reptiles’ blood. Chemists in Louisiana found that blood from the American alligator can
successfully destroy 23 strains of bacteria, including strains known to be resistant to antibiotics.
In addition, the blood was able to deplete and destroy a significant amount of HIV, the virus that
causes AIDS.

Study co-author Lancis Darville at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge believes
that peptides – fragments of proteins – within alligator blood help the animals stop fatal
infections. Such peptides are also found in the skin of frogs and toads, as well as komodo,
dragons and crocodiles. The scientists think that these peptides could one day lead to medicines
that would provide humans with the same antibiotic protection. ’We are in the process of
separating and identifying the specific peptides in alligator blood,’ said Darville. ’Once we
sequence these peptides, we can obtain their chemical structure to potentially create new drugs.’

Study co-author Mark Merchant, a biochemist at McNeese State University in Lake

Charles, Louisiana, was among the first to notice alligators’ unusual resistance. He was intrigued
that, despite living in swampy environments where bacteria thrive, alligators that suffered
frequent scratches and bruises rarely developed fatal infections. Merchant therefore created
human and alligator serum-protein-rich blood plasma that has been able to remove clotting
agents, and exposed each of them to 23 strains of bacteria. Human serum destroyed only eight of
the bacterial strains while the alligator serum killed all 23. When the alligator was exposed to
HIV, the researchers found that a good amount of the virus was destroyed.

The study team thinks that pills and creams containing alligator peptides could be
available at level pharmacies within seven to ten years. Such products would be a solution to
patients that need extra help preventing infections, such as diabetes patients with foot ulcers,
burn victims and people suffering from autoimmune diseases. However, there may be potential
problems before alligator-based medicines can reach drugstore shelves. For example, initial tests
have revealed that higher concentrations of the alligator serum tend to be toxic to human cells.

17. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about peptides within alligators’
blood?

a. They are fragments of proteins

b. They may stop fatal infections.

c. They are injected in the human body.

d. They are within the blood of reptiles.

e. They have the same function as antibiotics.

18. The followings are what Merchant, the biochemist, experienced EXCEPT that he...

a. developed two kinds of serum, each can destroy 23 strains of bacteria.

b. learned why alligators can survive in bacterial environments.

c. became interested in alligators' resistance to infections.

d. created a serum which can remove things that cause clotting.

e. found out that crocodiles can decrease infection caused by HIV.

19. The word 'revealed' in the sentence of "For example, initial tests have revealed that
higher concentrations of the alligator serum tend to be toxic to human cells." is closest in
meaning to...

a. Told

b. Concealed

c. Exposed

d. disclosed

e. released