Bangug, Vincent Jamiel M.

1. Explain how a synchronous motor differs from an induction motor with regards to its excitation
And the power factor at which it operates.

Excitation

-In order to run, the synchronous motor's armature needs to be excited. The field winding is excited by a
DC source, while an AC source powers the winding. In an induction motor, the stator winding is powered
by an AC source, while the rotor is activated by induction.

Power element

-By adjusting its excitation, a synchronous motor can be operated under a variety of power factors,
including both trailing and leading. On the other hand, an induction motor's power factor is just trailing
and rapidly deteriorates under light loads.

2. Why is it necessary to employ special starting equipment or constructions for the purpose of
Starting a synchronous motor?

-Synchronous motors are not naturally self-starting, so when a very high speed torque is applied to a
stationary rotor, the rotor is unable to respond to the change due to inertia and remains stationary.

3. What is meant by a synchronous condenser? What important function is performed by such a

Machine when it is installed in an electrical system?

- synchronous condenser or synchronous compensator is a motor that runs without a continuous load.
The leading reactive power supplied by the synchronous motor balances the lagging reactive power of
the industrial load and enhances the system's overall power factor when an overexcited motor is
operated on an electrical system with an industrial load that has a lagging power factor.

4. Enumerate some principal advantages and disadvantages of using synchronous motors.

Advantages
- It continues to run even when fully loaded.
- By adjusting the motor’s excitation, the power factor of a synchronous motor can be quickly
altered.
-Synchronous motors offer a higher starting torque than induction motors.

Disadvantages

- Synchronous motors do not start on their own

- Synchronous motors are more expensive than induction motors.
- Synchronous motors are more challenging to build than induction motors.

5. In selecting a motor for a given application, what factors must be taken into consideration?

Here are the factors that we need to consider in selecting a motor

-Power supply voltage and frequency variations

-Speed

-Mechanical design consideration

-Method of starting

-Output in Kw/Hp

-Limitations and condition