UNIVERSITY OF CALOOCAN CITY

Bachelor in Public Administration

PAC 019 – ETHICS AND ACCOUNTABLITY IN PUBLIC SERVICE

Lesson 5 : Types of Ethics

Lesson 6 : Ethical Dilemma and Ethical Dilemma at Work

Course Professor : Dr. DULCE NOTARIO

Group 5 ( BPA – 4B )

Valera, Jan Rey – Group Leader

Pasion, Leah Joy

Sampan, Arnel

Siongco, Miracel

Ta-ay, Chin-chin

Trinidad, Jhobelle Anne

Vega, Ezekiel

Zoleta, Ron Andro

NORMATIVE ETHICS
- Concerned with classifying actions as right or wrong without bias.
- System of moral principles that tells us what we ought to do in various
situations.

TYPES OF NORMATIVE ETHICS

a. Consequentialism – Focuses on consequences of actions.
b. Deontology – Focused on duty.
c. Virtue ethics – Focus on character.

METAETHICS
- It investigate where ethical come from.
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Bachelor in Public Administration

- META means beyond / above

- It is highly technical discipline investigating the meaning of ethical
terms, including a critical study of how ethical statement can be
verified.

APPLIED ETHICS
- This type of ethics refers to its application on a day to day basis, that
is,in workplace, in the business field, in medicine, in the legal field, in
politics, in each and every one of the activities that realizes the human
being.

EMPIRICAL ETHICS
- Is what created while living , that is, it is the one that arises from own
experience and direct observation.

CIVIC ETHICS
- Is one that is responsible for the human being behaves in a
“correct” way within society, since it will depend on the proper
functioning of it.
EXAMPLES :
a. Respect for national Symbols
b. Law

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
- Are standard set by professional organizations for the behavior and
values of people working within specific field.

MILITARY ETHICS
 are broad set of codes and standards, both written and
understood, that military members expected to uphold. They
are usually designed to guide soldiers action in the battle,
their decision making in the field and their chain of command
and at home.

MEDICAL ETHICS
 concerned with the obligation of doctors and the hospital to
the patient along with other health professionals and society.
The health profession has a set of ethics, applicable to
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Bachelor in Public Administration

different groups of health professionals and health-care

institutions.

UTILITARIAN ETHICS
- Its logic establishes that what benefits the majority of the population
is good. Consequently, the good and the bad will depend on how
useful it is for humanity.

RELIGIOUS ETHICS
- This type of ethics is what is influenced by religion. Each religion it
follows specific norms, for which religious ethics is divided
according to existing religions. For example, there is Christian
ethics, Muslim ethics, Hindu ethics, among others.

CHRISTIAN ETHICS -The Christian ethic is one that is responsible

for ensuring the fulfillment of the values taught in the Gospels, that
is, seeks that people act as Jesus acted.

HINDU ETHICS – is one that is characterized by the search for

peace, for this it is necessary that the human being has self control,
have compassion for all living beings, and moved away from the
violence staying pure and sincere.

MUSLIM ETHICS – is responsible for ensuring compliance with the

commandments of Koran. It also seek that human being in the
footsteps of Muhammad, a Muslim prophet who is considered an
example to follow.

EPICUREAN ETHICS
- This type of ethics is based on the thought of philosopher
Epicurus , who established that pleasure was the purpose of all
human beings.
- Epicurus believed that everything that produced pleasure was
good, whereas he considered that everything that produced pain
was bad. However, Epicurus always said that pleasure should be
rational and moderate.
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Bachelor in Public Administration

STOIC ETHICS
- It establishes that the human being must live according to the laws
of nature. For this reason, it is necessary that human beings
become virtuous and strong beings that can withstand everything
that comes over them, without showing any feeling.

ETHICAL DILEMMA
- An ethical dilemma is a problem in the decision-making process
between two possible options, neither of which is absolutely
acceptable from an ethical perspective.

ETHICAL DILEMMA AT WORK

- when something at work goes against your personal ethics, morals
and values. This could be something that one of your colleagues or
managers is doing, or something that you are doing yourself.