CONTENTS

Page
SR No. Subject
No.
1.1 Introduction 02
1.2 Centered on 3 Key Areas 02-03
1.3 Digital India – An exemplary story for India 04-05
1.4 Estimated Costs and Impacts 06
1.5 Digital India: Technology to transform connected
07-08
nations
1. 1.6 Opportunities of Digital India 08
1.7 Challenges for Digital India Program 09
1.8 Vision of Digital India Scheme 09
1.9 5 Indian Sectors that are leveraging digital to drive
10-11
growth
1.10 Going digital: A bubbling revolution in rural areas 11-12
1.11 Nine pillars of digital India 13-15

2. Literature Review 16-17

3. Research Methodology 17-18

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Digital India

1.1 Introduction
Digital India is a campaign launched by the Government of India in order to ensure
that the Government’s services are made available to citizens electronically by
improved online infrastructure and by increasing Internet connectivity or making the
country digitally empowered in the field of technology. The initiative includes plans
to connect rural areas with high-speed internet networks. It consists of three core
components: the development of secure and stable digital infrastructure, delivering
government services digitally, and universal digital literacy.
1.2 Centered on 3 Key Areas
1) Digital Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen -
 High speed internet as a core utility
 Cradle to grave digital identity -unique, lifelong, online, Authenticable
 Mobile phone & Bank account enabling participation in Digital & financial space
 Easy access to a Common Service Centre
 Shareable private space on a public cloud.
 Safe and secure Cyber-space
2) Governance & Services on Demand -
 Seamlessly integrated across departments or jurisdictions
 Services available in real time from online &mobile platform
 All citizen entitlements to be available on the cloud
 Services digitally transformed for improving Ease of Doing Business
 Making financial transactions electronic & cashless
 Leveraging GIS for decision support systems & development
3) Digital Empowerment of Citizens -
 Universal Digital Literacy
 Universally accessible digital resources
 All documents/ certificates to be available on cloud
 Availability of digital resources / services in Indian languages
 Collaborative digital platforms for participative governance
 Portability of all entitlements through cloud
Digital India is a Programme to prepare India for a knowledge future. The focus is on
being transformative – to realize IT + IT = IT The focus is on making technology
central to enabling change. It is an Umbrella Programme – covering many
departments. It weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a single,
comprehensive vision so that each of them is seen as part of a larger goal. Each
individual element stands on its own. But is also part of the larger picture. It is
coordinated by Deity, implemented by the entire government. The weaving together
makes the Mission transformative in totality the Programme: pulls together many
existing schemes. These schemes will be restructured and re-focused. They will be
implemented in a synchronized manner. Many elements are only process
improvements with minimal cost. The common branding of programmers as Digital
India highlights their transformative impact.
BPO and job growth: The government is planning to create 28,000 seats of BPOs in
various states and set up at least one Common Service Centre in each of the gram
panchayats in the state.
e-Sampark Vernacular email service: Out of 10% English speaking Indians, only 2%
reside in rural areas. Rest everyone depends on their vernacular language for all living
their lives. However, as of now, email addresses can only be created in the English
language. To connect rural India with Digital India, the Government of India impelled
email services provider giants including Gmail, office, and Reify to provide the email
address in regional languages. The email provider companies have shown positive
sign and is working in the same process. An Indian-based company, Data Xgen
Technologies Pvt Ltd, has launched world’s first free linguistic email address under
the name ‘DATAMAIL’which allows creating email ids in 8 Indian languages,
English; and three foreign languages – Arabic, Russian and Chinese. Over the period
of time, the email service in 22 languages will be offered by Data Xgen Technologies.
1.3 Digital India – An exemplary story for India
“The digital age is changing everything around us,” said Prime Minister Narendra
Modi while addressing the Sydney Dialogue via video conference on Thursday. He
spoke about cryptocurrencies and India’s digital revolution. Here are the top 10
quotes from PM Modi’s speech at the Sydney Dialogue.
Recently, Prime Minister Narendra Modi made a telling observation about his idea of
India: “… every Indian must have a smartphone in his hand and every field must be
covered by a drone”. This was a reaffirmation of his commitment that ordinary
Indians must be empowered with technology. Digital India is a transformative
programme to deliver that objective. He was equally clear that digital technology
must be low-cost, developmental, inclusive, and substantially home-grown and it
should bridge the digital divide and usher in digital inclusion. After eight years of
digital governance, there is concrete evidence to showcase this digital transformation.
India today is home to more than 75 crore smartphones, 133 crore Aadhaar cards,
more than 80 crore internet users, has 4G and is now accelerating towards 5G. Above
all, it has among the lowest data tariffs in the world. India’s march is the result of PM
Modi’s vision, which he shared at the launch of Digital India on July 1, 2015. He had
said: “In this digital age, we have an opportunity to transform the lives of people in
ways that were hard to imagine just a couple of decades ago. I see technology as a
means to empowerment and as a tool that bridges the distance between hope and
opportunity.” Digital India solved some of the most difficult problems the country
had been facing for decades. Ensuring delivery of government schemes to its
beneficiaries without leakage or misuse remained a herculean task. The Jan-Dhan-
Aadhaar-Mobile (JAM) trinity has ensured that the poorest receive every penny of
their entitled benefits. Financial benefits worth nearly Rs 23 lakh crore have been
transferred using DBT technology in the last eight years. This has led to savings of Rs
2.22 lakh crore of public money. The digital ecosystem was also useful in tackling the
challenge of the pandemic. From bulk messages to people in quarantine areas giving
useful information and using digital technology for vaccination to digital education
for students when schools were closed, there have been shining examples of
empowerment, inclusion and opportunity. Leveraging the power of drones and GIS
technologies, SVAMITVA Yojana is providing digital land records to the rightful
owners. This will not only reduce disputes but also facilitate monetization of land for
availing bank loans and enable scientific village level planning. Nearly 2.14 crore
land parcels have been digitized so far.
The Inclusive character of Digital India not only makes it a unique initiative but also
reflects our core philosophy of “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vishwas”. Providing access to
high-speed internet to the farthest hamlet, ensuring access to assisted digital services
for those who cannot use digital technologies and providing digital literacy have been
key to making digital growth inclusive. To provide high-speed broadband to all the
villages, optical fiber has been laid in 1.83 lakh gram panchayats under Bharat Net.
There were only 80,000 Common Service Centers (CSCs) in 2014, which is an entity
under the Ministry of Electronics and IT headed by Secretary IT, for providing
assisted delivery of digital services to common citizens offering only a few services.
Today, there are nearly four lakh CSCs. These CSCs are offering banking, insurance,
state and central government services, passport and PAN card services, digital
literacy, rural ecommerce services and pre-litigation advice etc.
India has emerged as the fastest-growing ecosystem for fintech innovations. India’s
digital payments revolution is being appreciated globally. This was made possible due
to innovative digital payment products like UPI and Aadhaar-Enabled Payment
Systems (AEPS). When banks and ATMs were shut during Covid-19, AEPS-based
micro-ATM at CSCs and post offices provided doorstep delivery of cash. India has
more than 61,400 startups as of March 2022, making it the third-largest startup
ecosystem after the US and China. With nearly 14,000 startups getting recognized
during 2021-22, 555 districts of India had at least one new startup as per the
Economic Survey 2022. It is very refreshing to note that many of these startups are
coming from mofussil towns or rural areas. Nearly 44 startups achieved unicorn status
in 2021 and in the first four months of 2022, 14 startups have become unicorns. India
is rapidly becoming atmanirbhar in electronics manufacturing. The value of
electronics manufacturing in India has touched $75 billion in 2020-21 from $29
billion in 2014. There were only two mobile phone manufacturing units in 2014. With
initiatives like Modified Special Incentive Scheme (MSIPS), Electronics
Manufacturing Cluster, National Policy on Electronics 2019, Electronics
Development Fund, Production Linked Incentive (PLI) and Scheme for Promotion of
Electronics Components and Semiconductors (SPECS), India is moving towards self-
reliance in the field of electronics manufacturing. Today, there are more than 250
mobile phones, components and accessories manufacturing units. Indian companies
have developed their own 4G and 5G technologies. The Modi government’s
commitment to making India self-reliant in semiconductor chip manufacturing has
also attracted many big investors. The story of India’s digital transformation is a story
of the visionary leadership of PM Modi and his commitment to bringing about
inclusive growth and transformation using technology. Digital India’s motto – “Power
to Empower” — is truly living up to its goals and expectations. In the last eight years,
the success of Digital India only confirms that it has a robust future in India’s
development.
1.4 Estimated Costs and Impacts
Overall Costs of Digital India
 Rs 100,000 Cr in ongoing schemes (only DeitY, DOT & not incl. those in other
line Ministries)
 Rs 13,000 Cr for new schemes & activities
 Impact of Digital India by 2019
 Broadband in 2.5 lakh villages, universal phone connectivity
 Net Zero Imports by 2020
 400,000 Public Internet Access Points
 Wi-Fi in 2.5 lakh schools, all universities; Public Wi-Fi hotspots for citizens
 Digital Inclusion: 1.7 Cr trained for IT, Telecom and Electronics Jobs
 Job creation: Direct 1.7 Cr. And Indirect at least 8.5 Cr.
 e-Governance & e-services: Across government
 India to be leader in IT use in services – health, education, banking
 Digitally empowered citizens – public cloud, internet access
1.5 Digital India: Technology to transform a connected nation
India’s digital surge is well under way on the consumer side, Even as its businesses
show uneven adoption and a gap opens between digital leaders and other firms.
This report examines the opportunities for India’s future digital growth and the
challenges that will need to be managed as it continues to embrace the digital
economy. India is one of the largest and fastest-growing markets for Digital
consumers, with 560 million internet subscribers, In 2018, second only to China.
Indian mobile data Users consume 8.3 gigabits (GB) of data each month on average,
compared with 5.5 GB for mobile users in China and somewhere in the range of 8.0 to
8.5 GB in South Korea, an advanced digital economy. Indians have 1.2 billion mobile
phone subscriptions and downloaded more than 12 billion apps in 2018. Our analysis
of 17 mature and emerging economies finds India is Digitizing faster than any other
country in the study, save Indonesia—and there is plenty of room to grow: just over
40 percent of the populace has an internet subscription. The public and private sectors
are both propelling digital Consumption growth. The government has enrolled more
than 1.2 billion Indians in its biometric digital identity programme, Aadhaar, and
brought more than 10 million Businesses onto a common digital platform through a
goods and services tax. Competitive offerings by Telecommunications firms have
turbocharged internet subscriptions and data consumption, which quadrupled in both
2017 and 2018 and helped bridge a digital divide; India’s lower-income states are
growing faster than higher-income ones in internet infrastructure and subscriptions.
Based on current trends, we estimate that India will increase the number of internet
users by about 40 percent to between 750 million and 800 million and double the
number of smartphones to between 650 million and 700 million by 2023. Our survey
of more than 600 firms shows that digital adoption businesses has been uneven across
all sectors. Digital leaders in the top quartile of adopters are two to three times more
likely to use software for customer relationship management, enterprise resource
planning, or search engine optimization than firms in the bottom quartile and are
almost 15 times more likely to Centralize digital management. Firm size is not always
a differentiator: while large firms are far ahead in digital areas requiring large
investments like making sales through their own website, small businesses are
leapfrogging ahead of large ones in other areas, including acceptance of digital
payments and the use of social media and video conferencing to reach and support
customers. Digital applications could proliferate across most sectors of India’s
economy. By 2025, core digital sectors such as IT and business process management,
digital communication services, and electronics manufacturing could double their
GDP level to $355 billion to $435 billion. Newly digitizing sectors, including
agriculture, education, energy, financial services, healthcare, logistics, and retail, as
well as government services and labor markets, could each create $10 billion to
$150 billion of incremental economic value in 2025 as digital applications in these
sectors help raise output, save costs and time, reduce fraud, and improve matching of
demand and supply. The productivity unlocked by the digital economy could create
60 million to 65 million jobs by 2025, many of tem requiring functional digital skills,
according to our estimates. Retraining and redeployment will be essential to help
some 40 million to 45 million workers whose jobs could be displaced or transformed.
New digital ecosystems are already visible, reshaping Consumer-producer
interactions in agriculture, healthcare, retail, logistics, and other sectors.
Opportunities span such areas as data-driven lending and insurance payouts in the
farm sector to digital solutions that map out the most efficient routes and monitor
cargo movements on India’s highways. In healthcare, patients could turn to
teleconsultations via digital voice or HD video, and in retail, brick-and-mortar stores
would find value from being part of e-commerce platforms. All stakeholders will need
to respond effectively if India is to achieve its digital potential. Executives will need
to anticipate the digital forces that will disrupt their businesses and invest in building
capabilities, including partnering with universities and outsourcing or acquiring talent
to deliver digital projects. Governments will need to invest in digital infrastructure
and public data that organizations can leverage even as they put in place strong
privacy and security safeguards. Capturing the gains of the digital economy will
require more ease in creating, scaling, and exiting startups as well as policies to
facilitate retraining and new-economy jobs for workers. Individuals will need to
inform themselves about how the digital economy could affect them as workers and
Consumers and prepare to capture its opportunities.
1.6 Opportunities of Digital India
The Digital India initiative will be create approx $1-trillion business Opportunities
related to communications, IT and IT-enabled services, telecom and Manufacturing of
electronics. Digital India program brings or opens up a excess of Opportunities for
technology companies such as broadband infrastructure building; Generate identity
solutions, system of payment, online delivery system etc. Digital India program
provides business opportunities initially in the following sectors: Electronic
Manufacturing: Providing skill development opportunities for Private sector through
telecom and electronics, Investment in infrastructure of Testing laboratories under the
required standard. Information and Communication Technology: Required IT trainer
to train People in villages and small town, training for service delivery agent, Jobs for
IT experts, software developer and network experts. National e-Governance
Department: With its establishment, requirement of Senior Consultant and IT
consultant generated. Healthcare: Telemedicine and remote health plan will create
huge opportunity For universal accessibility to quality healthcare. Cyber Security:
Cyber security is important area of focus where abundant Opportunities are available.
It is necessary that all type and size of organizations Should invest significantly in
securing their products and services. Telecom: Provide training to rural workforce on
telecom and telecom relate Services (TSPs). Infrastructure: To establish broadband
and integrate the network and cloud Infrastructure for better connectivity creates
many opportunity for networking Experts and related organizations. Agriculture:
Agriculture sector in India contributes 16% in India GDP while Almost 51% in
employment It will help our farmers activities like crop choice, Seed variety weather,
plant protection and market rate information the Opportunity will increase if
government makes a framework for private sector to Digital India Program. Compete
and offer best services to farmers Setup of virtual market, crop Insurance, soil health
card scheme etc. Economy: Digital economy has great power to change the lives of
millions of Indian people. It is a tool which would provide the opportunity for country
to Expand its role. Marketing: Numerous opportunities related to the marketing such
as Digital Process of advertisement, e –business, online shopping etc. Finance:
Finding new way from online banking to digital wallet, crowd funding, Low cost
commercial transaction.
1.7 Challenges for Digital India Program
The Digital India program is a very large scale project of the India Government. Thus,
Indian Government facing many challenges for completes the Project. The major
challenges are as follows:
Less co-ordination among various departments: As we know it is a very large Project
that consists of many departments. So, timely and strong support of Departments is
very important for properly and timely completion of the projects. Implementation
Cost is very high: As shown above still very high amount is Required to implement
the Digital India plan. Infrastructure: Robust and large data center (used to store large
data of entire Country) are other supportive infrastructure require for National Optic
Fiber Network (NOFN) project. It is planned to build for high speed broadband
highway. Excess time: Project like NOFN has been delayed several times and taken
Almost 2 year so it has also delayed other related projects. The project will be
Successful when it completed on time. Contribution of Private Players: Many
regulations as well as very long and Delayed projects are inhibiting the entry of
private organization in Digital India Program. Private organization will play a
necessary role in its success.
1.8 Vision of Digital India Scheme
The goal of the Digital India scheme is to make India a digitally empowered society
with a knowledge economy. The vision is divided into 3 parts. The digital
infrastructure as a utility to every citizen, governance and services on demand, and
digital empowerment of citizens.
Digital Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen;
A well-connected country is necessary for a well-served country. When even the most
remote Indian villages are connected to the internet via broadband and high-speed
internet, the delivery of electronic government services to all citizens, targeted social
benefits, and financial inclusion will become a reality. “Digital infrastructure as a
utility to every person” is one of the primary themes on which the Digital India
Scheme is focused. High-speed internet as a core utility to support online delivery of
diverse services is a major component of this strategy. It is planned to establish
enabling infrastructure for digital identification and financial inclusion, as well as to
ensure that common service centers are easily accessible. The citizens must be
provided with “digital lockers,” which would be shareable private areas on a public
cloud where government departments and agencies may store documents for quick
online access. The scheme is also intended to make cyberspace a safe and secure
environment.
The following are the highlights of this vision: High-speed internet access as a basic
utility for delivering services to citizens Every citizen has a digital identity that is
unique, lifelong, online, and authenticable from birth to death. Citizen participation in
the digital and financial world is enabled through a mobile phone and a bank account.
Access to a Common Service Centre is simple. On a public cloud, a private place that
citizens can share. Cyberspace is a safe and secure environment.
1.9 5 Indian Sectors that are leveraging digital to drive growth
As the world continues to undergo a massive digital transformation, the adoption of
digital technology is imperative for the key sectors and industries to ensure they are
future ready and well-positioned to make it big globally. Let’s look at the 5 sectors
that are undergoing a massive digital overhaul and are gearing up to grow on a robust
digital foundation in the times to come.
 Infrastructure sector
A robust infrastructure is the key to success for any developing economy. As India is
scaling up its current infrastructure, massive transformation is taking place across the
sector’s value chain. From infrastructure financing to construction technologies,
digital technologies are enabling innovation, efficiency and sustainability for the
sector. This digital revolution can go a long way in improving quality, cutting costs,
enhancing safety, reducing risks and boosting profits for this space.
Additionally, the demand for smart and sustainable technologies has been gaining
ground since the last few years with increasing concerns about the environmental
impacts of construction activities. Digital technologies are helping infrastructure
companies in staying ahead in the race of incorporating innovations that are
sustainable and align with the rising trend of constructing smart highways, bridges,
buildings, and cities across the globe.
 Healthcare and life sciences sector
Digital transformation offers biopharma, MedTech and life sciences firms the
opportunities to execute efficiently, engage effectively and innovate new products and
services. A digital foundation can help the sector take advantage of emerging
technologies such as analytics, cognitive intelligence, block chain, cloud, digital
reality. Digital transformation has enabled hospitals to store and study patients’
medical details and derive key insights with enhanced accuracy. This is resulting in
increased precision and higher success rates of medical procedures, such as surgeries,
diagnostics, disease detection, etc.
 E-commerce sector
Digital businesses are now more than just buying and selling on a website. Digital is
now more of a medium that uses technology to exchange goods and services, while
ensuring that it reaches the right people. Multi-sided marketplaces harness the power
of network effects through collaborative commerce, to grow exponentially thereby
constantly creating value for its users. The business model of an online marketplace Is
a win-win-win for buyers, sellers, and marketplace owners. Buyers benefit from being
able to browse and shop across multiple categories of products, as well as a variety of
brands. Sellers gain access to more buyers than they would independently. The
marketplace owners benefit because they’re able to earn a commission on sales
without having to bear the inventory and logistics costs.
 Manufacturing sector
Over the last few years, the manufacturing sector has undergone a massive digital
transformation. Several factories are turning into ‘smart factories’ that rely on latest
technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), cloud
computing and analytics to automate tasks. These technologies are resulting in higher
productivity, better quality, increased automation, predictive maintenance and higher
efficiency. AI-powered insights are reducing manufacturing errors, thus saving time
and money.
 Automotive sector
India’s automotive ecosystem is rapidly digitizing itself across 2 key themes. First is
the rise of connected vehicles enabling location-based services, usage-based insurance
and multimodal integration. Second is the digitization of automotive value chain,
from manufacturing to retail, mobility services and connected infrastructure. Digital
technologies are creating value for the automotive industry by breaking the mould of
the entire automotive value chain, as it creates greater efficiencies and cost savings.
The explosion in the breadth and depth of data available is accelerating and
amplifying the impact that digital technologies are having on the sectors.
Directly sell it to retail chains—giving them the power to negotiate a fair price for
their harvest. Multiple startups have created similar marketplaces. Bain & Company’s
research shows that the Indian agritech sector got $1 billion in funding from 2017 to
2020. Many startups are developing AI-enabled technology and apps to provide end-
to-end solutions, which include soil testing, microfinance, weather updates, and more
1.10 Going digital: A bubbling revolution in rural areas
1) EDUCATION
The Indian edtech market is gaining a strong foothold. The heart-warming story of
Ranjitsinh Disale, a government schoolteacher in Maharashtra and winner of the $1
million Global Teacher Prize, is particularly poignant. Disale revolutionised the use of
QR codes in textbooks by embedding them with audio poems, video lectures,
assignments, and more, allowing students to access an interactive school environment,
especially for girls, on days they missed school. As a result, the Ministry of Education
soon announced that all NCERT textbooks would embed QR codes. Similarly, the
Indian government has also introduced free digital e-learning platforms such as
Diksha and E-Pathshala. Diksha offers engaging learning material, relevant to the
prescribed school curriculum, to teachers, students and parents. Similarly, E-
Pathshala, developed by NCERT hosts educational e-resources including textbooks,
audio, video, periodicals and a variety of print and non-print materials through
website and mobile app. Collectively the available apps offer host explanation videos,
e-books, interactive lessons, in 12 to 15 Indian languages. This is a significant step
towards better and more inclusive education.
2) HEALTH 
The healthtech market will likely be worth $50 billion by 2033 (RBSA Advisors
Report). It is a sector that uses the agency of NGOs, the private sector and
government initiatives through a competent network of ASHA workers. The
eSanjeevani app (a national browser-based application facilitating doctor-to-doctor
and patient-to-doctor tele-consultations) has facilitated over five million tele-
consultations and was a boon during the pandemic, especially in rural areas. Through
eSanjeevani OPD, one can seek medical advice as well as medication through audio
and video. The Since the pandemic, a few NGOs have built effective virtual clinics to
cater to antenatal and pediatric care after hospitals were converted to Covid-19 care
centers. In addition, startups’ digitisation of single medical stores enables patients in
remote areas to access medicines outside their village limits.
3) AGRICULTURE
Around 70 percent of India’s rural households depend on agriculture according to the
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Therefore, agritech is naturally drawing
interest from farmers, governments, and private startups. One such is the Karnataka
government’s e-Sahamathi app. The e-governance department has developed the e-
Sahamati app with the help of National Informatics Centre (NIC). Under this app,
farmers must agree to share their crop information with the aggregator which will in
turn share details such as a farmer’s name, his crop, landholding etc. with the retailer.
In essence, allowing the farmers to list their produce and directly sell it to retail chains
—giving them the power to negotiate a fair price for their harvest. Multiple startups
have created similar marketplaces. Bain & Company’s research shows that the Indian
agritech sector got $1 billion in funding from 2017 to 2020. Many startups are
developing AI-enabled technology and apps to provide end-to-end solutions, which
include soil testing, microfinance, weather updates, and more.
4) ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
The Ministry of Labor and Employment’s e-Shram portal, a digital database of
unorganised workers, is a fine example of a digital upgrade. For the first time e-Shram
allows construction and migrant workers to access job opportunities in an organised
fashion. Additionally, as per the ministry, it is to provide social security to workers,
offering a pension after the age of 60 Years if you have a Shramik Card along with
insurance benefits. The Union Labour Minister has shared that the portal has received
registrations for over 400 occupations. Given the unregulated nature of these markets,
this is a great way to ease the process of seeking and employing skilled labor. Besides
employment creation, the digital revolution has created opportunities for economic
activities in rural India by making them an integral part of the market value chain for
products and services—both as suppliers and consumers. This was further aided by
the Jan Dhan Account-Aadhaar-mobile connectivity or JAM trinity as it is popularly
called, which brought crores of people into the banking system and transparency in
transactions.
5) WOMEN EMPOWERMENT
My experience with rural communities has convinced me that our women are a
formidable force and can uplift their communities if given an opportunity. For
example, Angrekond, a village in Raigad, has raised self-help groups comprising 30
women thanks to digital and financial literacy programs. Once homemakers, they are
now self-made entrepreneurs. Many non-profits are partnering with tech companies to
empower rural communities, especially women. These networks are introducing
communities to online skill training via YouTube and social messaging apps, leading
them to become entrepreneurs and manage small businesses.
1.11 Nine pillars of digital India
1) Broadband Highways –
This covers three sub components, namely Broadband for All Rural, Broadband for
All Urban and National Information Infrastructure. Under Broadband for All Rural,
250 thousand village Panchayats would be covered by December, 2016. DoT will be
the nodal Department and the project cost is estimated to be approximately Rs. 32,000
Cr. Under Broadband for All Urban, Virtual Network Operators would be leveraged
for service delivery and communication infrastructure in new urban development and
buildings would be mandated. National Information Infrastructure would integrate
the networks like SWAN, NKN and NOFN along with cloud enabled National and
State Data Centers. It will also have provision for horizontal connectivity to 100, 50,
20 and 5 government offices/ service outlets at state, district, block and panchayat
levels respectively. DeitY will be the nodal department and the project cost is
estimated to be around Rs 15,686 Cr for implementation in 2 years and maintenance
& support for 5 years.
2) Universal Access to Mobile Connectivity –
The initiative is to focus on network penetration and fill the gaps in connectivity in
the country. All together 42,300 uncovered villages will be covered for providing
universal mobile connectivity in the country. DoT will be the nodal department and
project cost will be around Rs 16,000 Cr during FY 2014-18.
3) Public Internet Access Programme –
The two sub components of Public Internet Access Programme are Common Service
Centers and Post Offices as multi-service centers. Common Service Centers would be
strengthened and its number would be increased from approximately 135,000
operational at present to 250,000 i.e. one CSC in each Gram Panchayat. CSCs would
be made viable, multi-functional end-points for delivery of government and business
services. DeitY would be the nodal department to implement the scheme. A total of
150,000 Post Offices are proposed to be converted Into multi service centers.
Department of Posts would be the nodal department to implement this scheme.
4) e-Governance: Reforming Government through Technology -
Government Business Process Re-engineering using IT to improve transactions is the
most critical for transformation across government and therefore needs to be
implemented by all ministries/ departments. The guiding principles for reforming
government through technology are: Form simplification and field reduction – Forms
should be made simple and user friendly and only minimum and necessary
information should be collected. Online applications, tracking of their status and
interface between departments should be provided. Use of online repositories e.g.
school certificates, voter ID cards, etc. should be mandated so that citizens are not
required to submit these documents in physical form. Integration of services and
platforms, e.g. UIDAI, Payment Gateway, Mobile Platform, Electronic Data
Interchange (EDI) etc. should be mandated to facilitate integrated and interoperable
service delivery to citizens and businesses. Electronic Databases – all databases and
information should be electronic and not manual. Workflow Automation Inside
Government – The workflow inside government departments and agencies should be
automated to enable efficient government processes and also to allow visibility of
these processes to the citizens. Public Grievance Redressal – IT should be used to
automate, respond and analyze data to identify and resolve persistent problems. These
would be largely process improvements.
5) E-Kranti (Electronic Delivery of Services) -
There are 31 Mission Mode Projects under different stages of e-governance project
lifecycle. Further, 10 new MMPs have been added to e-Kranti by the Apex
Committee on National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) headed by the Cabinet Secretary
in its meeting held on 18th March 2014.
Technology for Education- E- Schools will be connected with broadband. Free wifi
will be provided in all secondary and higher secondary schools (coverage would be
around 250,000 schools). A programme on digital literacy would be taken up at the
national level. MOOCs –Massive Online Open Courses shall be developed and
leveraged for e-Education.
Technology for Health – e-Healthcare would cover online medical consultation,
online medical records, online medicine supply, pan-India exchange for patient
information. Pilots shall be undertaken in 2015 and full coverage would be provided
in 3 years.
Technology for Farmers- This would facilitate farmers to get real time price
information, online ordering of inputs and online cash, loan and relief payment with
mobile banking.
Technology for Security -Mobile based emergency services and disaster related
services would be provided to citizens on real time basis so as to take precautionary
measures well in time and minimize loss of lives and properties.
Technology for Financial Inclusion-Financial Inclusion shall be strengthened using
Mobile Banking, Micro-ATM program and CSCs/ Post Offices.
Technology for Justice- Interoperable Criminal Justice System shall be strengthened
by leveraging e-Courts, e-Police, e-Jails and e-Prosecution.
Technology for Planning- National GIS Mission Mode Project would be implemented
to facilitate GIS based decision making for project planning, conceptualization, design
and development.
Technology for Cyber Security- National Cyber Security Co-ordination Center would
be set up to ensure safe and secure cyber-space within the country.
6) Information for All -
Open Data platform and online hosting of information & documents would facilitate
open and easy access to information for citizens. Government shall pro-actively
engage through social media and web based platforms to inform citizens. MyGov.in
has already been launched as a medium to exchange ideas/ suggestions with
Government. It will facilitate 2-way communication between citizens and
government. Online messaging to citizens on special occasions/programs would be
facilitated through emails and SMSes. The above would largely utilise existing
infrastructure and would need limited additional resources.

7) Electronics Manufacturing -
Target NET ZERO Imports is a striking demonstration of intent. This ambitious goal
requires coordinated action on many fronts taxation, incentives Economies of scale,
eliminate cost disadvantages. Focus areas – Big Ticket Items FABS, Fab-less design,
Set top boxes, VSATs, Mobiles, Consumer & Medical Electronics, Smart Energy
meters, Smart cards, micro-ATMs.
8) IT for Jobs -
1 Cr students from smaller towns & villages will be trained for IT sector jobs over
5 years. DeitY would be the nodal department for this scheme. BPOs would be set up
in every north-eastern state to facilitate ICT enabled growth in these states. DeitY
would be the nodal department for this scheme. 3 lakh service delivery agents would
be trained as part of skill development to run viable businesses delivering IT services.
DeitY would be the nodal department for this scheme. 5 lakh rural workforce would
be trained by the Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) to cater to their own needs.
Department of Telecom (DoT) would be the nodal department for this scheme.
9) Early Harvest Programmes -
 IT Platform for Messages-A Mass Messaging Application has been developed by
DeitY that will cover elected representatives and all Government employees. 1.36
Cr mobiles and 22 Lakh emails are part of the database. Government Greetings to
be e-Greetings. Basket of e-Greetings templates have been made available. Crowd
sourcing of e-Greetings through MyGov.in platform has been ensured. E-
Greetings portal has been made live on 14th August 2014.Biometric attendance. It
will cover all Central Govt. Offices in Delhi and is already operational in DeitY
and has been initiated in the Department of Urban Development. On-boarding has
also started in other departments. Wi-Fi in All Universities- All universities on the
National •Knowledge Network (NKN) shall be covered under this scheme.
Ministry of HRD is the nodal ministry for implementing this scheme.
 Secure Email within Government-Email would be the primary mode of
communication.
 Phase-I upgradation for 10 lakh employees has been completed. In Phase II,
infrastructure would be further upgraded to cover 50 lakh employees by March
2015 at a cost of Rs 98 Cr. DeitY is the nodal department for this scheme.
 Standardize Government Email Design- Standardized templates for Government
email are under preparation and would be ready by October 2014. This would be
implemented by DeitY.
 Public Wi-Fi hotspots- cities with population of over 1 million and tourist centers
would be provided with public Wi-Fi hotspots to promote digital cities. The
scheme would be implemented by DoT and MoUD.
 School Books to be eBooks- All books shall be converted into eBooks. Min. of
HRD/ DeitY would be the nodal agencies for this scheme.
 SMS based weather information, disaster alerts- SMS based weather information
and disaster alerts would be provided. DeitY’s Mobile Seva Platform is already
 ready and available for this purpose. MoES (IMD) / MHA (NDMA) would be the
nodal organizations for implementing this scheme.
 National Portal for Lost & Found children-This would facilitate real time
information gathering and sharing on the lost and found children and would go a
long way to check crime and improve timely response. DeitY/ DoWCD would be
the nodal departments for this project.
Chapter 2
Literature Review
Olalere etal.( 2013) studied the conception of digitalization, its significance, features
and challenges for the broadcast media in Nigeria. The study also anatomized
literatures on digitization and the extent to which it has impacted on the operations of
broadcast media in Nigeria. The study was grounded on both primary and secondary
sources. The primary source includes interviews with media experts and stakeholders
while the secondary is sourced from libraries, libraries, Newspapers, Magazines and
other office study.
Gupta and Arora (2015) studied the positive impact that Digitization of Indian
frugality will have on the growth and development of pastoral Indian Sector. The
study also bandied nine pillars of Digital India.
Khan et. al( 2015) studied the conception of digitization along with the social
profitable and ecological benefits of digitization of knowledge and information.
Digitization is the social metamorphosis started by the massive relinquishment of
digital technologies to share and manage digital information.
Midha (2016) concentrated on walls and remedies to help the challenges faced by the
Indian people. Vision, compass and pillars were also included. The study also bandied
how the government services can be available to every citizen electronically and
ameliorate the quality of life of every citizen
Priyadarsini and Vijayaratnam (2016) bandied about factors of Digital India and its
nine pillars, adaptation of ‘look at town lets’ policy and the smart town lets driving
towards smart India and the prerequisites of a smart town lets cluster. Indian town
lets need to be more focused on introductory effects similar as health care, reason and
education.
 Chapter 3
Research Methodology
3.1 Objective of the study:-
i. To understand the concept of Digital India.
ii. To find out the challenges in implementing this project.
iii. To find out the impacts of implementing this project.
iv. To analyse the future prospects of the project.
v. To understand the advantage of digital India.
vi. To find out practical solutions and innovative ideas to achieve the objectives
of ‘Digital India’
vii. Main challenges in the digital India.

3.2 Scope of the study:-

The overall scope of this programme is

i. To prepare India for a knowledge future.

ii. On being transformative that is to realize IT (Indian Talent) + IT (Information
Technology) = IT (India Tomorrow).
iii. Making technology central to enabling change.
iv. On being an Umbrella Programme – covering many departments.
v. The programme weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a
single, comprehensive vision, so that each of them is seen as part of a larger
goal. Each individual element stands on its own, but is also part of the larger
picture.
vi. The weaving together makes the Mission transformative in totality.
vii. The Digital India Programme will pull together many existing schemes which
would be restructured and re-focused and implemented in a synchronized
manner. The common branding of the programmes as Digital India, highlights
their transformative impact.

3.3 Limitation of the study:-

3.4 Source of data collection:-
This present study is entirely based on secondary data source which has been
collected from government official websites, journals, newspapers and related studies.