Synchronous machinery

Mr.Murtadha muhammed
Ms.Noor karim
Fdhelullah abdulkarim abdulmuhsin
Third stage (A)
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1-Number of EXP:- 12

2-Name of EXP:- Single phase induction motor

3-Date of EXP:- 16- 3 – 2023

4-Circuit diagram:-
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5-The purpose of EXP:- The purpose of a single-

phase induction motor experiment is to study the
characteristics and behavior of a single-phase
induction motor under different operating conditions.
This type of motor is commonly used in household
appliances, such as fans, pumps, and washing
machines.
The experiment can be used to investigate various
parameters of the motor, such as its speed, power
factor, efficiency, and starting and running torque.
By varying the supply voltage, frequency, and load,
the performance characteristics of the motor can be
studied and analyzed.
The experiment can also be used to demonstrate the
principles of induction motors and how they work,
including the role of the stator and rotor, the effects
of magnetic fields, and the relationship between
electrical and mechanical power.
Overall, the single-phase induction motor
experiment is a valuable tool for understanding the
operation and performance of these types of motors,
which are widely used in many different applications.
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6-Theoritical:- A single-phase induction motor is an

AC electric motor that operates on a single-phase
power supply, which is commonly available in
residential and commercial buildings. It is a type of
induction motor, which works on the principle of
electromagnetic induction.
The single-phase induction motor consists of a
stator, which contains the main winding and an
auxiliary winding, and a rotor. When an AC voltage is
applied to the main winding, a rotating magnetic field
is produced, which induces an electromotive force in
the rotor. This EMF generates a current in the rotor,
which produces a magnetic field that interacts with
the rotating magnetic field of the stator, causing the
rotor to rotate.
Unlike three-phase induction motors, which are self-
starting, single-phase induction motors require an
auxiliary winding or a starting capacitor to generate
a rotating magnetic field and start the motor. Once
the motor is running, the auxiliary winding is no
longer needed and is disconnected from the power
supply.
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Single-phase induction motors are commonly used

in household appliances, such as fans, pumps, air
conditioners, and washing machines, as well as in
small industrial applications where only single-phase
power is available.
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7-Discussion:-

*what are the characteristics of single phase

induction motor (starting)?
A single-phase induction motor is a type of
electric motor that operates on a single-phase
AC power supply. During the starting of a single-
phase induction motor, the following
characteristics can be observed:
1. Starting torque: Single-phase induction
motors typically have lower starting torque
compared to three-phase induction motors.
The starting torque is generated by the
interaction of the magnetic fields of the stator
and rotor. The starting torque is relatively low
because the magnetic fields in a single-phase
induction motor are not rotating at a constant
speed.
2. Starting current: Single-phase induction
motors require a higher starting current
compared to three-phase induction motors.
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This is because a single-phase power supply

only produces a pulsating magnetic field, which
does not provide a continuous force to start the
motor.
3. Starting methods: There are different
starting methods used to start a single-phase
induction motor, such as split-phase starting,
capacitor starting, and shaded pole starting.
These methods provide additional starting
torque to the motor.
4. Speed: The speed of a single-phase
induction motor is not constant and can vary
depending on the load. This is because the
motor's magnetic field speed is not
synchronized with the power supply
frequency.
5. Efficiency: Single-phase induction motors
have lower efficiency compared to three-phase
induction motors. This is because of the higher
starting current and lower starting torque,
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which results in more energy loss and reduced

efficiency.
Overall, single-phase induction motors are less
efficient and have lower starting torque
compared to three-phase induction motors.
However, they are still widely used in various
applications, such as household appliances,
small industrial machines, and pumps.