Answer :

PAPER 1
1 D 11 B 21 C 31 C 41 C
2 C 12 B 22 C 32 B 42 B
3 B 13 A 23 B 33 C 43 C
4 C 14 C 24 B 34 B 44 C
5 A 15 B 25 B 35 D 45 B
6 B 16 A 26 A 36 A 46 D
7 C 17 B 27 C 37 B 47 C
8 A 18 C 28 B 38 C 48 C
9 D 19 D 29 B 39 A 49 A
10 A 20 C 30 C 40 B 50 C

PAPER 2
SECTION A
1. (a) (i) 2.4 (ii) 2.8 (iii) 2.8.8.1
(b) (i) Q2O3
(ii) Amphoteric oxide exhibits acidic and basic characteristic.
(c)(i) N
(ii) Achieved stable octet electron arrangement.
(iii) To fill bulb with coloured light.
(d) (i) R
(ii)

2. (a) Esterification
(b) (i) alcohol
(ii) carboxylic acid
(c) (i) H O
| ||
H – C- C – O - H
|
H
(ii) React with reactive metal to produce hydrogen gas.
React with metal carbonate to produce carbon dioxide gas.
(d) (i) Act as catalyst
(ii) Possess sweet smell.
(iii) Methyl ethanoat.
3.
(a) White precipitate is formed.
(b) Ba2+ + SO42-  BaSO4
(c) (i) mcӨ = 50 x 4.2 x2.5
= 525J
(ii) the number of moles of barium chloride = 25 x0.5
1000
= 0.0125 mol
The heat of precipitation = 525
0.0125
=42000 J mol-1
=42kjmol-1
(d) Energy

Ba2+ + SO42+

∆H = -42kJmol-1
BaSO4

(e) Heat given off when 1 mole of barium sulphate is precipitate from its ions.
(f) (i) 5oC
(ii) the number of mole for barium chloride has been doubled.

4.
(a) water and air
(b) (i) 2H2O + O2 + 4e  4OH-
(ii) Fe  Fe2+ + 2e
(c) (i) Reduction
(ii) Oxidation
(d) 0  +2
(e) (i) Alloy is a mixture of two or more metals.
(ii) steel : iron and carbon
Stainless steel : iron, chromium and nickel.
(f)
Iron iron atom

Steel

iron atom

carbon atom
(g) As kitchen utensils.
5.
(a) Iron fillings glow brightly.
(b) Sodium hydroxide solution.
(c) (i) 25.12- 24.00 = 1.12g
(ii) 2.25- 25.12 = 2.13g
(iii)
Fe Cl
1.12 2.13
56 35.5
0.02 0.06
1 3
The mole ratio of iron atom to chlorine atom = 1 : 3
(d) FeCl3
(e) 2Fe + 3Cl2  2FeCl3

6.
(a) Chemical energy to electrical energy.
(b) Mg  Mg2+ + 2e Negative Terminal
Cu2+ + 2e  Cu Positive Terminal
(c) The blue colour of copper(II) sulphate solution faded.
(d) e
V
Magnesium Iron nail
Copper

Copper (II) Copper (II)

sulphate solution sulphate solution
Cell I Cell II
(e) (i) the copper electrode become thinner.
(ii) Brown colour solid deposited.
SECTION B
7.
(a)
(i) Hydrogen peroxide will decompose slowly in room conditions, but the rate of decomposition
become greater when manganese (IV) oxide is added . [1]
Manganese (IV) oxide act as catalyst in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [1]

(ii) 2 mol of hydrogen peroxide will produce 1 mol of oxygen . [1]

The number of mole for hydrogen peroxide = 1.36
34
= 0.04 mol [1]
0.04 mol of hydrogen peroxide will produce 0.02 mol of oxygen. [1]
The maximum volume of oxygen = 0.02 x 24000 cm3
= 480 cm3 at room conditions. [1]

(b) (i) Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2 [1]

(ii) Catalysts are
- specific in action. [1]
- remains chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction. [1]
- it wouldn’t affect the total amount of products. [1]
- only small proportions is needed. [1]
(iii)
Volume of
Hydrogen
Gas (cm3) 40 Experiment B

Experiment A

Time (seconds) [4]

(iv) - The rate of reaction for Experiment B is higher than Experiment A. [1]
- Experiment B is added with catalyst. [1]
- Catalyst will lower down the activation energy. [1]
- Effective collision frequency increases and [1]
- thus the rate of reaction also increases. [1]
8.
(a) One mole of monoprotic acid will dissociate in water to produce one mole of H+ ion. [1]
One mole of diprotic acid will dissociate in water to produce two mole of H+ ion. [1]

(b)
Iron (II) oxide

Dilute
sulphuric acid

Heat
-Iron (II) oxide powder is added to 50cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 sulpuric acid in a beaker. [1]
- the mixture is stirred well and heated. [1]
- iron (II) oxide is added until no longer dissolves. [1]
- the content is filtered. [1]
- the filtrate is heated in a evaporating dish until 1/3 of its initial quantity. [1]
- the hot saturated is then allow to cool. [1]
- the crystals form are pressed between two filter paper to be dried. [1]
- the chemical equation for the reaction is FeO + H2SO4  FeSO4 + H2O [1]

(c)
- some distill water is added to zinc sulphate crystals to make solution. [1]
- 5cm3 of the solution is poured into a test tube and added with few drops of sodium hydroxide solution. [1]
- white precipitate is formed. [1]
- white precipitate dissolve in excess sodium hydroxide. [1]
- 5cm3 of zinc sulphate solution is poured into another test tube and few drops of aqueous ammonia is [1]
added.
- white precipitate is formed. [1]
- white precipitate dissolve in excess aqueous ammonia. [1]
- the observation confirm the presence of Zn2+ ion. [1]
- 5cm3 of zinc sulphate solution is poured into another test tube and added with some dilute hydrochloric
acid followed by barium chloride solution. [1]
-white precipitate is formed, and this confirm the presence of SO42- ion. [1]
SECTION C

9. (a)
(i) Elements X and Y are isotopes. [1]
Elements X and Y have the same number of protons but different nucleons number. [1]
Elements X and Y possess same chemical properties. [1]
(ii) Element Y is used to determine the age of fossils. [1]

(b)
(i) Electron arrangement for P ; 2.4 [1]
Q; 2.6 [1]
R; 2.8.3 [1]
Element R is placed in Group 13. [1]
It has 3 valence electrons. [1]
Element R is placed in Period 3. [1]
It has two shells occupied with electrons. [1]

(ii) The compound R2Q3

- to achieve octet electron arrangement, [1]
- atom of R donates three electrons R  R3+ + 3e [1]
- atom of Q accept two electrons Q + 2e  Q2- [1]
- attractive force between the ions form ionic bond. [1]
- 3+ 2-

2 3

[1]

The Compound PQ2

- atom of P and atom of Q share electrons to achieve octet electron arrangement. [1]
- an atom of P contribute four electrons ,and two atom of Q contribute two electrons each. [1]
- two atoms of Q share electrons with one atom of P to form covalent bond. [1]
-
xx xx

x x x
x x
Q x P x Q
x x x

xx xx [1]
10.(a)
(i) Ethane [1]
(ii) Polymerisation by addition. [1]
(iii) Polythene
H H
| |
--C -------- C--
| |
H H n
[2]
(iv) Use as plastic bags. [1]
Durable, non-conductor of electricity and do not decompose. [1]

(b)
Unvulcanised rubber Vulcanised rubber
1. soft 1. rough
2. less elastic. 2. more elastic.
3. easily oxidice. 3. can withstand oxidation.

[6]

(c)
- synthetic polymers are stable and not biodegradable. [1]
- synthetic polymers cannot be decompose by bacteria or fungi. [1]
- Improper disposal caused blockage of drainage systems. [1]
- waste plastic containers become good breeding ground for mosquitoes. [1]
- burning of plastic give out harmful and poisonous gases. [1]
- burning of plastic also produce carbon dioxide which resulted in global warming. [1]
- Recycling and reduce the use of synthetic polymers. [1]
- inventing biodegradable synthetic polymers. [1]
PAPER 3
(a)

Hydrogen
gas

Hydrochloric water
acid

Zinc
[3]
powder
(b) 2HCl + Zn  ZnCl + H2 [3]

(c)
Time 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360
(seconds)
Burette 48.0 38.0 31.0 25.5 20.0 15.5 12.0 8.4 5.0 3.0 1.6 1.6 1.6
reading(cm3) V1 V2 V3 V4 V5
Volume of
hydrogen 0 10.0 17.0 22.5 28.0 32.5 36.0 39.6 43.0 45.0 46.4 46.4 46.4
gas (cm3)
[3]
(d) refer to graph attached [3]

(e) 300 seconds [3]

(f) (i) 0.208 cm3 s-1

(ii) 0.142 cm3s-1
(iii) the rate of reaction decreases over time. [3]

(g) refer to graph attached. [3]

-------
[21]

2. (a)

Observation
Ammonia in trichloromethane Red litmus does not change colour.

Ammonia in water Red litmus turns blue.

[3]
(b)
Manipulated variable The way to manipulate variable.
Type of solvent used. Carry out two experiments by using
…………………………… trichloromethane and water as solvent
respectively.
………………………………………….
Responding variable What to observe in the responding
Change in colour of red litmus paper. variable.
……………………………. Colour change of red litmus paper.
……………………………………………
Controlled variable The way to maintain the controlled
Type of alkali used. variable.
 …………………………….. Dissolve ammonia gas in both
trichloromethane and water.

Table 2 [6]
(c) An alkali will exhibit its alkaline properties only in the presence of water.
[3]
-----
[12]

3.
(i) Statement of problem :
What is the cleansing effect of soap and detergent in hard water ? [3]
(ii) Variables :
Manipulated variable : type of cleansing agent used.
Responding variable: the cleansing effect.
Controlled variables: the amount and type of oily stains on the handkerchiefs. [3]
(iii) Substances : soap solution, detergent solution, hard water (0.1mol dm-3 of magnesium nitrate solution)
Apparatus : Beaker 250cm3 , glass rod, handkerchiefs with oily stains. [3]
(iv) Procedures :
- two beakers is filled with 150cm3 of hard water and labelled as Beaker I and Beaker II.
- 50cm3 of soap solution and 50cm3 of detergent solution is added to Beaker I and II
respectively.
- Two pieces of handkerchiefs with oily stains is placed into Beaker I and II.
- The content of the two beakers is stirred with glass rod.
- The two beakers are left aside for twenty minutes.
- The two handkerchiefs are taken out from the beakers and the cleansing effect of soap and
detergent is compared. [3]
(v)
Beaker Observation
I Oily stains remained.
II Oily stains removed.

[3]
-------
[15]