Metodología Educación a Distancia

Psycholinguistics

Learning Strategy 3

Maura Alexy Salcedo Narvaéz.

Professor:

Mg. Emilena Hernández

Magister in Applied Linguistics to the Teaching of

English

Universidad Santo
Tomás

Decanatura de División de Educación Abierta y a

Distancia Facultad de Educación

2022-2
 Introduction

This current assignment is aimed to assess the process of observing, describing,

and making a contrast between what a psycholinguist says about a child’s
language development having in mind an observation process of a child in real
interaction or what it is seen in one video. The most important in doing this paper is
to make between contrast what is seen in a video or a real piece of interaction with
a child and what theory plains on language acquisition.  
 Child´s name: Dan Cardenas Salcedo  Age:18 months

Possible language stage he is in The two-word stage (18-24 months)

Support why: According to the cognitive theory, the two-word stage is the mini
sentences with simple semantic relations (Sohnata Hutauruk, 2015) in the case of
my baby called Dan can produce two words for example alza mama, papa Carro,
Vamos calle, Vamos Parque, Donde mama, Donde Papa, Donde Pio, No mas,
Mas agua, Mas muquequitos.

Link video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tPOr4lIaIP4

Descriptions

My baby is Dan he is a child clever, curious, unquiet, and very happy, his stages
of learning have been excellent, He learned to crawl and walk very fast, the
acquisition of the language of Dan is amazing, sometimes is funny listening to him
repeat or treat of repeat all the words what hear in his environment, In this case, I
reminded the theory of behaviorists, which states that children learn language
through a stimulus they receive from the environment and this generates a
response that leads to imitation this is the case, my little baby does it, he listens to
us speaking and he imitates and we as parents encouraged to the baby to repeat
one more time the words or we corrected the incorrect words. I think that he
started to talk because, He feels the necessity of communicating more assertively,
before starting an utterance of his words, the communication was through crying or
babbling in this stage is more easily for us how parents understand to our baby, for
example, Dan is a social child, He loves sharing with the persons, and out to walk
and he feels very happy sharing and playing with children when he wants to
express to us the necessity of going to play, he takes my hand and said me,
Vamos Parque, Vamos niños, Vamos pio pio, (in this case pio pio is a toys the
wich insert the coin and it starting to move and sing). The interactionist theory
takes up the importance of social interaction and tells us that language has the
social function of communication to meet the needs of people. In the case of my
son Dan, He tries to tell me that he wants to play and go out of the house.

When he is with his father he said to him, Vamos carro, vamos arriba. When Dan
has hungry he says mas papa, mas tutu (tutu es su tetero), and to express
happiness he shouts and laughs, when it’s time for sleep he asks for his tutu and
muquequitos,in the case of Dan, the word most repetitive is mama and Vamos
calle. He lives with your family’s mother, father, and brother, and we encourage
our baby in his progress and celebrate his achievements, When he understands
the meaning of the words, he expresses using his words and answering questions
for example when the mother says to him, Do you want to sleep?, He says, tutu or
Do you want more eat? he says No mas or mas, Would you like to go to the
park? He says, Vamos parque, Niños, Vamos calle, sometimes he relates to his
clothes for example when we go out usually he wears to coat and hat, and the
moment of out he looks for those, in this way we can observe how the child relates
names with objects, another example, is the car of father, his bottle, his clothes
coat and hat, his toys which he calls for his name for example; pato, carro, perro,
pelota,oso etc. When he plays with toys usually he produces mini sentences like;
oso cayo, vamos carro, perro guagua, I believe in the same way that innate theory
in the existence of grammar is universal o something like that because is amazing
the ease my baby is learning his language mother, I mean, something in his brain
is activated when he receives input from the environment and he has the ability to
receive, process and produce language,

regarding the vocalizations of the words my baby Dan vocalizes the very clearly,
usually, he does not omit letters in the case of the word muñequitos, he says
muquequitos there is a substitution error, and he changes the letter ñ to q, and the
word agua he says abua, changed the letter g for b.
 Appraisal and reflection on Language acquisition concepts

Psycholinguistics was generated to give answers to some questions about

production, comprehension, acquisition, and loss of language, So the definition of
psycholinguistics according to (Maron Castaño, 2005) “Psycholinguistics is the
science in charge study how people understand, produce, acquire, and lose
language.

The controversial discussions about the perspectives of language if its

development is nature or nurture have been explained by some theories such as:

Behaviorist, (Nurture) Skinner, states that children learn language through a

stimulus they receive from the environment and this generates a response that
leads to the imitation of the language of children. In opposition to this theory
appears the Innatist theory guided by Chomsky who criticizes behaviorism and
mentions the existence of the LAD, Language Acquisition Device, or Universal
Grammar that develops language by receiving small stimuli from the environment.

On the other hand, Piaget raises the cognitive theory, in this case, the intelligence
or cognition of the child is necessary to acquire language, this theory does not give
importance to the social aspect, in this case, language develops through
interaction with objects, Piaget says that language is a product of thought.

In response to previous research, interactionism was born and takes up some

aspects of other theories such as stimuli are important and that imitation is positive,
they share Piaget's cognitive aspect and give great importance to social interaction
which provides stimuli, they take up the biological factor proposed by Chomsky but
do not admit that it is necessarily the LAD.
During the development of our course studied some stages in children’s first
language acquisition and the development of some language features for example
the stage of Pre-talking, which emits sound guttural and vowel, continue the stage
of Babbling, which emit sound between vowels and consonants, and this stage we
can highlight language features such as intonation, tone a, and rhythm. , followed
by this comes to the first word of the children this stage is called Holophrastic, after
this they are able to create mini sentences with two words with simple semantic
relations, Basically, a child at this age is already able to produce the consonant
sounds, appears the first negative sentences with the use of No.

In the Telegraphic stage, the child is able to create sentences with three words or
more, and these sentences can have a verb for example: “dog drinks water,” and
the child uses adverbs of place and pronouns in the first and second person. At
this stage, there is still no use of articles, prepositions, or inflections of gender or
number, but after this stage called the Later multiword stage, the child uses the
basic grammar system easily, for example, 42 Months: Sentences with but and
why, 48 Months: Passive, conditional and circumstantial sentences, adverbial
connections and 66 Months: Use the basic grammar system correctly.
 Referencias:
 Sohnata Hutauruk, B. (2015, 8 agosto). Children First Language Acquisition
At Age 1-3 Years Old In Balata. IOS JOURNAL. http://www.iosrjournals.org/

 Maron Castaño, G. E. (2005, 10 agosto). Reflexiones sobre la enseñanza

de la lengua; una aproximación socio-psicolingüistica.
Redalyc. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/3222/322230192017.pdf

 Martinez, E. (2018, 21 diciembre). El Desarrollo de la Morfosintaxis en un

Niño. Savia. https://www.saludsavia.com/contenidos-salud/articulos-
especializados/el-desarrollo-de-la-morfosintaxis-en-un-nino